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T II E 

FOUNDERS AND BUILDERS 



OF THE 



ORANGES 



COMPRISING A HISTORY OF THE OUTLYING DISTRICT OF NEWARK, SUBSE- 
QUENTLY KNOWN AS ORANGE, AND OF THE LATER INTERNAL DIVI- 
SIONS, VIZ.: SOUTH ORANGE, WEST ORANGE, AND EAST 
ORANGE; ALSO A HISTORY OF THE EARLY SETTLERS 
(^R FOUNDERS, AND OF THOSE WHO HAVE 
BEEN IDENTIFIED WITH ITS GROWTH 
AND PROSPERITY, KNOWN AS 
THE BUILDERS. 

I 0G6 I SOO 



/^ 



ILLUSTRATED 



BY 

HENRY WHITTEAIORE 

AUTHOR OF THE HISTORY OF MONTCLAIR ILLUSTRATED. REVOLUTIONARY HISTORY OF 

ROCKLAND COUNTY, N. Y., HISTORY OF MIDDLESEX COUNTY, CONN., 

HISTORY OF STEAM NAVIGATION. AND OTHER WORKS. 



NEWARK, N. J. 

L. J. Hardham, Printer and Bookbinder, 

243 & 245 Market Street. 

1896 



v^\^^ 







PREFACE. 



TIIE generous support given, and tlu- hearty a[ipreciation shown by the people of the adjoin- 
ing township of Montclair, (nr the recently ]5ublislied liistory of that township, led the 
author to undertake the mucli more difficult and laborious task of compiling a history of 
the (^ranges, under the title of Till-; ForxDKRS AN'i> Biii.DKRS of Till-: ()RA\(;ks. 

.Although three histories of this locality have been published duiing the past thirty odd 
years, careful research and tiiorough investigation have brought to light many new and interesting 
facts, and for the first time a complete history of all the Oranges, including the history of the 
several churches, schools, societies, etc.. is presented to the public. This covers a period of two 
hundreil and thirty years — 1666 to 1896— and shows a growth almost unprecedentetl in the history 
of any similar locality. The past and present are presented in the strongest light ; the old land- 
marks of the Founders and the beautiful homes of the Builders are illustrated in the highest style 
of modern art, while the personal history of both Founders and Builders, together with a large 
amount of interesting genealogical data has been collected at great expense and severe labor. 
Nearly three years of incessant toil, day and night, has been spent in this undertaking, and the 
author has endeavoi'ed to place himself in communication with every man and woman in the 
Oranges who could in any wa\- contribute to the interest of the work by furnishing personal or 
other data. 

The author is greatly indebteil to the editors of the Orange Chronicle and Journal, the South 
Orange Bulletin and East Orange (jazctte for man_\- favors, and for their generous assistance and 
hearty cooperation, without which the c<im|iilation of a work of this kind would h.ive been almost 
impossible. 

Thanks are due to Judge Ricord, as the representati\e of the New Jersey Historical Society, 
for valuable aid. F^ree access has been afforded the author to the large collection of old deeds, 
records, papers, etc., relating to the early history of the State, and also to the files of the Newark 
Centinrl and other i)ul)lications in the possession of this Society. 

Orwck, N. J , iS<j6. II. W. 



^^4'^1 



'0 







PREFACE. 



THE generous support given, and the liearty appreciation shown by the people of the adjoin- 
ing township of Montclair, for the recently jjubh'shed history of that township, led the 
author to undertake the much more difficult and laborious task of compiling a histoiy of 
the Oranges, under the title of TiiK ForNiiKRS and Hrii.DKRS ok Till-: ( )r.\N(;i-;s. 

.Aithnugh three histories of this locality have been published duiing the past tliirty odtl 
years, careful research and thorough investigation have brought to light many new and interesting 
facts, and for the first time a complete history of all the Oranges, including the history of the 
several churches, schools, societies, etc., is presented to the public. Tiiis covers a period of tuo 
iiundred and thirty years — 1666 to iSg^ — and shows a growth almost unprecedented in the history 
of any similar locality. The past and present are presented in the strongest light; the old land- 
marks of the Founders and the beautiful homes of the Builders are illustrated in the highest stj-le 
of modern art, while the personal history of both Founders and Builders, together with a large 
ainount of interesting genealogical data has been collected at great expense and severe labor. 
Nearly three years of incessant toil, day and night, has been spent in this undertaking, and the 
author h.is endeavored to place himself in communicatiim with every man and woman in the 
Oranges who could in any wa\' contribute to the interest of the work b\- furnishing personal or 
other d.11,1. 

The author is greatly indebtetl to the etlitors of the Orange Chronicle and Joiinial, the South 
Orange Bulletin and East Orange (lazettc for man\- favors, and for their generous assistance and 
hearty cooperation, without which the compilation of a work of this kind would have been almost 
impossible. 

Thanks are due to Judge Ricord, as the representative of the New Jersey Historical Society, 
for valuable aid. I-'ree access has been afforded the author to the large collection of old deeds, 
records, papers, etc., relating to the early history of the State, and also to the files of the Newark 
Ccntincl and other ])ublications in the ]iossession of this .Society. 

()kA\<;i;, N. J , 1896. H. w. 



SUBTECT INUKX 



GENERAL HISTORY, PERTAININO TO SETTLEHENT. 

DiscdVt-ry ami Oicupalion of East New Jersey, p. i. Aboriginees, p. 2. Geological Kormatioii. p. 8. Setlleiiient of Newark 
— Its Foiiiulers, p. i i. First Cliunli of Newark, p. iS. 

ORANGE BEFORE ITS SEPARATION FROM NEWARK. 

First Settlement, p. 21. Discovery of Copper Mines, p. 21. Moun'Iafn .Sociktv. p. 25. Mills, p. 2;. Revolutionary 
War, p. 29. 

ERECTION OF ORANGE AS A SEPARATE TOWNSHIP. 

Origin of the Name, p. 36. Manufactures, p. 37. The Founders and Their Descen<lanls, p. 40. Military History, p. 120, 
Highways, .Streets, Public Communication, p. 127. Kailroads, p. 129. 

RELIGIOUS INTERESTS, CHURCHES, ETC. 

PRESBVrtRlAN. — First I'res., Orange, p. 132. Central Pres.. p. 151. Hillside Pres.. p, 155. First (ierman Pres., p. 159. 

German Pres., Orange Valley, p. i6r. Biick I'res.. East Orange, p. 139. First or .Munn Avenue Pres.. p. 146. Elm- 
wood Chapel, p. 150. Bethel Pres., p. 152. Arlington .Avenue Pres.. p. 158. St. Cloud Pres., West Oraiii^e. p. 153. 

Pleasant Valley German, p. 161. First Pres.. South Orange, p. 143. Trinity Pres.. p. 156. 
El'ISCOP.AL. — Grace Protestant. Orange, p. 164. All Saints'. Orange \'alley, p. 169. St. Mark's, West Orange, p. 162. 

Church of the Holy Innocents, p. r7i. Church of the llolv Comnurnion, South Orange, ■p. 163. St. Andrews, p. 171. 

Christ Church, East Orange, p. 168. St. Paul's, ]). 170. 
Ml THOniST. — First M. E.. Orange, p. 172. Calvary M. E., East Orange, p. 174. Ferry M. E., p. 177. Sandford Street 

M. E., p. 178. .M. E. Chuich, South Orange, p. 176. M. E. Church, Maplewood. p. 175. 
B.APTIST. — North Orange Baptist. Orange, p. 180. First Baptist, /f^/j/ Orange, \i. \y<). Washington Street Baptist, p. 1S5. 

Prospect Street Baptist, p. 185. 
Cn.NC.REGATIdN.AL. — Orange \'alley Congregational, Orange, p. 186. Grove Street, Cong., East Orange, p. 188. Trinity 

Cong., p. 1 89. 
Othkr Protkstam' Churchks.— Society of the New Jeiusalem, Orange, p. 191. First Unitarian. Orange, p. r93. First 

Reformed (Dutch), East Oiange. p. i9r. Young Men's Christian Association, Orange, p. 199. 
Catholic. — St. John's. Orange, p. 195. Church of Our Lady of the Valley, p 198. St. Winand's, p. 198. Church of Our 

Lady Help of Christians, East Oran-;e. p. r97. Church of Immaculate Conception, South Orange, p. 198. Seton 

Hall College. South Orange, p. 198. 

CHURCH PROPERTY, ETC. 

Proprietary I.anu Gka.n is. p. 137. Sale of Puhlic I.and.s, p 138. 
Cemeteries. — Orange Cemetery, p. 200. St. Mark's, p. 201. Rosedale, p. 201. 

CIVIL HISTORY OF ORANGE. 

i)K\M.K CI IV, p. 202. Municipal, p. 202. Police Department, p. 203. Fire Department, p. 204. Water Works, p. 206. 

Mayors of, p. 207. Industries, p 212. 
Banks. — Orange National, p. 214. Second National, p. 215. Orange Savings Bank, p. 2r5. Half Dime Savings Bank, p. 216. 
EdI'CATIO.nai..— Public and Private Schools, p. 2r6. State Legislation, etc., p. 217. The First School at the Mountain, p. 218. 

Schools and School-houses, p. 218. The Fi-ee School System, p. 219. High School. No. r, Lincoln Ave.. Park .Ave., 

Forest St.. Oakwood Ave., p. 221. Board of Education, p. 221. Private Schools, p. 221. Public Libraries, p. 228. 
Tin. Press. -Orange Journal, p. 222. Orange Record, p. 225. Orange Chronicle, p. 225. 
New England Society, p. 230. Mu.sic Hall. p. 232. Musical Societies, p. 233. 
Uenevoi.EN r AND CllARlTABLE Organiz AlTONS. — Orange (Orphan Home, p. 236. Memorial Hospital and Training School, 

p. 237. House of the Good Shepherd, p. 242. Orange Bureau of Associated Charities, p. 243. 



VI 

Lodges. A/usonic.— Union Lodge, No. ir. p. 243. Corinthian Lodge. No. 57. p. 244. Masonic Hall, p. 244. Orange 

Cliapler, No. 23. p. 245. Odd Felhrws. — Lafayetle Lodge, No. 12, p. 245. John F. Morse Lodge. No. iSj. 1). O. H., 

No. 186, Live Oak. No. 181. p. 246. 
TkmperanCR. — Washington Temple of Honor, p. 246. Oak and \'ine Temple of Honor and Temperance, p. 246. Woman's 

Christian Temperance Union, p. 246. 
Benefici.'^kv. - Orange Council, No. 975, Royal Arcanmn, p. 247. Hillside Council, No. 1,329. K. A., p. 247. Llevvdlyn 

Council, No. 1 1, Golden Star Fraternity, p. 248. 
Gk.\ND Armv of the Rf.PUBLIC— L'zal Dodd Post, No. 12, p. 248. 
Clubs.— The Woman's Club, of Orange, p. 249. Orange Club, p. 251. Orange Alhlelic Clul). p. 251. Essex County Country 

Club, p. 253. Orange Whist Club, p. 259. Orange Lawn Tennis Club. p. 362. 
The Builders of Ok anc.e. Genealogical and Biographical, p. 260. 

WEST ORANGE TOWNSHIP. 

Erection of Township, p. 301. Township Government, p. 303. 

EdUCVTIONAL — Public Schools, Etc.— St. Mark's. No. i. Valley School. No. 2. Washington School, No. 3, Pleasant Dale 

School, No. 4, Mount Pleasant School No. 5, Si. Cloud School, No. 6, p. 304. Hoard of l-'.duc.\lion, p. 305. 
Chai.vbe.ate Spring and Huiton Park, p. 305. 306. 
Llewellyn Park and lis Residents, p. 310. 

Residences on the Nokthfield Road, p. 338. Mountainside, p. 338. Belhurst, p. 342. 
Mountain Ridcf. and us Residents, p. 344. Maywood, p. 349. 

SOUTH ORANGE TOWNSHIP. 

OLD Landmarks, p. 353. Highways, Streets, etc., p. 354. 

Village of South Orange. Montrose Park. p. 357. Meadow Land Society, \t. 338. 

Educational, p. 358. Salaries of Teachers, Free Schools, etc., p. 359. 

South Orange Likuarv Association, p. 360. South Orange lintUtin. p. 361. South Or.mge Field Club, p. 363. 

Orange Lawn Tennis Club. p. 362. 
Lodges. — Century Lodge. No. 100. F. li A. M., ]). 362. Hope Lodge, No. 179, I. O. O. F., p. 362. 
Personal History and Homes of the Builders of South Orange, p. 363. 

EAST ORANGE TOWNSHIP. 

Erection of TiiWNsillP. p 388. Township Officers, p. 389, Police Department, 390. Fire Department, p. 391. Water 

Works, p. 392. 
Banks and Financial In.stitutions. — People's Bank, p. 304 The -Savings Investment and Trust Company, p. 395. East 

Orange National Bank, p. 396. East Orange Safe Deposit Company, p. 396. 
East Orange Gazette, p 397. 
Educational — Public and Private Schools. —High School, Columbian, Franklin, p. 399. .-Ashland, Elmwood, Eastern, 

p. 400. Private Schools, p. 400. 
Lodges.— Hope Lodge, No. 124, F. & A. M., East Orange Lodge, No. 242, I. O, O. F., East Orange Division, No. 184. Sons 

of Temperance, Arlington Council, No. 626. p. 401. 
The East Orange Improvement Society, p. 402. 
Prominen T Families and Beautiful Homes, p. 402. 



^\ 




C'HAPTKK I. 

DISCOVERY AND OCCUPATION OF EAST NEW JERSEY. 

THE A150RIGINEES. 

OXCERNING the discovery of the harbor of New York and the opposite shore of New 
jersey, imich lias been written and different conclusions reached. It may, however, be 
>afely asserted tliat tiic honor of its discovery docs not belong to the distinguished 

^ commander of " de Halve Maan." In 1497, Jean and Sebastian Cabot, under commis- 

^^K^ r sion of Henry VU, of England, sailed along the coast of North America and claimed for 

t .j'^ ',' their master the entire country, the shore of which they occasionally saw at a distance. 

\!^'?^X '" 1524, Jolian de Verrazzano, a Florentine navigator in the service of Francis I, 

■ A-' King of France, made a voyage to the North American coast and, from the account 

; which he gave, is believed to have entered the harbor of New York. Governor Stuy- 

' vesant, in his "Manifesto" to the Governor of Maryland, says: "The French were, 

in the year of our Lord God Almighty 1524, the second followers of the discovery in these northern 

parts of this America by Johan de Verrazzano." 

In 1525, Estevan Gomez, a Portuguese in the service of the Emperor Charles V, who had fitted out 
the expedition for the purpose of discovering a shorter passage to the Moluccas, visited the bay of New 
York. On Ribero's map— which embodies the outlines of the map of Gomez — the whole countrj', 
from New Jersey to Rhode Island, is called //le land of Estevan Gomez. 

Henry Hudson, an English sailor, whom the Dutch writers called "the bold Englishman," was 
induced to enter the service of the Dutch East Indian Company, at Amsterdam. He was an 
experienced navigator; had already, under the patronage of some London merchants, made two 
attempts — in 1607 and 1608 — to discover his favorite passage, and still had unshaken faith in final 
success. The company put him in command of a yacht or " Vlie boat " called the Half Moon, of 
thirty lasts burden and manned b\- a crew of twenty, partly Dutch and partly English. By his 
agreement with the company, dated January 8, 1609, 1^^' ^^'^^ to sail about the first of April in search of 
a passage by the north side of Nova Zembla, and to continue along that parallel until he was able to 
sail south to the latitude of sixty degrees, and then hasten back to report to his cniployers. He set 
sail April 6. 1609. Disreganling his instructions, however, in his anxiety to discover his favorite object, 
he coasted along from Newfoundland as far south as Chesapeake, and returning, cast anchor inside of 
Sandy Hook. Here he lay for a few days, cultivating an acquaintance with the Indians, who seemed 
highly pleased with the pale-face. In his journal he says: "The people of the country came aboard 
of us, seeming very glad at our coming, and brought green tobacco and gave us of it for knives and 
beads. They go in deer skins, loose, well dressed. They desire clothes and are very civil." On the 
eleventh, Hudson passed tiirough what is now called "The Narrows," and discovered the Kill von Kull, 
through which he came to Newark Ha\- which he called Acliter Cull, or after-bay, because it lay behind 
New York Bay. 

The report of Hudson's discovery created great excitement, and in 1610 a ship was sent out by the 
Dutch West India Company for the purpose of trading its furs. Five years later, the company 
obtained a grant of the exclusive trade on Hudson's River, and built forts and established trading posts 
at New Amsterdam, Albany and the Rondout Kill. 



2 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

Subsequently, a number of Swedes settled in New Netherlands and for a long time the coitntry was ' 
held by them and the Dutch, both agreeing to resist the pretensions of the English. Difficulties which 
arose compelled the Swedes to give up their possessions in 1655, and the Dutch were left in full 
possession. 

The claim of the English, founded on Cabot's discovery, had never been abandoned, though the 
Dutch and Swedish settlers resisted every endeavor to locate an English colony as early as 1640. A 
thrifty colony was maintained by the Dutch for about fift\- years. In 1660, howe\er, Charles II 
recovered the throne of his fathers. England and Holland at this time were rivals in trade, and were 
often placetl in direct opposition to each other. Fearing the evil consequences that might result from 
the establishment of a Dutch colnny in his possessions, Charles II gave a patent to his brother James, 
Duke of York, on the 12th of March, 1664, of all that part of New Netherlands King east of Delaware 
Bay, and sent a force under Sir Robert Carr and Col. Richard Nicoll to dispossess the Dutch of their 
territory in the New World. General Stuyvesant, of New Amsterdam, was, by reason of his defenseless 
condition, compelled to surrender without resistance, and the conquest of the colony on the Delaware 
was accomplished by Sir Robert Carr " with the expenditure of two barrels of powder and twenty shot." 

The Duke's squadron was yet on the Atlantic and the country yet in possession of the Dutch, 
when he, by deeds of lease and release, dated the 24th of June, conveyed to John. Lord Berkeley, a 
brother of the Governor of Virginia, and Sir George Carteret, the tract of land lying betVtVcri^ tlie 
Hudson and the Delaware Rivers, "which said tract of land is hereafter to be called by the name or 
names of Neiv dxsarea or New Jersey." [The name was given in compliment to Sir George Carteret, 
who had defended the island of Jersey against the long Parliament in the civil war, but the powers of 
government which had been expressly granted by the Duke were not in terms conveyed, though it 
would seem that both parties deemed them to have passed by tlie grant. | 

The proprietors formed a constitution, or as it was termed, "concessions and agreements of the lords 
proprietors," which secured equal privileges and liberty of conscience to all ; and it continued in force 
till the division of the province, in 1676. In August, 1665, Philip Carteret, a brother of Sir George, 
was appointed governor, and he made Elizabethtown the seat of government. The constitution 
established a representative government, and made liberal provision for the settlers. In a few jxars 
domestic disputes arose, ami in 1672 an insurrection occurred, compelling General Carteret to leave the 
province. 

In 1673, England and Holland were at war, antl a squadron was sent by the Dutch to repossess 
New Netherlands, which was surrendered without resistance by Captain Manning, in the absence of 
Governor Lovelace. On the conclusion of peace between England and Holland, New Netherlands was 
restored to the former. The Governor of New York, Major Edmund Andros, claimed juristiiction over 
New Jersey, insisting that the Dutch conquest extinguished the proprietary title; but early in 1675 
Governor Carteret' returned and resumed the government of the eastern part of the province. He was 
kindly received by the people, who had become dissatisfied with the arbitrary rule of Goxernor Andros. 
A new set of concessions was published, and peaceable subordination was established in the colony. 
Governor Antlros, howexer, continueil his efforts to enforce his claims of jurisdiction and issued a 
proclamation abrogating the Carteret government and recpiiring "all persons to submit forthwith to the 
King's authority as embotlied in himself." To this the people of Newark replied: " The town being 
met together, give their positive answer to the Governor of York's writ that tluy h i\e taken the oath 
of allegiance to the King and fidelity to the present government, and until we ha\e sufllcient order from 
his Majesty we will stand by the same." Subsequently, Carteret himself wrote to Andros: " It was 
by his Majesty's commands that this government was established, and without the same commands shall 
never be resigned but with our lives and fortunes, the people resolving to live and die with the name of 
true subjects, and not traitors." The difiRculty was finally settled by a reaffirmation from England of 
Carteret's authority, and a complete renunciation by the Duke of York of governmental right in New 
Jersey. 



The Founders and Buiuiers ok the Oranges. 3 

Sir George Carteret dicil in 1^179. \W \u-< will ho directed tlie sale of tliat jjart of the i)rovince for 
tlie payment of his debts ami it was accordinijly sold to William I'enn and eleven others, wlio were 
termed the twelve proprietors. A fresh impetus was j^iven to the settlement of the country, especially 
by the people of Scotland. Each of llie twelve proprietors took a partner and they all came to be 
known as the twenty-four picipiictnis, Awd to tlieni the Duke of \'nik, (ui the i.)th of March, 1682, 
made a fresh grant. 

Under the new reijime in New Jersey, Robert Harclay, one of the proprietors, was chosen Governor 
for life, with power to name his tleputies. There were, in succession, Tliomas Kudyard (1683), Gawen 
Lawrie, Lord Neil Campbell and Alexander Hamilton. 

In West New Jersey, Samuel Jennings was commissioned deputy governor by Hyllinge in 1680, and 
durini; the ne.xt jear he com cncd an assembl)- which adopted a constitution and form of government. 
His successors were Thomas 01i\e, John .S. Keene, William Welsh, Daniel Co.\e and Andrew Hamilton. 

In I/OC the condition of affairs in both provinces had arri\ed at that state when the benefits of 
good government were not attainable. Each had many proprietors and their conflicting interests 
occasioned such disc<ird that tlie people became (piite willing to listen to overtures for a surrender of 
the proprietary government. "The ])r(iprietors, weary of contending with each other and witii the 
people, drew u|i an instnuiunt whereby they surrendered their right of government to the crown, which 
was accepted by Uueen Anne, on the 17th of April, 1702. The Queen at once reunited the two 
provinces ami placed the government of New Jersey, as well as of New York, in the hanils of her 
kinsman. Lord Cornbury." 

Cornbury's rule was terminated by the revocation of his commission, in 170S. He was succeeded 
by John, Lord Lovelace, who soon died, and the functions of government were discharged by Lieutenant- 
Governor Inglesby till 1710, when Governor Hunter commenced his administration. He was followed, 
in 1720, b_\- William Hurnet, who was removed to Boston in 1727. John Montgomerie then became 
Governor and continued until his death, in 1731. The government then devolved on John Anderson, 
President of the Council, who died in about two weeks, and was succeeded by John Hamilton (son of 
Andrew Hamilton, Governor under the proprietors), who served nearly two years. In 1738, Lewis 
Morris, Esq., was appointed Governor of New Jersey, "separate from New York." His successors were 
John Reading, Johathan Belcher, John Boone, Josiah Hardy and, in 1763, William Franklin, the last 
of the ro\\'d governors, and a son of Benjamin I'"i,inklin. 

THE DELAWARES AND OTHER TRIHi:S OF INDIANS. 

% 

Hudson's journal indicates that the Indians on the east side of tlu- Iludscm Ri\er, who were 
allies of the Iroquois, held an intercourse with those on the west side, and that the former were a much 
more fierce and unplacable people than the latter. 

On the point where New York is now built, Hudson fount! tlie Indians a verj' hostile people, but 
those living on the western side from the Kills upward, "came daily on board the vessel while she laj- at 
anchor in the river, bringing with them to barter furs, the largest and finest oysters, Indian corn, beans, 
pumpkins, squashes, grapes and some apples, all of which they exchanged for trifles." 

Hudson found the shores on both sides "as pleasant with Grasse and Flowers and goodly Trees as 
ever they had scene, and very sweet smells came frau them." 

At this time the southern and eastern portions of New York were inhabited by the Mohican or 
Mohegan Indians; while that portion west from the Hudson River was occupied by five confederate 
tribes, afterward named by the English the Five Nations, and by the French, the Iroquois, and 
by themselves called Hodenosaunec — people of the Long House. The long house formed by this 
confederacy extended east and west through the State, having at its eastern portal the Mohawks and at 
its western the Senecas, while between them dwelt the Oneidas, Onondagas and Cayugas ; and after 
1714, a sixth nation — the Tuscaroras, southeast from Oneida Lake. Of these Indians, Parkman says 
that at the commencement of the seventeenth century, " in the region now forming the State of New 



4 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

York, a power was rising to a ferocious vitality which, but for the presence of Europeans, would 
probably have subjected, absorbed or exterminated every other Indian community east of the Missis- 
sippi and north of the Ohio." 

There is no positive proof as to the time when the Iroquois confederacy was formed. It was 
probably at the beginning of the fifteenth century, or about a hundred years before Columbus crossed 
the Atlantic Ocean. The teeming East is the mother of those historic myths in which figure in divine 
grandeur, the founders of nations. Among these is Hi-a-wat-ha, the founder of the Iroquois confeder- 
acy. Their traditions tell us that this personage, whom in later years they revered as the incarnation of 
wisdom, came from the serene dwelling in the skies and took up his abode with the Onondagas, then 
the most favored of the Five Nations of the great Iroquois family living within the domain of the 
present State of New York. 

At the meeting for the formation of the confederacy, after listening to the discussion. Hi-a-wat-ha 
arose and addressed the people b\- nations, saying as he pointed towards the heads of each : 

" You (the Mohawksi who are sitting under the shadow of TJie Great Tree, whose roots sink deep 
into the earth and whose branches spread wide around, shall be the first nation, nearest the rising of the 
sun, because you are war like and mighty_ 

"You (Oncidas) who recline your bodies against Tlie Everlasting Stone — emblem of wisdom that 
cannot be moved, shall be the second nation, because you always give wise council. 

" You (the Onondagas) who have your habitations at the foot of TIte Great Hills and are over- 
shadowed by their crags, shall be the third nation, because you are always greatly gifted in speech. 

" You (the Cayugas) the people who live in The Open Country and possessed of much wisdom, shall 
be the fourth nation, because you understand better the art of raising corn and beans and making houses. 

"You (the Senecas) whose dwelling is in The Dark Forest, nearer the setting sun, and whose home 
is everywhere, shall be the fifth nation, because of your superior cunning in hunting. 

" Unite, you five nations, and have one common interest and no foe shall disturb or subdue you. 
You, the people, who are as the feeble bushes, and you who are a fishing people (addressing some who 
had come from the Delawares and from the seashore) may place yourselves under our protection and 
we will defend you; and you of the South and West may do the same. We earnestly desire the 
alliance and friendship of you all. Brothers, if we unite in this great bund, the Great Spirit will smile 
upon us and we shall be free, prosperous and happy; but if we remain, we shall be subject to His frown. 
We shall be enslaved, ruined, perhaps annihilated ; wc may perish under the war-storm, and our names 
be no longer remembered by good men nor repeated in the dance and song. Brothers, these are the 
words of Hi-a-wat-ha. I have said it. I am done." 

Most writers on Indian antiquities have considered the tribes of the lower Hudson and of East 
New Jersey as branches of the general Delaware nation or Lenni Lenape, w hich means original people. 
This was a title which they had adopted under the claim that they were descended from the most 
ancient of all Indian ancestors. This claim was admitted by the Wyandots, Miamis and more than 
twenty other aboriginal nations, who accorded to the Lenape the title of grandfathers, or a people 
whose ancestors ante-dated their own. The Rev. John Heckewelder, in his " History of the Manners and 
Customs of the Indian Nations," says of the Delaware nation : 

" They will not admit that the whites are superior beings. They sa)' that the hair of their heads, 
their features, and the various colors of their eyes evince that they are not, like themselves, Lenni 
Lenape, an original people, a race of men that has existed unchanged from the beginning of time, but 
that they are a mixetl race and therefore a troublesome one. Whoever they may be, the Great Spirit, 
knowing the wickedness of their disposition, fcunul it necessary to give them a Great Book, and taught 
them how to read it, that thej- might know and observe what He wished them to do and what to abstain 
from. But they — the Indians — have no need of an\' such book to let them know the will of their 
Maker; they find it engraved on their own hearts ; they have had a sufficient discernment given to 
them to distinguish good from evil, and by follmving tli.it they are sure not to err." 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 5 

Barton says of tlieiii : " Tlicy arc acknowledged to be of more ancient establishment in the 
country than man\- others, and their language appears to ha\e greater spread than that of any of the 
numerous nations of this great continent. 

"The name by which these Indians arc best known- th.it of Delawares — was imposed upon them 
by tlie Englisli because they inhabited the waters of the river Delaware. The Delawares tell us that 
they were formerly a very powerful people, iidiabiting the country to a great distance and spreading 
along the seashore far east and south. The great spread of their language seems to show that this must 
have been the case. Most of the other tribes called the Delawares their grandfather. 

"The Delaware nation consists of three tribes — the Unaniis or Wanami. the Unatachtigo or 
Wunathchtigo, and the Minsi or Monsees. The Mahicanni or Mohicans are certainly sprung from the 
Delawares, but are not comprehended by these last as a branch in making uj) their nation. 

" All the Indian nations to the southward and westwanl distinguished the Delawares by the name 
of Wapanachki, or people toxuards the rising of the sun. 

"The Minsi or Monsees, called also Minnisinks, formed a part of the Delaware nation. They called 
themselves Minissi, or the Peninsula peojjle. because they inhabited the Minnisink. The tradition of 
their Indians informs us that they originalU" dwelt in or under a lake from whence they have sprung. 
The Miamis also say that they sprang out of a lake." 

The Delawares, or Lenni Lenape, occupied a domain extending along the seashore from tlie 
Chesapeake to the country bonlering Long Islaiul Sound. But from the coast it reached the Susque- 
hanna Valley to the foot of the Alleghany Mountains, and on the north joined the .southern frontier of 
their domineering neighbors, the hated and dreaded Iroquois. This domain included not only the 
counties of Bergen, Passaic, Hudson and I-lsse.K, but all of the State of New Jersey. 

In the organization of the savage communities of the continent, one feature, more or less conspicu- 
ous, continually appears. Each nation or tribe — to adopt the names by which these communities are 
usuall}- known — is sub-diviiled into several clans. These clans are not locallj- separate, but are mingled 
throughout the nation. All the members of each clan are, or are assumed to be, intimately joined in 
consanguinit}-. Hence, it is held an abomination for two persons of the same clan to intermarry ; and 
hence, again, it follows that every family must contain members of at least two clans. Each clan has 
its name, as the clan of the Hawk, of the Wolf, or of the Tortoise; and each has for its emblem the 
figure of the beast, bird, reptile, plant or other object, from which its name is derived. This emblem, 
called totfiit, is often tattooed on the clansman's body or rudely painted over the entrance of his lodge. 
The child belongs to the clan, not of the father, but of the mother. In other word.s, descent, not of 
the totem alone, but of all rank, titles and posse.ssions, is through the female. The son of a chief can 
never be a chief by hereditary title, though he may become so by force of personal influence or 
achievement. Neither can he inherit from his father so much as a tobacco-pipe. All posse.ssions pass 
of right to the brothers of the chief, or to the sons of his sisters, since these are all sprung from a 
common mother. 

The principal tribes composing the I.enni I.cnape or Delaware nation, were those of the Unamis or 
Turtle, the Unalachtgo or Turkey, and the Minsi or Wolf. The tribes who occupied and roamed over 
the counties of Bergen, Pa.ssaic, Hudson and Essex were those of the Turkey and Wolf branches of the 
Lenni Lenajie nation, Init the possessions and boundaries of each cannot be clearly defined. There was 
probably a tribe for every ten or twenty miles, each taking their names from the streams near which 
they severally located. 

In 1648, they were governed by about twenty kings, which might seem to warrant the belief that 
their numbers were great; but the insignificance of this regal sway is seen from the fact that in one case 
twelve hundretl were under two kings, and some kings h;id only forty subjects, so that these rulers might 
with greater correctness be called chiefs. 

The Wolf, commonly called the Min.si (corruptly called Minscy), had chosen to live back of the other 
two tribes and formed a kind of bulwark for their protection, watching the nations of the Mungwe. and 



6 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

being at hand to afford aid in case of rupture witli them. The Minsi were considered the most warlike 
and active branch of the Lcnape. 

Those most intimately connected with tliis region where the Minisies and Mohicans — the former 
being the inhabitants of tlic range of countr_\- from Minnisink to Staten Island, and from the Hudson 
to the Raritan Valley. The latter inhabited the east side of the lower Hudson to its mouth. The 
Dutch called them respectively Swannekins and the Manhicans. According to Brodhead, the former 
were called Wabingi or VVappinges, the latter name, as Heckewelder claims, being derived from the 
Delaware word waping, signifying opossum. These were divided into numerous tribes, and the latter 
.igain into clans. In this section of New Jersey they were called Raritans, Hackensacks (or Ackinkes- 
hacky), Pomptons and Tappaens. On Manhattan Island dwelt the fierce Manhattans, whom De Laet 
calls "a wicked nation " antl "enemies of the Dutch." 

Whitehead, in his '• East New Jersey under the Proprietary Governments," concludes that there 
were not more than two thousand Indians within the province while it was under the dcimination of the 
Dutch. Fift)' \ears later it was stated that they — the Indians — are greatly decreased in numbers. And 
the Indians themselves say that " two of them die to every Christian that comes here." The Delawares 
appear to have been formerly the superiors of the other nations of North America comprehended 
within the limits of those mentioned. Their traditional historj', which is still extant, proves this asser- 
tion. But by the cunning of the Five Nations, who are perhaps the greatest politicians of all the 
North American Indians, they were allured into a war with the Five Nations, and finalh- were 
conquered. 

Before the European explorers had penetrated the territories of the Lenape, the power and prowess 
of the Iroquois had reduced the former nation to the condition of vassals, and when, in 1742, they were 
commanded by the old Iroquois chief, Connosscitigo, at the treat\- of council in Philadelphia, instantly 
to leave the court lujuse and to prepare to vacate their hunting grounds on the Delaware and its tribut- 
aries, the outraged and insulted red men were completely crestfallen and crushed ; but they had no 
allern,iti\e, and must obey. The)- at once left the presence of the Iroquois, returned to their homes 
which were now to he their homes no longer, and soon afterward migrated to the country bordering the 
Suscpiehanna and beyond that river. 

The Indians of this locality were (juiet, peaceable and domestic in tluir habits, and there existed 
among them a code of honor — engraven on their hearts by the Great Spirit — which woukl put to shame 
their white neighbors, who were kept in restraint only by wholesome laws \igorously enforced, and all 
attempts by the Dutch to corrupt and demoralize their savage (?) neighbors b)- the introduction of "fire 
water" met with a manly resistance on the part of the Indian chiefs. 

Local Indian names and other evidences clearlj' indicate that the territory comprised within the 
original boundaries of Newark was at one time the habitation of one or more of the several clans of 
Indians. Early surveys show that Indian paths led through this region of country, and that the route 
of the various tribes in passing from the seashore to the interior led along this line. On one of the 
early maps is shown the Indian path which led to the Minisink. From the Shrewsbury north-west it 
crossed the Raritan west of Amboy, and thence northerly to Minisink Island in the Delaware. This 
was the great path from the .sea to the Minisink, the Indian Council seat. The most direct route from 
the Hudson to Minisink Islantl was through the great notch on the First Mountain, about six miles 
noith of Orange, which struck the main ])ath near Little Falls. There were also intersecting paths 
thiough the same territory. The se\eral routes led to the Minisink, about se\en miles west of 
Walchschunk Mountain, through the notch at Eagle Rock and other openings through the mountain. 

Local Names. Nearly, if not quite all the Indian names in this locality indicate their origin from 
the language of the Delaware Indians, most of them being misspelt as well as misinterpreteil. Wacliung, 
referring to the First Mountain, is evidently a corruption of VVachtschunk, meaning " on the hill." 
The name of "Watse.ssing " or " Wardesson," as early applied to Bloomfield, is doubtless from the word 
Waktschiechen, meaning crooked. Mr. D. G. Brinton, author of " Aboriginal American Authors and 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 7 

their Productions," writes: " I would say that you areijuitc ri^'ht in supposing VVatchunj^ — VVatschunk 
-on the Inll, or at the mountain, or the hilly spot. The name Watsessing I take to be a form of 
Waktschieciien, // is crooktd (i. c, a roatl, a stream, etc.). In this case, the traditional rendering you give 
seems to hk- well founded." 

Pachseyink — ;// ///<• Wxl/cy — is doubtless the original of " Passaic " or " Pc.sayic," as spelled in the 
early records. Hachkihacaiiink—in the the field ; Sepunk — to or on the river ; Hatink — in or near the 
c.utii : Meechek.icliink — at tlic big rock: Tekenink — in the woods; Tapewi — chi the river bank. 




I-AKK .WIM K. :,MiiKlN<. KA.-^i I ki 'M 1,1,K\VK1,1.\ .\ PARK. 



GHAPTEl-^ II. 




GEOLOGICAL FORMATION OF ESSEX COUNTY. 

FROM PROF. GEORGK H. COOK'S GEOLOGY OF THE STATE. 

HAT portion of New Jersey which is of the Triassic or Red Sand Stone Age, is included 
in a belt of country which has the Highland range of mountains on its north-west 
side, and a line almost straight from Staten Island Sound, near Woodbridge, to 
Trenton, on its south-east. It has the northern boundary and the Hudson River on 
the north-east, ;uid the Delaware on the south-west. The area within these bounds is 
entirely free from rocks of an earlier age, and also from any extensive formations of a 
later period. The strong and decided red color of the prevailing rock of this forma- 
tion has given name to the whole, and while most of the names of the kind have been 
discarded by the geologists, this is so striking and suggestive that it receives the 
approval of all. 

Prominent in the Triassic district are the two long and parallel ranges of trap rock, known in Essex 
County as the First and Second Mountains. The eastcrmost or outer ridge we shall call, for convenience 
of description, the First Mountain, while the inner parallel range may be termed Second Mountain. 
The former, rising at Pluckamin, in Somerset County, has an east-southeast trend for seven miles, to the 
gorge through which passes Middle Brook. The continuous ridge runs thence on an east and north-east 
course to Millburn, in Essex County, a distance of sixteen miles, where the gap between the two ends 
of the disconnected range is about one and one-half miles. From Milburn to Paterson, a distance of 
fifteen miles, its course is a little east of north. The whole lengtli of this mountain, from its rise at 
Pluckamin to its terminus near Sicomae, is forty-eight miles, and its general trend is north-northeast. 

The prominent and characteristic feature nf this mountain is the great difference between its inner 
and outer slopes. That toward the Second Miuintain is gentle, while that toward the red sandstone 
country is steep, and in many places precipitous. The former corresj)onds to the dip of the shale or 
sandstone which forms the basis upon which the traj) rests, and at nearly all points trap constitutes the 
rock of this declivity. The steep outer slope shows sandstone or shale at the base and up to the 
precipitous bluffs of trap, covered, however, in places, by the debris from the rock above. The breadth of 
this range is quite uniform, from one to two miles. The height is also remarkably uniform, ranging 
from three hundred to six hundred and fifty feet above the level of the sea. 

Everywhere, the trap forms the crest and upper portion of this slope, under which is the sandstone 
generally covered by trap debris. The top of the sandstone is from one hundred to one hundred and 
fifty feet below the top of the mountain. The located line marks the base of this steep face, and is at 
the same distance from the top of the mountain. It is plain on all roads crosssing the ridge, e.g., on 
the old South Orange Turnpike, the mountain roail, Mount Pleasant Turnpike, near the Llewellyn S. 
Haskell place, also in the Park, in West Orange Township. 

The Western boundary line of the trap of the First Mountain follows the general direction of the 
valley included between the First and Second Mountains. The drift here, also, renders the tracing of a 
geological line cpiite difficult. lUit from the known uniformity of the trap slope and an examination of 
the surface configuration of the county, ami a few points of outcrop, the line can be quite accurately 
fixed and described. Generally, it follows the line of least elevation or at the bottom of the \alley, and 
is in most cases at the foot of the first mountain slope. Beginning at the northern entl of this range, 
the Oldham Creek is coincident with a line almost to the pond north of Haledon : thence running east 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



of this villa;^c aiul at the same side of the creek, it meets the Passaic River west of the mouth of 
Oldham Creek, and follows the river for a mile to the Morris and Essex Canal, which constitutes the 
west boundary of this range to the Little F'alls and Notch Road. The trap appears at several points 
along the river from the mouth of the creek to the bend in the former, where the line leaves it. East 
of this the First Mountain is made up of several rocky ridges, separated by narrow valleys. 

From the Notch Road southward, the trap boundary follows the same general direction as the 
mountains ; crosses the county line, the cre.t forming the boundary line between Caldwell and Montclair 
townships to the east of Verona Village, to the watershed of the Verona Valley, near the upper side of 
Llewellyn Park, west nf Eagle Rock; thence down the valley of the west branch of Railway Riveras 
far as the old South Orange Roail. Approaching the stream, it at length crosses it and intersects the 
Morris and Essex branch of the D. L. & W. R. R., about three-quarters of a mile west of Millburn 
Village. Along the line just mentioned, drift knolls and beds rest upon the lower portions of the trap 
slope ; near the crest of the main and subordinate ridges the rock is frequently seen. Near Millburn, 
the slope is less obscured by drift, although west and southwest of the village it hides all rocks. 

The features of the Second Mountain are similar to those of the First. The boundary line between 
them is of the same general course as that of the mountain itself, and also parallel throughout with the 
First Mountain. The prolongation of the range at each extremity beyond the ends of the outer range 
makes this mountain longer than the other by five miles. Throughout a portion of the range its 
structure is apparently complicated by one or more subordinate ridges, quite similar to the main or 
outer one. There can scarcely be a doubt that the whole mass is one unbroken body of trap rock. 

Freestone and Sandstone Quarries. Quarries were opened in Esse.x County as early as 1700, 
and many of the old farm houses were built of this reddish sandstone. Nearly all of the old grave- 
stones in Orange cemetry, on Main street, are of this material, and the inscriptions on them are well 
preserved. 

In the east face of the Watchung or Orange Mountains, in West Orange Township, trap rock is 
quarried extensively for road material. These quarries ha\e each a cracker for breaking up the stone, and 
they supply a I irge amnint annually f )r the construction of Telford roads in all the Oranges, Montclair, 
Rloomfield and other localities. Stones from the old quarry in Llewellyn Park were quarried in 1S67-8 
for building St. John's Roman Catholic Church, in Orange. 

The quarr\'ing for trap rock at 
O'Rourke's ([uarrj', on the face of 
Orange Mountain, brought to view, 
in 1824, a most remarkable and inter- 
esting exposure of basaltic columns. 
The surface, for about seven hundreil 
feet along the mountain, is made up 
of columns of rock as perfect in form 
as if cut out by workmen and packed 
in as closely as the hexagonal cells 
in a hone\'comb. 

The columns are mostly six- 
sided, though there are some with 
only five sides, and those with still 
other numbers of sides are occasion- 
ally met with. Those at the two 
extremities of the quarry are perpen- 
dicular an<l perhaps thirty feet high, 
while the higher portion in the mid- 
dle is made up of columns which are basaltic columns. 




lo The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

more or less inclined as if directed towards a central line. The columns in the same part of the quarry 
arc quite uniform in size and appearance, but those at the northeast end are much the largest, some of 
them beiny four feet across at a single side; those at the southeast are smaller, but still very large, 
being from two to two and a half feet across the sides, while those in the middle are perhaps a foot or 
more in the same measurement. 

These rocks rise to the very crest of the mountain and make all of its higher and rougher parts, but 
underneath them is a great platform of red sandstone extending back and slanting downwards into the 
mountain. At the quarry, this rock is only from four to five feet below the working bottom, and these 
gigantic pillars seem to stand upon it. 

While most interesting geological phenomena are found in remote, uncleared and rough places, this 
is near to excellent roads, and the working of the quarry has cleared off all the loose rubbish from the 
surface and left the rock of the mountain clear and perfectly open to view. 

It belongs to the same class of rocks, both in material and structure, with the Giant's Causewa\-, in 
Ireland, but is on a much larger scale. 






^"^2^ 

.^S 



:.} 



K2 





('HAPTKN III. 

THE SETTLEMENT OF NEVVARK.-ITS FOUNDERS. 

KARLY as 1658, a settlement was begun upon what was called the '' IJergen grant," on 
which a trading station had been established by the Dutch, forty years before. In 1663, 
.1 band of Puritans from Long Island obtained permission of the Dutch to plant their 
nstitutions on the banks of the Raritan and Minisink. In the following year, some 
families of Quakers were found on the south side of Raritan Bay. 

Reference has already been made to the conveyance, in 1663, of Charles II to his 
brother James, Duke of York, of a tract of land stretching from the Connecticut River 
to the Delaware; and of the portion now called New Jersey, to John Lord Berkley and 
S'^ Sir George Carteret. The portion was again divided, in 1676, between Sir George and 

i the assigns of Lord Berkley, the former taking the eastern part. Carteret, by his will, 

dated December 5, 1678, devised to certain trustees therein named, a power to sell East New Jersey — a 
trust which was executed three years later by a sale, conveying the same in fee to William Penn, Robert 
West and others to the number of twelve. These twelve proprietors, by particular deeds, took each a 
partner, so that East New Jersey became vested in twenty-four persons, who became known as the twenty- 
four Proprietors. By these a Council of Proprietors was appointed, to consist of at least one-third part of 
the whole number of proprietors, or their proxies, and possessing all necessary powers of administration. 
To encourage immigration, the proprietors — Berkley and Carteret — published their "Charters of 
Concessions," prescribing the fundamental rules and methods by which property in their lands should 
be acquired. One was " That all such persons who should transport themselves into the province of 
New Jersey within certain times limited by the said concessions, should be entitled to grants or patents 
under the seal of the province, for certain quantities of acres in the said Concessions expressed, paying 
therefor, yearl\-, the rent of one half penny sterling money for every acre so to be granted." Another 
rule was "That all lands should be purchased by the governor and council, from the Indians, from time 
to time as there should be occasion, in the name of the Lords Proprietors; and every person settling 
was to pay his proportion of that purchase money and charges." It will be seen that the proprietors 
recognized in these rules, the right of the Indians to a compensation for their lands, 'tvhilc they monopol- 
ized the right of purchase. No others could buy but through them. The Indians could only sell to 
them, .'\gainst this assumption of power over the soil and its original tenants, there was made, subse- 
quently, a vigorous and determined opposition. 

In August, 1665, Philip Carteret, a brother of Sir George, having received an appointment from the 
proprietors as governor of the colony, appeared among the tenants of the scattered cabins about 
Eiizabethtown, which was then but a cluster of four houses. In honor of Lady Carteret, the place 
received her name and rose into dignity as the capital of the province. The settlement of Newark 
by immigrants from Connecticut began the following year. 

What is now the State of Connecticut originally consisted of two colonies — Connecticut and New 
Haven. The settlement of the former began at the mouth of the Connecticut River, in 163 1, under a 
patent granted to Lord Say and Seal and Lord Brook — the location receiving the name of Saybrook. 



12 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

The free phinters of Hartford, Windsor and Wethersfield (emigrants from the Mass. colon_\-) resolved to 
form themselves into a distinct commonwealth, and on the 14th of January, 1639, they convened at 
Hartford and adopted a constitution. The preamble of this instrument set forth that it was to preserve 
"the liberty and purity of the Gospell " as they understood it, "and the regulation of civil affairs." 

This was the first constitution adopted in the New World, and it recognized among its fundamental 
principles the great bulwark of American freedom. It has been said of it that it was " simple in its terms, 
comprehensive in its policy, methodical in its arrangement, and beautiful in its adaption of parts to a 
whole." 

The same year, 1639. Fairfield and Stratford were founded under the jurisdiction of Connecticut, 
and in 1644 tlie Colony of Connecticut purchased from Colonel Fenwick the jurisdiction right in the 
Colony of Sa\^brook. This then embraced the territory of the Connecticut Colony. 

When New IJaven Colony entered into combination with Connecticut, it consisted of the planta- 
tions at New lla\^en, Southold (L.I.) and Stamford. Guilford and Milford were shortly afterwards 
received as component parts of the jurisdiction. In the spring of 1644, Totoket, or Rranford (purchased 
from the Indians in 1639 and partially settled at this time), "a place for a small plantation betwixt New 
Haven and Guilford," was sold to Mr. Swain and others from Wethersfield, upon condition tiiat they 
should join in our jurisdiction with New Haven and the other plantations upon " the fundamental 
agreement, settled in October, 1643, which they, duly considering, readily accepted." Southampton, on 
Long Island, having placed itself under the jurisdiction of Connecticut, a minority of the people with 
their minister, Rev. Abraham Pierson, pr.eferring the theocratic constitution of New Haven, removed to 
Hranford and united themselves with the company from Wethersfield. From this time to its dissolution, 
the jurisdiction consisted of the six plantations of New Haven, Southold (L. I.), Stamford, Guilford, 
Milford and Branford. 

In two important particulars. New IIa\cn tliffercd fwm the other colonies. It was a part of its 
" funtlamental law" that onl_\- church members should be free burgesses or voters. By fundamental, was 
meant unchangeable. The fundamental law established by the planters of Ouinnepiac (New Haven), 
on "the fourth day of the fourth month, called June, 1639," and afterward assented to by the other 
plantations constituting the jurisdiction of New Haven, was designed to be unalterable. It was under- 
stood to be a compact or agreement from whicli those who had assented to it could not recede. 

A controversy arose between the colonies of Connecticut and New Haven, growing out of the new 
charter granted to Connecticut b\- Charles II, in 1662. A communication from the Connecticut Colony 
was read at a meeting of the freemen of the New Haven Colony, held at New Haven, November 4, 
1662, .setting forth the advantages of the patent, with the " earnest desire *4iat there may be a happy 
and comfortable union between yourselves and us according to the terms of the charter." 

Notwithstanding these peaceful negotiations, the inhabitants of the New Haven Colony were 
greatly disturbed at the possible termination of affairs. Mr. Davenport and other ministers were 
strongly of the opinion that all government powers should be vested in the churches and the churches 
were unanimously opposed to being united with Connecticut. In New Haven, only church members 
in full coDiniunion could be freemen. The adopted tenet of the Connecticut Colony was that all 
baptized persons not convicted of scandalous actions, are so far church members that, upon acknowledg- 
ing their baptismal covenant and promising an outivard cm\{Q\\x\\'i\ to it, though without any pretension 
to inward and spiritual religion, they may present their children for baptism. This was known as the 
" Half-Way Covenant," and continued in force in Connecticut for more than a luindred years. 

The proposed union aroused deep feeling through all the New Haven Colony settlements. Branford 
people were especially disturbed. Rev. Mr. Pierson and others had left Southam[)ton, L. I., because 
they found it was claimed by Connecticut. Now they were to be under Connecticut jurisdiction after 
all. This was the bhghting of all their hopes. They did not believe there could be any good and safe 
government for Christian people unless the voting and office-holding were all in the hands of Christians. 
Having "spent so much of their means and so much of their labor on houses, fences, mills, lands, and 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 13 

done so imicli for living com fort abl\', it was a serious matter to break up, go into anotlier wilderness and 
begin again." Their labor of twentv-tliree years meant a great deal. 

Kxcessivei)- alarminLj aiul tlistasteful were these views to the supporters of the policy of the fathers. 
W'iliiout muiiey. erctlit >>r politic. il .iffiliations of any importance, tliey yet clung to tlie hope of inde- 
pendence, believetl the danger from England to be averted and spurned "the Christless rule of 
Connecticut." Mr. Davenport was very bitter at the action of Leite. He wrote to Gov. W'intiirop, in 
1663: "As for wiiat Mr. I, cite unite to yourself, it was his private doing, without the consent or 
knowledge of any of us in the colony ; it was not done l)y him according to his public trust as Governor, 
but contrary to it." 

A serious division of sentiment had arisen in the colony which threatened its ver_\' existence. New 
Haven and Ikanford supported the cause of " Godly Government." but Mr. Leite was continued in his 
office and the nominal head of the elder faction, Matthew Gilbert, was, as usual, chosen to the subordin- 
ate office of Deputy Governor. Many now began openly to declare themselves citizens of Connecticut 
and to ignore the New Haven officers and laws. Taxes could not be collected and the colony, unable 
to pay the regular salaries of its officials, was plunging deeper and deeper into debt. Discouraged and 
almost disheartened at the inexorable logic of events, Mr. Davenport exclaimed, "The cause of Christ 
in New Haven is miserably lost." 

The possible overthrow of his plans had been forscen by Mr. Davenport and by the leaders of his 
l)arty during the quarrel with the townsmen in 1658-60, and at that time they had secretly sent out 
" wise men of good report " in search of a New Canaan. 

They turned naturally to the Delaware region with which they were alreaily familiar, having 
previously invested large amounts in that locality. A Committee of inspection was sent thither in 1661 
and on the 8th of November, Matthew Gilbert, Deputy Governor of the Colony of New Haven, wrote 
from Milford to Governor Stuyvesant, at New Amsterdam, informing him that "a Companie of 
Considerable that came into N. E. that they might serve God w''' a pure conscience and enjoy such 
liberties and priviledges, both Civill and Ecclesiasticall. as might best advantage unto, and strengthen 
them in the end and worke aforesaid, w''' also, through the mercy of God, they have enjoyed for more 
than twentie yeares together, and the Lord haveing blessed them w'"" posterities so that their numbers 
are increased and they being desirous to p'vide for their posterities so that their outward comfortable 
subsistance and their souUes welfare might in the use of suitable means through the blessing of the 
Almighty, be obtained, — that this company having been encouraged so to do by the courtesy extended 
by the Governor to persons appointed to visit ' some adjacent parts ' on a previous occasion, had 
appointed a committee of four of their most prominent men, at the head of which was Robert Treat, 
to confer with him relative to the terms upon which they might ' begin to plant,' and thereafter secure 
additions to those who might wish to join them ' for the enlargement of the Kingdom of Christ in the 
Congregational way,' and secure all other means of comfort, and subordination thereunto." In behalf, 
therefore, of the Committee, sundry propositions were submitted for which, as they were from " true 
men and not spies," a careful consideration was .solicited with a view to a return of a definite answer to 
each. 

Five conditions of willingness to settle under Dutch rule were submitted to Stuyvesant, and he 
refused assent to all of them, desiring especially to retain control of the election of officers and the right 
of appeal to the Dutch tribunals. These negotiations remained for a time in abeyance. 

Stuyvesant, however, was exceedingly an.xious to obtain such immigration, and in the winter of 
1662-3, Robert Treat, Philip Groves and John Gregory again communicated with him and found him 
disposed to make some concessions; he finally wrote home for instructions. In June, 1663. Mr. Treat 
wrote to Stuyvesant to inquire if the instructions had come, and complained of hindrances at home to 
the consummation of the scheme. 

Styuvesant's instructions, which finally arrived, bearing date March 23, 1663, urging him to secure 
the English for subjects by every means and every concession if necessary. Stuyvesant replied to Treat 



14 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

July 20, inviting him to come, and reserving only a formal confirmation of officers and the right of 
appeal in important causes and in capital cases, unless the criminal party confessed. The rapid succes- 
sion of events checked the transaction with the Dutch at this point. The high-handed discourtesy of 
the Connecticut Legislature united for a time all the New Haven factions in opposition to W'inthrop's 
Charter and led to important action on the part of the colonists. In January, 1664, the General Court for 
the Jurisdiction voted that "The Committee shall treate with Captain Scott about getting a pattent for 
Delaware." 

The simimer of 1644 brought the unexpected surrender of the New Netherlands to the Duke of 
Vork, on the 13th of December following — New Haven, Branford and Guilford voted to submit to 
Connecticut. One week after the surrender to Connecticut had been recorded, a letter was addressed 
i)y William Jones, magistrate of New Haven, to Colonel NichoUs, depicting the great "wrong and 
injury" of the Colony at Delaware Bay. "The Indians of whom we purchased the land there do owne 
our right and much desire the coming of the English." It was hoped that " A further search of our 
records may be further improved by your honor as your wisdom shall think fit." 

Appeals to Colonel Nicholls were futile. In the meantime, Governor Philip Carteret arrived and 
fixed his capitol at Elizabctlitowii. In August, 1665, he sent letters to New England, offering to settlers 
every civil and religious privilege. A committee, consisting of Robert Treat and one or two other 
prominent men of Millford, was dispatched to New Jersey to satisfy the community that the picture 
presented of the great advantages to be derived was not overdrawn. Reference has been made to the 
fact that unsuccessful attempts had been made at different times, to plant an offshoot of the New Haven 
Colony on the banks of the Delaware, and it seems that the Millford committee first turned their steps 
thither with a view of selecting a site near the present Burlington. But not being pleased with what 
they saw in West Jersey, they returned and visited Governor Carteret at Elizabeth, at whose suggestion 
they determined upon a location on the Passaic. It is said that a formal agreement, comprising fifteen 
articles, was entered into after a full discussion of the provisions of the " concessions," but the document 
is lost. There was probably a reference to it in the record of a Town Meeting at New Haven, 
December 4, 1665. " Mr. Jones tolde thee towne about Delaware. The Articles were reatl antl it was 
said that a Committee for the ordering of that affayre was appointed." 

As the concessions required all land to be taken u[j under a warrant fri^m the Governor, and as Treat 
and his companions were equally decided in requiring an extinguishment of the Indian title prior to 
settlement, these mutual requirements were considered satisfactorily met by Carteret's furnishing Treat 
w itli a letter to the Sachem having control of the desired tract, requesting him to give the immigrants 
possession, and promising to pay therefor, there having been some prior negotiations for the land. " On 
the subject of real estate in the New World," says Bancroft, " the Puritans difTercd from the lawyers 
widely; asserting that the heathen, as a part of the lineal descendants of Noah, had a rightful claim to 
their lands." Charged with this document. Treat and his friends returned to Connecticut to make 
arrangements for the removal, and early in the Spring of 1666, the first immigrants from Milford em- 
barked for New Jersey. The record states that "At a meeting touching the intended design of many 
of the inhabitants of Branford the following was subscribed: Dcut. i, 13; Ex. xviii, 2; Dent. x\ii, 15; 
Jere. xxxvi, 21. ('Take you wise men and understanding, and known amoug your tribes, and I will 
make them rulers over you.' 'Moreover, thou shalt provide out of all the people able men, such as fear 
God, men of truth, hating covetousness ; and place such over them to be rulers of thousands, of hun- 
dreds, rulers of fifteen, and rulers of tens, etc.) i. That none shall be admitted freemen, or free 
burgesses within our town upon Passaic River, in the province of New Jersey, but such planters as are 
members of some or other of the Congregational churches ; nor shall an)- but such be chosen to magis- 
tracy ; or to carry on civil judicature, or as deputies or assistants to have power to vote in establishing 
hiws, and making or repealing them, or to any chief military trust or office; nor shall any but such 
church members have any vote in such elections; though all others admitted to be planters ha\e right 
in their pro[)er inheritance, and do so and shall enjoy all other civil liberties and privileges according to 



The Founders and IU'ii.ders of the Oranges. 15 

all laws, orders, grants, which arc or shall licrcaftor be made for this town. 2. We shall, witii care and 
dilij^ence, provide for maintain. mce of the purity of rehgion as professed in Congregational churches." 
Wliereunto inscribed the inhabitants from Branford : 

Jasper Crane, Aura Pierson, Sam'i, Swaine, Lawrance Ward, 

Thomas Blatchi.v, Samuel Plum, Josl\h Ward, Samuel Rose, 

Thomas Pierson, John Warde, John Catling, RiniARD Harrison, 

EliENEZER CaNI-IELD, JoHN VVaRL) SENIOR, EU. HaLL, JoHN HARRISON. 

John Crane, Thos. Huntington, Delivered Crane. Aaron Blatciily. 

John Johnson, (his mark), Thomas L. Lvun (his mark). 

Most of these signers moved with Mr. Pierson to Newark. They went by vessel down Long Island 
Sound. There is a tradition that Elizabeth Swaine, the daughter of Samuel, was the first to land on 
the shore of Newark, having been merrily handed up the bank by her gallant lover, Israel Ward, in his 
ambition to secure for her that mark of priority. She was then nineteen years of age. 

The omission on the part of Treat, to deliver promptly the letter to the Indians, with which he was 
furnished by Carteret, and to complete the arrangements for the occupancy of the desired tract, was the 
cause of unexpected embarrassment and delay. On attempting to land their goods at some point on 
the river, they were warned off by Indians on the ground, who claimed to be the owners, and informed 
them that they had not yet parted with their right thereto. The goods were therefore reladen and a 
report of the circumstances made to the Governor. 

In the interview that followed, these difficulties were probably removed. Samuel Edsall, a resident 
on Bergen Neck, to whom the neighboring chiefs had become known through several negotiations with 
them that he had conducteil, both on his own account and as interpreter for others, was authorized by 
Carteret to effect the purchase. Accompanied by Treat and some others of the newcomers, he 
proceeded up the Hackensack to confer with those who claimed to be the proprietors of the land west 
of the Passaic. In Treat's account of the negotiations, he says: "One Perro laid claim to the said 
Passaic lands, which is now called Newark, and the result of our treaty was, that we obtained of a body 
of said Indians to give us a meeting at Passaic, and soon after they came, all the proprietors, viz.: 
Perro, and his kindred, with the Sagamores that were able to travel, Orton being very old, but approved 
of Perro's acting ; and then w-e acted by the advice, order and approbation of the said Governor ( who 
was troubled for our sakes) and also of our interpreters, the said Governor approving of them (one John 
Capteen, a Dutchman, and Samuel Ed.sall), and was willing and approved that we should purchase a 
tract of land for a township." 

A bill of sale was made out, arrangements made for taking possession, and soon the little party, 
relieved from their close quarters on board the vessels, were established on the site of the contemplated 
town. 

While these preliminary measures were being consummated, an opportunity was afforded for the 
preparation and execution of written stipulations with certain agents from Guilford and Branford — who 
iiad either been fellow passengers with the Milford people, or had arrived subsequently — that the set- 
tlers from those places should be permitted to join in forming one common township, provided definite 
intimations to that effect should be received prior to the ensuing 1st of November. The meeting at 
which this agreement was made was held, i)robably, on board of one of the vessels lying " near Eliz- 
abethtown," on the 2ist of May, and was verified by the signature of Robert Treat for the Milford 
people, and Samuel Swain for those of Guilford and Branford, on the 24th of the same month; it being, 
they say, their " desire to be of one heart, and consent, through God's blessing, with one hand they 
may endeavor the carrying on of spiritual concernments, as also civil and town affairs, according to God 
and a godly government." 

The document signed by the peo[)lc of Branford, already referred to, was dispatched to Milford, 
and in the ensuing month the inhabitants "declared their consent and readiness " to conform to its 



i6 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



requirements. Subsequently, at a meeting on the 24th of June, 1C67, shortly after the arrival of the 
Uranford families, the Milford men also subscribed to the document. The following is a list of names in 
their order: 



Robert Treat, Obadiah Bruen, 

Jeremiah Pecke, Michael Tompkins, 

John Browne, John Rogers, 

Rohekt KiTCIlELL, his mark, 

RoBEUT V. LvMENS, his mark. 

Daniel Tichenor, John Baldwin, Sen., 

TiioM. Johnson, 
his mark. 

Zechakiah Burwell. 



Geo. Day. 
Ei'HRAiM Burwell, 
Nath'l Wheeler. 
RoiiiiKT English, 
Eph'.m 1'ennington, 
A/.ARiAii Crane, 



Matthew Camfield. Samuel Kitchei.l. 

Stephen Freeman, Henry Lyon, 

Stephen Davis, Edward Rigs, ' 

J. B. Brooks, his mark, 

Francis V. Linle, his mark, 

John Baldwin. Jr., John Tompkins, 

John Curtis, 

Robert R. Dennison, 

William Campe. 



Hauns Albers, 
Martin Tichenor, 
Samuel Lyon, 



Thomas Morris, 
John Browne, Jr., 
Joseph Riggs, 



his mark, 

Joseph Walters, 
Hugh Roberts, 
Jona. Seargeant, 
Stephen Bond. 



The arrangement entered into with the Indians through the agency of Samuel Edsall, which 
preceded the settlement, was perfected by the execution of a more formal instrument at a conference 
with them held "at the head of the Cove of Bound Broi)k," July 1 1, 1667, which defines the boundaries 
as follows: 

That Wee. the said Wapannick, the Sakaniaker, Wamesane Peter, Captamin. Wecaprokikam, Napeani. Perawe, Sessom, 
Maniustonie, Cacanakrue, and Harish, doe, for ourselves and With Consent of the Indians, Bargain, sell and deliver, a Certain 
tract of Land, Upland and Meadow of all sorts; Wether Brooks, Rivers, Swamps, Springs, fishings. Trees of all sorts. 
Quarries and Mines, or Metals of what sort soever. With full liberty of hunting and fouling upon the same. Excepting Liberty 
of hunting for the above said proprietors that were upon the upper cummons, and of fishing in the above said Pesayak River : 
which tract of Land is bounded and Limited with the bay Eastward, and the great River Pesayak Northward, the great Creke 
or River in the meadow running to the head of the Cove, and from thence bareing a West Line for the South bounds, wh. said 
Great Creke is Commonly Called and known by the name of Weequachick on the West Line backwards in the Country to the fool 
of the great mountain called Watchung, being as is Judged, about seven or eight miles from Pesayak town ; the said Mountaine 
as Wee are Informed, hath one branch of Elizabethtown River running near the said foot of the mountaine ; the bounds 
northerly, viz : Pesayak River reaches to the Third River above the towne, y River is called Yauntakah : and from thence 
upon a northwest line to the aforesaid mountaine ; all of which before mentioned Lands for the several kinds of them, and all 
the singular benefits and Privileges Ijelonging to them, with y= sevral bounds affixed and expressed herein, as also free liberty 
and range for Cattle, horses, hoggs, and that though they range beyond any of the bounds in this Deed expressed, to feed and 
pasture Without Molestion or of damage to the owners of cattle &c., above said. Wee. the above said Indians, Wapamuck 
&c., doe sell, Aliienate, make over, and Confirm all Right, Title and Interest of us, our heires and Successors, for ever Unto 
the said Lands &c., as above mentioned, to Mr. Obadiah Bruen. Mr. Samuel Kitchell. Mr. Michael Tompkins. John Browne, 
and Robert Denison, townsmen and .-Xgents for y^ English Inhabitants of Pesayak, to them, their heires and associates for 
Ever ; to have hold and dispose of. Without Claim, Let or Molestation from ourselves or any other Whatsoever. These Lands, 
&c., are thus sold and delivered for and in consideration of fifty double hands of powder; one hundred b.irs of lead, twenty 
axes, twenty Coates, ten Guns, twenty Pistols, ten Kettles, ten Swords, four blankets, four barrells of beere, ten pair of 
breeches, fifty knives, twenty howes, eight hundred fathom of wampem, two Ankers of Liequers, or something Equivalent, 
and three troopers' Coates; these things are received, only a small number engaged to them by bill. etc. 

Eleven years later, on the 13th of March, 1678, the western limits of the tract were extended to the 
top of the moimtain by a deed from two other Indians, the consideration for the extension being " t«o 
guns, three coates and thirteen cans of rum." The boundary line of the town on the south, separating 
it from Elizabethtown, as agreed upon on the 20th of May, 1668, ran from " tlie lop of a little 
round hill named Divident hill : and from thence to run upon a northwest line into the country " until 
it reached the Watchung Mountain. The commissioners appointed for this work from Newark were 
Jasper Crane, Robert Treat, Matthew Camfield, Samuel Swaine and Thomas Johnson; from Elizabeth- 
town. John Ogden, Luke Watson, Robert liond and JetTrey Jones. 



The FouNnKRS and Huii.ders of the Oranges. 



«7 



It was proposed by the Milford settlers to call the new settieiiicnt after their own town in the New 
Haven Colony, and it was called Milford until the arrival of the Hranford people. Then, upon a formal 
orfjanization of the town government, the name was dropped and Newark substituted. The substitute 
appears to have been agreed upon in honor of Rev. Abraham Pierson, the first pastoral Shepherd of 
the [)lace, who came originally from Newark-on-Trent, and who, although second on the list of the 
Hranford emigrants, was second to none in the esteem and reverence of the entire community. In the 
old " Town Hook," which is still preserved, the name is written NeW-Worke. 

The territory thus acquired by moral right from the natives, and by legal right from the proprietors, 
included the present city of Newark, the city of Orange and the townships of East, West and South 
Orange, Bloomficld, Belleville, Clinton and Montclair. 

In the division of the lands, each settler received a "home lot" in the town laid out on the river, 
for which lots were drawn, the division being in strict conformity with Hebrew precedents — always the 
Puritanic model. There were, also, first, second and third divisions of the "upland," with an equitable 
distribution of the " bogged meadow." 




CHAPTER IV 



LAYING THK FOUNDATIONS OF A '-GODLY GOVERNMENT." 



ERECTION OF THE FIRST CHURCH EDIFICE IN NEWARK. 




I'"TER nearly thirty years of wanderings, the little band of expatriated New Haven colon- 
ists found at last their ideal "Canaan." Without counting the exodus from England to 
Lynn, Mass., there were then three removals within thirty years and each time in search 
of a " Government according to God." i. From Lynn to Southampton, L. I.; 2. Thence 
toBranford; 3. From Branford to New Jersey. It has been stated that Branford Church 
moved bodily to Newark ; this, however, is an exaggeration. Mr. Pierson was a more bit- 
ter partisan than Mr. Davenport, and the history of his flock was indeed a " moving" one. 
"Our Towne on Passaick " was fitly named by its founders, " New-Worke." It was 
to be a work of love. Recognizing as they did the " Fatherhood of God " and the 
" Brotherhood of Man," they built accordingly. A government was established in the 
wilderness, the fundamental principles of which were drawn from the Mosaic law. The history of this 
people for more than a quarter of a century was a repetition of God's chosen people under the rule and 
guidance of the judges and prophets. On entering the " land of Canaan," however, they did not 
attempt to "drive out the heathen," but lived at peace with their Indian neighbors. In the testimony 
of the Council of Proprietors at a later period, it is stated that: "We are well assured that since the 
first settlement of New Jersey, there is not one instance can be assigned of any breach of peace with 
the Indians thereof (though very few of the other provinces can say so as to their Indians), nor that any 
proprietor ever presumed to dispossess one of them, or disturb him in his possession ; but have always 
amicably paid them for their claims, from time to time, as they could agree with them." 

There was nothing false, nothing Pharisical about these Puritan settlers. They were brave and 
honest enough to say exactly what they meant and what they desired, and while they encouraged 
honest settlers to come among them, they embodied in their Fundamental Agreements the following 
article : "The planters agree to submit to such magistrates as shall be annually chosen b\- the Friends 
from among themselves, and to such laws as we had in the place whence we came." Another provision 
was as follows : 

''Item, It is agreed upon th.it in case any shall come into us or rise up amongst us that shall will- 
ingly or willfully disturb us in our Peace and .Settlements, and especially that would subvert us from the 
Religion and Worship of God, and cannot or will not keep their opinions to themselves, or be reclaimed 
after due time and means of conviction and reclaiming hath been used, it is unanimously agreed upon 
and consented unto, as a Fundamental Agreement and Order, that all (such) persons so ill-disposed and 
affected, shall, after notice given them from the town, quietly depart the place seasonably, the Town 
allowing them valuable consideration for their Lands and Houses as indifferent men shall price them, or 
else leave them to make the best of them to any Man the Township shall approve of." 

The capacity of this people for self-government was early tested. " Will you know," inquires 



TitE Founders and Ruilders of the Oranges. 19 

Hancroft, " witli how little government a community of husbandmen may be safe? For twelve years 
the whole province was not in a settled condition. From June, 1689, to Au^nist, 1692, East Jersey had 
no government whatever." The maintenance of order during this period rested wholly with the local 
authorities and with the people themselves. A town meeting was accordingly convened, March 25, 
16S9-90, to provide for the exigency. Hamilton, the Deputy Governor, having left for Furope the 
preceding August, it was "Voted, that there shall be a committee chosen to order all affairs, in as 
prudent a way as they can, for the safety and preservation of ourselves, wives, children and estates, 
according to the capacity we are in." The committee consisted of Mr. Ward, Mr. Johnson, Azariah 
Crane (^son of Jasper Crane), William Camp, Fdward Ball and John Hrown, "with those in military 
capacity." It was well for tlie little commonwealth, in those times of disorder, that they were qualified 
not only for "the carrying on of spiritual concernments," but also for the regulation of '' civil nitii lo'vn 
njfiitrs ciccorditii^ to God iiiid a godly government." It was not simply that they were a covtvtunity of 
liusbtindincH, as intiiiiatcd b\- the historian, that made them safe without the protection of provincial 
laws; they had a higher law, a more imperative rule of action, written upon the heart. 

Among the inducements held out to immigrants at an early period to settle in New Jersey, was 
that it was "worthy the name of Paradi.se," because in addition to its natural advantages it had " no 
lawyers, physicians or parsons." At this period, however, lawyers were in great demand, and it was said 
that '■ no men grow rich here so fast as gentlemen of the bar." The "parsons," too, exercised a potent 
influence on the local government. 

It was emphatically a Christian community that was established here, by no means faultless, but 
one that recognized the truth that " it is the river from which men drink and live, not such as they bend 
over to see themselves reflected in before they die, that flows untainted and perennial — a community in 
which religion was no abstraction, but a living, active, vivifying principle." 

An agreement entered into by the Founders of Newark and the Oranges, on the 30th of October, 
1666, provided first, "That none shall be admitted freemen or free IJurgesses within our Town upon the 
Passaic River, in the Province of New Jersey, but such Planters as are members of some or other of 
the Congregational Churches, nor shall any but such be chosen to Magistracy or to Carry on an\- part of 
Civil Judicature, or as Deputies or assistants, to have power to Vote in establishing Laws and making 
or repealing them, or to any Chief Military Trust or OfTice. Nor shall any but such Church Members 
have any Vote in any such elections; Tho' all others admitted to be planters have right to their proper 
Inheritance, and do and shall enjoy all other Civil Liberties and Privileges, according to all Laws, 
Orders, Grants, which are or hereafter shall be made for this Town. Second, We shall, with care and 
Dilligence, provide for the maintainance of the purity of I^eligion professeil in the Congregational 
Churches." Among the signers to this agreement are the names of Harrison, I^aidwin, Campe, Browne, 
Camfield and others who became the " Founders of the Oranges." 

After the first division of "home Lotts," " bogge Meadow," etc., the people turned their attention 
to the erection of a house of worship. The church organization known as the " First Church of 
Newark" was actually established before Newark was settled, it having been organized in Hranford, in 
1644. In October, 1666, the church, with its pastor, its deacons, its records, and the major portion of 
its congregation, was simply translated from Branford to Newark; so that its "church work" was 
really continued uninterruptedly. Dr. Steams saj's of it: "The First Church in Newark appears to 
be the oldest fully organized church in the State of New Jersey. On September to, 1668, steps were 
first taken to erect a place of worship. It was voted in the town meeting to 'build a meeting house as 
soon as may be." This was the central object of interest in every community of the Puritans. A joint 
letter sent in 1684 to the Proprietors in Scotland, by David Barclay, Arthur F"orbes and Gawen Lawrie, 
says: "The people being mostly New England men, do mostly incline to their w.iy; and in every town 
there is a meeting house, where they worship publich- every week. They have no public laws in the 
country for maintaining public teachers, but the towns that have them make way within themselves 
to maintain them." 



20 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

The whole town helped in the erection of the building. It was 36 feet in length, 26 feet in breadth 
and 13 feet between the joists, " with a leuter to it all the length, which will make it 36 feet square." 
The site selected was on the highway leading to the mountain ; it was said to be nearly opposite what is 
now Mechanic street, or in the corner of what is known as the old town burying ground. It stood then 
with its gable ends pointing to the north and south, and the broadside "nigh pointing on a square with 
the street," in the precise spot which Mr. Pierson the elder. Deacon Ward and Mr. Treat had assigned 
for it. It was Newark's first church edifice and first place of general business — the theatre of all 
important transactions, religious, civil, military, during the first half-century of its existence. There the 
townsmen, "after lecture," held their stated meetings and there, on any alarm, the brave soldiers of the 
little community assembled with their arms at the beat or the drum to defend their homes and altars, 
their little ones and their wives. 

A singular custom connected with this church and which prevailed among most, if not all the New 
England churches, was the social distinction observed in seating the members. "Concerning seating 
Persons in the Meeting-house, it was agreed that persons should be placed according to Office, Age, 
Estate, Infirmity and Desent of Parentage; by estate is meant that Estate as Persons purchased and took 
up Land by, together with the present Estate — comparing all these together." Michael Tompkins, whose 
son settled in that part of Newark now known as South Orange, was "appointed to do this work." 

In the Newark Town Records, it is recorded January i, 1666-7, "that John Baldwin, Junior, 
Thomas Pierson, Junior, Thomas Pierson, Senior, John Catlin, William Camp, Azariah Crane and 
George Day are chosen townsmen for the year ensuing. These townsmen are appointed to meet every 
lecture day in the afternoon." [The Baldwins, Piersons, Camps and Days are among the Founders of 
the Oranges.] 

Rev. Abraham Pierson, the " Moses" who led his people out of the wilderness to this New Canaan, 
was an old man when he came to Newark, and after twelve years faithful service, he was "gathered unto 
his people." He was succeeded by his son, who was his assistant during nine years of his pastorate. 
Others followed the younger Pierson and continued in the good old way. The sixth regular pastor of 
the First Church was Rev. Joseph Webb, a graduate of Yale, who was ordained by the Presbytery of 
Philadelphia, October 22, 1719. The Presbyterian ordination and settlement of Mr. Webb is the first 
indication which appears of the people turning aside from the " Congregational way." Though the 
leanings of the second Pierson were toward Presbyterianism, the form of worship in his time and during 
the time of his successors until Mr. Webb's advent, was Congregational. There is no record of the 
precise time of the change. The difference between the two forms was, comparatively, so slight that 
from the first, in New England and New Jersey, persons of both persuasions lived in peace, harmony 
and good fellowship together, except when firebrand zealots appeared in their midst and sowed discord. 
About the year 1682, when half the twenty-four Proprietors were Scotch, great numbers of that race 
arrived and settled in New Jersey, and the historian Grahame remarks that " American Society was 
enriched with a valuable accession of virtue that had been refined by adversity and piety and invigor 
ated by persecution." 



C'HAI'>TKR V. 



SETTLEMENT WITHIN THE TERRITORY OE THE TRESENT ORANGES. 




>^^ 




PURCHASE OF LANDS. DISCOVERY OF COPPER MINES. 

E boundaries of Newark, a.s described in its cliarter, dated Aprieil y"= I2tli, 1715, were 
as follows: " Hounded Easterly by a Great Creek that runs from Hackingsack Bay 
throui,di y<^ Salt Meadow called by the Indians, Wequahick, and now known by 
y Name of Hound Creek, and Continuing from the head of y" said Creek to the head 
of a Cove to a Markt Tree; from thence it Extended Westerly upon a Straight Line. 
by Computation, Seven Miles be the Same more or less, to the End or foot of the 
Great Mountain and to the Ridge thereof, called by the Indians, Wachung, near 
where Runs a branch of the Railway River ; from thence Extending on a Northerly 
Course along the Ridge of the Said Mountain to a heap of Stones Erected to 
Ascertain the boundary between the s'd Town of Newark and the Town of Achquick- 
atnuck; from thence running a Southeast Course by Achquickatnuck Bound Line, to where the brook 
or Rivulet called by the Indians Yantokah, but now known by the name of Third River, Emptieth itself 
into i'assayack River, and from thence Continuing Down along by the said Passaick River and 
Hackingsack Hay to the mouth of the said Hound Creek." 

As the population increased, the settlement on the Passaic River began to spread itself toward the 
mountain and in the direction of what is now known as the Oranges. Lands were assigned to parties 
near to and on the Mountain soon after the settlement at Newark began. By the survey of land made 
in 1G67, " Widow Hannah Freeman hath for her division of upland lying near the Mountain, containing 
40 acres, bounded with Sergeant Richard Harrison, North, and by the common. South and East, and 
with the top of the Mountain, West." 

Robert Symon, by warrant dated August 19, 1675, had forty-four acres, " part of his third division 
on the mountain," bounded northwest by the mountain; northeast, by lands of John Baldwin, Sr.; 
southeast, by Captain Samuel Swaine, and southwest, by Richard Harrison. 

August 28, 1675, Samuel Swaine had forty acres at the foot of the mountain, bounded on the 
north by John Baldwin, Sr., and on the west by Robert Symon and Richard Harri.son, and on the east, 
by Richard Harrison, and on the south by the Common. 

John Baldwin, Sr., had, September 10, 1675, for his third division, forty acres near the mountain. 
and bounded north by Capt. Samuel Swaine and John Catlin, on the east i)y Richard Harrison, on the 
south by John Ward, on the west by the top of the mountain. 

February 13, 1678-9. " //<•>«. — Anthony Oleff doth confess his Fault in taking up land and meadow 
contrary to the Town Order, and doth freely submit to the town's Dispose. And upon his Desire, he 
is admitted a Planter." 

"//■«•;//.— Anthony Oleff hath granted to him forty Acres of Land at the Mountain, which was laid 
out to him by the Surveyor." j 

September 27, 1680. " //cw.— Nathaniel Wheeler, Edward Riggs and Joseph Riggs have a Grant to 
take up Land upon the upper Chestnut hill by Rahway River, near the Stone House, provided they | 
exceed not above fifty acres apiece." 

At what time the settlement began at the Mountain is nnt known, but from the description given 



22 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

under the head of " Earl)' Roads," it is evident that there were at least three dwellings on the side 
of the mountain previous to 1705, viz.: The Stone house in South Orange, Nathaniel Wheeler's and 
Anthon}' Oleff's in what is now Button Park, near the site of the stone bridge in Llewellyn Park. 
The Anthony Oleff farm was bounded on the south by Samuel Harrison, on the west by the mountain, 
and on the north and east by unsurveyed lands. It included on its northern border the street now 
known as Valley Road, or that part near Tory Corners. 

Richard Harrison had fifty acres on the north side of Widow Freeman's lot ; also fifteen acres 
" upon the branch of Rahway River, bounded on the west by John Catlin and John Baldwin Sr., on the 
east by a small brook running from the mountain, and on the north and south by the common." 

Thomas Johnson's tract, granted in 1679, of about fifty acres, lay at the foot of the mountain, 
bounded by the lands of John Ward Sr., and John Ward. Jr. 

"On June 13, 1679, Fifty-nine acres of upland were surveyed to Joseph Harrison. It was bounded 
on the north by lands of Benjamin Harrison, and on the northwest by Perroth's Brook." 

In March, 1685, Paul, George and Samuel Day, sons of George Day, "had surveyed to thcni sixt\- 
acres of land, bounded on the west b\- the mountain, on the south by Matthew Williams' land, on the 
east by Wigwam Brook, and on the north by the common." 

About 16SS, iMatthew Williains exchanged with George Day part of his Newark property for lands 
bounded by the mountain, Wigivam Brook and the lands of Samuel Day. This property was located 
in that part of West Orange known during and after the Revolutionary War as " Tory Corners." 
Under the head of "Early Roads," described as "Another Highway from the wa\- at the foot of the 
Mountain, running up to the top of the Mountain on the North side of Amos Williams' House," it is 
clearly shown that there was a dwelling here some time previous to 1705. This house is said to have 
been built by Matthew, the father of Amos Williams. 

Matthew Williams, with others, was admitted a planter in 1680, " provitled they pay their ]iurchase 
for lands as others have done." There is no evidence to show that any of the above named farms were 
under improvement or occupied as places of residence before 1680. 

Whether Daniel Dod built his house at what was afterwards called " Dodd Town " before the 
street or highway to that point was laid out. is not known. The celebrated "Bill in Chancery" 
mentions surveys for Daniel Dod, in 1679, by warrant from the Proprietors. 

Discovery and Successful Operation of Copper Mines. It was soon after the settlement 
at the mountain and the opening of the roads connecting therewitli that a copper mine at Belleville 
and another on the John Dod farm near the present Bloomfield line was discovered. The first 
discovery, in 1719, was on the plantation of Arent Schuyler, opposite Belleville. It was a part of what 
was then known as Barbadoes Neck, which extended from the bay between the entrance of the two 
rivers, Hackensack and Passaic, about seven miles north to ]5oiling Spring, now known as Rutherford 
Park. The property was purchased from Edmund Kingsland. 

A negro slave, while employed in the field, turned up a greenish heavy stone from the soil which 
attracted his attention, not only on account of its color, but of its unusual weight. He took it to 
his master who had it forwarded to England, where it was assayed and shown to contain eight)- per 
cent, of pure copper. 

Arent Schuyler, during his lifetime, did not work the mine with such energy and profit as his son 
John afterwards did, yet he sent to the l?ritish Copper and Brass Foundry, England, thirteen hundred 
and eighty-six tons of rich copper ore. 

Shortly after the discovery of the Schuyler mine, copper in large quantities was found on the lands 
of John Dod, who owned about 500 acres, extending from a line a little west of the Bethel Presbyterian 
Church north and northeast towards Bloomfield. Articles of agreement between John Dod, and Gideon 
Van Winkle and Johannes Cowman, all of Newark, dated February 24, 1720 (still in the hands of his 
descendants), grants free liberty for the term of twenty-five years " to search for and tlig in any of the 
lands or any part of the lands belonging" to John Dod, "within the limits of his patent, or other 



TiiK Founders and Huii.ders of the Oranc.es. 23 

patent, by which he liolds his land in the bounds of Newark, not undermining any building or buildings, 
to seek for any mines, minerals, copiier or any other metals or ore whatsover." The expenses and 
profits were to be equally shared by both parties. A stamping mill was erected on the stream and the 
mine was operated by these parties for several years. 

Another deed, dated October 8th, 1735 (now in the hands of John B. Dodd, son of Reuben \V.), 
in favor of William Roe, " for and in consideration of the sum of fifty pounds Currant money of this 
Province, * * ♦ doth Demise, Grant and Let * * * For and During the whole time and Term 
of Ten Years from that Twenty-forth Day of Fcbruar\-, shall be in the year of our Lord One Thousand 
Seven Huntlred and Forty-five, etc. * * * That the said William Roe, his heirs and assigns, sliall 
have full and free Liberty, power and authority from time to time and at all times to dig, make and sink 
.uiy pitt, shaft or trench in any or any part of the Lands beloni^'ing unto him, the said John Dod, within 
the IJounds or limits of his Patent by which he holds his lands, &c., in quest of any Oarc. mines, 
minerals. Copper or any other metalls or Oare whatsover. * * * 

" Hereby is Libert)- Granted unto the said William Roe, his heirs and asssigns, &c., * * 

Together with Liberty of both Wood and Timber to be gotten on any part of said Land for the 
carrying on of said work. * * * That if the said mine shall appear within the Bounds or Limits 
abovesaid and to continue Good as That it will answer in Effect the costs and expenses of s'' William 
Roe during the above Limited Term, then the said Dod shall have and be invested with the Right and 
property of one equal half of the Erected Engine and Stamping Mill, &c." * * * 

A bond of indemnity for the faithful performance, etc., was executed by William Roe, which 
recites " That \, William Roe, of Newark, in the County of Essex, and Eastern Devision of Nova 
Ceserea, in America, Gen"", am Holden and stand firmly Bound unto John Dod, of the Town, County 
and Devision of aforesaid, Miller, in the full and first sum of One Thousand Pounds Currant Lawful 
money of this Province," &c. 

The terms of the above lease were never completed, as appears by the following: "Articles of 
Agreement made and concluded upon this Eighteenth Day of October, Anno Domini One Thousand 
Seven hundred and Thirty-nine, being the Thirteenth year of the Reign of our Soveraign, Lord George 
the Second, by the Grace of God, of Great Britain, France and Ireland, King, &c., by and between 
I'rind Lucas of the City, County and Province of New York, merch', and Company, with him said Lucas 
concerned in the affairs of Mining, of the one Part, and John Dod, of Newark, in the County of Essex 
and Province of New Jersey, Miller, and Company, with him said Dod concerned in a Grist Mill (^Situate 
in Newark aforesaid, at the Mountain Plantations So Called, and upon a Stream or River commonly 
Called and Known by the name of Second River, of the other Part), Pursuant unto the undertakings 
and Covenant obligations of the Persons abovesaid, and more particularly to the End Due ; Trj-al and 
Search may be made in the Lands of said John Dod, on Rattlesnake Plain, by said Frind Lucas and 
Company, in quest of Ore, according to Compact, &c. The parties above mentioned do for themselves, 
their Executors, Administrators and Assigns, Covenant, agree and oblige themselves as they shall or 
may Concern each one or both of them. 

" The said John Dod and Company Doth hereby yield, Give and Grant unto him, the said Frind 
Lucas and Company, as aforesaid, their heirs and assigns, the whole and sole use and benefit or 
previliges of the Stream or River aforesaid from the Grist Mill, Dam or floom unto the mine works to 
make and carrj' up a Drift and Dead Water Level for the venting or Carrying off the water from the 
Mine or Course of Ore, in the lands aforesaid. The said Granted Previlige to be and Remain to 
them, said P"rind Lucas and Company, their E.xecutors and Assigns, during the whole term or time of 
their Lease in the Premeses. 

"Said Lucas and Company shall make and Carry up a Drift and Water Levell from the Dam or 
floom aforesaid unto a Certain Stationed Stone set up at the head or on the Race filled up and 
near by the side of the old Levell ; said Drift or Levell to be well secured with Stone and to be and 
bear in the bottom thereof three foot in Breadth when finished. 



y\ 



24 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

" It is Covenanted and Agreed and Concluded that tlie said John Dod and Company shall have 
the Liberty and Privilige to Erect and Set up a Grist Mill in or upon the Levell aforesaid, and to bring 
down a Stream or Course of water upon the Wheel of said Mill as may be thought most Convenient. 

" In case said Lucas and Company should find occasion to sink a pump in the aforesaid Levell and 
sett or Erect a Crank Engine to take the water off their works, it is agreed they shall have the use and 
benefit of the Stream or Course of water brought down as aforesaid, he paying said Dod and Company 
what Moneys, Charges or Expenses they shall have been at in Digging a Race, making a dam or 
otherwise Bringing it Down. 

" Tiie abovesaid Drift or Dead Water Levell shall be Carryed up as aforesaid and Compleated by or 
before the first day of April ne.xt ensuing the date of these Presents. And, moreover, in case the said 
Mill and Engine shall be Sett up and Erected and a Stream or Course of Water brought down as 
aforesaid, said Dod and Company shall have the use and benefit of so much of the same as shall be 
found over and above what may be necdfull to work or carry the aforesaid Engine. And for the True 
Performance and all and Singular the Articles, Covenants, Clauses, Conditions and Agreements herein 
Inserted and as above Specified, each and either of the Said Parties do hereby Bind themselves unto 
the other. In witness whereof, they have hereunto Interchangably met and sett their hands and Seals 
the Day and Year first above written. 

" Signed, Sealed and Delivered in presence of 

Frind Lucas, [seal] 

Samuel Fakmar, Clauser Case, [seal] 

Samuel Lardlem, Anekam Case, [seal] 

Daniel Taylor. Erasmus x Johos. [seal] 

mark 

Tradition says that the mine was successfully worked for several years and that large quantities of 
the ore were shipped to England. It was abandoned about 1760, or possibly sooner, on account of the 
water, the floor of the mine becoming lower than the creek, thereby arresting drainage. 

The entrance to the mine was large enough for the passage of a horse and cart, and within the 
recollection of people now living there were still traces of the excavation and quantities of debris 
surrounding it. About 1856, a sensational article appeared in one of the Newark papers, entitled "A 
Part of Orange Sunk !" The occasion of this was the sinking of a considerable surface of the earth 
near the entrance to the mine, caused, probably, by the decay of the timber supports of the mine 
beneath. 

In two of the contracts made by John Dod — one in 1715, the other in 1745 -it will be noticed that 
provision was made for a " crank engine" and it is fair to presume that the engine or engines were 
provided in accordance therewith, yet it is claimed that the steam engine brought over in 1753 for the 
Belleville mine was the first ever brought to this country. The burden of proof rests with these 
claimants to show that the Dod mine, which was worked successfully for twenty or twenty-five years, 
with a stipulation in both contracts providing for a steam engine, none was ever used. 



CHAFTKK VI. 

THE MOUNTAIN SOCIETY. 
THE LAND CONTROVERSY. THE FIR.ST GRIST MH.L. S.WV MH.LS, ETC. 

,frj^atfm 1 1 H roads and highways to the mountains, the population gradually increased and the 

<^ a'M "^S M settlers in the whole section of country embraced in what is now Montclair, the Oranges 

=''ini!wyf* ''"'^ Bloomfield were united together under the name of TilE MOUNTAIN SociKTY. 

; :5^^t J Among the old papers preserved by the trustees of the First Presbyterian Church, of 

^J^^*f - Orange, is a deed of twenty acres of land sold by Thomas Gardner to Samuel Freeman, 
y Samuel Pierson, Matthew Williams and Samuel Wheeler, and the Society at the Mountain 

• '^_P''> associated with them, which bears date January 13, 1719. 

'v^^T^'- The settlers at the mountain erected their meeting-house, called their pastor. Rev. 

(S(^ Daniel Taylor, made man\- improvements in the locality and became a separate and 

' distinct community. They lived in peace and quietness for several years until about 

1734, when the land troubles began. In 1702, the agitation and excitement of the people who found 
the way of progress blocked bj- the jealousies and rivalries of the East New Jersey Proprietors, 
culminated in disturbance and confusion. The proprietors, finding their embarrassments increasing, 
voluntarily surrendered the right of their government, but not their right to the soil. The surrender of 
their government rights was accepted by Queen Anne, April 17, 1702. It was stipulated, among the 
conditions of the transfer, that "the crown disclaims all right to the province of New Jersey other than 
the government, and owns the soil and quit-rents, &c., to belong to the said General Proprietors ; and the 
Governors are directed not to permit any other person or persons besides the said General Proprietors 
to purchase any land whatsoever from the Indians within the limits of the grant." By an act of the 
Assembly, published in November, 1703, after the arrival of Lord Cornbury, not only all the Indian 
purchases which had not been made by the Proprietors before that time were declared null and void 
unless grants for them were obtained within six months, but also all who should thereafter make 
purchases of the Indians except Proprietors (and they only in the manner prescribed by the act), should 
forfeit forty shillings per acre for every acre so purchased. 

The point matle in defense of this stringent prohibition was, " Has not the crown of England a 
right to those void or unhabited countries which are discovered by any of its subjects? Has not the 
crown of England a right to restrain its subjects from treating with any heathen nation whatsoever? 
Has not the crown of England at least granted that right to the proprietors by the grants of New 
Jersey under the great seal of England?" 

At this juncture the settlers of Newark, still intent upon the possession of the tract beyond the 
First Mountain and unmindful of the claims of the proprietors, made purchase directly from the 
Indians of the land " westward or nurthwest of Newark within the compass of the Passaick River, and 
so southward unto Miiuiisink Path, viz., all lands as yet unpurchased of the heathen." The deed was 
executed by Loantique, Taphow, Manshum and divers other Indians. This document was lost by fire 
in the house of Jonathan Pierson, in Newark, about the year 1744. It bore date March, 1701-2. This 
deed was confirmed through renewal by King Quiehtoe. King Tischewokamin, Shaphoe and Taupis, as 
the successors and heirs of the original grantors. It was executed March 14, 1744-5. The amount 
paid for the tract of thirteen thousand five hundred acres was one hundred and thirty pounds New 



26 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

York currency, or about three hundred and twenty-five dollars. This tract included the section from 
Fullerton's Urook, below Swinefield liridye, to a point near Little Falls, and between Second Mountain 
and Passaic River. 

The townspeople of Newark, to the number of one hundred and one individuals, assumed 
themselves to be joint proprietors of this tract Ij'ing west of the First Mountain which the\- caused to be 
divided in lots or shares. During the period to 1740, the section acijuired a \er_\- limited population. 
From 1734 to 1750, the settlers were greatly harrassed bj' the se\eral proprietors, who demanded 
payment for lands occupied. The first organized opposition to this demand began with the inhabitants 
of the Mountain Society in 1734, as shown by the following /irci/w/A- copj- of an agreement entered into 
by the planters to defend their rights: 

cut ■eL-yna/'Lna_^: H^ue^^/^ /s~ y>2^ ■ 

A'av^rX' floue^^v.^^ V^ <? Rn'^ar^^^-*^ ^>3H -^"^ ^~^ ^^~^ '"^ ^A.'^''"V_ 

'^^t. ^' Ju-^SriJeA^ g^TT^^cteriti t^tlt^a^ '^>'Z^^z«'^^!'a-^J^c/^^i^gf -^g-^ 

■ ijiti^oJA, a£^(i^<4 ^JU.^ Bjv^ ■^iJ^tKe/^'i^PASLt-eyx^ (^ ^eyjoay^/., Yi.^^,'MZY /C ^ 

^t §Q,euJi 9<u)rr.c^ err. gLatei . ^ -^Ji^ /.,. /^^. 

The proprietors used reasonable persuasion to induce the settlers to purchase or lease their holdings, 
but a long controversy followed. Several riots occurred, the jail at Newark was raided upon se\eral 
occasions to release those who had been imprisoned for unlawful transactions in opposition to the 
rights and claims of the proprietors. The jail was broken open on Januar)- i, 1746, when the rescuing 
party were led by Mr. Thomas Gould in person, who carried a flag. On November 13. 1749, the house 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



27 



of Abraham Phillips, of Horseneck, one of the parties who recognized the proprietors' claims, was 
brokxn open, the owner turned out and a stock of oats burned. The people became very much excited 
at this juncture and in March following, the acts of the rioters caused general alarm. 

Tile General Proprietors referred their claims to the courts and the long suit-at-law following 
resulted disastrously to the settlers. Many lost their homes, while others were reduced to the extremcst 
straits in repurchasing the lands for which they had previously paid and which they had improved by 
years of tnil. There were thirty-live families, however, found in the northwest portion of Horseneck, 
several of whom were bona fide purcliasers from other proprietors, whose transactions dated as far back 
as 1716. Their titles were confirmed. The remaining families shared the persecutions and disasters of 
their neighbors to the east and south whose titles were held to be void, and all were dispossessed. 

The First Grist Mill /// the Townc of Ncivark. •• Town Meeting, 3plt Mare/i, i6jo, the motion 
of setting up the building of a Mill in our Town of Newark. The Town at length Made a full agree- 
ment with Mr. Robert Treat and Serg't Ricli'd Harrison about the Building and Maintaining of a 
Sufficient Corn Mill, to be set upon the Little Brook called the Mill Brook, with suitable Necessary's 
and Making the Dams and all oiher Provisions needfull for and belonging to the s^ Mill, and furnishing 
the same with a gooil Miller, and to keep it in good repair; to grind all the Town's Grists into Good 
Meal, giving such due Attendance thereto as the Town being the one party and the owners of s"" Mill 
the other party shall from time to time and at all times Agree upon, for the Twelfth part of Indian 
Corn and the Sixteenth of all other Grain. And for their Encouragement to sit upon the Work with 
as Speed as they can, and upon their Effecting and Maintaining thereof, the s<^ Town doth promise and 
agree to and with the s'* Treat and Harrison that they shall have the sole privilege of the s'' Brook, not 
prejudicing Common Highways, with all of the Town's Grists from time to time, all Stones capable of 
Millstones in the Town's utmost limits and hounds, with ,ill the Timber that was prepared for it by Jos. 
Horton, with two days' work of every Man and Woman that holds an Allotment in the town, with all 
the Lands formerly Granted to Jos. Horton entailed to the Mill in all respects as their own Lands 
during the Time and Term of their ILuing and Upholding the s'' Mill, they being not to be Alienated 
or disposetl from the Mill without the Consent of the Town; and also Thirty Pounds to be paid to the 
s'' Crane and Harrison, their Heirs or Assigns, at or before the first of March next, in Good Wheat, 
Pork, Beef or one-fourth in Good Indian Corn, at such Prices as may be like to procure Iron, Millstones 
or the Workmen's Wages, viz.: Winter Wheat at 5s. per bushel; Summer do. at 4s. jd.; Pork, 3d. per 
lb ; Beef at 2d., and Indian Corn at 2s. 6d. per bush"l ; and upon these Conditions the said Town, with 
their two inhabitants aforesaid, have Mutually Bargained and agreed for the carrying on this Work." 

The first grist mill erected in Orange 
was that of John Dod, a miller by 
trade, which is shown by leases and 
contracts now in the hands of his des- 
cendants to have been built previous to 
1735. It was located upon the north 
side of Seconil River at the point where 
Midland Avenue now crosses it. It was 
reached by a narrow road leading in 
from the Doddtown Road (now Dodd 
Street) at a point a few feet east of 
where Brighton Avenue now intersects 
that highway. It was owned and oper- 
ated at that time by John Dod and 
continued to be used as a grist mill for 
more than a hundred years. For a 
period of about twenty years, it was Hi.urftOnsiM. lUuUnTf U«dJ, Tiuiurnur 




28 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

leased to certain parties as a woolen mill. About ten years before the death of David Dod, it came 
into the possession of Reuben W., his son, who again converted it into a grist mill, and it was run by 
him in connection with his store, in Orange, for about twenty-five years. 

The accompanying engraving represents the mill as it was in 1856. Some time later, the wing or 
miller's living department, was separated from the main building anil moved about 200 feet east in order 
to accommodate the proposed Midland Avenue, which it would have completely obstructed. The 
supply of water from Second River which for more than a hundred years had furnished sufficient power 
to run the mill, gradually diminished, and during the last few years of its existence, steam power was 
introduced and other improvements made. This ancient landmark, connecting the past with the 
present, remained intact until December 24, 188-, when it was destroyed by fire, and .soon after, during 
a severe autumn storm, the dam was broken down, the stream returned to its natural course and, with 
this exception, nothing remains to mark the spot where, more than a century and a half ago, the first 
stamping mill and the first grist mill were erected and the stream first arrested in its course to supply 

the power to run them. 

'■ I wandered by the brookside, 
I wandered by the mill ; 
I could not hear the brook flow, 
The noisy wheel was still." 

Saw Mills. The first houses built by the settlers of Newark were doubtless of hewn timber. 
The Newark Town Records of June 19, 1695, contain the following: "Thomas Davis hath Libert)' to 
set up a Saw Mill to have the use of timbers in any common Lands, provided he shall let any of 
tlie Inhabitants have Boards as cheap as others and before Strangers." This is supposed to have been 
the saw mill on Toney's Brook (the main tributary of Second River) on a site near the pond above the 
recent Wheeler's paper mill, in Montclair. In the survey made to Jacob Arents in 1718, near Rahwa)- 
River (in South Orange), and the line dividing Newark and Elizabcthtown, reference is made in the 
descrijjtion of the boundaries to the "5i chains below saw mill." 

Samuel Harrison's saw mill, on Wigwam Brook, was built about 1728. A man by the name of 
Sandford was the millwright. The mill stood on the present Washington, near Day Street, in Orange. 

The Dod saw mill, located a short distance north of Dodd Street, near Glenwood Avenue, is said 
to have been in use for a century and a half. It was probably built soon after the copper mine was 
opened. It was torn down in 1886. 

Other mills were in existence here at a very early period, and as the wants of the colonists increased 
the facilities also increased. Many of the early houses were built of sawed boards and timber ; the red 
sandstone or freestone, however, began to be quarried as early as 1721 and a number of houses were 
erected of this material. 



CHAPTKl-'? Vll 




ORANGE IN THK WAR Ol 11 1 1". REVOLUTION. 

IvEVIOUS to tlie Revolution. Orange was c]i\idcd into several localities which were 
tlcsignated bj- the names of the families who had settled in each. IJetween Hrick 
Church and Grove Street it was known as Pecktown ; the Orange Valley was known 
as Freemantown ; in the vicinity of Washington Street ant! Valley Road it was 
known as Williamstown, and later as Tory Corners. 

The whole of East New Jersey suffered to a greater or less extent by the incur- 
sions of Hritish troops and their Hessian hirelings. At two different periods of the 
Revolution, Orange was exposed to the raids of the British, and on two separate 
occasions Washington was encamped in the immediate vicinitj'. The first was on his 
retreat through New Jersey in November, 1776. The American army had suffered a 
series of disasters beginning with the battle of Long Island, in August, followed by that of Kip's Kay, 
in September, the forced evacuation of New York, the defeat at White Plains, in October, and lastly 
the defeat and capitulation of the troops at Fort Washington, on the i6th of November. From Fort 
Lee, on the opposite side of the Hudson, Washington, with General Greene and Tom Paine, witnessed 
the defeat of the little band of patriots but could afford no relief. 

On the Joth of November, four days after the capture of Fort Washington, Lord Cornwallis, with 
an arm\- of five thousand troops, crossed the Hudson from Uobb's Ferry on the cnsl side to Clostcr 
Landing between Dobb's P'crry and Fort Lee, to the zvfst bank of the Hudson and, with artillery, 
climbed a steep rocky road to the top of the Palisades unobserved by Greene. Washington was notified 
early in the morning by a courier from Tappan. Greene fied in haste from Fort Lee with two thousand 
men leaving behind cannon, tents, stores and camp equippage, barely escaping capture. Washington 
covered the retreat of the garrison so effectually that less than one hundred stragglers were made 
prisoners. 

Li a letter from Gen. Washington dated Hackensack. Nov. 19, 1776, he says: "The unhappy affair 
of the i6th has been succeeded by further misfortunes. Yesterday morning a large body of the enemy 
landed between Dobb's Ferry and Fort Lee. Their object was evidently to enclose the whole of our 
troops and stores that lay between the North and the Hackensack Rivers, which form aver)- narrow neck 
of land." * * * 

Washington pressed forward with his little army until he reached the Passaic River. \n a letter 
dated Acquackanonck, 3ist November, 1776, he writes: * * * " After the unfortunate loss of Fort 
Washington it was determined to evacuate Fort Lee in a great measure, as it was in a manner useless 
in obstructing the passage of the North River without the assistance of Fort Washington. * * * 
Finding we were in the same danger of being put between Hackensack and Passaic Rivers that we had 
been between the North and the Hackensack, and also finding tiie country, from the levelness and open- 
ness, unfit for making a stand, it was determined to draw the whole of our force over this side of the river, 
where we can watch the operations of the enemy without danger of their surrounding us or making a 
lodgement in our rear." 

Washington continued his march to Newark where he arrived on the evening of the 22d of November. 
Following slowly in pursuit came the British troops under the command of Cornwallis. Washington 



30 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

encamped in wliat was then the village of Newark from the 22d until the morning of the 28th. In the 
meantime he had his lookouts at Eagle Rock and at other points on the mountain watching the 
approaching enemy. On the morning of the 2Sth of November, the sixth day after his entry, 
Washington departed from Newark on the retreat southward. Just as the American troops moved out, 
the advance guard of Cornwallis mo\cd in from the north. Instead of pressing forward in pursuit, the 
British troops remained at Newark until the morning of December ist, when they resumed their march 
and came witliin firing distance of the rear guard of Washington as the guards crossed the Raritan 
River at New Brunswick, destroying part of the bridge as they passed over. Cornwallis left in Newark 
a strong guard, which remained till after the battle of Trenton. 

A division of the American army, as it receded from the approach of Cornwallis, is said to have 
passed tlirough Orange. Turning down the road now known as Scotland Street, it was just out of 
sight when a detachment of the enemy appeared. A British officer in command inquired of two 
farmers who were just entering the \illage from over the mountain, if the American troops had passed 
that way. Being answered in the affirmative, he then inquired as to their numbers and was told that 
" the woods in that direction were full of them." Fearing an ambuscade, he called a halt and encamped 
for the night in the old burying-ground. 

It was during these movements in the autumn and winter of 1776 that the people of this locality 
were constantly harrasesd by British soldiers and Hessian hirelings. The mountainous range that 
di\ ides the township of Orange was the limit of the enemy's incursions in this direction. Behind it 
large numbers of the exposed inhabitants took refuge with such property as they were able to remove. 
A few of the inhabitants, however, remained at their homes trusting in the promises of British 
protection, but learned, when it was too late, that these jjromises afforded them no protection against 
the merciless Hessians. 

Dr. Hoyt, in his "History of the First Church of Orange," says: "The whole vicinit\' was 
traversed b)- foraging parties and troops sent out for plunder. The Hessians were particulary dreaded 
for their merciless depredations and cruelties. A company of these mercenaries came in this direction 
from Bloomfield. A few of the party riding in advance promised protection to such of the inhabitants 
as .should remain in their homes. If the people fled, as many did, they afterwards returned to find their 
houses and farmyards thoroughly stripped. Nor were the plunderers overscrupulous to discriminate 
between friends and foe." 

Mr. James Jones, of Bloomfield, hearing of the approach of the British arm\-, loaded hastily his 
wagon with such articles as were most valuable and was about .starting for the mountain with his faniih- 
when the enemy came upon him. The captured family were taken to New York, where they remained 
till the end of the war. They afterward went to Nova Scotia. 

Cornelius, a brother of James Jones and father of C\'rus Jones, was li\ing near the Junction (now 
East Orange). His house was plundered and his hogs and cattle taken by the Hessians, the family 
having temporarily left the premises. After their return a skirmish occurred a little east of their 
residence, on the hill b\- Judge John Peck's, between several Highlanders and three Americans, whose 
names were John Wright, John Tichenor and Joshua Shaw. Wright and his party having muskets 
while the others had only swords, ordered the latter to lay down their weapons. This was done, but as 
the men with the muskets came within reach, the swords were dexterously caught again and laid 
upon them with bloody effect. The captors were now the vanquished and were left upon the ground 
badly wounded, while the Highlanders retreated to the army. It was then about noon. The .same 
afternoon, a company of the enemy returned and entered the house of Mr. Jones in search of "the 
tliree rebels," whom Moses Jones, a nephew of Cornelius, had in the meantime taken upon a sled and 
removed to their homes in the neighborhood of Doddtown. Not finding the "rebels" at the house, 
they set a guard over Mrs. Jones while they took her husband to the barn to renew the .searcii. While 
they were thus engaged the nephew returned witli his team and sleil, which was covered with the blood 
of the woundcil men. This led to the capture of the niLii, who w xre released on the following day. 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 31 

Jonathan Sayrc, a mercliant of Newark, liaii at this time a quantity of whiskey in store on the 
dock by the river. On learning; of the approacli of the British army, he had this iiastily renujved to an 
empty barn behmj^iiig to Caleb Baitlwin on a lane leading north froin the ])resent Main Street, whicli 
soon afterward received the baptismal {internally not externally) name of Whiskey Lane. Tliis was a 
secluded spot and supposetl to be a safe hidinL^-place for spirits. It was carefully covered over by a 
quantity of salt hay. but did not escajie the vigilance of the Hessians. A foraging party of these 
marauders encampetl for the niL;ht in this locality and some of them having entered the barn for a more 
comfortable night's rest, discovered that the hay, although considerably elevated, rested on a solid 
foundation, and a further investigation revealed the presence of spirits bencatU. After imbibing freely 
they became unconscious and saw in their dreams 

'• Spirits above ami spirits below, 
.Spirits of joy and spirits of woe." 

The owner of the whiskey never atteinpted to reclaim it and before the end of the war it had all 
disappeared. 

Many incidents of thrilling interest were related from time to tiine by the surviving veterans of the 
war, but as no record was kept, tradition has furnished few particulars. 

The bloody struggle at Trenton (Dec. 26. 1776), followed by the equally severely contested one at 
Princeton fjan 3, 1777), and the determined conflict of Monmouth (June 28, 1778), and tliat of Spring- 
field (June 23, 1780), attest the horrors of war cnduretl on New Jersey soil, not to .say anything of tiie 
frequent minor skirmishes along the same line of territory intervening between the two contending 
armies. liut even where bloodshed did not occur the feeling of insecurity was scarcely less than 
where the battle roar was heard. 

Under an anicntled act of the Provincial Congress of New Jersey, passed August 16. 1775, all 
officers chosen were ordered to be commissioned by the Provincial Congress or the Committee 
of Safety. Penalties and fines were then exacted for disobedience and refusal to bear arms or absence 
at muster. Under this plan Essex County was to raise two regiments. 

These companies of militia, called " Minute Men," were " held in constant readiness on the shortest 
notice to march to any place where assistance might be required for the defense of this or any neighbor- 
ing colony." They were to continue in service four months and they had precedence of rank over the 
"common militia" of the Province. 

On October 28, 1775, the Congress of New Jersey passed more stringent measures in relation to the 
militia. Men capable of bearing arms who were requested to enroll by the first military ordinance were 
now directed to do so. They were directed, with all convenient speed to furnish themselves with " a 
good musket or firelock and bayonet, sword or toinahawk, a steel ramrod, worm, priming wire and 
brush fitted thereto, a cartouch box to contain twenty-three rounds of cartridges, twelve flints and a 
knapsack." They were also directed to keep " at their places of abode one pound of powder and three 
pounds of bullets." Fines, if not paid, were ordered to be collected by warrants of distress, levied 
on the goods and chattels of the offender. In case of an alarm the " Minute Men " were directed to 
repair immediately to their captain's residence and he was to march his company instantly to oppose 
the enemj-. Companies of light horse were ordered to be raised among the militia. 

The drafts made upon the Newark militia from time to time took many from their farms in this 
part of the town. An order dated Newark, August 29, 1777, and signed by Samuel Hayes, was 
addressed to Captain Williams, or the officer cominanding in his absence, to detach his proportion of 
iTien to relieve those on duty there whose month was just expiring: also to meet with his subalterns "at 
the house of Captain Pierson, to-morrow at three o'clock P. M., to appoint ofificers for said detachment "; 
the saine " to march into this town on Sunday, at three o'clock P. M.'' 

There were some who disobeyed these orders through thoughtlessness or carele.ssness ; and others — 
men who were opposed to the war— upon w hom these orders were ineffectual. " At a court-martial 
held at Newark Mountain, July 7, 1780, at the house of Samuel Munn for the trial of several persons, 



32 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

soldiers in Col. Philip V. Cortlandt's regiment, Essex County militia, belonging to Capt. Thomas 
Williams' company, being charged for disobeying orders and not turning out as their proper tour of 
duty the 2i)th day of June last, and on the alarm the 23d of June, and for desertion ; agreeably to an 
act of the Governor, Council and General Assembly in that case made and provided, entitled ' an act 
for the more effectual defense of the State in case of invasion or incursion of the enemy.' " The 
court having met according to order, found three persons guilty of the above charges and unani- 
mously agreed to fine them in the following sums : Jonathan Williams, ^^500; Charles Crane, ;£'200 ; 
Joseph Tompkins, ;^3 15s. The presiding officer of the court-martial was Capt. Josiah Pierson. The 
other members of the court were Capt. Thomas Williams, Isaac Gillam, Henry Jarolaman, Lieutenants 
Henry Squier, John Edwards, Ensigns Remington Parcel, Thomas Baldwin, Ralph Post. 

The fines thus imposed on these delinquents appear to the reader of the present day excessive, but 
the old adage that " figures will not lie " has its exception in this statement. 

By the act of June 9, 1780, about a month before these penalties were imposed, the legislature had 
estimated the currency of the State " at the rate of one Spanish milled dollar in lieu of forty dollars of 
the bills now in circulation ; thus, the largest fine of ii^jOO amounted only to twelve and one-half 
Spanish milled dollars. So depreciated was the currency as stated by the officers of the New Jersey 
Line in a memorial addressed by them to the legislature, " that four months' pay of a soldier would not 
procure for his family a single bushel of wheat," and " tlie pay of a colonel would not purchase oats for 
his horse." 

Individual records and traditions show that there were many enlisted men from this part of the 
county, but no separate list has been kept of them. Many names connected with the old families are 
found in the rosters of the different companies. In the same families were found patriots and tories — 
men who honestly differed in their opinions, and it required a greater amount of courage to be found 
on the side of the latter than on that of the former. 

The question has often been raised as to whether Washington ever encamped in this \icinity. 
This has been recently settled beyond dispute by the exhaustive sketch entitled, " Crancstown during 
the Revolutionary War," by Rev. Oliver Crane, D. D., L.L. 1)., which appeared in the " History of 
Montclair, Illustrated," compiled antl iniblished by the author of this work, as follows: 

" In Gen. Washington's Revolutionary Orders, issued during the years 1778-1782, and edited by 
Henry Whiting, Lt.-Col., U. S. A., New York, 1S44, 1846, occurs the following order, viz.: 

Headquarters, Totowav, October 23d, 17S0. 
The Corps of Light Infantry will remove (rom their present Encampment, and take post on the most convenient ground, 
to the Cranetovvn Gap and the Notch, for the more effectual security of our Right. Gen. St. Clair will take care of the 
approaches on the Left, Col. Mayland's Regiment will furnish the necessary Patrols and will take a new Position for that 
purpose. The Officers of the Army are to be furnished with two rations per day until further Orders. 

This fixes the precise date of march from Totoway for the occupancy of what Gen. Lafayette calls 
" our Station at Crane'stown," but Gen. Washington, " Cranctown,Gap." The order, it will be noticed, is 
sufficiently definite for marching, but docs not reveal the design of the movement ; and for the obvious 
reason that it was not General Washington's intention to do so lest, by any unforeseen accident, the 
order be conveyed to the enemy, and so the secret aim — Gen. Lafayette's night attack on Staten Island 
— be known and thwarted. I^ut it settles the point that " tlie Post " occupied was " Cranetown Gap " 
or "Crane'stown Station," directly at the foot of Crane's Gap. 

The forced inactivity of the army for six long months, made all the more unendurable b)' the recent 
treason of Arnold, whose report had perwaded the ranks prior to the return of the Commander-in-chief, 
rendered both officers and soldiers exceedingly eager for a renewal of hostilities; especially was this 
true of Gen. Lafayette, whose impetuous spirit could hardly brook delay, and he panted for an oppor- 
tunity to avenge the treason which had seemed for the moment to stain the lionor of the noble cause 
which he so ardently espoused. He therefore entreated Gen. Washington to be permitted to strike a 
blow which, if successful, would be felt by the enemy. 



The Founders and Huii.oers of the Oranges. 33 

It was know 11 by scouts that Sir Ilciiiy Clinton liail at this time a large amount of military stores 
on Statcn Island, guarded mainly by Hessians. Lafaj-ctte projjoscd to secure these by a niglit attack, 
and such was his im[)ortunity that the Commander-in-Chief yielded; and in order to be in nearer 
proximity to aid, if needed, the endeavor, lie gave orders for the main divisions of the army to move 
southward, Tiiis was done, and tiie station selected in which to await the result of the movement 
under Lafayette, was at Cranestown. The position was well chosen, commanding as it did the pass 
across the mountain, and at the junction of the roads both from Newark and Orange to that point. 
Washington appropriated the largest house in the town, and one best located, the old Crane mansion, 
then owned by William Crane, himself at the time in the ranks. Washington took possession of the 
two lower rooms on the west side of the main hall, while members of his staff occupied the other side 
and all the second story rooms. Just back of the rear and smaller room was an old-fashioned lean-to 
which had been, and was then, the kitchen. On the evening of his excellency's arrival, Merc_\- Crane, 
then ill charge of the house, as she was ha\ing her slaves prepare supper for her distinguished guest, 
came to the General and apologeticallj' explained her deep regret that she had no tea to serve to lier 
guests. " Never mind, my good lady," replied his excellency, unperturbed, " please have a crust toasted 
and use it for tea. That is good enough tea for me." Her an.xieties thus allayed, she hastened to 
furnish the best that her house afforded for the supper of her worthy guests. After supper, another 
(lifTiculty caused no slight solicitude in the mind of the patriotic hostess. Owing to the unusual demand 
for beds, none was left for Generals Washington and Lafaj-ette in the lower back room, which had 
been chosen by tiicm, but which had been hitherto used as a dining-room. This deficiency was made 
known to his e.xcellency by the hostess with even deeper regret than the fact of her having no tea. 
" 15ut there is plenty of straw in the barn, is there not?" rejoined her courteous guest. "Abundance," 
was the ([uick response. Iinmediatel)' Washington had several bundles ordered and spread in a corner 
of the room; and there on it, wrapped in their army blankets, that night slept two of the noblest 
Generals whose names are on the scroll of fame. Doubtless, better accommodations were devised for 
their convenience while they remained in occupancy thereafter. 

During the three weeks of Washington's remaining in headquarters at Cranestown, the troops were 
encamped directly to the south of the old mansion, their tents standing thick all along the meadows, 
then wholly unobstructed, from Valley Road to what is now Mountain Avenue, and guarding the inter- 
section of the old Newark Road (now Church Street) with the road leading to Orange and thence to 
Elizabethtown and beyond. As Washington had brought his army there for a purpose, preparations 
were immediately set on foot to further the designs of the enthusiastic leader, Lafayette, in his plan of 
attack on Staten Lsland. Hoats were ordered brought down the Passaic River to a point where the 
crossing of the Kill was to be effected, while others were hastily constructed on wagons to be conveyed 
overland to the required place of embarkation. All things seemed at length in readiness for the 
attempt which promised success. Lafayette, with his command, repaired to the designated spot with 
all .secrecy on the e\'ening of October 26th, not doubting but that the boats ordered would be there to 
convey his command over the narrow stream. All night long he and his splendidly equipped corps 
waited impatient!)- to hail tiie sight of the wishedfor boats, but they came not. From some unaccount- 
able cause they were delayed, until the dawn warned the disappointed watchers that their so much 
coveted opportunity was past, and that they had nothing now to do but to return ti) their quarters. 

But, happily, just at this point we are supplied with very important data respecting the fact of the 
occupancy of Cranestown by Washington at this juncture. Soon after Gen. Laf.iyette had fairly started 
on his return to headquarters, he dispatched a courier with a letter to the Commander-in-Chief, stating 
the unfortunate outcome of the attempt ; and this letter we find in " The Memoirs of Lafayette," by 
his son, George Washington Lafayette, and published in English in New York, 1S37. The letter is 
dated at Elizabethtown, October 27, 1780, and is found on pages 48 1 -2 of the first volume. It reads 
as follows : " I have taken my position between Elizabethtown and Connecticut Farms. General 
Clinton has not the time of making any disposition against us. To-morrow, at nine or ten, I will march 



34 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

to otir position of Crane stoivii, and the day after to-morrow to Totowa, unless I receive contrary orders. 
Newark Mountain (Orange) was ratlier too far to marcli it tliis niyht, and too near for to-morrow; 
because our men. being in want of blankets, will like better to join their tents again. If your Excellency 
approves of this arrangement, I beg you will order our baggage to wait for us on our position of Crane s- 
toivn ; if you dislike the disposition, your orders may reach us on the road." This fi.xes exactly the 
date of the occupancy of Crancstown as temporary headquarters and also supplies the specific object, 
while distinctly stating that the troops were there in tents. 

Shortly afterward General Washington withdrew his troops from Crancstown to their strongly 
entrenched positions on the heights on the left bank of the Passaic, at Totowa. Fortunatch-, we have 
a very exact description of the location and appearance of each corps along the line of entrenchments 
here. The Marquis de Chastellux, a French officer under Count Kochambcau, was sent by the latter 
on a visit of observation at this very time througli New Jersey and thence on into \'irginia: and he h.is 
given us a very clear statement of the disposition of the American forces at Totowa as he found them, 
November 23, 1780. It may be remarked that Gen. Lafayette (or the Marquis, as he was then usually 
styled) had, on the "th of August previous, taken command of the corps of light infantr}-, consisting of 
si.x battalions, composed each of six companies of men chosen from the different lines of the army. 
These battalions were divided into two brigades, one commanded by Gen. Hand, the other by Gen. 
Poor. As the command of the Marquis was the pick of the army, it had assigned to it in position the 
post of honor as the vanguard. 15oth officers and soldiers were better clothed than the rest of the 
army, and made a handsomer appearance on parade. " Each soldier," says the Marquis de Chastellux, 
" wore a helmet made of hard leather, with a crest of horse hair. The officers were armed with 
espontoons, or rather half pikes, antl the subalterns with fusils (muskets); but both were provided with 
short and light sabres brought from France and made a present of to them b\- M. de la Fayette. This 
corps was posted," says the Marquis de Chastellux, " in an excellent position. It occupied two heights 
separated by a small bottom, but with an easy communication between tlicni. The river Totohaw, or 
Second River (Passaic), projects its right and it is here that it makes a considerable elbow, and turning 
towards the south, falls into the bay of Newark. The principal front and all the left flank to a great 
distance are covered by a rivulet (Saddle Creek) which comes from Paramus, and falls into the same 
river." Two miles beyond this position of the vanguard, keeping the river on the left, lay the main 
army, under the respective commands of Generals Wayne, Huntington, Glover, Knox (Commander of 
Artillery), and others. "The army," continues Marquis de Chastellux, "was encamped on two heights 
and in one line, in an extended but very good position, having a wood in the rear and in front the river, 
which is very difficult of passage everywhere except at Totohaw bridge. But the situation would be 
quite in favor of an army defending the left bank, the heights on that side everywhere commanding 
those of the right. Two miles beyond the bridge is a meeting-house of a hexagonal form, which is 
given to their places of worship by the Dutch Presbyterians, who are very numerous in the Jerseys." 
Not far from where the army lay, the same accurate observer tells us, was "the great cataract called 
Totohaw (Passaic) Fall." which interested him much in i>,issing. "At length, after passing thick woods 
on the right, I found myself in a small plain where I saw a handsome farm ; a small camp which seemed to 
cover it, a large tent extending to the court, and several waggons arountl it, convinced me that this was 
his Excellency's quarter; for it is thus that Mr. Washington is called in the army and throughout 
America." 

Such, as far as we have been able, b\' throwing side-lights upt)n the screen to bring out more clearly 
the picture, were the circumstances attending Gen. Washington's temporar\- occupancy of Crancstown 
with his army; and such the position of the several lines at Totowa, on his return thither in con.se- 
qucnce of the abortive scheme of Gen. Lafayette to attack Staten Island. For five long years had 
New Jersey been the scene of varying warfare, and for a full year no important aggressive movement 
iiad been made by the army, while signs of depression were becoming more and more evident in the 
minds of the patriots and not a few even began to doubt the outcome of the already long-continued 



Tiiic Founders and Him dkrs ok the Oranges. 



35 



struggle. The troojis at this time were, ami had for mmuhs been, poorly clad and scantily fed. The 
term of service of not a few was e.\[)irinLj. and the)' were an.\ioiis to return to their (in some instances, 
devastated) homes ; Congress was well-nigh powerless to aid by reason of the refusal of several of the 
States to recognize Congressional authority; the credit of the country was at discount, and money 
obtainable only on individual and responsible guarantees ; treason had already shown itself, and might 
become unearthed elsewhere at any time — all these an.xieties were pressing ujjon the mind of the 
Commander-in-chief at once, and _\et not a tjuiver of discouragement was apparent either in his 
countenance or his acts, but he proceeded to lay plans with the same imperturbability that had .always 
characterized him. Just five days after the Marquis de Chastellu.v had left the entrenched army at 
Totowa (November 28, 17S0), Gen. Washington assigned to the difTerent divisions of the army (then 
reduced to only a little over lo.OOO troops) their winter quarters, his own being established at New 
Windsor, Ct. The New Jersey line was to quarter at Pompton, N. J., the Pennsylvania line at Morristown, 
the Maryland regiment of horse at Lancaster, Pa., and Sheldon's horse at Colchester, Ct.; one New York 
regiment at Fort Schuyler, one at Saratoga, and the remainder of the line at Albany, Schenectady and 
other ex-posed points. But a brighter dawn than any in the past was drawing nigh. As already stated, 
in less than a year from that very time (on October 17, 1781), came the surrender of Lord Cornwallis 
and the recognition of .\nurican independence by European nations. 




CHAPTER VIII. 



ERECTION OF ORANGE AS A SEPARATE TOWNSHIR 




ITS GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT UNDER THE FOUNDERS AND THEIR 

DESCENDANTS. 

XTIL 1782, the only name by which the settlements aloni^ the mountain and extending 
toward the Newark settlement was known was that of the Mountain Society. There 
were several small hamlets embraced within the territory of wliat is now the Oranges 
which were designated by the names of the principal families living in these localities, 
as Ereemantown, Williamstown, Pecktown, etc. 

As the population increased the importance of ha\-ing a name to designate the 
parish was a subject of frequent discussion. Public meetings were held and several 
names were proposed. At one of these meetings Mr. John Munn jokingly suggested 
the name of Orange-field. Several names with the word "field" as a prefix had been 
suggested. The name of Orange struck a popular chord and it was then suggested that 
as the locality was both mountain and valley, that the word Dale would be more appropriate, and by 
popular consent this became the name. The first public application of the name to this locality was 
made by Rev. Jedediah Chapman at a meeting of the Presbytery, in 1782, when Orange Dale was 
named as the place of tlie next meeting. The first reference to the name in connection with this locality 
appeared in the Town Records of Newark, in 1790. when "John Ogden (O. Mountain 1." was appointed 
to the ofifice of road overseer. 

The iniiabitants soon foiuul that it was only necessar)- to give the locality a name in order to start 
a "business boom," and they no doubt believed, with Col. Sellers, that there was "millions in it." The 
following advertisement appeared in Wood's Newark Gazette and Nnv Jersey Advertiser, of June 10, 1795: 



r 



TO BE SOLD 

By way of pul)lic vendue, on -Saturday, liie 25th of July, twenty-three building lots, pleasantly situated in Orange Dale, on 
the main road, opposite the meeting-house and adjoining the academy. Four of said k)ts have a never-failing stream of water 
running through them, which renders them convenient for tanning business. On one of said lots there is a well of excellent water 
and likew'ise a number of good fruit trees dispersed through the different lots, all of which are fronting on a road which renders 
them convenient for both mercantile and mechanical busmess. They are situated in a vi-r\' nourishing part of the country, and 
would be very convenient for any person or persons who may wish to take in boarders. MATTHEW CONDIT. 

JOSEPH CONE. 



Tlic name of "Orange" was first applied to the place the year following and the "Dale "was 
dropped. This was in an advertisement which appeared in the same paper: 

Opened on Tuesday, the 17th, inst., under the immediate instruction of .Mr. Wyckoff, who has taught the English and 
learned languages, the arts and sciences in this place with approbation and success for a number of years. Those who choose 
to send their children to this institution may be assured that great care and .altention will be paid both 10 their education and 
morals under the attendance, direction and Influence of a board of trustees annually chosen by the parish for that purpose. 

Orange, May 24, 1796. JF.ni'.ni.Ml CH.M'M.AN. Prfsideiit. 



TlIK FoUNIiK.US AND lil' I I.DKRS ()V Tlir. OUANOKS. 37 

Orange became a separate township under an act of the State legislature 

Passed the 27lh day of November, 1806. 
I. I5e it enacted, />)' the Council and General Assembly 0/ tin's Sl<ile, anil 1/ is herchy enacted by the authority of the 
same, that nil that part of the township of Newark, in the County of Essex, lying and being within the following boundaries, 
to wit : lieginning at a spring called the lioiling Spring, on the land of Stephen I). Day; running thence in a straight line 
southwardly to the bridge in the highway, near Daviil I'eck's; thence running southwardly in a straight line to a bridge in the 
highway, near Sayres Roberts', in Campton ; thence southwardly in a straight line to Elizabeth township to the line of 
Springfield township ; thence along the same to the line of Caldwell township ; thence along the line of said township to a 
point on the first mountain called Stephen Crane's Notch ; thence southwardly to Turkey Eagle Rock ; thence caslwardly to a 
bridge on the highway, near I'hineas Crane's ; thence eastwardly to a bridge on the highway, between the house of Silas Dod 
and Nathaniel Dod; thence in a straight line to the I5oiling Spring, the place of lieginning— shall be and the same is hereby set 
off friiin thf township of Newark and the same is hereby established a separate township, to be called the "Township of Orange." 

The territory embracing the four Oranges into which they were sub^Liiucntly diviilcd by acts of 
the State legislature, are bounded as follows: Northeast by Bloomfield and Montclair townships, 
southeast by the city of Newark, south by Clinton township and Union Counl\-, southwest by Milburn 
township, tiorthwcst b\- Livingston and north by Caldwell towiiship. The old form of township 
government continued for a little over half a century, and during this period the population increased 
from lumdrcds tn thousands, and from a small agricultural and manufacturing village to a prosperous 
and thriving townshi[i. 

In the clearing up and settlement of this part of Newark, subsequently known as Orange township, 
it was found that the timber could be utilized for other purposes than that of fire-wood, and naturally 
the inhabitants, many of whom were skilled as coopers and carpenters, turned their attention to the 
manufacture of staves and heading from the large quantity of oak and ash timber with which the 
present site of the city of Orange abounded. It became a source of profitable revenue for the pioneers 
who had payments to make on their land purchases. An extensive trade in this line was carried on 
between Newark and the West India Islands through the owners of vessels who did the carrying trade. 
The staves and headings split from the oak and ash and were sold to west India traders, manufactuicd 
into sugar and molasses bogheads and carried to all parts of the then civilized world. This industiy 
was carried on until the introduction of saw mills, about 1720, when it was found that the timber could 
be more profitably used in the construction <>f frame buildings, which rapidly succeeded the old log 
houses and barns. 

Cultivating Atple Trees and the Manufacture ov Cider. The soil of East New Jersey 
seems peculiarly adapted to the growth of the apple. Soon after the first colony located here, apple seeds 
brought from Connecticut were planted in this their virgin soil. Reference to the planting of these 
trees is made in the Town Records as early as 1C78, and four years later Governor Carteret, in writing 
to the proprietors in England, said: "At Newark is made great quantities of cyder exceeding any that we 
have from Ne-M England, Rhode Island or Long Island." The careful cultivation of this fruit improved 
the quality and in time almost every farmer in the county had his apple orchard. The famous Halilwin, 
Harrison and Canfield apples which attained a world-wide reputation, originated among the families of 
that name in this locality, and no doubt Ebenezer Canfield, who had " the best farm at the mountain," 
introduced the apple bearing his name. After the close of the Revolution, cider mills and distilleries 
were established all over the county, and Orange, then a part of Newark, became famous for the rich 
quality of its cider made from the Canfield and Harrison apples, and thousands of barrels were annually 
shipped to the South and other parts of the country, and were even exported to Europe. "Applejack" 
became the favorite beverage of the tipplers, and distilleries multiplied, while intemperance increased. 
The government tax on spirits and the increased consumption of " blue grass" from Kentucky put an 
end to this " industiy. "(?) 

Long before the invention of machinery for the purpose, Orange had become a great manufacturing 



38 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

centre for boots and shoes made from the leather manufactured at the several tanneries in Orange and 
vicinity. As early as 1697-8 the Town Records of Newark show that land was given to Azariah Crane 
" out of the common," and " enjoy it so long as he doth follow the trade of tanning." Soon after the 
close of the Revolution, Benjamin Williams, who had been carrying on a cider mill and distillery, started 
a tannery or shoe shop and currying shop. Samuel and Amos, sons of Benjamin, did a thriving business 
in this line for many years. They also ground the bark and shipped it to England. Others also did a 
profitable business in this line. 

The tanning business led naturally to the manufacturing of shoes, ami many of the farmers found it 
profitable to devote a portion of their time to the manufacture of shoes. Ihese were carried to New 
York in wagons and sold to wholesale dealers who packed them in hogsheads and shipped them to other 
markets. An extensive trade was done during the war of 1S12 in the manufacture of arm_\- shoes. The 
industry increased in extent, gradual!}- improving in style and quality, and men's and women's shoes of 
the finest grade and qualit)- were shipped to the eastern, western and southern markets. The largest 
trade was carried on directly with the Southern States. The panic of '57, the stoppage of trade with 
the South and the large indebtedness of Southern merchants at the breaking out of the war, crippled 
the manufacturers to such an extent that many of them were obliged to go out of business. The 
manufacture of army shoes caused a temporary revival of trade, but Eastern competitors soon drew the 
trade in that direction. 

When Orange became a separate township, in 1806, there was but the one church — First Presbyterian 
— and not more than two or three stores. Stephen D. Day was the pioneer merchant, he having started 
in business six years before Orange separated from Newark. During the first quarter of a century the 
population increased to nearly four thousand. Through the discovery of the mineral springs, in 1820, 
it had already become known as a health resort and there was a material increase in the summer 
population. 

" Gordon's Gazeteer," published in 1830-33, says: " Orange Township, bounded northwest by Cald- 
well, northeast by Bloomfield, east and southeast by Newark, south b}- Union, southwest b}- Springfield, 
and west by Livingston; centrally distant northwest from Newark four and one-half miles; greatest 
length north and south, seven miles; breadth east and west, five miles; surface on the west, hilly, etc. 
* * * Orange the first town. South Orange, Camptown, Middleville and Jefferson Village are towns 
of the township. It is drained northeast by Second River and southwest b\- branches of the Rahway. 
Population in 1830,3,887. Iti 1832, there were in the township 625 ta.xables, 172 householders whose 
rateables did not exceed $30 in value, 76 single men, 15 merchants, 3 grist mills, 2 saw mills, 40 tan vats, 
362 horses and mules, and 1,099 neat cattle above the age of three years; and it paid State ta.x, 
$298.19: county, $780.20; poor, $600; road, $1,050. 

" Orange is a straggling village of the preceding township and a post-town, extending about three 
miles along the turnpike road from Newark to Dover and distant about three miles northwest from the 
former. Contains one Episcopal, one Methodist and two Presbyterian churches, two taverns, 10 stores, 
two saw mills and a bark mill, from 200 to 230 dwellings, many of them very neat and commodious." 

Mr. F. W. Baldwin, in the Orange Chronicle, December 19, 1891, sa)-s : "The population in 1840 
and for man>- }-ears later was almost entirely native. Ireland had scarcely begun to send her ship-loads 
of laborers to our shores, antl it was an uncommon thing to meet either a foreigner or a colored man. 
Such a thing as a beer saloon was unknown and all the tippling was done at the old tavern, then 
kept 1))' Isaac M. Smith in the same building now known as the 'Central Hotel,' or in the Park House, 
kept by Barnabas Day. Shoemaking was the onl\- manufacturing industr\- of any consequence then 
pursued and the custom was for a man to have his shop alongsiile his house. 

" It was the custom at that time for nearl_\- all the shoe manufactures to keep stores, and instead of 
paying money to their workmen they issuetl books in which the work done was credited a)id the goods 
from the store were charged. 

" Main Street was at that time a sleepy village thoroughfare; its roadbed soft and santly in dry 



The Founders and Biih.dkks ok iiik Oranges. 39 

wiatliLi ami nuuldy up lo tlic \va_L,'i)n hubs in spiin;,' and fall. The street was edged with a row of tall 
sycamores that in summer cast a grateful shade and shielded the occasional passer-by from the scorching 
ra\-s of the midday sun. 

" There were only two hotels in the village aiul the only independent stores were those of S. D. Day 
iS: Hailey, which stood on the present site of Music Hall and which was the original of the present firm 
of Hailey, Everett & Co.; John M. IJndsley, the predecessor of N. & G. Lindslcy and later of John N. 
Lindsley, and William Condit, at the corner of Main and Centre Streets. They all kept general country 
stores. 

"There were no special stores of any kind, the first drug store being that of Cyrus D. Minor, 
located on Main Street, about 1850. Such a thing as a newspaper was almost unknown. Here and 
there a more progressive citizen than the average subscribed for the Seiitiiul or the Eag/c, published in 
Newark, and when a manufacturer had occasion to go to New York, which was a day's undertaking, he 
would bring with him a copy of the Herald. 

"Street paving or sidewalk flagging had not been thought of, the first man to introduce this 
improvement being Moses H. Can field, who carried on a large shoe manufacturing business where 
Library Hall now stands, and who flagged to the full width the sidewalk fronting his shop." 







(HAPTKR IX. 




THE FOUNDERS OF THE ORANGES AND THEHi DESCENDANTS. 

HE Founders of the OrAiNGES embraced not only the original settlers — many of wlKmi 
left no descendants — but a large class who came at a later period and engaged in farming 
o» in the various industries that sprang up soon after the close of the Revolution. Tlie 
list of Founders includes those who settled in Orange previous to its erection as a 
separate township in iSoO. 

Old wills, deeds and other records show that many of the early settlers could neither 
read nor write, and their "mark" affixed to these documents established their legality 
be\-ontl question. These men left their mark on the community, and their character for 
honesty, uprightness and devotion to principle is incffaceably stamped on the pages of 
history. These men brought into the wilderness with them the energy of the Anglo- 
Saxon and the \-igorous yet rigorous and stable religious principles of the Puritan. Entering this then 
forest with bold hearts, they placed the rude cabin by the side of the wigwam and made the forest 
vocal at once with praise to God and with the sounds of civilized industry. Allotments of land by 
and on the mountain, to .settlers, at a very early period were made, but at what time they actually took 
possession and erected their dwellings is not known. The two oldest houses still .standing in the 
Oranges are the stone house in South Orange and the Samuel Harrison place in Orange, near Tory 
Corners, in Washington Street. The former was erected before 1680. 

August 19, 1675, Robert Symon, by warrant, had forty acres, "part of his third division on the 
mountain," bounded northwest by the mountain, northeast by lands of John Baldwin, Sr., .southeast by 
Capt. Samuel Swaine and southwest by Richard Harrison. 

August 28, 1675, Samuel Swaine had forty acres at the foot of the mountain, bounded on the north 
by John Baldwin, Sr., on the west by Robert Symon and Richard Harrison, on the east by Richard 
Harrison and on the south by the common. 

September 10, 1675, John Bald\\in,Sr , had for his third division, forty acres near the mountain and 
bounded north by Capt. Samuel Swaine and John Catlin, on the east by Richard Harrison, on the south 
by John Ward — known as John Ward, Turner — on the west by the top of the mountain. 
John Catlin had sixty acres extending to the top of the mountain. 

Richard Harrison had fifty acres on the north side of Widow Freeman's lot. also fifteen acres 
"upon the branch of tlie Railway River," bounded on the west by John Catlin and John Baldwin, Sr., 
on the east by a small brook running from the mountain, and on the north and south b\- the common. 

In June 9, 1679, Thomas Johnson's tract lay at the foot of the mountain, measuring thirteen by 
fifty chains and bounded on the nortii by lands of John Ward, Sr.. on the south by lands of John 
Ward, Sr., on the cast by the plain and on the west by the top of the hill. Said tract to remain for 
fifty acres, allowance being made for bad land. 

John Ward, Sr., had fifty acres bounded on the north b\' Thomas Johnson, on the east by the plain, 
on the south by John Catlin and on the west by the hill. 

Anthony Oleff had fifty acres bounded on the south by Samuel Harrison, on the west by tlie 
mountain, on the nortli and east bv unsurveved lands. He married the wiilow of George Day and died 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 41 

without issue, March 16, 1723, aged eighty-seven years. The Oleff farm was purchased by Peleg Shores 
who conveyed the eastern and southern portions of it (one equal half) to Jonathan Lindsiey. He sold 
it to David Williams who, in 1730, purchased the other half of the farm. 

On June 13, 1679, fifty-nine acres of upland were surveyed to Joseph Harrison. It was bounded 
on the north by lands of Benjamin Harrison and on the northeast by " Perroth's Brook." 

April 27, 1694, a warrant was issued to John Gardner in right of Abraham Pierson, for a tract at 
the foot of the mountain, bounded on the northeast by lands of Azariah Crane and on the southwest by 
lands of Jasper Crane. 

Daniel Riggs. fourth son of Joseph, one of the original settlers of what is now South Orange, was 
appointed to settle the estate of his father after the latter's death, and the list of names which appear 
in his account book in 1744, show the residents of the first and second generation living at that time. 
Among these arc : Aaron and Timothy Ball, Job Brown, Daniel Baldwin, Ichabod Burnet, Samuel 
Crowell, Nathaniel Campbell, Thomas Cushman, Samuel and Isaac Condit, Thomas Day, Thomas Dean, 
Ebenezer Farcn. Samuel Freeman, Ebenezer ami Gilbert lledtlen, Joseph Jones, Jeremiah Johnson, 
Sam'l Lamson, Benjamin, Ebenezer and Josiah Lindsiey, Xatlianiel, Samuel and Swain Ogden, Timothy 
Osborn, Joseph Pierson, Hugh Robords, Elisha Stainsborough, William Smith, Daniel Taylor, Benony 
Tomas, James Tompkins, Leonard Ward. 

The farm of Daniel Riggs extended from Railway River to the westerly side of the mountain. ^ 
The dwelling house stood upon the site now occupied by the rectory of the Church of the H(jly', 
Communion, in South Orange. 

Edward Ball was the founder of this family in Essex County. He came with the Branford settlers. 
He was High Sheriff of Essex in 1693. He owned land at the mountain adjoining that of Azariah 
Crane, at Cranetown. 

Timothy Ball, son of Thomas and grandson of Edward Ball, settled in South Orange. The 
homestead of Timothy, on the Ridgewood Road, is still standing and in a good state of repair. 
Inscribed on a stone in the chimney are the letters, " T. E. B., 1743," showing that the house was built 
that year. An addition was probably built in 1772, as shown by the figures in another chimney. He 
married Esther Bruen, probably a granddaughter of Obadiah Bruen. 

John Brown, one of the Milford settlers of Newark, in 1666, was the founder of this family in 
South Orange. He had a Patent for forty acres beyond Elizabeth River, which he bequeathed to his 
sons Joseph and Thomas. The Newark Records, under date of 16S6, contain the following " Item. — 
Joseph Brown and Thomas Brown have Liberty granted to exchange their Father's Third Division of 
Land lying beyond Elizabeth River, and to take up the quantity thereof on this side of Raway River 
below the mouth of the Stone House Brook. They also had liberty to take up sixty acres of land 
between them." 

The survey for Joseph Brown was made by the town surveyor in 1686, which describes "a piece of 
upland granted by the Town vote, 30 acres on the mountain side down to Rahway River, bounded by 
the River east, John Treat south, top of the Hill west and Thomas Brown north." Added to this was 
the following memorandum : " Note.— This land hath a House on it, built by Joseph Brown and Thomas 
Brown, either of them having an equal share of it." This was probably the second house built in South 
Orange, the "Stone House" by Stone House Brook being the first. 

The land given to Joseph Brown, it is said, has remained in the possession of his family and 
descendants and is a part of the property owned by Abijah F. Tillou, who married a daughter of 
Samuel Brown, a descendant of Joseph. 

Michael Tompkins, who was of Milford 1639, was one of the original Newark settlers. Michael 
Tompkins, Jr., owned land within the present boundaries of South Orange. He had fifty-four acres 
adjacent to the lands he purchased of Mr. Treat which, from the description, evidently refers to a survey 
made for John Treat, April 27, 1694, for a "a tract of upland by Rahway River on the east side, 
beginning at the Stone House Brook, thence down the river twenty-six chains," &c. 



y 



42 The Founders and Builders of the OrangeS. 

In 175 I, Samuel Tompkins conveyed to Jonathan Tompkins, for five sliillintjs, one hundred acres, 
bounded west by the Rahway River, north by Stone House Brook, east by a highway (referring probably 
to the present Prospect Street). 

A survey of land at the mountain dated April 27, 1694, for Martin Tichenor, bounded east by the 
river, west by the mountain, north John Brown, south Thomas Brow n. He was one of the original 
settlers of Newark. 

Henry Squier, in 1774, lived in the stone house on what is now known as the Redmond estate. 

John Walls, mentioned as the " carpenter," had several tracts of land in South Orange as early 
as 1721. 

In July, 1713, Allen Wilkinson conveyed to Robert Campbell nine and one-half acres on the east 
side of Rahway River. 

Thomas Lutldington was an early settler in South Orange, and Luddington's Brook is mentioned 
in a deed dated December 12, 1728, by Josiah Ogden and wife to Samuel Freeman, Jr. 

Samuel Crowell's land is mentioned in a road record in 1728. 

THE BALDWIN FAHILY. 

The name Baldwin is said to be derived fiom the words Bald, quick or speedy, and win, an old 
word signifying victor or conqueror — the true signification being " the speedy conqueror or victor." 
The Baldwins, Earls of Flanders, were contemporary with Alfred the Great, whose son Baldwin (2d) 
married the daughter of Robert of France, who.se daughter Matilda married William the Conqueror. 
Baldwin, Archbishop of Canterbury, with a train of 200 horses and 300 foot, his banner inscribed with 
the name of Thomas O'Becket, went on a crusade with RICHARD C(JiUR DE LlON, in 1120. 

Most of the Baldwins of the Oranges trace their ancestry, through Benjamin, to Joseph Baldwin, 
one of the first settlers in Milford, Conn., in 1639. This Joseph was probably the brother of Timothy 
and Nathaniel, sons of Richanl Baldwin, of Cholesburj', Count}- Bucks, England, whose will was proved 
in 1633. Joseph r(.-mo\'cd to Hadley, Mass. His wife, Hannah, joined the church June 23, 1644, and 
his four children were then baptized. These were: Joseph, born 1640, Benjamin, born 1642, Hannah, 
born 1644, Mary, born 1645, Elizabeth, born 1646, Martha, born 1647, Jonathan, born 1649. Joseph (i) 
gave his property in Milford to his sons Benjamin. Jonathan and Joseph. 

SECOND QENERATION. 

HknJAMIN Baldwin (i), second child of Joseph and Hannah ( ') Baldwin, was baptized in 

Ihulie)', Mass., June 23, 1644, and was taken thence b\- his parents to Milfortl. He marrieil Hannah, 
tiaughter of Jonathan Sargent, one of the Branford signers of the " Fundamental Agreement," at 
Newark, in 1666. Benjamin Baldwin's name does not appear on the list but he evidently came with the 
other settlers, as his name is on the "Sure List of Every Man's estate," in 1667. His " Home Lott " in 
Newark was bounded east by Washington Street, west by High Street, and extended abo\e the present 
line of New Street to the canal. The Town Records of Newark, September, 1668, contains the follow- 
ing "Item. — the town hath granted to Seth Tompkins, Liberty to lay downe his Own Home Lott and 
take up that which was formerly Granted to Benjamin Baldwin." Whether Benjamin (1) removed to 
South Orange is not definitely known, but at a Town Meeting held March 19, 1673-4, "il^ is. also agreed 
that Weavers Thomas Pierson and Benjamin Baldwin shall be considered by the Surveyors to make 
their out lotts on the Hill shorter." 

At a Town Meeting, January 24, 1686-7, " it is agreed that Benjamin Baldwin's or Stephen Davis's 
half Bushel shall be the standard which .shall be thought most suitable, and all Measures shall be sealed 
with an N and all Weights shall be tried by brass Weights if they can be had." 

"Town Meeting, January 1st, 1693-4. Item. — Benjamin Baldwin is chosen Constable and he hath 
chosen Jonathan Baldwin, his son, for his Deputy." 

The children of Benjamin and Hannah (Sergeant) Baldwin were Benjamin (2), Jonathan, Sarah, Joseph. 



The Founders and JUulders of the Oranges. 43 

thiro qeneration. 

Benjamin Baldwin (2), eldest child of Benjamin (i) and Hannah (Sergeant) Baldwin, was born in 
Newark (probably in that part now known as South Orant,'c) about 1690. His children were David, 
born 1715, Anroii, born about 1717, Sarah, born 1720, Bciijauiin (3), born 1730. 

FOURTH GENERATION. 

Line of Aaron ',1), son of Benjannin (2). 
Aarox Baldwin, second child of Benjamin (2), was born in South Orange, about 1717. He 
owned and died in the stone house (still standing, 1896) situated on the northwest corner of South 
Orange Avenue and Muiin Avenue, in South Orange. He was a member in communion of the 
Mountain Society prior to 1756. By his will, dated September 7, 1797, he devised to his son Elias, 
" forty acres of my land on the westerly end by Klizabeth River. * * * To son Aaron, my house 
and all my land which I have not given to Elias," etc. Aaron (2), however, died intestate before his 
father, in LS05, and the father, Aaron Sr., made a codicil to his will in which he devises to grandsons 
Nehemiah, Joel and Cyrus, and further provides that their mother — the widow of his son Aaron — should 
be entitled to the same right of dower in the estate as she would have been had the propcrtj" been 
vested in her husband and had he died intestate. The children of Aaron, Sr., were Zenas, born 1748; 
Aaron (2j, baptized February 5, 1758; Elias A.; Elizabeth, married Richard Harrison; Eunice; Sarah, 
born 1766, married Aaron Munn; Susannah; Tabitha, born 1752, married Aaron Crane ; Hannah, born 
1762. married Deacon Joseph I'ierson ; Phebe. 

KIRTH OENERATION. 

Aaron Baldwin (2), second child of Aaron (i), was born in South Orange and baptized at the 
church in Orange, February 5, 1758; he died in 1S05 at the home of his son Nehemiah. He served as 
a private in the War of the Revolution as a member of Capt. Squiers' company. Second Regiment, 
Essex ; also Capt. Craig's company. State troops. He married. May 5, 1 780, Sarah Baldwin, of Newark, 
born July 7, 1762, daughter of Joel Baldwin. Their children were Mary, born 1780, married Moses 
Munn; Nflicviialt, born November 4, 1783; Samuel, born 1786; Cyrus (i), born 1788, died 1793; Joel, 
born 1790; Ira ; Cjrus (2), born 1795, Phebe, born 1797; Lucetta, born 1799; Sarah and Matilda L., twins, 
burn June 23, 1S02. Hoth Aaron and his father died at the house of Nehemiah. in South Orange. 

SI>CTH GENERATION. 

Nehemiah Baldwin, second child of Aaron and Sarah Baldwin, was born at the homestead 
in South Orange, November 4, 1783. The fact that his father and grandfather died at his house shows 
that he supported both of them in their old age. He married Rhoila Terrill, daughter of Amos Terrill, 
of South Orange. They had issue Eliza, Aaron Ludlow, Aaron \Wg^?,\ Samuel A., born April 7, 1808, 
Amarantha, Phebe Louisa, Mary Elizabeth, George W. 

SEVENTH GENEKATION. 

Samui:l a. Baldwin, fourth child of Nehemiah and Rhoda (Terrell) Baldwin, was born at the 
old Baldwin homestead, corner of South Orange Avenue and Munn Avenue, in South Orange, April 7, 
180S. He married, first. September I, 1830, Letitia Davis Ward, daughter of Abraham K. Ward, and 
had issue Enim.i Wliybrew, married Dr. Joseph .\. Corwin, of Newark; Anna Adelaide, born 1834, died 
1855; Frederick Wellington, born July 14, 1S39; Theodore Ailing (^Rev.), born November 1, 1843. 
married Matilda Jane, daughter of William E. Layton, went as a missionary to Turkey in 1867 and still 
resides there. Samuel A. Baldw in married, second, Mary Addis, daughter of Miles Addis, of Addisville, 
Pa. By this marriage he had Wilmer Addis, Mary Adelaide, Elizabeth and Jane DuBois. 



44 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

eighth gkneration. 

WiLMER Addis Baldwin, son of Samuel A. and Mary (Addis) Baldwin, was born in Newark, July 
19, 1854. He is a member of the firm of J. W. Goddard & Son, New York. He has resided in East 
Orange since 1891. He married Anna B., daughter of John Smith Hartshorne, of Newark, and has 
three children, viz.: Mabel Hartshorne, Anna Hartshorne and Elizabeth Carol. 

FOURTH GEXERA.TION. 
Line of Benjamin (3), son of Benjan^in (2). of Benjannin (1). 

Benjamin Baldwin (3), son of Benjamin Baldwin (2), was born in South Orange in 1730. In his 
will, dated September i, 1801, proved April 9, 1804, among other devises, gives "to eldest son Josiah, in 
addition to the farm he now lives on, all that ten-acre lot I bought of Benjamin Coe, adjoining on 
Gershom Kilborn. '•■' * * To son Uzal all that farm he now lives on. * * * To son Jephtha 
all the farm I now live on, including the land I bought of Jabez Pierson." 

The children of Benjamin (3) were Josiah, horn 1755, died 1826, married Lydia Ogden ; Jeptha, 
born 1778, killed by railroad cars at Market Street crossing, in Newark, in 1852, married Catharine 
Bishop; Uzal, married Sarah Parrott ; Rhoda, married John Myers; Phebe, married Isaac Condit ; 
Mary, married, first, Joseph Cone, second. John Personettc ; Abbey, married Jonathan Condit; Eunice, 
married James Condit; Zebula. 

The Uzal Baldwin farm became the property of East Orange township, for use as the Poor Farm. 

The Jeptha Baldwin farm became the property of his son Benjamin and was sold by him to the 

Montrose Park syndicate, and is now within the precincts of Montrose Park, since annexed to the village 

of South Orange. 

KIETH GENERATION. 

Line of Benjanrxin (3). 

Josiah Baldwin, son of Benjamin (3), [of Benjamin (21, of Benjamin (0, of Joseph], was born in 
1755. married Lydia Ogden and had Abram, married Sarah Baldwin; Samuel, married Mary Meeker ; 

Rachael, married Munson ; Josiah O., born 1796, married Ann Munn ; Elizabeth, born 1782, 

married Jonathan Lindsley ; Sarah, married Joel Harrison ; Mary, married Cyrus Baldwin ; Abbey, 
married Joel Baldwin; Harriet, born 1800; James E. Smith, born 1798. 

Jeptha I^aldwin, son of Benjamin ('3), [of Benjamin (2). of Benjamin (i), of Joseph], was born 
1778, died 1852, married Catherine Bishop. They had issue, Mary, married Jabez Harrison; Clarissa, 
married Charles Ailing; Susan, born iSi 1, married Matthias Crane; Eliza, born iSlo, married Ira T- 
Freeman; Sarah, married John Lindslej' ; Catherine B., born 1816, married Robert P. Day; Amelia F., 
born 1817, married Charles Williams; Margaret, married Joseph Wilde; Emma A., married Walter 
Tompkins; Virginia; George W.; Benjamin E., married Rebecca Tompkins; Aaron Bishop, married 
Catharine Mason. 

USAL Baldwin, son of Benjamin (3), [of Benjamin (2), of Benjamin (i), of Joseph], married Sarah 
Parrott. They had issue Jeptha ; William W., married Phebe Lindsley; Matilda, married Elias Ross ; 
Uzal; Sarah, married Daniel Camp; Josiah L., married Antoinette Ouimby ; Abby. 

SECOND GENERATION. 
Line Of Jonathan., son of Joseph Baldwin, the Ancestor. 

Jonathan Baldwin, son of Joseph and Hannah ( ) Baldwin, was born Februarj- 15, 1649. He 

married, first, Hannah Ward, born 1663, died 1693. He married, second, Thankful Strong. He died 

Dec. 13, 1739. He had children, Jolin, born May 22, 1683; Joseph, baptized 1685. He married a 

Miss Bruen. He died in 1777. 

THIRD GENERATION. 

John Baldwin, son of Jonathan and (Bruen) Baldwin, was born May 22, 1683 ; died January 

20, 1773- He had a son, Ezekiel. 



Till-; Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



45 



FOURTH GENERATION. 
EZEKIEL Baldwin, son of John Baldwin, was born December iq, 1719. He married Sarah, 
daughter of Benjamin Baldwin, (2), and had issue, Gabriel, born 1740, married, first, Rebecca Little, 
second, Hannah F"oster. His children were: Jeptiia, born 1744, married Plicbe Freeman; Eunice, 
bnrn 1743, married Samuel Smith; Mary W., born 1752, married Isaac Munn ; Rachael, born 1755, 
married Zadoc Hedden : CoUb. born 1757; Benjamin, married Isabella Albright. 

KIRTH GENERATION, 

Calei: Baldwin, son of Ezekiel, was born October 21, 1757. He served in the War of the Revolu- 
tion, as pri\ate in Capt. .Abraham L\on's company. Second Regiment of Essex. He had charge, at one 
time, of several British prisoners. He died in 1799, shortly before the birth of his youngest son. Caleb. 
He married Lydia Johnson and had children, Eunice, married Simeon Crane ; Sarah, married Henry 
Baldwin ; Betsy, married Louis Dodd ; Catharine, married Jabez Freeman ; David, Isaac, Caleb. 

SI>LTH GENERATION. 
Caleb B.\LDWIN (2), youngest son of Caleb and Lydia (Johnson) Baldwin, was born in Orange, 
November 2S, 1799, after the death of his father. He is now (1895) one of the oldest persons in Essex 
County, in full possession of all his mental faculties and a man of remarkable vigor and strength for his 
age. He is able to walk four miles a day without fatigue. In his boj-hood, he attended school in the 
old white school-house that stood on the site of the present Brick Church. His teacher was Nathaniel 
Bruen. After completing his studies he was apprenticed to his brother David at the trade of shoe- 
making. About 1827, he opened a shop of his 
own and carried on a successful trade for about 
five years and then started in the meat business. 
About 1836, he opened a country store in Main 
Street, in what is now East Orange, and became 
one of the first countr\- merchants in this local- 
ity. In 1S47, Mr. Baldwin obtained a position 
in the office of the Newark Daily Advcrliscr, 
which he hekl for twenty years and enjoj'ed the 
confidence of his employers. He left the 
employ of the Advertiser to accept a position 
in the office of the Newark Water Board and 
after twelve years of active service he retired, 
having reached his eightieth year. 

In his younger days, Mr. Baldwin ser\ed 
ten years as a member of two different military 
companies of Orange, one of which was com- 
manded by Capt. Robinson. Many of the old 
r volutionary soldiers were still living and the 
military ardor of the young men was at its 
height. It was in 1824, when Mr. Baldwin had 
just reached his twenty-fifth year, that one of 
the greatest events in the history of Essex 
County took place. This was the reception of 
Lafayette by the people of Newark, on his 
second visit to this country. All the military 



I 




C.\LEH BALDWIN (2). 



of the county turned out on that occasion, and Mr. Baldwin marched with his company from Orange to 
Newark and took part in the the great celebrations, his company, among others, being reviewed by the 
Marquis de Lafayette and the Governor of New Jersc\-. 



46 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

With the exception of his military career, Mr. Baldwin iias led a very uneventful life. He has 
made the best of his opportunities. With " malice toward none and charity for all," he has endeavored 
to live up to the golden rule. Upright, honest and conscientious in all his dealings, he has always 
proved himself worthy of the trust and confidence reposed in him, and in his declining \-ears he has a 
" conscience void of offence." 

Mr. Baldwin married, first, in 1S25, Sarah, daughter of Bethucl Pierson, son of Samuel (3), of Samuel 
(2) of Samuel (i), son of Thomas Pierson, one of the original ]?ranford settlers of Newark, and brother 
of Rev. Abraham Pierson. The children of Caleb Baldwin by his first wife were : 

I. Marv, born July 28, 1826. married Caleb Ncagles. 2. HrRAM PlERSOX, born July 20, 1828. 
General passenger agent of the Central Railroad of New Jersey; Married Caroline E. Schnyder, 
daughter of Aaron Schnyder, of Easton, Pa. Their children are: Mary Gertrude; Maggie S., 
married Henry M. Byllesby ; Emily Pierson, married Isaac Post; Caroline Napier, married 
Warrington G. Lawrence. 3. OsCAR L., born March 29, 1S32, married Isabel, daughter of Charles R. 
Akers. Issue: Charles R., I.sabel, Joseph Halsey, Edith Merchant. 4. WiLLlAM H., born December 
25, 1834; resides in Newark. Married Cornelia Price, of Newark, and has four children, viz.: Elizabeth, 
married Frederick F. Guild; Oscar H.; Bertha, married F. Walter Lawrence; Raymond S. 

Caleb Baldwin married, second, Abby D., daughter of Lewis Munn, and had issue, Sarah C, married 
James Clark; Theodore Frelinghuyscn, married Adele Laeis, daughter of Feli.x Laeis, of St. Louis, Mo. 

THIRD OENKRATION, 
Line of Joseph, son of Jonathan, son of Joseph Baldwin. 

Joseph B.\LD\VIN, son of Jonathan, was born November, 29, 16S5. He married Miss Bruen and 
had, among other children, a son, Amos. 

Amos B.\LD\V1N, known as "Deacon Amos," son of Joseph and ( Bruen) Baldwin, was born 

about 1720. He was a devout, earnest Christian and a man of considerable note in his day. He was 
one of the earliest deacons of the First Church and was one of the six elders wlio welcomed Rev. 
Jedediah Chapman to the pastorate, in 1766. He married Mary, daughter of Rev. Daniel Taylor, the 
first pastor of the Mountain Society, in 1721, and had a son, Lewis. 

Lewis Baldwin, son of Amos and Mary (Ta\lon Baldwin, was born in Orange, October 22, 1744. 
lir married Martha, ilaughter of Samuel Williams and had a son, Henry. 

Henry Baldwin, son of Lewis and i\lartha (Williams) Baldwin, was born in Orange, May 24, 1773. 
He married Sarah, daughter of Caleb Baldwin, and had a son, Cyrus. 

Cyrus Baldwin, son of Henry and Sarah Baldwin, was born in th.it i)art of East Orange 
known as Brick Church, in 1808. He had only the advantages of the little neighborhood district school 
and yet he accomplished more than many collegiate graduates of the present age. He grew up on 
the farm and employed his leisure hours during the winter months, as did most of his neighbors, in 
the manufacture of shoes. He took up surveying without any previous instruction and for many years 
before his death was the only surveyor in this locality outside of Newark. He was consciencious and 
painstaking, and his work could always be relied upon. He was employed by Mr. Haskell to 
make all the surveys for Llewellyn Park and during his lifetime he laid out hundreds of acres 
into city lots. He made the original survey of Rosedale Cemetery, Orange. His work extended for 
miles beyond the Oranges. He was for many years justice of the peace and the only recognized legal 
counsellor in this neighborhood. He drew up most of the wills, deeds and other legal documents, not 
one of which has ever been contested on the ground of legal imperfections. He was a man 
of great natural abilitj- ;uid sound common sense. He was often called upon to arbitrate disputes 
between neighbors and seldnm failed to .irr.uigc matters to the satisf.iction of both parties. 
He enjoyed the confidence and respect of the i)eople during his whole life, and not a single act of his 
ever brought dishonor or reproach on the name. By his wise and equitable decisions in the settlement 





The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 47 

of disputes, he ilmibtless saved thousands of dollars in litigation that might have ensued had the parties 
employed the usual methods. While not specially active in Christian work, he lived very near to the 
standard of the golden rule and set a worthy example for Christians to follow. While a man of decided 
convictions, he never gave offence by intruding 
his views on others, and ventured an opinion 
only when called upon to do so. He was a 
devoted husband, a kind neighbor and a stead- 
fast friend. He died August 30, 1854. He 
married Klizabeth Cooper, third child of Giles 
and Sally (Wicks') Mandeville. She was born 
July 8, 1810. Their children were: Henry 

Wicks, born 1831, died July 31, 1868; Giles ' '/ 

Mandcville, born 1833, died August 3, 1888; 
Albert and Abrain Mande\ille, twins, were born 

Julys. "835. 

AlljERT Baldwin, third child of Cyrus 
and Elizabeth (Mandeville) Baldwin, was born 
at the homestead, in East Orange, July 5, 1835. 
He had none of the advantages of the higher '' 
education enjoyed by those of the present gener- 
ation. He mastered the rudimentary branches, 
howerer, in the little village school, and fitted 
himself for the honorable position which he 
has filled for so many years. He entered the 
Orange Bank as a boy when Stephen D. Day was 
its president and W. A. Vermilyea its cashier. 

H, en ■ ^ \ 1 J r il CYRUS BALDWIN. 

e acquired a sufficient knowledge of the 

business in three or four years to enable him to obtain a position in the City Bank, of Newark, in 1856, 
as receiving and paying teller. The only other employees at that time were a book-keeper, clerk and 
"runner." The capital stock of the bank was $300,000, and the deposits amounted to §300,000 annu- 
ally. Even with this amount of business it was a very responsible position for a young man to fill. 
He inherited from his father, however, those strong traits and sterling tjualities that would enable a 
man to succeed in any undertaking, and he proved himself fully equal to the duties he assumed and 
for forty years he has conducted its affairs with rare fidelity and devotion that has won for him the 
warmest affection and confidence of his associates. In 1858 he became its cashier, and now holds the 
dual position of cashier and vice-president. During his administration, the deposits have increased 
from three hundred thousand annually to nearly two million, the capital stock increased to half a million 
and the working force to three times the original number. There are probably few. if any, bank 
employees in the city of Newark who can show so extended a record of faithful service. The 
staying and sterling qualities of the Baldwin family, however, are proverbial. 

The foundation of Mr. Baldwin's success was laid in his native town, but he has not resided there 
since early manhood. His winters have been spent in Newark and his summers at Convent Station, on 
the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western railroad. He has had no time to attend to affairs outside of 
the bank, its duties requiring his undivided attention. He has been for many years a vestryman of 
Grace Episcopal Church, Newark. Mr. Baldwin married, in May, 1861, Jennet P., daughter of Charles 
Hooker, M. D., of New Haven, Conn., a descendant of Rev. Thomas Hooker, who came to New 
England in 1633, settled in Hartford in 1636 and founded the first church in Connecticut. Mr. 
Baldwin's wife died in 1883, leaving children, Charles Hooker, Albert Henry, and Jennet Eliza. 

AbRAM Mandeville Baldwin, son of Cyrus and Elizabeth (Mandeville) Baldwin, and twin 



48 Tnii Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

brotliLT of Albert Baldwin, of Newark, was born at the homestead, on Prospect Street, near Main Street, 
East Orange, July 5, 1835. After leaving school, he began his business career as clerk in the shoe 
manufactory of Joseph A. Condit. In 1859 he established a retail boot and shoe store and was the 
pioneer in the retail trade, the business liaving previously been done by country stores which dealt in 
every class of goods. He soon establisiied a reputation for first-class goods and honest dealings, and 
was enabled to carry a larger stock and greater variet)- than his "general store" competitors. He 
erected a large frame building at 345 Main Street, Orange, which was destroyed by fire in 1S73. This 
was replaced by a fine brick building where he has since carried on a successful and constantly increasing 
trade. During his business career of over thirty-five years, he has passed through the various money 
crises and has been able to meet promptl\- all his obligations, and notwithstanding the fact that competit- 
ors have entered the field from time to time, he has kept well in advance and held his patrons. Like 
his brother, he has devoted his time to his business and mingled but little in public affairs He has 
been a regular attendant at the lirick Church for man\- years and has led an exemplar}-, upright life, 
honored and respected by his neighbors. 

THE CANFIELD FAHILY. 

Mai rilEW Canfield, the American ancestor of this family, was one of the original settlers of the 
New Haven Colony. His name is in the royal charter as petitioner and grantee in 1639. He swore 
allegiance in 1644. He married Sarah, daughter of Richard Treat, of Wethersfield, Conn., before 1643. 
Their children were Samuel, Sarah, Ehcnczer, Matthew, Hannah, Rachael, Jonathan, Mary. He was a 
representative at the General Court in 1654, until the union of the Connecticut and New Haven 
colonies. He came with the colonists to Newark in 1666, and both Matthew and his son Ebenezer 
signed the two Fundamental Agreements. He was one of the committee chosen consisting of "Seven 
Men that should have full Power to hear, e.Kamine and judge of every Man's Estate and Persons, as 
their Rule, &c." He was also one of the commissioners chosen to "agree upon and fully issue the 
Divident Line and Bounds between Elizabeth Town and Newark." He died in Newark in 1673. His 
son Matthew had a .son John, who purchased of C. Ball, 50 acres near the mountain, in 1705. 

SKCOND GENERATION. 

EliENEZER Canfield, eldest child of Matthew and Sarah (Treat) Canfield. was born in 1649, and 
died in 1694. He married Bethia and had a son Joseph. 

THIRD OENERA'riON. 

Joseph Canfield, son of Ebenezer and Bethia ( 1 Canfield, was born in Newark in 1681, and 

died 14th December, 1733, aged 52 years. He was known as " Deacon Joseph." He married Rachael 
Daglish and had children. Benjamin. .\h\<:\, Ebenezer , Betliya, Rachael. 

FOURTH GENERATION. 

EliENEZER Canfield. third son of Deacon Joseph and Rachael (Daglish^i Canfield, was born in 
Newark in 1712, and died June 10, 1775, aged ~i: buried in the old churchyard, at Orange. He married 

Deborah , died December g, 1791, aged 75 ; buried at Orange. Their children were Joseph, Sarah. 

Ebenezer, Deborah. 

Tradition says that red and clover timothy for hay and ])asturage were introduced about the 
beginning of the present century by Ebenezer Canfield, who had the best farm at the mountain. It 
lay at the north side of Main Street, beginning a little cast of the old road to Watsessing (^Bloomfield), 
now Prospect Street, and w^as ne.\t on the east to Moses Jone.s' land, where the Calvary ^L E. Church 
now stands, in East Orange. The site of his large stone house was on Main Street, opposite the 
present Dutch Reformed Church. He was a member in communion with the Mountain Society prior 
to 1756. 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



49 



KIKTH GENERATION. 

Ebenezer Canfield (2), son of Ebenezer and Deborah ( ) Canfield, was born at the homestead 

of liis fatlicr, on Main Street, in 1761 and died 8th September, 1831, in his seventieth year. He served 
in the war of the Revolution as private in Capt. Josiali Pierson"s company, Second Regiment, Essex 
State troops. He married Rhochi 15,iKl\\ in and had chilihen, Ehzabeth, Maria, Harriet, Fanny, Isaac, 
]^cn]am'iu. \ri\, J/oscs B<i/t/u'iii. 1 ie was burieil in the old Orange cemetery. His wife, Rhoda, died at 
Belleville, 22d March, 1815, in her 57th year. Ebenezer signed himself gentleman. Mr. Jotham 
Condit, of East Orange, states that he kept a hotel for a number of years in the old stone house erected 
by his father, and at that time was the owner of the lands in direct line extending northward from his 
homestead in East Orange througli to IMoomfteld. 



<<#*- 



SIXTH GENERATION. 

Moses Baihwin Cam ikld. third son of Ebenezer and Rhoda (Baldwin) Canfield, was born at the 
Canfuld liDinestead, on Main Street. Oran;^e, July 28, 1806. He received a fair education and learned 

the trade of shoemaking, which was the 
prevailing industry of Orange during his 
life. He became master of tiiis and his 
ambition was to excel and to produce the 
best quality of work obtainable, using only 
the finest materials. He began the manu- 
facture of the higher grades of boots and 
shoes early in the thirties and built up a 
large and extensive trade. He began in a 
modest way at first, his factory being near 
his residence on Scotland Street. He 
afterwards owned and occupied the large 
brick buildingadjoiningthe present library 
buikling, near the First Presbyterian 
Church, on Main Street. He used this 
building as a manufactory and had a store 
underneath, where he did an extensive 
retail business. He sold his property on 
Scotland Street and bought a valuable 
property nearly adjoining his factory on 
Main Street. He carried on an extensive 
business there for many years. His house 
and store were destroyed by fire, Decem- 
ber, 1850, and he then moved to the 
opposite side of the street. He also had 
a large factory in Newark. He carried on 
an extensive tratle with the South beft)re the war and made many warm friends among the southern 
people. His generous treatment of them in all his business dealings and the many noble qualities 
exhibited in his personal intercourse with them won for him their respect and admiration, and when the 
separation of the North and South became inevitable they took no advantage of the situation, but 
continued to remit promptly until all intercourse was cut oH, and even then they made frequent remit- 
tances through private sources. Mr. Canfield did a large trade with the East and West during the war 
and obtaineil a reputation for the superior quality of his goods that found a ready demand in ever>' 
market at higher prices than those of his competitors. 




T 



-% 



^v^v:^- 



MOSES n.M.nwi.N canfif.ld. 



50 The Founders and Builders or the Oranges. 

In his private life Mr. Canficld was the soul of honor and integrity. He had a smile and a word of 
encouragement for everyone. The children loved him and when he met them on the street he had a 
kind word for all. Through his great generosity and his desire to help those who were in trouble, he 
often met with severe financial losses, but he never grieved over these ; the satisfaction of having done 
a kind act and of having contributed to the happiness of his fellow-men amply repaid him for all his 
losses. He was a deacon in the First Presbyterian Church in 185 i, and afterwards an elder, serving 
under the Rev. James Hoyt as one of his warmest supporters and most faithful office-bearers of the 
church. Mr. Canfield married Mary Ann Baldwin, daughter of Col. Isaac Baldwin. His children were 
Wtlliavi Henry, Hiram Quimby, Ira, Mary Lucetta, Charles Baldwin, Jane Eliza, Wiley, Jessup. 

SEVENTH QENERATION. 

William Henry Canfield, eldest child of Moses B. and Mary Ann (Baldwin) Canfield, was born 
in Orange, April 12, 1829. After a due course of preparation he entered Princeton College and was 
graduated with high honors. He also took a theological course at Princeton Seminary, intending to 
enter the ministry. He was a young man of great promise and bid fair to make his mark in the world. 
He was an eloquent speaker, a warm-hearted, sympathetic. Christian gentleman, and had already made 
for himself hosts of friends, when he was suddenly cut off at the very threshold of his promised useful 
career. He attended the funeral of a classmate, where he took a severe cold which settled on his lungs 
resulting in his death January 22d, 1856. About one hundred feet from the entrance to Rosedale 
Cemetery, in Orange, is a plain marble obelisk erected by his father, which contains the following 
inscription : 

"III memory of William Henry Canfield, A. M., a {graduate of the College of New Jersey. In the bloom of early manhood, 
rich in the love and esteem of an ever-widening circle of acciuaintanccs and friends, his mind invigorated and embellished by 
study and various learning; prosecuting the two-fold labors of a tutor in his alma mater and of a student in divinity, the past 
fragrant with pleasing memories of duties done, the future bright with hopes of serving God'in proclaiming the gospel of His 
Son, he ceased to be mortal. Entering into rest on the morning of January 23, 1855, at the age of 25 years, 9 months and 
1 1 days." 

Ira Canfield, Jr., third son of Moses Baldwin and Mary Ann (Baldwin) Canfield, was born at the 
homestead of his father, in Orange, where he spent his boyhood daj's. lie was sent early in life 
to the best private schools in Orange, among which were those of Rev. S. S. Stocking and Mr. Alonzo 
Brackett. He was prepared for college, but owing to failing health was unable to continue his studies. 
He finally decided upon a business career and entered his father's employ, and subsequently acquired an 
interest in the business. He inherited many of the traits of character which contributed so largely to 
his father's success. Genial, courteous, obliging, full of push and energy, he was almost without a rival 
as a salesman. He traveled west and south and always kept ahead of his competitors, and not 
unfrequcntly made sales beyond the capacity of his firm to supply. He bought out his father and 
carried on the manufactory at Newark for some years, where he did a most successful business. The 
old employees, who had been with his father for so many years, remained with him and were treated 
with the utmost kindness and consideration. They were influenced, howexcr, by the labor disturbances, 
and while he sought by every means in his power to conciliate them by conceding every reasonable 
demand, they tried his patience beyond endurance until he finally closed out his stock and gave up the 
business about 1872. Later, he started in the grain business in New York City, under the firm name of 
Canfield, McCoun & Co. He was a member of the Produce E.Kchange and for a time did a successful 
business, continuing for a number of years when, owing to continued reduced rates of commission, he 
withdrew. He soon after organized a company of which he was president and treasurer, and began 
the publication of an illustrated paper known as ^^ La Exposicion Norte Americana." He secured the 
best literary talent that could be found and spared no expense in procuring the finest illustrations of 
subjects of great interest to its South American patrons. Portraits and biographical sketches of 
our military leaders, statesmen and other prominent men ; views of historic interest, of our magnificent 
buildings, American scenery, arts, industries, manufactories were selected with the greatest care and 



Thk Founders and I^iii.dkrs ok tiif. Oranges. . 51 

executed in the most artistic manner, thus imparting to the Soutli American people a knowledge of 
our Republic, its greatness and importance that would require years of residence here to obtain. 
Advertisements of leading manufacturers, business houses, with suitable illustrations were inserted, the 
great object being to pave the \va_\' fur an increase of trade with our sister republics of South America. 
It was a great undertaking and gave promise of ultimate success. It was well conceived and ably 
executed. It was followed up by Mr. Canficld with a personal visit by him and his partner to the 
leading cities of South .America and resulled in establishing a more friendly intercourse between these 
republics and the United States and an immense increase in trade. Agencies were opened in the 
[Mincipal cities of Chili, the Argentine Re[)ublic and Hrazil, for our American manufacturers, and direct 
business intercourse established between these people and our own manufacturers. Mr. Canfield left 
his partner there to manage the affairs at that end, while he returned to his New York quarters, wliere 
he could be placed in constant communication with such parties as desired to extend their trade in 
this direction. His partner, in the meantime, was engaged in building up and extending their trade in 
South America, resulting as it tlid in establishing a successful business. In all this affair, which has 
resulted in great public as well as private benefit, Mr. Canfield has been the leading spirit. Notwith- 
standing the severe drawbacks occasioned by the frecpient revolutions in the South American States, 
he has managed the affairs with discretion and safety. 

It is a noteworthy fact that the Canfields, through every generation, have preserved unsullied the 
reputation fpr honesty, integrity and uprightness which characterized their worthy ancestor. The 
.uibject of this sketch, the latest representative of the old Orange family, is no exception, and the 
success achieved by him in life is due to his strict observance of the great moral principles so firmly 
engrafted on each and every generation of his family. Mr. Canfield married Fannie T. Backus, a niece 
and adopted daughter of Judge Franklin T. Backus, of Cleveland, O., a direct descendant of Lieut. 
William Backus, one of the original proprietors of Saybrook, Conn., under the grant made to Lords 
Say and Seal and Lord Brook. 

THE CONDIT FAHILY. 

John Cunditt is known to be the ancestor of nearly all bearing the name of Condit or Condict 
in the United States. Of his ancestry nothing definite is known. Tradition says he came from 
England or Wales. In the "Life of Sir Isaac Newton," by David Brewster, it is stated that John 
Conduit, Knight, married in England, a widow, Catharine Barton, who was a niece of Sir Isaac Newton, 
with whom they resided during the life of Sir Isaac and inherited his estate. Burke's "General 
Armory," referring to the Conduitt family, gives: "Anns. — Gules on a fesse wavy argent between 
three pitchers, double eared or, as many bees volant ppr. Crest. — Two caduccan rods with wings, lying 
fesseways or, thereon a peacock's head erased ppr." 

The earliest reference made to John Cunditt, the American ancestor, is in 1678. lie married, first, 
in Great Britain, where his wife tlied. As his name indicates, he was of Norman descent. He came to 
America in 1678 with his son Peter, and settled at Newark, N. J., where he married, second, Deborah 

, by whom he had a son John, who died a minor. He was the purchaser of lands "in the bounds 

of the town of Newark." in 1689 and 1691. The first deed describes the boundaries as " on the east 
by the river, on the south by said Condit, and on the west by a highway." This description indicates 
a previous deed. The second deed is from Richard Lawrence, March 24, 1691, and conveys to John 
Condit, weaver, nineteen acres of upland for a lawful sum of money. This lot is described as on the 
plain comnionl}- called the " Mill Brook Plain." John Cunditt died in 1713, leaving one son, Petir. 

SECOND GENERATION. 
Peter Condit, son of John Cunduitt, was born in England and came to America with his father. 
He married in 1695, Mary, daughter of Samuel and Mary (Ward) Harri.son (son of Sergeant Richard 
Harrison I. He had issue, Samuel, Peter, John, Nathaniel, Mary, Philip, Isaac. Three of the sons, John, 
Nathaniel and Isaac, settled at the foot of the Orange Mountain on the east. 



52 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

THIRD GENERATION. 

Samuel Condit, eldest son of Peter and Mary (Harrison) Comlit, was bom in the town of Newark, 
December 6, 1696. He married, first, in 1722. Mary Dodd, born November 8, 1698, and who died May 
25, 1755. He died July 18, 1777. 

About the year 1720, lie purchased from tlic Lulians land Iviny between the Orange Mountains in 
what was afterwards called Pleasant Valley. According to tradition, this land was purchased of the 
Indians ; its first pri\atc ownership, as the records show, was vested in Samuel Condit, and its extent was 
such that during his lifetime he gave to each of his five sons fifty acres, and on each lot thus donated 
he erected a house and also gave to each son a family bible. He reserved to himself about seventy 
acres of huul. Three of the farms have e\'er since remained in the family line of descent. Like his 
grandfather John, his first care was that each son should possess a copy of the holy scriptures, an act 
which, combined with the meagre items of his histor\- which are still preserved, indicate the sturdy 
Christian citizen. His selection of a farm was a fortunate one. Taking the Livingston Road west from 
Orange by way of Eagle Rock, and by a long ascent reaching the top of the mountain, the valley 
beyond stretches out in a panorama of neat and productive farms with comfortable and tastefully built 
farm houses. Here was Samuel's home, where 

" In sober state, 

Tliroii^h the sequestered vale of mortal life, 

The venerable patriarch ginleless held 

The tenor of liis way." 

From here, iluring the man\- years of his manhood, was he wont to take his way o\er the mountain 
to the Orange church as often as the time arrived for divine service, and from here was borne his sacred 
dust to the Orange burying-ground, where a simple slab bears the inscription: "Samuel Conduit, Sr.. 
died July 18, 1777." He had survived his first wife more than twenty years. He outlived his second 
wife, Mary Nutinan (widow of Amos Williams), born 1700, whom he married in 1756, ami who died 
February 18, 1777. Their graves are near their husband's, while in close pro.xiniity is that of his third 
son Samuel, whose monument bears the name, "Samuel Conduit, Jr." Here, also, repose the names of 
many useful members of the Condit family. The children of Samuel Condit (i) were: Daiiiil, 
Jotham. Saiiiufl {2), Martha, David, Jonathan. 

KOURTH GENERATION. 
Line of IDaniel, eldest son of Samtiel (1). 
Daniel CuNUir, eldest son of Samuel and Mar)- (Dodd) Condit, was born December 22, 1723, at 
the homestead, situated on the highway between Orange and Swinefield Roads (now Eagle Rock 
Avenue), on the corner where Valley Road crosses the highway. He occupied the farm given hiin by 
his father. He was an earnest patriot and served throughout the War of the Revolution. He was a 
member of Capt. Williams' company, Second Regiment, Essex, also State troops, also Continental 
Ami)'. His brother David was Major of the same regiment and for gallantry was made Lieut. Colonel. 
Daniel was an exemplary Christian and a deacon in the Presbyterian church. He married Ruth, 
daughter of Samuel Harrison, son of Samuel, son of Sergeant Richard, son of Richard Harrison, the 
ancestor of the Harrison famil)'. who died at Branford, Conn., October 25, 1653. The issue of this 
marriage was Adonija, Eunice, Martha, Joel, Amos. SdiiiiuL Ira, Jemima. 

KIKTH GENERATION. 

Samuel Condit, seventh chikl of Daniel and Ruth (Harrison 1 Condit, was born at the homestead of his 
father, August 16, 1761. I le was but fifteen years of age at the breaking out of the War of the Revolution, 
yet he served as private in the Essex County militia. After his marriage he remo\ed to the east side of 
Orange Mountain and resided at what was known as Tory Corners. He was a devout Christian, a kind 
parent and a sincere friend. He was a member of the State legislature early in the century. He 



•*!►• 




IRA H. CONDIT. 



TiiK FrniNDiks and JUii.dkrs ok thf. Oranges. 



53 



married Hannali, daughter of Ichabod Harrison, son of Nathaniel, son of Joseph, son of Richard 
Harrison, the ancestor. His cliildren were: Jemima, died soon; Jemima, again; Eunice, Harriet, 
Samuel, Mary, Abby, Clara, Ira Harrison, Ichabod. Samuel, the father, died August 31, 1S22. 

SI>:'rH GiiNKRATION. 

lUA Harrison CONDIT, tenth child of Samuel and Hannah (Harrison) Condit, was born on the 
corner of Park and Washington Streets, Orange, in what has long been known as the Samuel Condit 
homestead, May 16, 180S. His sisters were born in the old homestead, the stone house on the mountain 
side. His only education was that afforded by the little village school, yet he made the most of his 
limited opportunities anil what he lacked in book knowledge he made up in good judgement and hard 
common sense. He was a live business man in his day and speculated extensively in real estate and 
was, in his early days, a well known contractor in Essex County. He always took an active part in 
politics, which was characteristic of the famil\-, and was one of the leading men of Essex County. 
He was an old line whig until the organization of the Republican party, which he united witli and 
heartily endorsed its principles. He never desired office, but served in the Board of Chosen Freeholders 
from 1 87 1 to 1S74. At one time he owned a large part of what is now Llewellyn Park, and used it 
for farming purposes, which occupation he carried on in addition to his general business. In 1855 '^^ 
sold one hundred acres to Llewellyn S. Haskell, and moved to Roseland in 1858. He has watched the 
transformation of his old farm into the beautiful retreat which it is to-day, with pride, and gave to the 
immortal Haskell many valuable suggestions. 

Mr. Condit is still a large landholder, his property in West Orange, in Livingston Township and in 
Morris County amounting to nearly si.x hundred acres. Among other tracts, he owns the original farm 
of Aaron Kitchcll, his wife's grandfather. Mr. Condit has nearly reached his four score and ten years, 
and is still hale anil hearty and in full possession of all his mental faculties and able to attend personally 
to all his business affairs. Mr. Condit marrieil Phebe F"arrand Mulford, daughter of Timothy, who was 
the son of Timoth\- Mulford; the former married Susan Kitchcll, daughter of Aaron Kitchell, who was 
one of the patriot leaders of New Jersey. In the opening scenes of the Revolution he was foremost in 
the great debate, a zealous and sagacious champion of freedom. At the close of the war he was for 
some years in the State legislature. In 1799 he was elected representative in Congress and held that 
position by successive re-elections till 1807. He was then chosen U. S. senator and served four years in 
that capacity. The issue of Mr. Condit's marriage with Phebe Mulford was: Samuel, born July 9, 
1832; Clara, born January 27, 1834; Hannah, born October 9, 1939 ; E/ias Mulford, born May 22, 1841 ; 
Susan, born July 2, 1843; Sarah, born December 18, 1848; Mary and Harriet, twins, born October 9, 
1850; Ira, born February 5, 1855, died March 24, 1859. 

SEVENTH GENERATION. 

EliaS Mulford Conuit, fourth child of Ira Harrison and Phebe Farrand (Mulford) Condit, was 
born at the homestead of his father, on Eagle Rock Avenue, in what is now West Orange, May 21, 
1 841. His education was received at public and private .schools. With these limited advantages he has 
achieved success far beyond that of many who have received a collegiate education. Like most of his 
ancestors he was endowed with great powers of observation. Gifted with a retentive memory and 
other mental qualifications, he acquired a fund of informatii>n that made up in a great measure the lack 
of a more thorough education. His strong, rugged constitution is due to his early life on the farm. 
His occupation as a survej-or which he subsequently chose, was better suited to his tastes and inclina- 
tions. He became city surveyor and this afYorded him the opportunity for acquiring a knowledge of 
realt\- values that laid the foundation of his subsequent success. He increased tlie circle of his 
acquaintance and made many warm friends, not only in his native town but throughout the county. 
He was never known to sacrifice his friends to further his own interests. In politics he is a republican, 
and has been a zealous worker for his part\-. It was at the solicitation of his friends that he became 



54 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

a member of the Board of Chosen Freeholders and for years its director, a ])osition wliich is recog- 
nized as the most lionorable of any local office in the county. This proved of great political advantage 
to him and was the stepping-stone to higher honors. In 18S5 he was nominated for the legislature b\- 
the republicans of his district and elected by a handsome majority, and re-elected in 1886. lie served 
on several important committees during both sessions of the legislature and \\ ithout any violation of his 
own convictions he fully represented the interests of his constituents and received their heart}' congratu- 
lations for the effective service he rendered his part)-. Still higher honors awaited him, and three years 
later his friends determineil to place him in nomination for Congress. 

At the county convention, held September 20, 1890, he became the unanimous choice of that body. 
The campaign was an e.xciting one and the tariff issue, under the McKinley bill, was pushed vigorously 
by its advocates, and the working people were told that their salvation depended on the defeat of the 
republican part)-. The democratic candidate, Thomas Dunn English, was the strongest man of his 
party in Essex County. He made a strong canvass and, while Mr. Condit ran considerably ahead of 
the ticket, he was defeated by a small majority; his total vote was 21,468 and that of his opponent, 
23,278. Even the defeat was an honor to Mr. Condit. for it showed the strong following he had, not 
only from his own party but hosts of his personal friends in the democratic party testified their 
appreciation of his merits by giving him their hearty support. In 1892, Mr. Condit was chosen by 
his party as one of the delegates to represent his district at the National Convention, held at 
Minneapolis. 

Mr. Condit has been for many years extensively engaged in real estate operations, ami while he is 
an honored descendant of one of the chief Founders he is worthy to be classed among the leading 
Builders. He has done much to improve and beautify his native town, in which he has ahva)-s taken a 
laudable pride. 

He is a worthy representative of the Masonic Fraternity, ami actjuircd his first knowletlgc of its 
mysterious rites in Union Lodge, F. & A. M., of Orange. He is also a member of Orange Chapter, 
U. A. M. He is a member of various other societies in the city and county to all of which he is a most 
liberal contributor. Mr. Condit married, in 1S70, Sarah Louise Beach, daughter of Charles Beach, a 
descendant of Zopher Beach, son of Thomas, who took the oath of fidelity at New Haven, 1654. 
Zopher was in Newark, 1685, called the "well beloved brother" by Samuel and Sarah Lyon, 1687. 
The children of Elias M. and Sarah Louise (Beach) Condit are : Charles Beach, Phebe A., Clara L., 
Wilherforce, Albert Kitchell, Hattie May and Elias Mulford. Jr. 

FOURTH GENERA.TION. 
Line of Samuel (2)- son of Samuel (1). 

Samuel Condit, Jr., third son of Samuel and Mary (Dod) Condit, was born in what is now the 
township of West Orange, January 13, 1729. He married, in 1754, Mary Smith, tlaughter of Joseph 
Smith (son of James Smith, the ancestor of the Smith famil\- of Orange). She died May 26, 1770, 
aged 37 )-ears. He was a farmer on the land inherited from his father and is known to have been a 
very exemplary man, truly pious and Goil-fcaring. His subscription for the erection of the Second 
Meeting House was ^12. Out of 175 subscribers, oid)- two others subscribed an equal amount. Ik- 
was among those who were " regularly chosen to manage the affair of the building." His name appears 
in the list of "Members in Communion of the ^Mountain Societ)- prior to 1756." He married, second, 
in 1774, Martha Carter, widow of Stephen Wilcox, of Elizabethtown, N.J. B\- his first wife he had 
issue, John, Daniel, Moses, Joseph. Aaron, Caleb. By his second wife, Martha Carter, he had Jotliam 

and Samuel, born 1777. 

KIKTH OENERATION. 

Dr. John Condit, eldest child of Samuel (2) and Mary 1 Smith) Condit, was born at the homestead, 
in West Orange, July 8, 1755. He was educated as a physician and surgeon and had only just reached 
his majority when he entered the army, at the beginning of the War of the Revolution, as surgeon in 



Thk Founders and Buildkus nv tiif, Oranoes. 



55 



Col. Vail Cortlaml's battalion, Heard's Hrigadc, June 29, 1776. He was present at the battle of Long 
Island, and soon after this returned to his home in Orange where he began practice and was for many 
years a successful physician in this locality. He was of great .service to the patriots during the war and 
in his journeys over the mountains his life was often in jeopardy. After the close of the war he 
became interested in public alTairs and was a recogni/.ed leader in the community. He was one of the 
founders and was also a trustee of the Orange Academy. He represented his district in the State 
legislature and was a member of Congress from this State from 1799 to 1803, U. S. senator from 1803 to 
1817, and was elected to Congress again in 1819-20. His long term of public service — nearly thirty 
years — interfered with the practice of his profession and in his old age he accepted the position of 
assistant collector of the port of New York. He was often called "Colonel" from the fact of his having 
served as Colonel of State Militia during the present centur\-. His home which he built — a large, fine 
old mansion on Vallc}- Road — is still standing. He died in Orange, May 4, 1834. He married. 
first, Abigail Halsey, by whom he had Caleb, Silas, Charlotte and Joseph. He married, second. Khoda 
Halsey, and had issue, John S., Abigail and Jacob A. 

JOTIIAM CoNDlT, seventh son of Samuel (2), and fifth in descent from John Condit, the ancestor, 
was born at the family home on the I'irst Mountain (now West Orange), March 27, 1775. He was left 
an orphan at the age of eighteen months and was placed under the care of his brother Joseph, to whom 
he was later apprenticed at the trade of shoemaking, and continued in this business through life. His 
education was limited to the little neighborhood district school. When he arrived at the age of twenty- 
three he married Hephzibah, daughter of Benjamin Munn, of Orange. He owned, at this time, property 
on Main Street, in Orange, bounded on the west by Centre Street and on the east by Col. Abraham 
Winans", afterward the home of Albert Pierson. In 1802 he moved to Prospect Street and thence, in 
1809, to Main street, below South Clinton, where he carried on his business of .shoemaking until 1835. 
As was the custom in those days, he made occa- 
sional trips to Philadelphia on foot with his s.imples 
to solicit orders for goods. 

Mr. Condit served his full time in the New 
Jersey militia and in 1S09 was commissioned Ensign 
by Governor Bloomfield, and in June, 181 1, was 
promoted to Lieutenant in the Fifth Regiment, Essex ! 
Brigade, and in this capacit}- did service in the War 
of 18 !2. In politics Mr. Condit was an ardent whig, 
but on the disintegration of that party he joined the 
republicans and so continued during the remainder 
of his life. He was for several j-ears a director in 
the Orange Bank. He was a public spirited citizen, 
giving encouragement to every worthy enterprise. 
He was for many years connected with First 
Church of Orange and a devout attendant at Sab- 
bath and other religious meetings. He was one 
of the promoters and assisted in organizing 
the Second Presbyterian or Brick Church, of East 
Orange, in 1829-30. The last fifteen years of his 
life were spent at the home of his son, Jotham H., 
where he died August 25, 1S62, aged 87 years and 
five months. His children were: Aaron Munn, 
Charlotte, Martha, Melinda, Mary, Jemima, Eliza- 
beth and Jotham Halsey. 

JOTHAM CONDIT. 




56 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



SIXTH GENERAXIOX. 

JOTHAM Halsey Condit, youngest son of Jotham and Hcphzibah (Munni Condit, was born at the 
homestead of liis father, on Main Street, in what is now East Orange, January 19, 1822. His 
educational advantages were confined to the public schools of that day. He served an apprenticeship 
at the carpenter's trade and in 1847 started in the business for himself. His work as a builder was 
carried on with varied success for more than a quarter of a century, retiring in 1873 when he was elected 
township collector which position he held for three years— to 1875. On retiring from the collectorship he 
was elected a member of the Town Committee which ofifice he held for three years, retiring on his own 
volition. In his earlier days he consented to be a candidate for the office of Chosen Freeholder for the 
county and was elected. This position was voluntarily relinquished at the end of one year although 
his record was a creditable one, being a member of the finance committee. Mr Condit is ardently 
devoted to the cause of religion and to the elevation and improvement of his fellowmen. He was an 
elder in the Second Presbyterian or Brick Church for twelve years. On the formation of the First 
Reformed Church in 1875 ''^ was elected one of its elders. In 1885 Mr. Condit compiled and published, 
with the assistance of his nephew, Eben Condit, a genealogical record of the Condit family, a valuable 
contribution to the history of one of the most faithful and earnest settlers and founders of that part of 
the town of Newark embraced in the territory of the Oranges. This work also contains a partial 
genealogy of the Harrison, Williams, Pierson, Smith, Lindsley, Munn and Whitehead families. He has 
also collected genealogical and historical data relating to other old families connected with the Oranges. 

Mr. Condit married, in 1847, Abby Ann, daugh- 
ter of Cheveral Condit, a descendant of John 
Condit, the ancestor. The issue of this marriage is 
six children — two deceased. Edward I., the eldest, 
succeeded his father in business; Herbert J., the 
second son, carries on an extensive grocery business 
in East Orange; Frank P. is engaged in the gents' 
furnishing business, in East Orange; Anna D., 
married Francis W. Lawson. 

Edward Irving Condit. eldest son of Jotham 
and Abby Ann Condit, was born in East Orange, 
X. J., September 14, 1848. While his educational 
advantages were not of the highest, the\- were supe- 
rior to those of any of his family who preceded him. 
1 le attended public school and had one year's tuition 
at Miss Robinson's private school, of Orange. W'ith 
this as a foundation, he entered his father's employ 
antl became, in time, one of the best and most 
jnominent builders in East Orange, succeeding to 
his father's business in 1873. The total valuation of 
the houses he has built will probably exceed a million 
dollars. Among these are some of the finest antl 
most expensive residences in East Orange and 
include among the public buildings the Columbian 
school- house, the best equipped of any public school- 
house in the Oranges, and the Arlington Presbyterian 
Church, erected in 1893. Mr. Condit was one of the 
pioneers in the fire department of East Orange. 
He was a charter member of Ashland Hook and Ladder Company, of which he was afterwards foreman. 
He also assisted in organizing the Firemen's Relief Association and has been for twelve vears its 




JOTHAM HALSEY CONDIT. 



The Founders and Riilders of the Oranges. 



57 



secretary ami was the first president of the Exempt Firemen's Association. He has been a worker 
in the temperance movement, is Past Worthy Chief Templar of the Washington Temple, of Orange, 
and filled tiie several offices in the Order of the Good Templars. He was also connected with the 
I. O. O. F., and is Past Chancellor of the Knights of Pythias. He united with the Brick Church 
in 1S72, from which he withdrew later with a number of others to organize the Reformed Church, of 
East Orange. He was elected one of its first deacons and has held the position continuously up to the 
present time. He has been for many years a teacher in the Sabbath School and one of its most 
faithful workers. He married Miss Charlotte Robinson, daughter of _ 

John Robinson, of East Orange, and had issue seven children, the first 
two deceased in infancy. Of those living are Edward H., Henry L., 
Richard S., Jessie R. and Jotham Robinson. 

Herbert Johnson Condit, second son of Jotham and Abby 
Ann Condit, was born at the homestead, in East Orange, August 
12, 1852. He attended the Ashland public school until he was thirteen 
years of age and then obtained a position in the wholesale dry goods 
and jobbing house of Butler, Broome & Clapp, New York City. He 
remained \\ itii this firm five years and was with Cochrane, McClane 
& Co., in the same line of business, for about the same period of time. 
In 1877 he returned to his native town and opened a gents' furnishing 
store under the firm name of Condit & Ir\ing. Two years later he 
disposed of his interest and opened a grocery on Main Street. He 
built up a successful trade and si.x years later he moved to the large 
and commodious brick building (then recently built) at 529 Main Street, 
opposite Brick Church. His trade increased, necessitating increased 
accomodations, and in 1889 he purchased the whole building, reserving to himself the most desirable 
portion and renting the remainder to good advantage. He was a charter member of Hook and Ladder 
Company No. i, which he assisted in organizing. He is also a charter member and president of the 
E.xempt Firemen's Association ; is a member of Longfellow Council, Royal Arcanum; one of the founders 
and treasurer of the East Orange Conclave, Order of Heptasophs, and was formerly an active member 
of Washington Temple of Honor, of Orange. He became, early in life, a member of the Second 
Presbyterian or Brick Church and was among the original members who withdrew from that church to 
organize the First Reformed Church, of East Orange, of which he is a deacon. He has been identified 
with the Sunday School since early childhood and is at present assistant superintendent of the Sunday 
School conected with the First Reformed Church. He married, in 187S, Phebe E. Condit, daughter of 
Daniel H., a descendant, through another line, of Samuel Condit, the ancestor of the Orange family 
of this name. His children are Mary Squier, Abbie Harrison, Herbert Johnson, Jr., and Hattie Osmun 




EDWARD IRVING CONDIT. 



THE DAY FAHILY. 

Georce DA^■, the New Jersey ancestor of this family, was among the Milford signers of the 
" Fundamental Agreement." He had the fourth lot in the first assignment made to the Milford settlers 
His " Home Lott," as shown by an old Newark map, was bounded by the present Broad, Walnut and 
Mulberry Streets, and adjoining that of Nathaniel Wheeler. He married ALary, daughter of Edward 
Riggs and had children, Paul, George and Samuel. He died before 1685, and his widow married 
Anthony Oleff, whose homestead was at the mountain within the present limits of Llewellyn 
Park. In March, 1685, Paul, George and Samuel Day had surveyed to them sixty acres of land, 
bounded on the west by the mountain, on the south by Matthew Williams's land, on the east by Wigwam 
Brook and on the north by the common. In Januaiy, 1688-9, George Day exchanged lands with 
Matthew Williams, the latter parting with a dwelling-house, shop, orchard and other property and lands 



58 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

near Newark, and receiving two tracts at the mountain, one bounded east by the Wigwam Brook and 
the other (swamp land) bounded by Parrow"s Brook. The first wife of George Day (2) is not known ; 
his second wife, Phebe, he married \n 171 1. He had among other children a son, Joseph. 

Joseph Day, son of George (2), was born, probably, in Newark. His will names children Joitat/iaii, 
Amos, Thomas, Paul and Stephen A. A deed dated 1744, executed by Joseph Day, conveys a tract of 
land in Newark to "my beloved son, Jonathan Day." Joseph Day contributed, in 1753. .^i.ios to the 
new church building of the Mountain Society. 

Jonathan Day, son of Joseph, was born in the town of Newark. He married a Mrs. Clark and 
had two sons, Isaac and David, and a daughter, Hannah. 

David Day, son of Jonathan and (Clark) Day, was born, probably, in what is now Orange. 

The home of David Day is described in a road laid out in 1733, as " Beginning at the house of David 
Day, thence running as the road now runs to a certain chestnut tree, near the house of Amos Williams, 
said tree standing on the northeast side of said highway." David Day married Elizabeth Lyon, and 
had five sons, viz.: Jonathan, Stephen D., David and two sons named Josiah. He had six daughters: 
Phebe, Hannah, Mary, Elizabeth and two named Comfort. 

Stephen D. Day, son of David and Elizabeth (Lyon) Day, was born at Camptown, now Irvington, 
July I, 1771. On March 30, 179S, he purchased a lot on the southwest corner of RLiin and Cone Streets, 
and built a two-story house, on the first floor of which he opened a country store. He subsequently 
formed a co partnership with John Morris Lindsley, whose sister he married some years later. The 
partnership was dissolved in 181 1, and Mr. Day built a new store on the site now occupied by the 
Orange Savings Bank, the easterly corner of Main and Cone Streets. Mr. Day bought out Mr. Lindsley 
in 181 1, and in 1813 he sold all his property on the south side of Main Street, taking in part payment 
the northeast corner of Main and Day Streets, on which he built a fine house which he occupied until 
his death, the lower part being occupied by him as a store. At tiic time of this purcha.se Day Street 
was not opened. This building was destroyed by fire on the night of March 3, 1866. Mr. Day was 
the first and the most successful merchant in Orange and prominent in public affairs throughout the 
county. He invested largely in real estate in different parts of Orange and sold at a very small 
advance over the cost in order to encourage settlement. He was a man of great liberality and when 
the third meeting-hou.se in Orange was built he subscribed $300 towards it. During the war of 1812-15 
he raised and commanded a company of infantry which was mustered into the United States service. 
He was a leader in and a promoter of nearly every public enterprise in this locality. He assisted in the 
organization of the Orange Bank, in ^^^^^^ which he was a large stockholder, was 

its first president, continuing in office for ^Kj^^^^^^ twenty-four years. He was for manj- 
years one of the judges of the County ^^B-^-.-^^^^ Coiut of Common Pleas. He was twice 
elected to the State Senate. He was a ^^v /T^^^^B director and for a time temporary presi- 
dent of the Morris and Essex Railroad ^^K« ^J^^H Company. He was a man of decided 
convictions, and when his mind was once ^^^^T'^^^^V 'ii<it'<-' >-'P nothing could swerve him from 
the course he had marked out for himself. ^^^^^^^^W ^^^ became early in life a strong advocate 
of temperance at a time when intoxicants ^^^^^^^^ were freely used as a beverage in almost 
every family. He gave up the sale of it, sTEPiinx n. day. which was a source of great profit and 
formed a part of the stock in trade of every country merchant. He never clung to any of the old time 
prejudices which were so common in his day, but was always ready to adopt any real improvement. 
He bought a piano for his daughter, said to be the first ever brought to Orange. It is claimed that he laid 
the first sidewalk in front of his own premises ever laid in Orange. It is also claimed that he brought 
the first load of anthracite coal to Orange, but as the stoves of the day were not constructed for its use 
it did not prove a success. 

Judge Day was twice married. His fiist wife, Sarah, was a daughter of Judge John Lindsley (see 
Lindsley family), whose old homestead was in South Orange. The issue of this marriage was six 
children, of whom three died in infancy. Of those who lived were Robert Patloii, born December 16, 



The Founders and Ruii.df.rs of the Oranges. 59 

1799; Eliza, born October 8, 1805, married Rev. George Picrson ; Charles Rodney, born November 6, 
1808, died August 19, 1870. Judge Day married, second, Mary, a sister of his first wife. Of the 
second marriage there was no issue. 

Robert Patton Day, eldest child of Stephen D. and Sarah (Lindsley) Day, was born at the 
homestead, in Orange, December 16, 1799. He died in 1844, before his father. He married Mary 
Williams, daughter of Moses Dodd [son of Moses, son of Joseph, son of Daniel (3), son of Daniel (2), 
son of Daniel (i)]. Their children were: Sarah Elizabeth, died young; Stephen D, died young; 
Mary. Gertrude; Phebe, the youngest, married James E. Reynolds. Their children are: Frank Day, 
Stella, Mary, Gertrude, Frederick C , Phebe E., Robert D. and Ethel E. Robert Patton Day married, 
secondly, Catharine, daughter of Jcptha lialdwin (sec Baldwin family), and had one son, Robert 
Lindsley, living at Somcrville, N. J. 

Charles Rodney Day, second son of Stephen D. and Sarah (Lindsley) Day, was born November 
6, 180S. He married Lucy R. Alvord and had issue, Charles, died young; Lucy E., Stephen D. and 
William A. 

Stephen D., son of Charles Rodney and Lucy R. (Alvord; Day, married Elizabeth M. Martine, 
daughter of Theodore Martine, of New York. They have Elizabeth Martine, Stephen D, and Helen 
Alvord. 

William A., youngest child of Charles Rodney Day, married Rachael T. Barber, of Atlanta, Ga. 
They have one child, William A. 

Charles R. Day's wife was Lucy Robinson Alvord, daughter of Gains Alvord and Eunice Robinson 
a descendant of John Robinson, who came over with the Mayflower emigration. Their children were 
six in number: Lucy E., Charles Patton, Stephen Delavan and William Austin, twins, Frederick 
Norman and Frank AK'onl. Charles Patton died at the age of five years and the twins in infancy. 

THE DODD FAMILY. 

The Dod family is one of great antiquity and is variously spelt Dot, Dod and Dodd. In Burke's 
Heraldry it is stated that " Hova, son of Cadwgan Dot, who was the founder of the family about the 
time of Henry 11, having married the daughter and heir of the Lord of Edge, in Cheshire, obtained 
one-fourth of that manor and settled there." Ormond says: " Dot, the Saxon lord of sixteen manors, 
either exclusively or of a considerable proportion thereof, was joint Lord of Cholmondeley, Hampton, 
Groppenhall and two-thirds of Beckerton, with Edwin, a Saxon thane, who was allowed, after the 
Norman conquest, to retain possession of his lands at Edge, in Cheshire. The Dod pedigree, entered 
by Baron Dod, in the visitation of 1613, gives four descents after Cadwgan, and again commences with 
Hova Dod, after which it proceeds in a clear descent." Near one extremity of the Dod estate, in Edge, 
in a place called the Hall Hegs, are vestiges of a mansion which was most probably the earliest 
residence of the family. 

Daniel Dod, the ancestor of most of the families of this name in East New Jersey, was probably 
an early settler of Wethersfield, Conn. His name appears among the list of forty planters who, in 
1644, purchased from the Indians the plantation of Totoket, which they named Branford. These 
settlers were mostly from Wethersfield, a few coming from the New Haven colony. Daniel Dod (i), 
died about 1666. By his wife, Mary, he had seven children, of whom Daniel (2) was the third child. 

SECOND OENERA-XION. 

Daniel Dod (21, third child of Daniel (i) and Mary ( ) Dod, was born in Branford, Conn., 

about 1650. He came with the original Branford settlers to Newark and his name appears in the 
Newark Records, 1667-8, in the " Sure List of Every Man's Estate, approved by the Sale Men with 
their deductions." His deduction was A' 100. He was "Granted an Acre and a Half of Land to build 



6o The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

upon near Hauiis Albers Lott." He also had "given him tliat Acre and a Half i>f upland above Hauns 
Albers Lott." On May 13, 1672, "Daniel Dod is to have his Meadow Lay'd out by a i^ioo Estate." 
On March 30, 1677, he, together with Edward Ball, was " chosen to run the North Line with the Indians 
and meet with the others (who were to run the west line) on the Mountain." On January 24, 1686-7, 
he was one of the "Committee appointed to give instructions in the Town's Behalf." He was chosen a 
deputy to the Provincial Assembly, in 1692. In 1701 he signed, with a hundred or more citizens of 
Newark, an agreement to purchase, with the consent of the Lords Proprietors, the lands west of the 
bounds of Newark purchase. The " Bill in Chancery" mentions surveys for Daniel Dod in 1679, by a 
warrant from the Proprietors. He and his sons owned a large tract of land in Watscssing (now 
Bloomfield), and in that part of Orange bordering on Bloomfield. Daniel Dod married, probably. Phebe 
Brown, daughter of John Brown, and had issue, Daniel ii), Stephen and John (i). 

THIRD OENERAXION. 
Line of Daniel (3), eldest child of Daniel (2), son of Daniel (1). 

Daniel Dod (3), eklest child of Daniel (2) and Phebe (Brown) Dod. was born in Newark, about 
1680 and died in 1767. As there were two other Daniels mentioned in the Newark Town Records 
during the life of Daniel (3), it is somewhat difficult to ascertain who was referred to except when the 
name of his wife was mentioned. He married Sarah, daughter of Samuel and Mary (Nash) Ailing. 
This Samuel Ailing was one of the founders of the New Haven Colony in 1639, and signed the original 
compact. The first mention of his name in the Newark Records is on February 28, 1700. He probably 
settled in Newark a little previous to that time. The children of Daniel (3) and Sarah (Ailing) Dod 
were: Eunice, born 1718; Sarah, born 1720; Thomas, born 1723; Daniel (4), born 1725; Isaac, born 
1728; Joscpli, born September 12. 1731 ; Moses, born 1734; Amos, born 1737; Caleb, born 1740. 

FOURTH QENERA.TION. 

JOSETH Doi), son of Daniel (3) and Sarah (Ailing) Dod, was born September 12, 1731. He married 
Mary Lindsley, daughter of Ebenezer Lindsley (son of Francis Linley or Lindsley, one of the first 
settlers of Newark). She died February 14, 1763, aged 29. He married, secondly, Sarah Williams, 
daughter of Amos Williams, Esq. (born I-'ebruary 23. 1742, and died September 3, 1818). Joseph Dod 
lived and died in Orange. By his first wife he had Matthias, born April 29, 1753, Ebenezer, Rachel, 
Joseph and Mary, twins, and two other twins born 1763. Joseph Dod had by his second wife, Amos, 
Abigail, Daniel, Moses, Lydia, Abigail, Allen. 

KIKTH QENERA.TION. 

Matthias Dodd, eldest son of Joseph and Mary (Lindsley) Dodd, was born in thai part of 
Newark now known as Orange, April 29, 1753. He was a farmer and carpenter and during the War of 
the Revolution he served with the Esse.x County Militia. He took part in the battle of Si)ringfield, 
anil at the battle of Monmouth he cajjtured from the enemy a good musket leaving his old one in place 
of it. This subsequently fell into the hands of his grandson, Matthias, who presented it to the trustees 
of the Washington Headquarters, at Morristown. After the close of the war Matthias Dodtl worked at 
hi? trade as a carpenter. He cut timber in the mountains, framed and shipped it to New York, where 
it was used in the erection of buildings some of which are probably still standing. On July 2T), 1801, 
while on an excursion to Coney Island, Matthias was drowned in the attempt to save his daughter, 
Rachel. She, with her cousin, Stephen Munn, got out beyond their depth. Her father, who was an 
excellent swimmer, went to assist them, but both of the drowning ones caught hold of him at the same 
time and all perished together. Matthias married Sarah, daughter of Joseph Munn (born August 31, 
1759, died May 31, 1848). He had issue, Jared, William, Rachel, Lewis, born September 8, 1784, Abby, 
Charlotte, Bethuel, Nancy, Mary. 



The Founders and Builders ok the Oranges. 6i 

SIXTH GENERATION. 

Lewis DOUD, son of Mattliias and Sarah (Munn) Dod, was bom in Orange, Sc|)tcmber 8, 17S4. 
lie carried on tlic shoeinaking business for several years. He also, at one time, took cargoes of fruit 
and cider to sell at the South. On one of these voyages he had to leave his cargo on account of the 
yellow fever, incurring a ruinous loss, but by his perseverance acquired a connpctcncy for his old age 
and made a good provision for his children, lie married, November 12, 1808, Elizabeth Baldwin, 
daughter of Caleb Baldwin, who was born December 17, 1788. They resided in East Orange and had 
issue, Rachel, born August 20, 1809, married John Dunham; Jane, born September 11, 1 8 ii, married 
Fernando Crans ; Matthias Munn, born January 24. 18 14; Lydia, born April 9, 1S16; Jared, born April 
27, 1818; Sarah, born August 8, 1820; William, born November 11, 1822 ; Bcthucl Lnvis, born January 
16, 1826; Julia Ann, born February 17, iSj8, married lulwaril Wallace. 

SEVENTH GENEKA.TION. 

IMaitiiias Munn Dodu, third chikl and eldest son of Lewis and Elizabeth (Baldwin; Dodd, was 
born at the homestead built by his grandfather on "Whiskey Lane," now Grove Street, East Orange, 
January 24, 1814. His education was limited to the rudimentary branches taught in the little country 
school and he spent much of his time on his father's farm. In later years he engaged in other enter- 
prises ; he bought and sold timber, dealt in cattle, &c. He was never idle either in summer or winter. 
About 1 84 1 he started a milk route which he continued for nearly fifty years, and for nearly forty years 
of the time was also engaged in the coal business with his brother-in-law. He owned considerable real 
estate and when prices advanced so that it was no longer profitable to hold it as farm land, he disposed 
of a large portion of it. He reinvested his money in improved property which yielded a good income. 
Much of this he divided among his relatives and gave to various benevolent objects. His interest 
centered in the First Congregational Church, of East Orange, of which he was one of the founders and 
staunchest supporters. As the population of East Orange increased, he kept well abreast of the times 
and was a firm advocate of public improvements. He served on the town committee of Orange before 
its disintegration and gave his hearty support to the movement which led to the formation of East 
Orange into a separate township. He was afterwards elected a member of the Township Committee of 
East Orange. While eschewing politics he voted for a number of years with the Republican party, but 
withdrew later and gave his support to the prohibitionists. He was a director of the People's Insurance 
Company and is now a director of the Merchants' Insurance Company, both of Newark. Although brought 
up in the old Calvinist school of theology, Mr. Dodd has always opposed its teachings and held to more 
liberal views and advanced thought. This eventually led him into the fold of the Congregational church 
and he is now a firm believer in its teachings. Mr. Dodd married, first, Harriet, daughter of Stephen 
Rowe. Three children were born to them, viz.: Elizabeth, who married Aaron P.Mitchell; Myra, 
married Horace N. Jennings, and Adelaide. His first wife died in 1880, and he married, second, Mrs. 
Emily Bullock, nee Padden. Although well advanced in years he is still strong in body and in mind 
and able to give his personal attention to all his business affairs. 

Bethuel Lewis Dodd, eighth child of Lewis and Elizabeth (Baldwin) Dodd, was born at the 
homestead of his grandfather, in East Orange, January 16, 1826. He received his preparatory course at 
Hamilton College and also had the benefit of private tutors. He entered the sophomore class at 
Princeton College in 1846. He studied medicine with Dr. Coles, of Newark, and entered the College 
of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, in 1849. He afterwards became associated with Dr. Cole.s, of 
Newark, continuing for nearly thirty-five years. He was District Physician, Police Surgeon and surgeon 
for the N. J. R. R. Co. At the breaking out of the Civil War in 1861, he was volunteer surgeon of 
Ward's Hospital and examining surgeon for several New Jersey regiments. From about 1862 to 1872 
he was County Physician of Essex. 

Dr. Dodd, in 1864, in connection with John R. Burnett, published " Genealogies of the Male Descend- 



62 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

ants of Daniel Dod, of Branford, Conn., a native of England, 1646 to 1863." He also assisted Mr. C. C 
Baldwin in the preparation of the Baldwin Genealogy. Dr. Dodd is a life member of the New Jersey 
Historical Society, also of the Cliosophic Society of Princeton College. Dr. Dodd married, first, 
October 4, 1854, Susan E. Jaques, daughter of John D. and Clarissa (Freeman) Jaques, son of John C. 
and Margaret (Dobbs) Jaques. She was born October i, 1821, and died February 11, 1870. Dr. Dodd 
married, second, Gertrude Ray Ward, daughter of Richard Ray and Gertrude E. (Doughty) Ward, a 
descendant of one of the most distinguished families in this country. She is own cousin to Julia Ward 
Howe, also to Mrs. Crawford, the sculptor, and to the famous "Sam Ward," of Washington. Dr. 
Dodd retired from acti\e practice in 1876 and has since engaged in literary pursuits and in the manage- 
ment of his wife's large estate and other business affairs. His children by his first wife were: Milton 
Coles, Clara Branch, Matthias Munn and Lydia Grace. By his second marriage he had issue, Edward 
Lewis, Annie May, Richard Ward, deceased, Gertrude Emily, Samuel Ward, Louisa Margaret. 

THIRD OENERATION. 

Lint,' of Jolin (1), youngest child of Daniel (2). 

J(iH.\ DoD (i), youngest son of Daniel (2) and Phebe (Brown?) Dod, was born in Newark, about 
1695. His property embraced a large tract of land in what is now East Orange, formerly known as 
" Dodd Town," bordering on and embracing a considerable portion of Watsessing plains. He was a 
leader in the movement organized by the property owners living near the mountain to resist the claims 
of the Lords Proprietors. He owned about 500 acres, e.xtending from a line a little west of the Bethel 
Presbyterian Church, north and northwest towards Bloomfield, including the site of the old saw mill 
between Dodd Street and Bloomfield Township. A portion of this land, on which the copper mines 
were worked, is mentioned in the early deeds and contracts as " Rattlesnake Plains." John Dod died 
about 1762. His wife was Elizabeth Lampson, by whom he had issue, Eleazar, Abigail, married Job 
Crane ; Jo/in (2), born 1726; Mary, Phebe, Duvid, born 1733, and Elizabeth. 

FOURTH QENERA.TION. 

John Dod (2), eldest son of John (^i) and Elizabeth (Lampson) Dod, was born in Dod Town, in 
1726. In 1754 he was chosen assessor of the town of Newark, which then included nearly the whole 
county of Essex, and was re-elected annually for several years. During the War of the Revolution he 
served in the Second Regiment of Es.sex, also in Capt. Craig's company, State troops. He died 
November 13, 1795. He married Jane, daughter of Joseph Smith, son of James Smith, the ancestor of 
the Smith family of Orange. His children were: Hannah, born 1753; Eleazar, born 1757; Uzal, 
born 1759; John, born 1761, and Linus, born 1765. 

KIKTH QKNERATION. 

Eleazar Dodd, eldest son of John (2) and Jane (Smith) Dodd, was born in 1757, in Dod Town. 
He owned a farm which ran along the present line of Prospect Street, which was afterwards divided 
between his sons, Stephen and Abial. He served as a Minute Man in the War of the Revolution in the 
same company with his father. He died on the farm where he was born, in 1807. He married Abigail 
Harrison, daughter of Stephen Harrison, son of Nathaniel, son of Joseph (l), son of Sergeant Richard 
Harrison, the ancestor of most of the Harrisons of Orange. They had issue, Hannah, born 1783; 
Stephen, born 1786; Abial, born 1789; Lydia, born 1792. 

SIXTH QENBRATIOiN. 

Stephen Dodd, second child of Eleazar and Abigail (Harrison) Dodd, was born at the homestead 
of his father, on what is now Prospect Street, September 26, 1786. He carried on an extensive business 
for many years as contractor and builder. He owned the property on the southwest corner of Main 




SAMUEL M. DODD. 



Tur; Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 63 

and Harrison Streets, and carried on business there for a number of years. After the death of Samuel 
M. Dodd, his cousin, he took charge of the saw mill at Dodd Town and continued the business for 
twenty years, until Samuel Uzal Dodd, son of Samuel M. Dodd, became of age. He sold his home- 
stead, corner of Main and Harrison Streets, Orange, and built himself a house on Prospect Street, on a 
part of the farm which he inherited from his father. He spent the remaining years of his life in that 
house. He was modest and unassuming in his manner, unselfish and charitable, with a kind word for 
every one. He was a man "known and read of all men," and his friends were legion. He was open, 
frank and honest and without guile, and there was much that was loveable in his nature. It may be 

truly said of him that : 

" His life was gentle; and the elements 
So mix'd in him that Nature might stand up 
And say to all the world, this was a man." 

He was for many years a member of the old ]*"irst Presbyterian Church, of Orange, and afterwards 
assisted in organi/.ing the Secontl Presbyterian, now known as the Brick Church, of East Orange. Mr. 
Dodii married February i, 1826, Mary Condit, and had issue: 

1. Stephen Harrison Dodd, bom at the homestead, on the corner of Main and Harrison 
.Streets, January ", 1828. He resides at present in the house built b\- his father, on Prospect Street. 
He married Susan C. Washburn, daughter of Silas and Lydia (Baldwin) Washburn. Their children are : 
Silas Washburn, born November 18, 1857, married Elizabeth Clark; Letitia Chardevoyne, and Henry 
Van/.andt. 

2. ViNER Vanzandt Dodd, born December 17, 1829. He lived for a number of years with his 
father, in the old homestead at Dodd Town. He resides at present in a modern cottage on Midland 
Avenue. He married, November 20, 1856, Abby Porter, and had issue, Mary Linden, and Samuel 
Irving, born March 17, i860, died April 12, 1861. 

3. Samuel Morris Dodd, third child of Stephen and Mary (Condit) Dodd, was born at the 
homestead, in Dodd Town, now East Orange, June 3, 1832. He attended the little district school in 
his neighborhood and completed his education at the Bloomfield Academy, a famous educational 
institution in its da\-. At the age of fourteen he started on his business career as clerk in a country 
store in Orange, and two years later he obtained a position in the ofifice of a wholesale hat, cap and fur 
house on Water Street, New York. As a lad he was honest, industrious, painstaking, and attended 
faithfully to the interests of his employers. He remained with this firm three years and his prospects 
for further advancement were very good. The West at this time offered great inducements to young 
men, and he determined to avail himself of the opportvmities offered for improving his condition. He 
went to St. Louis in February, 185 i, and found employment with the hat, cap and fur house of Baldwin. 
Randall & Co. His knowledge of the business acquired in the East proved of great advantage to him 
in his new connections, and he grew in the estimation of his employers so that at the end of five j'ears 
he was received into the firm as a junior member. In 1863 he bought out his partners and continued 
the business in his own name until 1S66, when he wound up its affairs and became one of the founders 
and senior member of the wholesale dry goods firm of Dodd, Brown & Co. This became one of the 
largest and best known diy goods houses in the West, and Mr. Dodd was recognized as one of the 
leading merchants of St. Louis. He continued his connection with this firm until 1885, when he 
retired. During this period he had become actively identified with other large enterprises which 
required more or less of his time and attention. He was at that time president of the American Brake 
Co., and of the Broadway Real Estate Co, and has since become interested in numerous other corpora- 
tions. He is now president of the Missouri Electric Light and Power Co., president of the Edison 
Illuminating Co., vice-president of the American Central Insurance Co., vice-president of the National 
Bank of Commerce, and a director in numerous other institutions. 

During the Civil War, altlioii,i;h in the midst of the enemies of his cmintry, Mr. Dodd was true and 
loyal to the government, assisted and encouraged enlistments and took part in the various public 



64 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

movements for the support of the Union cause. While lie has never shirked any known duty and has 
given his hearty support to the various public improvements in the city of his adoption, he 
eschewed politics and declined public of^ce. As a loyal republican he has been faithful to his party 
and contributed to its success. Modest and unassuming in his demeanor, Mr. Dodd possesses qualities 
of mind and heart that endear him to all who know him. He has proved himself a true and 
worthy representative of the Dodd family, that for generations have preserved a spotless escutcheon. 
Though identified for almost a lifetime with the growth and prosperity of the great West, Mr. Dodd 
has never lost his interest in the scenes of his childhood. Not only his own immediate family, but the 
playmates of his youth are remembered by him witli tender solicitude and affection. His frequent 
visits to the home of his childhood are hailed with joy by his circle of friends and acquaintances, who 
are proud of the fact that the little village of Dodd Town has produced at least one of the successful 
merchants of the great West. 

4. AiilAL Monroe, born March 25, 1834. 

5. Henry Pierson, born January 28, 1836. 

6. Harriet Pierson, bom January 26, 1839. 

7. Ira Condit, born June 26, 1841. 

8. Marcus Di.kon, born January 17, 1844. 

FOURTH GENERATION. 

Line of IJavid, si^cth child of John (1), soi^ of Daniel (2), son of Daniel (1). 

David Dod, sixth child of John (i) and Elizabeth (Lampson) Dod, was born at the homestead, in 
Dodd Town (East Orange), nth October, 1733. He inherited his share of the property and was a large 
landowner. He served with the Essex County Militia in the War of the Revolution. He carried on 
the grist mill and in addition to this business he had a large citler mill, where he did a very extensive 
business and manufactured and coopered all his own barrels. He married Sarah, daughter of Joseph 
Harrison (son of Joseph, who was the son of Sergeant Richard Harrison, the ancestor of the Newark 
and Orange family of this name). They had issue, Mary, Zcbina, Elizabeth, Rhoda, Abigail, Sarah, 
D(i7'ic/ {2). born June, 1773, Pliebe, Lydia, Da\id (1), died March 31, 1817. In his will, made in 1790. 
he left the mill property to be enjoyed equally between his two sons, David, Jr.. and Zebina, 

KIKTH GENERATION. 

David DOD (2), seventh child of David (i) and Sarah (Harrison) Dod, was born in that part of 
what is now East Orange, formerly Dodd Town, June 2, 1773. He served his time with his father and 
continued to operate the grist mill for a time, and about thirty years before his death he leased it to 
certain parties for a woolen mill, lie was a man highly respected in the community. He married, 
June 22, 1800, Lydia Ward, daughter of Samuel L. Ward (son of Lawrence, son of Josiali, son of 
John Ward, Jr., who settled in Newark, 1666, and in Bloomfield before 1700). The children were: 
Joseph Chandler, Eliza Ward, Mary Ann, Ellen Margaret, Reuben ]]\, born August 5, 18 12, Margaret, 
Almira, Josia/i Farrand. 

SIXTH GENERATION. 

Reuben W. Dodd, fifth child of David (2) and Ljdia (Ward) Dodd, was born in that part of 
East Orange formerl\- known as Dodd Town, August 5, 1812. He attended the district school at Dodd 
Town and assisted his father in the grist mill, of which he became proprietor about ten years before his 
father's death. He did a thriving business at the mill for many years and also kept a dour and feed 
store on Main Street, on the site of the present post office. Mr. Dodd served on several occasions as 



TiiK Founders and IJiiidkus ok tiik Oranges. 65 

Surveyor of Roads foi Essex County. He took an active part in the affairs of Orange Township and 
more espcciall)' those of East Orange after it became a separate townsliip. Altliough a republican in 
politics, he couiil not be called a partisan ; he was too liberal minded for that. He was best known 
in Masonic circles and in his daily life exemplified the teachings of the Order. He was a member and 
for a lon^ time the treasurer of Union Lodge, of Orange, F. & A. M., prompt in his attendance at 
the regular comnninications and ever ready to assist in carrying on the work. He was equally 
prominent in the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and recognized the strong ties which bound this 
noble brotherhood together. He passed through the several chairs of Lafayette Lodge, No. 12, of 
which he was long a member. He was also highly honored in the Encampment and was Past High 
Priest of Mt. Ararat Encampment, of Newark. He died October 9, 1870, and was buried with Odd 
Fellow and Masonic honors. The funeral ceremonies on the part of the Odd Fellows were conducted 
by Theodore N. Ross, Past Grand Master of the State of New Jersey, and on the part of the Masonic 
Fraternity by Leander Williams, VV. M., of Corinthian Lodge, of Orange. 

Mr. Dodd marrieil late in life, Nancy Maria Doty, born at Sloansville, Schoharie, County, N. Y., 
June 9, 1834, daughter of Asa and Elizabeth (Day) Doty (born at Sharon, Conn., April 28, 1795), son 
of Jesse and Lydia (Strong) Doty (born at Sharon, Conn., 1772), son of Asa and Sarah (Barnum) Doty 
(born at Wareham, Mass., Nov. 6, 1746). Asa was a soldier in the Revolution, was ensign in 1775, in 
Albany Co., N. Y. He lived in Sharon, Conn., and died there in 1788, by a fall from a wagon. He 
was the son of Capt. Samuel and Zeriah (Lovell) Doty. Capt. Samuel Doty, born in Rochester, Mass., 
about 1713, removed to Wareham, and in 1747, to Sharon, Conn., where he practiced surveying and 

became a prominent citizen. He was the son of John and Elizabeth ( ) Doty. John Doty was 

born at Rochester, Mass., March i, 1688. He was the son of Joseph and Deborah (J-fatch) Doty. 
Joseph Doty was born at Plymouth, Mass., April 30, 165 r. He was a surveyor and farmer and one of 
the original purchasers and settlers at Rochester, Mass., and was treasurer of the town. He was the son 
of Edward and Faith (Clark) Doty. Edward Doty, the emigrant ancestor of the family, was born in 
1599 and was one of the "blessed company " who came on the Mayflower to Plymouth, Mass., in 1620. 
The children of Reuben W. and Nancy Maria ( Doty) Dodd were : Lydia Caroline, David Asa, Lizzie C. 
and John Brower. 

JOSIAH Farrand Doud, youngest child of David (2) and Lydia (^Ward) Dodd, was born at the 
homestead of the family, corner of Dodd Street and Midland Avenue, February 19, 1818. After 
completing his education he went to Newark and learned the coach making trade. Later in life he 
engaged in the manufacture of prussiate of potash, in Newark. Mr. Dodd was twice married ; his first 
wife was Sarah Maria Ward, daughter of Elijah Ward, of Morristown, to whom he was married in 1842. 
Three children were the issue of this marriage — Matilda (still living), married John Brower, of New 
York City. They have four children, John, Jr., Ward, Farrand D., Beatrice. Mr. Dodd married, secondly, 
Eleanor Carhuff. of Pennsylvania. The issue of the second marriage of Mr. Dodd was five children, all 
deceased except Mary E., who married J. Ward Grummon. They have children, viz.: Eleanor, 
deceased, Joseph Dodd, Thomas, Paul. 



KIFTH GENERATION. 
Lii:ivis, youngest son of John (2), son of John (1). son of 13aniel (2), son of Daniel (1). 

Linus Dod, youngest child of John (2, fourth generation) and Jane (Smith) Dod, was born near 
the original homestead of Daniel Dod, in Dodd Town, June i8, 1765. He was an elder in the First 
Presbyterian Church and was one of those who signed the call, in 1801, to Rev. Asa Hillyer to become 
the pastor of the church. He was a man of high standing in the community as well as in the church. 
He died August 3, 1825. He married Elizabeth Pierson, daughter of Caleb, of Caleb, of Samuel, of 
Samuel, of Thomas Pierson, the ancestor. Their children were Achsah and Calvin. 



66 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



SIXTH QENERATION. 
Calvin Dodd, only son of Linus and Elizabeth ( Pierson) Dodd, was born in Dodd Town, Novem- 
ber 13, 1792. He was educated at the neighboring country school. While this was all the schooling he 

had, it was by no means the extent of his education. He 

was always learning, always accumulating, and being pos- 
sessed of a retentive memor\', he was never at a loss to 
express himself on any subject in which he was interested. 
He had a strong fund of common sense and made good 
use of his powers of observation. He was a man of strong 
personality and a leader among men. He was the advisor 
and counsellor of his neighbors on all important matters, and 
those who folldwcd his advice seldom had occasion to regret 
it. He stubbornly opposed what he believed to be wrong, 
and strenuously urged the adoption of any cause that 
seemed to him to be right. His likes and dislikes were 
strong, but he was withal a generous opponent. .\s an 
illustration of this it is said that he opposed for years the 
building of a bridge across Parrow Brook on Central Avenue, 
but when at last it was proposed to erect a cheap structure 
he insisted on building it of the very best material and in 
^ .^^,^, . the best manner. He carried his point after a lieated dis- 

H^^^K^ I cussion, and a lifelong opponent, in his closing remarks, said 

^^^^■t ^j£ ^j^m of h''" '■ " He was the noblest Roman of them all." 

^^^^Br '*9^m He served the best part of his life as a member of the 

^^^^^^ S Board of Chosen Freeholders. He was a director of the 

^Hi^Bt™«i^^iSi^i^ifiSHBfcta^^B Orange Bank for many years. He was long an elder and 

one of the main pillars in the Second Presbyterian or Brick 
Church. He was tiic prime mover in the effort to establish 
a church in his own immediate neighborhood and worked faithfully to accomplish this object. He died 
February 15, 1875. By his marriage, January 13, 1820, with Elizabeth, daughter of Ichabod Harrison, 
he had three children : Phebe Jane, Elizabeth Caroline and Amzi Smith. 




CALVIN DODD. 



SEVENTH GENERATION. 

Amzi Smith Dodd, son of Calvin and Elizabeth (Harrison) Dodd, was born November i, 1826. 
Early in life he attended the village school and the Bloomfield Academy. In disposition he was like 
his father in many ways and inherited those strong traits for which his line of ancestors were 
distinguished. He was a man of strong character and sterling virtues and highly esteemed in the 
community. He never engaged actively' in political affairs, but when pressed to accept official honors 
he discharged the duties in a fearless and conscientious manner. After his father became enfeebled b\- 
age and no longer able to fill positions of public trust, he was called on to take his place. He served 
on the Township Committee, also on the Board of Chosen Freeholders. When quite \oung he united 
with the Second Presbyterian or Brick Church and continued his labors there until the new interest was 
started by his father in Dodd Town, when he devoted all his energies to this work. He was a member 
of Lafayette Lodge, L O. O. F., of Orange. He died March 1, 1872, beloved and respected by all who 
knew him. He married Hannah L. Kilburn, daughter of Thomas D. Kilburn, of South Orange, son 
of Jabez, who was the son of Ebenezer Kilburn, of Morris County, N. J., born in Glastonbury, Conn., 
March 10, 1679. The father of Ebenezer was John of Wethersfield, born 1651, a prominent man in the 
community — selectman, 1693: constable, 1697, 1702, 1705; grand juror of Hartford, 1693 — son of 



The Foundkks ani> UrirnF.RS of the Oranges. dj 

Sergeant Joliii Kilburn, who came with his father Francis in the ship Increase, in 1635. Their children 
were Linus Calvin, born November 27, 1850, died August 31, 1851 ; Frederick Milton, born January II, 
1853, died September 25, 1855: Abby Elizabeth, born January 14, 1856, died December 24, 1859; 
Caroh'ne, born July 11, 1859, died in infancy; Amzi Thomas, born May 30, 1868, employed in the 
passenger department of the Central R. R. Co., of N. J. He married, on June 12, 1805, Alice Williams 
Short, dauL^lUer of Valentine Short, son of Martin Short, a soldier in the War of the Revolution, who, 
after the war, established the first stage line between Philadelphia and Pittsburg, and settled in the 
latter place, of which he was one of the founders. 

THE FREEMAN FAHILY. 

The name of Freeman is found in the records of England as early as the fifteenth century. Nearly 
all the English families of this name bore substantially the same Arms, with a similarity of Crests. 
Those of London and Northamptonshire were : Arms. — Azure three lozenges in fesse or. Crest. — A 
demi-wolf argent, holding between his paws a lozenge argent. 

Stethen Freeman, the progenitor of the New Jersey families of this name, was one of the 
original settlers of Milford, Conn., in 1646, where he had a house and lot, but did not become an 
inhabitant until 1658. On May 21, 1666, he, with Capt. Robert Treat (afterwards Governor of 
Connecticut) and others, was appointed a committee on behalf of the people of Milford, Guilford and 
Branford to investigate and report in regard to the " Towne Plotts on the Pesayick River," with a view 
to settlement, etc. 

Stephen Freeman was one of the Milford signers of the Fundamental Agreement, October 30, 
1666. "His home lott " consisted of six and one-half acres, "bounded with John Carley south, the 
swamp east, and the Highway north and west." This is shown on the old maps as on the south side of 
Market Street, below Mulberry Street, and nearly opposite Obadiah Bruen's, and was known as Lot 
No. 8. In December, 1669, " Liberty is granted to Stephen Freeman to remove his lot nearer homeward 
out of Gregory's, so much of it as is left, provided he lays down of his own to the Town lands so much 
as he takes up." At a Town Meeting, August 4, 1673, he was nominated for one of the magistrates. 
On October 13 of the same year, he was chosen with others " to take the Pattent in their Names in the 
Town's Behalf and to give Security to the Payment of the Purchase." March 19, 1673-4, he was chosen 
one of the Town's Men. 

September 3, 1680, " The Town hath engaged to Vote to stand by Goodman Porter (Potter) and 
keep him harmless from what shall come to him from Peter Jacobs, by reason of Stephen Freeman's 
Bontl of forty Pounds. Item. — John Curtis, Thomas Richards and John Brown, Jr., are chosen to do 
what they can to see what is paid to Peter Jacobs on account of this Bond of Stephen Freeman's." 
This is the last record found of Stephen Freeman and it is supposed that he died soon after. He 
married Hannah, daughter of Capt. Astwood. His will names Savmet, Hannah, Martha and Sarah. 

The Newark records show that "Widow Hannah F"reeman (survey of land, 1667) hath for her 
division of upland lying near the Mountain containing 40 acres, bounded with Sergeant Richard 
Harrison north, and by the Common south and east, and with the top of the Mountain west." This 
division was probably intended for her husband and she succeeded to his rights. Whether she moved 
to the Mountain with her children is not known, but her son Samuel is the first one mentioned in 
connection with the land at the Mountain. 

SECOND QENERATION. 
Samuel Free.MAN (i), son of Stephen and Hannah (Astwood) Freeman, was born in Milford, 
Conn., in 1662, and was brought by his parents to Newark, in infancy. He probably interited the land 
of his mother " near the Mountain," the boundaries of which are given in several conveyances made to 
other parties. He married Elizabeth Brown, born in Newark, 1662, died November 13, 1732, aged 70. 
He had among other children, Samuel {2). 



68 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

THIRD QENERATION. 

Samuel Freeman (2), son of Samuel (i) and Elizabeth (Brown) Freeman, was born between 16S0 
and 1690. He married Mary Lindsley. His children were: Samuel {■!,), known as "Deacon Samuel," 
Timothy, Abel and Thomas. In 1728, Samuel Freeman purchased from Josiah Ogden forty acres 
described as "beginning at John Freeman's south corner tree standing by Rahway River; from thence 
to Lidington's Brook, and up the said brook to the head thereof, and thence to the Mountain, and 
thence along the Mountain to the line marked out between Joseph Hedden and the said land, thence 
southeast to Rahway River, thence to the said River where it began." The sum paid was £6g. It is' 
stated by the descendants of the family that all the land lying between South Orange Avenue on the 
south and the present cable road on the north was owned by Deacon Samuel, Timothy, Abel and 
Thomas, sons of Samuel (2). In the purchase made in 1719 by the Mountain Society of twenty acres of 
land for a glebe, the grant was made to Samuel Freeman and others. 

KOURTH QENER.A.'riON. 

Samuel Freeman (3), son of Samuel (2) and Mary (Lindsley) Freeman, was born at the home- 
stead of his father, in 1716. He died in Orange, October 21, 1782, aged 66. The contract for building 
the church edifice of the First Presbyterian Church, of Orange, in 1754, was made by Samuel Freeman 
with Moses Baldwin. 1 le was elected Deacon of the church in 1748, and continued in office until his 

death. He married Keziah , and had issue, Abel, Amos and Joscpli. The homestead of Deacon 

Samuel Freeman stood on the "Mountain House" lot, about twelve or fifteen feet from the road and 
five or six rods north of the brook. Abijah TiUou (still living, 1896,) helped to tear down the house, 

in 1830. 

FIFTH GENERATION. 

Joseph Freeman, youngest son of Samuel (3) and Ke/.iah ( 1 Freeman, was born at the 

homestead of his father, near where the "Mountain House" stood, in 1741. He married, first, Mary 
Morris; second, Mary Walker. He and his wife entered into covenant with the Mountain Society, 
August 31, 1767. Three of his children by his first wife — Rachel, Phebe and Samuel — were baptized 
the .same date, lie had other children by his second wife, Usal IV., born October 5, 1771 ; Richard, 
born 1773, and Ira. He served with the Esse.x County Militia in the War of the Revolution. Some 
time after the close of the war he moved with his family to Saratoga County, N. Y. It is .said 
that one of his children, Richard, was the first Mayor of Schenectady. 

SIXTH GENERATION. 

Uzal W. P"REEM.\N, son of Jcseph and Mary (Walker) Freeman, was born at the homestead of 

his father and grandfather, October 5, 1771. He received a good education and taught school for a 

time. He afterwards went to New York City where he learned surveying and assisted in la\-ing out 

some of the streets in the upper part of the cit\-. He renio\ed to Montxille, Morris County, N. J., 

about 1 817, and about four years later went to Paterson. It is said that he made the first map ever 

made of that city, two or three of which are still in existence. He married Sarah Ann Angevine, 

daughter of Gilbert Angevine, a descendant of a Huguenot family of that name, which settled in 

New Rochelle, N. Y., previous to the Revolution. Gilbert Angevine served in the War of the 

Revolution as a private. Only one surviving child was the issue of this marriage, viz.: Alexander 

Hamilton Freeman. 

SEVENTH GENERATION. 

Alexander Hamilto.n Freeman, only son of Uzal W. and Sarah Ann (Angevine) Freeman, was 
born in New York City, December 30, 18 10. When he was seven years of age his father removed to 
Montville, Morris County, N. J., where Ale.xander spent his boyhood and enjoyed good educational 
advantages. At the age of si.xteen he went to learn the trade of tinsmith at Paterson and became a 
first-class workman. In 1836 he came to Orange and located on Main Street, near Harrison, where he 







ALEXANDER H. FREEMAN. 



The Founders and I^uilders of the Oranges. • 69 

remained in business for a year, returning to Patcrson. In 1844 he came again to Orange and located 
on Main Street, near Hillyer, where lie soon after built a shop and residence. Prospering in business 
he bought, in 1855, the property on the corner of Main and Canfield Streets and later another piece of 
property on the corner of Main and Centre Streets, where he built a three-story building, the lower part of 
which he occupied as a store and associated with him Mr. J. J. Hanta. The buildings were twice 
destroyed by fire, first in i860 and again in 15^73. He rebuilt what is at i)resent known as the Freeman 
Huildings, corner of North Centre and Main Streets. 

Mr. Freeman was a man foremost in all good works and one whose name was a synonym of integrity, 
industry and unswerving fidelity to his convictions of right, and who was an unyielding opponent of 
everything that he belie\-c(.l to be against tlie welfare of the masses. For nearly thirty years he held 
the office of Justice of the Peace. He served as councilman four years, and for t en years was a 
member of the Board of Eilucation, of which he was President at the time of his death and in which 
he served faithfully, ever studjiiig the best methods of educating the rising generation. He did much 
to improve the condition of the schools during his administration as President. He prepared, in 
1876, an elaborate history of the public schools of Orange, a portion of which is embodied in this work. 

In politics Mr. Freeman was an abolitionist, being among the earliest to identify himself as a 
champion of the oppressed blacks, and was a member of the Buffalo Convention which, in 1842, 
nominated James G. Birney for President of the United States. When the Republican party was 
organized he at once identified himself with it and adhered to its principles up to the time of his death. 
He was so pronounced in his advocacy of freedom for the slaves that he sometimes gave offence to those 
who differed with him, but he had the satisfaction of knowing that most of them became converts to 
his faith. In the temperance cause he was an active worker and in the Temple of Honor he held the 
highest office in the subordinate temple in the State society, and for one year held the highest position 
in the organization in the United States. He was for some years an elder in the First Presbyterian 
Church. Mr. Freeman married Lucinda, daughter of Judge Benjamin Crane, for twenty-five years 
County Judge of Morris County, N. J. He was the son of Benjamin Crane, of Cranestown, son of 
Stephen, son of Azariah, Jr., son of "Deacon Azariah" (who married Governor Treat's daughter), son 
of Jasper, the ancestor of the Crane family of Essex county. The issue of the marriage of Mr. 
Freeman and Lucinda Crane was: J. Addison Freeman, Ginerva and VVilberforce. Mr. Freeman died 
December 16, 1883, and his wife, August 5, 1889. and both are buried in the family plot in Rosedale. 

Joseph Addiso.V Freeman, M. D., eldest child of Alexander H. and Lucinda (Crane) Freeman, 
was born in Paterson, N. J., June 25, 1833. He came to Orange when eleven years of age and that 
place remained his home until his' death. He early gave evidence of rare intellectual qualities. He 
graduated with very high honors from the College of New Jersey, in 1852, and after the required 
preliminary study, graduated with the degree of Doctor of Medicine from the College of Physicians 
and Surgeons, in 1856. He practised his profession for a short time in Somerset County, in this State, 
but soon returned to Orange where he was actively engaged until the breaking out of the Civil War. 
In 1S62 he entered the army as Assistant Surgeon of the Thirteenth New Jersey Regiment, but was 
soon after made surgeon of the same, which place he held until December, 1863, when he was appointed by 
President Lincoln, Surgeon in the U. S. Vol. Corps and assigned to the U. S. General Hospital, at 
Nashville, Tenn., of which he was subsequently placed in charge, and where he remained until his sudden 
death from pneumonia, on December 29, 1864. His remains were at once brought to Orange and 
interred in Rosedale Cemetery. Although but thirty-one years of age at his death, he had already 
developed into a physician of marked ability and gave evidence of becoming a very learned man. He 
possessed a sterling character and was universally recognized as a person of unusual talents and worth. 

Wii.berforce Freeman, the youngest child, is also a graduate of Princeton of the class of 1864, 
and of the Columbia College Law School, in 1868. He has always resided in Orange and practiced law 
for many years in partnership with Hon. J. L. Blake. He has been President of the Half Dime Savings 
Bank for several vears. 



-JO The Founders and Builders of the OrangeS. 

THE HARRISON FAMILY. 

Richard Harrison, the ancestor of tlie Newark family of this name, came from Cheshire, 
England, and was one of the original settlers of the New Haven Colony, also one of the proprietors of 
the Totoket plantation, subscciuently named Branford, where he died October 25, 1653. His children 
were : Ricliard, Samuel, Mary {ox Maria), married, November 27, 1662, Thomas Pierson, Sr. (brother of 
Rev. Abraham), and Elizabeth. 

The Newark Settler. 

Sergeant Richard Harri.SON, eldest son of Richard Harrison (1 ), was born, probably in England. 
He was one of the committee sent to Newark "to order and settle the concernments and people of the 
place till another committee be chosen antl settled." He was one of the Branford signers of the 
Fundamental Agreement. In 1668, as appears by the Newark Records, "the Town hath bargained 
w ith Deacon Ward, Serg't Richard Harrison and Serg't Edward Rigs for the sum of seventeen Pounds, 
to build the same Meeting House according to the Denientions agreed upon, &c." On August 24, 
1670, "the Town made a full agreement with Mr. Robert Treat and Serg't Rich'd Harrison about the 
Building and Maintaining of a sufficient Corn Mill, to be set upon the Little Brook called the Mill 
Brook." Sergeant Richard Harrison was nominated for Ensign, August 30, 1673. He was elected 
one of the Town's Men, March 19, 1674. On April 17, 1676, he was chosen one of a "Committee to 
lay out the Highway and the Landing Place by the River." At a Town Meeting, May 16, 1683, 
" Whereas, there was a Co\enant made with Mr. Robert Treat and Serg't Richard Harrison to make 
and maintain a sufificient Corn Mill, upon such conditions as is in a Covenant exprest, made between 
them, the said Treat and Richard Harrison, and the Town, recordeil in the Town Book, fol. 29. Be it 
known that \, Richard Harrison, having bought Mr. Treat's part of the Mill, and am obliged, according 
to the Covenant and conditions thereof af's'd, have formerly and do now again, make over all my 
Right to the Mill unto my sons Samuel, Joseph and George Harrison, they being become obliged unto 
the Town, in all particulars mentioned in the said Covenant, to observe and keep the same in all respects 
as fully as L the said Ricliartl Harrison, was obliged to. And the said Samuel, Joseph and George 
Harrison have and do declare in the Town Meeting, their acceptance of the Mill upon the same 
Conditions as is in the said Covenant exprest." The children of Sergeant Richard Harrison were: 
Samuel, Josep/i, hovn 1649; John, lUiijaniin, born 1655; George, born 165S; Daniel, born 1661 ; Mary, 
born 1664, married Samuel Piei'son, Jr. 

SECOND OENERATION. 

Line of Sergeant Kichard, of NewarU. 

Samuel Harrison, eldest son of Sergeant Richard, came to Newark with his father. He drew 
his home Lott, No. 2, in May, 1673, and. had evidently just reached his majority. li\ August of that 
year he was nominated for Ensign. On Marcli 22, 1683, Samuel Harrison, Azariah Crane, Joseph Riggs 
and Edward Ball " arc chosen to lay out the Bounds between us and Hockquecanung and to make no 
other Agreement with them of any other Bounds than what was formerly." Samuel Harrison (II. 
married Mary Ward, tlaughter of Sergeant John Ward. Their children were: Mary, Saiiiiicl {2), John, 
Sarah, Susanna and Elcannr. 

thirl:) aENERA.TION. 

r^-''^<:>^?/'^^C-^^:r^^^ of Samuel (i) and Mary (Ward) Harrison, was 

(^ £^y^ t/ born in Newark, in 1684. He settled at the Mountain 

in what is now Orange, in 1723. The old homestead, erected by him, is still in a good state 
of preservation. It is situated on Wigwam Brook, about two hundred yards west of Day Street, on 
Washington Street, and a little east of the new school house. It is partly concealed by a new building 
in front. 1 he old well, with the well sweep, is between the two houses. On the corner stone of the 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



71 



foundation underneath the front of the house is the following inscription : "S. II., 1723." A few feet 
east of the homestead stood the old saw mill and beyond this the fulling mill. This was a part of the 
farm owned bj- Samuel (il, his father. In his will, dated January 7, 1712-13, he gives to his son Samuel 
"fifty acres bounded on the north by lands 
of Anthony Olive, on the south by lands 
of Widow Abigail Ward, on the cast by ^TtfiJ^^^^^ 
the highway anil the west b\' the Mount- \^'// 
ain." The first reference to the mill of 
Samuel (2i is found in his account book, 
the charge being: "1729. June- Ki, to 
sawing for scool house, cx).5.6." He 
exercised the quadruple functions of magi- 
strate, farmer, fuller and sawyer. He was 
withal a loyal rent-paj-er as appears from 
a petition addressed to Gov. Helcher in 
1749, and signed by Nathaniel Wheeler, 
Jonathan Pierson, John Condit and others, 
asserting their loyalt)' and vindicating 
themselves against an implied connection 
with recent disturbances and riots SamvK 1 
Harrison's saw mill was the only one in 
this localily for some years and he prob- 
ably did the sawing for most of the 
houses built here. The entries in his 
day book show that in July, 1748, he was 

sawing " oke plank, gice, slepers " and other material, and also receiving sundry sums of money "on 
account of the jnirsonage." Samuel Harrison niarrieil Jemima Williams (born 1686), daughter of 
Matthew Williams. Their children were : Ai>ios,\)o\\\ 1712; Jemima, born 1714, married John Dod ; 

Mary, born 1716, married Ward; Samuel (3), born 1718; Adonijah, born 1721 ; Ruth, born 1723; 

Matt/uzv, born 1726; Eleanor, born 1729. 




TllK SAMUKI. HARRISON HOMESTEAD. 



KOURTH OENERATION. 
Line of A.mos, eldest child of Samuel (2), son of JSannijel (1). 

/^-^j^V-tr^ ^j^f^<>.^>'-7*>(^<7>a eldest child of Samuel (2) and Jemima (Williams) Harrison, was born at the 

homestead, on W^ashington Street, within the present boundaries of Orange^ 
in 1712. His name appears on the list of Esse.x County Militia, who served in the War of the Revolu- 
tion. He purchased from the executors of Caleb Crane a large tract of land on the south side of the 
Northfield Road, extending to the summit of the mountain, a portion of which is still owned by his 
descendants. He married Hannah Johnson and had issue, Reuben, Isaac, Simeon, born 1741, Eleanor, 
Martha, Jemima, Ruth, married John Munn. 



FIFTH OENERATIOX 

Simeon Harrison, third child of Amos and Hannah (Johnson) Harrison, was born at the 
homestead of his father, on the Northfield Road, in 1741. He married Hannah, daughter of Caleb 
Crane (son of Azariah (3^ of Azariah (2), of Deacon Azariah— who married the daughter of Gov. Treat, 
— .son of Jasper Crane, the ancestor). Their children were: Caleb, born 1770; Phebe, born 1774, 
married Noah Matthews: John, Hannah, Sarah, horn 1783, married Joseph Matthew.s. 



72 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

sixth oeneration. 

Cai.Ei; Harrison, eldest child of Simeon and Hannah (Crane) Harrison, was born at the homestead 
on Northfield Road, in 1770, died 1854. He built, in 1S08, the present brick house which stands near 
the entrance of the Northfield Road. He married Ketmah, dau<^hter of Isaac Crane, and had children, 
Simeon, born 1792, died 1799; Mar\-, Phebe, Margaret, married Joel W. Condit ; 5/wr^//, again, born 
1804 ; Hannah, married Rev. William R. Whittingham ; Phebe. 

SEVENTH GENERATION. 

Simeon Harrison, fifth child of Caleb and Ketmah (Crane) Harrison, was born at the homestead 
of his father, in what is now West Orange, February, 1804; he died March 20, 1872. He attended the 
village school and had the advantages of a higher education at the Bloomfield Academy, a noted school 
in its day. He was a born leader of men, and no man ever lived in this community who exerted a 
stronger influence. Bold, courageous, honest and upright, he commanded respect, and yet by his kind, 
genial disposition he won the confidence of his fellow-men. He was a democrat of the old Jeffersonian 
school and was known throughout the State as one of the staunchest supporters of his party. He was 
in public office nearly all his life at a time when the office sought the man, and not the man the office. 
In the campaign of 1856 he was sent as a delegate by his party to the National Democratic Convention, 
at Cincinnati, when James Buclianan was nominated for President. At the fall election of 1858 lie was 
elected as a representative of the Second Assembly District to the State Legislature. While faithfully 
representing his constituents in local matters, he could rise above all part\- ties when any great principle 
was at stake and, while loyal to his party, was in no sense a partisan. It was largely through his efforts 
that the new charter for Orange was obtained in i860, and he was elected a member of the first Common 
Council under this ciiarter. After the separation of the Oranges he became a member of the West 
Orange Township Committee. He was a most exemplary and worth)- representative of the Masonic 
Fraternity, and no worthy distressed brother ever appealed to him in vain. He was seldom absent from 
the stated communications of Union Lodge, of which he was for forty-six years an honored member, 
passing through the several chairs, serving as Worshipful Master in 1852-3 and again in 1864. He was 
an e.xcellent presiding officer and a skillful craftsman. Mr. Harrison's charities were not confined to his 
Masonic brethren. He recognized the fact that "The poor ye have with you always," and his well-filled 
larder could always be relied upon to supply the wants of the needy. He was a man of positive 
convictions, but not self-assertive. He was well informed on all the topics of the day and ready at all 
times to meet an opponent in open, fair combat. He was respected alike by friend and foe and admired 
for his many noble qualities of heart and mind. 

Mr. Harrison married Abby Maria, tlaughter of Stephen Condit. They had one child, Abby Maria, 
who married Samuel O. RoUinson, a grandson of William Roilinson, (jne of the first — if not the first — 
steel engra\er in this country. He came to this country just previous to or during the Revolution anil 
it is said that he engraved the buttons on Washington's military coat. He engraved, in 1S08, a portrait 
on steel of (icn. Alexander Hamilton — one of the best likenesses of Hamilton, it is said, ever made. 
Samuel O. Roilinson, the grandson, was connected with the Atlantic White Lead Co. for about forty 
years, part of the time as a partner. After his marriage with Miss Condit in 1869, he came to West 
Orange and resided at the home of his father-in-law and became interested to a considerable extent in 
public afiairs. He was for a long time a member of the Township Committee of West Orange and was 
also its chairman. He continued to reside in the old homestead until his de.ith in August, 1891. He 
left four children. Simeon I Lirrison, the eldest, born at the homestead in 1870, educated at Princeton 
and graduated at the New York Law School in 1896 and read law in the oflfice of Blake and Howe. 
He has already become interested in public afiairs of his native town and has served as chairman of the 
Township Committee of West Orange. Phebe Harrison and Margaret Stymits, the two daughters of 
Samuel O. Roilinson, reside at the homestead. William, the youngest son, is a student at Princeton. 



-V" 





IRA HARRISON. 



The Founders and Buii.dkrs of the Oranges. 73 

fourth qeneration. 

Line of Is^atthew-, son of Sannuel (2), son of Samuel (1). 

Mati'HEW Harrison, scvcntli child of Samuel (2) and Jemima (Williams) Harrison, was born at 
the homestead, in Orange, in 1726. He served with the New Jersey militia in the War of the Revolu- 
tion. He married Martha Dod and hail issue, Abijah, Aaron, born 1753, Amos, Adonijah, Mary. 

KIKTH GENERATION. 

Aaron Harrison, eldest child of Matthew and Martha (Dod) Harrison, was born at the homestead 
of his father, on the Swincfield Road, in 1753. He also served with the New Jersey militia in the War 
of the Revolution. The military spirit continued long after the war and he was elected Major of a 
battalion of light horse composed of seven companies, evcr_\- man furnishing his own uniform and 
e([uipmcnts, at a cost of one hundred tloUars each. It is said that the first farm wagon ever used in 
this locality was brought here by Major Harrison. He w^as a man of good judgment and sound 
common sense, and had the confidence and respect of his neighbors. He was twice married, first, to 
Jemima, third child of Daniel and Ruth (Harrison) Cundict. [Ruth was the daughter of Samuel 
Harrison {2).] He married, second, Phebe, daughter of Lewis Crane, son of Elihu, son of Jasper (3), 
son of Jasper (2), son of Jasper (i), one of the original Newark settlers. The wife of Lewis Crane was 
a cousin of Rev. Aaron Burr. The children of Aaron and Fhcbe (Crane) Harrison were: Samuel A., 
Charles, Matilda, Phebe, Jemima, married Caleb W. I^aldwin, /ri7,hom January 4, lygt,, Aaron Burr, 
Abigail, and Mary. 

SIXTH GENERATION. 

IkA Harrison, son of Aaron and Phebe (Crane) Harrison, was born at his father's homestead, near 
that of his grandfather, January 4, 1795, died March 5, i8go. He was one of the most important 
connecting links between the past and present, and lived to see the great changes that have been 
wrought in his native town. He lived a useful, honored life and dieil in the full enjoyment of a bright 
Christian faith. He was one of the most enterprising farmers in this vicinity and was quick to adopt 
any improvements. He loved the good old customs, but was not averse to the new. He kept himself 
well abreast of the times. The old ox team might do for his neighbors, but he preferred a good team 
of horses. He was no doubt envied by his neighbors whom he was able to drive around in his own 
horse and wagon, he being the first to introduce this new method of locomotion in the Oranges. He 
lived to witness the feats of the iron horse and all the improved methods of travel. It was as a 
Christian and a gentleman, however, that he wielded the greatest influence. He was long an elder and 
a bright and shining light in the old Fir.st Presbyterian Church. His was no formal, but a thorough 
practical Christianit\-. He carried a sanctified purse and gave liberally when and where it was needed, 
and could always be relied upon to bear his full share of the burdens. He was tender and affectionate 
as husband and father, and loved, honored and respected by his neighbors. Although well advanced in 
years he showed his patriotism and loyalty during the war by attending the public meetings and 
encouraging enlistments. Mr. Harrison married Mary, daughter of Ichabod Jones, born Dec. 27, 1798, 
son of Joseph (2j, born 1737, son of Joseph (i ), born i63i, son of John Jones, the ancestor of the Jones 
family of East Orange. The children of Ira and Mary (Jones) Harrison were: Aaron, Rhoda A., 
Samuel, Matilda, John, Phebe C, married Josiah H. Williams, Alfred J., William L., Mary E., married 
Capt. Ambrose M. Matthews, and P'rederick J. 

SEVENTH GENERATION. 

Alfred Harrison, M. D., son of Ira and Mary (Jones) Harrison, was born at the homestead of 
his father, in Orange, September 9, 1833. He was prepared for college at Pierson's school, in Elizabeth, 
and was graduated at Princeton in 1855 ; pursued his medical studies at the University of Michigan, and 
the University Medical College, of New York, and for twenty-five years was engaged in a successful 



74 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

practice in New York, which he rehnquished some years since in consequence of failing licaltli. and 
returned to Orange, the place of his birth. Mr. Harrison married Sarah Elizabeth Matthews, a sister of 
Capt. Ambrose Matthews. 

Aaron Burr Harrison, seventh child of Aaron and I'hcbe (Crane) Harrison, was born September 
i8, 1796, at the homestead of his father, which stood nn the present site of the Edison factory, on 
Valley Road. He was excessively fond of reading and study, and his parents desired to fit him for the 
ministry, and for his preparatory course he was sent to the Bloomfield Academy, intending to enter 
Princeton College. He changed his mind, however, preferring the simple farm life which his ancestors 
had followed. He had never united with any church and could not accept the extreme orthodox 
theological views required by the religious institutions of that day, and he was not ambitious to enter 
any other profession. He was associated for a time with his brother-in-law. John Randall, in surveying, 
and assisted in laying out a number of lots in the upper part of New York City. In his public and 
private life he was above reproach, and few men — even professing Christians — have ever lived nearer to 
the golden rule. I lis love for his fellow-men was very strong and he delighted in doing good and 
making others happy. He inherited a part of the homestead property and acquired additional acres, 
owning at one time about one hundred acres in different parts of Orange. His largest holdings extended 
from near the centre of Llewellyn Park some distance beyond the line of the Watchung branch of the 
Eric R. R. He cultivated his farm for many years until the rise in values made it no longer profitable. 
He sold some fifteen or twenty acres in Llewellyn Park to Mr. Haskell, and by degrees parted with 
much of his other property. .Soon after disposing of his property in Llewellyn Park, he removed to the 
old C\-rus Jones homestead, on Main Street, East Orange, opposite the Munn Avenue Presb\tcrian 
Church, the birthplace of his wife. Here he spent the remainder of his days in peace and happiness, 
respected by his neighbors and honored by his fellow-citizens. 

He was always known as Major Harrison, having early in life received his commission as Major of 
the Orange Infantry regiment. He possessed all the elements of leadership and his judgement was 
never questioned. Until the breaking out of the Civil War he was a Jackson democrat, but the action of 
the South in seceding from the Union aroused all the latent patriotism of his nature antl he became 
one of the most ardent supporters of the government, doing all in his power to encourage enlistments 
and assist those who entered the ranks of the Union army, h'rom the beginning of the war to the 
close of his life he continued in the ranks of the Republican party. While never especially active in 
local or State politics he was a man whose fitness for positions of honor and trust was universally 
acknowledged, and before the division of the Oranges he served on the Township Committee, acted as 
Township Treasurer, was for many years a member and Director of the Board of Chosen Freeholders. 
In public life he did everything he could to encourage and lu-l]i along the growth of his native town. 
He welcomed the baisiness man from the city who came here to seek a home, and was heartily in favor 
of every improvement desired by the new-comers. He believed in having good roads, well lighted 
streets and above all, the best educational facilities for the masses that could be pro\ided. and willingly 
submitted to increased taxation for that purpose. He gave the land for the village school which stood 
on the site of the present hotel on Valley Road, near Washington Street. In this little village school- 
house his own children were instructctl in the rudimentary branches. In the march of improvement 
when better facilities were required, the little school-house was removed and is now used as a barn on 
the premises of Mrs. Dunston, a daughter of Mr. Harrison, who resides with her sister Caroline in the 
pretty cottage erected by her late husband, situated on Valley Road, facing Washington Street. 

During the latter years of his life Mr. Harrison was occupied mostly in the care of his real estate. 
He was for many years a member of the Board of Directors of the Orange National Bank and a regular 
attendant at its meetings. He was a man of domestic tastes and very fond of his home and children. 
He married, about 1821, Caroline, daughter of Cyrus Jones, son of Cornelius, of Joseph (2), of Joseph 
(i), son of John Jones, the ancestor. Theirchildren were: Cyrus Jones, married Harriet Simmons; Phebe 
Jones, married William Dunster, of Morris County, N. J., died September 5, 1885; Lydia Louisa, 




AARON BURR HARRISON. 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 75 

iiiariicd Dr. C. A. Lindsley, a distinguislied physician of New Haven, Conn., and Secretary of the 
Connecticut State Hospital from 1S65 to 1877. He is a native of Orange, son of John Lindsley, of 
Daniel, of Nathaniel, of Ebenezer (2), of Ebenczer (1), of Francis, of the Newark Colony, son of John, 
the Bran ford ancestor. 

Matilda, the third child of Aaron Burr Harrison, married Henry Powlcs, of East Orange. Their 
children are: Charles Van Zandt, deceased, Aaron Burr, Caroline, Harriet. 

Cyrus Jones Harrison, the eldest, recently purchased a farm in Maryland. His eldest child, Cyrus 
Melville, resides with him, assisting in the management of the farm. He has had other chiklren, viz.: 
Ida Lydia, Herbert, died young. Josephine, Samuel, deceased. 

Charles Van Zandt, the fifth child of Aaron Burr and Caroline (Jones) Harrison, left two children 
— Aaron liurr and Charles Herbert. 

Amos HakkisoN, second chiUl of Matthew and Martha (Dod) Harrison, was born at tlie liomestcad 
in Orani,'e, September 10, 1755. He was a man of more than ordinary ability and held positions of 
trust antl honor in the county. He was commissioned Major of Essex Battalion, June 5, 1793, was 
Justice of the Peace for a long term of years. He was appointed Judge of the Court of Common 
Pleas in 1813. and held that position until his death. He was made Presidential elector in 1808, casting 
his \-ote for James Madison. He was elected elder of the First Presbyterian Church in 1799, continuing 
for some years. He lived on the Valley Road, in the house now known as " Walnut Cottage." He 
married, first, Martha Condit, daughter of Col. David Condit. He married, second, Sarah (Munn) 
Dodd, widow of Matthew Dodd. His children, all by his first wife, were: Keturah, born October 31, 
1774, died young; Japhia, born September 7, 1776; Keturah, again, born April 16, 1779, died young; 
Johanna and David, twins, born June 10, 1781; Daniel, born September 10, 1783; Bethuel, born 
February 8, 1789; Amos, born January 9, 1791 ; Abiatliar, born March 9, 1793 ; Rhoda, born October 
19, 1795. 

AlUATHAR Harrison was born at the homestead of his father, in Orange, March 9, 1793, died 
January 31, 1867. He was a man of high standing in the community. He served two terms in the 
State Legislature and held other public positions. He married, first, Phebe Freeman, June 25, 1813; 
second, Elizabeth, daughter of Caleb Williams, November 28, 1816. His children were: Phebe, born 
November 25, 1817; Sarah, born December 20, 1819, died December 24, 1878; Susan Elizabeth, born 
January 29, 1822, 'married Nathan W. Pierson ; Mary Adeline, born May 9, 1825 ; Harriet Newell, born 
March 20, 1828; Albert Williams, born J.muary 21, 1831 ; Amos, born January 20, 1834, died 
July 27, 1840. 

Mary Adeline Harrison, daughter of Abiathar, married Joseph Duryea Harrison, born July 3, 1822, 
a descendant of Joseph, son of Sergeant Richard Harrison. They had issue, Ale.vander Lee, Elizabeth 
A., Henry Lewis, Harriet Newell, Amy Duryea, Helen Mary. 

Albert W. Harrison, son of Abiathar, was born January 21, 1S31. He married Angeline Crane, 
daughter of Ira Crane, a descendant of Jasper through Azariah Crane. Albert W. resides in Fairfa.x 
County, Va. His children are: Clara Billings, Margaret Norwood, Mary Curtis and Albert Russell. 

Line of Joseph Harrison, son of Sergeant Richard. 
JosKiii Harrison, second son of Sergeant Richard Harrison and brother of Samuel, was born at 
Milford, in 1649, and came with his parents to Newark. The Newark Records show that "On June 13, 
1679, fifty-nine acres of upland were surveyed to Joseph Harrison." It was bounded "on the north by 
the lands of Benjamin Harrison (brother of Joseph) and on the northwest by Perroth's Brook." He 
had one hundred acres fronting on the north side of the highway, now Main Street, from a point two 
hundred and fifty feet west of Ridge Street to Parrow Brook and bounded on the north by land of 
Amos Williams. This probably included the land of his brother Benjamin. He married Dorcas Ward, 
daughter of Sergeant John Ward, and had Richard, Joseph, Stephen, Nathaniel, Elizabeth, married 
Caleb Baldwin, Phebe, married John Ward. Mary. 



•jt The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

Joseph Harrison (2), second child of Joseph (1) and Dorcas (Wardj Harrison, was born in 1697 
and lived in what is now Orange. He married, first, Martha Sargeant and, second, Mary Tompkins, 
daughter of Micah. His children were : Hannah, born 17 14, married Samuel Williams, son of Samuel; 
Dorcas, born 1725, married Benjamin Lindsley ; David, married Sarah Day, second, Phebe Dod ; Phebe, 
married Samuel Pierson ; Martha, married Josiah Ouinby; Marj-, married Judge John Peck; Sarah, 
born 1736, married David Dod, son of John; Joannah, married Cornelius Jones; Elizabeth, married 
Jonathan Williams; Richard, born 1743; Jared, born 1745: Joseph, born 1747; Lydia. born 1750, 
married Zebulon Jones. 

Nathaniel Harrison, fourth child of Joseph (i) and Dorcas (Ward) Harrison, was born in 1705 
and died in 1779. His farm was located in East Orange, on the ridge through which Harrison Street 
now runs. The name of his wife is not known. His children were : Stephen, Ichabod. Phebe, Dorcas, 
married Capt. Thomas Williams, Sarah. 

Stephen, the eldest son of Nathaniel, married Lydia, daughter of Matthew Wilh'ams, and had 
Abigail, Joseph, Abial, Martha, married Jabez Pierson, Mary, Eunice, Rufus. 

Abial, son of Stephen, married Elizabeth Lyon, aiul had Lydia, Stephen, Sarah. .A.bby. Hannah. 
Elizabeth, Eliza, Richard V,., born August 9, 1806. 



THE JONES FAMILY. 

John Jones, the ancestor of this branch of tlie Jones famil\\ tradition says, came from Wales. 
He was the father of John, Moses and Josepli. 

Joseph Jones, the immediate ancestor of the Jones famih' of Orange, was born in i6Si,died in 
1753. He owned large tracts of l.nul near the head of the present Main Street, in Orange, to the foot 
of and on the mountain. On June 18, 171 1, he conveys to John Suydenham "a certain tract of lanil in 
the limits of Newark b\- the road that leads to the Mountain * * * bounded east by Peleg Shores, 
and north and west by my own land, and south b)' said highwa\-, containing four acres." 

June 2, 1718, Joseph Jonesand Hannah Jones, his wife, convey to Nathaniel Ward * * * " a certain 
parcel of land upon the road that leads to the Mountain, being part of the land upon which I now 
dwell, upon the eastern part of said lot, containing twenty-one and a half acres, bounded easter]\- with 
Huntington's land, and northeasterly with Azariah Crane's, and westerly and southerly with the high- 
way " — Northfield Road. " Executed before Joseph Harrison and Jonathan Crane, two of His Majesty's 
Justices of the Common Pleas." 

Joseph Jones married Hannah , born 1678, and had issue, Samuel, born 1706. 

Samuel Jones, son of Joseph and Hannah ( ) Jones, was born in 1706, died October 18, 1764, 

aged 56; he was buried in the old Orange cemetery. He married Elizabeth Morris, probably daughter 
of John Morris, Jr., son of Capt. John. His children were; John, born 1736; Hannah, born 173S; 
Josepli, born 1739; Cornelius, born 1741 ; James, born 1743; Sarah, born 1745: Capt. Zebulon, born 
1747; Elizabeth, born 1749; Mary, born 1750; Phebe, born 1753; Lydia, born 1755. 

Joseph Jones, third child of Samuel antl Hannah ( ) Jones, was born in Orange, November 17, 

1739. He probably inherited lands from his father. His homestead was on the northwest corner of 
the present Maple Avenue and Main Street, in East Orange. He served with the Essex County militia 
in the War of the Revolution. He married Phebe, daughter of Nathaniel Harrison, born May 28, 1739, 
died October 11, 1833. He had among other children, a son, Ichabod. 

Ichabod Jones, son of Joseph and Phebe (Harrison) Jones, was born at the homestead, in what is 
now East Orange, in 1778. He was a carpenter and joiner and carried on a successful business for some 
years. He married Rhoda, daughter of John and Ruth (Harrison) Munn, and had issue, Polly, born 
December 27, 1798; John M., born March 2, 1802; Marita, born June 12, 1809; Nancy, born February 
27, 181 1 ; Phebe, born May 4, 1789; Alfred, born June 10, 1S15 ; William, born April 30, 1818. 



The Founders and Ruilders of the Oranges. 77 

Alfred Jones, sou of Ichabod and Rlioda (Munn) Jones, was liorn at the homestead of his father, 
corner of North Maple Avenue and Main Street, East Oranjje, June lo, 1815. He was self-educated 
and served an apprenticeship with the late Stephen Dodd at tlie carpenter's trade. He subsequently 

formed a co-partnership with Mr. E. O. 

Doremus(the present Vice-President of 

the American Insurance Company, of 

Newark), and the firm did a large and 

successful business for many years. 

Some of the finest and most substantial 

houses in the township of East Orange 

were erected by this firm. Mr. Jones 

was a skillful mechanic, conscientious, 

painstaking, reliable and trustworthy, 

and those with whom he had dealings 

were among his warmest friends. He 

never took any active part in public 

affairs but was a man of progressive 

ideas and gave encouragement to all 

public improvements. He was modest 

and unassuming in his manner and was 

hii;hly respected by his fellow-citizens 

and bclo\ed by those who enjoyed his 

friendship. He was an early member 

of the Second Presbyterian or Brick 

Church, having united with it during 

the pastorate of Rev. Mr. Pierson. 

He was an exemplary Christian and 

All KK.irjciNE.s. labored earnestly to advance the cause 

of religion. He engaged actively in works of benevolence and endeavored faithfully to live up to the 

golden rule. As a member of Lafayette Lodge, L O. O. F., he was in hearty sympathy with the 

principles of the order and exemplified its teachings in his readiness to respond to every appeal for 

assistance from the distressed worthy brethren of the order. The esteem in which he was held in the 

community was shown in the large gathering of his friends and relatives on the fiftieth anniversary of 

his marriage— the golden wedding— January 6, 1891. He married Margaret E. Peck, daughter of 

William Peck, si.xth in descent from Joseph, the ancestor of the Peck family, of East Orange (^see history 

of Peck family). She was a sister of James Peck, one of the most prominent citizens of East Orange. 

The issue of this marriage was: William A. and Harriet Louisa, who married Charles M. Decker, a 

leading merchant of the city of Orange, and President of the Orange National Bank. 

William AguSTUS Jone.S, eldest child of Alfred and Margaret (Peck) Jones, was born in the house 
adjoining the Brick Church, on Main Street, East Orange, October 26, 1841. He received a good 
education, attending the public and private schools. Among his tutors were Dr. Berrj- and Mr. Alonzo 
Brackett, a brother-in-law of the Rev. Dr. White, pastor of the First Presbyterian Church. After .serving 
an apprenticeship with his father at the carpenter's trade he, in 1862, entered the employ of John M. 
Randall, lumber dealer, at Newark, N. J. Later he became the junior partner of the firm of Randall, 
Swain & Co. In 1875 Mr. Randall withdrew and the business was continued under the firm name of 
Swain & Jones. The funi has held a leading position in the lumber trade and carries on a general 
trade throughout the State in addition to its extensive local trade. Mr. Jones has confined himself 
strictly to his line of business and has never engaged in other enterprises. He is a member of the 
Lumber Dealers' Association of New Jersey, of which his firm was one of the founders. During the 





78 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

year 1892 Mr. Jones served as President of the Association. He is also a member of the Orange 
Athletic Association. In 1862 he married Lucy Miriam Andrew, daughter of the late George Andrew, 
of Cheshire, England. Their children are: Mary E., Jennie A., Winnifred L., Nora ^I., Albert E., 
William A., Jr. and Maude. 

Line of Cornelius, son of Sannuel, of Joseph, of John Jones. 

Cornelius, Jcxks, fourth child of Samuel and Elizabeth (Morris) Jones, was born in Orange, 
September 27, 1741. He served as private in the Essex Militia, in the War of the Revolution. His 
house and farm was plundered by the Hessians and stripped of everything movable. He married 
Joanna Harrison, daughter of Joseph, and had issue, Cjriis, born 1770; Nancy, married Moses 
Williams, son of Capt. Tom Williams; Naomi, married Enos Lyon, Matthias, Martha, Joanna, married 
Daniel Matthews. 

'^:Z/i^.> eldest child of Cornelius and Jemima (Harrison) Jones, was born in Orange, 

He engaged in the manufacture of 
hats in 1790, on the west side of Main Street, in East Orange, near the junction. He enjoyed excellent 
health up to a short time before his death, and lacked onI\- about three months of being one hundred 
years old. lie married Jemima, daughter of Benjamin Munn, and had children. Finer ]'a)iZaiit, L\-dia, 
I'hebc, Caroline; the latter married Aaron Burr Harrison. 

ViNER Van Zant Jones, son of Cyrus and Jemima 1 Mumi ) Jones, was born at the homestead, in 
East Orange, October 27. 1794. He also engaged in the manufacture of hats. He married, 
Harriet Condit, daughter of Samuel, and had two children, only one of whom survived — Samuel C, 
born September 17, 1819. Viner Van Zant died September 30, 1823. 

Samuel C. Jones, son of Viner Van Zant and Harriet (Condit) Jones, was born at the homestead, 
in what is now East Orange, September 17, 1819. He has been for many years Secretarj^ of the 
Newark Lime and Cement Co. He is a leading member and an elder in the Munn Avenue (or First) 
Presbyterian Church, of East Orange. Married Mary O. Kilburn, daughter of Daniel ; no children. 

THE LINDSLEY FAMILY. 

This name is variously spcUetl Linle, Linle\-, Linsley and Lindsley. The name was originally 
Linesley, and there is a town of that name in County Lancaster, England, where this family had their 
seat. They bore : Anns — Sable, a lion rampant between eight crosses pattce fitchee argent. Crest. — 
An arm in armour, embowed, holding in the glove a sabre, all ppr. 

John and Francis Linley emigrated from a place not far to the southwest of London and settled in 
the New Haven Colony about 1640. John Linlej- took the oath of fidelity to the New Haven Colony, 
July T, 1644. The names of John and P'rancis Linley appear on the New Haven Records the following 
year in a suit for " damadges " as follows: " Stephen Medcalfe complayned that he was going into the 
house of John Linley, F"rancis Linlej', his brother, being in the house, told him he would sell him a 
"unne, the said Stephen asked him if it were a good one, he answered )ea, as any was in the towne." 
The "gunne" proved defective as was shown by the result and the finding of the court. "The court 
considering the premises, the great tlamailge Stephen Medcalfe had susteyned in the losse of his e_\'e, 
w''' the losse of his time and the great chardge of the cure, Mr. Pell affirming it was worth 10'. ordered 
Francis Linley to pay to Stephen Medcalfe 20' damadges." 

Branford, formerly Totoket. was established as a plantation in 1644 and the names of John and 
Francis Linley appear on the records in 1646. Thej^ were ])robabl)- among the first planters. John 
remained at Branford, where he died, his children having settled " ancient Woodbury." 

p-RANClS Linley came with the first settlers to Newark, and his name appears among the forty 
additional settlers who signed the " p-undamental Agreement," June 24, 1667. In the first division of 
" home lots," he drew No. 44. He also had his division of meadow land and a " lot in the Great Neck." 




NELSON LINDSLEY. 



TlIK FnUNDERS AND l^fll.nKRS OK TIIF, ORAXGES. 



79 



He obtained patents for several tracts of land, part of which was in the ri',du of Ebenczcr Canfield. 
Amon;4 the records of the New Jersey Historical Society are copies of several deeds of Francis and 
Khcnczer, his son. He was a larye landholder, hut does not appear to have taken a prominent part in 
the town affairs. His "lidnie lott " was on the corner of the present Market and High Streets. His 
chiUlren born in Branford were: Deborah, born 1656; Ruth, born 165S; Ebciiczer, born 1665; John, 
born in Newark, 1667; also Benjamin, Joseidi ami Jonathan. 

SECONU OKNtCRA-TIOM. 
EUENEZKK I.INUSI.EV, eldest .son and third child of Francis Lindsley, was born in ]5ranford, Conn., 
in 1665; was brought with his parents to Newark two years later. His children were : Hannah, born 
1693; Ebenezer, born 1696; Josiah, Elihu and Benjautin, born 171 5. 

THIRD GENERATION. 

]5i;x|..\Mix LiNDSl.KN', \oungest child of Ebenezer Lindsley, was born in Newark, in 1715. That 

he li\ed and owned pinperty in what is now Orange is shown b_\- the fact that lie was one of the 

subscribers to the amount of £() to the " second meeting-house," in 1753. He married Mar)- Morris, 

daughter of John Morris, son of Capt. John Morris, and had issue, yo/iii, known as "Judge John," born 

1752, Sarah, Elizabeth. 

FOURTH AND KIKTH OENERATIONS. 

John Lindsley, eldest child and only son of Benjamin and Mary (Morrisj Lindsley, was born in 
that ])art of Newark now known as South Orange, in 1752. His name appears among the subscribers to 
the " Parish Sloop," in 1784. John Lindsley 
and Aaron Munn were appointed acommittee 
to meet the committee of the Newark Church 
to try and "accomidate the difference existing 
between Newark Church and the Cliurcii of 
Orange, respecting the lower parsonage." At 
the " usual Fourth of July celebration," held 
in 1 8 14, John Lindsley, Esq., with Major 
Abraham Winans, were the '' bearers of the 
National standard." This honor was always 
accorded to the leading men in the town. 
In the early records he is mentioned as "Judge 
John." lie was Justice of the I'eace for a 
number of years and afterwards Associate 
Judge of one of the Count}' courts until his 
death. Jmlgejohn Lindsley married Lhcbe 
Baldwin, daughter of Israel Baldwin, and had 
issue, Lydia, Sarah, Mar\- 1 Squire Stephen 
D. Day married .Sarah, and on her decease, 
married Maryi, Matilda, jfo/in Morris, born 
1784, Benjamin, Phebe, Eliza. 

John Mdruis Lindsley. son of Judge 
John and Phebe 1 Baldwin 1 Lindsley, was 
born in Orange, in 1784. He was a leading 
man in the community and was one of the 
first to start a country store. He was associ- 
ated with his brother-in-law, Stephen D. Day, 
until 1806, when the firm was dissolved and 
the business continued b\- Mr. Lindsle\- in john mokkis i.indslf.v. 




8o 



The Founders and Bitii.dkrs or the Oranges. 



tlie store built for the firm on the easterly corner of Cone Street, the site of which is now occupied by 
the Orange Savings Bank. lie continued to do a thriving business for many years and was recognized 
as one of the leading and most enterprising merchants in Essex County. Wiien his sons Nelson and 
George arrived at the proper age t]ie\- were taken into partnersliip and the business continued as John 
M. Lindsley & Sons until his death. In 1850, Nelson and George established the coal business, 
being the first to introduce its use in Orange. They built up an extensive business in this line and 
gradually reduced their stock of general merchandise, limiting it to that of coal and hardware. 

While taking no prominent part in politics, he encouraged improvements in every direction and 
had great faith in the ultimate development of his native town. He witnessed its growth from a simple 
farming district to a flourishing township, which gradually ^ 

developed into a prosperous city. He married Charlotte Taylor, Ja 

a descendant of Rev. Daniel Taylor, the first pasto 
Mountain Society. His children were : Nelson, born A 
1808; Romana A., married I'hilip Kingsley, the first kiw)-cr (jf 
Orange, afterwards. Locke Catlin; John; Ann E., marricc 
Edward Truman Ilillyer; James Girard, George. 



ir of the ^^--y^^i 

"gust 23, ^^^///c 





SIXTH QENEDRATION. 

Nelson Lindsley, eldest child of John Morris and Charlotte (Taylor) Lindsley, was born at the 
homestead of his father, on the corner of Main and Cone Streets, on the site now occupied by his son 
as a hardware store, August 23. 1808. He attended the public school and the Orange Acadeni)', and 
entered his father's store as clerk and, together with his brother George, succeeded to the business. In 
1862 the new brick building was erected on the opposite corner, and for twenty years the firm was 
the most prosperous of any in the county outside of Newark. In 18S3, owing to increasing weakness, 
Nelson withdrew from the firm, the business being continued by his brother. 

Mr. Lindsley had no desire for politics or social life, but was a staunch republican and always a 
leader in every movement tending to improve the town or benefit his neighbors. He was especially 
active in the movement made in 1857 to secure better facilities on the Morris and Essex Road. 
He was one of a committee which waited upon the managers of the Morris and Esse.x Railroad to 
protest, in the name of Orange, against an incre;ise of fares to New York and Newark, of fifty and twenty- 
five [)cr cent. He continued to agitate the matter until the object was accomplished. He also assisted 
in securing the incorporation of Orange as a town. The agitation was begun in 1S59, •^"'^' ''^ called to 
order the first public meeting held to consider that question, in Willow Hall, No\ember 17, 1859. He 
was elected to represent the Third Ward in the following year, wiien the first Town Committee was 
organized. He served one term of three years. Mr. Lindsley was President of the Rosedale Cemetery 
Association for many years and spent much of his time in bringing the cemeterj' to that state of 
development which has since characterized it. Under the oV\ militia s\'stem he took an active interest 
in military affairs and was adjutant of tlie Fifth Regiment, Esse.x Brigade. There were few men 
who occupied a more important position or exercised greater influence in the community. He 
was a devoted husband and a model father. He married Ann Harrison, daughter of Caleb Harrison 
(son of Caleb, of George, of George, of Sergeant Richard), and had issue, Charlotte, Edward, Anna, 
married, first, Farrand Dodd, secoiul, Orrin S. Wood; John N., Walter. Mi. Lindsley tlied Sunday, 
July I, 1888. 

George Lindsley, youngest child of John IMorris and Charlotte (Taylor) Lindsley. was born at 
the homestead of his father, corner of Main ami Cone Streets, in 1821. He was educated at the public 
school and Orange Academ)-, and began his business career as clerk in his father's store. His father 
subsequently retired from active participation in the business ami a new co-partnership was formed 
under the firm name of J. M. Lindsley & Sons, composed of Nelson and George Lindsley. The 



4S»w«v. 




GEORGE LINDSLEY. 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 8i 

character of the business was changed, the new firm giving iij) the dry goods and continuing with 
groceries and hardware, and the coal business which they had already taken up as an independent hne. 
Tlie new firm continued at the old stand on the southeast corner of Main and Cune Streets for 
several years. Ahnut iSOo, j. M. I.indsley made a division of iiis property and the west corner came 
into the possession of N. & G. Lindslcy, who erected tiie brick building on the site of the old homestead, 
where they continued to do business until the failing health of Nelson necessitated his retirement, 
George then assuming control, being associated with Jolm N.. the son of Nelson. 

George Lindsley was a public-spirited man and took great interest in the development of Orange, 
and to his enterprise and energy are due many of the improvements that have made Orange conspicuous 
as a suburban city. He was an ardent republican, an earnest worker for his party, and his influence 
could always be felt in his ward on election day. Few members of his party did so much personal 
work on such occasions as he. He represented his ward in the Common Council and in the Board of 
Chosen Freeholders. He was one of the original incorporators of the Orange Savings Bank. He was 
a member of the First Presbyterian Church, a member of the Board of Deacons and for many years a 
member of the Board of Trustees. He was a shrewd business man and accumulated considerable real 
estate during his life. He was very accommodating to his friends and allowed them the use of his 
name or money, and often to his sorrow. Mr. Lindsley married Henrietta Matilda, a sister of General 
Alfred Munn, and a daughter of William Munn, son of Aaron, son of Benjamin, son of John Munn, 
the ancestor of the Newark branch of the family. The issue of this marriage was: Frank, died in 
infancy; Stuart, Emma Louisa, Laura Matilda, Kate Munn. died in infancy, Cliarles Alfred, tiara 
Augusta, born 1862, died 1SS6. 

SEVENTH QENERATION. 

John NicoL Lindsley, fourth child of Nelson and Ann (Harrison) Lindsley, was born on the cor- 
ner of Centre and Reuck Streets, Orange, November 23, 1846. He attended the public school and com- 
pleted his education at the Orange Academy. Desirous of obtaining a more thorough knowledge of 
general business affairs than could be acquired in his native town, he went to New York city and entered 
the employ of the Russell & Erwin Manufacturing Co., where he remained six- years. When his father 
retired from business, in 18S5, on account of failing health, John N. returned to Orange and took his 
place in the firm, being associated with his Uncle George. On the death of the latter, Charles A., 
his youngest son, became his successor, and was associatetl with John N., for a time in the coal ami 
hardware business. In 1S89 there was a division made, Charles \. taking the coal and John N. the 
hardware business. He enlarged and made manj' changes in this line, adding a greater variety of goods 
anil doing a more extensive trade than was carried on either by his father or grandfather. He is a man 
of great force, energy and determination of character. Although taking no active part in politics, he is 
an ardent Republican, and true to the principles represented by his party. He is manager of the Orange 
Savings Bank, one of the oldest institutions of the kind in this part of the country. Mr. Lindsley mar- 
ried Ella, daughter of Napoleon Stetson, of Orange, a descendant of Robert Stetson, the ancestor of the 
family, born in Scotland in 1612, and settled in Scituate, Mass. Three children are the issue of this 
marriage, viz. : Mary, iVnna and Isabel. 

Stuaut Lindsley, eldest son of George and Henrietta Matilda (Munn) Lindsley, was born in 
Orange, February 18, 1849. ^^ attended the public school and also the well-known private school kept 
by the Misses Robinson, and later the Newark Academy, and was graduated at the School of Mines of 
Columbia College in 1870. The first year after his graduation he was engaged in the private laboratory 
of Professor Charles A. Chandler, as analytical chemist. He then took up civil engineering, and for the 
next five years was engineer of the Dundee Water Power and Land Co., having charge of the company's 
works at Passaic, N. J. During a portion of the time he was also City Engineer of Passaic City, and 
also engaged in private work in the line of his profession. In 1S73, there being a general business 



82 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

depression in the East, he accepted an offer to go as chemist to the Union Consolidated Mining Co., of 
Tennessee, an extensive copper mining and smelting company, located at Ducktown, Tenn. In 1879 he 
went to Leadville, Col., and engaged as assayer with the Gage Hagaman Smelting Co., proprietors of 
one of the early silver lead smelting works of that place ; subsequently he accepted a similar position 
with the Chrysolite Silver Mining Co. He removed thence to Clifton, Arizona, and was appointed 
superintendent and metallurgist of the Detroit Copper Co., and afterwards filled the same position with 
the Royal Gorge Smelting Co., at Canyon City, Col., also doing other \\ork in the \\'est in the line of 
expert in mining, &c. 

Mr. Lindsley returned East in 1887, and soon after engaged in business in his native town. He 
formed a co-partnership with Robert Wright for the purpose of carrying on business as road contractors 
and builders, under the firm name of Wright & Lindsley. After the death of his father, he joined his 
brother, Charles A., who had already succeeded to the coal business of his father, and formed a new co- 
partnership in the same line, under the firm name of S. & C. A. Lindsley, his cousin, by mutual consent, 
having taken the hardware business. About this time the property on the southwest corner of Main 
and Cone Streets having been left to him and his brother by their father's will, they enlarged the build- 
ing, adding some seventy-five feet on the west side of the corner brick building. 

Mr. Lindsley continued his connection with Mr. Wright, and with him also formed a separate branch 
as engineers and contractors for the "construction and equipment of steam and electric railways, power 
and mining plants," etc. Mr. Lindsley organized the Essex County Electric Co., of which he is the 
manager. This company supplies Orange and West Orange with the electric light, but possesses abund- 
ant facilities for extending operations to other parts of the county. 

Mr. Lindslej' is one of the few descendants of the " Founders of the Oranges," who have continued 
the work begun by their ancestors, and is w'orthy to be classed among the advanced Guilders, to whose 
energy, enterprise and business sagacity, the citj' of Orange owes its great prosperity. His long experi- 
ence in the West developed the characteristics inherited from his ancestors, awakening within him the 
spirit of self-reliance and confidence, to which he owes his success in his various business enterprises. 

Mr. Lindsley married Katharine Elizabeth Merrill, daughter of John Leonard Merrill, a descendant 
of Nathaniel Merrill, the ancestor, one of the founders of Newburyport, Mass., in 1635. Their children 
are George Leonard, Lucy Merrill. Alice, Horace Nelson and Girard. 

Charles Alfred Lindsley, second son of George and Henrietta Matilda (Munn) Lindsley, was 
born on Day Street, Orange, April 30, 1859. Studious, earnest and thoughtful as a child, he developed 
the same characteristics as a man. He began his studies in the public school, and after graduating at 
the Orange High School, he was prepared for college under a private tutor, and was graduated from 
Princeton in 1882. He soon after entered his father's employ as a clerk, and after the death of the 
latter formed a new co partnership with his cousin, John N. Lindsley, and continued for a time in 
the coal and hardware business established by his father. Three years later a division of interests took 
place, John N. Lindsley having withdrawn by mutual consent, taking the hardware business as his share, 
and a new co-partnership was formed in the coal business with Stuart and Charles A., under the firm 
name of S. & C. A. Lindsley. The latter continued to develop this branch of the business, and became 
connected also with other enterprises. He is interested with his brother in the Essex County Electric 
Co., of which he is Secretary. He is a director of and assisted in organizing the Second National Bank. 
He is a member of the Board of School Commissioners, and having in early life enjoyed the benefit of 
the excellent school system for which Orange is famous, he is naturally interested in maintaining its 
reputation and a.ssisting in the further educational development. 

In religious matters Mr. Lindsley adheres to the church of his ancestors, but is in sympathy with 
the more advanced and liberal ideas of modern Presbyterianism. He is an elder in the First Presby- 
terian Church, and an earnest supporter of its able and liberal-minded pastor. As Treasurer of the Board 
of Trustees, he looks carefully after the financial affairs of the church. He is also a teacher in the -Sab- 
bath School, and a faithful laborer in the various branches of church work. 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 83 

lie nianictl Miss Emily M. Decker, daugliter of Frank Decker, Esq., of Rochester, N. V., a descend- 
ant, probably, of Abraham Decker, who came from Holland about the middle of the scventeentli cen- 
tury, and settled near Albanw N. V. 

Henjaiiiiii I-indsley, son of Judge Joseph Lindsley, of the fourth generation, was born about 1786. 
He married Mary, daughter of Joseph Camp — son of Joseph ('2), Joseph (i), son of Samuel, son of 
William Camp, one of the original settlers, who came from Milford to Newark in 16O6. Benjamin 
Lindsley hid, among other children, a son, Joseph C , who was the father of Mrs. Frazar, of Orange. 



THE MANDEVILLE FAMILY. 

The Mandeviilcs of America all have a common origin and are descended from one of the oldest 
and most distinguished families of France. An inscription on a plate over the gate at the entrance of 
Rouen, in Norniand\', France, from whence the family came originally, shows that they had achieved 
great distinction in the early history of that ancient city. When William, Duke of Normandy, "the 
Conqueror," passed over into England, A. D. 1066, he was accompanied by one Godfridus de Mannavilla, 
who, on the distributory lands and lordships which afterwards took place, was very liberally rewarded 
for his services. A grandson of the latter was the first Earl of Essex. 

Giles Jansen De Mande\ille, the American ancestor of this famil}', fled from the city of Rouen, 
Normandy, F" ranee, to Holland, and in the province of Guilderland : he married Elsje Hendricks, about 
1640. He rccei\ed from the Dutcli Go\ernment a grant of land at Flatbush, L. L, and came to this 
country in 1647, on the ship " Faith," in company with Peter Stu\'vesant, afterwards Go\-ernor of the 
colony, who was a great friend of the family and who, later, gave his friend Mandeville a grant of land 
on the Hudson River, extending from Ganzevoort Street upwards and including the present Abington 
S(|uare, which was then the family burying-ground. The locality was Greenwich village. 

SECOND GENERATION. 

Hendrick Mandeville, the eldest cliild of Giles Jansen De Mande\ille, came into possession of the 
I'latbLisli, L. L, property, which he sold and removed to Pompton Plains, N. J. He was twice married 
and had six children, viz.: David, Peter, Antje, Johannis, Hendrick and Giles. 



THIRD GENERATION. 

Giles Mandeville, youngest child of Hendrick, was born at Pompton Plains, N. J., January 25, 
1708, died August 8, 1776. His first residence was in a log house, which was destroyed by fire in 1742. 
He built a stone house on the same site which is still standing. He married Leah Brucn or Brown and 
had eight children, viz.: Hendrick (3), born 1732; Elizabeth, born 1736; William, born 1739; Johannis, 
born 1740: .Anthony, born ^Lirch 7, 1742; Grietje, GWc?,, A l>r aha Jii. 

KOIJKrH GENERATION. 

AiiKAilAM ALvNDliViLLE, youngest child of Giles and Leah (Brown) Mandeville, was born at 
PompttMi Plains, N. J., October 25, 1750. He was a man of considerable means and influence in the 
community. He married Antje Van Wagoner. Their children were: Catherine, born August 7, 1775, 
died in infancy; Gellis, or Giles, born November 29, 1777; Cornelius, born November 20, 1779; 
William, born May 20, 1782; Helmah, born August i8, 1785; Abram. born May 14, 178S ; Catherine, 
again, born July 24, 1789; Leah, born June 8, 1795. 



84 



The Founders and Builders of the OrangeS. 



Giles MaXDEVILLE, eldest living child of Abraham and Antje (Van Wagoner) Mandeville, was 
born at Pompton Plains, N. J., November 29, 1777, died in Orange. June 14, 1863. He was a prosperous 
farmer and a man of more than ordinary intelligence, possessed of a retentive memorj' and fond of 
books of which he had a large and varied collection. He was well informed on the leading topics of 
the day and was a man of much ability and influence. He was the founder of the Orange branch of 
the family, having settled here in 1800, being then a young man of twenty-two. He was interested 

in educational matters and founded the 
first public library ever established in the 
Oranges, his own collection of books form- 
ing the nucleus. It was well patronized 
b\' the young men of the day who derived 
great benefit from it, and Mr. Mandeville 
was recognized as a public benefactor. 
He died June 14, 1863, and was buried in 
the old Orange burj-ing-ground, afterward 
removed to Rosedale Cemetery. He 
was a man of honest convictions, but 
simple and unaffected in his manner. In 
appearance and personal characteristics 
he showed the hereditary traits of the 
family. He married Sally, daughter of 
Henry Wick, of Morristown, N. J., and 
had issue, Abraham, yanies Camp, Eliza- 
beth, married Cyrus Baldwin (see Baldwin 
family), Henry Sears, and Preston. Giles 
Mandeville married, second, Abigail Crane, 
a descendant of Jasper Crane, who married 
the daughter of Governor Treat, of Con- 
necticut, and one of the original settlers of 
Newark. 

SIXTH GENERATION. 

Abraham Mandeville. eldest child 
of Giles and Sally (^Wick) Mandeville, was 
born in Orange, August 27, 1805. He 
was educated at Colonel Chester Robin- 
son's school and later engaged in mercan- 
tile affairs and held many offices of trust 
and honor. He was Coroner and was for fifteen years Justice of the Peace. He was one of the 
incorporators of the Orange Savings bank and continued on the board of management up to the time 
of his death. His early connection with the Masonic Fraternity was a notable event in his life, having 
been raised to the sublime degree of Master Mason, F"ebruary 20, 1827, in Union Lodge, No. 11, only a 
few weeks before the corner-stone of Masonic Hall was laid. Stephen D. Day, one of the founders of the 
Lodge, was Grand Junior Warden of the State at the time, and took an active part in the ceremonies. 
Dr. Daniel Babbitt, who afterwards became Grand Master of the .State, was Worshipful Master of Union 
Lodge at the time, and from him Mr. Mandeville recei\ed his first lessons in Speculative Masonry, and 
exemplified its teachings during the remainder of his life. During the anti-Masonic excitement, from 




GILES MANUKVILI.I-,. 



Thk Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



85 



1836 to 1846, he remained firm and loyal to the Order, and at the time of his death was the oldest living 
Master Mason in Orange, having been a member of Union Lodge for over half a ccnturj'. When work 
was resumed by the Lodge, after a lapse of many years, he was among the first to take his ])lace among 
his brother members. He died in May, 1887, aged 81 years and 9 months. He married Lydia L. Kil- 
biirn, daughter of Daniel Kilburn. of Orange, a descendant of "Sergeant John " Kilburn, of Wethersfield, 
Conn., whose ancestry dates back to tiiat of William de Kilbourne. Lord of the manor of Kilbourne in 
Yorkshire, born A. D., 1 173. The children of Abraham and Lydia L. (Kilburn) Mandeville were: Lewis 
A., Sarah E., Giles P., Phebe A. and Mary K., who married Joseph A. Minott. 

James Camp Mandeville, second child of Giles and Sally (Wick) Mandeville, was born in the 
house, on Main Street (still standing), opposite the Methodist Church, about 1807. He received a good 
common school education, and learned the 
trade of coach-making with Hedcnburg, 
Pickett, Cooper & Co., and was associated 
with them in business. He made con- 
siderable money, but through the failure 
of his old employers, in iS4i,helost it, and 
was obliged to go to work as a journeyman. 
He removed to Newark and lived there 
during the remainder of his life. He mar- 
ried Caroline \'an Vilsor, of Hempstead, 
L. L, and had issue Dr. Frederic B. and 
Anna M., who married Edwin Scudder. i^»^ ■- 

It is not surprising to find a physician "vV \ * 

in this branch of the family, as there have ' 

been se\eral members of the different 
branches who have attained distinction in 
this profession. Sir John Maundevillc, 
born in St. Albans, England, about 1300, 
was a man of scholastic learning and also 
acquainted with medicine and natural sci- 
ence, as understood in that day. Bernard 
Mandeville, M. D., born at Dordrecht 
about 1665, was settled as a physician in 
London, where he died January 21, 1733. 
Several members of the American branch 
ha\c been prominent as physicians. 

SEVENTH OENERAXIOX. 




JAMF.- 



Frederick B. Mandeville, eldest .son 
of James Camp and Caroline (Van Vilsor) 
Mandeville, was born at 291 Washington Street, Newark, 17th of August, 1840. He evinced early in life 
a thirst for knowledge and a determination to adopt a professional life. With bright hopes for the 
future, the father gave him every encouragement, and his preliminary studies were pursued under the 
direction of Nathan Hedges, Rev. William Bradley, and the distinguished classical teacher. Rev. Dr. 
Weeks. He completed his preparatory course at the Newark Academy, and soon after entered Rutgers 
College. At the end of his sophomore years he decided to give up his studies and pursue a mercantile 
career. He began as clerk in the mercantile establishment of S. R. W. Heath & Co., and soon won the 
confidence of his employers and was duly promoted. The desire to enter the medical profession 
returned and he applied himself diligently, during his leisure hours, to the study of such works on 



86 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

medicine as would enable him to enter a medical college, lie became interested in the theories of the 
new school of practice and, at the age of nineteen, entered the New York Homeopathic Medical College, 
from which he was graduated in 1861. While pleased with the new school of practice, he determined 
to obtain a knowledge of the old as well, and after completing his course in the first, he entered the 
New York Medical College from which he received his degree of M. D., in 1863. While pursuing his 
studies in the latter college he availed himself of the opportunity occasioned by the Civil W^ar and 
obtained an appointment as medical cadet in the U. S. service, and was assigned duty at the 
Ward United States Hospital, in Newark. After a brief experience he was promoted to 
Acting Assistant Surgeon. His experience in this hospital proved of great advantage to him in his 
subsequent practice. He was associated for a year with Dr. Charles R. Fish, a homeopathic physician, 
in Newark, N. J. On the latter's removal from Newark, Dr. Mandeville succeeded to his practice. 
During this period he continued his studies and his mind broadened and expanded and he was led to 
take a more liberal view of the old and new school and adopt such methods as seemed best adapted to 
circumstances. The wisdom of this course was soon manifest, and his clientel increased from year to 
)-ear and the "God bless )-ou " fell from the lips of many who had experienced the benefit of his 
independent methods. During his long and successful practice, Dr. Mandeville has kept apace with the 
times, read}' at all times to adopt the best methods of others, even where it conflicted with his pre- 
conceived theories. He enjoys a high reputation among those of his professional brethren who are 
not wedded to iron-clatl theories, and is admired for his bold, independent, manly course. In 1869 he 
was appointed to the chair of Diseases of Children and Hygiene, in the New York Homeopathic 
Medical College ; his professional duties, however, compelled him to decline the honor. 

The cause of education has always been one of deepest interest to Dr. Mandeville, and he has 
never neglected any opportunity to place the best means and facilities within the reach of the masses. 
He was elected a member of the Board of Education of Newark, in 1872, continuing for nine years, 
until his removal from the ward, in 1881, necessitated his retirement. For seven years of this period he 
was chairman of the Teachers' Committee. He was for some years a member of the Newark Hoard of 
Health, having succeeded Dr. J. D. Brumley to that position in 1882. He was twice President of the 
Health Board and was chief officer of health for five years under the old regime, and during this period 
he recommended many changes and improvements which were of great benefit to his native city. He 
served as President of the new Board of Health for one year. Dr. Mandeville was one of the founders 
of the New Jersey State Homeopathic Society and served two terms as its President. He is a member 
of tile New Jersey Medical Club and American Institute, and an honorary member of the New York 
and Pennsylvania State Homeopathic Societies. He has been for many years a contributor to the 
medical journals, his articles evincing originality and intlependence of thought as well as careful study 
and thorough in\estigation. He is a member of the New Jersey Club, composed of phvsicians residing 
in Union, Hudson, Esse.x and Passaic counties. New Jersey. 

Dr. Mandeville has been identified with \ariiius business enterprises, which have profited b\' the 
results of his early business experience. His reputation for business sagacit}- and foresight show that 
the time spent during his early days in acquring this knowledge was not in vain. He was one of the 
organizers of the Schuyler Electric Light Co. ; was its first Vice-President, and was its President until 
its consolidation. He was one of the organizers of the U. S. Industrial Insurance Co., of Newark, which 
enabled the poorest men to avail themselves of its benefits, relieving want and misery in thousands of 
cases which the old plan of life insurance, under its costly methods, would have failed to meet. He 
was its Medical Director and Vice-President, and was elected President in 1892. 

In his religious connections. Dr. Mandeville was first with the Reformed Dutch Church, afterwards 
Elder of the Park Presbyterian Church, and when that was removed to the north end of the city he 
united with the old P"irst Presbyterian Church. He is also a member of St. John's Lodge, F. and A. M., 
of Newark. 

Socially, Dr. Mandeville is one of the most genial and entertaining t)f men. Kind hearted ami 



TiiK Founders and Hrii.DKus ok the Oranges. 87 

charitable, he lias always been foremost in performing goods deeds, and relieving those in trouble and 
distress. He is still in the prime of life ; his physical manhood strong, vigorous and pure. He is be- 
loved by his associates, as well as by those under him, over whom he exerts a kind and fatherly influ- 
ence. He married, October 7, 1863, Sarah Tee), daughter of George Tucker Teel, of New York. They 
had issue, Frederick Allen, born August 17, 1864; Henry C., deceased; Mary, married E. W. S. 
Johnson, of New York; James Arthur. 

Frederick Allen Mandevh.I.i:, IM. D., eldest child of Frederick R. and Sarah (Teel) Mandeviilc, 
was born at the home of his father, on Washington Street, Newark, 17 August, 1864. His early instruc- 
tion was received at the public schools of Newark, his father being at that time greatly interested in the 
cause of public education, and a member of the Newark Board of Education. Frederick A. was prepared 
for college at the Newark Academy, and entered Rutger's in the class of '85, graduating with honor. 
He was graduateil and rcceivetl his degree of M. D. from the New York Homeopatiiic College, in 1S9O. 
He established himself at 224 Belleville Avenue, Newark, depending wholly on his own exertions, and 
at the end of two years had a lucrative practice among the best people of the Eighth ward. In 1892 he 
made a trip to Europe and took a post-graduate course at the University of Vienna, his preceptois being 
the eminent Drs. Albert and Bilroth. In 1893, soon after his return home, he combined his own with 
his father's practice, and formed a co-partnership, which still exists, although Frederick A. has now 
almost the entire control of it. Like his father, he is not tied down by any iron-clad rules or system, but 
adopts his methods of treatment to suit each particular case. He loves his profession, and is ready to 
make any personal sacrifice to achieve success, regardless of the criticisms of those who are wedded to 
stereotyped methods of cither the old or new school. He has original ideas and has invented and lie- 
vised apparatus and improved methods which have been of great benefit to the profession. 

His inventions have been favorably noticed by the press, and had he chosen to avail himself of the 
commercial ad\antages to be derived therefrom he might have added materially to his exchequer, but 
in all his inventions he has strictly observed the unwritten code, which debars the profession from reaj)- 
ing any pecuniar}- benefit from their inventions. Even had there been no barrier. Dr. Mandcville could 
never be induced to restrict the use of any tlisco\eries of his own that would help to relieve the suffer- 
ings of his fellow-men. He inherits from his father those strong sympathies for suffering humanity that 
would lead to great personal sacrifices for the accomplishment of the ends sought. Like one of his dis- 
tinguished ancestors, his mind runs more in the line scientific than medical research, \-et his researches 
all tend to increase his medical knowledge. He is a member of the New York Microscopical Society, 
the Academy of Sciences, the Torrey Botancal Club, the MacKeon Club, and the several Columbia Col- 
lege Societies. 

THE MITCHELL FAMILY. 

Probable Line of Descent of Lewis, Aaron H. and George L. JVIitchell, of Ea«t 

Orange. 

The name of Mitchell is, according to Douglass, of considerable antiquity, and flourished in the 
central counties of Scotland, where several families held the rank of lesser barons. According to Burke 
this family bore : Arms. — Sable a fesse between three mascles or within a bordure chequy of the second 
and first. Crest. — Three ears of barley conjoined in the stalk ppr. Motto. — Sapiens qui assiduus. [He 
is wise who is assiduous.] 

The American ancestor of the Connecticut branch of the family, Matthew Mitchell, came to this 
country with Rev. Richard Mather in the "James," from Bristol, England, in 1635, bringing with him 
children, David and Jonathan antl perhaps others. He removed to Concord and soon to Springfield, 
Mass.; there signed the contract with Pynchon and others in May, 1636; soon after removed to Say- 
brook, Conn., for a short time where, in the Pequot war, he was protected by Lyon Gardener. He was 
a representative to the General Court of Connecticut in 1637. He died in Stamford, Conn., in 1645. 

James Mitchell, supposed to be a son of Matthew, settled in Elizabeth, N. J., where he died previ- 



88 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

ous to 1684. His widow received an allotment of 125 acres at Westbrook, near Rahway Road. She 
died in 168S. Her son, Jacob, was admitted an Associate in 1699-1700, and drew No. 107 of the 100 
acre lots on the Woodbridge line. 

Lewis Mitchell, of East Orange, was probabU- a descendant of Matthew Mitcliell, through 
James and Jacob, of Elizabeth. He was bora about 1793 and was early left an orphan and adopted by 
a family in East Orange. He married Mary Ann, daughter of Joseph Peck, son of Judge John Peck, 
son of Deacon Joseph, of Joseph, Joseph Joseph, the ancestor. The Pecks in this line were all men of 
prominence in Essex County. Hon. John Peck, the grandfather of Mary Ann Peck Mitchell, was Judge 
of the Court of Common Pleas during the Revolution, and was extremely lenient towards his neighbors 
who, because of their adherence to the Crown were obliged to leave during the Revolution and after- 
wards returned to claim their property. He was an ardent patriot and was hated by the British. Joseph 
Peck, the father of Mary Ann Peck Mitchell, marrieil Mar_\- Hcdden, daughter of Jotham Hedden, son 
of Jonathan, son of Joseph. 

Lewis Mitchell, through his marriage with Mary Ann Peck, came into possession of a part of the 
Peck farm and homestead property in East Orange, which had remained in the family for more than 
two hundred years. He built a new house in 183S on Main Street near the old Peck homestead. He 
was a thrifty, prosperous farmer and a man of influence in the community He left three children : 
Aaron Peck, George Lewis and Mary T. Mitchell, who married Joseph L Kirby, of Brooklyn. 

Aaron Peck Mitchell, eldest son of Lewis and Mary Ann (Peck) Mitchell, was born on Main 
Street, near the present Greenwood Avenue, July 3, 1829, on the farm purchased by his mother in East 
Orano-e, and when quite young moved with his parents to their new homestead on Main Street, near the 
present Maple Avenue. He enjoyed exceptional educational advantages; he was prepared for college 
at Mr. Williams's school, celebrated in its day as one of the best in the country. He had for a classmate 
the present Dr. William Pierson. He entered Madison University, intending to pursue the study of 
medicine, but finding his health giving way he left during the Sophomore year. On returning to East 
Oranrre he embarked in the dairy business, which he carried on successfully for a number of years. He 
owned a large tract of land, which he acquired from his parents, and when the movement in real estate 
began as the result of increased railroad accommodations, making East Orange a convenient suburb to 
the metropolis, he was one of the first to take advantage of the opportunity thus offered. He was a 
man of broad ideas and large-hearted liberality, and favored every public improvement, and was con- 
nected with all the great enterprises looking to the development of East Orange. He was one of the 
chief promoters of the system of macadimized roads, some of which passed through his own propert}-, 
all of wliich he improved and beautified, and encouraged the planting of shade trees, which proved an 
attraction to visitors and led to their selection of homes in this localit)-. Among the streets and a\enues 
which Mr. Mitchell and his brother were instrumental in opening were Pulaski, Steuben and William 
Streets, and Central, North and South Maple, Arlington, Greenwood and Ninth Avenues, most of these 
passing through his and his brother's property. He opened Grove Street, south of Main, on which he 
erected the beautiful homestead where he spent some of the most delightful hours of his life. He was 
one of the founders and chief promoters of the First Congregational Church of East Orange, and was 
permitted to witness the fruition of his hopes and the completion of his labors in one of the most pros- 
perous church organizations and one of the finest church edifices in all the Oranges. During its early 
stru^frles he and his brother and one or two others made up the annual deficiencies, the expenses often 
exceeding the income from all sources. He was not only one of the largest contributors to the building 
fund, but as a member of the Building Committee he canvassed other churches and individuals for sub- 
scriptions for miles around. His winning, persuasive, and yet persistent manner, opened the hearts as 
well as the pockets of all with whom he came in contact. The two places dearest to him of ail others 
were his home and his church. While an ardent Republican he eschewed politics, and although 
frequently solicited he could not be induced to accept office. He was at one time a member of the 
Township Committee, and as such rendered effective service. He was one of the organizers of the East 



■Sr i 





AARON P. MITCHELL. 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges, 89 

Orange Republican Club, and was active in advancing the interests of the party. He was President of 
the Summit Gas Company, a director in the Merchant's Insurance Co. of Newark, and a prominent 
member of the New Jersey branch of the Society of Sons of the American Kcvolution. 

He was a man among men — of a retiring disposition, rather reserved, never seeking a controversy 
or intruding his views on others, but firm in his convictions of right. He never turned a deaf ear to an 
ajipcal for help from the truly deserving, but e.^iercised wisdom and tact in tlie distribution of his chari- 
ties. He was broad in his religious views, and tlie foundation of his faith was the " Fatherhood of God 
and the lirotherhood of Man," and he exemplified the teachings of the Master in his daily walk and 
conversation. 

He married Anna Elizabetli, daughter of Matthias M. Dodd (sec history of Dodd family), a woman 
of rare Christian graces and virtues, a true helpmate, a devoted wife, who shared his joys and sorrows, 
and heartily cooperated in all his plans and undertakings. He died December 28, 1893, leaving four 
children, viz.: Winthrop Dodd, Matthias M. Dodd, Anna and Arthur H. 

WiNTHROP DOUD Mitchell, eldest son of Aaron P. and Anna Elizabeth (Dodd) Mitchell, was 
born at the homestead on South Grove Street, East Orange, May 7, 1862. His knowledge of the 
elementary branches was obtained at the public schools of his native town, and he was afterward sent 
to Phillips' Andover Academy, Mass., to prepare for college. In 1884 he began the study of 
medicine with Prof. Frederic S. Dennis (Professor of Surgery in Bellevue College). He was graduated 
at Bellevue Hospital Medical College in 1887, and afterward served two years as intern in St. Vincent's 
Hospital, New York. He then went abroad for eighteen months, prosecuting his studies at Vienna, 
Munich, London and Dublin. On his return he served as assistant to his old preceptor. Prof. Dennis, 
for about eighteen months. In 1892 he began practice in Newark. Dr. Mitchell removed permanently 
to East Orange in 1895, where he now has a successful practice, being located at the old residence of 
his parents on Grove -Street. While devoting a large portion of his time to general practice he has 
given much to surger}-, and ha3 been successful in a number of difficult cases. As visiting surgeon 
to the Home for Crippled Children and house surgeon at St. Michael's Hospital he has had an experi- 
ence of great advantage to him in his practice. He is a close student and keeps himself well informed 
on all matters pertaining to his profession. He is a member of the Medical and Surgical Society of 
Newark, of the Physicians' Club of Newark, and of Essex County Medical Society. 

He married in 1889 Miss Harriet Morgan, daughter of Charles H. Morgan, of Worcester, Mass., a 
well known mechanical engineer, and a descendant of Miles Morgan, who sailed from Bristol, Eng., 
in March, 1636, and was one of the early settlers of Springfield, Mass. 

George Lewis Mitchell, second son of Lewis and Mary Ann (Peck) Mitchell, was born at the 
homestead on Main street, in East Orange, August 9, 1S31. He had no aspirations beyond the simple 
farm life which his father and grandfather led before him, but he resolved to make the best of his 
opportunities, and when he was sent to the village school he did his best to acquire a thorough 
knowledge of the elementary branches. As a child he was obedient, earnest, industrious and faithful ; 
as a man, lie was honest, upright, straightforward and truthful. He was honest with himself, honest 
with his neighbors and honest in all his dealings with the world. It has been truly said 

" An honest man's the noblest work of God," 

and in this he had the patent of true nobility, and it has often been said of him, truthfully, that " his 
word was as good as his bond." No man ever tried harder to live up to the golden rule, and if he could 
not speak well of a man he would say nothing at all. 

He began his business career at an age when most boys are wholly dependent on others. He was 
but eighteen years of age when he became associated with his brother in the dairy business, and for 
thirty-eight years, until death severed the ties, they were one and inseparable. What one did the other 
did. Their love was like that of Jonathan and David, and all their interests were identical. George 
L. was pleasing in his manners, and his patrons loved him for himself, as well as for his fair and honest 



go 



The Founders and Bini.DKKs of the Oranges. 



dealings. As a Christian, he fulfilled literally the injunction, " Let your light so shine before men 
that they may see your good works and glorify your Father, which is in heaven." He was one 
of the little faithful band who founded the First Congregational Church of East Orange, and who kept 
the flame burning brightly, holding up the hands of the pastor amid discouragements and trials. He 

was one of the financial pillars of the society, 
and one of the largest contributors to the 
building fund. He was deacon of the 
cluirch in 1871, 1S74, 1882 and 1885, and, 
with one exception, served longer on the 
Prudential Committee — the most important 
committee in the church— than any other 
man. His love for his fellowmen was un- 
bounded, without distinction of race or color, 
and his heart was ever touched by the suffer- 
ings of others. 

•' He hath an eye for pity, and a hand 
Open as the day for melting charily." 

He could not be induced to run for 
office, yet he was a member of the Republi- 
can Club of East Orange, and always 
worked for tiie success of his party. He 
was a member of the Ambrosia Inaugural 
Club, and with it attended the inauguration 
of President Harrison. He was a member 
of the Reception Committee, which received 
the members of the Society of the Army of 
the Potomac when the annual meeting was 
held in Orange. He was associated with 
his brother in opening streets and avenues 
in East Orange, and in the various improve- 
ments which have made tliis locality a 
subiu-ban paradise. He had a special fond- 
ness for arboriculture, and the beautiful shade 
trees that adorn the streets were, to a large 
extent, planted by him. His own home, 
though simple in its architectural features, is 
one of the most beautiful and attracti\e in the township. There were two places he loved above all others. 
Those were his home and his cluircli. His death occurred on Easter .Sunday, March 29,1891. He married 
Joanna Wyckoff Collins, youngest daughter of Isaac Collins, of Bloomfield, N. J., and Jane Wj-ckoff, of 
Flatlands, L. I. John Collins, the father of Isaac, came to this country from Donnegall, County 
Ballyshannon, Ireland, in 1774, and settled in Hloomfield. During the War of the Revolution he served 
with the Fifth Pennsylvania Volunteers. At the storming of Stony Point by "mad Anthony" Wayne, on 
the night of July 16, 1779, he formed one of the "forlorn hope," and was among the first to mount the 
parapet, receiving an ugly gash on the cheek from the bayonet thrust of a British soldier. He fought 
his way into the fort, shouting with the brave Americans the countersign of the day, " The fort"s our 
own!" He served the full term of his enlistment and was lionorably discharged at Trenton, N. J., 
January i, 1781, his discharge being signed by Brig.-Gen. Anthony Wayne, which is still in possession 
of the family. This proof entitled Mrs. Mitchell to membership in the -Society of the Daughters of the 
American Revolution. Although a native of Ireland he was probably a descendant of one of that name 




GEORGK LEWIS MIKllKM.. 



Thk Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 91 

who went over with Cromwell's army, the name being English and in no way connected with Irish history- 
The family is of very ancient standing in Cornwall. In the first of Edward II., Jolin Collins represented 
Launceston in Parliament, and in the eleventh and fifteenth Richard II. was Sheriff of the county. 
This branch has always had a Singer and a Jnhn Collins since the time of the Reformation. 

Peter Classen VVyckoff, the ancestor of the Wyckoff family, from which Mrs. Mitchell is descended, 
came from New Netherlands, 1 loliand, in 1635, and settled in New Amsterdam, now New York City ; from 
thence he moved t<< l-'l.itlantls, L. I., where the name of Wyckoff is well known. He was among the 
earliest settlers of that locality. During the War of the Revolution the British troops encamped in the 
rear of the VVyckoff homestead, breaking camp hurriedly. They left behind thein numerous articles of 
camp life which are still in possession of the Mitchell family. 

Nature endowed Mrs. Mitchell with rare gifts, which enabled her to contribute to the happiness of 
her husband and children, as well as to her numerous friends. In childhood she was passionately fond 
of the works of nature, but it did not occur to her until late in life that she had the power to delineate 
these and to work out that which God worked in her. About 1884 she took up the study of painting 
with a lady artist, and later with the well-known artist. Professor Frerichs, of Newark, a native of 
Belgium. Mrs. Mitchell has only attempted reproductions from paintings and engravings, but in these 
there is displayed originality of thought, harmony antl brilliancy of color, and a perfect adaptation to 
surroundings that indicate the true artist. Many of her productions would attract attention in the 
metropolitan art gallaries. Her "Ruth and Naomi" is well executed, and evinces careful study and a 
clear conception of the subject. "Luther in His Study," "^V Group of Sheep," "Scene on the 
Greenbrier River in West Virginia," are among her best productions. "The Color Guard," in which 
she introduced a likeness of her brother, who served with honor in the 139th Regiment, Ohio Volunteers, 
is a splendid grouping, well executed, and shows a high appreciation of the subject. 

Mrs. Mitchell was a devoted, loving wife, and was of great assistance to her husband in the manage- 
ment of his business affairs, and since his death she, together with her eldest son, has had the entire 
management of the estate. It may be trul\- said of her "She looketh well to the ways of her house- 
hold, and eateth not the bread of idleness. Her children arise up and call her blessed, her husband also, 
and he praiseth her." 

Seven children are the issue of the marriage of George L. and Joanna Mitchell: Helen, deceased, 
married Harmon W. Cropsey, a cousin of the artist. They had issue, James Lewis : May Isabel, married 
John Cowenhoven, of New Utricht ; Lewis G., (see sketch); Inez and Irene, twins; the latter died in 
infancy; Inez married Nathanel D. Hall, of Roseville, N. J., and had issue, three children, viz: Joanna, 
Mitchell, Helen Cornell and Amy Johnson ; Ralph, deceased, and George Lansing. May Isabel and 
John Cowenhoven had issue, two sons — George Mitchel and John Denice Cowenhoven. 

Lewis George Mitchell, third child and eldest son of George Lewis and Joanna Wyckoff 
(Collins) Lewis, was born in the house which stood on the corner of Grove and Main streets, East 
Orange, May 12, 1861. He attended the public school until he was about fifteen years of age, and then 
entered his father's employ in the dairy business, continuing with him for about four years, and then 
started in the same line of business for himself, w hich he carried on for five j-ears. He exhibited the 
same self-reliant spirit and determination which characterized his ancestors throughout several genera- 
tions, and although he disliked the occupation he was very successful, and continued until a better 
opening presented itself. In 1885 he formed a co-partnership with his brother-in-law, Mr. H. W. 
Cropsey, in the lumber business at that part of Gravesend now known as South Bensonhurst. The firm 
acquired an extensive water front, and began operations by erecting a number of cottages, which found 
a ready sale. They gradually extended their facilities as the demand increased, and added to their 
stock all kinds of building material, and now do a business of between $200,000 and $300,000 a year. 
Mr. Mitchell displayed great business sagacity for one having no other training than his early experience 
in his native town. He has identified himself with the people of Bensonhurst and taken part in the 
various reform movements. He is a member of the Citizen's League, which succeeded in breaking up 



% 



92 TMe Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

the McKane ring and establishing good local government. He is also a member of the Kidron Lodge, 
F. & A. M., of Bensonhurst, recently organized. He still retains his interest in the home of his 
nativity, and is co-executor with his mother in the management of his father's estate. He is endowed 
with great powers of physical endurance, and has the strong personal traits and true nobility of character 
for which his father was noted. 

George Lansing, youngest son of George Lewis and Joanna Wyckoff (Collins) Mitchell, was born 
in East Orange, March 8, 1872. He spent some five or si.x years at a German school in Newark, and 
afterwards attended Prof. Baylor's school at Summit, where he completed his education. He entered 
the office of Mr. Cropsey, his brother-in-law, in the lumber business, intending to follow that occupation, 
but the death of his father necessitated his returning home to take the hitter's place as protector to his 
mother. He took up his father's business, which he followed for about two years, but having a decided 
inclination for mechanical employment, he closed up his business and concluded to learn the carpenter's 
trade. He is a member of the East Orange Fire Department, a staunch republican in politics, following 
closely in his father's footsteps. 

THE nUNN FAMILY. 

The history of the Mun or Munn family previous to their settlement in New Jersey is somewhat 
obscure. Benjamin Mun, who served in the Pequot war, 1637, of Hartford, probably one of the 
original settlers, was, it is presumed, the ancestor of the Mun familj' of America. He died in 1675. He 
married Abigail, daughter of Henry Burt, widow of Frances Ball. Their children were: Abigail, born 
1650; John, born 1652; Benjamin, born 1655; James, born 1657; Nathaniel, born 1661. 

John Mun, son of Benjamin (i), born 1652; he was in the great fight at Turner's. He left a son, 
John, born March 16, 1682, and licnjamin. 

John Mun, supposed to be the founder of the Munn family of Orange, was born about 1700 or 1705. 
The similarity of names would indicate that he was the son of either John or Benjamin above named. 
The Newark records make no mention of him, but a deed belonging to the Peck family t^now in the 
hands of Mrs. Aaron P. Mitchell), contains a diagram of the Peck pro[)ert\', which shows the name of 
John Mun as owning lands adjoining. If John Mun came to Newark in the part now known as East 
Orange, he probably died soon after his arrival. He is said to have been the father of Joseph, Benjamin 
and Samuel, who, tradition says, came to New Jersey from Connecticut about 1750. Joseph and 
Benjamin settled in what is now East Orange, and Samuel settled in Morristown. 

SECOND QENERATION OK OKANGK SETTLERS. 

Benjamin Mun, probably son of John, was born September 15. 173 1, died July 26, 181S. His farm 
was located on what is now Munn Avenue, East Orange. He was one of the members in communion 
with the Mountain Society previous to 1756. He married Jemima Pierson, born August 28, 1734, 
daughter of Joseph, son of Daniel, son of Thomas Pierson, the ancestor, a brother of Rev. Abraham 
Pierson. The issue of this marriage was: Phebe, born 1755; Bethuel, born 1757; Abigail, born 1758; 
David, born 1761 ; Amos, born 1763; Aaron, born 1765; Elizabeth, born 1767; Rachel. Lydia> 
Jemima, born 1772, married Cyrus Jones; Hephzibah, born 1778, married Jotham Condit. 

THIRU OENERATION. 

David Munn, son of Benjamin and Jemima (Pierson) Munn, was born December 16, 1761, at the 
homestead of his father, on the corner of Main Street and South Arlington Avenue, East Orange. He 
owned about one hundred and fifty acres on both sides of what is now Munn Avenue, then known as 
Mun Lane. He served with the Essex County Militia in the War of the Revolution. He married 
Abigail, daughter of Moses Baldwin, and had issue: Lydia, born 1 781, married Moses Condit : Lewis, 
born 1784; Benjamin, born 1786; Elizabeth, born 1788; Ann, born 1791; John T., born 1794; Ann 
(2), born 1797; Sarah L., born 1802. "*" — 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 93 

kourth generation. 

Lewis Munn, second child and eldest son of David and Abigail (Baldwin) Munn, was born March 
25, 1784. He married Phcbe Jones, daughter of Joseph Jones, of Uanicl, of Joseph, of John Jones, the 
ancestor. Their children were : Abby D., born 1806, married Caleb Baldwin ; Lydia Ann. born 1807, 
married Joseph H. Baldwin: .Isir Berton, born 1809; Thompson C, born 1814. 

FIFTH OENERA.TION. 

Asa Berton Munn, son of Lewis and Phcbe (Jones) Munn, was born in East Orange, 
June 28, 1809. He inherited one-half of his father's and a share of his grandfather David's farm, 
amounting to about one hundred acres, situated on Munn Avenue. He was a thrifty, successful farmer, 
and was noted for his great phj'sical strength and powers of endurance. In the several plowing matches 
that took place at the fairs of the Essex County Agricultural Society and the fairs of the American 
Institute, New York, he carried off most of the prizes, winning twenty altogether. He was popular 
with his neighbors, and held various town offices. He was Justice of the Peace, Road Master, member 
of the Township Committee, Surveyor of Highways, etc. He was a member of the Brick Church of 
East Orange and an exemplary Christian. He married September 17, 1834, Mary Parcel! Hand, 
daughter of Joseph S., a descendant of Colonel Aaron Hand, of Springfield, N. J., who served as an 
ofiRcer in the War of the Revolution. The children of Asa B. and Mary Parcell (Hand) Munn were : 
Joseph Leivis, and four other children, who died in infancy. Asa B. died May 2, 1874. 

SIXTH GENERATION. 

Joseph Lewis Munn, only surviving child of .'\sa Berton and Mary P. (Hand) Munn. was born 
at the homestead adjoining his present residence. No. 13 Munn .-\\ciuie, December 5, 1840. He was 
educated at the local schools and Newark Academy, and graduated at Princeton College in 1862. He read 
law with Judge Amzi Dodd, was admitted to the Bar in 1865, and began practice the same year. For 
more than thirty years he has held a high position in his profession, and is well known throughout the 
State. He has held manj' positions of public trust and honor. He has at various times been Township 
Covmsel for East Orange and other townships in the county. He was Surrogate of Essex County from 
1884 to 1889. He has been County Counsel for Essex County since December i, 1894, and in May, 
1895, was elected Counsel to the Essex County Park Commission, which is authorized to expend 
$2,500,000 in establishing parks and boulevards in the county. He represented his district in the State 
Assembly in 1881, serving on the most important committees of that session; he was Chairman of the 
Committee on the Revision of Law, a member of the Judiciary Committee, and Chairman of a special 
committee appointed to investigate riparian rights and the records of the proprietors at Amboy. His 
best years have been spent in the cause of education, which service has been altogether gratuitous. 
Immediately after leaving Princeton, at the close of his collegate course, he was elected Trustee of the 
public school in East Orange, and has held the position continuously for thirty-two years, and since 1890, 
when the Board of Education was established, he has held the position of President. During his 
connection with the educational interests of East Orange nearly half a million dollars has been expended 
in the building and equipment of public schools, which includes five large brick buildings and one of the 
finest High School buildings in the State. Probably no man in Essex County has devoted as much 
time and attention to this work, and the almost unprecedented growth of East Orange is due more to 
its splendid school system than to any other cause. Mr. Munn was made County Superintendent of 
Schools under the new school law, but was obliged to resign owing to the pressure of other duties. He 
has been counsel for the Orange Water Company since its organization in 1880, and is specially concerned 
in matters relating to water rights. Mr. Munn has been a life-long politician, beginning when he was 
seventeen years of age. He has been engaged in almost every campaign as a speaker and worker from 
early manhood. He has been a member of the Republican State Executive Committee, Chairman of 
the County Republican Committee, and a member of most of the local political organizations. 



94 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

Mr. Munn married, September ii, T867, Elizabeth, daughter of Jolin M. Randall, of East Orange. 
Their children are: Mary R.; Huldah, married S. H. Fitch, of New York Cit}- ; Edward, a graduate of 
Princeton College; John R., and Margaret. 

THE PECK FAMILY. 

Henry Peck, the ancestor of the East Orange branch of the family, came to this country in 1637, 
settled for a time in Boston, and afterwards became one of the founders of the New Haven Colony. 
He signed the " Fundamental Agreement," June 4, 1639, and took the oath of fidelity July, 1644. 
He and Joseph Peck received their division of home lots the same year. The New Haven colonial 
records contain the following : " Henry Peck and Old Bassett were desired to set the great gunnes 
upon good strong carryadges." Henry Peck died in the autumn of 165 i. His will was presented at 
court, 30th October of that year. He had Eleazer, baptized 13th March, 1643; Joseph, baptized 5th 
September, 1647 ; Benjamin, baptized 5th September. 1647 ; Elizabeth, born i6th March, 1649 and bap- 
tized 24th March, 1650. 

SECOND GENERATION. 

Joseph (i) Peck, son of Henry and Joan ( ) Peck, was born in New Haven, 5th Sept., 1647. 

He married Sarah, daughter of Roger Ailing, one of the signers of the " Fundamental Agreement" at 
New Haven, in 1639. Tliey liad issue: Sarah, born 1672 ; Josepli, born 9th October, 1675 ; Samuel, 
born 1677 ; James, born 1680: John, born 1682: Eliphalet, born 1685 ; Abigail, born 16S6: Mary, born 
1689; Ebenezer, born 1693. 

THIRD GENERATION. 

Joseph (2) Peck, (Deacon Joseph), eldest son of Joseph (i) and Sarah (Ailing) Peck, was born in 
New Haven, 9th Oct., 1675. He sold his estate, left him by his father, to his brothers James and 
Samuel, and removed to Newark, where he acquired a large tract of land in that portion of the town for 
many years afterwards known as Pecktown, and more recently as East Orange. On April 19, 1719, he 
was appointed with " Deacon Azariah Crane, Mr. James Notmand and others, to renew the line between 
Newark and Acquackanaig." On March 10, 1746-47 he, with five others, "were chosen to take care of 
the Parsonage Lands and prosecute Offenders." He married Lydia Ball, daughter of Edward Ball of 
Newark, and had issue: Sarah, Joseph, born 1702; John, Timothy, born 1709. 

KOURTH GENERATION. 

Joseph (3) Peck, son of Joseph (2) and Lydia (Ball) Peck, was born in that part of Newark after- 
wards known as Pecktown, in 1702. On the organization of the Mountain Society, or Second Church 
of Newark, he became one of the ruling elders, and was also a deacon. He was one of the " beloved 
friends and brethren in covenant relation," selected by Rev. Daniel Taylor, the pastor of the church, to 
be the executors of liis will. He died July 12, 1772. By his wife, Jemima (Lindsley) Peck, he had 
issue: David, hovn 1727; Jesse, born 1730; John, born 1732; y^'.fr///, born Jan. 2, 1735; Moses, born 
Oct. 6, 1740; Abigail, born 1745: Ruth, who married Stephen Dod ; Elizabeth, born 1747, married 
John Wright. 

FIFTH GENERATION. 

D.WH) Peck, eldest son of Joseph (3) and Jemima (Lindsley) Peck, was born in that part of New- 
ark now known as East Orange, in 1727. He dietl Ajiril 5, 1796. He inherited lands from his father 
and acquired additional property. He married RLiry Williams, daughter of Thomas, son of Matthias. 
She died Jan. 9, 1799. Their children were : Daniel, ydincs. Abiel (who married Phebe Canfield), Ruth. 

SIXTH GENERATION. 

James Peck, second son of David and Mary (Williams) Peck, was born at the homestead in what 
is now East Orange, about 1760. He served with the Esse.\ County Militia in the War of the Revolu- 
tion. He inherited property from iiis father and was a thrifty farmer. He married Hannah Canfield, 



The Founders and liuii.DKUs of the Oranges. 



95 



daughter of Matthew aiul Sarah (Treat) Canficld, tlie ancestor of the Caiifield family. She was the 
sister of Ebcnczer Caiifiekl, wiio tradition says had the best farm at the Mountain. The children of 
James and I laniiah (Canficld) Peck were : {F///w/;/, born Sept. 13, 1790; Aaron, born March 2. 1798 
I'hebe, born June 17, 1801, married Samuel Condit. 

SEVENTH GENERATION 

Wii.i.iAM I'KCK, eldest son of James and Hannah (Canficld) Peck, was born at the homestead of 
his f.itlicr, in what is now East Orange, Sept. 13, 1790; he died May 4, 1849. He inherited a large 
estate now bisected by Hawthorne Avenue, East Orange. He purchased, April 23, 1833, of the Orange 
Trustees, " fifteen acres, more or less," for $450, or at the rate of §30 per acre ; this being a part of the 
fifty-six acres conveyed by the Trustees of the Newark Church to the Trustees of the Orange Society 
August 29, 1826. William Peck m.irricd P'anny Canficld, probably a descendant of Ebenezer, and 
had issue: Ira, born March 26, 1822: Jnmcs, born Ian. 30. 1825; Phebe E., born 1814; Rhoda, 

born, 1816; Margaret E., born 
1819; Mary Ann, born 1827; Har- 
riet, born 1 83 1, married E. O. 
Doremus (see Doremus Family) ; 
William, died young. 

Aaron Peck, second son of 
James and Hannah (Canfield) Peck, 
was born in East Orange, March 
2, 1 798, at the ancestral farm house, 
which formerl}- stood on the south- 
east corner of the present Haw- 
thorne Avenue and Main Street. 
Attaining his inajority he estab- 
lished himself in mercantile busi- 
ness, locating it and his permanent 
dwelling on a part of his father's 
farm, at the southwest corner of 
Main Street and Maple Avenue. 
He was temperate, diligent, perse- 
vering and undaunted by reverses. 
His indomitable will and energy, 
which preeminently characterized 
him, enabled him eventually to 
overcome all obstacles to success. 
His personality and prominence 
in the communit)- were early mani- 
fested. He became a member of 
the Fourth District Company, 
First Battalion, Fifth Regiment, 
Essex Brigade, N. J. Militia, was 
elected Lieutenant April 10, 1819, 
Captain April 29. 1 820, commis- 
sioned b}- Gov. Isaac H. William- 
son, and resigned his commission 
as Captain March 24, 1825. Dec. 
23, 1824, he was appointed First 




AARON PECK. 



96 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

Battalion Paymaster by the Essex Brigade Board, and June 12, 1838, a Master in Cliancery by William 
Pennifigton, then Govenor and Chancellor. Captain Peck in later years was successfully engaged in 
hat body manufacturing at Millburn. N. J. In the closing years of his active life, he was the 
president ami principal owner of the Sussex Railroad. He owned a large tract of land in 
Roseville, and was the first to develop this growing suburb of Newark in 1850. He contributed 
liberally to the various religious, benevolent and public enterprises of his day; lie encouraged young 
men starting in life, and was a kind, considerate friend and helper of the poor. 

In early manhood, 1825-1831, he was an elder in the church of his fathers, the First Presbyterian of 
Orange. His paternal great-grandfather, Joseph Peck, was also an honored elder therein, 1757-1772; so, 
also was the latter's son, John Peck, 1784-iSi i. The grandfather of Captain Peck, David Peck, and his 
brothers, Moses and Joseph, served their country in the Revolutionary War. About 1831 he united 
with the colony from the First Church, which established the " Brick Church " (Second Presbyterian). He 
was instrumental in the formation and incorporation of "The Roseville Presbyterian Church," January, 
1853, and with his family identified himself prominently and actively therein. To this church he gave 
its original site (to which his children by gift have since added). He also contributed very liberally to 
its support and to the erection, 1854, of the original frame edifice, which, in 1888, was removed to the 
northwest corner of Gould Avenue and South Fourteenth Street, Newark, and is now known as the 
"Women's Christian Temperance Hall." He also gave the site, October, 1853, of St. Barnabas' Episco- 
pal Church, chapel house and rectory, Roseville. He rested from his labors in peace, April 8, 1865. 
His memorial window graces the new and substantial brick chapel of the Roseville Presb}-terian Church, 
the loving gift of his grandson, William Halsey Peck. Aaron Peck married. April 19, 1820, Miranda, 
daughter of Bethuel Pierson and Mary Condit, his wife. Bethuel was the son of Samuel (21. son of 
Samuel (i), son of Thomas Pierson, the ancestor of the New Jersey families of this name, and brother 
of Abraham, the first pastor and leader of the Newark Colonists. Mary Condit was the daughter of 
Matthew, son of John Condit, born at Newark about 1701. The children of Aaron Peck by this mar- 
riage were : Caroline, born 182 1, married, 1844, Rev. David Harrison Pierson whose birthplace was 
Caldwell, N. J., |son of Elijah, of Caleb (2), of Caleb (i), of Samuel, of Thomas, the ancestor], of Eliza- 
beth, N. J.; Mary Ann, born 1823, died in infancy; George, born 1826; Cyrus, born 1829; Mary Jane, 
born 1831 ; Aaron, born 1836. 

KIOHXH GENERATION. 

George Peck, Medic.d Director U. S. N., eldest son of Aaron and Miranda (Pierson) Peck, was 
born at the homestead of his father on the southwest corner of Maple Avenue and Main Street, in that 
part of the Oranges formerly known as Pecktown, July 9, 1826. In early childhood he attended the 
public school of his native town ; his knowledge of the classics was obtained at pri\-ate schools, and of 
the modern languages under private tutors. He studied medicine with Dr. S. C. Brewster, Professor 
Joseph M. Smith and Dr. John H. Whittaker, all of New York city, and was graduated at the College 
of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, March 6, 1847. He spent a few months in the city hospital and 
at Blackwell's Island. He received June 27, 1857, the honorary degree of A. IM. from the College of 
New Jersey. After passing a satisfactory examination by the Board of Medical Officers he was commis- 
sioned assistant surgeon U. S. N., February 25, i85i,and ordered to the " Cyane " Home Squadron 
August 23 following; cruised in the Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea and West Indies; crossed the 
Isthmus of Panama before the construction of the railroad ; assisted the survivors of Strain's expedition 
to Darien ; journeyed to the Pacific via the San Juan River and Lake Nicaragua to San Juan del Sur ; 
carried despatches to the United States Minister at Leon, and visited the principal cities and towns of 
Nicaragua ; participated in the bombardment of San Juan del Norte; detached from the "Cyane" Sep- 
tember I, 1854; ordered to the naval rendezvous, New York, September 13, 1854; detached October 15, 
1855; examined and recommended for promotion April 10, 1856; ordered to frigate " St. Lawrence," 
Brazil Station, September 20, 1856 ; joined the Paraguaj- expedition ; detached from the " St. Lawrence " 




GEORGE PECK, M. D., U. S. N. 



The Founders and Buii.nERs ok the Oranges. 97 

May II, 1S59; ordered to the receiving ship "North Carolina," New York, July 2, 1859: detached and 
ordered to the steam sloop-of-war " Seminole," Brazil Station, March 9, i860. He was commissioned 
surgeon May 30, 1861 ; returned to the United States in the "Seminole" and joined the North Atlantic 
Blockading Fleet; served on the Potomac River, Va., during the attempted blockade by rebel bat- 
teries, and took part in the capture of Port Royal, Fernandina and Norfolk, and the capture of rebel 
battery at Sewell's Point, and witnessed the burning of the rebel ram Merrimac ; detached from the 
"Seminole" July 9, \8C>2, and ordered to the Tnarine rendezvous, New York; thence to the " Dictator," 
North Atlantic Blockading Fleet ; detached September 2, 1865, and ordered to the " Vanderbilt," con- 
voy of the " Monadnock," via Strait of Magellan to San Francisco; while en route he witnessed the 
bombardment of Valparaiso and Callao bj- the Spaniards ; volunteered to aid in care of the wounded 
after the action at Callao, and assisted the medical ofificer in charge aboard the " Villa de Madrid," of 
the Spanish fleet ; visited the Peru\ian hospital ashore and tendered service to the medical officer in 
charge; detached June 28, 1866, and accompanied Commodore John Rogers from San Francisco to the 
Atlantic coast before the completion of the railway, escorted by a squadron of United States mounted 
infantry; ordered to navy yard. New York, April i, 1867; detached May 20, 1869, and ordered to the 
frigate "Sabine" May 25 following; received aboard from the Naval Academy the graduated class of 
midshipmen, and sailed on a practice cruise to Europe and Brazil ; detached July 28, 1870, and Septem- 
ber 15 following ordered to the navy yard. New York. He was commissioned medical inspector May 
28, 1 87 1, and on May 1 1, 1872, was ordered to the North Atlantic Fleet ; reported on board the flag-ship 
" Worcester" at Key West, Fla., for duty as surgeon of the fleet ; detached December 26, 1873 ; ordered 
as member of the Retiring Board and for examination of officers for promotion, Washington, February 
25, 1874; detached April 10, 1877, and appointed member of Naval Examining Board, December 1, 1877; 
ordered to examination for promotion January (4, 1878. He was commissioned medical director, of the 
grade of Captain, from January 7, 1873 '< detached and ordered, April 30, 1879, <'■'' 'i member of Retiring 
Board and President of Medical Examining Board; detached and ordered as President of Board of Phy- 
sical Examination of officers for promotion September 3, 1879; detached February 29, 1880, and ordered 
as member of Naval Medical Examining Board, Philadelphia, Pa., March i, 1880; ordered medical 
director of naval hospital, Mare Island, Cal., July 2, 1880; detached October 8, 1883, and on leave; 
ordered as a member of Naval Board of Inspection and Survey December 15, 1883, and detached June 
3, 1885, and on waiting orders; ordered as a member of Court of Inquiry, Washington, June 20, 1884; 
Court dissolved December 31, 1884; ordered as a delegate from Medical Department of the Navy to 
annual meeting of American Medical Association April 9, 1884, Washington, and April 23, 1885, at New 
Orleans; ordered as delegate to represent the Medical Department of the Navy at the Ninth Interna- 
tional Medical Congress, Washington, August 28, 1S87; ordered as a member of the Examining Board, 
Navy Department, Washington, November 5, 1887, and detached July 9, 1888, and from length of service 
in conformity with Chapter III, Section 1,444, Revised Statutes of the United States, transferred to the 
retired list of the navy. Dr. Peck's whole term of service in the United States Navy covers a period of 
nearly forty \-ears, and embraces all the exciting events of our late Civil War. His is the only record of 
the kind connected with his branch of the Peck family. During most of his "life on the ocean wave" 
the home of his childhood was his place of residence, and the scenes and incidents of his boyhood days 
still cling to him with fond recollections. Although he has resided with his sister, Mrs. Pierson, at 
Elizabeth, N. J , since his retirement, he still regards East Orange as his home, and is proud of the 
honorable record of his ancestors, who, for two hundred years, have preserved a spotless escutcheon, 
and have left their impress of good deeds on each generation. Dr. Peck inherits many of the character- 
istics of his ancestors, which opportunity and environment have developed. His public acts are matters 
of public record, but his kindness of heart and large-hearted liberality are known only to the few who 
enjoy his intimate friendship, and to the recipients of his bounty. In his long years of separation he 
has never forgotten the teachings of his childhood and the wholesome lessons in morality and virtue 
received from a godly mother, as well as the noble example of his worthy sire. 



g8 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

Ur. Peck is a member of the American Medical Association, American Academy of Medicine, 
American Public Health Association, New York Academy of Medicine, New York Society for the Relief 
of Widows and Orphans of Medical Men, Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States, 
Society of the Sons of the American Revolution of New Jersey, Washington Headquarters Association, 
Morristown, N. J., New Jersey Historical Society. He is also a member of the Union League, the 
University and Princeton Clubs, of New York, and Essex Club, of Newark, N. J. 

Dr. Peck married, September 27, 1847, Eliza Ardelia Brewster, daughter of Dr. Stephen Coffin 
Brewster and Ardelia Louisa Kimball, and granddaughter of Dr. Royal Brewster and Dorcas Coffin. 

Cyrus Peck, second son of Aaron and Miranda (Pierson) Peck, was born at the homestead on the 
southwest corner of Main Street and the present Maple Avenue, East Orange, November i, 1829. In 
his childhood he attended the Eastern District School of his native place, in early boyhood the private 
school of Mr. Albert Pierson in Orange, subsequently the schools of Mr. Harrington and the Rev. Wm. 
R. Weeks, D. D., in Newark. [Mr. Harrington taught in the old Newark Academy, subsequently 
purchased (1855) by the U. S. Government as the site of the present Post ofifice.j Mr. Peck also attended, 
as a boarding pupil, the school of Rev. David H. Pierson, Ph. D., Elizabeth, N. J. Leaving school in 
1848 he entered the wholesale boot and shoe house of J. H. Ransom & Co., of New York City, where 
he remained si.x years. On the organization (about 1854) of the New Jersey Express Co. (afterwards 
merged with the Adams Express Co.) he became its Treasurer. 

June I, 1857, Mr. Peck entered the service of the Continental Insurance Co. of New York. In 
1859 he was appointed Assistant Secretary, and from 1866 he has filled the responsible offices of Secre- 
tary, Second Vice-President, Vice-President and Treasurer. Mr. Peck in 1854 became a resident of 
Roseville^now the Eleventh Ward of Newark. In 1857, when this ward was created, he was elected 
its first representative to the Board of Education. This office he held for two successive terms. 

He was one of the incorporators of the Roseville Presbyterian Church in 1853. During the inter- 
vening years he has been active in the Board of Trustees and in the Sunday School, serving each in the 
various offices of trust and honor. The presentation by him — as a thank-offering in 1885 — of the two lots 
on which the present commodious chapel stands, testifies to Mr. Peck's devotion to the church which he 
has served as an elder since 1883. When the Roseville Improvement Association was formed (1S81) he 
was chosen President. He is the only representative of the immediate branch of his family that has 
remained within the precincts of the original town of Newark, and has witnessed as a resident its re- 
markable growth and prosperity. 

Mr. Peck is a Director of the Continental Insurance Co. of New York, Vice-President of the Newark 
Board of Trade, member of the New England Society of Orange, and of the Societ\- of the Sons of 
the American Revolution, life member of the New Jersey Historical Society, Trustee of the Washington 
Headquarters Association of New Jersey at Morristown, member and Treasurer of "The Committee 
of Presbyterial Church Extension in the Presbytery of Newark," and, by appointment (1894) of Hon. 
David A. Dcpuc, Justice of the Supreme Court of New Jersey, a member and President of the Essex 
County Park Commission. Mr. Peck married, January 27, 1853. Mary Picton Halsey, daughter of Rev. 
John Ta}-lor Halsey, of Elizabeth, N. J., one of the most prominent and successful educators of his 
time, and one of four brothers, all Ministers of the Gospel, son of Capt. Luther Halsey, a descendant 
of Thomas Halsey, the immigrant ancestor, one of the founders of Southampton, Long Island, 1640. 
The issue of this marriage is: Helen Oakley, Edward Halsey, William Halsey, Edith Mary, and Cyrus 
Curtiss, who died in infancy. 

Rev. Aaron Peck, youngest son of Aaron and Miranda (Pierson) Peck, was born at East Orange, 
June 6, 1836. He was prepared for college under the direction of his brother-in-law, Rev. David H. 
Pierson, Ph. D., was graduated at Princeton in 1857, and at Union Theological Seminary in 1864. He 
accepted a call from the First Presbyterian Church of Perth Amboy to become its pastor in 1869, and 
continued until 1879. ^" 'S80 he was called to the First Presbyterian Church of Brooklj-n, and resigned 
at the end of three years, in consequence of failing health. 



Thk Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 99 

Mr. Peck married, June i6, 1859, Julia Manning, daughter of Stiilc Manning, of Newark, formerly 
of Plainfield. Two children arc the issue of this marriage, one of whom died in infancy : the other, 
Lilian H., being the only surviving child. 

James Peck, eldest child of William (of James i) and Hannah (Canfield) Peck, was born in the 
stone house (still standing) at the corner of Main Street and Hawthorne Avenue, January 30, 1825. His 
early education was limited to the public schools of his native town. He served on the Board of Chosen 
Freeholders for thirty years continuously, twenty-seven of which he represented East Orange Town.ship. 
He was a member of the Essex Road Board for eighteen years, and for fifteen years was its President, 
retiring from that office when the reorganization of the Board secured a Democratic majority in that 
body. 

During the entire period of Republican ascendency in the Board of Freeholders from 1863 he was 
Chairman of the Committee on Jail Delivery, and was regarded almost as a walking encyclopedia and 
directory of the pett)- criminals of the county. He represented the old Second Assembly District, com- 
prising Orange and East Orange, in the Legislature of 1868 and 1869. In 1886-7 he was again elected 
to the Legislature, and was the recognized leader of his party in the House. He was a Director of the 
Orange National Bank. He was also one of the organizers of the Half-Dime Savings Bank in 1870, and 
was its first and only Vice-President. He died August 30, 1893. 

He was married in 1850 to Miss Harriett M. Hedden, daughter of Samuel Hedden, of East Orange. 
She died January 26, 1892, in her sixty-second year. He left five children, viz. : William Peck, Mrs. H. 
W. Havell, of Newark; Miss Emiline W. Peck, Mrs. Frederick W. Ward, of East Orange, and Mrs. 
George W. Dodd, of Kansas City, Mo. 

Line of Judge Jolin PecU, son of Joseph (3), of tlie Fourth Generation. 

JOHX Peck (known as Judge /'a-/'), third child of Joseph (3) and Jemima (Lindsley) Peck, was born in 
that part of Newark now known as East Orange, in 1732. The old homestead where he lived was built of 
stone, and stood on the southeast corner of what is now Main Street and Maple Avenue. This was torn 
down in 1813, and a part of the stone used in the construction of the First Presbyterian Church. Mr. 
Peck was an active and uncompromising partisan in the cause of American independence. On December 
7' '774, lie was one of twenty-three representative citizens chosen as a Committee of Observation for the 
Township of Newark to watch and report any inhabitant of the colony found to be disloyal to the Con- 
gress, so that he " be held up to public notice as unfriendly to the liberties of his country, and all dealings 
with him or her be thenceforward forever broken off." Mr. Peck was conspicuous in all the local events 
that preceded the Revolution, and when afterwards the British army was encamped in this locality he 
made himself especially obnoxious to them, and was frequently obliged to flee to the mountains to escape 
their vengeance. After the close of the war he became Judge of the Court of Common Pleas, and 
although unlettered he was a man of good judgment and sound common sense, but rather eccentric. 
One of his decisions was, "A man who has a deed for his land owns from the centre of the earth to the 
top of the heavens.'" He was e.xtrcmely lenient towards his old neighbors who, because of their adher- 
ence to the Crown during the War of the Re\olution, were obliged to flee to Nova Scotia, and who, after 
the war, desired to return ami take advantage of the Act of the New Jersey I^egislature, pas.sed June 5, 
1777. and it is said that he sometimes •' stretched a point" to assist them in saving their property from 
Confiscation. He was elected an elder in the First Presbyterian Church of Orange in 1784. He died 
December 28, iSii. He was twice married, first to Elizabeth Dodd, January 26, 1761 ; second to Mary 
Harrison. His children by his first wife were: 

Joseph {iSf), horn November 27, 1758, married Mary, daughter of Jonathan Hedden; he died May 
22, 1835 ; she died December 26, 1830. Their children were: Phebe, Betsey, Lydia, Mary Ann, married 
Lewis Mitchell (see Mitchell family), Aaron, Sarah, Fanny, Deborah. Jared, joined the Revolutionary 
Army and supposed to have been killed. Stephen, born 1760, married Naomi, daughter of Timothy 
Condit, and had issue Peter, 1794; Eunice, Maria, Moses, died 1S06. 



loo The Founders and Builders of the OrangeS, 

By his second wife, Mary Harrison, Judge John Peck liad : Rhoda, married Caleb Hedden ; Betsey, 
married Ezekiel Ball; Sarah, married Stephen Hedden: Aaro>i, horn 1771, married Esther Canfield ; 
John, born November 28, 1773, married Phebe Matthews, and had issue Mary, 1795 ; Stephen M., born 
1801; John, 1805; Nancy, 180S; Lydia, 1811; Phebe M., 1S15. 

Stephen M., third child of John and Phebe (Matthews) Peck, born, 1801, married Martha Baldwin, 
and had issue Emeline, 1827, married William Williams; Mary, 1829; Melinda, died soon: Elizabeth, 
1834; Theodore M., 1837; Sarah, 1839, married William Jeffries; Martha and Henry, twins, 1843; 
Eunice, 1845, died soon; Stephen A., 1846, died soon; Emma, 1849. 

THE PIERSON FAMILY. 

Line of Tlnomas Pierson, Sr., brother of Rev. Abraham Pierson. 

In the several histories of the Newark settlement published at various periods, Thomas Pierson, Sr., 
is mentioned as " a near relative, possibly a nephew or brother of Rev. Abraham Pierson." On page 
262 of the " Branford Annals." published by the New Haven Historical Society, is found the 
following record : 

" Nov. 27, 1662, Abigail Pierson, daughter of Rev. Abraham, was married to John Davenport, son 
of Rev. John. 

'■ On the same day Thomas Pierson. brotlwr of Rev. Abraham, marrictl Maria Harrison, daughter 
of Richard." 

Thomas Pierson, Sk., came with the Branford settlers of Newark, in 1666, and was one of the 
signers of the " P'undamental Agreement." In the first division of land he had for his Home Lot, " si.x 
acres, bounded with the Common west, the Highway east, and the rear of other lots, together with 
Benjamin Baldwin, north." This property ran from High Street to " Brick Lane." 

He was one of the first — if not the first — settlers of Watsessing, now Bloomfield, as appears by the 
the records, 1676: 

" He hath another parcel of land on both sides of the Second River, containing 20 acres in length. 
He hath another parcel of land containing 18 acres, lying upon Watsesson Hill, bounded on the south 
by Daniel Dodd, on the north by Benjamin Baldwin, on the east by the plain, and the west by the 
Brook." 

He had a tract of land in Watsessing, acquired by Patent from Gov. Carteret, as appears bj- the 
following: 

"Thomas Pierson, in November, 1690, conveyed for thirteen pounds to Daniel Roonros and Jasper 
Nessepot, both merchants, of New York, all his right, title and interest in a certain parcel of uj^land 
containing twenty acres, lying by the second River; bounded east, west, north and south b_\' land 
unsurveyed, according to my Patent granted by Gov. Carteret, bearing date loth July, 1679. 

Referring to " Early Roads," there is a " third going over," supposed to be a third crossing of ford of 
Second River, on Thomas Pierson's land, about 1C78. That he built a house and settled in this locality 
is shown by the fact that Thomas Pierson's •' fence" appears below Watsesson Hill, in 1695. Thomas 
Pierson was a .veaver by trade. The Newark Records of March 19, 1673-74, contain the following : 
" Item. — It is also agreed that the Weavers Thomas Pierson and Benjamin Baldwin shall be considered 
by the Surveyors to make out their lotts on the Hill shorter." 

In his will, dated 1698, Thomas Pierson names children Sciniucl, Thomas, Hannah, Abigail, Eliza- 
beth and Mary ; .son Sam. Lyon. 

SECOND GENERATION. 

Samuel Pierson, eldest child of Thomas, Sr., and Maria (Harrison) Pierson, was born in Branford, 
Conn., in 1663, and was brought by his parents to Newark when he was three years of age. He no 
doubt removed with his father to Watsessing some years later. It is said he was by trade a carpenter. 
He took up a tract of land between the First and Second Mountains and was one of the first settlers 
there. His name is first mentioned as one of tiie organizers of the Mountain Society. When the pur- 



The Founders and Bl-ilders of the Oranges. ioi 

chase of twenty acres of land was made for a ijlebc, January 13, 1719, the grant was made to Samuel Free- 
man, Satniiel Pierson, iMatthew Williams and Samuel Wheeler. He was a deacon and a leading man in the 
new organization. He died March 19, 1730, and was buried in the "old graveyard," with an honorable 
memorial. He married Mary Harrison, daughter of his uncle, Sergeant Richard Harrison. His children 
were: Joseph, hoxw 1693; Samuel, \ioxx\ 1698; James, who removed to Lake Champlain, N. Y., and 
died there, leaving sons Moses, Daniel, known as "Judge Daniel," born 1703, died 1777; Caleb, Jemima, 
Mary, Hannah. 

THIRD GENERATION. 

Line of Josepli Pierson, eldest child of Samuel (1). 

Joseph Pierson, eldest child of Samuel (i), and Mary (Harrison) Pierson, was born in 1693,31 the 

homestead, between the First and Second Mountains. He settled in South Orange, where he was the 
owner of two mills, a grist mill and a saw mill. Mention is made of these in 1739-40, in a sale to 
Thomas Ball and Aaron Ball, who " bought of Joseph Pierson the equal one-half part of a grist mill and 
a saw mill on the east branch of the Railway River, near the dwelling-house of Samuel Crowell." He 
lived most of his life in South Orange, and died there in 1759. He married Hcpzibah Camp, born 1696, 
and had issue, Sarah, Jemima, Patience (wife of Joseph Pierson), Bethuel, born 1721, died 179I ; Joseph, 
Eliza, Mary, Eliza again, born 1735. 

Bethuel PlERSOX, known as " Deacon Bethuel." was born in South Orange, N. J., in 1721, died 
in 1791. He succeeded his father in the ownership of one of the mills described in a conveyence made 
March 16, 1767, as "beginning at a stake by the road from Newark to Bethuel Pierson's Mill and the 
Mountain." He lived in the old stone house on South Orange Avenue, by the Stone House Brook. 
He was one of the agents appointed by the Town of Newark in 1761, to allot and divide the parsonage 
lands between the three societies or congregations known as the First Presbyterian Society, the Church 
of England and the Mountain Society. He was one of the Committee of Observation in 1774. In 
May, 1775, he was elected by the Freeholders to represent the county in the Provincial Congress. He 
was elected elder of the First Presbyterian Church of Orange, then known as the Second Presbyterian 
Church of Newark, February 9, 1762, and held the office until his death, in 1791, a period of twenty- 
nine years. He was one of the trustees of the Orange Academy, established in 1786. He marricii, first, 
Elizabeth Riggs, born 1725, died 1776; and second. Widow Taylor. His chiklren were: Joseph, born 
1759; Cyrus, hoxw 1756; Rhoda, Mary. 

Cyrus Pierson, M. D., second child of Bethuel and Elizabeth (Riggsj Pierson, was born in the 
stone house by the Stone House Brook, South Orange, in 1756. He was graduated from the College of 
New Jersey, at Princeton, in 1776. He studied medicine under Dr. John Darby, of Parsippaiu", Morris 
County. He began practice in his native place and devoted a portion of his time to the farm which he 
subsequently inherited from his father. Later, he removed to Caldwell, where he practiced for some 
four years. He was one of the founders of the village library and a leading member of the church. His 
feeble health necessitated a further change and he removed to Woodbridge, in Middlesex County, N. J., 
and later to Newark, and entered partnership with Dr. Samuel Hays, continuing until his death, October 
7, 1804. He married Nancy Pierson, daughter of Dr. Matthias Pierson. The children of Dr. Cyrus and 
Nancy Pierson were: Horace, born 1791 ; Harriet, born 1793; Sarah, born 1796; Charlotte, born 1798; 
Caroline R., born 1800; Charles, born 1802 ; Cyrus, born 1804. 

THIRD GENERATION. 
Line of Samuel Pierson (2), son of Samuel (1). 
Samuel Pierson, second son of Samuel and Mary (Harrison) Pierson, was born at the homestead 
between the First and Second Mountains, in 1698. He remained on the farm during his life. He, as 
well as his father, was prominent in the affairs of the First Church. He was elected deacon in 1748, and 
served continuously until his death, in 1781. He married Mary Sergeant and had issue, Eunice, 
Rebecca, Samuel (3"), John, Malthias. Mary, Joseph, Joanna, Zenas. 



I02 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

KOURTH GENERATION. 

Matthias PiersoN, M. D., third son and fiftli cliild of Samuel (2) and Mary (Sergeant") Pierson, 
was born at the homestead, between First and Second Mountains, June 20, 1734. Reentered Princeton 
College and studied medicine some time later ; he did not begin practice until nearly thirty years of 
age. He was the first, and for many years the only physician in the mountain region. His district 
of practice embraced the region now occupied by the Oranges, Bloomfield and Caldwell, and to the bor- 
der of Morris County. Soon after he began practice he moved nearer to the centre of the village, and 
occupied, during the remainiler of his life, the house which stood on the present site of the Central 
Presbyterian Church, on Main Street. He was greatly interested in educational affairs, and was one of 
the incorporators of the Orange Academy in 1 783. He rendered effective service to the patriots during the 
War of the Revolution. It is said that his house was entered by the British during their occupancy of 
'Newark, lie and his family having fled to the mountain during the Hessian raid, as did most of the citi- 
zens at the time. Dr. Pierson married Phebe, daughter of Isaac Nutman, and had issue, Nancy, born 
1765, married Dr. Cyrus Pierson, son of Bethuel Pierson, of South Orange; Sarah, married Rev. Bethuel 
Dodd ; Isaac, Fanny, born 1773, married Israel Crane, of Cranetown (son of Matthias, son of William, 
son of Nathaniel, son of Deacon Azariah, son of Jasper, the ancestor); Matthias, born 1775; William, 
born 1778 ; Mary, born 1781 ; Harriet, born 1785. Dr. Matthias Pierson died May 9, 1809; his wife died 
in 1826. 

FIKTH GENERATION. 

Dk. Isaac Pierson, thirti child of Dr. Matthias and Phebe (Nutman) Pierson, was born in Orange, 
August 15, 1770. He was prepared for college at the Orange Academy, and was graduated at Princeton 
in 1789. He was associated with and succeeded to his father's practice. He was thoroughly devoted to 
his profession, and his practice was large and over a wide extent of country. In 1S27 he was 
President of the Medical Society of New Jersey. He was also Sheriff of Essex County 
and was a member of the twentieth and twenty-first Congress of the United States. He was one of 
the incorporators, in 182 1, of the " Orange Spring Company," which developed the celebrated chalybeate 
springs in what is now Hutton Park. Dr. Pierson married Nancy Crane, daughter of Aaron. Their 
children were : William, born 1796; Albert, born 179S; Phebe S., born iSoi ; Fanny, born 1S03; 
George, born 1805 ; Edward, Aaron, Isaac, Harriet, Sarah Ann. 

SIXTH GENERATION. 

Dr. William Pierson, Sr., elde.st son of Dr. Isaac and Nancy (Crane) Pierson, was born in 
Orange, December 4, 1796. He was prepared for College at the Orange Academy, and was graduated 
from- the College of New Jersey, at Princeton, in 1816. He began the study of medicine with his father. 
He attended a course of lectures at the University of Pennsylvania and at the College of Physicians, in 
New York. After completing his course of study he was licensed to practice bj' the Medical Society of 
New Jersey, in 1820, and received from that Society his degree of M. D. lie was its Recording Secre- 
tary for thirty years. He was thoroughly devoted to his profession and his practice was large and over 
a wide extent of country. As a citizen and a public man, he was judicious in counsel and jealous for 
the people's welfare. In 1837-38 he was a member of the Legislature of New Jersey. He was 
a director of the Board of Freeholders, Sheriff of Esse.x County, 1846-50, active in promoting the 
building of the Morris and Essex Railroad, a corporator of the Newark Savings Institution, and for 
many years its Vice-President. He originated and became a corporator of the Rosedale Cemetery, of 
Orange, in 1840, and to near the close of his life was an active trustee. When the town of Orange 
was incorporated, he was elected its first Mayor antl served continuously for three years, and for three 
years thereafter was a member of the Common Council. These varied responsibilities were distin- 
guished in their execution by intelligence and a .sacred devotion to the public good. Dr. Pierson 



The Founders and Builders ok the Oranges. 



'03 



married Margaret, daughter of Rev. Asa Hillyer, D. D., for many years pastor of the First Presby- 
terian Church of Orange. Their children were: Jane Rikcr, Anne, W'il/iatn, Eihiuird Dickson, ^\av- 
garet Riker. 

Rev. Albert Pierson, a brother of Dr. William Pierson. was born in 1798, and died in 1864. He 
was a well-known and successful teacher. He married Jane Armstrong, sister of Rev. William 

Armstrong. Their children were : William Hugh, 
Rev. George, Albert, Frances, Sarah, married Jacob 
Halsey. 

Rev. George Pierson, another breather of Dr. 
William I'icrson, was born in 1805, and died in 1880. 
He was a clergyman and was the first pastor of 
the Second Presbyterian or Brick Church, Orange, 
N. J. He married Eliza L. Day, daughter of Ste- 
phen D. Day. He married, second, Caroline Stall. 
lie hail issue, Isaac, Wilson G., Caroline Flliot, 
Stephen, Sarah Ann. 

SEVENTH OENERATION. 

Dr. William Pierson, Jr., eldest son of Dr. 
William and Margaret (Hillyer) Pierson, was born 
ill Orange, November 20, 1830. He inherited his 
love of the profession from his worthy ancestors, and 
began, early in life, a course of study especially 
adapted to the work. He received a thorough prepara- 
tory course and was graduated at the medical depart- 
ment of the New York University, in 1852, 
afterwards received the honorary degree of A. M. 
from Nassau Hall. Princeton, N. J. He re- 
turned at once to his native town, where he com- 
menced the practice of his profession and soon 
distinguished himself in surgery — a branch in which he was especially interested, and to which he 
designed to give the greatest attention. He inherited the many estimable qualities of mind and heart, 
as well as the eminent professional skill which distinguished his worthy ancestors. While taking no 
prominent part in politics, he is public-spirited and enterprising, and has the welfare of his native town 
as much at heart as did either of his ancestors. He has been so entirely absorbed in the work of his 
profession as to be unable to give any attention to public matters, save in the cause of education, to 
which he has given much consideration. He was the first President of the Board of Education and 
served for twelve consecutive years in this position. During this period, large appropriations were made 
for public schools and there was a greater advancement in educational matters than at any previous 
period in the history of the Oranges. Dr. Pierson, although never himself to any extent a beneficiary 
of the public school system, has always been an earnest atlvocate of higher education for the masses, 
and has accomplished much in this direction for his native city. As a director, he assisted for many 
years in the management of the affairs of the Orange Bank. His reputation as a physician and surgeon 
is not confined to the Oranges, but he is well known throughout the State. He is a member of the New 
Jersey State Medical Society and has served as its Secretary since 1866. He is a member of the Esse.K 
County District Medical Society, the New Jersey Academy of Medicine and the Orange Mountain 
Medical Society, some of which he was chiefly instrumental in organizing and has been President 
of all. He is attending surgeon at the Orange Memorial Hospital, consulting surgeon of St. Mary's 




WILLIAM PIERSON, SR. 



I04 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



Hospital, Morristown, St. Barnabas' Hospital, Newark, attending surgeon and medical director of St. 
Michael's Hospital, Newark. During the Civil War he was surgeon of the Board of Enrollment of the 
fourth congressional district, of New Jersey, and volunteer surgeon on the Governor's staff. He was 
several times assigned to duty on the battle field, where he rendered important service. 

Dr. Pierson possesses the same genial, kindly 
nature, characteristic of all his ancestors, and is 
much beloved by those who for years have benefited 
by his professional advice and attention. 

Dr. Pierson is justly proud of his ancestors on 
both sides, who have achieved distinction in every 
generation. His great-grandfather, Lieut. Abraham 
Riker, served in the Continental Army before the 
signing of the Declaration of Independence, and 
the doctor has the original commission, dated at 
riiiladclphia, June 20, 1/75, signed by John Hancock. 
Dr. Pierson married Isabel F. Adams, daughter of 
B. F. Atlams, of Chicago, son of Benjamin (2), 
born 1763; son of Benjamin (1), born 1728; son of 
Thomas f2), son of Thomas (1), son of William 
Adams, the ancestor, born in England, 1594, came 
to America, 1628, settled in Ipswich. The children 
of Dr. Pierson are Margaret and Louisa. 

Edward Dickso.v Piekson, second son of Dr. 
William and Margaret (Hillyer) Pierson, was born 
in Orange. He was graduated at Princeton College, 
and soon after began the practice of law in his 
native town. Ere he was fairly established in his 
profession, the breaking out of the Civil War put an 
end for the time to his \-outhful aspirations in this 
direction. He enlisted in the 13th Regiment, N. J. w.i.mam pierson, jr. 

Volunteers, and was elected Captain of Company C. He went with his regiment to the front and served 
with honor and distinction throughout the war. He never regretted the step, never faltered in the 
discharge of his duty, exhibiting the utmost coolness and courage on the battle-field and performed his 
duty as a soldier and a true patriot. At the close of the war he resumed his professional duties and 
was successful along the line he marked out for himself, namely, to office practice. His strength 
consisted in that full, harmonious combination of qualities and powers which has the skill to keep all 
lines and paths under review, and which particularlj' enabled him to gather strength and wisdom from 
multiplied sources and from a broad and comprehensive survey of the entire field. Books, precedents, 
principles, common sense, common experience and common knowledge were all brought to bear upon 
and combined in his advice. No client ever had a more faithful aiul conscientious counsellor. He 
represented his district in the State Legislature for two years. As a public official he was a living 
example of temperance, truthfulness, honor, and all the social and moral virtues of a noble manhood. 
He was strong in his convictions and boKl in his utterance; he abhorred meanness, scorned duplicity and 
despised trickerj'. His generous, warm-hearted love and sympatlu- for his fellows and his exhibition 
of it to them at all times induced their love and respect for him. 




The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 105 

TME QUINBY FAHILY. 

Accordinsj to tradition, tlie Ouiiibys were early settled at Stratford-on-Avon, and were said to be 
related to the Bard of Avon through Judith Shakspeare, who married a Quinby. William Qiiinbj', the 
American ancestor, came before 1650 with Rev. Mr. Hlakeman and others, and is found first at Salem, 
Mass. He was among the original settlers of Stratford, Conn., and may have given the town its name. 
His home lot was No. 7 on the map of the town. Two of his sons, John and Thomas, appear on the 
records of the town. 

William and John QuinBV, his sons, were patentees of West Chester, in Westchester County, 
N. Y., in 1654. John was one of the principal proprietors of New Castle, in the same county. He was 
appointed a magistrate in 1662. by Gov. Stuyvesant. The " History of Westchester County," by 
Bolton, contains a genealogical chart of the Quinby family, as well as a description of the Coat of Arms. 
John Quinby, above referred to, married Deborah Haight and had a son, Josiak (2). 

JoSlAII, son of John and Deborah (Haight) Quinby, married Mary Williams and had a son, Josiah. 

JOSIAII QuiNBV (2), son of Josiah and Mary (Williams) Quinby, married Hannah Cornell and had a 
son. Josiali. 

Josiah Ouinbv (3^ son of Josiah (2) and II, mnah (Cornell) Quinby, was born about 1726, died in 
1804. His name first ajipears on the Newark records in 1765, when it was "Voted that the Parsonage 
Meadow be hired for the ensuing year." Said meadow rented for £2 I2s to Josiah Quinbj-, Joseph 
Mun and Ichab id Harrison. He married Martha, ilaughter of Joseph and Martha (Sargent) Harrison 
(son of Josepli, who was the son of Sergeant Kicliard and Dorcas (Ward) Harrison : she was the 
daughter of Sergeant John Ward). 

The records of the Mountain Society show that the wife of Josiah Quinby "entered into Covenant 
July 10, 1774, antl their two sons, John and Joseph, were baptised August 12, the s.ime year." Josiah 
Quinby served with the "New Jersey Line," regular army, in the War of the Revolution, as Second 
Lieutenant, Captain Potter's company. Third Battalion, First Establishment, February 7, 1776, 
discharged with battalion. Josiah had, in addition to sons John and Josiah, a son Moses, born about 
1750. Josiah Quinby died in 1806, and Aaron and John Quinby are named as executors of the estate. 

Moses Quinbv, son of Josiah and Martha (Harrison) Quinby, was born about 1750. He 

married Mary . Three of his children, Lois, Caleb and Jotham, were baptized in the First 

Presbyterian Church, Orange, October 16, 1774. 

JOTHAM Quinby, son of Moses and Mary (^ ) Quinby, was born in Orange, May 31, 1773. He 

resided in a stone house, built in 1774, on the Smith property, on Scotland Street, South Orange. He 
demolished the old house about 1834, using the stone from it in the basement of the new house which 
he occupied many years. He married l.ilias Smith, daughter of James and Eleanor (Harrison) Smith. 
James Smith was the son of David and Martha (Freeman) Smith, son of James Smith, the ancestor, 
who married Mary Baldwin Crane, daughter of Deacon Azariah Crane, whose wife was Mary, daughter of 
Gov. Robert Treat, of Connecticut. The children of Jotham and Lilias (Smith) Quinby were: Jonas, 
yamcs Moses, Antoinette, Orlando, Hiram, Hannah; Lilias, died young. 

James Moses Quinby, second child of Jotham and Lilias (Smith) Quinby, was born at the home- 
stead, in Orange, October 5, 1804. He attended the village school, but that did not complete his 
education. He possessed, in later years, a well-stocked library and was constantly adding to his fund of 
general knowledge and always kept himself well abreast of the times. He went to Newark when a lad 
and learned the carriage making business with the firm of Robert B. Canfield and John C. Hedenberg, 
which in later years was known as "The Hedenberg Works." Upon the failure, in 1834, of G. & A. K. 
Carter, in whose shop Mr. Quinby was foreman, the latter became the successor of his old employer and 
soon built up a large and profitable trade. He started in a building located on Broad Street, between 
Mechanic and Fair, where his manufactory grew in extent by the addition of new buildings and by the 
increase of his well conducted business until it became the most extensive, as it certainly was the best 



io6 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



^ tK 



^ 



known carriage manufactory in the United States. He had an extensive trade with the South and 
maintained a large branch factory and repository at Montgomery, Ala., and another at Columbus, Ga. 
His carriages bore a high reputation throughout the country and no carriage firm was better known than 
that of Quinby & Co., in every city in America. He lost heavily 
by the South during the war, but remained true and loyal to 
the government. He was a man of sterling character, high 

integrity, simple in his habits and tastes and strong in his __ 

political faith. He was three times elected Mayor of Newark ^^ 

— from 1851 to 1854 — and gave his hearty encouragement as well 
as his ofificial approval of the public improvements inaugurated 
about this time. He was the first Republican member of the 
State Senate elected from Essex County at a time when it 
required great courage to openly avow Republican principles. 
He stood by his party and challenged the admiration of his 
opponents by his firmness and determination and the self- 
sacrificing spirit he evinced. His religious interests were with 
Trinity Episcopal Church, Newark, at which he was a faithful 
attendant and served for some years as Vestryman. 

Mr. Oninby was one of the original managers of the Newark 
Savings Institution and Chairman of the Funding Committee; 
also a director of the New Jersey Insurance Company, and was 
also one of the Water Commissioners. Mr. Ouinby married 
Phebe Ayres Sweazy, daughter of Richard and Hannah (Hays) 
Sweazy. He was the son of William Sweazy, born at Hope, 
N. J., 1766; son of Barnabas and Hannah (Honeywell) Sweazy, born at Southold, L. I., 1715. died 
February 17, 1779; son of Samuel, born at Southold, L. I., March 29, 1689, removed to Roxbury^ 
Mass., May 17, 1737, died there May i i, 1759. 

The issue of the marriage of Mr. Quinby to Phebe Ayres Sweasy, was Anna Eineline, married 
Nelson Wright, of New York, deceased ; two children were born to them — Albert W., died young, and 
Elise. Eliza S., married Charles Borcherling; she died, leaving one child, Frederick ; Morris, died 
young; Jfarie Antoinette; James Milnor, married Mary Casey; issue, William O'Gorman, Anna 
Wright. Ida, manied Wallace M. Scudder, and had issue, James Quinby, died young, Edward Wallace, 
Marie Antoinette. Walden, died yonng. Florence, died young. 




JAMES MOSES QUINBY. 



THE SniTH FAMILY. 

James Smith, the ancestor of most of the eail\- Smith families of Orange, was brought to this 
country about 1680 and landed at Perth Amboy, N. J. The captain of the \essel on which he came 
assumed a guardianship over him and a]>prcnticcd him to Deacon A/ariali Crane, the founder of 
Cranetown. Deacon Crane was much attached to him aud ga\e him in marriage his youngest daughter, 
Mary Baldwin, whose mother was the daughter of Gow Robert Treat, of Ci>nnecticut. Deacon Crane 
gave to his daughter for her marriage portion, a farm on tiie southerly part of his plantation. This 
and other land which Mr. Smith acquired extended nortli to tin- Wheeler tract, running from the to]i of 
the mountain on the south side of the Northfield roail, thence along the southerly side of the Wheeler 
tract to Scotland Street, including the ])roperty owned b\- Caleb and afterwards by Simeon Harrison. 
Smith's house was on the east slope of the mountain, in what is now known as Orange Valley. He was 
one of the company of one hundred who made the Horse Neck purchase of the Indians which inchKled 
all the lands west of the Orange Mountain and east of the Passaic River. By his wife, Mary Balilw in 
Crane, Smith had among other children, a son, David. 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 107 

second qknera.xion. 

David Smith, son of James and Mary Baldwin (Crane) Smith, was born at the homestead of his 
father, in Oransj;e Valley, in 1705. He married Martha, daii<,diter of Samuel Freenvm. It is said that 
she li\e(i to be one hundred years old. David's house, which u .is of stone, was located on Scotland 
Street and it is said tiiat tliis house was cracked from the top to the bottom b\- an eartlujuake wliich 
occurred some time pre\ious to the Re\olution. Da\id Smith. b\- his wife, Martha Freeman, had issue, 
Moses, James, Joseph, Sttwue/ i\nd i)a\ id. 

THIRD QENERATION. 

Samuel Smith, fourth diild of Da\i(l and Martha ^Freeman) Smith, was born at the homestead 
on Scotland Street, in 1745, ilied February 13, 1800. He married Eunice, daughter of Ezekiel Haldwin, 
and had issue, Caleb. 

FOURTH QENERATION. 

CaLEH Smith, son of Sanuu-l and Eunice (Haldwin) .Smith, was born July 30. 1778, on Scotland 
Street, which was a portion of the southern half of the original farm. He died March 15, 1866. He 
carried on the manufacture of horse collars and achieved a reputation for his peculiar style and 
excellency of workmanship far exceeding that of any of his competitors. He married Sarah Garther- 
w.iite, ,ind had Samuel, born in 1804; Elizabeth, married George Smith, son of Joseph. 

KIETH GENERATION. 

Samuel Smith, eldest child of Caleb and Sarah (Garthcrwaite) Smith, was born at the old 
homestead on Scotland Street, November 14, 1804, and resided in Scotland Street during his life. He 
worked with his father at making horse collars and on reaching his majorit\- was taken into partnership 
and succeetled to the business after his father's death. He was a meml)cr of the township committee 
of Orange, of w hich he was treasurer for several years. He was school trustee and was a director in 
the Orange Bank. He served the full term of military serxice as a member of the Orange Troop. His 
religious connections were with the First Presbyterian Church, in which he was a trustee. Mr. Smith 
married Caroline Pierson Tichenor, daughter of Stephen Tichenor, a descendant in the si.\th generation 
f Martin Tichenor, one of the original settlers of Newark, in 1666, and one of the signers of the 
" Fundamental Agreement." Their children were : 

Stephen Tichenor Smith, born June 15, 1827. He, with his brother Caleb A. and son Stuart, has 
been engaged in the Fire Insurance business on an extensive scale for many years. He was Town 
Treasurer from 1861 to 1864 inclusive. He represented the First Ward in the Common Council in 1871 
and again in 1874. He is a member of the First Presbyterian Ciuirch of Orange, was for twenty-one 
years treasurer of the Board of Trustees, and in 1893 was elected de.icon. He married first, Harriet 
N. Harrison, of Abiathar ; she died 1855 ; second, Martha A. Cory, daughter of James Cory, of Pater- 
son, N. J., and had issue, .Stviart C, born October 5, 1857, married Katie Hohler, and has three 
daughters. Herbert Russell, died young; Henry Wallace, born October 28, 1861 ; Samuel Bradford, 
born Sejjtember 5, 1863, died March 24. 1871 ; James Spencer, born January 31, 1866. dietl December 
26, 1881 : Charles Mulford, died young; Grace Thompson, born July 12, 1872. 

Makv Ann, born June 16, 1829, married I. H. Mulfonl. of East Orange, and has children, Carrie, 
Hattie, Elias : 

Sarah Jane, born March 31, 1832, married Thomiison Cundit Munn, and had issue, Alice, Walter, 
Wilbur, Phebe: 

Caleu Augustus, born July 18, 1835. He has been for many years associated with his brother. 
Stephen T.. in the fire insurance business. He is a member of the First Presbyterian Church, of 
Orange, also of Union Lodge, F. & A. M., and of Orange Chapter, R. A. M. He married Mary J., 
daughter of John T. and Polly Munn. and had issue, Minnie E., born March 2, i860, married Charles Starr, 



o 



io8 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

of the East Orange Gazette, d'\e.d December 4, 1891 ; Norwood Thompson, born December 24, 1861, 
married Gertrude Dodd, of Dr. Bethuel Dodd ; Stephen Munn, born July 23, 1866; Louisa Barnes, 
born August 16, 1873, married George Gill, son of Mayor Gill. 

Caroline Elizabeth, born August 14, 1837. 

Samuel Bkadford, born Februar>- 24, 1840, died July 17, 1862. 

Line of Joseph Smith, of the Thirci Generation. 

George Smith, son of Joseph, of Joseph, of David, son of James, the ancestor, was born in 
Orange, about 1822. He married Elizabeth, daughter of Caleb Smith, son of Samuel, of David, of 
James. Their children were: Thomas J., Joseph Warren, Virginia, Elizabeth. 

Thomas J. Smii H, eldest son of George and Elizabeth Smith, was born in Orange, July 18, 1S47. 
ffe attended the public school and also Robinson's school until he was sixteen years of age, and in 
1863 entered the Orange Bank as clerk; promoted in 1869 to the office of cashier and succeeded Mr. 
Lighthipe in 1885 as President, continuing in that office until 1893, when he was succeeded by Mr. 
Charles M. Decker. He is still in the emploj- of the bank and also manager of the Half Dime Savings 
Bank, and treasurer of the Orange Distilled Water Ice Compan\-. He is at present a resident of Cald- 
well. He married Emma, daughter of David H. McCoy; had issue, Emma, Robert VV., Willard, Perc}-, 
Hellen, Marguerite. 

Joseph Warren Smith, second child of George and Elizabeth (Smith) Smith, was born in Orange, 
September 22, 1848, educated at public and private schools, and entered the Orange Bank as clerk in 
1864, his brother having preceded him one year. On the promotion of his brother to the presidency in 
1885, he was promoted to the ofifice of cashier and has since continued to hold that position. He is a 
member of the Grace Episcopal Church, of Orange. He married Fanny Irene Kilburn, daughter of 
Abraham Mandeville Kilburn, a descendant of Gershom Kilburn, one of the early settlers of South 
Orange. The issue of this marriage is one son, Paul. 

THE WARD FAHILY. 

The Wards have been famous as Founders and Builders from the time the}' came over with the 
Conqueror, in 1066, to the landing of the Connecticut pilgrims in Newark, in 1666, and the historj- of 
this family is interwoven with the growth and prosperity of New Jersey from the latter period to the 
present time. From the Coat Armour and Motto of one branch of the family it is probable they were 
engaged in the crusades. They bore Arms — Azure a cross patonce or, a mullet for difference. Crest — 
A Saracen's head aflront^e, couped below the shoulders ppr. Motto — " Sub cruce salus." Among the 
number who accompanied William the Conqueror from Normandy was " Ward, one of the noble 
Captains." The name of William de la Ward appears in 1 175 as residing in Chester. From 1349 a 
succession of eleven generations of one family is found there, in each of which the names and head of 
the family was: in the first Ralph, in the second Richard, in the third, fourth and ninth, John, and in 
the eleventh, Thomas, who had sons John and William. One William W^-^rd was the first Earl of 
Derby, of Dudley Castle. 

The Wards of Connecticut and New Jersey are descended from Robert Ward, of Houton, Parva, 
Northamptonshire, England. He married Isabel Stapley, of Dunchurch, County W\-irwick, England. 
They had a son, 

James Ward, of the same place, who married Anna or Alice Fawkes, of Dunchurch. Their son, 

Stephen Ward', married Joyce Traford, of Leicestershire. After his death, the widow removed 
with her children to New England in 1630, and settled in 1635 in Wethersfield, Conn., being among the 
original settlers of that town. She died in 1640. Her will is nearly the first in the Colony records and 
names Edward, Anthony, John and Robert as her children. 

John Ward, the fourth child of Stephen, was known as " John Ward, Sr.," "Sergeant Ward," 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 109 

" Lieutenant Ward," and " Mr. Ward." He was one of the original settlers or founders of the planta- 
tion of Totokot, named Branford in 1646. Lawrence and George Ward, brothers, who came from 
England with John and were no doubt closely related to him, were also associated in the founding of 
Branford, which then composed a part of the New ffaven colon_\-. Lawrence Ward, who took the oath 
of fidelity at New Haven at the organization of the government, was employed by the governing magis- 
trates to search for the regicides Whaley and Goffe, at Milford, where, of course, he knew they were not 
to be found. 

George Ward signed the Fundamental Agreement of the New Haven colony in 1639, and with his 
brother Lawrence was one of the founders of Branford. 

John Ward, Sr., Lawrence Ward, together with Josiah and John, Jr., sons of George Ward, all 
came with the pilgrims to Newark in 1666. Lawrence died in 1670 without issue. Josiah, brother of 
John Ward, Jr., married Elizabeth Swaine, who, it was said, was the first one on shore at the landing of 
the pilgrims on the Passaic. He died soon, leaving one son, Samuel. 

John Ward, Sr., and John Ward Jr., the "Turner," received their division of home lots near the 
Passaic River, and lived there for a few \-ears. In 1675 to 1679, both took up lands at or near the 
Second River, in Watsessing, now Bloomfieid, where they settled soon after. Both left many 
descendants. 

John Ward, Jr., son of George Ward, was born in England and came with his parents to this 
country and was one of the original settlers of the New Ha\en colon)-. He was one of the founders 
of Branford, which formed a part of the New Haven colon\-. He came with the Branford colonists to 
Newark in 1666-7, and in the first division of " Home Lotts " his six acres were located between High 
and Washington Streets, adjoining that of Delivered Crane. About 1675, he took up land on the 
Second River, in what is now Bloomfieid, but probably ditl not rcnio\e thence until the opening of the 

highway from Newark. He married Sarah , and had children: Sarah, John, born 1654; Samuel, 

born 1656; Abigail, married John Gardner; Josiah, born about 1660; Nathaniel, married Sarah 
Harrison; Mary, married Thomas Davis, and Caleb, "the honest and pious." 

Josiah Ward, son of John Ward, Jr., and Sarah , was born in Branford, Conn., about 1660. 

He moved with his parents to Newark and thence to Bloomfieid, or what was then known as Watsesson. 
He married Mary Kitchell, a descendant of Robert Kitchell, one of the original settlers of Ouinnepiac, 
or New Haven, and afterwards of Newark. They had chihiren, Samuel. Rubcrt. Josiah, Lawrence, 
born 1710. 

Lawrence Ward, son of Josiah and Mar}- (Kitchell) Ward, was born, probably in Bloomfieid, in 
1 7 10, died in 1793. He married Eleanor Baldwin. In his will, dated May 3. 1775 (now among the 
papers of the New Jersey Historical Society), he gives to his sons Jacob, Jona, Stephen and Samuel, 
" all my estate both lands and meadows and all my moveable estate both here and elsewhere." To his 
.son Cornelius he gives five pounds. The will is witnessed by David, Uzal and John Dod. 

Jacob Ward, son of Lawrence and Eleanor (Baldwin) Ward, was born in Bloomfieid about 1 750. 
He served with the Essex County Militia in the War of the Revolution. He was a man of consider- 
able prominence in the county as appears by the following entry in the Newark Town Records, under 
the head of resolutions "adopted at an annual Town Meeting held in the Township of Newark the 
nth day of April, 1808": 

"5th. That the next annual Election be opened at the house of Jacob Ward, in Bloomfieid 
and continued there during the first day and adjourned to the Court house in Newark as usual." The 
same resolution was repeated at an annual town meeting held the ninth day of April, 1810. 

Jacob Ward married , and had among other children a son, Jacob. 

Jacob Ward (2), son of Jacob (i) and Ward, was born in Bloomfieid, about 1780. He was 

an elder in the Presbyterian Church at Bloomfieid and was one of the early — if not an original member 
of that church. He moved to Columbia, now Afton, Morris County, in 1800, where he purchased a 
farm. He was an elder in the Presbyterian Church at Hanover (the nearest church to Columbia), and 



no The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

equally prominent in the community. He married Abigail Dotkl, daut^hter of Moses and Lois (Crane) 
Dod, of Isaac, son of Daniel (3), son of Daniel (2), son of Daniel (i), the ancestor. They had thirteen 
children, among whom were Moses Dodd, Jacob, and SaDiticl Davics. 

Moses Dodd Ward, son of Jacob and Abigail (Dodd) Ward was born at the old homestead in 
Bloomfield, in 1806. He went with his jiarents when six \-ears of age to Columbia, in Morris 
County, where, like liis ancestors, he followed the life of a farmer. He was a man of strong 
character, and with a different environment would have succeeded in almost any undertaking. 
He was an elder and one of the pillars in the Hanover Presbyterian Church and a man of strong 
religious convictions. He raised a family of strong, robust children, every one of whom have 
made their mark in the world and have developed remarkable business sagacity. Mr. Ward married 
Justina Louisa Sayre, daughter of Elias Sayre, son of Ebenezer, of Ebenezer, probably the grandson 
of Joseph Sayre, the New Jersey ancestor, who was the son of Thomas. 

Thomas Sayre, the ancestor, born about 159-, died in 1671, came from Bedfordshire, England, and 
settled in Lynn, Mass., in 1635. He was one of the eight original "undertakers" of the town South- 
ampton, in 1640. The Sayre homestead, built in 1648, which is still in a good state of preservation, is 
said to be the oldest house in the State of New York, and one of the oldest in the country. The 
massive timbers and covering of thick cedar shingles are sufficient to its remaining for years to come as 
a curious and interesting relic of a long past age. At a time of a threatened Indian outbreak, in 1666, 
it was one of the rallying places of the inhabitants in case of a niglit attack. The house is still in the 
hands of the Sayre family, ten generations having been born and died within its walls. The name of 
Sayre is said to be derived from ossayer, a crown officer in the royal mint whose duty it was to assay 
gold and silver. Joseph Sayre, son of Thomas Sayre, removed to Elizabeth, N. J., in 1667, and was 
among the earliest of the Associates. In December of that year he united with others in the petition 
to the government to have his land surveyed. Among his children and grandchildren are found the 
names of Edward, Ephraim, Ezekiel, Hannah, Frances, Isaac, James, Jonathan, Joseph, Thomas and 
Samuel. 

The issue of the marriage of Moses Dodd and Justina Louisa (Sayre) Ward was: Laura J.; 
Elias S., married Anna, daughter of Joel M. Bonnell, of Newark; Leslie Dodd, married Minnie P., 
daughter of James Perry; he is Vice-President of the Prudential Insurance Co., of Newark. Edgar 
Betltune (see sketch) ; Jacob Ewing, married Maria, daughter of Ambrose E. Kitcheil. 

Edgar Bethune Ward, fourth child and third son of Moses Dodd and Justina Louisa (Sayre) 
Ward, was born at Afton, formerly Columbia, in Chatham Township, Morris County, N. J., and is 
seventh in descent from John Ward, Jr , one of the original settlers of Newark and Bloomfield. Two 
of the brothers of Josiah, the immediate ancestor of Edgar B., were identified with the Mountain 
Society and their remains lie buried in the old Orange cemeter\-. The same conditions — healthfulness 
and beauty of surroundings — which led his ancestors two hundred years ago to settle in this locality, 
prevail to a still greater degree at the present time, and the latest representative of the famiK' showed 
his appreciation of these conditions and his interest in the ancestral associations by the purchase of one 
of the beautiful residences in the heart of Orange for which the city is famous. This was known as the 
Fuller place. It has a frontage on Centre Street of about 120 feet, extending along the line of Fuller 
Terrace about 700 feet. The trees along the front and sides afford ample shade, but do not obstruct 
the view from the house. With the exception of a few flowers which add coloring to the picture, tliere 
is only the beautiful green lawn in front. The general design of the house is Grecian, modified to suit 
American tastes and ideas. It is of brick, substantially built, and presents an imposing appearance. 
The broad veranda in front is rounded on the southern side, which gives a pleasing eflfect. It terminates 
on the north side in a pretty porte cochere of decidedly Grecian design. The whole is supjjorted by 
Corinthian pillars around wliich wind the trumpet creeper and English ivy. 

Mr. Ward's childhood was but little different from that of his New Jersey ancestors who were 
sturdy, independent, and self-reliant farmers. He had higher aspirations, liowever, and an abiding 




EDGAR B. WARD. 



Thk Founders and Builders of the Oranges. hi 

faitli in his own ability to acliicve success in another direction. To his life in early youth in the 
country is tlue the robust constitution which enabled him to pursue a severe course of study without 
impairing his health. After leaving the village school, he attended the Bloomfield Academy and later 
he entered Cornell University. He read law in Newark, in the oflRces of Runyon & Leonard (the late 
Theodore Runyon), and Stone & Jackson. He was admitted as an attorney in 1872 and counsellor in 
1875. In the interim he was managing clerk for McCarter & Keen. Thus equipped he began practice 
in Newark in 1875. Had he continued along the general line he would no doubt have achieved success, 
but an oiipoitunitj- was presented which enabled him to concentrate his strength and energies in 
another direction. He became counsel for the Prudential Insurance Company, which had but recently 
cntcrLHl into active coini>ctition with the oitl line com]),inics inulcr a new system of insurance that was 
at once po[)ular anil progressive. The law ilepartnicnt rcipiircd a man of good judgment and thorough 
legal training. Mr. Wanl's previous experience and knowlctlgc (|ualified him for the position. At first 
he di\iileil his time between this and his general practice, but the new system introduced by the 
Prudential Company met with such popular favor that it soon became one of the leading companies of 
the country. Mr. Ward was obliged to give up his general practice and devote his whole time to the 
Company. The .skillful management of the law department conduced in no small degree to the 
Company's success. Mr. Ward was one of the original directors and, later, was elected 2d Vice-President. 
He is also a director in the National State Bank, Firemen's Insurance Co., the Newark and South Orange 
Railroad Co., and is interested in other business enterprises. During his residence in Newark he 
represented his ward in the Board of Education and favored the cause of higher education for the masses. 
Since his removal to Orange, in I092. his interests have all centered in this direction. Both he and his 
wife are active participants in the social affairs of the city and are in hearty sympathy with every 
movement that tends to its further development. Asa representative of the Ward family he has added 
new lustre to a name which for two centuries has filled an important place in the annals of New Jersey. 
While by his own energy and industry he has accumulated a fortune, he has used it in a large degree 
for the happiness of others. Mr. Ward married Hattie N. Jubc, a daughter of John P. Jube, a well 
known citizen of Newark, a descendant of an old New York family. Their children are: Edgar 
Percy, Newell Jube, Kenneth Bethune. 

Samuel Davies Ward, son of Jacob (2) and Abigail (Dodd) Ward, was born in Morris County, 
and removed thence to Rahway early in life. He was a successful carriage manufacturer in Rahway 
where he carried on business for some years. He was a Captain of militia and at the breaking out of 
the Civil War volunteered his services, but was rejected for the reason that he was past the age required 
by military law. He married Rebecca Martin Miller, daughter of Isaac, .son of Abner, who was the son 
of James. The latter was a grandson of William Miller, who was admitted an Associate of Elizabeth, 
1699-1700. He drew No. 62 of the looacre lots at "the Edg or foot of y= mountain," adjoining 
Josejih Lyon, at Scotch Plains. It is reported that when he went to reside on this lot so far away from 
the town plot, "the parting was rendered very solemn by the expectation that they should seldom, if 
ever, see him again, the difficulty of passing and re-passing seemed so great. But, to their surprise, as 
they went to church on the next Sabbath morning they found him standing on the steps." By his wife, 
Hannah, he had five sons, Samuel, Richard, Jonathan, William and Andrew, and two daughters, Sarah 
and Hannah. 

The children ..f Samuel Davies and Rebecca Martin (Miller) Ward were : Clarence D., Frederick IV. 
and Ella M., married J()sc])h IL Bryan, of New York. 

Fkedeiuck Wii.l.lAM Ward, second son of Samuel Davies and Rebecca (Miller) Ward, was born 
at Rahway, N. J., January 30, 1858. His early education was received at the public schools of his 
native town and his knowledge of the higher branches at Rahway Seminary. He pursued his law 
studies with Frederic W. Stevens, of Newark, and after a creditable examination was admitted to 
practice as attorney in February, 1879, ^"<^ ^^ counsellor three years later. He was admitted to partner- 
ship with his preceptor, Mr. Stevens, the following year and continued with him until 1892, since which 



I 12 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



time he has practiced by himself. Mr. Ward has made the most of his opportunities. His indefati- 
gable industry, trustworthiness and closs attention to his professional duties have led to a constantly 
increasing as well as a lucrative practice. Because of his thorough reliability and conscientious regard 
of his Clients' interests, large trust and other 
estates have been committed to him, all of 
which have been managed with that rare fidel- 
ity and honesty as to win the increased con- 
fidence and respect of those who entrusted 
him with their affairs. As trustee of the estate 
of William N. Force, he has had the handling 
of over $700,000, for the management of which 
he has received the unqualified approval of 
the court as well as of the interested parties. 
He has the management of other estates 
amounting to nearly half a million dollars. Mis 
line of practice is confined almost exclusiveh- 
to chancery and office business. Methodical, 
painstaking, with an evenly-balanced mind, 
the accumulation of work and the varied inter- 
ests which absorb his attention dues not cause 
the slightest inconvenience or annoyance, but 
he pursues his labors with that steadfast purpose 
which always insures successful results. Mr. 
Ward built the house on Munn Avenue where 
he now resides, and became a permanent resi- 
dent of East Orange in 1888. The house is 
located on a part of the original Munn farm. 
Mr. Ward married Jessie O. Peck, daughter of 
James Peck (see history of Peck family), of 
East Orange. They have issue, three children, 
Sterling D., Ethel and Jessie. 




FREDERICK WILLIAM WARD. 



Other Members of the Ward Family. 

One and possibly two branches of the Ward family have been identified with Orange and South 
Orange since about 1700, or possibly earlier. On June 23, 1737, John Ward (probably John Ward, Jr., 
the ancestor), conveyed by deed to Abner and Nathaniel Ward, in consideration of seventy pounds, 
'■ forty eight and three quarters acres at the mountain plantation, so-called, at a place commonly called 
and known by the name of Chestnut Hill, beginning at a tree by swamp * * * having Joseph 
Pierson south, highway west, David Smith north, Elisha Stansborough east." (This land was located 
on South Orange Avenue, near where the Presbyterian Church now stands. Ward's Lane, which runs 
from Iivington Avenue to South Orange Avenue, probably ran through the Ward farm). Abner and 
Nathaniel Ward were sons of Nathaniel, son of John Ward, Jr., "known as John Ward, the Turner." 

Elihu Ward, born 1715, and Abel, his brother, who ownetl lands adjoining Abner and Nathaniel, 
were not sons of the latter, but were probably the great grandsons of John Ward, Jr. Samuel Ward, 
son of Josiah, son of John Ward, Jr., born 1679, died 1733, is buried in the old Orange cemetery. He 
left descendants, who were also buried in Orange. It is probably from this line that Zebinah, the grand- 
father of Philip Ward, was descended. 

Philip Ward, son of Timothy and Althca (^Williams) Ward, was born in Orange, July 29, 1814. 
He learned the hatting trade, and was for many years the junior partner in the firm of Simmons & Ward, 



THK FoUNDKkS AMI Hi Il.DKRS C)l- lllK UKANGES. II3 

whose factory was in Dodiltown. lie moved to Monroeville in 1859, but returned to his home in 
Orange ten years later. He was originally a member of St. Mark's Parish, and was a cousin of its rector, 
Dr. Williams. He was for some years identified with Grace Church, and served in its vestry. On his 
return to Orange from the West, in 1869, he became one of the founders of Christ Church and continued 
as a member of its vestry during the remainder of his life. He served the church faithfully in these 
several parishes, and always commanded the affectionate respect of his rectors and fellow vestrymen. 

Mr. Ward was probably best known among the musical people of the Oranges. In early life he 
developed an exceptional taknt for vocal music. He possessed a sweet tenor voice, and devoted his 
musical talents religiously to the service of God, but at the same time engaged freely in all musical 
entertainments and musical societies in the Oranges. As a musician he was one of the most gifted men 
e\cr known in this locality. He was entirely self-taught, and yet was able to lead and instruct others. 
He excelled in instrumental music, especially with the \iolin. He was one of the founders of the 
Handel and Hayden Society, and when, during the temporary absence of its leader, Mr. Ward was 
urged to take the position, he discovered for the first time, as did also his friends, that he possessed all 
the elements of leadership, exceeding even those of the trained professor. When the Beethoven Society 
was organized, with the best musical talent in Orange, Mr. Ward was unanimously selected as its leader. 
He was a noble Christian man and all his talents were devoted to the service of God. Philip Ward was 
one of those singers described by Longfellow: 

" God sent His singers upon earth 
With songs of sadness and of mirth, 
That they might touch the hearts of men 
And bring them back to Heaven again." 

He loved the praises of God and was never so happy as when the responsibility was entirely or in 
part laid upon him of leading in that most important part of Christian worship. His duties were never 
rendered in a perfunctor}- manner ; he was ever among the first to join in all parts of such worship. P"or 
nearly three score years his voice was heard in God's praise. He \oiced the sorrow and joy, the grief 
and consolation, in sweet songs and solemn h\mns, and will e\er be remembered by those who knew 
him as the "sweet singer of Israel." After a lingering illness, in which he bore patiently his sufferings, 
he fell asleep May 4, 18S6. Mr. Ward married Mary Ann Campbell, and had seven children. 

His surviving son Linus, who resides in East Orange, has been for many years connected with 
with the Bank of America, New York City, and is at present Receiving Teller. 

THE WILLIAMS FAMILY. 

The first to adopt the name of Williams as a surname, was Roger Williams, of Llangibby Castle 
and the Priory at Uske, County Monmouth, England. He was said to be a direct descendant of 
Brychan Brecheinisg, prince and lord of Brecknock, who lived about the year 490. 

It is a family tradition that Matthew Williams, the progenitor of the Newark and Orange branch 
of the Williams family, was in love with the daughter of a wealthy English gentleman named Condict, 
who opposed the match. The couple were married, however, without the knowledge of their parents, 
and came to America. They settled first in Massachusetts and removed thence to Wethersfield, Conn., 
in 1638, where he died. His wife immediately prepared to return to her home in England, but died 
before the vessel sailed. Their children were: Amos, born 1645; Matthew, born 164;, died young; 
Ruth, born 1649, married Caleb Picrson ; Matthew, again, born 1651: Sciiiiiul, born 1653. It is 
supposed that these three sons came to Newark about the same time. 

SECOXD OENERA.X10N. 

Matthew Williams (2), son of Matthew (i), was born in 1657. He came to Newark and was 
admitted a planter by a vote of the town, November 29, 1680, at the age of twenty-nine, together with 
four others "provided they pay the purchase of what land they have as other Planters have done." In 



114 The Founders and Builders of the OrangeS. 

January, i68S, George Day exchanged lands with Matthew Wilhams, the latter parting with a dwelling- 
house, shop, and other edifices, and orchards and lands near Newark, and receiving two tracts at the 
mountain bounded east by Wigwam Brook, and the other on Farrow's Brook. Matthew removed to 
the Mountain in 1695, where he died Nov. 12, 1732. His residence was located on the south side of 

Eagle Rock Road, near where the mountain stream unites with Wigwam Brook. By his wife, Ruth , 

he had Jemima, born 1686. married Samuel Harrison, son of Samuel ; Jane, married Abraham Soveril ; 
Amos, horn 1690; Eunice, born 1692; Matthew, born 1694; Gershom, born 1698; T/io»i^s, horn 1700; 
Joanna, born 1702, married John Condit ; Rebecca, born 1703, married Joseph Hedden. 

THIRD QENERATION. 

Amos Williams, eldest son of Matthew (2) and Ruth ( ) Williams, was born in Newark, in 1690, 

and moved with his father to the mountain. He was a cooper by tratle, also a justice of the peace. 
He married Mary Nutman, a native of Edinburgh, Scotland. He received by deed from his father-in- 
law, " for love and affection," one hundred acres. He was surveyor of highways in i/^/S, assessor 
1741-2. He died in 1754. His children were: Enos, born 1724; Sarah, born 1728; Nathaniel, born 
'733; James, born 1737; Btiijavii it, horn 1739. 

Matthew Williams (3), fourth child of Matthew 121 and Ruth ( j Williams, was born at the 

homestead of his father, in 1694. He gave a deed for "Land where the Parsonage house stands on," in 
1748, for " due consideration." He married Abigail Nutman, and had Isaac, born 1722 ; Sarah, born 1724, 
married Joseph Munn ; James, born 1727; Jemima, born 1729; Lydia, born 1731; T/iovias, horn 1740. 

Gershom Williams, fifth child of Matthew and Ruth ( ) Williams, was born at the mountain 

homestead, in 1698. He married Hannah Lampson and had issue, Ruth, born 1723, married Daniel 
Condit; Joanna, married David Tichenor ; Matthew, married Mary Dodd, Gershom, born 1730: Eleazor, 
born 1734; Joseph, Zadock. 

Thomas Williams, sixth child and younge.st son of Matthew (2) and Ruth ( ) Williams, was 

born at the homestead of his father by the mountain, in 1 700. His property adjoined that of his 
brother Amos, as shown by the description of the Eagle Rock Road, laid out in 1733, described as 
•' running between the fences of Amos Williams and Thomas Williams." Thomas married Martha, 

tlaughter of Samuel Dodd, and had issue, Jonathan, born 1740; Timothy; Silas, married Heirsted, 

and had Elijah, who married Tabitha Williams, daughter of Capt. Thomas Williams; Mary, married 
David Peck, son of Joseph (3) and Hannah. 

FOURTH QENERATION. 

Benjamin Whttams, youngest child of Amos and Mary (Nutman) Williams, was born at the 
homestead of his father, in 1739. ^" accordance with the will of his father, his brother Nathaniel 
instructed him in the cooper's trade, which he began when he was fourteen years of age. After he 
became of age he took, by his father's will, the upper part of the farm, then a wilderness, and com- 
menced clearing and building a home. He, together with his brothers, built a dam and erected a saw 
inill on Wigwam Brook. 

At the breaking out of the War of the Revolution, Benjamin, together with his brothers, espoused 
the cause of the loyalists. He was honest in his convictions and had the sympathy of his neighbors 
who differed with him. He was a man of standing and influence in his neighborhood and a recognized 
leadei, and acquired the soubriquet of "Governor l^en. " which he retained to the end of his life. He 
took out a written protection from a Ikitish officer in December, 1776, and in February following he 
took the oath of allegiance to the king and became a member of the Ro\'al Militia. At the close of 
the war he was induced by his father-in-law and his cousin, Capt. Thomas Williams, whose regard and 
friendship for his cousin had not been lessened by the diversity of political sentiment, to lake the oath 
of allegiance to the new government and save his propcrtj-. He did so but never surrendered his 
convictions. After the close of the war he acquired considerable real estate, started a tan yard, built a 



The Founders and Buildeks hf the Oranges. 115 

bark mill, distillery, currying shop and cider mill. During his stay in New York he read a work on 
Episcopacy which drew his attention to the ecclesiastical polity and religious faith of the Church of 
England, which he adopted, and afterward held meetings at his house which were the beginning of tiie 
movement leading to the organization of St. Mark's Episcopal Church of West Orange. 

Governor Hcnjamin Williams was twice married, first to Elizabeth Condit ; second, to Phebe Crane, 
daugiiter of Caleb Crane, of Cranetown, a direct descendant of Jasper Crane, one of the original settlers 
of Newark, through Deacon Azariah, son of Jasper, who married the daughter of Gov. Treat, of 
Connecticut. By this marriage he had issue. Elizabeth, Caleb, Enos, Josiah, Phebe, Bcnjaniin. Sniniit/. 
Philip, Amos, Aletha, James, Mary E. 

KIKTH GRNERATION. 

Samuel Williams, seventli child of "Gov. Benjamin" and Phebe (Crane) Williams, was born at 
the homestead erected by hi^ father on the Eagle Rock Road (still standing), in 1778. He and liis 
brother Amos became the owners of the tan yard by inheritence. During the War of 1812. when the 
fear of British pri\ateers dro\e American trading vessels from the seas, they did a very profitable 
business by .sending black oak hark to Liverpool in hogsheads in Russian bottoms. This continued for 
many j-ears and Samuel acquired considerable wealth. He was one of the organizers of St. Mark's 
Episcopal parish and one of the largest contributors to the building fund, and was for many years 
Senior Warden. There is a marble tablet in the church erected to his memory containing a brief record 
of his life and services. In his will he left the bulk of his property to religious and benevolent 
institutions. He provided for a scholarship at the Episcopal Theological Seminary, the student to be 
named by the rector of St. Mark's Church. lie married Mary, daughter of Joseph Crane and left one 
child, Charles, still living. 

Amos Williams, ninth child of "Governor" Benjamin and Phebe (Crane) Williams, was born in 
1782, at the Williams homestead in West Orange. He was for many years engaged in the tanning busi- 
ness with his brother Samuel, on the property where the old homestead is still located, on Valley Road 
near Eagle Rock Avenue, which was occupied later by his son Edward. The business carried on by the 
firm of S. & A. Williams was the largest of the kind in the State, and for many years afterward the place 
was known as the "old tan yard." Amos Williams married Phebe Munn (born 1787, died June 6 1823), 
daughter of Samuel Munn. They had issue, James Alfred, born 1S09, Stephen, Maria, Margaret and 
Edward, born 1821. Amos married, second, Joanna Campbell. By his second wife he had one child, 
William Whittingham. 

si:x:th generation. 

Rev. Ja.mes Alfred Williams, D. D., eldest child of Amos (2) and Phebe (Munn) Williams, was 
born in Orange, September 6, 1809, in what is now the Park House, which was then owned by his 
grandfather, Samuel Munn. He received a good common school education in the neighborhood. He 
supplemented this by hard study on his own account and before he arrived at manhood he had a 
remarkably well stored mind. He assisted his father in the tanneiy until he reached his majority. At 
this time he became convinced that it was his duty to enter the ministry, and his father sent him to the 
school of Dr. Barry, in Jersey City, where he was prepared for college. He made such progress in his 
studies that at the end of eighteen months he was able to enter Columbia College in the junior year, 
and completed his course two years later. He graduated with high honors, and immediately entered 
the General Theological Seminary of New York, and was ordained Deacon in St. Mark's Church, Orange, 
July 10, 1S36, and soon after that Rev. Benjamin Holmes, the rector, died, and Mr. Williams was called 
to the rectorship. He declined at that time, but took the parish on trial. On August 13th, the follow- 
ing year, he was ordained a priest in the Episcopal Church, at Burlington, N. J., and he then accepted 
the rectorship and entered upon its duties, in that capacity, on September 9, 1837. 

For nearly half a century he ministered to his people in his quiet and earnest manner, visiting the 
sick and feeble, performing the rites of baptism, of marriage, and of death. About 1843 'le was elected 



ii6 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 








a member of the Standing Committee of the Diocese, and at tlic time of his death he and the hite J. G. 
Garthwaite were the last two survivors of the committee to which he originally belonged. When the 
Diocese of Northern New Jersey was organized, Dr. Williams was made President of the Standing Com- 
mittee, and held that position at the time of his death. He was President of the Standing Committee 
of this Diocese and the old Diocese for over thirty years. He was also a Trustee of the General Theo- 
logical Seminary, and in former years was a delegate to the General Convention. He was also for many 
years Treasurer of the Ogden Fund for the Relief of Widows and Orphans of Clergymen, which office 
he held at the time of his death. Dr. Williams was a hard student, and one of the best read priests in 
the Diocese, being an excellent Greek and Hebrew scholar. He was devoted to his parish, and in all his 
long ministry only once or twice took a vacation, though repeatedly urged to do so bj' his people. 

Dr. Williams was a warm friend of Bishop Doane. and held up his hands in trouble and financial 
embarrassments, and took an active interest in St. Mar\''s Hall and Burlington College. Dr. Williams 

presided over the convention that elected 
Bishop Odenheimer, and also over the 
convention that elected Bishop Starkey. 
He received his degree of D. D. from 
Columbia College mary years before his 
death. He was a retiring, modest man, 
and when urged, at the convention at 
which Bishop Odenheimer was elected, to 
allow liis name to be used as a candidate 
for Bishop, positively declined. He was 
of a singularly gentle and kindly nature, 
and was never known to turn his face 
from a poor man. No beggar ever left 
his door unaided. He was faithful and 
zealous in his work and built up a strong 
and flourishing parish from a weak and 
feeble beginning. From this parish have 
grown, diiectly or indirectly, St. Mark's 
Chapel, Orange Valley: Holy Innocents, 
West Orange: Holy Communion, South 
Orange: Grace Church, Orange: Christ 
Church, East Orange; Christ Church, 
Bloomfield, and St. Luke's Churcli. Mont- 
clair. 

Dr. Williams married early in life 
Elizabeth, daughter of Ichabod Condit. 
(son of Samuel, son of Daniel, son of 
Dr. Williams occupied what was then known as 
the "Blue House," at the entrance of the present Hutton Park, on the Northfield road. This house 
was then owned by St. Mark's parish. 

The children of Rev. James A. and Elizabeth (Condit) Williams were: Maria Elizabeth, James 
Alfred, deceased ; Selena Frances, Anna Margaret, deceased, and Stephen Whittingham. The latter, 
with his two sisters, Maria Elizabeth and Selena Frances, occupy a beautiful residence on Linden Place, 
built since their father's death. These sole survivors of a noble and worthy father, are known and 
greatly beloved throughout the parish for their many acts of kindness, their liberal contributions to the 
church, and for their constant and extended help to the poor and suffering. They arc worthy descend- 
ants of an honored ancestry. 




RKV. JAMKS A. VVII I.IAMS. p. n. 

Samuel, the Newark ancestor). When first married. 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. n- 

FOURTH GENEKATIOX. 
Line of Capt. Thom«s. of Jvlcitthe\v(3\ Matthew (2), M^itthew (1). 
Captain Thomas Williams, youngest child of Matthew y) and Abigail (Nutman) Williams, was 
born in 1740 at the homestead erected by his father on the corner of Washington and Day Streets. He 
was an ardent patriot, and was among the first to espouse the cause of Independence. He was commis- 
sioned Captain of Second Regiment of Esse.x County, commanded by Colonel I'hilip Van Cortland, 
attached to ' Upper Brigade." It is said that Washington made occasional visits to his house while in 
this neighborhood, and consulted with him in regard to the affairs of the surrounding country. While 
true to the cause he had espoused, he was charitable towards his tory neighbors and relatives, who hon- 
estly differed with him, and after the close of the war he did everything in liis power to assist them in 
recovering their property. He inherited the property on the corner of Washington and Park Streets, 
on which the first grist mill was built in 1780, and owned a one-fourth interest in the mill, which finally 
passed into the possession of William Brown Williams, and afterwards became the property of Jesse 
Williams, the grandson of Captain Thomas. He was one of the owners and managers of the sloop 
Orange, built in 1784, to run between Orange and New York. He was popular with his neighbors and 
a man of great influence in the community. He married Dorcas Harrison, daughter of Nathaniel Har- 
rison, and had issue: Phebe, 1762, married Samuel l.indsley; Hannah, 1763, married Daniel Lindsley ; 
Jesse, married Rebecca John-on: Kcturah, 1767, married Thomas Buckbee: Abigail, 1769, married 
Joseph Munn; Moses, 1771 ; Matthew, 1774; William, 1777; Tabitha, married Elijah Williams. 

KIKTH GENERATION. 

MaI'TUEW Wii.ll\MS, seventh child of Captain Thomas and Dorcas (Harrison) Williams, was born 
at the homestead, corner of Washington and Day Streets, Orange, in 1774. He was an honest, hard- 
working farmer, and much respected by his neighbors. He married Phebe, daughter oi Governor Benja- 
min and Phebe (Crane) Williams. She died in 1805. He had by the first marriage, Phebe, Philip and 
Sarah. He married, secondly, Elizabeth Leonard, and had John, born 180S, married Catharine Mc- 
Cormick; Jesse, iSio: Abb}', married Thomas Sergeant Tichcnor : A>//si, 1815, died 1837. 

SIXTH GENERATION. 

Jesse Willlams, second child of Matthew and Elizabeth (Leonard) Williams, was born in the old 
homestead, corner of the present Washington and North Centre Streets, April 29, 18 10. He received a 
good common school education, and was afterwards apprenticed to the hatters' trade. He inherited 
from his grandfather, Captain Thomas Williams, the homestead farm, and purchased various other tracts 
of land. He bought the old grist mill which stood on the place near his homestead, which he continued 
for some years. He was always fond of books and had a thirst for knowledge, so that in early life he 
became a great reader. As he grew in years his thirst for books grew with him, and his wonderfully 
retentive memory enabled him to profit by all he read, and this, combined with a quickness of retort, 
and a keen sense of the ridiculous, and a vein of sarcasm, made him a dangerous opponent in debate. 
In politics, he was a pronounced Republican, having been formerly a member of the old Whig party. 
He held various offices during his life. He was for fifteen years a Justice of the Peace: he was for one 
term Judge of the Court of Common Pleas, and was for two terms Director of the Board of Freeholders 
for the county ; he was a Major of militia ; for several years a member of the Esse.x County Road Hoard. 
He was one of the incorporators and a Trustee of the Orange Savings Bank. He married Mary Wil- 
liams, of West Orange, and had issue: Julia, Jesse, Matthew, and two sons who died in infancy. 

Line of GersLionn, of Matthew (2), of Xlatthew (1). 
Joi! Williams, fourth child of Zeniah and Charlotte (Pierce) Williams, of Zophar, Joseph. Ger.shom, 
Matthew (2), Matthew ( 1), was born in Caldwell, March 21, 1S22. He came to Orange as a young man, 
and learned the liatters" trade with Allen Dodd, and was afterwards engaged in business on his own 



ii8 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



account, and later moved to Binghamton, N. Y., where he carried on the retail business. He subse- 
quently returned to Orange and was made Town Collector, and it was while filling the duties of this 
position that he contracted a disease which caused his death July 4, 1871. He was a leader of the choir 
in the First Presbyterian Church, and later that of the Second Presbyterian or Ikick Church. He mar- 
ried Catherine Tichenor Stiles and had issue: Leander, Chauncey G., Richard G., Mary Josephine, and 
Charles Eckford. 

Leander Williams, eldest child of Job and 
Catharine Tichenor (Stiles) Williams, was born at the 
homestead of his father, on Main Street, November 
24, 1828. He attended the common schools of 
Orange, and afterwards learned tlie hatters' trade with 
his father, and became the most rapid and expert 
workman in his father's employ. By industry and 
economy he saved $500, with which he hoped to 
obtain a collegiate education, and began his prepara- 
tory course with Rev. David H. Pearson, of Eliza- 
beth, N. J. After a year's tuition he was obliged to 
forego his cherished hopes and plans and return to 
business, owing to the failure of liis father, the balance 
of his own savings having been swept away, with 
other losses. He subsequently started in the hat 
manufacturing business on his own account, which he 
carried on successfully until 1866, when, finding it no 
longer profitable, he sold out. He then entered 
the employ of the D. L. & W. R. R. Co., continuing 
for some years. Later he started in the real estate 
business, and in 1878 accepted the agency of the Penn- 
sylvania Railroad Company. 

He was a prominent factor in local politics 
for many years ; was Town Clerk for three years. 
Police Justice and Coroner of Esse.x County two years, 
and under the new regime, when Orange became 
a full fledged city, he was elected to the Common Council for three years; was Justice of tlie Peace and 
Street Commissioner. He was the first to demonstrate the practicability of the macadam roads Iti this 
locality, having succeeded in obtaining an appropriation of $1,800 to test the matter. This he accom- 
plished after a most bitter fight by his opponents. The hundreds of miles of the best macadam roads in 
the country, as the result of this "experiment," evinces the wisdom and foresight of its projector. Mr. 
Williams's attention was first directed to the subject through the report of the United States Surveying 
Corps for the District of New Jersey, in 1867. This report stated that the Orange Mountain contained 
an inexhaustible supply of trap rock suitable for macadamized roads. Mr. Williams at that time was 
Street Commissioner, a member of the Common Council, and chairman of the Committee on Streets and 
Highways. After obtaining the appropriation of $1,800, which was drawn from the contingent fund of 
the city, he made a contract with Daniel Brennan, Jr., to macadamize Cone street from Main Street to 
the Morris and Esse.x Railroad tracks. He was even then threatened with an injunction, but he finally 
succeeded in overcoming all obstacles and completing the strip of road. This was the first piece of mac- 
adamized road laid in the State of New Jersey. Its practicabilit)' was fully demonstrated, and large 
appropriations were soon after made for macadamizing a number of streets in different parts of the 
Oranges, and it was not long before this system of road-making was adopted in all the large towns and 
cities throughout the State. 




11: \M)f,K w II. MAMS. 



Till-: Founders and Bni.nERs of the Oranges. 



"9 



Soon after his completion of Cone Street, Mr. Williams was employed by the Telford Pavement 
Company to superintend the laying of Avenue D and S, in Bayonne, in Hudson County, N. J. He also 
superintended the laying of Bloomficld Avenue from the Newark line to the top of Mount Prospect. 
He disbursed upwards of $92,000 in carrying on this work, every dollar of which was expended in the 
most judicious manner, as was shown in the auditing of his accounts. The introduction of this system 
of road-making has doubtless increased the value of real estate in this locality millions of dollars, and for 
his great foresight, energy and obstinacy in first introducing the system, Mr. Williams deserves to rank 
among the chief Builders of the Oranges. 

Mr. Williams was prominent in the Masonic Fraternity. He was originally a mcmberof Union Lodge, 
F. & A. M.. of Orange ; was a charter member and Past Master of Corinthian Lodge, F. & A. M. He 
was also a member of Orange Chapter, No. 23, R. A. M. Mr. Williams died May 29, 1S95: he was twice 
married; first to Emily Smith, daughter of Daniel Smith. The issue of this marriage was: Abbie 
Condit, deceased ; Frank, Robert, Walter and Edgar. (The latter is now editor and proprietor of the 
Orange Journal!) He married, second, Mary E., daughter of Franklin Hopkins, of Baltimore. Mr. 
Williams's first wife was a granddaughter of Dr. John Condit, of Revolutionary fame. (See history of 
Condit family.) 




CHAPTER X. 




MILITARY HISTORY OF ORANGE, FROM 1806 TO icS66. 

iURING the long and terrible crucial experience of the Revolution, the members of 
the " Mountain Society," which then included almost the entire population of what 
is now the Oranges, maintained themselves throughout with fortitude, courage and 
patriotism, leaving to posterity the proud bequeathment of a manhood sans peiir and 
a reputation sans reproclie. 

The ratification of the preliminary treaty of peace was made known, a cessation 
of hostilities was proclaimed on the 19th of April, 1783, just eight years to a day 
from the time the first gun was fired at Lexington. Twenty-five years after this, 
almost to a day, President Madison sent a confidential message to Congress, proposing 
as a measure preliminary to a declaration of war, the passage of a law laying an 
embargo upon all commerce with the United States for the space of sixty days. On the 19th of June 
following, just twenty-five years and two months after the close of the Revolution, President Madison 
issued a proclamation declaring war with England. The conflict that ensued is known as the War of 
18 1 2, and may properly be regarded as our Second War for Independence. The chief causes for 
declaring war were the empressment of American seaman by the I^ritish, the blockade of French ports 
without adequate force to sustain the act, the orders in counsels and the incitement of the savages 
to hostilities. 

The spirit of '76 was re-kindled in the hearts of the Orange veterans and their loyal sons brought 
out the " fire-locks" and again prepared to fight against their old enemy. The military organizations 
which grew out of the Revolution had been kept up and new material added from time to time. 
Squire Stephen D. Day commanded a company in Orange at this time. He, with his company, offered 
their services and were stationed for a time at Sandy Hook. A recruiting office was opened on Main 
Street and a number of citizens of Orange enlisted. A rifle company was organized about this time, 
commanded by Abraham Harrison ; it numbered between forty and fifty. Each man furnished his own 
uniform and gun. Joseph A. Condit, known as " Landlord Condit," commanded an artillery company 
in 1818. There was also a cavalry or " horse" company consisting of about fifty men, commanded by 
Capt. Joseph Smith. The enlisted men wore blue uniforms trimmed with yellow braid. "Training 
Day," held usuall\- in April, was a notable event at that time. These companies continued in service 
until 1824. The men in those da\s were compelled to serve ten years. 

The Mexican War, in 1845, ^^'^^ '^ notable event in the history of the Oranges. There was no lack 
of patriotism among the people antl quite a number enlisted from Orange, among them a son of Rev. 
Mr. Gallagher, pastor of the Brick Church, who served as a commissioned officer with the American 
troops. The militia was revived in 1850 and interest in miiitar\- affairs continued umbated for the next 
twenty-five years. The Fifth Regiment was organized in 1850, under the command of Col. Chester 
Robinson, with Nelson Lindsley, of Orange, as Adjutant. The Union Blues were mustered into the 
militia at this time as an artillery company. It was commanded b\- George B. Osmun, with John Lang 
as First Lieutenant, and John B. McCord, Second Lieutenant. Tlie following year the company was 
re-organized as an infantry company. It became a separate company and was then known as the 
Orange Blues. Under the reorganization, Lucius Robinson became Captain, Leander Williams, First 
Lieutenant, and Marshall N. Smith, Second Lieutenant. The company disbanded soon after the 



TnK ForxnEKs ANn Ruii.dkrs of the Okanges. 121 

brcakintj out o( tlie Civil War, a number of the members having enlisted in otlier companies. The 
Liberty Rifles was also organized about 1850. Each man carried a gun with a sword bayonet attached 
and also carried a tomahawk ; the company wore a green uniform. The O'Brien Columbian Rifles, the 
American Continentals and the Price Artillery were all organized about this time; the latter was named 
in honor of Rodman M. Price, at that time Governor of New Jersey. These companies were organized 
at individual e.xpense, the State only furnishing the arms. 

Fourth of July Celebration. 1861. Eighty-fifth Anniversary. At 7 o'clock, the military 
companies began to fall in. These consisted of the Orange Blues, Captain L. A. S. Robinson, the 
Union Guards, Captain B. F. Cairnes, the Union Rifles, Captain VV. Reeves, and a company from 
the mountain numbering from 40 to 50 men under tiic command of Lieutenant Orlando Williams. The 
Juxenile Home Guartl of some 30 boys in Zouave uniform, completed the military forces, numbering in 
all about 160 men and commanded by Col. Munn. The troops moved down to the Brick Church where, 
at 8 o'clock, an interesting ceremony of raising the national ensign on a pole fift\- feet high, erected in 
front of the Ashland School House, took place. The e.xercises opened with prayer by Rev. J. Crowell, 
after which a handsome flag, eight feet by twelve, was run up by thirty-four young ladies robed in white, 
each wearing a wreath of flowers around her heatl and wearing a blue sash on which was borne in 
conspicuous gilt letters, the names of the thirty-four States of the American Union. An address was 
made by Rev. Theron Baldwin. After the ceremony the militia marched up to the Green in front of 
the Park House, where they were reviewed by Brigadier-General Jos. A. Condit. Remarks were made 
by Mayor Pierson. Oration was delivered by J. W. Whiting, Esq. 

Joseph A. Condit was made Brigadier General in 1S57. and the members of his staff were: A. F. 
Munn, Colonel ; Isaac P. Baldwin, Lieutenant-Colonel ; S. D. Condit, Major ; John L. Blake, Judge Advo- 
cate ; Jeptha B. Lindsley, Paymaster; William B. Condit, Quartermaster. Soon after the breaking out 
of the war, the regiment was gradually dissolved, a number of the members having enlisted in other 
regiments. 

The Civil War, 1861-65. It is a noteworthy fact that seven of the most important events in 
the history of our country occurred in the month of April. The Battle of Lexington was fought on 
April 19, in 1775 ; peace was declared on the 19th of April, 1783. The second War for Independence, 
known as the War of 1S12-15, was declared in April, and the first battle of the Me.xican War was 
fought on the i8th of April, 1847. The beginning of the great Civil War, the bombardment of Fort 
Sumpter, took place on the 12th of April, 1S61 ; President Lincoln's proclamation calling for seventy- 
five thousand troops was dated the 15th of April ; the surrender of Lee and the close of the rebellion 
was on the 9th of April, 1865. 

The people of the Oranges were quick to respond to President Lincoln's call for volunteers. 
Among the first to enlist for the war were John Williams, Benjamin Skinner and David A. Pierson, all 
of East Orange : they enlisted in the First Regiment, of Newark. There were probably otliers whose 
names appear in the State military records, but of whom no separate list in connection with the Oranges 
has been preserved. 

In September, 1862, the Thirteenth and Twenty-si.xth Volunteers were raised in Essex, the camp 
being located just off Park Avenue, near the canal, and was named Camp Frelinghuysen. Edward D. 
Pierson was a Lieutenant in Company E, Thirteenth Regiment, but was promoted Captain of Company 
D, 1864, and Ambrose M. Matthews was Captain of Company I. Addison Freeman, brother of 
Wilberforce Freeman, was Assistant Surgeon, but died from overwork and exposure. There was also a 
whole company in the regiment from Orange. Company H, of the Twenty-si.xth Regiment, was raised 
by S. Uzal Dodd, who had been promoted to the position of Adjutant of the Orange Brigade. This 
regiment went out shortly after the Thirteenth, and served for only nine months. The members of 
Company H were wholly from Orange. George Harrison also raised a company for this regiment, partly 
from Orange and South Orange. This was Company G. Both Dodd and Harrison were commissioned 
Captains of the companies they raised. Just as the time was expiring, Captain Dodd was mortally 



[22 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

wounded while crossing the Rappahannock, at the battle of Fredericksburg. A number of Orange boys 
also joined the Second District Columbia Volunteers. Orange assumed a military aspect during war 
times. In 1861, Benjamin F. Cairns, of Brick Church, orgatiized a company of militia, with about 
seventy-five members. The officers were: Captain, Benjamin F. Cairns; First Lieutenant, Jeremiah 
P. Ball; Second Lieutenant, Charles Crane. Among the members were First Sergeant Thomas Green- 
leaf, Jotham H. Condit, Nathan W. Pierson. John Coyne, John Purdue, Richard Purdue, William 
McChesney, Samuel D. Pierson, Ferdinand Coyne, Joseph S. VVharry, Ira C. Dodd, Samuel M. Free- 
man, William H. Freeman, Fred. W. Anderson, Joseph Parsons, Conger Stoll, Luther Stoll, Albert 
Munn, Jabez Condit, J. P. Ennis. This company was known as the Union Guards, and they drilled in 
the basement of old Brick Presbyterian church, and afterwards in Timothy Mulford's carriage shop. 
The officers offered the services of the company' to the goverment, but they would not accept it as a 
body. After that time the members began to enlist for the war and the company disbanded. 

Company B, Second Regiment, First Brigade, Second Division, New Jersey Rifle Corps, in the service 
of the State, was organized in Orange, July 20, 1863. Colonel Plume was then in command of the regi- 
ment. Company B consisted of representative men of Orange. Warren McChesney was Captain, George 
P. Kingsley, I""irst Lieutenant, and Joseph W. McChesney Second Lieutenant. Among the members were 
Charles W. Banta, James M. .Smith, Jared B. Porter, Henry Blaurock, Melzar Smith, James Young, 
Levi Van Buskirk, Samuel Blaurock, William Cleveland, Jabez P. Condit, Henry Dodwell, William 
Henderson, Philip Kingsle\-. Geo. Perry, Samuel C. Pierson. Edward B. Reeves. Charles W. .Smith, 
George Smith, William Smith. Wallace Soverel, W. Irven Soverel, F. X. Schieman, Horace Stetson, 
Sebastian Trabold, Walter Varndcll, Robert Varndell, A. P. Williams, Zenas Williams, J. F. Wilson, 
A. T. Williams, B. F. Crofut. Mark A. Ward. According to the muster of 1865, there were sixty-one 
officers and men on the rolls. The company assumed the title of Home Guards and kept things going 
lively while they existed. The company drilled in Central Hall. Warren McChesney resigned his 
commission after the war and George P. Kingsley became Captain, Joseph W. McChesney First 
Lieutenant, and Charles K. Ensign, who had been First Sergeant, was elected Second Lieutenant. 
Then, again. Captain Kingsley resigned and Captain McChesney took hold of the company, August 
Dykman being Second Lieutenant at that time. The company finally became tired of going to Newark 
to battallion drills, and about the year 1873 disbanded. Among the many brave men, natives or 
residents of the Oranges, who served in the war, there are a number worthy of special mention. The 
difficulty of obtaining correct data, however, necessitates the omission of some who are truly 
deserving. 

CAPTAIN AHBROSE HEEKER MATTHEWS. 

The great Civil War that swept over our land like a mighty c\xlone, carrying death and destruction 
in its course and bringing sorrow and desolation into thousands of homes, was not without its blessings. 
It established on a firmer basis the great principles of ci\il and religious liberty, for which our forefathers 
fought and died. It developed in their descendants those strong personal traits — that intense love of 
liberty, unselfish patriotism, and individual heroism, without which life would not be worth living. It 
aroused the dormant energies of the individual, and afforded him the opportunity for the development 
of hereditary traits, of which he was apparently unconscious. Without this opportunity General Grant 
would still have been living in Galena, with no higher aspirations than to become its mayor, that he 
might improve the condition of its streets. 

The development of the hereditary traits of Captain Matthews, for which his ancestors, who were 
among the founders as well as the defenders of the Republic, were conspicuous, is due in a great measure 
to the events connected with the Civil War. The discipline incident to army life, the personal courage, 
self-reliance, and unselfish devotion t<i the cause he espoused, were among the personal traits developed 
that led subsequently to his successful business career and inspired confidence in his fellow citizens, who 
were not unmindful of the debt of gratitude they owed him for his faithful service to his country in her 



TiiK Founders and 'Rfii.nERs of tiff. Oranges. 123 

hour of need. On Saturday, the 13th of April, 1861, the first {jun was fired wliich proclaimed to the 
world the secession of the Southern from the Northern States and the obliteration of nine stars from 
the flajj of the Union. On Sunday thereafter a Proclamation of President Lincoln summoned the 
militia of the Republic to the number of 75,000 to assemble and execute its insulted laws. 

In response thereto Ambrose M. Matthews, on the lOth of May following, entered the ranks of the 
Union Army as a private, rose to the rank of Captain, and served continuously from the first important 
battle of the war to the surrender of the entire Confederate Army under Lee and Johnson. The 
important service he rendered included the cam]jaiy;ns and battles of the Army of the Potomac from 
First Bull Run to October, 1863; the campaign of General Grant, which held fast to Tennessee and in 
four great battles completely defeated the rebel Generals Bragg and Longstreet ; the campaign which, 
from Chattanooga to Atlanta after many battles, all of which were victorious, captured Atlanta; Sher- 
man's campaign from Atlanta to the Sea, and capture of Savannah, Georgia; the campaign through the 
Carolinas, which \irtually captured Charleston, S. C; the final campaign of General Sherman, which, 
after Lee's surrender, compcUetl the surrender of General Johnson and all armed foes of the Federal 
Government. 

Captain Matthews had the honor to belong to the First New Jersey Brigade, which was the First 
Brigade of the First Division, First Corps of the Army of the Potomac, for fifteen months, and it was 
conmianded by General Phil Kearney; in the Richmond campaign of McClellan it became the First 
Brigade. First Division of the Sixth Corps, and so continued until the close of the war. He also had 
the honor to belong to a brigade composed of the 2nd Massachusetts, 3rd Wisconsin, 27th Indiana, 
13th New Jersey, 107th and 150th New York, First Division, Twelfth Corps, and commanded succes- 
sively by Generals George H. Gordon, Thomas H. Ruger, Silas Colgrove and others. It is a matter of 
record that these two brigades had no superior in the great armies to which they belonged. These 
commands named served in the historic Army of the Potomac until after the battle of Gettysburg, and 
then the 1 ith and 12th Corps consolidated with the 20th Corps and joined with the Army of the Cum- 
berland, and formed a part of the great arm\- of General Sherman, comprising the Army of the 
Tennessee and the Army of the Ohio, and afterwards, as the Army of Georgia and of the Tennessee, 
marched through Georgia and the Carolinas, and finally, by way of Richmond, over the battle fields of 
Virginia to the National Capital at Washington. 

During the first Virginia campaign Private Matthews took part as a member of Company G, 2nd 
N. J. Vols, in the battles of Bull Run. July 21, iiS6i ; West Point, Va.. May 7-8, 1862; Mechanicsville. 
Gaine's Mills; Golding's P'arm : Frazier's Farm; Charles City Cross Roads; Malvern Mill, Virginia, 
including the Seven Days Fight. After these engagements he was discharged at the request of Gov. 
Olden, of New Jersey, for the purpose of assisting in raising a new regiment. Owing to the difficulty 
of obtaining the requisite number of men in Orange to complete the quota of the company, it became 
necessary to consolidate with those enlisted at Montclair, and Mr. Matthews offered to enlist again as 
private in order to secure the promotion of one of his friends. He consented, however, to accept the 
position of Second Lieutenant of Company E, 13th Regiment, N. J. Vols., and was promoted First 
Lieutenant of Company K, on Sept. 17th, 1862, (date of the battle of Antietam), and was commissioned 
Captain of Company I, Nov. 1, 1862. After his re-enlistment and promotion he participated with the 
Army of the Potomac in the battles of Antietam, First Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville and Gettysburg. 
After the latter engagement, was transferred to the Army of the Cumberland with the 12th Army 
Corps. This was afterwards consolidated with the I ith Corps, forming the 20th Corps, and with it he 
took part in the battles of Wauhatchie, Tenn.; Lookout Mountain, Ga.; Missionary Ridge, Resacca, 
Cassville, Dallas, Kenesaw Mountain, Marietta, Pine Knob, Culp's Farm, Chattahoochie, River Crossing. 
Nance's Creek, Peach Tree Creek and Atlanta, Ga , July 22, 1864: siege and capture of Atlanta; Sher- 
man's March to the Sea, including capture of .Millidgeville, the Capital; Montieth Swamp, near Savan- 
nah ; capture of Argyle Island, and also the movement to enemy's rear in South Carolina by General 
Ruber's Brigade ; capture of Savannah ; campaign of the Carolinas, including battles of Averysboro, 



124 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

Bentonville, N. C; Goldsborough, N. C; capture of Raleigh and surrender of General Johnson's Army. 
In all nearly forty battles, besides "affairs" and "skirmishes;" among the latter is included the 
approach to Atlanta, at which time the First Division of the 20th Army Corps, with which Captain 
Matthews was connected, was for one hundred consecutive daj's under fire. Captain Matthews was 
wounded in the left leg at the battle of Antietam, Md., by a grape shot, but did not leave the field ; he 
received a flesh wound in the face at Chancellorsville, Va., and was wounded in the left arm at the 
battle of Resacca, Ga. He was one of the officers specially mentioned at the battle of Chancellorsville 
for " gallantry, coolness and efficiency on the battle field." 

It is a noteworthy fact that Captain Matthews was one of the few officers who, at the close of the 
war, declined to make aj^plication for a brevet in excess of the commission he held, the reasons for 
which are apparent. While in active service a brevet rank is an honor justly appreciated b)' those who 
have won distinction on the battle field. At the close of the war, however, it became an empty honor, 
and could be had for the asking, and, although it was conferred on m;iny deserving ones for " gallant 
and meritorious service," it is well known that many worthy officers declined to ask for that which they 
knew they were justly entitled to. If others deserved it they knew that they were equally deserving, 
hence they never received it e.xcept when granted by act of Congress, in recognition of distinguished 
service rather than as a matter of favor or influence. Such officers resent only the implied superior 
claim of the brevets to a distinction greater than their own, while, as a fact, they take issue with and 
ever maintain that it is unjust to the great majority. Among those who, with Matthews, held to this 
view was Captain E. D. Pierson, of Orange, a noble and gallant ofificer, who " never knew a day that 
was not a day of faithful performance of duty," and he, too, for the reasons above named, declined to 
apply for a brevet. 

A retrospective view of the events connected with Captain Matthews's military career, shows "what 
might have been." When President Lincoln called for 100,000 volunteers to serve for three years, a 
company was organized in Orange in the course of a few days, which it was expected would be attached 
to either the 1st, 2nd or 3rd Regiments of the First N. J. Brigade, but as each regiment had already 
received its full quota, this company was not accepted. It was commanded by Captain Owen Murphy, 
a generous hearted Irishman, who hatl seen several years service as Captain of the Columbia O'Brien 
Rifles, a local military company, and had maintained its organization until it was accepted in July, 1861, 
as one of the companies of the 71st N. Y. Regiment, Excelsior Brigade, raised by Daniel E. Sickles, 
which won great distinction during the war, and its commander subsequently became Major-Gencral, 
commanding the Third Corps ot the Army of the Potomac. In this company young Matthews was 
offered the position of First Lieutenant. He modestly declined the honor, however, for, as he said, 
" having had no military training he might make a poor private, but could not hope to be a good ofificer." 
The offer was several times renewed, up to the month of May, 1862, but he invariably declined for the 
reason stated. Every regiment connected with the Excelsior lirigade made a brilliant record, and none 
more so than the 71st. What might have been the record of Private Matthews had he been influenced 
by motives of personal ambition, instead of modestly refusing because of his unfitne3s for the position, 
it is difficult to conjecture. It simply shows the spirit of unselfish, devoted patriotism which animated 
the young men who filled the ranks of the Armies of the Potomac, the Cumberland and of the Tennessee 
— steadfast, faithful, undaunted, never discouraged, and never acknowledging defeat, and which, at last, 
forced the armies of Lee into the last ditch at Appomattox, and compelled the surrender of Johnson in 
North Carolina, where Captain Matthews was then ser\-ing with the arm)' of General Sherman. 

A service of four years in the army, always at the front, and a jiarticipant in most of the great 
battles, furnishes many incidents of a personal nature which would be interesting to note, but which the 
limited space in a work of this character forbids. A single incident, however, serves to illustrate the 
character of the men who composed our armies — men who counted no sacrifice too great that they 
might preserve and transmit to their posterity the liberties for which their ancestors had fought and 
Ijled- At the battle of .\ntietam young Matthews, then Second Lieutenant of Company E, carried his 




CAPT. AMBROSE M. MATTHEWS. 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 125 

sword as an officer; he also carried a musl<et, with the use of wliicli he was more familiar. The regi- 
ment was sent to patch up the lines, and was soon driven in disortler from the field. With four others, 
young Matthews, followed closely by the enemy, bore off a wounded comrade from the field while under 
fire, and reaching a battery limbering up to leave, asked them to stay and deliver their fire at the 
adv.mcing troops of the enemy, which they did and rc[)ulsed them. Afterwards, at the Dunkcr Church, 
where the battle line was again broken. Captain Matthews saved the colors of his regiment from being 
captured by forcing the brave sergeant, w ho bore them, to leave the field, when, as he believed, all had 
retreatetl and, almost surrounded, he rapitUy moved off to the left, anil leaving the woods came in front 
of a rebel battalion, who were marching to take the broken lines in flank and thus effect their capture. 
As Captain Matthews came in front of the attacking force of the enemy, he dropped on one knee, took 
deliberate aim at the color bearer and fired, raising the dust just in front, and left just as quickly as pos- 
sible. The act was witnessed by Sebastian Duncan, afterwards First Lieutenant, who, in describing the 
incident, stated that he " saw Captain Matthews at Antietam bidding defiance to the whole Confederate 
host." 

Captain Matthews was born in Orange, N. J., Sept. 21, 1S36. His ancestors on both sides were not 
only among the founders of Orange, but were defenders of their country in the War of the Revolution. 
William Matthews, his great-grandfather, was in Captain Cornelius Williams's Company, Second Regi- 
ment, Essex; discharged Sept. 13th, 1777; wounds received at Second River, from which he died. 
Simeon Harrison, the great-great-grandfather of Captain Matthews, on his father's side, was a descendant 
of Richard Harrison, and the immediate ancestor of the late Caleb Harrison, and his son Simeon Harri- 
son, known to many of the generation now comprising our oldest inhabitants. Captain Matthews's 
mother, Elema Meeker, (still living, 1894,) is the daughter of Abraham P. Meeker, whose father, Thomas, 
served in the French and Indian War, with Wolfe at the battle of Quebec, and in the War of the 
Revolution from the beginning to its close. The Meekers came originally from Connecticut and settled 
in the Passaic Valley. 

Captain Matthews was educated at the schools of Alonzo Bracket! and Rev. Peter Stocking, of his 
native town, and was afterwards employed in his father's hat factory, one of the manufactories for which 
the city of Orange is famous. At the age of eighteen he became a member of the firm of John H. 
Matthews & Co., and continued until the breaking out of the war, when his interests and business con- 
nections were kept up by the firm until his return from the war. He then resumed his active connection 
with John H. Matthews, his father, in the hat business. The following year he started in the coal busi- 
ness with James and Charles Gardiner, under the name of Gardiner & Matthews. He subsequently 
bought out his partners' interests, and has since carried it on in connection with other business affairs. 
He has been identified with various business organizations for many years past. He assisted in organiz- 
ing the Second National Bank of Orange, in 1892, and became its President. He is also President of 
the New Jersey Coal Exchange, and was President of the Orange Board of Trade and other organizations. 

Captain Matthews still retains an active interest in his old army comrades, and is identified with the 
most prominent veteran military organizations of the country. In 15^78 he assisted in organizing 
Uzal Dodd Post, G. A. R., of Orange, and became its first Commaniler. This Post numbers among its 
members men of prominence in ci\il as well as military life, among whom are: Joseph B. Bray, Samuel 
Toombs, William McChesney, William H. Dodd, E. H. Williams, David A. Bell, E. D. Taylor, Fritz 
Trepkau, John J. Fell and others of like character. The Post has enjoyed great prosperity 
and exercised a marked influence among the veterans of the State. It has preser\ed the patriotic 
trailitions of the war, and has stood as a bulwark in the great organization of which it forms a part. 
Many comrades of this Post have risen to high rank in the G. A. R., and it bids fair not only to retain its 
untarnished record of the past but to exert its wholesome influence in the future on the department to 
which it belongs. This Post received due recognition from the State Department, when in 1890 its old 
commander. Captain Matthews, was elected Department Commander of the State. 

The City of Orange, alone, in New Jersey, enjoys the distinction of having had the Socity of the 



126 The Founders and Builders ok the Oranges. 

Army of the Potomac as its guests, which important event occurred in i88g. This re-union was one of 
the most successful ever held by the Socict)-, and among the participants on that occasion were Governor 
Robert S. Green, accompanied by both Brigades of the National Guard, and man\- military officers and 
civilians of National reputation. A grand review of the military and G. A. R. took place, and on the 
following day an excursion to West Point, where they were received by the ofificer in command of the 
West Point Military Academy. The success of this affair was due to Captain Matthews, Chairman of 
the Committee of Arrangements, and in recognition of his services on this occasion he was tendered a 
public dinner by his fellow citizens of Orange, which was second in importance only to the great public 
event over which he had the honor to preside. 

In public and business affairs of Orange, Captain Matthews is one of the leaders in and promoters 
of all great enterprises. Of other military organizations, he is prominently identified with the Society 
of the Sixth and Twelfth Army Corps, the Kearney Brigade Association, Thirteenth Regiment Veteran 
Association, the Society of the Army of the Potomac, the Society of the Army of the Cumberland, etc. 
He is also a member of the New York Commandery of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the 
United States, of the Society of the Sons of the American Revolution, Corinthian Lodge F. & A. M., 
New England Society of Orange, Essex County Riding Club, Orange Club. etc. 

Captain Matthews has always been identified with the religious element of the community. He 
was at one time a member of the Valley Congregational Church, and when the Hillside Presbyterian 
Church was organized he was made one of its trustees, and was elected Treasurer in 1891. He was a 
warm personal friend of Rev. George B. Bacon and Rev. Joseph A. Ely, the first and second pastors of 
the Valley Congregational Church, both of whom were noted for their exemplary piety and their faith- 
ful labors in the cause of their Divine Master. 

Captain Matthews married Miss Mary E. Harrison, daughter of Ira Harrison, a descendant in the 
eighth generation of Richard Harrison, one of the founders of Newark. In his daily intercourse and 
business dealings he has always enjoyed the marked esteem of his fellow-citizens. Old Father Time has 
dealt kindly with him, and he is still hale and hearty and well preserved. Great changes have transpired 
within his recollection. He remembers when Newark had but 20,000 inhabitants, and when all the 
Oranges, except South Orange, were under one government ; when Montclair was West Bloomfield 
with a few hundred inhabitants, and Paterson but a large, straggling village, while the M. & E. R. R. 
extended only to Morristown, and its cars drawn by horses from Orange to Newark between the time of 
regular trains, which ran each way only twice a day. The telegraph, the sewing machine and numerous 
otlier important inventions are all within his recollection. The great War of the Rebellion, succeeded 
by events of National importance, the telephone, the wonderous applications of electricity, are among 
the great events and discoveries embraced within his eventful life. 



GHAPTKR XI. 



HIGHWAYS, ROADS, STREETS. Etc. 
A CATIOX. 



PIBLIC COMMUNI- 




LMOST the first action taken by the Newark settlers after making temporary- arrange- 
ments for their families, was to lay out the highways and to arrange for their being 
kept in proper condition. The Town Records of October, 1666, show that "after 
the Line was run in the Center or Middle Street of the Town by the Surveyor 
General, and the several ranges of Lotts agreed upon, and the Middle Highways both 
in Length and Breadth of the Town to be Eight Rods wide and the rest four, with 
a full Power and Liberty to appoint and agree upon and set out High ways in the 
most convenient Places necessary for the public uses and Benefits of the Town, with 
the like Liberty for Passages for Drains, Gripes or Water Courses where they were 
needful." * * * At first there was only one Surveyor, but as the number of 
roads were increased, additional men were appointed and the "Surveyors for these 
highways shall have power to call out Men when they see occasion." "These four Surveyors have 
Power to agree among themselves and divide the Town Highways into four Parts if they see Cause." 
After the division of the Home Lotts in the town, large tracts were taken up near by and on the 
mountain, but no action was taken in regard to opening roads thereto until some years later. A 
resolution was adopted by the town December 12, 1681, "That tiierc shall be Surveyors chosen to lay 
out Highways as far as the Mountain if need be." Although the settlers at the mountain were 
increasing from year to year and were in constant communication with the " Towne by the River," the 
"need be " was neglected for several years, and it was not until 1705 that roads were regularly surveyed 
and laid out to the mountain as shown by the records. Two roads running nearly parallel, were laid 
out from the town to the mountain, the one by way of South Orange (described in Streets and High- 
ways of South Orange), the other passing through East Orange and Orange " from Town to the Foot 
of the Mountain or Wheeler's. It was then known as the Crane Road, named in honor of Jasper Crane. 
One of the roads laid out at this time was described as " An other Highway from the way at the P'oot 
of the Mountain, running up to the top of the Mountain, beginning on the north side of Amos 
Williams' house, thence in the Line between Amos and John Johnson as near as may be to the Rocks, 
North to the Notch." The same road was described in 1733 as "Beginning at the house of David 
Day, thence running as the road now runs to a certain chestnut tree standing near the house of Amos 
Williams, said tree standing on the north-east side of said highway; thence running as the road now 
goes between the fences of Amos Williams and Thomas Williams, thence turning to the left hand over a 
small brook and so running up said brook to the Mountain, thence running north of a certain notch 
called and known by the name of the Great Notch, to the top of the Mountain." 

A road laid out " November y"^ 1st. 1744, is described as Beginning at the highway that runs 
up to the mountain near the house of Amos Williams, bounded north upon his fence and a 
chestnut tree, thence northeast across the land of Lewis Crane by a line of marked trees, thence north- 
east across the land of Lewis Crane and David Crane to a maple bush marked on four sides in the line 
of Loui Vincent, thence running eastward along the line between David Crane and Loui Vincent to 
the highway that runs up to Nathaniel Crane's, thence eastward on the south side of the brook on the 
land of David Crane to a birch bush, thence turning over the brook and running by a line of marked 



128 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

trees to the northwest corner of Johannis Cadman his land, thence running down said Johannis his land 
to Tories' Brook, thence running over the brook by a line of marked trees to the road that runs by 
Jonathan Davis; in confirmation of which we have subscribed our names." This was probably the 
Cranetown road, and it is said that in laying out Park Street the lines of the old road were followed. 

The present Washington Street was the old Swinefield Road which followed the lines of an Indian 
path between the Hudson and Delaware rivers. It branched off from the present Main Street at the 
Brick Church and, running through Tory Corners, crossed the mountain at Eagle Rock. That part 
which winds up over the mountain was named by Llewellyn S. Haskell, in 1855, Eagle Rock Road. 

Scotland Street, early known as Scotland Lane, was one of the earliest means of communication 
between Orange and South Orange. It is referred to in descriptions of propert}' as early as 1721. 

Centre Street was also a highway between Orange and South Orange, and was used as such as 
early as 1730. It was surveyed and formally laid out in 1809. 

Cone Street was opened in 1798 by Joseph Cone. It ran in a northerly direction to the Main 
Street and was named in his honor. It was originally carried in the form of an elbow to Centre Street, 
but about 1854 was extended southwesterly to Henry Street, and the "elbow" received the name of 
Reock Street from James Reock, whose residence fronted on the land. 

Day Street, in Orange, was opened by Stephen D. Day, and was long known as "Squire Day's 
Lane." David N. Ropes, who came to Orange in 1855, probably opened and improved more streets 
than any other one man. When he began operations, High Street was opened only to White Street, 
and the latter from High Street to the Valley Road was little more than an ordinary highway. Chapel 
Street was only a courtway, running about half-way to the present line of Park Avenue. Wigwam 
Brook was carried in a canal along the border of the high land south of its present course, and the 
drainage from it kept the lower lands constantly wet and marshy. The brook which takes its rise in 
the spring near St. Mark's Church and is joined by two or three others which drain Llewclh'n Park, 
before uniting with Wigwam Bnxik-, liad no well defined course, and the refuse from the gas works at 
the foot of White Street being sufferetl to mingle with the water, spread over a large part of the low 
lands making a most filthy mi.xture of mud and tar. Soon after Mr. Haskell laid out Llewellyn Park, 
he opened Park avenue to Cleveland Street. In 1866, Mr. Ropes purchased a large tract of land 
bordering on Orange and West Orange, and laid out the following streets: Spring and Sumner from 
White street to Park a\enue; Ashland Avenue, Standish Avenue, and Mount Vernon Avenue, from 
Park Avenue to Lakeside Avenue; Watchung Avenue and High Street from Park Avenue to Washing- 
ton Street ; Cle\cland Street from Elizabeth to Washington Street ; Lakeside Avenue from Valley 
Road to Day Street ; Bradford Street from Alden to Washington Street ; Hawthorne Street from Day 
to Cleveland Street ; Charles Street from Valley Road to Ashland Avenue. He purchased most of the 
land Ij'ing between Washington Street and occupied lots fronting on North Park Street, and between 
Dodd and River Streets. Through these lands he laid out and opened East Day, Sherman, Sheridan 
and Kearny Streets and the greater part of Ri\er Street. Mr. Ropes expended thousands of dollars 
in grading and improving these streets and when completed, deeded them to the corporations of Orange 
and West Orange. 

Prospect Street, East Orange, was the old road to Bloomfield. Harrison Street was early known 
as " Harrison Lane," and was probabl\- first o])cned between Nathaniel Harrison's House and the 
highway — Main Street — about 1740. It was laid out by the surveyors in 1796. 

Munn Avenue, East Orange, was early known as " Munn Lane," Arlington Avenue as "Cherry 
Lane," Grove Street as "Whiskey Lane." A number of streets were opened in East Orange by M. O. 
Halsted, George W. Thorp, the Mitchell brothers, E. O. Doremus and others. 

Pre\ious to 1867 the streets of Orange were little better than the common c<iuntr_\- roads. They 
were soft and sandy in dry weather and muddy up to the wagon hubs in spring and fall. In 1S67 Mr. 
Leander Williams, who was at that time Street Commissioner, also a member of the Common Council 
and chairman of the Committee on Streets and Highways, obtained an appropriation of Si,8cx), and 



Thk Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 129 

with this amount a contract was given to Daniel Rrennan. Jr., to macadami/e Cone Street from Main 
Street to the Morris and Essex Railroad tracks. The experiment proved a success and gradually one 
after another of the streets were macadamized and otherwise improved. There is probably not another 
city or town in the Union that can boast of better streets than the Oranges. The trap rock on Orange 
Mountain has furnished and still contains an inexhaustible supply of material for this purpose. 

PuiiLic Communication, Tkavei.ing Facilities, Etc. The movement which separated the 
township of Orange from the township of Newark was a movement which pervaded the mind of a 
wider community. It was a quickening of enterprise and of facilities for commerce, for manufacture, 
for agriculture. During that year of 1806, four important public roads were made. The crooked was 
made straight, the wet was made dry, the rough was made smooth, the steep ascent was made gradual, 
and the tide of wheeled movement at once increased. This was the construction, by the act of the 
State, of four turnpikes radiating from Newark — the Newark and Mount Pleasant road through Orange, 
the Newark and Pompton road through Bloomfield, the Springfield and Newark road and the Essex 
and Middlesex pike from Newark to New Brunswick. These wide avenues penetrated a wide circuit 
of country. Distant roads, farms and mills felt their power; new mills, stores and residences and all 
forms of internal commercial life were created. 

Travel between Orange, Newark and New York was by the old stage route which continued to 
ply daily between these points for more than thirty years after Orange became a separate township. 
A steamer plied daily between Newark and New York, and passengers from Orange could take the 
stage to Newark and transfer to the boat or continue by the stage route to Jersey City, thence by the 
Powles Hook ferry to New York. 

Railroad Communication. As early as 1806, Orange had become famous for its institutions of 
learning, and twenty years later as a health resort. It was not, however, until the opening of railroad 
communication with New York City that business men were enabled to avail themselves of its many 
advantages as a place of permanent residence. 

The history of railroads in the counties of Esse.x and Hudson is contemporaneous with the history 
of the introduction of these great highways of travel into the United States and almost parallel with 
the success of railroading in England. As early as 1S12, Colonel John Stevens, of Hoboken, published 
a pamphlet urging the government to make experiments in railways traversed by steam carriages, and, 
if feasible, proposed the construction of such a railway from Albany to Lake Erie; and long before 
George Stephenson, of England, who in 1829 "demonstrated that the locomotive was competent, not 
only to move itself, but also to drag a heavy load," Stevens had demonstrated it practicability by con- 
structing a circular railroad track around the town hall in Hoboken, where he ran his locomotive for 
some weeks, to the delight of thousands who witnessed the experiment. 

The first railroad enterprise started in New Jersey was that of the Camden and Amboy Railroad 
and Transportation Company, which was incorporated by the State Legislature on the 4th of February, 
1830. The road ran from Camden to Amboy. At the same time the Delaware and Raritan Canal 
Company was incorporated, and in 1831 the two companies were consolidated. The Paterson and 
Hudson River Railroad was chartcreil in 1831, and subsequently became a part of the Erie Railroad. 
The New Jersey Railroad and Transportation Company was chartered by the State Legislature in 1S32, 
having passed the Assembly by a vote of 39 to 5, after a bitter fight on the part of its opponent, the 
Camden and Amboy Railroad and Transportation Company. 

Morris .vM) Esskx Railroad. The Morris and Essex Railroad was projected in 1835. Several 
prominent citizens of Morristown started the enterprise, and held meetings and appointed committees 
to solicit aid and support from the neighboring towns. In response to their appeal a meeting was held 
at the South Ward Hotel, Newark, on Wednesday, January 14, with Stephen Dodd as chairman and 
Peter Fairchild, secretary. Resolutions were adopted extending the cordial approbation of the meeting 
to the project of the "Morristown Railroad," and Messrs. J. M. Meeker. J. P. Jackson and Moses 
Bigelow were appointed a committee to act with the committee at Morristown. Their endeavors were 



130 The Founders and Builders of the Oraxges, 

crowned with success by the passage of the bill to incorporate the Morris and Essex Railroad, by the 
assembly, on the 27th of January, and on the 29th the bill was returned from the Council with amend- 
ments which were agreed to by the lower house, and the bill was finally passed. The charter authorized 
a capital stock of $300,000, with authority to increase to $500,000. The company was authorized to lay 
out and construct a railroad or lateral roads from one or more suitable place or places in Morristown, to 
"intersect one or more suitable place or places in the railroad known as the New Jersey Railroad and 
Transportation Company at Newark and Elizabethtown." 

The subscription books of the company were opened on the 9th of March, at Morristown ; on the 
lOth, at Elizabethtown, and on the nth, at Newark. The company was organized by the stockholders 
at Chatham on March 23, when Jeptha B. Munn, John S. Darcy, Israel D. Condit, Jonathan C. Bonnel. 
Alfred liishop, William Britton, James Cook, Lewis Condict, and William N. Wood were elected 
Directors. Dr. Lewis Condict was elected President, and William N. Wood, Secretary. As soon as the 
road was completed from Newark to Orange, communication was opened by the running of horse cars 
which continued until the autumn of 1837. The time table of the horse cars appeared regularly in the 
Newark Daily Advertiser. The first change appeared in September, 1837, when locomotives were 
introduced in place of the horse cars. 

Morris and Essex Railroad Company. 
The public is informeil that this Company will commence running Cars by Locomotive power on Monday next, 2(1 of 
October, daily (Sunday excepted), from the corner of Broad Street and the Railroad Avenue, at Newark, to .Madison, from 
which place the Company has assurances that stages will be in readiness to take passengers to Morristown and other places. 

Orange Accommodation. 
Leave Orange at Si o'clock, A. ^L and i o'clock P. M. Leave Newark at 10 o'clock, .\. M. and 5 o'clock, P. M. Fare from 
Newark to Orange, 12A ; to South Orange. 25 ; to Millville, 37^ ; to Summit, 44; to Chatham, 50; and to .Madison, 62i cents. 

The entire rolling stock of the rciad at this time consisted of two locomotives — the "Orange" and 
the "Dover" — si.x passenger cars, a dozen freight and a few flat cars. The locomotive "Orange" was 
built by the well-known inventor, .Scth Boyden, of Newark, it being his first effort in this direction. On 
the day of the opening, when the locomotives were first attached to the cars, every one was permitted 
to ride free, and huiulreds of people in Newark and along the line of the road availed themselves of 
this opportunit)- to take a ride. With many of them this was their first ride behind a locomotive. Two 
men were killed on the tlay of the opening owing to the rush and confusion that pre\ailed. On the 
final completion of the road from Morristown to Newark, a connection was made with the New Jersey 
Railroad by a track laid through Broad Street to the Center Street depot. Early in 1855 the branch 
road from East Newark and the bridge across the Passaic perfecting the junction of the Morris and 
Essex with the New Jersey Railroad, was completed by the latter company at an expense of 
about $200,000. 

In i860 the Hoboken Land and Improvement Company obtainetl a charter for a railroad connect- 
ing Newark with Hoboken which was completed on November 19, 1862, when the trains of the Morris 
and Essex road were run direct to Hoboken through the Bergen tunnel. The road extends from 
Hoboken to Phillipsburg, a distance of nearly eighty-four iniles, with the Boonton branch diverging at 
the western end of the tunnel, about thirty-four miles additional. It was leased to the Delaware, 
Lackawanna and Western Railroad Companj-, December 10, 1868, at an annual rental of seven per 
cent, per annum on the stock and bonds, and is equipped and operated by the lessee. 

Revival ok the Stage. Just at the clo.se of the panic of 1857, the directors of the Morris and 
Esse.x road determined to take some action to increase the income of the road ; they therefore adopted 
a resolution to increase the fare fifty per cent, on commutation tickets and twenty-five per cent on way 
fares to Newark, and also to reduce the number of trains about one-half. The rate of single fare to 
Newark — twelve cents — was raised to fifteen cents, and the rate of commutation raised from $25 to 
$37.50. This action caused great dissatisfaction among all travelers between Orange and New York, as 



The Founders and Huilders ok the Oranges. 131 

Orange was then just coming into note as a place of residence for New York business men. A public 
meeting was called and a committee of leading citizens appointed among whom were Henry A. Howe, 
Lowell Mason, Rev. B. F. Barret, Charles A. Lighthipe, L. J. Everett, Nelson and George Lindsley and 
many others, to wait upon the directors of the Morris and Essex Rairload and protest against the 
proposed changes. They were met by the directors with a contemptuous refusal. On receiving the 
report of the committee, steps were at once taken to establish an omnibus company under a general 
law of tile State which was organizetl with a capital .stock of $5,575, subscribed in siiares of $25 
each. The company elected Philip II. Kissam president, and Edward H. Ensign secretary, treasurer 
and manager. Single fares between Orange and Newark were ten cents and yearly commutation tickets 
between the two points was fixed at twenty-five dollars. 

During the first year the omnibus company carried eighty thousand passengers between Orange 
and Newark, while the capital stock was increased to ten thousand dollars, besides paying a dividend of 
ten per cent, to .stockholders. The company continued for three years to do a successful business, and 
in the meantime the Morris and Essex Railroad Company reduced the fare between Orange and Newark 
to five cents, which they subsequently raised to ten cents. 

The New York and Greenwood Lake Rah.wav runs from Jersey City to the State line on 
the northern boundary of Passaic County, a distance of forty-tlirce miles, passing through the village of 
Arlington to Kearny township, crossing the Passaic by a handsome iron bridge on stone piers near the 
mouth of Second River, and runs through Bloomfield, Little Falls and Meade Basin, thence to 
Greenwood Lake. The project originated witli Julius II. Pratt, of Montclair, and a few others, in 1866. 
The cost of construction was $2,849,617.61. It was subsequently sold for §156,000. 

The Watchu.ng Branch of this road, built at a later period, extends from North Newark to 
Orange, a distance of about three miles, entering the latter city at the westerly end of Main Street, 
near St. Mark's Chvirch. Trains connect with the Greenwood Lake road to and from New York. 

David N. Ropes, who was largely interested with Mr. Pratt in this project, was mainly instrumental 
in the construction of this road to Orange. It did not prove as advantageous to this city as was 
expected, and he, as well as others, lost heavily on his investment. The road has never been largely 
patronized by the people of Orange, except in certain emergencies, when use has been made of it to 
force the D. L. & W. R. R. to give better accommodations. 






■'-^J*-*^- 





( HAPTER XII. 



J^^ 



RELIGIOUS INTERESTS OF ORANGE. 

Presbyterian Churches. 




|IRST Pkdsbvierian Church, of Orange. The old Presbyterian church has been 
for long years a noted landmark in Orange. Standing almost in the center of the 
city and facing Main Street, the principal avenue, it arrests the attention of every 
\isitor. Tile religious organization of which its plain, solid stone walls are a fitting 
symbol, represents to-day, as it has always done, the solid theological foundation on 
which this church rests. The spiritual life of the church was the earliest fountain of 
rcliirious and moral influences in the communit\-, and the healthful flow of its current 
is increasingly marked and strong. 15ancroft, the historian, writing half a century 
ago, records that " Scottish Presbyterians of virtue, education and courage, blending 
a love of popular liberty with religious enthusiasm, hurried to East New Jersey 
between the years 1682 and 1687 in such numbers as to give to the rising common- 
wealth a character which a century and a half have not effaced. Meeting on her soil with Puritans and 
Quakers, their combined faith, institutions and preferences have given life and color to the common 
mind." Divergence of views naturally marked the progress of religious movements among such sturdy 
adherents of varying politics. 

Dr. Charles Hodge tells us "that on the soil of New Jersey at large, Presbyterianism has not 
invaded and supplanted Congregationalism. It was the earlier and predominant type of ecclesiastical 
order, and naturally absorbed and assimilated the Congregationalism that came in. This assimilation 
was not, however, without a struggle between the two systems, and in a community like that of Newark, 
originally composed of Congregationalist only, the process of change was necessarilj' slow. When the 
second Pierson (son of Rev. Abraham Picrson) manifested some leanings toward the Presbyterian order, 
the displeasure of his people was e.xcited and troubles arose which resulted in his dismissal. Yet, on 
the 22d of October, 1719, Joseph Webb, in the line of his successors, was ordained and settled over the 
same flock by the Presbytery of Philadelphia, and the ne.xt year took a seat in the Synod with a 
ruling elder from his church." 

The people of Newark at that time were substantially a unit in favor of Presbytery, and those of 
the Mountain in favor of the old Congregational basis. Re\-. Jedidiah Buckingham, a native of 
Saybrook, Conn., was engaged as a supply for the Newark church during a part of 1716-17. The 
withdrawal of Mr. Buckingham from the Newark pulpit was nearly coincident with the fact that " in 
1718 many of the inhabitants of the mountain broke off and formed a new society." This was known 
for many years as the Mountain Society, and afterwards as the Second Church in Newark — now the 
First Presbyterian Church, in Orange. 

Among the old papers in the possession of the trustees of the church is a deed for twenty acres 
of land sold by Thomas Gardiner to "Samuel Freeman, Samuel Pierson, Matthew Williams and Samuel 
Wheeler, and the Society at the Mountain associated with them." The consideration was " ^."25 current 
money of New York." The land is described as " situate l\ing and being in the bountls and limits of 
Newark aforesaid, on the east side of a brook commonly called and known by the name of Parrow's 
Brook." The deed is dated January 13, 1719. The founders of the Mountain Society were made up 
largely of a number of families who had purchaseil lands in the outlying districts of Newark, compris- 
ing the present townships of Livingston, Caldwell, Montclair (formerly Cranetown, and later West 



Tiiii Founders and Buii.dkrs of the Oranges. 



'33 



Bloomfield). and Hloomfiekl (formerly known as VVatsessing). Among the most prominent of the 
founders whose names appear on the church records are the Cranes, Canfields, Baldwins, Harrisons, 
Munns, Condits, Dodds, Piersons, Pecks, Williams, Lindsleys, Wards, Rij,'gs, Freemans, Tompkins, 
Smiths, Ogdens, Vincents. Wheelers, etc., the descendants of whom are found among the builders and 
most active promoters of this and neighboring churches. 

In 1720 ground was purchased of Samuel Wheeler on which to erect a house of worship. The site 

selected for it was on the highway in the middle of 
what is now Main Street, between Day and Center 
Streets. The style of architecture was no doubt 
similar to that of the first church of Newark, which 
was the prevailing style of most New England 
churches. The records of the Society show that 
Rev. Daniel Taylor was the first pastor of this 
church. He was a native of Saybrook, Conn., and 
a graduate, in 1707, of the college established at 
that place in 1702, by Rev. Abraham Pierson, subse- 
quently, after its removal to New Haven, known as 
Yale College. Rev. Mr. Andrew was the rector and 
Rev. Mr. Buckingham the tutor of the college at 
that time. The call of Mr. Taylor to the Mountain 
Society was doubtless due to the influence of Rev. Mr. Buckingham, his old tutor. 

From the number of deeds witnessed and apparently drawn up by Mr. Taylor, he appears to have 
been the .yrr/rr;/fr as well as the minister of the parish. His read}- pen and knowledge of legal forms 
were in frequent demand and doubtless saved to the planters many a fee that would otherwise have 
gone to the lawyers. Little is known of him as a preacher, but from the fact that he took sides against 
the Proprietors in defense of Indian titles, it is inferred that he was a man of great energy, fearlessness 
and firmness. Tlie church grew in power and influence during his pastorate. He died January 8, 
1747-8, and the inscription on his tombstone shows the esteem in which he was held by his people. 

Tin; First and Second Parsonage.s. The first consideration of the New England colonists in 
founding a new settlement was to provide for a church building; secondly, to engage a pastor, and 
thirdly, to provide a parsonage. Rev. Daniel Taylor, the first pastor of the Mountain Society, was 




FIRST CHURCH, ORANGE. 



evidently a man of some means as he bought his lot and built his own house 

Taylor's death, the Mountain Society began to make arrangements 

for building a parsonage. The earliest records referring to this matter 

are found in the day-book entries of Samuel Harrison, proprietor of 

the first saw mill in this locality. An entr\- in July. 1748, shows that 

he was sawing " oke plank," "gice," " slepers," and preparing other 

materials and receiving contributions "on account of the parsonage." 

The house was not built on the parsonage lands, but a new lot of four 

acres was bought of Mattlicw Williams, lying " on the north side of 

the highway that leads to the mountain, near the house once the 

Rev. Daniel Taylor's, late of Newark, deceased." The site of the 

new parsonage was opposite the twenty acres previously owned by 

the parish. A part of the frontage is now owned by the corporation 

of Grace (Episcopal) Church and the church edifice is situated only a 

short distance from where the old parsonage formerly stood. The 

deed was given September 14, 1748, the price being " four pounds per 

acre, current money of New Jersey, at eight shillings per ounce." 

The stone of which it was built was quarried from the mountain 



Shortly after Mr. 




THE PARbO.NACE. 



'34 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



beyond, the timbers were cut from the surrounding forest trees and sawed into shape at the mill of 
Samuel Harrison. The wages paid the workmen was "three shillings sixpence per day." The work 
was completed in the summer of 1749, and in September following the young minister, Rev. Caleb 
Smith, and his young and beautiful wife, were happily installed in the new stone mansion, quite a 
pretentious one for the time. It was occupied about thirteen years by Rev. Mr. Smith, then several 
years by tenants, then thirty years by another pastor and fourteen by another, and finally occupied as a 
tenement house for about forty years before its demolition. It was purchased in 1854 by Albert 
Pierson, who tore it down, using some of the stones in making improvements in his own dwelling; 
others were used in the foundation of Willow Hall, and some in the bridge over Farrow's Brook, and 
some found their way to Rosedalc Cemetery. 

The New Parsonage. Up to 1855 the church was never without a parsonage. In 1836 a lot on 
High Street was purchased of Abraham Harrison "near his residence, at two dollars per foot, fronting 
on a new street soon to be opened." The lot purchased had a frontage of fifty feet, to which Mr. 
Harrison added an equal amount by way of donation. Upon this lot a parsonage was built, the 
contract price being eighteen hundred and seventy-five dollars, and the money raised by subscription. 
The house was finished in the spring of 1837 and occupied by Rev. William C. White. Upon the 
retirement of Mr. White from active service, in 1855, he received from the church, in addition to his 
salary, a donation of the parsonage and lot, which, after his death, remained in possession of his heirs. 
Eight months after the death of Mr. Taylor, Rev. Caleb Smith was installed as pastor by the 
Presbytery of New York. It is recorded in 1729 that all the churches of the Congregational order 
became Presbyterian except "the one in the mountains back of Newark." The change from Congrega- 
tionalism to Presbyterianism was made about the time of the calling of Mr. Smith to the pastorate. 

The success of Mr. Smith's labocs is shown in the fact that about five years after his installation as 
pastor, arrangements were made for the erection of a new meeting-house which was to be " after the 

model of the meeting-house in Newark." The 
-^* --- =s=^^&:^^._— ^ contract provided that "he shall take the desk 

of the old pulpit and so new model it that it 

be proportionable to the rest of the work; that 

he shall make six pews, one on each side of 

the pulpit, and two on the right and two on 

the left fronting the pulpit, with doors and 

hinges; that he shall make a row of pews in 

the front galler\' next the wall " The building 

stood in the niiiUlle of the highway a few rods 

further west, nearly in front of the present 

etlilice. The members of the committee who 

'^" signed the "articles of agreement" on behalf 

•^1l vf<; '''''\jiSfel^!JfeSi'^-''''i'''' '''"'^"^"^ " "'^ '''*-■ church were: Samuel Harrison, Samuel 

,K. ,,^i, , H, k. H, wK v,.,i,. Freeman, Joseph Harrison, Stephen Dod, 

Da\-itl Williams, Samuel Conilit, William Crane, 
and Joseph Riggs. The other party to the contract was Moses Baldwin. The money was raised by 
subscription, the total amount being £6jg 19s. rod., or about $2,275. 

The church grew and prospered undei the ministrations of Mr. Smith. Rev. James Ho}t, in his 
history of this church, says: " Mr. Smith possessed much influence in the ecclesiastical bodies to which 
he belonged. He was for many years Stated Clerk of the Presbytery. In debate he was easy, calm, 
candid. He was especially a peace-maker and was often happily successful in preventing or healing 
differences. His eminent pity, sincerity and sound judgment combined to secure the confidence of his 
brethren. To these traits were added great modesty and a natural diffidence which sometimes made 
large crosses of little duties." Mr. Smith's pastorate of the church continued for about fourteen 






8iJ 



Si Si 




The Founders and Huii.ders of the Oranges. 



»35 



years, closing with his death which occurred October 22, 1762, at the age of thirty-eight years and ten 
months. For four years after the death of Mr. Smith the church was without a pastor. In 1766 a call 
was extended to Rev. Jedediah Chapman, a native of Kast Haddam, Conn., born September 27, 1741. 
He graduated at Yale in 1762, and on July 22 was ordained as pastor of this church. " Though bred a 
Congregationalist," says Rev. Mr. Hoyt, "he was to do a work for the Presbyterian Church and to 
bequeath to it a posterity that woulil place his name upon its records among the fathers." Mr. 
Chapman's salary was fixed at £\y) proclamation money, or about $330. Rev. Mr. Hoyt says of him : 
" He was a youthful, energetic and promising pastor. He was neither Antinomian. Armenian nor 
Sandemanian. His oratory, though it did not escape criticism, proved acceptable." 

" In the Revolutionary struggle, Mr. Chapman espoused warmly the American cause. His boldness 
in defending the Revolution made enemies of those who opposed it. and more than once i)lans were 
laid for coincying him to the British camp. Soldiers were sent to capture him, but freedom's sentinels 
were arouml him to give a timely signal when danger was seen, and under the shield of that Prcjvidence 
which fa\'.ired our country's arms he received no harm." Mr. Chajjuian took a deep interest in all the 
affairs connected with his parish and es[)ecially that of education. The History of Montclair (Cranetown) 
states that he "came regularly every two weeks on Saturilay to catechise the children. He was a man 
of venerable appearance, wore a cocked hat and always rode on horseback. The children, with the 
master, were ranged along the roadside in single file and waited with uncovered heads until the minister 
dismounted and entered the buikling, when tliey all followed." The church experienced a steady 
growth and many changes took place during the pastorate of Mr. Chapman. The Bloomfield Church 
was organized by him in 1798 which took fifty-nine members from the Orange Church. Two years 
later, after a pastorate of thirty-four years, he severed his connectinn with this church and accepted a 
call from the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church to assume the superintendence of its 
mission work in western New York. 

On October 20, 1801, a call was extended to Rev. Asa Hillyer, D. D., by the "Congregation of 
Orange Dale " — as this locality was then known — and he was regularly installed as pastor on December 
16 following. By the division of the township of Newark in 1806, and the formation of the township 
of Orange, it became necessary for the church to change its corporate name, and in 181 1 application 
was made to the State Legislature w hen the name and the title was changed from the Second Presby- 
terian Church of Newark, to the First Presbyterian Church of Orange, which name it still bears. 
During the pastorate of Mr. Hillyer the third church edifice was erected which forms the main part of 
the present structure. Mr. Hillyer had been with this peojile about ten years when he had become 
so popular in his ministrations, and occupying the only pulpit then in the Oranges, his congregations 
were naturally large, filling the old stone meeting-house to overflowing. The necessity foi' a larger build- 
ing was ajiparent to all, and in the early part of 181 I a subscription list 
was started, headed by Mr. Jared Harrison with five hundred dollars. 

In May, 181 1, a half acre of land, the present site of the church, 
was purchased of Stephen Day for the sum of four hundred dollars, 
and the corner-stone of the new edifice was laid September 15, 1812. 
The architect was Moses Dodd. The material in the old meeting- 
house was used in the construction of the new one. The size of the 
new building is sixty-three by ninety feet, including the convexity of 
four or five feet in the rear wall. The walls are thirty-six feet from 
ground to roof, and the tower eighteen and one-half feet wide was 
carried to the top of the building and finished in 1S14 at a cost of 
$2,750. The total cost of the edifice, including the steeple, was 
$30,750. The building was dedicated in December, 1813, Rev. Asa 
Hillyer, D. D., the pastor, preaching the sermon, taking for his text 
Genesis, xxviii, 17. 




rillKI) CHLR' 



136 The Founders and Builders of the OrangeS. 

The same year that the corner-stone was hiid the corporate title of tlie Orange congregation was 
changed from the "Second Presbyterian Church of Newark," to the "First Presbyterian Church of 
Orange." Dr. Hillyer was an earnest and efTccti\e preacher and a most devoted pastor. During the 
thirty-one years of his ministry, four hundred and forty were added to the church. This is a remarkable 
increase, considering the fact that Orange at that time was made up mostly of an agricultural population. 
He was beloved and honored by his people and held in high esteem by the whole community. His 
pastoral relation with this church was dissolved February 12, 1833. During the latter years of Dr. 
Hiilyer's pastorate the increasing duties connected therewith made it necessary for the church to provide 
an assistant, and Rev. George Pierson, a native of Orange, who had just finished his education at 
Princeton, was ordained as co-pastor, June 22, 1829, and remained until 183 1 when he was dismissed to 
another field. Rev. Edwin F. I^Iatfield was also an assistant for a short time. 

Rev. William C. White became the successor of Dr. Hillyer and was installed as pastor of this 
church February 13, 1833. In 1818 the membersliip of the church was over five hundred and continued 
to increase until March, 1831, when one hundred and eighteen members withdrew to organize the 
Second Presbyterian Church, and in May following twenty-nine more were dismissed to organize the 
Presbyterian Church of South Orange. While there was a constant addition to the membership during 
the pastorate of Mr. White, the process of disintegration continued by the formation of other churches 
in this locality, and in 1850 there were reported but two hundred and twenty three members. The 
number had fallen to the point from which it rose in 1806, the earliest date at which it stands recorded. 
From that date there had been a regular ascent till the point of culmination was reached in 1827; then 
a descent for an equal period. Dr. White labored faithfully and earnestly for more than twenty years. 
Owing to failing health he resigned his charge April 18, 1855. He died in Orange Februari,- 7, 1856, 
aged fifty-three years. A tablet with a suitable inscription was erected to his memory soon after his 
death and placed at the east side of the pulpit. 

Rev. James Hoyt was installed pastor of the church February 14, 1856, just a week after the death 
of his predecessor. He was the ninth pastor of this church since its organization and was one of the 
most progressive, earnest and faithful pastors it has ever had. To his efforts are due the gathering up 
of the fragments of the history of this locality, which otherwise would have been forever lost. In his 
preface to his History of the Mountain Society, published in i860, he says: "The labor involved in 
researches of this kind is peculiarly tedious. Let the reader imagine himself starting from the mouth 
of the Mississippi, without a map, to trace backward its lengthened flow to its distant sources. Let him 
think of following the trunk up to its branches, and these to their tributaries, and these to their 
thousand little feeders and inlets. Such a labor is this. It has sometimes required months to trace 
some family stream to its ancient springlet. Man)- an afternoon has been passed in the old graveyard 
among monuments so bronzed and moss-grown by the long action of the elements as almost to defy 
the hand of Old Mortality. Recourse has been had to historical societies, to ecclesiastical records, to old 
account books and journals, to deeds and wills, to town records, and to the living descendants of 
pa.stors and others noticed in the history." 

To Mr. Hoyt, more than to any other person living or dead, docs the church and the i)eople of the 
Oranges owe a debt of gratitude that w ill probably never be repaid. This, with him, was a work of 
love, and it is not surprising that a man of Mr. Hoyt's mental calibre and literary tastes should add to 
the labors of pastor of a large congregation, those of preserving for all time the landmarks set up by 
the pioneer white settlers of this classic field, which he did so thoroughly and completely in the 
publication of his History of the Mountain Society. Notwithstanding the arduous labors of Mr. Hoyt 
in this direction, he never neglected his duties to his church and it may be truly said of him his " works 
do follow him." He died December 16, 1866, leaving a widow and two sons. His memory will ever 
be kept green in the hearts of the people of Orange. 

Rev. Eldridge Mi.v, D. D., was called to the pastorate of this church October 2, 1867, and was 
dismissed May 9, 1881, after nearly fourteen years of faithful labor. The net increase in membership 



TlIK FOUNDEKS AND linil.DF.RS OF TUF, ORANGES. I37 

at the close of his pastorate was 158, the total number being 468. During this period a new organ was 
purchased at a cost of §7,000; the interior of the church building was renovated at a cost of $5,000- 
and a new chapel extension erected at a cost of $15,000, making a total of $27,000 in improvements. 
A Mission Sunday School was also established. After l>r. Mi.x left there was an interval of nearly 
sixteen months that the church was without a pastor and relied wholly on supplies. 

Rew Henry M. Storrs, the eleventli pastor of this church, was installed November i, 1882; his 
labors were terminated by tlcath December i, 1894. The total membership when he began his labors 
was 496; at the present time it is "jjOi, showing a net increase of 280. Many improvements were made 
during the twelve years of his pastorate. The organ was removed from the front end of the church to 
the space behind tlie pul[)it and an addition made to the chapel building, at a cost of about $32,000. 
A Christian Endeavor Society was organized which has accomplished much good. A mission among 
the Italians was begun and successfully carried forward under the supervision of the Session. 

Rev. Henry Martyn Storrs, D. D., L.L. D., second cliild of Rev. Charles Backus and Vashti Maria 
(Pierson) Storrs, was born in Ravenna, Ohio, January 20, 1827, died in Orange, N. J., December i, 1894. 
He is a descendant of Samuel Storrs, the ancestor, through Samuel (2), John, Rev. John, Rev. Richard 
and Rev. Charles Backus. He entered Amherst College in his fifteenth year, graduating with honor in 
1S46, and afterwards entered Andover Theological Seminary from which he was graduated in 1851. As 
soon as he graduated he entered upon the pastorate of an important church at Lawrence, Mass. The 
church grew rapidlj' and the whole community felt the influence of his presence. After three years' labors 
he was called to the First Orthodox Congregational Church, of Cincinnati. His pastorate there was 
richly blessed. Dr. Storrs' health failed him through overwork and it was supposed that consumption 
had marked him as a victim, but by exercise in the open air and horseback riding he regained his health 
and strength. In 1S65 he was sent to England to speak on behalf of the freedmen. He made a deep 
impression on the people there and acquired a great reputation as an orator and eloquent platform 
speaker. In 1867 he was called to the pastorate of the South Congregational Church, Brooklyn, where 
he remained five years. 

He was then chosen Corresponding Secretary of the American Missionary Society and in this 
capacity traveled extensively, presenting the cause of the Society both in this country and in foreign 
lands. He continued his labors in this line until 1882, when he was called to the pastorate of this 
church, continuing until his death. 

As a preacher. Dr. Storrs possessed intellectual abilities of a high order. Few men in the pulpit at 
the present age had such a strong grasp of the great subjects with which the Christian minister is called 
upon to deal. In his discourses he often rose to the heights of eloquence. He always impressed his 
hearers as being a man of large resources, of strong, forceful speech. He had the power of expressing 
strong emotion in striking language. He spoke out of the abundance of the heart and hence his 
eloquence was of a kind that produced conviction. 

During his course at Amherst College, Dr. Storrs met Miss Catharine Hitchcock, daughter of 
Rev. Edward Hitchcock, D. D., then President of the college, and six years later, in 1852, they were 
married. The children of Rev. Henry Martyn and Catharine (Hitchcock) Storrs were: Mary, born 
1857, died in infancy; Charles Bigelow, born August 23, 1859; Katherine, born March 8, 1861 ; Richard 
Salter, born May 4, 1868. 

The membership of the church is about 800; that of the Sunday School, over 600. Mr. A. W. 
Kilborne is Superintendent of the latter. The present officers of the church are : Elders.— OXw^r S. 
Carter, A. \V. Kilborne, Charles .\. Lindsley, Andrew Mason. Josiah H. Reed, E. P. Starr. Edwin S. 
Simons, J. VV. Stickler. Jr., Frank H. Scott, Edward H. Williams, Daniel Wilson. A-a^r^w.— William 
Beach, Wm. H. Dodd, Rufus Meade, Stephen T. Smith, Edward P. Smith, Wm. P. Towne, Horton D. 
Williams, Robert P. Williams. Trustees.— O. S. Carter, Wm. H. Dodd, Everett Frazar, John Gill, 
Charles A. Lindsley, Albert D. Smith, Wm. P. Towne. 

Proi'RIETARV Land Grants. Among the inducements held out to the settlers by the Proprietors 



138 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

of East Jersey was the offer of two hundred acres of land for the support of public worship in each 
parish. A warrant for the survey of two hundred acres and meadow for a parsonage was granted to the 
Newark settlers October 23, 1676. The actual survey was not made till April 10, 1696. In process of 
time, as the civil and religious affairs of the town were separated and new religious services were formed, 
these lands became a source of much contention. The Mountain Society and the Episcopal Church 
demanded a division, claiming for themselves an equal share with the First Society, as thev were a part 
of it when the land grant was made. The latter had the legal title to sustain it in claiming the whole. 
F"rom 1760 onward, for many years the subject was agitated in almost every town meeting. Votes were 
passed and then rescinded as the opposite parties happened to be in the majority. In March, 1761, 
" at a very full and public meeting, it was voted and argued that the said lands, granted by said letters 
patent to lie for a parsonage, be equally divided in quantity and quality, exclusive of the improvements 
made thereon, among said three societies or congregations." Bethuel Pierson and five others were 
"appointed agents to divide and allot said lands to said societies and to apply to the Governor, Council 
and General Assembly to confirm the same by law." In this committee those who lepresented the old 
Society refused to act and the trustees of the Society entcretl their protest on the record, thus frustrat- 
ing the measure and prolonging the strife. 

In 1784 the animosity was quieted by a compromise, the new societies receiving a dividend of the 
lands but holding them under lease as tenants-at-will. " We find the above date (1784)," says Rev. Mr. 
Hoyt, " in an original paper preserved by the trustees of this parish from which, and other papers in 
their possession, wc gather also the following facts. The lease gi\en ' on or about May 10, 1784,' to be 
continued at will, was revoked by the Newark trustees, acting under instructions from the society, May 
20, 1797, thus reviving the controversy. In 1802 another conveyance was made, by lease of fifty-si.x 
acres lying between Newark and Orange, the terms of the lease being that it should be renewed 
at the end of each t\\ ent>'-one years, forever, the lessees paying an annual rent of sixpence if demanded. 
The lease was renewed in 1823, which was the only title the old society could give under the original 
grant. But having applied, in 1828, to the Legislature for a special act enabling them to convey the 
land in fee simple, such an act was passed and a deed of the said fifty-six acres was given to the Orange 
Society August 29, 1826, which settled all land controversy between the societies. The land, however, 
has long since ceased to be the property of the parish." 

Sale of Parish Lands Belonging to the First Presijv i eriax Church. In 1802, four 
years before Orange became a separate township, the Society of the First Church began to dispose of 
its property on Main Street for building lots, the interest to be appropriated towards the support of 
the gospel. Five lots north and eight lots south of the street were accordingly sold for the sum of 
three thousand five hundred and forty-six dollars, secured by bond and mortgage. The strip of ground 
already used for a "common," lying opposite the parsonage (which stood in what is now Grace Church 
grounds), was to be reserved for that purpose forever. The eight lots lay along the southern border of 
this, from Willow Hall east, anil contained a little over six acres. The common was for a special and 
patriotic use, as well as for the public convenience and for the adornment of the village. 

Orange Sloop. This was another " ecclesiastical enterprise " adopted by the First Presbyterian 
Church to produce a revenue and at the same time accommodate the members. The plan was to bu\- 
or build a vessel to be used for the benefit of the parish, and run it between Newark, N. J., and Albany, 
N. Y., stopping at intermediate ports. The money was raised by subscription, and the parish was to 
receive one-third of the profits from each trip. The sloop was built in Newark and made many 
successful trips, the income from this source amounting to from forty to si.xty pounds sterling each year. 
The property was subsequently sold and the proceeds applied to the church building fund. 

Disintegk.'vtion of the Mother Church and the Formation of New Churches. Rev. 
James Hoyt, in his History of the First Presbyterian Church, of Orange, referring to the movements 
which were begun in 1825 for the organization of a church of another denomination, said: "Yet the 
population of Orange, until this period, adhered so generally to the doctrines and polity of the Presby- 



Tin; Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 139 

tcrian Cluircli that no movement was made to collect a congre<iation on any otiier basis. Persons who 
belonged to other communions or were drawn to them either went to Newark to worship or consented 
to forego their preferences. It speaks much for the vitality of our system, that it struck its life .so deep 
and maintained its growth so long without decay and without division. It was guarded and fostered 
by no State patronage; it was planted in a field open to the freest competition, yet it held the ground 
almost unquestioned for a century. Evidently it had taken deep root in the convictions and affections 
of a free, intelligent and bible-loving people. An established church may be held up by the civil arm. 
* * * The Presbyterian churches of New Jersey borrowed no strength from these sources. They 
claimed no exclusive commission from God. They had no captivating ceremonies. They had neither 
monarchy nor hierarchy in their favor. The Church of England sympathies of the Provincial Govern- 
ment were long against them. Whence came their vigorous life? What gave them so long and so 
strong a position in the intellects and hearts of men trained to piety and thought and freedom? The 
question is not asked invidiously or boastfully. We would gratefully honor the goodness of God and 
we shall be pardoned for calling attention to the favor He has bestowed on a church we venerate, by 
those, at least, who know our cordial fellowship with others, drawing their creed and life from the 
Everlasting Word. * * * 

" The coincidence may here be noted that the First Church cxiiilnted at tliis time tite largest member- 
ship it has ever enrolled. It reported in 1827 more than si.x lumdred communicants. It had grown to 
repletion. The population of the parish was increasing. There was a demand for more laborers; the 
Lord of the harvest sent them. * * * 

" The process of disintegration had now fairly begun. The rock which had received no visible 
fracture from the wear and friction and civil agitations of a hundretl years, was beginning to part. Each 
fragment, as it fell, helped to dislodge another. The spirit of religious enterprise was contagious. The 
old church was to become the mother of tivo daughters, to be henceforth nursed at her side. 

"Two colonies were planted in the spring and summer of 183 1. The earliest was in March, when 
one hundred and eighteen members, accompanied by the junior pastor, were dismissed to be organized 
as the Second Presbyterian Church. * * * 

"In May of the same year twenty-nine members were dismissed, who, on the 13th of June, were 
constituted as a Presbyterian Church, at South Orange. -'^ * * 

" The two new societies considering themselves entitled to a share of the fund belonging to this 
parish, it was agreed that they ' should receive and enjoy two-sevenths each of this fund belonging 
to the First Congregation, at the expiration of the existing contract with Dr. HilK-er.' It is not known 
what amounts- were distributed under this arrangement, but they are said to have been 'inconsiderable.' " 

Brick Presbyterian Church,* of East Orange, formerly known 
as the Second Presbyterian Church, of Orange, corner of Main and Prospect 
Streets. This was the first child of the mother church and began with a 
strong membership under the most favorable auspices. Religious meetings 
had been held in this neighborhood for a long time and the population was 
gradually increasing. The time was ripe for a new church organization and 
instead of first forming a separate society, the enterprise sprang into exist- 
ence at once by the action of members of the old church, residents of this 
locality, who adopted measures for the erection of a new church edifice and 
then proceeded to organize a separate church. 

A meeting was held at the white school-house on March 30, 1S30, by 
members favorable to the project and a resolution adopted stating " that 



f^sr-^ 




- 1 HKICK rlU'KCH. 



*This received the name of Brick Church from llie fact tliat it was not only the first but for many years the only brick 
church in Orange, and the D. L. iS: W. R. R. Company subsequently gave this name to the station which they located 
near the church. 



140 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



the time had arrived wlien it is expedient to erect a Second Presbyterian Churcli in Orange and that 
we proceed to build without delay." I'his new movement had the encouragement and support of 
nearly all tlie people residing in the eastern part of Orange, without regard to denomination. A society 
was formed on April 30, just a month after the first meeting, and the following Board of Trustees 
elected, \'iz.: William Williams, Peter Campbell, Samuel Condit, Allen Dodd, Caleb Baldwin, Lewis 
Dodd and Adonijah Osmun. A Building Committee was also appointed consisting of Aaron Peck, 
Dr. William Pierson, Andrew W. Condit, Samuel M. Dodd and Lewis Williams, Jr. At the same 
meeting a unanimous call was extended to Rev. George Pierson, at that time assistant pastor of the 
First Presbyterian Church. 

A sufficient sum was raised, and the site selected was the present one on the corner of Main and 
Prospect Streets and building operations began at once. The corner-stone was laid August 5, 1830, 
by Rev. Asa Hillyer, D. D., of the First Church, and an address made by Rev. George Pierson. The 
building went forward, the congregation acting with great unanimity and harmony. On Wednesday, 
y\pril 20, 1831, the basement was completed and the male members met at the white school-house to 
adopt necessary measures to organize a church. Dr. Isaac Pierson was chosen chairman. Application 
was made to the Newark Presbytery, which was about to assemble at Bloomfield. 

On Thursday evening, April 26, 1831, a meeting of the congregation was held in the basement of 
the church. Rev. Asa Hillyer, D. D., and Rev. Samuel Fisher, D. D., were present to represent the 
Presbytery. Ninety-seven persons presented letters of dis- 
mission from the First Presbyterian Church, of Orange and 
one from the P'irst Presbyterian Church, of Hanover, and 
with this number the church was duly organized as tiie 
Second Presbyterian Church, of Orange. Twenty additional 
members who had been dismissed from the First Church 
joined soon after. 

Rev. George Pierson was installed as the first pastor 
November 15. 1831, and the following officers were elected: 
Elders.— Martin P. Powles, Allen Dotld, Amos W. Condit, 
Calvin Dodd, Levi Lothrop, Jotham Hedden, Abraham P. 
Marsh. Peter Campbell and Aaron Peck were elected later. 
Deacons. — John Nicol, Ailonijah Osmun and J'eter Camp. 
Rev. George Pierson was released from the pastorate at 
his own request on May 7, 1833, and on May 7. 1835, Re\'. 
Henry ^Vxtill was installed as his successor. He continueil 
until April 18, 1837, when the relations were dissolved at 
his request. During his pastorate the parsonage on the 
corner of William and llill\xr Streets was built. 

On October 12, 1837, Rev. Joseph H. Gallagher, a 
licentiate under the care of the Newark Presbytery, was 
ordained and at the same time installed as pastor of this 

church. He remained until April, 16, 1850, when he resigned, owing to failing health. His successor 
was Rev. John Crowell, who was installed by the Presbytery of Newark August 21, 1850, continuing 
until 1863. 

Rev. J. II. Taylor was installed as pastor November 18, 1863. Three years after this, in 1866, 
the total membership of the church was 385, and of the Sabbath School, 340. The fiscal year ending 
April I, 1 866, showed the total contributions for regular expenses, missions, etc., §9,245.42. Dr. Taylor 
resigned January 24, 1868, and Rev. George E. Adams was appointed a supply for three months. 

Rev. Henry F. Hickok, D. D., was installed as pastor April 22, 1869, and the result of his labors 
were soon apparent. The church grew in numbers and in spiritual interest. At the close of the fiscal 




IIKICK PRESBYTERIAN fill Ki M. EAST ORANGE. 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 141 

year in April, 1871, the total collections amounted to Si3.S46.'-)6, and the church membership at this 
time was 320. After three years of earnest effort Dr. Hickok, owing to failing health, was obliged to 
give up his charge and resigned in October, 1872. He was succeeded in December following by Rev. 
George S. Bishop, who remained until April, 1875. when he, with about one hundred and thirty 
members, withdrew to organize the First Reformed (Dutch) Church, of East Oran"e. 

Although still in poor health Dr. Hickok was recalled and entered more earnestly than ever upon 
the work of building up the church. His efTorts were crowned with success and when he clo.sed his 
pastorate at the beginning of 1895, the total number of communicants was over four hundred. At his 
own request, owing to his continued failing health, Dr. Hickok dissolved his connection as pastor on 
December 17, 1895, and the church voted to constitute him Pastor Emeritus, at a salary of $1,200 per 
annum, and on Sunday, January 27, 1895, the pulpit was declared vacant. Temporary supplies were 
had until July i, 1895, when Rev. Alexander N. Carson, D. D., began his work as pastor elect, having 
been called by a congregational meeting luld June 10. I h- was regularly installed as pastor in 
September following. 

The title of the "Second Presbyterian Church, of Orange," was legally retained by this organiza- 
tion as late as 1890, although it hatl long been known as "Brick Church." When the division of the 
Oranges took place and East Orange was erected as a separate township, this church was found to be 
within the territory of the latter, and it led to no little confusion when the Munn Avenue Presbyterian 
Church adopted the title of the " First Presbyterian Church, of East Orange," thereby creating the 
impression that the latter anti-dated the former. Accordingly, a resolution was adopted at a parish 
meeting held April 20, 1890, changing the name of the Second Presbyterian Church, of Orange, to that 
of Brick Presbyterian Church, of East Orange. 

In 1878 the church edifice was remodelled and enlarged at an expense of about eighteen thousand 
dollars. Other additions and improvements have been made since that time and the total valuation of 
the property held by this society now amounts to about $50,000. Both the church and Sunday .school 
are now in a flourishing condition. The total number of communicants on April i, 1895, was 414, and 
teachers, officers and scholars of the Sabbath School numbered 223. From April i, 1894. to Ajjril 1, 
1895, the total contributions for all purposes amounted to $14,489.00. The Superintendent of the 
Sabbath School is Malcolm B. Cole, and his associate, E. P. Ogden. 

P"our auxiliary societies are maintained by this church, each of which is fully equipped and well 
managed. These are: The Ladies' Benevolent Society. — President, Mrs. Mary W. Dwight ; Vice-Presi- 
dent, Lucilla C. Cole ; Treasurer, Miss Ginerva Freeman ; Secretary, Miss Eleanor B. Stephenson. 
Young Ladies Society. — President, Mrs. James B. Dill; Vice-Presidents, Miss Jennie V. N. Dodd, Miss 
E\a A. Underbill ; Secretary, Miss Alice M. Coburn ; Treasurer, Miss Cornelia A.Smith. Heart and 
llaiul Society. — President, Miss Eleanor Clark; Vice-President, Miss Bertha Ailing; Secretary, Miss 
Helen Freeman ; Treasurer, Miss Jennie S. Ailing. Young Peo[)Ie's Christian Union. — President, J. H. 
P'ountain ; \'ice-President, H. G. Taylor; Secretarj-, Miss Carrie Baldwin; Treasurer, Miss Mabel 
Williams. 

The present officers of the church are: Ruling Elders. — Henry H. Ward, clerk; James Baker, 
Robert T. Underbill, Malcom B. Cole, David Strachan, H. Frank Pierson, Treasurer. Deacons. — Charles 
E. Herring, Daniel S. Rice, Alfred Duff, Israel C. Shaylor, Thomas G. Harri.son. Trustees. — Hamilton 
Wallis, President; O.Emmons Condit, Treasurer ; David .Strachan, Secretary ; Clarence H. Kelsey, 
Charles Wiley, Israel C. Shaylor. 

Rev. Henry P'RANKI.IN Hickok, I). D.. Rev. Mr. Hickok's pastorate of the Ikick Church covers 
an important period in its history and to his faithful, earnest efforts, under divine Providence, is due its 
continued prosperity and usefulness amid adverse circumstances that for a time threatened its very 
existence. His Connecticut ancestors were firm believers in the motto inscribed on the Arms of the 
State — " Qui iranstulit sustinet " — and he became the chosen instrument to sustain this struggling church 
which was the direct outgrowth of the one established b\- the Connecticut colonists at Newark, in 1666. 



142 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

The first mention of the name of Hickok or Hickox is found in the history of Waterbury, Conn. 
The name is said to be of Welsh origin. Samuel Hickox was one of the thirty who signed the petition 
to the General Court of Connecticut, October 6, 1673, for a new plantation to be located at Waterbury. 
He was one of the assignees of the first Indian deed, and is named in the Proprietor's lists. He was 
called "Sergeant" as early as 1686. When the train band was organized after the resumption of the 
colonial government under the charter, he was appointed Sergeant and was ever afterwards known as 
" Sergeant Samuel Hickox." In the original petition referred to, the name was spelled "Samuel hacox." 
Two of Samuel's sons, Joseph and Benjamin, moved to Woodbury, Conn. 

Joseph, son of Samuel, of Waterbury, Conn , married Ruth Fairchild, of Woodbury, and had issue, 
Samuel, baptized 1687; Ruth, Stephen, Eunice. 

Samuel, eldest son of Joseph and Rutli (Fairchild) Hickok, had by his wife Helen , six children 

the youngest of whom was Nathan. 

Nathan, youngest son of Samuel and Ellen ( ) Hickok, was born in Woodbury, Conn., April, 

1726. He married Eunice Hurd, and had issue, Gideon, Nathan, Reuben, Funis, Rhoda, Gideon again, 
Truman, Concurrence, David and Molly. 

Rueben Hickok, third child of Nathan and Eunice (Hurd) Hickok, was born in Woodbury, June 23, 
1753. He married Sily Easton and removed to Vermont, then a part of Massachusetts. He had, 
among other children, a son, Austin. 

Austin Hickok, son of Reuben and Sily (Easton) Hickok, was born in Massachusetts. He 
married, first, Polly Hinman; second, Roxana Cook. Her mother was a Mallory, a descendant of the 
Woodbury, Conn., family of that name. By his second wife he had issue, Henry Franklin Hiekok. 

Rev. Henr}' Franklin Hickok, D. D., son of Austin and Ro.xana (Cook) Hickok, was born in New- 
Haven, Vt., Februar)' 29, 1832. He attended the village school and was one year at the High School 
in Vergennes, Vt. He began teaching at the age of seventeen and in 1S58 went to Rochester where 
his brother, Milo J. Hickok, was pastor of the Central Presbyterian Church. He lived in his brother's 
family while attending the preparatory school of the University of Rochester. He entered the 
University of Rochester in 1852 and graduated as one of the honor men in 1856. He graduated from 
Princeton Theological Seminary in 1859. His first charge was the Presbyterian church at Sandy Hill, 
N. Y., to which he was called six months before his graduation. He had, at the same time, charge of 
the church at Fort Edward, an adjoining town, and continued to supply the two churches for ten years. 
The rapid growth of the Fort Edward Church necessitated the service of a separate pastor who could 
devote his whole time to the work. As neither church was willing to part with him he resigned from 
both, the way out of tile difficulty being opened to him C[uite unexpectedly in another direction. In 
1869 he was invited to preach in the Brick Church, at East Orange. He was a total stranger in the 
community, and the unhappy condition of the church at that time rendered his acceptance of a call 
highly improbable. A call was extended to him, however, and after careful consideration was accepted. 
The people soon became united and perfect harmony was restored. About this time some fifty members 
who had a strong leaning to Congregationalism, withdrew and organized a Congregational church, this act 
having the entire approval of the new pastor. Dr. Hickok was earnest in his efforts to build up and 
strengthen his own church, aiul during his first pastorate of four years there was a steady increase in 
membership. 

Dr. Hickok's failing healtii necessitated a change of climate and, niucli to the regret of his people, 
he resigned his pastoiate in 1873 and accepted a call from the Central Presbyterian Church, of Auburn, 
N. Y. He was succeeded at the Brick Church bj- the Rev. George S. Bishop who remained there till 
1875, when the division took place which resulted in the formation of the First Reformed Church, 
East Orange, leaving the Brick Church in a badly crippled condition. The remaining members 
naturally turned to their old pastor with a firm belief in his ca]Kicit\- to restore the church to its former 
condition, and in this they were not disap[)ointetl. Although his health was not fully restored, he 
yielded to the earnest solicitations of his old friends and returned to his former pastorate. The church 



The Founders and Ruit.ders of the Oranges. 143 

fully regained its ground and became strong numerically and financially. During Dr. Hickok's pastorate 
of twenty-five years, five churches have been organized in this locality all of which have drawn to a 
considerable extent from this .society. But withal, the Brick Church has maintained a steady growth, 
due largely to the personal influence of its pastor. The children whom he baptized in infancy grew up 
around him and became his most faithful and earnest supporters. The members of this church are 
among the most influential men in the community and are noted for their liberality. Shortly before he 
severed his connection with this churcli he was presented with a purse of several hundred dollars. 
Regarding his connection with this interest it may be said of him, "his lines have fallen unto him in 
pleasant jjlaces and he has enjoyed a goodly heritage." 

On December 15, 1894, Dr. llickok, owing to his continueil failing health, tendered his resignation, 
saying: "It is not with me a matter of choice but of neccssit}', and necessity has no respect for any 
human instinct or relation, and if consistent with the Divine will I should never wish to leave this 
congregation. It would be my choice to preach the gospel here to the end, but in the ordering of 
God's good providence this cannot be. * * * The simple fact and the onl)' one that has determined 
me this to take step is this — I have come into such a physical condition that I am incapacitated for the 
work of the ministry. I have no strength of body to meet thjB necessary requirements of my office, 
and this can mean nothing else except that God does not wish me to occupy this place any longer." 

Dr. Hickok's resignation was accepted and in recognition of his long and faithful service the church 
made generous provision for his support during the remainder of his life, and in the spring of 1895 he 
severed his connection with this church and retired to the home of his daughter, at Vergennes, Vt. As 
a speaker, Dr. Hickok is logical, forceful and impressive, and has a power of expression which crystalizes 
his ideas into the most incisive and vigorous phrase. As a pastor, he was sympathetic, tender and kind, 
and equally attentive to his whole flock ; to the rich antl poor he was a loving friend and faithful 
adviser. By his marriage with Elizabeth T. Cleaver, daughter of Hervy Cleaver, Esq., of Saratoga 
Springs, he had six children, viz.: Henry Addison, Edward Judson, Frederick Cleaver, M. D., Mary 
Bell, Grace Elizabeth and William Hyatt, D. D. S. 

First Presbyterian Church, South Orange, junction of South Orange and Irvington Avenues. 
This church was not duly organized until about two months after that of the Second Presbyterian 
Church, of Orange, now known as Brick Church, yet it e.xisted as a religious body many j-ears previous 
and as a Society about the same as that of Brick Church. It owes its existence to the efforts of Rev. 
Dr. Hillyer, and for many years was one of the most important outlying districts of his parish. 

Soon after the erection of the Columbia school-house, the second story was fitted up by a subscrip- 
tion from citizens who recognized the advantage of securing a public hall. In this room Dr. Hillyer 
organized a week-day bible class which he taught once every week for many years. About 18 19 or 1820 
a Sabbath School was organized which for a time held sessions in summer only. Later, a prayer 
meeting was started at five o'clock Sunday afternoons and this finally led to an effort on the part of 
church members living in this locality to have weekly evening prayer meetings, as will be seen by 
the following : 

At a meeting of the Columbian School Association, held at the house of 1^. Harrison on the evening of January 23, 1828. 
Moses Lindsley was chosen chairman and J. T. Squier secretary, when the following resolutions were passed : 

1st. That David Brown be paid six cents each evening he may furnish wood to warm the room with for the purpose of 
religious worship, from the first of January last to the first of April next ensuing. 

2d. That Samuel McCormac be paid one shilling for each evening he rings the bell, lights and warms the house for the 
purpose of religious worship, and likewise for performing all other duties as se.Mon, until the first of April ne.xt ensuing. 

3d That for the purpose of raising a fund to pay these expenses. Resolved, that a collection be taken up each and every 
evening the house may be opened for religious worship, and that John Brown be appointed to receive the collections. 



144 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 




FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, SOUTH ORANGE. 



About the same time Mr. Granger, a young licentiate engaged in teaching in Bloomfield, was hired 
for a year to preach twice on the Sabbath and lecture once on a week day. Actual steps toward the 

formation of a new church in South 
Orange followed soon after this. On 
the evening of April 5, 1831, a meet- 
ing "of the male inhabitants of South 
Orange" was held at the Columbia 
school house, of which Peter Peck 
was moderator and Ira Taylor secre- 
tary, at which it was 

"Rcso/vt'(/. That the time has now 
come when we will make an effort to 
become a separate church : also 

"Rfsohrif, That a committee of 
three persons be appointed to wait 
on Dr. Hillyer and the session of the 
old church in Orange, and inform 
them of our determination and ask 
their assent to our being set off as a 
separate church." 

Public notice was then gi\en of 
a meeting of "the Religious Society 
in South Orange," to be held on the 
1 8th of the same month, for the purpose of choosing trustees. At this meeting the committee 
appointed to wait on the session of the Orange church reported that their mission had been unsuccess- 
ful. Regardless of this, however, the following board of trustees was elected, viz.: Job*Crowell, 
Jonathan T. Squier, John Ball, Thomas D. Kilburn. Edwin Gray. Moses Lindsley and Joseph B. Ball. 
These trustees failed to qualify until eight days after the organization of the church. Moses Lindsley 
was then elected president and J. T. Squier, secretary. 

Having failed with the mother church, the infant societ\' determined to take their case directly 
before the Presb\tery, and on April 26, Samuel Freeman and Aaron C. Beach were chosen commis- 
sioners for this ])urpose. Presbytery heard their request and sent a committee with instructions to 
make investigation and, if deemed expedient, to organize a church. On Monday, June 13. i83i,this 
committee, which consisted of Rev. John P"ord, of Parsippany, and the Rev. Baxter Dickinson and 
Philip C. Hay, of Newark, met the citizens at the school-house, Mr. F"ord presiding and Mr. Hay acting 
as secretary, and after a sermon from Mr. Dickinson, proceeded to satisfy themselves that there was the 
material here for the formation of a new church, and the determination for its support ; whereupon, 
twenty-nine members — eight males and twenty-one females — presented letters of dismission from the 
Orange church, and having assented to the Confession of Faith of the Presbyterian Church and entered 
into covenant one with another, were thus constituted the First Presbyterian Church of South Orange, 
in the Township of Orange. Elder Samuel Freeman, a grandson of Deacon Samuel F"rceman, and 
who had been an elder in the parent church, was elected the first elder of the new church and in 
addition, John Ball and Aaron C. Beach. None of the original elders continued long to aid in building 
up the infant church. Elder Beach received a letter of dismission to the church in Yale College 
whither he went to fit himself for the ministry. Elder Freeman was remo\ed by ileath in 1835, and 
Elder Ball in 1838. 

Rev. Cyrus Gildersleeve, a native of South Orange, tlien living in Bli)omheId, served the church as 
a stated supply for two years until May, 1833. He was well advanced in years and too infirm to 
continue the work. 



THK FoUNDKRS and lUWI.DKRS OF THE ORANGES. 145 

Ki\'. Hor.icc Doolittlc scrvcil the cluiich as a st.itcd siqiply iDr one year, wlien lie was regularly 
installed as jj.istor on a salary of §400 annually with firewood and the use of the parsonage. The 
l)uil(liii;4 (if the par-onage-refcrred to was started in 1833. The land was purchased for $123 an acre, 
the total cost of house and lot being about §2,000 This parsonage was removed at a later jieriod and 
a new one built. During Mr. Doolittle'.s pastorate of si.x years there were thirt\'-one additions to the 
church membership. He was a strong Calvinist of the old school type and it was about this time, 1S37, 
that the Presbyterian Church was divided into the old and new .school. The Presbytery of Newark 
went entire into the new school church, carrying this church with it. While Mr. Doolittle made no 
opposition to the movement, it is supposed that this had something to do with his leaving. He was 
tlismissed from the pastoral charge April 7, 1839. 

Rev. George Hulin, a licentiate, supplied the pulpit for about nine months and on J.muar)- 21, 1840, 
Kc\-. Joseph Vance was installed as pastor. His was a pastorate of great earnestness and power. 
Plain, childlike, loving-hearted, spiritual, seeking nothing of the people but their souls ; poor, yet living 
by faith without anxiety for the morrow, saying often that if he had ten cents he was rich, ready to 
give to every one that had need; loving flowers, loving children and confided in by them; a fearless 
preacher and a strong apostle of temperance at a time when such doctrines were not at all popular. 
It was during his pastorate that efforts were commenced for the erection of a church edifice. For 
eleven years the little school-house hall was the only place of meeting. On March 15, 1841, a resolution 
to build a ciuuch was adopted. Mr. Samuel Brown donated the land for the building, wliich was 
valued at S300. A frame building was erected on the present site, the total cost being §3,250. It 
contained about eighty pews and had a seating capacity of four hundred. Those who subscribed a 
sufficient amount recci\cd deeds of pews in the cluirch and the revenue was in part raised after that 
time bj- assessment upon the value of these pews. Rev. Mr. Vance closed his labors with this church 
in 1S44, and during his four years' pastorate thirty-seven united with the church. 

Rev. Daniel G. Sprague, a native of Killingly, Conn., was installed as pastor Deccmb.^r 26, 1844. 
He had preached for a time in the far West, also at Hampton and Colchester, Conn. It is said of him 
that he was kind, courteous, always dignified and gentlemanlj- in bearing, a clear-headed and well- 
equipped theologian of deep and thorough religious experience. He was wholly con.secrated to his 
work and built up the church steadily during his long pastorate of more than fifteen years. As the 
result of his labors, one hundred and nineteen were added to the church. In April, 1S60, at his own 
request, he was released from pastoral responsibilities and retired from the active duties of the ministrj-, 
being then si.xty-four years of age. From pastor, he became parishioner. His successor said of him : 
" He was one of the most lovable of old men and from the first aided me and cooperated with me in a 
spirit of Christian love." 

His successor was Rev. J. A. Maxwell, who was ordained and installed September 27, i860. When 
Mr. Vance came to the church, in 1839, ^^^ found a session of four elders — Peter Peck, Daniel Beach, 
Ira Taylor and J. S. Brown. When Mr. Maxwell came, twenty-one years afterward, he found the same 
session, no change having taken place during that time. By the reunion of the old school and the new 
.school churches, in 1870, the Pre.sbyterial relations of this church, which from its organization had 
belonged to the Presbytery of Newark, were changed and it was enrolled in the Presbytery of Morris 
and Orange, to which it still belongs Mr. .Maxwell's was a difficult task but he proved himself equal 
to it. Previous to this time, this cinirch was simply a village church where everybody knew everybody, 
but the fair prospect and healthful air of the mountainside began to attract a new class of residents 
and to unite the two elements and maintain harmony was no easy matter, but Mr. Maxwell, in speaking 
of his own work, said : " .Mine was a happ>- pastorate. I never knew what it was to have an 
unpleasantness from the first day onward to the end." One hundred and sixty-two were added to the 
church during his pastorate which came to a close June 9, 1871. after a period of eleven years. 

His successor. Rev. John H. Worcester, began his labors January 10. 1872. continuing until 
December 21, 1882. Soon after he began his labors the Mission Sunday School at Vailsburg was 



14^ Thk Founders anI) Rini.DKKs of the Oranges. 

establisheti (May. 1874), to which the Misses Kilbuin coiUrilnitcd §2,000 for the building of a chapel 
On June 13, 1881, the fiftieth anniversary of the organization of this cliurch was observed with 
appropriate services. Two of the former pastors, Rev. Josepli Vance, of Erie, I'a., and Rev. J. A. 
Maxwell, of Titusville, Pa., were present and took part in the services. Two of the three original 
members were also present and thirty of those who worshipjsed with the congregation the first year of 
its organization were present and occupied the front pews. At the evening service, after the reading of 
the scripture by the Rev. E. Mix, D. D., and prayer by the Rev. Joseph Vance, a sermon was preached 
by the Rev. J. Allen Maxwell, and a paper recalling '"Memoirs of Fifty Years Ago," prepared by Elder 
Moses A. Peck, who was prevented by illness from being present, was read by Elder Daniel Wilson, after 
which the greeting of the parent church, the First Church of Orange, was presented on behalf of its 
session, by Rev. E. Mi.x, D D., the late pastor. 

Rev. John R. Fisher was called to the pastorate of this church January 14. 1884, continuing until 
May I, 1S93. In 1892, sLxty-five members were dismissed from this church and organized Trinity 
Presbyterian Church, of South Orange. 

Rev. George L. Spinning, D D., the present incumbent, began his work as pastor-elect December 
1, 1893, but was not installed until May 2, 1895. The congregation continued to worship in the old 
frame building until 1880. A movement was made that year for the erection of a new house of 
worship, and the sum of §20.000 was raised for that purpose. The old frame building was remo\cd and 
the present beautiful brown stone edifice was erected on the original site. This was not completed until 
1895. The total cost was about §35,000. The seating capacity of the main building is about 650. 
The present membership of the church is 2S0 ; that of the Sunday School, including officers, teachers 
and scholars, is 220. The following persons have filled the several positions since the organization of 
the church: Ruling Elders. — Samuel Freeman, 1831-1835; John Ball, 1831-1838; Aaron C. Beacli, 
1831-1853; I'eter Peck, 1832-1865; Daniel Beach, 1832-1862; Ira Taylor, 1835-1885; John Smith 
Brown, 1835,1893; Daniel Freeman Ball, 1861-1869; Moses A. Peck, i86i-i>S82; Aaron B. Brown, 
1867-1889; Daniel J. Sprague, 1867-1872; Joseph L. Tainter, 1867-18S1; Edward E. Francis, 
1875-1887; Daniel Wilson, 1875-1887; James W. Conrow, 1882-1889; Edward IJ. Shepherd, 1882-1888; 
Jacob B. Maxwell, June 10, 1883, still in ofifice; George S. Garrison, 1885-1893; Thomas P. Mulligan, 
1886-1888; William H. Tweddell, 1887-1889; Edwin Stewart, 1888-1891: William H. Stevenson, 
June 24, 1889, still in office; David C.Allen, June 24. 1889. still in ofifice; P. K. Wilson, 1890-1893; 
William II. Nichols, June 22, 1890, still in office; John \'. P. Schanck, June 14, 1891, still in ofifice; 
Elliott H. Whitlock, 1893-1894; Francis B. Salisbury, June 9, 1895, still in ofifice. Deacons — Samuel 
Freeman, 1832-1835 ; John Ball, 1832-1838; Peter Peck, 1838-1865; Job Crowell, 1838-1854; Ira 
Taylor, 1854-1885; Ira T. Freeman, 1867-1877; Frederick W. Newton. 1867-1874: W. J. Chandler, 
1877-1892; Andrew B. Hutchinson, 1886-1890; David C. Allen. January 20, 1886, still in office; David 
Scull, 1887-1892; J. L. Kitchell, June 14, 1891, still in office; Samuel E.Young, June 26, 1892, still 
in office. 

First Pkesbyterian Ciil'kcii, ok East Orange, corner of .Munn Avenue and Main Street. 
The religious movement which formed the nucleus of this church and society began w ith a Sunday 
School as early as 1824, and was the first organized effort in this direction outside of the First Presby- 
terian Church of Orange. Sunday School services were held for some )ears in private houses and 
parents were glad to avail themselves of this opportunity to place their children under religious 
instruction. Among those who were prominent in the management of this work at the beginning, 
were Abram R. Marsh, Levi Lathrop, Aaron Peck and Ira Canficld. After the completion of the 
Eastern school-hou.se, in 1830, the use of it on Sundays was obtained for the Sunday School. Henry 
Ball was then the superintendent. He was succeeded by Henry Pierson in 1834, who conducted it 
successfully for sixteen years. In 1850, Samuel E.Jones became superintendent and continued until 
the new movement for a church was begun. Weekly prayer meetings were held for several years and 



Tin: Founders and I^uilukrs of the Oranges. 



■47 



as the population increased it became evident that the time was ripe for a new cluircli organization. 
Efforts were begun in this direction earl\- in 1S63, and on June 9 of that year a meeting of tlie citizens 
favorable to the new enterprise was held at the Eastern District school-house. At this meeting the site 
of a church edifice was decided upon and a committee was appointed to arrange for tlie organization 
of a church society to be called the First Presbyterian Church, of East Orange. A committee 
was also appointed to take the necessary steps for the election of trustees. 

On June 24 followin;^, a meeting of tlie congregation was held in the school-house above referred 
to and the Presbyter\- of Newark was represented by Rev. John Croweil, Rev. James Hoyt and Rev. 
Charles T. ilalsey. Fift\-se\en persons presented letters of dismissal from other churches and became 
the constituent members of the new church organization. Henry Pierson, Jotham Hedden and Samuel 
C. Jones were elected elders. On July 6, a Board of Trustees was elected consisting of Jotham Hedden, 
John M. Randall, J. O. Munn, Daniel F. Colie and Fernando Crane. Steps were taken at once for the 
erection of a church edifice on the present site, which had already been secured. A Building 
Committee was appointed of which Mr. J. M. Randall was chairman. Although not a member of the 
church Mr. Randall was one of the most active in the movement to organize the church and in raising 
funds to carry forward the work of building. He solicited (mm his friends in this locality and in 
various parts of the countr\', and obtained 
nearly §10,000 in subscriptions. A large, fine 
edifice of brown stone in the Gothic style of 
architecture was erected which, at the time, was 
prob<ibly the finest church in all the Oranges. 

The first pastor of the ciuirch was Rev. 
Fergus Lafayette Kenyon, a young man just 
out of the seminary. He began his pastorate 
August 2, 1864. He was de\-otcd to the work 
and did good service. As the church grew in 
numbers it was deemed advisable to secure a 
man of larger experience, and on April 24, 
1867, Rev. Charles Smith, D. 1)., a man of 
ripe years and large experience was installed 
as pastor, continuing until May 9, 1S72. He 
was succeeded December 20, 1872, by Rev. 
Julius L Danner, a man of eminent piel\- and 
learning, who aroused the church to greater 

activit)- and religious zeal. He continued for six }ears and four months, until April 8, 1879, '""-' <-'i"''ig 
this time he did effective uork and the cliurch increased in numbers and influence. 

Rev. Simon J. McPherson, a young man fre->li from I'rinceton Theological .Seminary, began his 
pastorate here September 24, 1879, and was dismissed October 12. 1S82, when he was called to the 
Second Presbyterian Church, in Chicago, one of the strongest of this denomination in the West. His 
loss was greatly felt and the cluucii was for nearly two years without a pastor. 

Rev. J. H. Whitehead was installed as pastor July 1. 18S4. He had previously been in the Dutch 
Reformed Church and after about a year's pastorate t)f this church he resigned and was succeeded by 
Rev. James M. Ludlow, D. D., who was installed March 12, 1886. 

No dissensions or divisions liave ni, irked the history of this church. It has been one of steady 
growth and has gathered in the strongest elements in the community. During the pastorate of Dr. 
Ludlow it has risen to a still higher plane and is without doubt one of the strongest and most prosperous 
churches in the County, and ranks high in the denomination throughout the State. It has continued 
to maintain a large and successful Sunday School and established many years ago one of the most 
successful mission interests in the Oranges, viz.: The Elmwood Chapel. In 1876 the church was 




IIKM I'KESHV 1 K.KIAN LHIKLH. K.\5 T i.K.VNGK. 



148 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

enlaro-ed by adding to the sides and building a new lecture room, the amount expended being $39,537.24. 
A second enlaro-ement of the main auditorium was made in the spring of 1888 at an expense of 
§29,701.28. In 1S89 the Elmwood Chapel was built, at an expense of $8,561.97. The total valuation 
of the church property is now about $100,000. 

The total number of members received since the organization of the church to January i, 1896, is 
1,300. The present membership is 750. The present ofificers are: Elders. — George W. Fortmeyer, 
Samuel Burnham, William G. Thoma.s, William H. Harper, William Baigree, Dr. Charles A. Groves, 
William J. Hiss. Clerk of Session, Samuel Burnham. Deacons. — Josiah B. McCoy, Charles W. 
Bridgeman, Robert Burnett, Theron Rockwell, Charles A. Trowbridge, Da\id K. Downer, Edward C. 
Adams. James M. Dewar. 

Rev. James Meeker Ludlow. 1). D., L. H. D. Dr. Ludlow is a thoroughbred American. On 
his father's side he traces his descent from one of the earlier settlers of Southampton, L. L, about 1650. 
On his mother's side, from one of the founders of Elizabeth, N. J. The name of William Ludlow 
does not appear on the list of Southampton townsmen in May, 1649, but his sons' are on that of 1657. 
He came from Matlock, a village in Derbyshire, England. His will is the first one recorded in the 
New York colonial records. The name of Ludlow was generally written Ludlam down to about the 
time of the Revolutionary War. 

Joseph, a son or grandson of William Ludlow, settled at Cape May, N. J., after 1675. 

Obadiah Ludlam, probably a grandson of William, came from Long Island and settled in W'estfield. 
They had one child, Obadiah. 

Obadiah Ludlam, Jr., son of Obadiah Ludlam, married Phcbe Marsh, of Wcstfield, and had issue, 
ten children, the eighth of whom was JoscpJi. 

Joseph Ludlow, son of Obadiah and Phebe (Marsh) Ludlam, was born December 17, 1779, lived 
on Stony Hill and was an elder in the Presbyterian Church. He married Betsy Morehouse and had 
issue, Aaron, Ezra, Amos, Smith, Hannah and Joseph. 

Ezra Ludlow, son of Joseph and Betsy (Morehouse) Ludlow, was born in New Providence, N. J., 
in 1803. He married Deborah Crane, daughter of John Crane (of Caleb, Jonathan, Jasper, Jr., Jasper, 
Sr., the ancestor). They had issue, Levi Mulford, Francis. John Joseph, Erastus Darwin, died young, 
Erastus Darwin (2), William Edgar, George Watson, Janus Mccktr. 

Rev. James Meeker Ludlow, youngest child of Ezra and Deborah (Crane) Ludlow, was born at 
Elizabeth, N. J., March 15, 1841. He graduated from Princeton College in 1861 ; one year previous he 
delivered the Junior Oration. He graduated from Princeton Theological Seminary in 1864 and was at 
that time selected by the faculty of the college to deliver the Master's Oration. P'or several months 
he acted as assistant to Rev. Dr. David Magee, in the Second Presbyterian Church, of Elizabeth. In 
the autumn of 1864 he was called to his first pastorate, succeeding Rev John X. Campbell, at the First 
I'resbyterian Church, of Albany, N. Y. He remained there four years, and in the latter part of 1868 
he accepted a call to the Collegiate Reformed Church, New York City. The handsome, commodious 
edifice at Forty-eighth Street and Fifth Avenue was built during his eight years' service. He was 
highly esteemed by the members of this church and congregation, but a determination of the officers 
of the consistory to maintain the rotation system led to his resignation. 

His next charge, in 1877, was the Westminster Church at the corner of First Place and Clinton 
Street, Brooklyn, where he became verj- popular. During the trial of Rev. T. DeWitt Talmage. 
which occupied seven weeks. Dr. Ludlow acted as Moderator of the Presbytery. He presided with 
great dignity and impartiality during the entire session. His ruling that the admission of testimony 
should be governed by the same rules as prevailed in civil courts, tliougii vigorously combatted at the 
time, was sustained, and has .since been warmly commended. His rulings on various other points which 
came up in the trial showed great skill and discretion. In 1871 he was honored b\' Williams College 
with the title of D. I)., and no progressive, manly clergyman has ever worn his pulpit garb and parch- 
ment rank more modesth-. 



The Founders and Ri'ii.ders of the Oranges. i4y 

In 1881 Dr. Ludlow visited Europe, extending his tour to Egypt. Syria, Palestine, Turkey and 
Greece, being absent from iiome six months. On his return he gave several lectures descriptive 
of his journey which had supplied him with a vast fund of information and laid the foundation for his 
subsequent literary success. Westminster Church experienced a steady growth under his care. 
Eighteen thousand dollars of debt was paid off, while liberal contributions were made to home missions 
and the various boards of the church. 

In 1884 Dr Ludlow delivered the commencement address at Lafayette College, Easton, Pa. The 
following year he was offered the presidenc\- of Marietta College, in Ohio, which he declined. In 
January, 1S86, having accepted a call from the Munn .Avenue Presbyterian Church, of East Orange, he 
began his pastorate the same month and from this time forward the church has experienced a rapid 
growth, the number of communicants having increased from about four hundred to seven hundred 
during his pastorate. The church edifice has heen enlarged, at a cost nf over §34,000. witli a seating 
capacity of over [,000. A new organ — one of the largest in the State — has been added and a mission 
building erected at a cost of over §9,000. The various auxiliary societies, all of which are working in 
harmony with and under the pastor's direction, are in a flourishing condition. In addition to his local 
work as a pastor, Dr. Ludlow has been for many years a regular contributor to the various religious 
newspapers and periodicals. While his literary work has been largely of an ephemeral character, such 
as articles and reviews for periodicals, editorials and minor .special contributions, he has, in a permanent 
form, given to the reading public, in consecutive order, since 1883, the following volumes: "A Man for 
A' That." or " My Saint John," "Concentric Chart of History," " Captain of the Janizaries." " King of 
Tyre," "That Angelic Woman" Referring to his "Captain of the Janizaries," The Journalist (New 
York) sa\'s: "The last named book has met with great favor. It is a stor\- of the times of Scander- 
berg and the fall of Con'-tantinople. Its four hundred duidecimo pages are replete with interest. To 
a vigorous style Dr. Ludlow adds dramatic force. His scenic effects are good, his dialogue spirited." 
Dr. Ludlow is now engaged on a historical work on the Age of the Crusaders, which is to be one of a 
series of ten on the epochs of church history. Among the other writers of this scries are Bishops 
Cox, I'otter and Doane, of the Episcopal church, and Drs. Vincent and Van Dyke, of the Presbyterian. 

Dr. Ludlow, in preaching, uses either the written or extempore method with equal facility. Refer- 
ring to his style of preaching, the above-mentioned writer remarks : "When he preaches from notes 
he does not strictly confine himself to the written thought. His self-possession is as marked as his 
style is attractive." 

"His congregation is made up of intelligent, practical men and women. Largely composed of 
New York merchants and professional men, the Munn Avenue church members are earnest believers in 
that Christianity which impels a man to back his sympathy with his pocketbook. This church is out- 
ranked by few in the United States in benefactions. It is a pleasure for such real, whole-souled folks as 
its members to listen to Dr. Ludlow. His clear enunciation of faith and facts impresses all hearers. 
His is no gospel of doubt. You feel at once that he believes every word he utters and that he honestly 
thinks it is good for others to have a like belief." 

That the people of this church and congregation fully endorse the sentiments expressed by a 
critical journalist is evidenced by the hearty support they have given him, and their personal love and 
devotion to him as a man and as a pastor. His influence in the community is as marked as that in his 
own church, and while eschewing politics he has earnestly supported ever>- public movement tending 
to the moral and religious advancement of the people regardless of denominational interests. Dr. 
Ludlow is a director of Union Seminary and a member of the Board of Home Missions. He received, 
in 1890, from Princeton College, the degree of L. H. D. He married, in 1865, Miss Emma J. Orr, 
daughter of David Orr, of Albany. Issue. Julia Orr. David Orr, deceased. William Orr. architectural 
engineer, Eleanor, Edith, Grace and Frederic Orr. 



ISO 



Ttte Founoers and Bt'ilders of the Oranges. 



Elmwooi) Chapel. This is an outgrowth of and was founded by the pastor and people of the 
First Presbyterian or Munn Avenue Presbyterian Church, of East Orange. The lot on which the 
chapel is located, corner of West Street and Elmwood A\enue, was given by Mrs Anna M. Trippe, in 
accordance with a " Memorandum of Agreement " made by her with the trustees of the First Presby- 
terian Church, of East Orange, October 20, 1873. The conditions of this agreement were that regular 
religious services be held for two years, at least as often as once in two weeks. The record of the first 
two years showed an average of more than two services each week. The roll of the first Sunday- 
School, orofanized March i, 1S74, showed 28 scholars and teachers In December, 1889, the number 
was 225. Mr. Richard Purdue was its first Superintendent, who held the position for one year. He 
was followed by Truman H. Baldwin, who continued until 1880 and was succeeded by Mr. F. M. 
Shepard, who has held the position from that time to the present. A primary department was 
organized in 1879, and for two years was under the joint supervision of Miss May West and Miss Mary 
Purdue. Miss Purdue then took entire charge as superintendent until February, 1889, and was 
succeeded by Mrs. George S. Webster. Occasional preaching services were conducted by pastors J. L. 
Danner and S. J. McPherson until October, 1S81, when regular preaching services were conducted by 
the Rev. A. J. Kerr until May, 1882, when the Rev. George S. Webster began his work, having pastoral 
charge of that part of the church parish. The growth has been steady, keeping pace with the growth 
of population and for some time the necessity of enlarged accommodations became apparent and the 
old chapel which for so many years served its purpose gave place to the new building located on the 
corner of the same block within two hundred feet of the old one. 

The corner-stone of the new chapel was 
laid on Monday, July 22, 1889. Services were 
conducted by Rev. M. James Ludlow. D. 1) , and 
an address delivered by him. Mr. F. M. Shep- 
ard read a list of the articles deposited in the 
box underneath the corner-stone. These were: 
A bible, edition of 18S9; roll of officers and 
teachers of the Sunday School : record of the 
chapel from its formation ; sermon preached by 
Rev. George S. Webster on the fifteenth anni- 
\'crsai)- of the chapel: roll of members of 
parent chinch who worship in Elmwood; pro- 
gramme of anniversary exercises, 1881 to 1889 
inclusive; catalogues of library, 1884 and 188S ; 
order of service of the parent church and finan- 
cial stateinent for the year ending March 1. 
1889: photographs of all superintendents of 
main school and primary department, of the 
md Rev. George S. Webster, of the interior and exterior of 




ELMWOOD CHAPEL. EAST OKAXGE. 



Re\'. Dr. Ludlow, the Rev. J. L. Daimer 
the present chapel, and other articles. 

The new chapel was dedicated Sunday, December 8, 1889. with appropriate cereinonies. Mr. F. M. 
Shepard, representing the building committee, made a report showing the work that had been done and 
at the close presented the keys of the building to the trustees of the church. .Mr. George W. Fort- 
meyer received them in behalf of the board with a few appropriate remarks and in turn gave them to 
the Rev. Dr. Ludlow, the pastor. Dr. Ludlow, hokling the keys in his hand, made a very happy 
dedication address. At the close of the address he handed the keys to Rev. Mr. Webster, as chapel 
minister, who received them with a few words of grateful acknowledgement in behalf of tiie chapel and 
congregation. The dedication prayer arranged from 11 Chronicles, chapter 6, was then solemnly 
repeated by all standing. 



The Founders and Rhilders of the Oranges. 



5' 



The chapel is a substantial frame biiiitling of cruciform shape, fifty by sixty-five feet extreme 
tliiiiensions, with a Campanile bell tower on the northeast corner thirteen feet square and forty-eis^ht 
feet high. The interior is arranged in a main auditorium thirty by fifty feet, with a primary Sunday 
School class room thirty by twenty feet communicating with it, which can be shut off by Wilson's rolling 
shutters. '! he parlor or prayer meeting room over the primary room also opens into the main room by 
windows. The entire seating capacity is 450. In the rear, a pastor's room and library are convenient!)' 
arranged. Two entrances, with ample porches, are provided on the Elmwood Avenue and West Stieet 
sides. The main room is seated with Demarest's mahogany finish folding chairs, arranged with 
especial reference to convenience in Sunday School as well as preaching services. The remainder of 
the building is seated with chairs. The pulpit suit, consisting of a pulpit, three chairs and a bible 
stand, is handsome mahogan\' finish upholsteretl in silk plush. This, with the carpet on the pulpit 
platform, was the gift of the children of Mrs. F-lizabeth Burgess as a memorial of their mother. The 
interior finish of the building is in North Carolina pine in natural color, with exposed yellow pine truss 
beams. Handsome and appropriate stained glass windows give an ecclesiastical effect that is very 
pleasing. Messrs. Lamb and Rich were the architects of the building; Mr. Lamb, an elder of the 
church, being personally interested and generously donating the plans. The entire cost of the building 
was $8,500; the value of the lot being estimated at that time at §2,500. 

Central PresbvtekiaN Church. The rapid increase in the population of the Oranges after 
the close of the war brought together a 
number of families who adhered to the 
old school branch of the Presbyterian body 
and still retained a preference for the doc- 
trine and polity of that section of the 
church. As both the First and Second 
Presbyterian Churches, of Orange and East 
Orange, represented the doctrines of the 
new school, the time seemed ripe for the 
organization of another church. After fre- 
quent discussions among those favorable 
to such an enterprise, a meeting was held 
at St. Mark's school house, November 12, 
1 866, which wasattended b\- twelve persons. 
The meeting was formally opened by Fran- 
cis H. Abbot as chairman. Progress was 
made and adjourned meetings were held at 
different places and others became inter- 
ested in' the movement. Central Hall, on 

Main Street, west of Centre, was leased for the exclusive u.se of the new church and nearly two thousand 
dollars were contributed for church expenses. 

Rev. W. H. Greene, D. D., of Princeton Theological Seminary, officiated at the first meeting for 
public worship, held Sunday, December 16, 1866. At a meeting held January 3, 1S67, Messrs. L. P. 
Stone and David L. Wallace were appointed a committee "to make application to the Presbytery of 
Passaic for the organization of a church to be known as the Central Presbyterian Church, of Orange." 
On Januaiy 20. 1867, the church was organized by the Presbytery of Passaic with thirty-three members. 
iMom the First Church, of Orange, 17: from the Reformed (Dutch^ Church, of Newark. 4 ; Pre.sbyterian 
Church, of Astoria, N. Y., 3; Fifth Avenue and Nineteenth Street Church, New York. 2; First Church, 
New York, 2; Rutgers Church, New York. 1; Morristown, N. J., i; Petersburg, Va., 2; Bramard 
Church l-:aston P.i., 1. Ihc first Elders were, Francis H. Abbott, L. P. Stone, David L. Wallace and 




CENTKAI, I'RESBYTKKIAN CHUKCH, ORANGE. 



152 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

George W. 'I'liorpe. Deacons. — Edwanl H. Ensign and A. Ramsa\' McCov. rrustccs. — J. H. Hazard, 
S. W. 'I'ichcnor and Austin M. Knight. Rev. Edward D. Yeomans, D. D., of Rochester, N. V., was 
called to the i)astorate and began his labors on the first Sabbath of May, 1867, and was installed July 2 
following. He had been settled in his new charge but a little more than a year when he died suddenly 
of apoplexy, August 26, 1868. 

Rev. Alfred Yoemans, D. D , was called from the church in Hellefonte, Pa., and began his labors 
on the third Sabbath of January, 1869. The same year a lot was purchased on the corner of Main and 
i'rince Streets. The site selected was that of the old Pierson homestead which was torn down at tlie time. 
A two-story building which formed the rear extension of the church, intended as a lecture room and 
Sunday School room, was erected and opened for use. The cost of this, together with the lot, was 
$38,000, the amount paid for the land being §21,500. An organ, the gift of Mr. Austin M. Knight, 
was placed in this room and subsequently moved into the main building. The main edifice was begun 
in 1871 and the sum of §40,000 was subscribed, payable in three year-; in semi-annual installments. The 
corner-stone was laid September 11, and the building was finished and dedicated July 14, 1872, the 
dedication sermon being preachetl b)' Rev. W. C. Roberts, D. IJ., of Elizabeth. X. j. The plans of the 
building were furnished and the work superintended by Mr. T. A. Roberts, architect, of Newark. A 
lot was purchased for the parsonage on the west side of Prince Street, at a cost of $2,000, and a 
building which stood on the okl lot was removed thither anti subsequent]}' enlarged for the pastor's 
stud}', at an expense of about §1,200. The total amount expended for building purposes within ten 
years was about §90,000. The total amount raised by the church for congregational purposes for the 
first twelve }-ears of its existence was $156,000. During the same period the amount given to domestic 
missions was §12,671; foreign missions, $15,725; education, $1,734; ministerial relief, §1 ,405. These 
and other incidental contributions make a total of $52,688. Adding the total for home expense and 
benevolence, gives the aggregate of §208,688 contributed by this church in the first twelve years, or a 
yearly average of §17,390. The church debt was completely extinguished in May, 1883, the total 
amount being about $100,000. 

The present pastor of the church. Rev. John I^'. Patterson, succeeded Dr. Green and the church has 
continued to prosper under his pastorate. An addition was made to the church edifice in 1896 at a cost 
of about §12,000. The total valuation of the property held by the church is about §125,000. The total 
membership of the church on January 1. 1896, was 408 The following is the present list of 
officers: Elders — Charles 1 1. Jones, clerk. I-'rancis H. Kingsbury. Henry B. .\uchincloss, Joseph 1*. 
Lloyd, Treasurer, H Murray Richmond, Nathaniel Tooker. Deacons.— George A. Newman, Isaac N. 
Dot}-. Trustees. — C. G. Alford, President: Benjamin Douglas, Jr., Secretary; Charles K. Ensign, 
Treasurer; A.Ward Hrigh.iin. John C. Kiitlaiul, Xewton E. Whiteside, George Richards. Tiie super- 
intendent of the .Sunda}- Scluxil is George A. Newman. The number of officers, teachers ami scholars 
is 345- 

Bethei, Presbyterian Church (Dodd Town), East Orange. This church was organized 
No\ember 13, 1870, by the following committee of Presbytery: Rev. Henry F. Hickok, D. D.. 
I'.klridgc Mix, I). D., and Eklei CaKin I). Pierson, with 27 members. The church was the outgrowth 
of Franklin Union Sunday School which had been in existence over forty years before. In 1866 the 
Union Sunday School erected a frame building costing §4,000, the lot being §500 e.xtra. In 1872 a wing 
was added, costing §1,350. This building was turned over to the church at its organization and was 
worshipped in until 1891, when a new stone church was erected at a cost of §35,000, on a lot donated 
by Mr. Josiah F. Dodd, corner of Dodd Street and Midland Avenue. The old building was on Dodd 
Street, near Brighton Avenue. 

Rev. Jas. l{. Marr was the first pastor, who remained until January 1, 18S2. On May 4, 188 '-, Rev. 
David O. Irving was ordained and installed as its pastor and still continues in that position. The first 
elder, who also helped largely in the support of the church, was Charles M. Davis. Fourteen months 



TiiK Founders and Bimi.dkrs of the Oravges. 



•53 



afterwards, Calvin Dodd and Josiah F. Dodd wore added to the number. Tlie churcli is supported by 
the envelope system ; no pew rents, but pews assigned. Almost from the first they had congregational 
singing. The church has been built by the united efforts of all, rather tiian by any one or more large con- 
tributors. The growth has been 
steady from the time it was a 
mission church until it has be- 
come a large and flourishing 
self-supporting one. It aims to 
reach the poor and to bring all 
within its influence. It has two 
active Ladies' Missionary Socie- 
ties, a senior and junior C. E. 
Society, a Girl's Mission Band, 
and a flourishing Sunday School 
divided into three departments 
— infant, intermediate and main 
school. The total number re- 
ceived on confession of faith 
since its organization is 236 ; by 
letter, 268 ; making a total of 
504. The present membership 
is 334. The following is the 
])rcsent list of officers: Ruling 
Elders.— Charles M. Riker, W. 
Irven Soverei, Willi.uii S. Mills, 
A. B. Spinning, Michael Honey- 
man, II. F. Soverei, VVm. B. 
Martin, H. B. Potter. Deacons. 
— Hcni y Smith, George B. Hic- 
inhcitiiam, George M. Tyler, 
Norman E Shotwell, F.J.Greer. 
Trustees.— H. A. Hickok. I'resi- 
dent; Silas W. Dodd, Treasurer; 
David W. Ball, Secretary ; Geo. 
H. Kutclier, John H. Moore, J. Ward Grumnion. Organist, George H. Lawrence; Sexton, Edward 
Smith. The officers of the Sunday School are: Fletcher Place, Jr., Superintendent ; William F.Mili.s, 
Assistant Superintendent; David W. Ball, Secretary and Treasurer; Edgar Newkirk, Librarian : New- 
man E. Shotwell, Assistant Librarian. Primary Room Superintendent, Mrs. Fletcher Place, Jr. Inter- 
mediate Room Superintendent, Mrs. George B. Hicinbotham. Home Department Superintendent, 
Miss C. K. Herrick. Number of officers and teachers, 38; scholars, 407; total, 445. 

St. Cloud PreshyteuiaN Church. This is located on Ridgeway Avenue, near what is known 
as the "old road" on the top of the First Mountain. The first efforts to organize a Presbyterian 
church in this locality were made in 1876. A meeting was held at the residence of Dr. C. H. Gordon, 
opposite the present church building, on the evening of December 4, 1876. Among those present 
were John Crosby Brown, Gen. George B. McClellan, Gen. Marcy, Marcellus Hartley, Eugene Delano, 
Douglas Robinson, Rev. William A. Williams, Henry W. Williams, and others. A plan for a church 
edifice was adopteil and the building site, which was donated by Mr. Douglas Robinson, was accepted. 
The corner-stone of the new edifice was laid March 17, 1877, the services being conducted by Rev. Wm. 




IIETHEI, PRESBYTKKIAN UIIUKCH, EAST UKANUE. 



'54 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 




Cl.OLU I'KEbliVTKKlAN CHUKCJH. 



Atlams, D. D., assisted by Rev. Eldridge Mix, \). V)., of the l""irst Presbyterian Church, of Orange. 

Preaching services were held in the new building on Sunday, June lo, 1877, and on the same 

day a comnaittcc of the Presbytery of Mr)rris and Orange — Re\'. Eldridge Mix, D. D., being chairman — 

met and duly organized the St. Cloud Presbyterian Church, ordaining as elders Gen. George H. McClellan 

and Eugene Delano. Certificates of 

membership were presented by Gen. 

GeorgeB. McClellan and wife, Mrs. 

Mary Marcy and Fanny Marcj', wife 

and daughter of Gen. Marcy, U. S. A., 

Eugene Delano and wife, all from 

the Madison Square Presbyterian 

Church, New York City. There were 

si.\ from the First Presbyterian 

Church, of Orange. 

The completed churcli edifice 
was dedicated September 13, 1877, 
the sermon being preached by Re\\ 
William Ailams, D. D. On Novem- 
ber 22 following. Rev. William F. 
Whitaker, of Southold, L. I,, was 
in.stalled as pastor of this church and 
continued until the late autumn of 
1894. Changes and additions have 
been made to the church edifice since 
the original building was erected. 

On the death of Dr. Adams, in 1880, a tablet was erected to his memory by his daughter, Mrs. John 
Crosb\' Brown. It was ]ilaced on the wall near the seat which Dr. Adams usually occupied, and contained 
the following inscription : 

In mcmorv of William Adams, I). 1). 1.,!.. P.. 

Au;,aist 31, iSSo. 

" Hl- being dead, yet speaketli." 

A few months later a chapel was erected in memory of Dr. .Ailams, which was dedicated June 13, 
1881. It is of stone, the same as the body of the church. It is used for the primary department of the 
Sunday School and for prayer meetings. It contains a memorial window with a medallion likeness of 
Rev. Dr. Adams. Gen. George B. McClellan, who had been an elder and one of the foremost supporters 
of this church since its organization, died October 29, 1885. Some months after his death a tablet was 
erected on the wall of the church, which was unveiled on the first anni\ersary of his death. It is of 
polished brass, mounted on black marble with a laurel wreatli border, and contains the following 
inscription : 

George Brenton McClellan, Major General, U. S. A.. 

Governor of New Jersey. Elder of this Clnirth. 

October 29, 1885. 

" I have fought a good tight ; I have finished my coinse. I have kept the faith." 

Referring to the work of Rev. William F". Whitaker in this field, the New York Evangelist, under 
date of March 21, 1895, says: "To this field Mr. Whitaker came seventeen years ago, a young man 
only a year out of the theological school, but animated by consecrated zeal and practical wisdom. 
Soon every home witliin reach of the cliurch found in him their sincere friend and wise helper. All 
classes in the community working faithfully together, tliis church became the center of good influences 



The Founders and BiTn.nERs of the Oranges. 



155 



for all that country side, and while in every way the church was true in all its denominational attach- 
ments and contributions, yet Mr. VVhitaker's influence was such that members of many denominations 
were made at iiome and took active part in the practical work of the church." 

On April 30, 1895, a call was extended to Rev. Chauncey W. Goodrich, of New York, who began 
his labors on the first of September following. Mr. Theodore M. Timms and William A. Williams 
were installed as elders in 1888 and are still in office. Mr. John Crosby Hrown is tlie Superintendent of 
the Sunday School, and associated with him is Mr. Theodore M. Timms. The present church 
menibcrsliip is a little over one hundred, and the number of teachers, officers and scholars is also about 
one luiiuhed. The total cost of the church edifice, with the additions, is not far from >;io,OOo. The 
Society also owns a parsonage nearly opposite the church. The title of both is vested in the Presbytery 
of Miirris and Orantre. 




HILLSIDK I'KESliVrERLW ClIUKCll. Hillside Avenue, Orange. The first movement for the organiz- 
ation of a Presbyterian church in this localit\- began in June, 1887, by persons residing in the vicinity of 
Hillside A\enue. .Several meetings were held in private houses and interest in the project increased. 
A meeting was finally called at the private gymnasium of .Mr. Robert F. Wescott, corner of Highland 
and Essex Avenues, at which about forty 
ladies and gentlemen were present. A 
resolution was adopted at this meeting 
stating '• that a religious association be 
formed, without spccifj'ing the denomina- 
tion at present." A committee was ap- 
pointed to arrange for preaching services 
and preliminary steps taken looking to a 
permanent organization. The first public 
service was held Suntlay, Jul\' 31, 1SS7, 
attended by about IJ5 persons. Rev. R. 
L. Marks, officiated on this and the follow- 
ing Sunda_\-, August 7. On the latter date 
;i Sunda\- School was organized under the 
superintendency of Frederick L. Grant. 
Preaching services were held every Sab- 
bath following until September 25, before 

any one was established as pastor. Rev. Stanle\- White preached on August 14, September 4 and 25, 
Rev. Anthony Evans on August 21, 28 and September 18, Rev. Mr. Hay on September 11. 

At a meeting held on the twenty-third of August, measures were adopted providing for a 
permanent revenue, and it was decided to invite Rev. Stanley White to assume the pastorate for a 
period of three months from October 1. The first prayer meeting was held on the evening of October 
26, which was well attended. The meeting for final organization was held on November 21, attended 
by a committee from the Presbytery of Morris and Orange, consisting of Rev. H. F. Hickok, D. D., 
Moderator, Rev. Alfred Yoemans, D. D., and Elders David L. Wallace and Henry E. Simmons, met at 
Mr. Wescott's gymnasium where were gathered the members of the congregation. The meeting was 
opened uith prayer by Rev. Erskine N. White, D. D., father of Rev. Stanley White, acting pastor of 
the new church. Rev. Dr. Hickok preached the sermon on this occasion, his topic being "The Neces- 
sity for Church Organizations." The following officers were then elected: Ruling Elders. — Aaron 
Carter. Jr., I. Remsen Lane, George Washington Smith and William L. Wallace. Deacons. — Albert 
L. Miller and Fred'k L. Grant. The elders were ordained (with the exception of Aaron Carter, Jr., 
already ordained) and installed by the Rev. Alfred Yoemans, D. D. The deacons were ordained (with 
the exception of Albert L. Miller, already ordained) and installed by the Rev. Albert Erdman, D. D. 



IllLLSIDK PRESBYTERIAN fHlRCH, ORA.SGE. 



156 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

The following Trustees were also elected : Elisha M. Allen, Win. W. Beebe, Edward Corning, Joseph 
J. Marsh, Ambrose M. Matthews, Clarence D. Newell, Thco. T. Wood. The Moderator announced the 
organization formally completed and to be known as the " Tremont Avenue Presbyterian Church, of 
Orancre, N. J.," and the right hand of fellowship was given to the newly elected officers by the 
Committee of the Presbyter}'. 

A formal call was soon after extended to Rev. Stanley White to undertake the pastoral ofifice, 
which was accepted, and he was regularly ordained and installed by the Presbytery of Morris and 
Orange, January- 1 1, 1888. The sermon was preached by Rev. James M. Ludlow, D. I). The charge to 
the pastor was given by his father. Rev. Erskine N. White, D. D.; the charge to the people by Rev. 
Henry M. Storrs, D. D ; the benediction by the pastor. Rev. Stanley White. 

At a meeting held in the gymnasium January 3, 1888, a motion was made to reconsider the vote of 
the congregation November 15, 1887, by which the church was named the Tremont Avenue Presbyterian 
Church. This was adopted, as was also the resolution "that this church be known and designated as 
the Hillside Presbyterian Church, of Orange, N. J." The proper legal steps were at once taken and the 
church was duly incorporated under the laws of the State of New Jersey. Steps were immediately 
taken to provide a permanent place of worship. A lot was purchased from Mr. J. H. Matthews, on the 
south side of Hillside Avenue, between Scotland Street and Lincoln Avenue, on which a chapel was 
begun, ground being broken March i, 1888. The house was opened for service July 15, and dedicated 
on September 22 following, with appropriate ceremonies. The sermon on this occasion was preached 
by Rev. Erskine White, D. D. 

The church has largely increased in numbers during the pastorate of Mr. White and outgrown the 
chapel. A large and commodious edifice of Portland cement has been erected and the original 
building is now used as a lecture room. The new edifice was dedicated June 19, 1892. The seating 
capacity is 550. The total value of the present property is about $50,000, and the church is practically 
free of debt. This is literally a free eliureli and is supported wholly by voluntary offerings. The 
present membership is 336. The officers are: Elders. — Aaron Carter, Jr., L Remsen Lane, H. H. 
McCabe, George W. Smith, Albert L. Miller, Thorwald Stalknecht. Deacons.— John H. Giffin, Jr., 
J. Ralston Grant, E. Hubert Allen. Trustees.— Bleecker Van Wagenen, President, C. D. Newell, 
A. M. Mathews, Wm. Barr, Theo. F. Wood, Heman Dowd, Isaac C. Ogden. There is a flourishing 
Sunday School in connection with the church, numbering about 300, under the management of H. H. 
McCabe, Superintendent. Among the auxiliary societies are the Ladies' Society, Boys' Mission Band, 
Sewing School and Hillside Circle of the King's Daughters. 

Trinity Presbyterian Church, South Orange. This church is of recent though rapid growth. 
It is an outgrowth of the First Presbyterian Church, of South Orange, and composed largely of the 
member.ship of that chinch. The first meeting to consider the advisability of a new church organiz- 
tion was held at the house of Dr. W. J. Chandler, and resulted in the appointment of the following 
named gentlemen as a committee to formulate and recommend a plan for the new organization, viz.: 
J. McC. Morrow, Edward Self, Thomas P. Mulligan, W. H. Tweddell, William H. Curtiss, W. J. Nevins, 
Theodore F. Taylor, Henry W. F"reeman and Everltt K.Taylor. A second meeting was held on Novem- 
ber 3d following, in the upper room of the academy, on Prospect Street, thirty-two persons having 
responded to the call. By a unanimous vote it was decided to organize a Presbyterian Church, and the 
same committee was continued with instructions to take the preliminary steps and make the necessary 
arrangements. The use of the upper room of the academy was secured and suitably furnished, and 
the first preaching .service — by Rev. Daniel Bliss, a returnetl missionary from Beyroot, Syria — was held 
November 15, 1891. A Sabbath School was organized at the same time, with Mr. Thomas P. Mulligan 
as Superintendent. The first prayer meeting was held in the same building on November 17, twenty- 
eight being present. 



The Founders and IU'ilders of the Oranges. 



i;; 



An application for tlic organization of a church signed by forty-eight church members was presented 
to the Presbytery of IVIorris and Orange, which met at Morristown, January 19, 1892, and a committee 
was appointed to investigate and if deemed expedient, organize a ciiurch in accordance with the 
expressed wishes of the applicants. A meeting of the latter with the committee was held at the 
academy building on Wednesday, January 27, 1892, at which time sixty-eight church members presented 
their certificates, of which sixty-five were from the First Presbyterian Church, of South Orange; two 
from Classon Avenue Presbyterian Church, Brooklyn, and one from the Presbyterian Church of Pcrren- 
ville, N. J. The name of Trinity Presbyterian Church was unanimously adopted at this meeting. The 
election of officers resulted in the choice of the folhjwing Elders: Wm. H. Curtiss, T. !'. Mulligan, 
H. W. Jessup and William 11. Tweddcll. Deacons. — Edward Self, Theodore F. Taylor and Dr. W. J. 
Chandler. It was voted at the same time to adopt the rotary system for the election of officers. 

Rev. J. G. Lansing, professor of Hebrew at 
Rutgers Theological Seminary, was engaged as a 
temporar\' sujjply and preached his first sermon 
No\ember 22, 1891. Arrangements were made with 
him to continue for twelve Sabbaths beginning with 
December 27, 1891. He continued, however, for 
over a year, and in the meantime a plot of land about 
one acre in extent was [Purchased, on the corner 
of South Orange Avenue and Grove Road, on which 
a neat and substantial frame building was erected, 
with a seating capacity of about 300. The total cost 
of the lot and building was nearly $11,000. all of 
which was raised by subscription among the mem- 
bers. Services were held in the new edifice on 
Sunday, November 27, 1892, the main room not then 
being completed. Dedication services were held 
on Friday e\ening, January 27, 1893. Rev. J. G. 
Lansing, D. D., preached the sermon from Isaiah 
ii, 2-3. 

On May 2, 1803, a call was extended to Rev. 
Asa Wynkoop, of Union Theological Seminary, who 
had been preaching for a short time as an assistant 
in one of the leading New York churches. He was 
ordained and installed Wednesday evening, June 28, 
1893. The Old Testament le.sson, Isaiah Ixi, was 
given by Rev. H. M. Storrs, D. D.; New Testament TkiMr\ 1 ,;.....■ n.KI^^ > m r. h - ■,: 

lesson, II Corinthians, iv, by Rev. Franklin C. 

Jones; sermon by Rev. J. G. Lansing D. D., text, Isaiah l.xi, 1-3; ordaining prayer. Rev. J. M. Ludlow, 
D. D.; charge to the pastor. Rev. Anson P. Atterbury, Ph. D.; charge to the |)eople, Rev. Stanlej- 
White. At a meeting held February 9, 1892, a committee from the Vailsburg Chapel made application 
to this church to take charge of that work. The First Presbyterian Church, of South Orange, under 
whose auspices the work had been conducted for some years, decided to abandon it after April i, 1S92. 
This was established as a mission school, and a chapel built and furnished some years previous by the 
Misses Margaret and Clara Kilbuni, hut had never been self-sustaining. It is located about midway 
between South Orange and Newark, where there is a growing settlement. 

After tlue consideration. Trinity Church agreed to assume the responsibility and take entire charge 
of the work, including the [)astor's salary and other expenses. In addition to maintaining their own 
church this interest has been kept at an annual outlay of about $1,000. On P'ebruary 2y, 1^593, ihirt)- 




158 



Thk Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



six members of the First Presbyterian Church, of South Orange, connected witli tlie Vailsburg Chapel, 
presented their letters to Trinity Presbyterian Church and were accepted. Both preaching and Sabbath 
School services are held regularl\- at the chapel. The cluirch raised for benevolent contributions for 
the fiscal year ending April i, 1893, the sum of $2,290 over and above all other expenses. The total 
membershii) of the church for the year ending April I, 1895, is 142. The teachers and scholars 
connected with the church Sunday School number 63 : that of the chapel at Vailsburg, 203. 

AkI-INGTON Avenue Pkesuvtekian Ciiuri 11, Fast Orange, corner of Arlington and Springdale 
Avenues. Although one of the youngest, this is one of the most prosperous and growing 
churches in the Oranges. The movement which led up to it began in a small way in the form of a 
neighborhood prayer meeting and Sunday School, which was opened June 19, 1891, by a number of 
citizens residing in the section of East Orange north of Park A\'enue. An evening preaching service and 
a Sunda\- Service was begun in February, 1892, and continued without interruption until the final organiz- 
ation of the church, both services being conducted bj- Mr. John M. Thomas, a student of Union Theo- 
logical Seminar}- of the class of '93. The meetings were held at No. 20 Hamilton Street, East Orange. 

A meeting of the Presbytery of Morris and Orange was 

held at the above address on Thursday, No\'ember 10, 

1892, and a permanent organization effected under the 

name of the Arlington Avenue Presbyterian Church. 

There were present on this occasion, representing the 

Presbytery, Rev. J. M. Ludlow, D. D., pastor of the First 

Presbyterian Church, of East Orange ; Re\'. H. F. Hickok, 

D. D., of the Brick Church, of East Orange, and Rev. H. M. 

Storrs, D. D., of the First Presbjterian Church, of Orange. 

~»^ Rejjresentatives of other churches to the number of 46 

^/-^ '. presented certificates and became constituent members of 

the new organization. These were mostly from the First 

Presbyterian Church, of East Orange and the Brick 

Church, of East Orange. Thirteen were recei\ed on 

confession of faith At this meeting it was decided to 

adopt the rotary system of office for elders and deacons, 

and the following persons were elected, viz.: Elders. — 

James Bingham, Charles L. Power, S. L. Wyman, A. C. 

Trowbridge. Deacons. — Charles W. Freeman and Thomas B. Holland. The following persons were 

subsequently elected Trustees: A. D. Chambers, H. H. Hall, George S. Hurlbert, Albert Lowther and 

D. L. B. Peterson, their term of service being for one j'ear. 

A communion ser\ice was presented by Mr. 11. II. Hall on behalf of the Outlook Committee of 
the neighborhood pra\-er meeting The first meeting of the session was held Nov. 26, 1 892, at the 
residence of Dr. Hickok, No. 22 Hillyer Street, Orange, and A. C. Trowbridge was elected clerk. A 
meeting of the congregation was held on February 10, 1893, for the purpose of calling a pastor and 
Mr. John M. Thomas, who had officiated as a supply for several months, was unanimously chosen, and 
the salary fixed at $2,000. He was regularly ordained to the ministrj' and installed as pastor of this 
church on Friday evening, June 9, 1893. Soon after the church was organized a lot was purchased on 
the corner of Arlington and Springdale Avenues and plans for a church edifice were drawn by Messrs. 
Lamb & Rich, the well-known firm of New York architects. A generous gift from Miss J. Louise 
Travis, together with other amounts subscribed, enabled the Building Committee to begin operations at 
once, and early in June, 1S93, the building was completed and ready for occupancy and was formally 
dedicated on Thursday evening, June 8, 1893. Rev. Henry N. Cobb, D. D., presided during the service. 
After the organ prelude by Mr. W. K. Bassford. the doxology was sung. The invocation by the pastor- 




Akl.l.\<; ION AVENUE PKESBVTEKIAN CHURCH, EAST ORANGE. 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



'59 



elect was followcil by tlic liymn, " The Church's One Foundation." Addresses were delivered by Rev. 
Charles II. Everest, D. I)., of the Grove Street Congregational Church, and the Rev. Stanley White, of 
the Hillside Presbyterian Church. The dedicatory address was made by Rev. Dr. Cobb '1 he financial 
statement maclc by Mr. .\. D. Clianibcrs showcil the following as the total outlay; Co.st of lot, $4,874; 
cost of buiUiini,'. §11,706; organ and bell, $4,000: making a total of S20.5S0. Receipts: Amount 
raised by subscription, §9,880; special subscription from Mi.ss Travis for the organ and bell, $4,000. 
With a legacy left by Miss Travis (who died soon after the church was completed), amounting to $8,000. 
the entire indebtedness was litjuidatod, leaving a surplus of about $1,500. The plans, the cost of which 
was $500, were tlonated b\- Mr. Hugh Lamb, the architect. 

The building is Roniancsiiuc in style, the main front facing on Springdale Avenue, with a large 
gable supported by four massive shingled columns. .At each side of this picturesque gable are two 
entrance porches, the one on the corner being under the main tower from which spring two smaller 
towers at the balcony level. The large Rose window in the gable is set back in deep recess, the face of 
the gable being cut on the face of the columns beneatii. The gable in the infant class-room on 
Arlington Avenue is a similar but smaller one, have a deep recessed rose window all of which is filled 
with stained glass, as are the other windows in the building. The stone work runs around the entire 
building at a level of two feet, and under the main gable on Springdale Avenue it reaches the height of 
five feet. All the stone work is of field boulders laid with rough joints. The sides of the building and 
faces of the gables are shingled and stained brown, and the roofs, including those of the towers and 
porches, are shingled and stained silver grey. The best .system of heating and N'cntilation has been 
adopted. On the completion of the church it was found that the number of pews were inadequate to 
meet the demand and ten additional ])ews were soon after added. The general design and character of 
the work reflects great credit on the architects. The present membership of the church is 150. The 
elders are Austin C. Trowbridge, Stephen L. Wyman. IIul;1i Lamb and John Mclntyre. The deacons 
are James Stevens and Charles W. Freeman. 
The Sabbath School numbers in officers, teach- 
ers and scholars, 200. The superintendent is 
Henry H. Hall. The superintendent of the 
primary department is Miss Anna Hall. 




First German Presbyterian Church, 
of Orange, 120 William Street, between Park 
and Hillyer Streets. The religious sentiment 
amongst the German population of Orange first 
made itself manifest during the latter half of 
the fiftieth decade. There was occasional 
preaching and even a nucleus formed for the 
establishment of a German Lutheran Societ}', 
but the real deep interest in spiritual affairs 
did not take any permanent form until Rev. 
Christian Wisner, from the Bloomfield German 
Presbyterian Church, undertook, in 1864, to 
labor amongst the Germans in Orange. He 
succeeded in gathering a number of families 
and with the kind assistance of Rev. James 
Hoyt, of the First Presbyterian Church, received 
permission to use the old lecture room of the 
the church, on Day Street, as a meeting place, 
where he held his first religious service on the 




FIRST OEKMAN I'KESBVTEKI AN CIIUKCH. OKANUt. 



i6o Thk Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

afternoon of the last Sunda\- in July, 1864. In the early part of 1866, thirty-seven persons united in 
petitioning the Presbytery of Newark — to \\ iiich the Orange Presbyterian churches belonged at that 
time — for organizing a German Presbyterian Church in this locality. The petition was granted and the 
Rev. Jas. Hoyt and Rev. J. H. Taylor, from Brick Church, in connection with Rev. C. Wisner, were 
authorized to effect such organization, and on Sunday, the eighteenth day of March, 1866, the First 
(jerman Presbyterian Church, of Orange, was fully established. The list of names of the first members 
has b^en lost as the\- ha\e not been entered on the church record. The first elders elected were Messrs. 
Adolph liode and Gottlieb Bodmer — both still living and active members of the church — and to their 
untiring efforts the fuither growth of this church is mainly due. Rev. Mr. VVissner resigned in July, 
1867, having accepted a call from a western church. 

At a parish meeting held September 2, 1867, it was resolved to extend a call to Rev. Richard S. 
Rosenthal, of the Union Theological Seminary, of New York, and on October 13, he was formally 
elected pastor, to succeed Rev. Mr Wisner, Rev. Mr. Eldridge Mi.x, of the First Presbyterian Church, 
acting as moderator. Under the ministerial guidance of Rev. Mr. Rt)senthal, the church prospered to 
such an extent that in 1868 the congregation was incorporated, and on March i. 1869, a resolution 
was passed to buy the property on William Street, between Park and Hillyer, the price of which 
was $4,000, on which to build a cluuch edifice. On May 14, a building committee was appointed 
consisting of Messrs. George J. F^erry, then .Mayor of Orange, James H. Heroy, Peter Gerbert and John 
Struck. On August 28 the corner-stone was laid and on December 28, 1869, the building was dedicated 
to the worship of God. A heavy mortgage encumbered the property which retarded somewhat the 
further growth of the church. The etlifice was erected of brick, with a seating capacity of 300, and a 
lecture room attachetl thereto ; its cost amounted in all to $11,000. 

Rev. Mr. Rosenthal resigned in September. 1871. He was succeeded by Rev. Albert Winterick, 
who took charge of the church in December of the same )ear. For various reasons Rev. Mr. Winterick 
resigned on September 13, 1874. During the following two months tiie puljiit was supplied b\' the 
professors and students of the Bloomfield Tiieological School, until Mr. Herman C. Gruhnert, then a 
student at said institution, was elected, on November 26. 1874, as the permanent supply, and he began 
his work November 28. After laboring six months in this field, Mr. H. C. Gruhnert was formally 
ordained and installed as minister of the church on June 14, 1875. Rev. Mr. Gruhnert has worked 
faithfully and successfully, as was manifest by the renewed growth of the church. Under his care the 
membersiiip increased and became more steady. While heretofore no ])roper and correct reconi of the 
church was kept and the membership could never be fully ascertained, it is different now; order and 
system prevail everywhere. Mainly through his exertions the large indebtedness on the congregation 
has been lifted, a new parsonage has been built at a cost of $3,500, a fine organ has been placed in the 
church and many other permanent improvements made, thereby largely increasing the interest in the 
work of the church. There are now 110 ])aying members in the congregation and 150 or more 
communicants. A Ladies' Society, a Ladies' Aid Society, a Y. M. C. E. Society and a Sabbath School 
are powerful adjuncts in assisting the minister in his labor of love. 

The S ibbath School is even older than the church itself. It was started in 1864 under the leader- 
ship of Rev. Mr. Wisner. and after the organization of the church placed under the care of Mr. 
Bodmer as first superintendent. His successors in office were Hans Peterson, Henry Hasselmann and 
Louis Darnstaedt. The school numbers at present 1 50 scholars with 18 teachers and officers, including 
an interesting primary department, under the care of Mrs. T. A. Andresen and Mr. O.scar Bode. The 
elders of the church are at present Eshel Ehrichs. Lmiis Darnstaedt, Frederick Rasch. The predecessors 
are Adolph Bode, Gottlieb Hodmer, Herman Schenck. John Struck, C. Shellenberger, Hans Peterson, 
Andrew Egner, Henry Hasselmann, Robert Gerber. The names of the deacons at present are Oscar 
Bode, Henry Wiederhold, Theodore M. Andresen, W. Graulich, William Wille, George Egner, 
John Burkardt. 



Thic Founders and Builders of the Oranges. r6i 

Plkasant Vali,1-.V Geum\N Pkeshvikkian CiiuUCH, West Orange, on the west face of First 
Mountain, overlooking Pleasant Valley, between the two mountains. This church was organized M.iy 
26, 1S78, with the following members: F. Sippel, Christian Fentzlaff, VV. Fentzlaff, E. Ilgin, J. Wolf. 
G. Werner. F. Wolf, K. Sippic, Mrs M. Reiman and Mrs. E. Mcrklin. Immediately after its organiza- 
tion arrangements were made for the erection of a church edifice. The corner-stone was laid March 6, 
1878, and the building, which is of frame, was completed and dedicated the same year. The first 
officers of the church were: Elders. — F. Sippel, W. Fentzlaff and E. Ilgin. Trustees. C. H. Fentz- 
laff, F. Wolf, K. Sipple, G. Werner and J. Yost. This movement was started on June i, 1877, by Rev. 
iMin/. llartig, a student fionithe BloDnifield Theological Seminary. The first meetings were held in 
the Pleasant Valley school-house, and through the efforts of Mr. Hartig, the church increased in 
numbers and interest, and on Jul)' 10, 1879, 'i^' ^^'-^^ ordained and installed as its pastor. 

Gkkman Pkksbvterian Church, of Orange Valley, corner of Fairview Avenue and Scotland 
Street. The movement which led to the organization of this church began in 1S90. The Rev. H. C. 
Gruhnert, Rev. Dr. H. F. Hickok and Rev. Stanley White started the work among the Germans in 
Orange Valley. At first Rev. Mr. Gruhnert held weekly prayer meetings; later on, services were held 
every Sunday afternoon in the Hillside Presbyterian Church, and A. Wirth, candidate for the ministry, 
was called to take charge of the mission. P'rom the beginning of January, 1890, the gatherings were 
held in Tompkins Street Cha[)el. The Sunday services were omitted and the weckh- prayer meetings, 
conducted by Rev. Mr. Gruhnert, were again introduced. The Synodical Home Mission and Church 
Extension Committee of the Presbytery of Morris and Orange, under whose care the mission started, 
called John F. Kern, student of theology at Bloomfield, the present pastor of the church, to take 
charge of the work. The first service held in the new place of worship was attended by twelve women. 
For some time he had to struggle against prejudice and mistrust. But these difficulties were overcome, 
the members increased and men and women commenced to take an active part in building up the 
kingdom of God there among the Germans. 

In August, 1890, the Sunday School was established. On the F"irst Sunday there were five scholars 
and six teachers, which number has slowly but steadily increased. The Sunday School now numbers 150 
members. On the 15th of July, 1891, the mission was formally organized by the Presbytery of Morris 
and Orange. Sixteen members wers received on certificate from the William Street German Presby- 
terian Church and seventy-two on confession of their faith. Thus the newly organized congregation 
numbered eight\-eight members. At the same meeting three elders and three deacons were elected, 
ordained and installed by the chairman of the Synodical Home Mission and Church Plxtension Commit- 
tee. Re\-. r. F. White, D. D , of Summit, and Re\-. Rufus S. Green, were appointed moderators of 
the session. One week later a Board of Trustees was elected. Ihe congregation immediately called 
the Rev. John F. Kern as pastor of the church, who was, on the 24th of July, 1891, ordained and 
installed. 

From that time on, two services were held — morning and evening — on every Sunday. A Ladies' 
Aiil Society was organized in February, 1892. The members began to contribute and raise funds for 
a church home. A lot was purchased on the corner of Fairview Avenue and Scotland Street, 85 x 155 
feet, in 1892, at a cost of $2,550. The corner-stone for a church edifice was laid on July 23, 1S92, 
which was completed the early part of the following year. The building is of frame and cost, including 
furniture, etc , about ?l8,ooo. It was occupied for the first time in February, 1894. The officers of the 
church are : Elders. — Hans M. Hansen, John G. Weil, Otto B. Manitz, Gottfried Kuntz. Deacons. — 
Adam Singer, Jacob Hoerth, George Kern. The present membership is 17c. The Sunday School 
numbers 170. Connected with the church is a Saturday School, in which the children are instructed in 
the German language. 



('HAI'^TKR XI 11, 




RELIGIOrS mslURY OF THE ORANGES, CONITNI'ED. 

EPISCOPAL CHL'RCHES. 

. MARK'S CHURCH, West Oranj^c. While Trinity Church, of Newark, was the 
mother of St. Mark's Church, tlie latter was the mother of all tlie churches of this 
deiiomitiatioii for miles around. The beginning of this movement was in l8o8, when 
Rev. Joseph W'illarci, rector of Trinity Church, Newark, reported "that he liad 
performed divine service and preached twice at Benjamin Williams', Orange, where 
he had large and attentive congregations; tliat there were several families who 
appc;ir to be attached to the Episcopal Church, for whom he had baptized seven or 
eight children, and who regularly attend at Newark." The families referred to were 
tiiose of Benjamin Williams, Sr., of his nephew, James Williams, and of his sons, 
Benjamin Williams, Jr., Josiah Williams, Samuel Williams and Amos Williams. The 
Bishop of the Diocese had his attention called to these families in 1819 and 
continued for some years to visit them and to hold services in this locality. The neighborhood became 
a missionarv station in 1825 and was in charge of Rev. Benjamin Holmes, who resided at Morristown 
and came once a month to Orange. There were occasional accessions to the membership and on April 
7, 1827, St. Mark's Church was duly incorporated under the laws of this State. The corner-stone of a 
churcli edifice was laid May 12, 1828, by Rev, Benjamin Holmes, and the building, which is of brown 
stone, forty by sixty feet, was erected during the year, at a cost of between seven and eight thousand 
dollars, a balance of the indebtedness remaining some time after its completion. It was consecrated 
by Bishop Cross on February 20, 1829, and soon after this fifty-four pews were sold. Ihe financial 
support of the church was derived mainly from three or four families. In 1S29, Mr. Holmes relin- 
quished his charge of the congregation and the parish then ceased to be a missionary station. 

The Rev. William R. Whittingham took charge on June i, 1829, he being then in deacon's orders, 
but he was ordained priest on December 17, and installed rector on December 18, 1829. On his salary 
of four hundred dollars a year he was required to perform the additional duty of editing the General 
Sunday School Union. He resigned on November i, 1830, for the purpose of devoting his entire time 
to editorial work. On November 10, 1830, the Rev. Benjamin Holmes was elected to the vacant 
rectorsliip and took charge of the parish July 4, 183 1, at a salary of fi\-e lunulred dollars a year. The 
subscriptions which were pledged were insufficient to meet the amount and a few individuals raised a 
permanent fund of five thousand dollars, the interest of which was to be devoted to the support of the 
rector. Among the most prominent of the subscribers to this fund were Samuel Williams, Caleb 
Harrison, John Harrison. Amos Williams and Benjamin Williams. For this they gave their personal 
notes, with the understanding that these notes could remain so long as the interest was paid. Nearly 
all this amount was eventually secured to the church in real estate and bank stock. In 1834 a house 
and lot were purchased for a parsonage at a cost of one thousand dollars. This was found to be at too 
great a distance from the church and was sold in 1836. Before his death, which took place August 4, 
1836, the church doubled the salary of Mr. Holmes and paid the sum over to his widow and infant 
daughter. His ministrations were very acceptable to his people and he died universally beloved. His 
remains were buried under the chancel of the church as a fitting resting-place for its founder. By his 



The Founders and Hijilders of the Oranges. 



I'^S 



piudence, his zeal ami self-sacrifice he accomplislicd much in laying the foundation and in building up 
the church. During the period of iiis rectorship ninct)-six were baptized, forty-one persons were 
confirmed and fifty-five were added to the number of communicants. 

Rev. James A. Williams, a native of Orange, was called to the vacant rectorship and assumed the 
ministerial charge August 13, 1836. He was formally installed b_\' Bishop Doane, on September 9, 1837, 
and continued to discharge the duties almost up to the day of his death, in 1883. On June 29, 1884, 
Rev. Bishop Faulkner was instituted as rector, to succeed Dr. VVdliams. As a man he was greatly 
beloved and made many warm friends. His services covered a period of about seven years. He 
resigned in the spring nf i,S()i. He was succeeded bv Rev. Frank B. Reazer, the present rector. 




ST. MARKS El'ISrOI'AI. CHURCH, WEST ORANGK 

The total number of communicants in 1S95 was 576; two Sunday Schools— teachers and officers 
28, scholars, 30S. Property consists of stone church, the parish side-chapel and guild rooms, parisli 
house, rectory, mission chapel anil cemetery: and the following societies: Missionary, Benevolent, 
Mother's Meeting, Brotherhood of St. Andrew, Altar Guild, Sewing School, District Visitors, Men's 
Club, Junior Missionary. Officers: Rector, Frank B. Reazer. Lay Reader, Francis II. Holmes. 
Wardens. Charles A. Lighthipe, Stephen Van Rensselaer. Vestrymen.— Francis H. Holmes. Stephen 
W. Williams, clerk, Edward I-:. Sage, treasurer, James Timpson, Charles F. Hageman, T. H. Powers 
Farr, William R. Howe. John I). Everitt, Frank Hill, Frank R. Bagley. 

The Church of the Holy Communion, comer of Ridgewood Road and South Orange Avenue, 
South Orange. The few scattering communicants of the Episcopal Church residing in the vicinity of 
South Orange previous to the fifties worshipped either at St. Mark's Church, Orange, or at Newark. It is 



164 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

said that wlicn the Rev. William R. Whittingham, D. D., (afterwards Bishop of Maryland) was rector of 
St. Mark's Church, he held occasional service in South Orange. It was at that time a farming community 
and sparsely settled. The first regular service of which there is any record was held by Rev. Dr. 
Williams, rector of .St. Mark's Church, in the Methodist chapel, located where the present Methodist 
church now stands. The first attempt at church organization was in 1859, when the late Charles 
Francis Osborn obtained the consent of Rt. Rev. Bishop Doane to establish a mission in this locality, 
and Rev. Horace Hall, of St. Stephen's Church, Milburn, was appointed missionary. The Methodist 
chapel was rented for a year by Mr. Osborn and it was through his zeal, fidelity and persistent efforts 
that on October 8, 1859, the parish was regularly organized under its present title, the Church of the 
Holv Communion. The first officers elected were: Wardens. — Charles F. Osborn and James S. 
Sandford. Vestrymen. — Sabin Smith, Daniel Squires, John D. Freeman, Thomas Loundes, Thomas 
Fenner, Dwight B. Denslow, Charles W. Newton, John S. Tappan, James G. Osborne. During the 
following year this young and feeble parish sustained a great loss in the death of Rev. Mr. Reid, who 
at that time was traveling in Europe for his health. During the winter of 1859-60, the parish was in 
charge of Rev. J. W. Shackleford and his assistant, Rev. J. L. McKine, House of Prayer, Newark, N. J. 

Soon after the church was organized a building plot was presented to the parish by Mr. Thomas 
Loundes, on the corner of South Orange Avenue and I'iidgewood Road, on the site of the old Riggs 
homestead. On this was erected the present brown stone edifice which has since been twice enlarged. 
The church was consecrated by Rt. I^ev. William II. Odenheimcr. The instrument of donation and 
request was dated February 4, 1865, signed b\- the wardens of the parish, Charles F Osborn and J. 
Walter Wood, with the seal of the church affixed. It was also signed by Joseph Ramee, Henry 
Fenner and Thomas Fenner. 

Rev. David Magot, the first rector, resigned Angust i, 1861, and Rev. Elisha Mulford was requested 
to take charge of the parish in November, 1861, and in 1862 he was reqested to assume permanently the 
rectorship of the church. He resigned in the autumn of 1864, and was succeeded in February, 1865, 
by Rev. William J. Frost. He remained with the church about five years, resigning in 1870. It was 
during his pastorate that a rectory was built, at a cost of $6,000, on a lot diagonally opposite the church. 
Rev. Wm. H. Lewis began his labors as rector on November 7, 1870, continuing until January, 1873. 
Rev. Henry D. Deegan, the ne.xt rector, began his labors April 9, 1873, and remained for about twelve 
years, until 1885 Rev. R. B. Post, his successor, assumed formal charge in March, 1886 and severed 
his connection with the parish in 1889. He was followed by Rev. Wm. Prall, who left in 1891. Rev. 
Benjamin Brewster accepted the position of rector in November, iSgi.and was (juite successful in his 
labors until failing health necessitated his retirement in October, 1895. Rev. Louis Cameron, the 
present rector, assisted Mr. l?revvster for some months while he was unable to attend to the duties and 
on the latter's retirement he was called permanently to the rectorship and assumed the charge on 
November i, 1895. There has been a steady increase in membership since the church was first organ- 
ized and it now numbers about . The present wardens are Joseph Ramee, E. V. Connett. Vestry- 
men.— Henry A. Page, J. Walter Wood, F. A. Woodhouse, P. P. Chew, T. G. Conway, W. F. Allen. 
Cyrus F. Loutrel, F. A. Wright, H. B. Schneider. The present value of the church property is 
about $40,000. 

Grace Protestant Episcopal Church. This parish was originally a part of St. Mark's, from 
which it was carved out in March, 1854, and organized by the Rev. Joshua D. Berry, who at that time 
had charge of a school in Orange. It was at a time when, from the increasing interest manifested in 
religious matters, and especially by the Protestant Episcopal branch of this great Christian family, 
another place of worship more advantageously located than St. Mark's was demanded by many of the 
Episcopalian families and others leaning toward that doctrinal faith in the immediate vicinity. At a 
public meeting held March 5, 1854, in what was then Bod well Hall, corner of P.uk and William Streets, 
the organization of the parish was perfecteil b)- the election of Judge Jesse Williams and Phihuuler J. 



Thk Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



165 



Hodwcll as wardens, and tlio f()Ilo\vin;4 named persons as vestrymen : Jesse Williams, Piiilander J. 
Hoducil, Chauncey Shepherd, William Cleveland, Philip Ward, William M. Babbett, Aaron Dodd, 
William H. Vcrniilyea, Thomas French, Charles II. Campbell. 

The lilt upiin which Grace Church stands was purchased from the trustees of the First Presbyterian 
Church, at a cost of three thousand dollars, and had been occu|)ied by the old stone parsonage for a 
period of one hundred anil five jears. Ground was broken for the new church edifice in tile summer of 
1856, and Aui^ust 12 of the same year the corner-stone was laid with appropriate ceremonies. The 
edifice was built of brown sandstone taken from a quarry in l^leasant Valley, West Oran^'e township, 
and was completed in the early summer of 1857, and consecrated on Thursday, July 16, of that year, at 
a cost of ele\en thousand dollars for the edifice and furnishings. The request to consecrate was read 
by the rector-elect, the Re\-. James S. l?ush, and the sentence of consecration by tlie Rev. James A. 
Williams, rector of St Mark's Church. Morning prayer was read by Rev. Messrs. Shackelford and 
Merritt, Rev. Moses McCurdy and Catly reading the lessons. The sermon was jireached by the 
Rt. Rev. Bishop George Washington Doane, who also administered the holy communion, assisted by 
the Rev. Mr. Vermilyea, of New York, the Rev. Mr. Stock- 
ing reading the Epistle. There were also present the Rev. 
Messrs. Reed, Moore, Mayers, and Rev. Drs. Diller and 
Cook, of New York. The beautiful altar window (symbolic 
of F"aith, Hope and Charity) was a gift from the maker, Mr- 
Doremus, a parishioner of Grace Church. At the time of 
the consecration of the church edifice there were in the 
congregation one lunulred and thirteen communicants. 

In 1868 a commodious rectory was liuilt in the rear of 
the church edifice, at a cost of nine thousand dollars. In 
1872 a brown-stone transept and chancel, adilitions to the 
church edifice, were built, at a cost of twenty thousand dol- 
lars, including organ, carpets, etc., therebj- increasing the 
seating capacity one-half. In 1S77 another addition was 
made, consisting of a brown stone chapel, connected with 
the transept, at a cost of si.x thousand dollars, and having a 
seating capacity of two hundred and fitly. Rev. Mr. lierrj- 
and others had charge of the parish until its first rector, Rev- 
James S. Bush, was called in July, 1856. He resigned in 
1867, and was succeeded in 1868 by the ]iresent rector. Rev. 
Anthony Schuyler. 

On Sunday, July 2, 1893, the twenty-fifth anniversary of 
the pastorate of Rev. Anthony Sclui_\ler was held with appro- 
]5riate ceremonies. Those who assisted in the exercises were : 

Re\ . Dr. William G. Farrington, the Rev. Dr. E. H. Hoggs, the secretary of tlie Diocese of Newark, 
anil the Rev. Hamilton Schuyler, son of the rector. Dr. Farrington read the Epistle and Dr. l?oggs 
the Gospel. The sermon, which was a review of the history of the parish for the past twenty-five 
years, combined with many personal reminiscences, was preached b}' the venerable rector of the parish. 
The full text of the sermon is the following: "Walk about Zion, and go round about her; tell the 
towers thereof. Mark well her bulwarks, consider her palaces, that ye may tell it to the generation 
following, for this God is our God for ever and ever: He will be our Guide even unto death." — 
Psalms .Nlviii ; 12, 13, 14. 

Dr. Schuyler, in the course of his remarks said : " Take the communion roll of 250 names on the 
register of this parish in 1868. Read them carefully over and find thirty-eight of them only on that 
roll to-da)'. Of these thirty-eight, thirty-three have companied with us from that day to this; tile 




GRATF. PROTESTANT 



i66 Thk Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

remaining five are from families removed to otlier parishes at an early day, but who have returned to us 
in time for their re-enrollment before this anniversary. I heartily welcome them back to-day in the 
name and behalf of their fellow survivors of that 250, and my prayer is that we may all be spared a 
little before we yo hence and are no more seen. The two wardens and seven of the ten vestrymen of 
that day have been called to their fathers. Of the three survivors, only one is a member of the parish 
to-daj'. The places here that once knew the others, know them no more. Of the present vestry two 
only were members of the conj,negation of 1868. Names of wardens and vestrymen of 1868: Ward- 
ens. — Lewis S. Thomas, John Fairbanks. Vestrymen. — Zebulon E. Carrington, John W. Burt, George 
VV. Stow, Henry Folsom, Nathan H. Stockwell. A. A. ]?radley, Samuel \V. Torrey, Chaunce\- Shepherd, 
William H. Morris and Francis C. Cantine. 

" My recollection of those twelve men is one of the treasured memories of a ministry of fort\--three 
years. They called a rector whom but two of them had ever seen, and took the further step before tliey 
fairly knew him, of ratifying their call by a request for his institution. It was no empty compliment. 
It struck me then and it strikes me now as a venture of confidence in their newly chosen rector which 
he had no reason to expect and which he can never forget. It helped him to cast his anchor here as in 
a haven where he would be. Within three months a house and home sprang up before his eyes, of 
which he was allowed the entire ordering. And there, amid all the changes that have been going on 
about him, with health preserved and a family circle unbroken, lie remains. It is a merciful and a 
gracious suspension of the rule of man's existence here that he ' fleeth as a shadow and never continueth 
in one sta\\' The circumstances of that only formal induction to a parish in the rector's experience 
stand out vi\idly in his memory to-day. As soon as the engagements of the Bishop of the Diocese 
allowed, the ceremony took place. It was the first Sunday in October, and pending the session of the 
triennial convention of the church, in the city of New York." 

Referring to the mission work of the church. Dr. Schuyler said: "I allude to this offering for 
diocesian missions because it was the beginning of outsitle benefactions which have gone steadily on 
for a quarter of a century uninterrupted, though doubtless affected by fluctuations in the business of 
yonder great city, in which the men before me, with rare exception, ha\-e ever been engaged. I have 
not the time nor will I be expected to tabulate these benefactions, and so 1 venture to sum tlu-m up in 
a sintrle total. Thev include offerings to missions at home and abroad, to Christian education and to 
church and charitable institutions — in a word, to all objects outside the parish, so far as they are shown 
by the annual convention journals of the diocese. The total is $75,355.42, or something over $3,000 
per annum for twenty-five years. I should not do the church full justice were I not to notice the fact 
that while the benefactions were thus finding their way to distant places, it has not forgotten the 
charit\- that begins at home. There must be added to this $75,000, over $i8.000 more or an average of 
over $700 a year for the poor and needy of the tlock." 

Referring to the church extension work. Dr. Schuyler said: "To Grace Church Brotherhood of 
St. Andrew we owe the starting of a mission and the maintainance of a Sunda\- School and Sunday 
services which ha\e issued in the organization of an independent parish." 

Out of the 250 names on the communion roll when Dr. Schuyler took charge of the parish, only 
the following named persons were remaining on the twent\-fifth anniversarj' of Dr. Schuyler's pastorate: 
Emma Broome, Harriet Baxter, Mary Carrington, Aurelia Carrington, Laura Carrington, Sarah Crumble, 
William H. Decker, Hannah L. Decker, Fhebe Folsom, Caroline Lockwood, Caroline (Fairbanks) 
Harrison, Charlotte Fairbanks, Julia Holmes, Sarah Bayley, Emily Daniels, Anna T. E. Kirtland, 
Mary Marvin, Catharine (Sheldon) Franklin, James Young, Efifie Young, Isaac Young, Adelaide 
(Tompkins) Schieman, John VV. Russell, Mary H. Russell, Alvira Walker, Margaret Whitney, Aptha 
(Norris) Corlies, Margaret (Martin) Ludwick, M.irshall Shepherd, Adele (Dodd) Lindsley, Julia Soper, 
Ann T homas, Catharine (Newbold) Boiler, Phebe Dickson, Abbey Pierson, William H. Morris, Charlotte 
Stevenson. The total number of baptisms since the organization of the church is 1,118; jjresent 
number of communicants, 761; congregation, 1.400. The present wardens are Marshall Shepherd, 



The Founders and BriLPERS of the Oranges. 167 

William M. Franklin Vestry.— J. J. Hroonio, Edward VV. Ashley. Jay C. \'.)ung. J. O. Ward, Charles 
F. Krocli. Dr. Thomas P. Fitch, Frank O. Harstovv, Walter Scranton, J. O. Watson (deceased 1895), 
Julius A. H...\l,iM. The lot on which the church and rectory stands cxtenils from Main through to 
William Street, with a frontage of 100 feet and and a depth of 300. The total value of the projjerty at 
the present time is al^out $75,000. 

Ri;v. Anthony Sciiuvi.KR, 1) D., is not only tiie oldest living rector of the Episcopal Church in 
the Oranges, hut his connection with Grace Episcopal Church, of Orange, covers a longer term of years 
than that of any minister of the gospel among the forty odd churches of Orange, South, East and 
West Orange. P'ew of the members who greeted him .is their rector nearly thirty years ago are now 
living. I le li.is followed the aged to their last resting place, he has united their children in bonds of holy 
wedlock and ailministered the holy rite of bajjtism to their children and children's chiklren. and these 
in turn have become workers and co-workers with him. He has " led his jjeople like a flock." guiding them 
into green pastures and b\- tlie side of still waters as he has ministered unto them from out of God's 
Woril. 'I lie affection between him aiul his people is very strong, and although the church has more 
than doubled since he became its rector, there arc few, if any, of his large congregation whose faces are 
not familiar to him. and the stranger requires no formal introduction but always receives a cordial 
greeting. It can be saitl with trutii, "The lines have fallen to him in pleasant places," and he has 
enjoyed a " goodly heritage. " 

Dr. Schuyler comes of an old Hollaml family associated with the early history of New York and 
New Jersey as well. Phili[) Pieterse Schuyler, the ancestor, came from y\msterdam. Holland, about 
1650. and settled in Albany. He was commissioned captain in 1667. He married, December 12, 1650, 
Margarita Von Sliciitenliorst, and had seven or eight sons, among whom was Arcnt. 

Arent Schuyler, son of Philip Pieterse and Margarita (Von Slichtenhorst) Schuyler, was born in 
Albany, June 25, 1662 lie purchased in 1710 a large tract of land on the banks of the Passaic River, 
opposite Belleville, a part of which was then known as Harbadoes Neck, extending from the bay between 
tile entrance to the Hackensack and Passaic Rivers, about seven miles north to what is known as Ruther- 
ford. Copper ore was discovered on his place by a negro servant and the mine was subsequently 
worked to advantage, large (juantities being shi[)iicd to England. He was verj' liberal in his contribu- 
tions to the church and was a man of wealth and [irominence. He married, November 26, 1684, 
Jcnnech Teller. Among the children mentioned are Col. John, who became quite prominent, and 
Casparus, the youngest. 

Casparus Schuyler, born about 1693, the youngest son of Arent, settled in Burlington. N. J., where 

he married Brocas. born May 16, 1695, died A])ril 17. 1754. They had among other children, a 

son, Aaron. 

Aaron Schuyler, son of Casparus, was born about 1730. lie married Hester Day, daughter of 
Col. Thomas Day, who commanded the Bergen Count)- Militia in the War of the Revolution. He was 
a noted patriot and a friend of the commander-in-chief. His home at Preakness, N. J., (still standing) 
w'as at one time used as the headquarters of Washington. Among the children of Aaron and Hester 
(Day) Schuyler, was Peter. 

Peter Schuyler, son of Aaron and Hester (Day) Schuyler, was born in Burlington. N. J., in 178S, 
married Caroline Brother, daughter of Valentine. They were the parents of Rev. Anthony Sc/niylir. D. D. 

Rev. Anthony Schuyler, D. D., son of Aaron and Caroline (Brother) Schuj-ler, was born at Geneva. 
N. Y., and was graduated at Geneva College. He then went to Ithaca, where he studied law and was 
admitted to the bar. and married in 1839. He had quite a successful practice and continued for ten 
years. After losing his wife, in 1849, he abandoned the law aad decided to enter the ministry. He 
pursued a course of study at Ithaca under the rector of the Episcopal church at that place. Rev. VV. S. 
Walker, and was ordained a deacon in December, 1850. After spending his deaconate of eighteen 
months at Pen Van. he was called to Oswego as rector of Christ Church, continuing until 1862. For 
the six years following he was rector of Christ Church, in Rochester. In both of these churches he had 



■ 68 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

charges which i^rcvv in nuiiibcrs and strcUL^th and arc now prominent and influential parishes in those 
cities. lie began his duties as rector of Grace Churcli, Orange, in 1868, which tlien numbered about 
three iuindred communicants. Hetween seven and eight hundred is the present membership. In ail 
the State tliere is probabl)' not another more united church. 

Dr. Schuyler's work is tliat wholly of the ministry, leaving no time for activity in public affairs, 
and while he is in sympathy with every movement tending to better the condition (if the jjcople, he 
leaves these duties to others who have the time and the inclination for sucii work. In all matters 
looking to the moral improvement of the community he has full share. Dr. Schuyler has been twice 
married. His second wife was Mary Allen, daughter of Henry Allen, of Skaneateles. Three children 
were the issue of this marriage — Rev. Hamilton Schuyler, who is in charge of the cathedral at Daven- 
port, Iowa, under the charge of Bishop Perry, of that State; Anthony, in business in Newark, and one 
daughter, Margaretta. 

ChkIST Church, Rast Orange. The first meeting to take into consideration the expediency of 
organizing an Episcopal Church in East Orange, was held at the house of Mr. A. D. Baldu in, October 
10, 1867. There were present. Rev. Mr. Bush, A. D. Baldwin, T. R. Mcllvaine, Richard Coyne, C. Marsh, 
Charles Quinby and E. M. Baldwin. On September 15, 1868, St. John's parish was organized at a 
meeting in the depot of the D. L. «!s:. W. R. R , at East Orange. There were present on this occasion, 
T. R. Mcllvaine, George Williams. Cyrus Loutrcl, Richard Coyne, C. Marsh and E. M. Baldwin. The 
first vestry was composed of the following named gentlemen: Wardens. — -William K. Kitchell, 
Chauncey Shepherd. Vestrymen. — A. D. Baldwin, George Williams, T. R. Mclhaine, Mr. Ogden, Mr. 
Decker and E. M. I^aldwin. 

On the 25th of September, 18O8, the name of St. John's parish was changed to Christ Church. 
The first regular service was held August 1, iS6y, in the school-rooms of Rev. John G. Mulholland, who 
gave his services and rooms free to the society. He preached and conducted the services for thirteen 
months, resigning September 4, 1870. The parish at that time numbered about twenty families. Christ 
Church parish was known at that time as a mission and was so recorded and represented in the Journal 
of the Diocese of New Jersey, at the eighty-eighth annual convention, held at St. Mary's Church, 
Burlington, on Tuesday and Wednesday, May 30 and 31, 1871. Rev. H. T. Bishop began his ministra- 
tions on the second Sunday in September (nth day of the month), 1870. In the early part of that 
year a lot was purchased on Main Street, abo\c Walnut, on which a frame building was erected at a 
cost of §9,650. The first service was held in the new building December 18, 1870, at which time some 
thirty families came from Grace Church, Orange, and in the report made to the convention about this 
time it was stated tliat there were fifty-five families, made up of 225 individuals; also that ten were 
confirmed on this occasion ; that there was a successful Sunda_\- School with nine teachers and forty- 
five pupils. 

The work begun by Mr. Bishop was carrieil on successfulh- for a number of years, the church 
gathering strength from year to year. On Sunday, December 23, 1S88, the building was burned and 
for two years following the congregation worshipped in Commonwealth Hall. Arrangements were 
made at once, however, for rebuilding on tlie old site. Rev. Mr. Bishop owned at this time the rectory 
and the property lying between the old church property and that owned by the Calvary Methodist 
Society, on Main Street. The church property was 230 feet in depth with a frontage of 60 feet on 
Walnut Street. Mr. Bishop offered to exchange his Main Street lot for the one on Walnut Street, 
leaving the equity to be determined by disinterested parties. This was done to the entire satisfaction 
of all parties, he being awarded SSoOO as etjuity. He then removed his house to Walnut Street, which 
left the church property with a frontage of 150 feet, just double the former width. 

Work was begun on the new church edifice as soon as the preliminary arrangements were completed 
and on Friday, March 27, 1891, the church was opened and services appro])riate to the occasion were 
held. The font and baptistry, lectern, pulpit, chancel rail, credence and altar, which were then used for 



The Foundf.rs and Builders of the Oranges. 169 

the first time, were solemnly blessed by the Bishop of the Diocese. The service was at 4.30 o'clock, and 
after the ceremony of blessing, a number of the candidates for confirmation were baptized. The 
confirmation services followed, the Bishop making the usual address to the class. 

The building, which is of Indiana limestone, is cruciform with a nave fifty feet wide and eighty 
feet long; the transepts arc 20 feet deep, making the extreme width of the church across the transepts 
ninety feet. The principal facade is to south, on Main Street. It consists of a broad gable surmounted 
with a handsomely carved stone cross. In the gable is a group of tall lancet windows. Across this end 
of the building is a passage having very much the effect of a cloister with low mullif)ned windows. A 
broad arch is thrown across the roadway that passes between the tower and the church which is used as 
a poric cochere. The interior of the church has been finishetl in the most elaborate manner and is said 
to be equal to that of any church in the diocese. The ceiling is supported by queen-post trusses of 
elaborate designs, and on the ends of the hammer beams are hand-carved angel heads, facing the altar. 
From these hammer beams hang the gas fi.xtures of antique design in polished brass, resembling the 
old cressets of the twelfth century. The pews are of polished quartered oak, darkened to an antique 
tinge. The font is of the purest white statuary marble, sand finished, and the bowl rests on pillars of 
polished Sienna marble. The altar is of polished Sienna marble, a very artistic and rich piece of work. 
The church has a seating capacity of about 800. 

While the decoration and the furnishing of the church is of the most elaborate and expensive 
kind, yet not any of this expense has fallen on the church as a unit. The building committee of the 
church had simply to provide the cost of the bare shell, the walls and the roof and the heating 
apparatus. All the other things that have been added are the gifts of individuals as memorials, and of 
the various chapters of the church guild. The baptistry, the pulpit, chancel furniture, choir .stalls, 
organ, chancel rail, altar, credence, and in fact everything in the church has been provided in this way. 
The total cost of the church and all its accessories will considerably exceed $100,000. A large amount 
of the money to carry on the work was raised by the ladies of the church by entertainments and other 
means, and to their efforts is due to a large extent the success of the undertaking. The organ, a 
magnificent piece of work, built by Harrison & Co., of Bloomfield, was presented to the church by 
Mrs. James C. Petit. The total value of the church property at the present time is about $150,000. 

Rt\-. Mr. Bishop continued his labors with this church for nearly a quarter of a century, but was 

compelled to resign in April, 1894, in consequence of failing health. He was succeeded by Rev. 

ii'-hl^i^ William WtrrtTK*y Davis, the present incumbent. The present officers of the church are : Wardens. — 

'J Charles Mechalick, Samuel \V. Whittemorc. Vestrymen.— W. G. Chittick, John V. Davis, Robert 

Andrews, Charles P. Brooks, G. E. Zippal, L. D. Clark, C. W.Cornell. W. C. Horn, F. W. Howe. 

H. G. Pickslay. 

All Saints' Parish. In 1876 a mission was started in that part of St. Mark's parish known as 
Orange Valley, under Mr. J. B. Van Wagenen, of St. Mark's vestry, as lay-reader. Its first location 
was in the old school-house, corner of Valley Road and Forest Street. It was subsequently removed 
to a cottage on the corner of Freeman and Tompkins Streets. In November, 187S, the Rev. William 
Richmond came to St. Mark's as curate, and took charge of the mission in the Valley. It soon out- 
grew its quarters and it became necessary to build a chapel. Mrs. A. J. Harrison gave as a site a lot 
30 X 100 feet on the corner of Forest and Tompkins Streets, and while the chapel was building Evening 
Prayer was held on Sundays in the parlors of Mrs. Napoleon Stetson, on Tompkins Street. The chapel 
was opened for use, thoroughly equii)pcd, on the fourteenth Sunday after Trinity, September 14, 1879. 
with a celebration of the Holy Eucharist, about eighty-five communicants being present. This chapel 
was known as St. Mark's chapel. From this time the regular offices were the Holy Eucharist, at 7.30 
on Sundays and Holy Days, and Evening Prayer on Sunday afternoons. Shortly after, a Sunday School 
was opened in the house on Tompkins Street next to the chapel. This house became known as the 
Mission House, and here work of various kinds was conducted. In October, 1881, the Rev. Harr>' 



170 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

McDowell entered on duty as junior curate of St. Mark's and took up his residence in the Mission 
House. He was succeeded in August, 1883, by the Rev. Gilbert R. Underbill. The Rev. James A. 
Williams, D. I)., rector of St. Mark's, died September 2, 1883, and soon after the Rev. William Rich- 
mond and the Rev. Gilbert R. Underbill resigned. 

The chapel continued under the various clergy temporarily engaged at St. Mark's during the vacanc\' 
in the rectorship, and for a few months under the Rev. Bishop Falkner, the successor of Dr. Williams. 
Ill April, 1885, St. Mark's parish was divided and that part of it south of Glebe Street extending to 
the line of South Orange was erected into a new parish. The district between Glebe Street and 
Central Avenue was subsequently cut off from the new parish and made part of St. Mark's. On April 
13, those interested in the new parish met in the Mission House, Mr. J. B. Van Wagenen in the chair, 
and took the necessary measures for incorporation, adopting the name of All Saints' Church and electing 
Wardens — J. B. Van Wagenen and Robert N. Drew; Vestrymen — John Young, C. G. Kidder, H. R. 
Terhune, I. Cryder Lee and P. F. Timpson. The vestry met the same evening and elected Mr. P. F. 
Timpson secretary and Mr. J. B. Van Wagenen treasurer, and by unanimous vote elected the Rev. 
William Richmond, S. T. B., rector. The election was accepted and the rector assumed the charge of the 
parish on the Second Sunday after Easter, April 19, 1885. The number fjf communicants was about 
175. The chapel became All Saints' Church and the Mission House became the rectory. The building 
of a parish hall as an annex to the rectory was undertaken and it was opened for use in October, 1885. 
Lanil was acquired for the building of a new church on the corner of Forest and X'alley Streets, and 
ground was broken November 12, 1885. The plans were drawn for a large stone church, but it was 
deemed wise to build only so much of it as would be needed for some years to come. The cluirch was 
opened for use on the second Sumlay after Easter, April 24, 1887, and the old church became once 
more the chapel. From this time a vested choir of men and boys was maintained. The daily Morning 
and Evening Prayer began with Advent, 1885; the daily Eucharist, with All Saints' Daj-. 1893. 

A large amount of property was gradually acquired and the parish now (1896) has on one plot a 
church, a chapel, a parish hall, a rectory, a curate's house, a sisters' house, a young men's club-house, an 
embroidery house, and one building rented for a shop and dwelling-house. From the beginning the 
"free church" principal has been adopted, and for all purposes — current expenses and all expenses of 
purchase, building, equipment, etc. — the parish has depended entirely on the ofTerings placed in the 
alms-basins at public worship, without resorting to pew rents, subscription lists, fairs or the like. The 
scats are unassigned. The number of communicants in May, 1896, was 378. At different times since 
the erection of the parish the l\e\'. J. W. Elliott, tlie Rev. Edward Benedict and the Rev. G. H. 
Sharpley have been curates, and in addition to the original vestrymen, Messrs. William 1?. Bmilton, 
Edward C. Clay, F. W. Child, C. S. Trench, H. E. Kimball, H. T. Van Nostrand, Charles R. Wilmot, 
II. E. Matlheus, II. I. W. Davis and C. A. Balbach have served. 

St. Paul's Church, East Orange, corner of Prospect Street aiul Renshaw .As-ciiuc. The move- 
ment which led to the organization of this church began in the spring of 1869, in the dist-'ict which is 
still known as Watsessing, under the Re\'. William H. Carter, D. D., rector of Christ Church, Bloom- 
field. It began with a cottage service held at the residence of Isaac B. Grififin. This service continued 
regularly until the erection of a chapel on Myrtle Street, a lot for the same having been presented by 
Mr. Charles Hcnrichs. The chapel was opened for service by Dr. Carter, January 30, 1870, and the 
congregation continued to worship there for five years. Permission being granted, the lot upon which 
the chapel stood was sold for S450 and a larger lot was purchased on Dodd Street, East Orange, for 
$1,600. The old chapel was removed from Myrtle to Dodd Street and a chancel was added to it in 
August, 1875. This chapel remained a part of the parochial work of Christ Church, Bloomfield, until 
Eastertide, 1876, when the congregation decided to sever all connection with the Bloomfield parish and 
take a position as an independent mission. The parochial organization was effected November 17, 
1876, and on the 22d of November following the new j^arish was admitted into union with the Diocesan 



The Foundeks and Builders of the Oranges. 171 

Convention under the name of St. Paul's Church, of East Orange. The first vestry chosen was: 
Wardens.— John Ely, John Sherman. Vestrymen.— James Farmiloe, John A. Ely. John W. Wiseman. 
T. C. Hailey and Stephen Gilson. Rev. William White Wilson was elected as the first rector. He 
entered upon his duties May 14, 1S76 and remained until June, iSSo. Uruler his administration the 
congrei^ation increased so rapidly that it was found necessary to enlarge the buililing and in 1877 a wing 
was added, at a cost of $1,550. In October, 1880, Rev. Daniel I. Edwards became rector, assisted by 
his son, Rev. George H. Edwards. The elder Edwards rem.dned in active service until he was stricken 
with paralysis, in January, 1883. In August of the same year his son took charge, continuing until 
1885, when he was succeeded by Rev. J. P. Faucon, who entered upon his duties November 27 of that 
year and remained for seven years. On Advent Sunday, November 27, 1S92, Rev. John W. Williams 
began his labors as rector and is still in ofifice. 

A lot wiis purchased in 1893 on the corner of Prospect Street and Kenshaw Avenue, at a cost of 
$3,000. Work was begun in July, 1895, and the building completed in January, 1896. The dedication 
ceremonies were held on Saturday, January 25. The services were conducted by the Rev. Dr. Walpole, 
a.ssisted by Rev. Mr. Reazer, of St. Mark's Church. The sermon was preached by Rev. Dr. Christian, 
from Psalms cx.xii ; 2. The dedication services were continued on Sunday, when a special historical 
sermon was preached by Rev. Anthony Schuyler, D. D., of Grace Church, who took for his subject 
"Some Recollections of a ministry of Forty Years in the Episcopal Church." His text was from 
Deut. iv ; 32: " For ask now of the days tkat are past." 

The new church edifice is built of Pompton granite laid in irregular ashlar in fourteenth century 
gothic style. The walls are solidly built, two feet in thickness and si.xteen feet high to the eave line. 
The roof is single peaked with the gable end on the street. In this are double fold entrance doors with 
a lancet window on each side and a cross mullioned wiiulnw above. The ground plan is 85 x 39, the side 
walls being plastered to the eaves, the roof suiiported b)- simple cross trusses and the ceiling being of 
narrow North Carolina pine, oil finished. The chancel is twenty-six feet deep, of which twelve feet is 
the sanctuary and the remainder the choir. The furnishings of the church are neat and in good taste 
and are mostly gifts and memorials. The choir stalls of quartered oak are the gift of Walter and 
Margaret Kerr; the handsome sanctuary rail in memorj- of Mrs Nanc\- Wilde, "the mother and founder 
of the church." The neat credence table on the right of the altar is the gift of the Altar Guild of the 
church ; the processional cross and the Eucharist candlesticks are the gift of Mrs. William M. Franklin 
and the triple light vesper candelabra are memorial offerings. The pews are of ash of neat design, 
finished in oil. A handsome font of Caen stone, in style to match the altar, was given by Thomas R. 
Creede, as a memorial to his mother. The pulpit was given by Mrs. George McCuUagh as a memorial 
of her father, and a fine literny desk was presented by Mrs. Florence McCullagh. The completion of 
the new church edifice is a monument to the tireless energy and hard work of the rector, the Rev. Joiin 
W. Williams. The total valuation of the present church property is about §22,000. 

Church of the Holy InN0CENT.S, St. Cloud, West Orange. A building was erected here in 1877 
as a memorial to Mrs. Douglas Robinson. It was removed and enlarged the same year. The property 
is valued at about sS,ooo. Trinity Mission, Northfield, was established in connection with this interest. 
The first rector was Rev. T. Jefferson Danner. He was succeeded by Rev. C. H. Stocking. 

St. Andrew's Church, corner Centre Street and Stirling Avenue, Montrose, South Orange. This 
church is locateil in the midst of a thriving community which has grown up within the last few years, 
made up mostly of New York business men. The parish is the offspring of Grace Church, Orange. 
It was organized December 24, 1892, the priest in charge being Rev. Alexander Mann. The new church 
building was begun in 1S92, and was o])ened for service in July, 1893. It is of Indiana stone, a 
very pretty design, and in harmony « ith the surroundings. The first service held in the new building 
wa.s an early celebration of the holy communion, at seven o'clock A. M., on the last Sunday of June, 



172 The Founders and Builders of the ORANOEf,. 

1893, at which about forty of the members of the parish were present and received. In the afternoon, 
at 4.30 o'clock, was the formal opening service. Rev. Alexander Mann, who had been the priest in 
chart^e, made an address of welcome and thanked the Rev. Benjamin Brewster, of the Church of the 
Holv Communion, and Rev. Frank B. Reazer, of St. Mark's Church, for their assistance in estabhshing 
tlie parisli, and alluded to the effective work that had been done by the Brotherhood of St. Andrew in the 
ort^anization of the parish. Rev. Anthony Schuyler, of Grace Church, Rev. Frank 15. Reazer, rector of 
St. Mark's, Rev. Benjamin Brcwsttr, of the Church of the Holy Communion, and Rev. E. B. Boggs, 
secretary of the Diocese of Newark, all participated in the services of the occasion and congratulated 
those who had been instrumental in the organizion of the parish and the excellent work accomplished. 
The present membership of the church is 150. The rector is Rev. Samuel H. Bishop. The 
wardens are H. II. Truman, T. H. Taylor; the vestrymen are W. H. Bradshaw, J. T. Coit, H. C. 
Edminston, II. \V. Thomas, Jos. Van Nostrand. Robert Warren, H. W. Winter. In the Suiida\- School 
thorc are forty-five pupils and nine teachers, with Charles H. Van Nostrand as superintendent. 

HETHODIST CHURCHES. 

FlKSi' M. E. Church, Main Street, Orange. The Methodists were the first of any other ilenomin- 
ation to encroach on the "pre-empted territory" of the old First Church. The early " circuit rider " 
recognized no prior claims but preached the gospel withou* fear or favor wherever and whenever he 
could find people to listen. About 1804, this region formed a small part of Haverstraw circuit and was 
under the charge of Rev. Barney Matthias. The circuit was of great extent and the preacher rode 
from place to place preaching in school-houses, in private houses, and frequently in barns. The popula- 
tion was small and scattered and the preacher enjoyed hard work and small pay. At a quarterly 
meeting held at the barn of Martiny Hogencamp. in Clarkstown, Rockland County, N. Y., November 
I, 1805, there is an account gi\en of the amount collected from the different classes. The amount 
received was !535.24 and the faithful preacher received as his salary for a quarter of the year, $27.68, 
with which he mounted his horse and rode on his way rejoicing. In 181 1 the circuit was divided and 
this region became a part of Bergen circuit. It included Orange, Newark, Fort Lee. Paterson, in New 
jersey, and Haverstraw and Nyack, in Rockland County, N. Y. 

In 1819-20, Rev. Charles Pitman, an honored name in New Jersey Methodism, traveled Bergen 
circuit, anil while occasionally visiting the house of a Mr. Crane, who lived in what is now Montclair, 
he held services in a school-house at Tory Corners, near the present Rosedale Cemetery. Revs. John 
Potts and Geo. Banghart assisted in maintaining these meetings. Occasional services were continued 
here for several years, but as far as is known no organization was attempted. Rev. Dr. Hoyt, in his 
history of the First Presbyterian Church, says : "A Methodist clergyman some time previously had 
visited Orange (referring to the preaching of Rev. James Wood, in 1824) and preached at a private house 
where a lady of that denomination resided. There were at that time very few Methodists in this place. 
It was the evening of Dr. Hillyer's lecture and the Doctor, on his way home from service, passing the 
place, saw quite a crowd assembled, some of them standing outside the door, among whom was a man 
of his own society who seldom went to church. The next day, meeting this man. the conversation 
turned u[)on the Methodist preacher, and he was asked what he thought of him. 'Why, I thought 
this,' replied Dr. II., 'that I ought to be thankful to God for sending a man here to preach His gospel 
\\ho can get the attention of such men as )'ou. My preaching does you no good, for you don't come 
to hear it. If another man can draw you out I shall be glad, and still more if he is made an instrument 
in bringing you into the kingdom of God.' The result was that the man was seen at Dr. Hillyer's next 
inquir\' meeting and was soon a member of his church." 

In the autumn of 1S2S, Rev. J. N. Crane, w ho then resided in Orange, being desirous of introilucing 
Methodism here, secured a place for worship in the upper room of a house on Main Street, near Cone, 
occupied by a Mr. Bishop, whose wife was a Methodist. Services were held there semi-monthly for 



Tin: Founders anh Riii.dkrs ok tiir Oranges. 173 

several months by Rev. Isaac Winner, of Hellevillc circuit. In .M ucli, 1829, Rev. Jolin Kenneday, of 
the Halsey Street .M. E. Church, Newark, and Rev. Isaac Winner held occasional services in the white 
school-house which occupied the site of the present Brick Church, East Oranye. As the doctrines, 
spirit and aims of Methodism were at that period but little understood in this community, permission 
for the use of the school-house was withheld after a few months. In y\ur;ust of the same year the 
Masonic Hall, on Main Street, was opened for preaching. Calvin Tomj)kins, William Murphy and 
others of the Halsey Street M. E. Church, Newark, had generously rented and furnished the hall for 
divine worship. During the autumn and winter, services were maintained regularly and a revival of 
religion was in continual progress. At this time the first class, of ten members, was formed with Mr. 
James Collins as leader. One month later the class was formally recognized as a part of the Belleville 
circuit, so that September 38, 1829, establishes the date of the organization of the society, comjiosed of 
the following members: James Collins and wife, Richard Malsey and wife, Archibald Lvon. Samantha 
Lyon, Abram Clark, Abram Brantlt, Henry Smith and i\Ir. Barrett. 

This society continued as part of Belleville circuit until the following April (1830), when it was 
embraced in the Bloomfield circuit, under the pastoral care of Rews. David Bartine and John L. Gilder. 
The latter, however, after three months, was transferred to Newark and Rev. Edwin Janes was sent as 
a substitute. On August 24, 1830, the following were elected as the first trustees: Calvin Tompkins, 
William Murphy, Henry Wilde, John E. Edwards, Richard Kelsall, Archibald Lyon, and James Collins. 
On September 20, the board organized witk the following ofificers : James Collins, President ; Henry 
Wilde, Secretary; John E. Edwards, Treasurer. At this time it was decided to purchase the lot on the 
west side of the Masonic Hall belonging to Dr. Babbit (upon which the present edifice now stands), and 
a contract was made with Amos A. Harrison to erect a frame church 40 x 50 feet, with galleries and 
basement, for the sum of $2,620. The corner-stone was soon after laid and in about a year — in the 
autumn of 1831 — the church was dedicated. As Bloomfield was a four weeks circuit and could not 
possibly supplj' the new society with preaching except at long intervals, local preachers were largely 
employed and rendered valuable assistance. Among these were John Dow, Henry Hopkins, John Lee, 
William Lee, Abram Smith, William Sandford, Messrs. Mitchell, Taylor, Buckley, Cross, Hunter, J. S. 
Swain and I. N. Felch. The two last named afterward became ministers in the New Jersey Conference. 

In April, 1S32, the societ}' was taken from the Bloomfield circuit and made into a distinct charge. 
Rev. Edmund S. Janes, subsequent!}- elected Bishop of the Methodist Episcopal Church, became, by 
appointment of the Philadelphia Conference, the first resident pastor of the Orange Church. At this 
time the church numbered eighty-eight members. It is proper to state that Rev. Mr. Janes won the 
confidence and esteem of all Christians in Orange by his sincere devotion, his personal attractiveness, 
his generous catholicity and his acknowledged talents. He did very much to remove existing prejudices 
and misapprehensions regarding Methodist doctrines and usages. In 1833 ^'^^ society was re-united to 
Bloomfield circuit, which relation was continued until 1837 when it again became a separate ajjpoint- 
ment. In 1838 it was united with Caldwell for one year and since then it has remained a separate 
station. During 1859 ^^^^ frame church which had been used for twenty-eight years was replaced by 
the present brick and stone structure, the former building being removed to the rear and used as a chapel. 

In 1868, during the pastorate of Rev. Dr. Dashiell, it became quite apparent that a second 
Methodist Episcopal Church was needed in Orange, and in the latter part of the following year, 1S69, 
quite a number of members left and organized the Calvary M. E. Church, East Orange. The following 
persons constituted a Board of Trustees for the new enterprise: A. B. Taj-lor, George J. Ferr\-, Albert 
Mann, John Marshall and A. S. Townsend. The members of the new church had the fullest sympathj- 
of the parent society in their separation. In 1879, September 28 and 29, occurred the semi-centennial 
anniversary of the church, which was observed by a celebration appropriate to the event. Services of 
the most interesting character were held. The presence and addresses of many of the former pastors 
and the social reunion of the members of the church and leading citizens of other denominations in 
Orange, made it an occasit)n long to be remembered. 



174 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



During the sixty-five years of its existence the cluirch has been served by the following thirty-eight 
pastors consecutively: Revs. David Bartine, John L. Gilder, Edwin Janes. L. M. Prettyman, Enoch 
Reed, Edmund S. Janes, J. V. Potts, J. Cunningham, W. Burrows, J. S. Swain, W. Robertson, A. 
Gilmore, B. Day, S. W. Decker, C. S. Downs, \Y. P. Corbit. M. E. Ellison, J. S. Corbit, J. T. Crane, 
T. H. Smith, J. K. Burr, A. M. Palmer, S. W. Ililliard, J. .M. Freeman, L. R. Dunn, J. O. Rogers, 
R. Vanhorne, R. L. Dashiell, J. Hanlen, Wm. Day, J. J. Reed, J. H. Knowles, Jos. A. Owen, J. R. 
Wright, W. Tunison, V. A. Mason, G. P. Eckman and L. R. Streeter. The present trustees of the 
church are: John J. Ferine, Wilbur S. Knowles, Samuel F. Jayne, Augustus Bloodgood, James H. 
George, Henry Townley, Thos. J. Preston, Andrew Merwin and Robert F. Birdsall. The value of the 
church property is about $40,000. The membership is 500. The seating capacity of the church is 
about 700. The Sunday School numbers 300 scholars and 33 officers and teachers; Wilbur S. Knowles 
is superintendent. A movement is now in progress looking to the erection of a new church building in 
a more eligible locality. 



Calvary M. E. Church. For more than half a century the Methodists residing in East and 
West Orange continued to worship in the First Methodist Churcli. on Main Street. Orange. During 
this term there was a constant increase in the 
membership, and early in the sixties the neces- 
sity for a new organization became apparent. ^ , 
The expediency of organizing a new church 
was seriously discussed in 1868, during tlie 
pastorate of Rev. K. L. Dashiell, D. D., and the 
movement began in earnest the following year. 
At that time N. B. Taylor, Albert Mann, Geo. 
J. Ferry, John Marshall and A. S. Townsend 
were constituted a board of trustees for the con- 
templated enterprise. A lot was purchased and 
a brick edifice, with brown-stone trimmings, 
was erected. This was dedicated July 12, 1870. 
The church was organized with thirty-seven 
members, and the following constituted the 
first official board of trustees: N. B. Ta\-lor, 
Albert Mann, George J. Ferry, A. S. Towns- 
end and John Marshall. The members of the 
old or parent society were in full sympathy 
with the new organization and rendered valu- 
able aid at the beginning. Under the first 
pastor, the Rev. Charles Ryman, who began 
his labors April i, 1870, the cluirch made con- 
siderable progress. Rev. J. B. Faulks, his 

successor, began in 1872 and continued until the spring of 1875, and was followed by Re\'. D. W. 
Bartine, D. D. Rev. J. B. Faulks was again called to the pastorate in 1878 and remained three years. 
The Rev. M. D. Church was the next pastor, and he was succeeded by Rev. Charles E. Little, in April, 
1884. There had been a steady growth from year to year and the church at this time had a member- 
ship of 182, while the Sunday School numbered about 200, including ofificers, teachers and scholars. 
The necessity for increased accommodations became apparent and accordingly a large plot of ground 
was purchased on the corner of Walnut and Main Streets, for §13,000. Plans for a new church edifice 
were drawn by J. R. Thomas, architect, and ground was broken August 5, 1885. The first shovelful of 
earth was removed by Mrs. Eliza Taylor, one of the oldest members of the cIuhlIi and a liberal 




CALV.\Ry M. E. CHURCH, OKANGi;. 



The Founders and Brii.DERs of the Oranges. 175 

contributor to the building fund. It was expected the building would be completed in the summer of 
the following year; it was not, however, until January, 1S87, that the building was ready for occupancy. 
It was formally dedicated on Sunday, January 30, at which time morning, afternoon and evening services 
were held. Among those who took part on this occasion were: IJishop Randolph S. Foster, D. D., 
L.L. D., the Rev. S. F. Upham, D. D., the Rev. Henry A. ]?uttz. D. D., the Rev. A. L. Brice, D. \)., 
the Rev. Morris D. Church, the Rev. J. 15. Faulks, and the pa.stor. Rev. Charles E. Little. The 
dedicatory sermon was preached by Bishop Foster, from I TinKjthy, i ; 15 : "This is a faithful saying 
and worthy of all acceptation, that Christ Jesus came into the world to save sinners." The afternoon 
service was conducted by Rev. S. F. Upham, D. D., who preached from Psalms Ixi ; 1,2,3. The 
evening service was by Rev. IIcnr\- A. Huttz. ]). 1)., who took Idr his te.\t, II John, i.\. Special services 
were held in the church during the week following. 

The building is well located and presents a fine appearance. It is of Hummelston stone, squared 
and rock faced. The total cost, including the organ and furnishing, was a little over $78,000. Of this 
amount, S/.ooo was covered by the sale of the old church property and the balance was raised mostly 
by subscription, so that the church was dedicated free from debt. The size of the lot is 90 x 165 feet. 
The main building has a seating capacity of about 800. The addition of a gallery at a later period 
increased the seating accommodations about 300. The new building was completed and occupied 
during the pastorate of Rev. Charles E. Little. He was succeeded by Rev. Henry Spellmeyer, who 
remained about five years and was followed by Rev. H. B. Kendig, whose pastorate covered a period of 
three years. He was succeeded by Rev. James R. Dobbins, who began his labors in 1894. This is now 
one of the most flourishing and successful churches in Essex County, the present membership being 
over 800. The Sunday School has had a steady growth since the date of its organization, the present 
membership now being between 400 and 500, with an average attendance of about two-thirds. The 
officers of the school are: Superintendent, Samuel (). Church ; Ass't Sup't, George W. Da\is ; Second 
Ass't, F. M. Jeffray; Intermediate Department, E. V. Morster; Primary, A. S. Wilson. 

Methodist Episcopal Church, of Maplewood. The beginnings of this little church was in 
no wise an exception to the rule in church organization. It was, indeed, "a day of small things," often 
despised and often discouraged, j'ct steadily gaining ground and never despairing. Excepting the 
Presbyterian, the religion which began here anti-dates all other churches in the Oranges. On December 
7, 1811, a plot of ground "on the corner of the highway and Bear Lane" was donated by Caleb Durand 
to " the Baptist Society of Jefferson Village," and a neat, substantial meeting-house erecteil thereon. 
Elder Joseph Gildersleeve was in charge of this society for nearly half a century. He died in 1846 and 
with his death the organization ceased to hold further services. The little chapel soon became 
dilapidated and was fast going to decay when a proposition was made to the trustees by a few Methodist 
brethren who for several years had been holding meetings in the village, to have the property conveyed 
to them, they agreeing to repair the building and properly furnish the same for the services of the 
Methodist Episcopal Church. This proposition was accepted and on July 10, 1858, Noah Ball and 
John B. Clark, surviving trustees of the Baptist Society, by deed conveyed the propert)' to Charles M. 
Ball, Calvin H. Gardner, Odell Trenchard and Edward Badger as trustees of the Methodist Episcopal 
Church of Jefferson Village. 

From this date, i8;8, to 1870, the society was reported in the minutes of the annual conference 
under that name, the Methodist Society of South Orange being one with them in their organization 
until the latter date, when the two societies reported separately to the conference and the name of the 
Methodist Episcopal Church of Maplewood was adopted. The withdrawal of the South Orange 
Society was a severe blow to the prospects of the Maplewood Church, yet they struggled manfully 
against the adverse current, striving by every honorable measure to sustain their organization although 
it soon became apparent that they could not grow in strength, situated as they were, nearer to South 



176 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

Oran<Te than to the resident part of Maplewood. So, in 18S8, bj' the vote of the congregation, the 
trustees were directed to purchase a plot of ground on Lennox Place, near Ridgewood Road. On this 
site a foundation was prepared and the church edifice removed and placed upon it after a thorough 
rebuilding and enlargement. The chuich was opened for service on Sunday, December 14, 1890. 
The last service in the old church was on May 4, and the corner-stone of the new church was laid June 
28 following. The new edifice is sixty feet long by t\\ent}--seven feet wide, and \ery comfortably seats 
225 persons. The entire cost of lots and building was subscribed for at the time of the opening service, 
and in one year from that date the church celebrated the day by declaring every debt paid and a 
property valued at ^7,000 standing in their name. Tliey have since that time purchased an additional 
lot on the easterly side of the church, intending at an early day to erect a parsonage thereon. 

As before mentioned, the first trustees were Charles M. Ball, Calvin H. Gardner, Odell Trenchard 
and Edward Badger. They continued in ofifice until 1870, when Daniel H. Carpenter and VVm. H. 
Smith succeeded Messrs. Trenchard and Badger and, with a brief interval, have so officiated until the 
present date. The first pastor, after the purchase of the building in 1858, was the Rev. H. G. Gardon, 
who subsequently removed to Texas where he died. In 1868 Rev. Colin Murchison, D. D., of South 
Carolina, was in charge. He was a man of marked ability and spotless integrity. He was succeeded 
bv Rev. Robert M. Lockwood, to whom the church is, perhaps, more indebted for its first real and 
regular place in the lists of the conference churches than any other minister. No self-denial or labor 
which wdvild benefit the temporal or spiritual interest of the church was irksome to him. He was 
greatly beloved by the people and his memory is precious to them. On account of his health he 
lemoved to Georgia, becoming a member of the Methodist church, South. He died at Thomasville, 
Ga., November 29, 1886. 

From about 1870 to 1888 the pulpit was mostly supplied by students from the Drew Seminary, 
and the church well remembers the names of Tilley, Marshall. Crawford, Hammond, Warren, Ervin, 
Ward and others. It is worthy of remark that the last sermon that Bishop Janes preached was in this 
little church, in 1876. He was the guest of Mr. Daniel H. Carpenter, to whom he remarked: "I 
preached in this church in 1832 and have since then traveled thousands of miles, yet have never for- 
gotten my early days on this circuit and the rides through this beautiful valley." In 1888 the Rev. 
John I. Morrow was appointed pastor, and he at once, with wise forethought, saw the necessity of 
immediate action in order to preserve the church organization, and to him belongs the credit of the 
movement which resulted in establishing the church in its present locality. For three years he labored 
faithfully and efificiently for the upbuilding of the society. None kimw him but to love him. May he 
long be spared in the blessed work of the Master. 

For nearly a quarter of a century Mr. William H. Smith has been the superintendent of the Sabbath 
School, as well as treasurer, steward and trustee of the society. He has at all times borne the burden 
in financial straits with willingness, and never let the name of the cluirch be dishonored by protest or 
debt. Miss ^^-^nnie Freeman has long been the faithful secretary of the Sabbath School, and still 
continues to officiate. She also led the choir on the organ or piano up to a recent date, ant! is endeared 
to every member of the church by her love to it and her earnest work for its welfare. The membership, 
though still small, is steadily increasing, and the prospects of the society were never brighter. The 
present pastor is the Rev. Louis R. Dunn, a veteran in the ministry, lo\cd by all. 

South Orange M. E. Church. Prospect Street, South Orange. This church was organized in 
1848. Its history would form an interesting contribution to the "Religious History of the Oranges," 
but no one seems to have taken interest enough to gather the materials and put them into shape. 
Rev. Mr. Palmer, the pastor, was applied to personally by the writer in the summer of 1895, and 
promised to have the material ready by the early autumn, which he failed to do. Repeated applica- 
tions to the pastor in 1896 have met with no better success. A directory of the Oranges, published 



THii Founders and IU-ii.oers of the Oranges. 177 

some years ago, gives the membcrsliip at that time as 86, and states that the present church edifice- 
frame, semi-Gothic, spire So feet high— was built in 1874, and the value of the property at tliat time 
(about 1880) was $15,000. 

Tin: Fkrrv M. E. Ciujkcii. of Kast Orange, N. J. The iiistory of this church is traced back to 
the year 1872, when cottage prayer-mcctings were held one night in each week in the neighborhood. 
In the year 1873, tluring special revival interest under Rev. H. liurns, pastor of the VVatsessing M. E. 
Church, preaching services were held one night in each week in the old Franklin school-house, Rev. 
Mr. Burns anil others conducting them. In 1874 the membership of those interested in this opening 
work was transferred from the Watsessing to tiie First M. E. Church, of Orange, and an organization 
was formed as a mission under the direction of that church. A Sunday School was at once formed and 
Lewis Kutchcr was appointed superintendent. Stephen Heardman and George Faller were united 
with him in this work. 

Rev. E. E. Burriss, of Drew Seminary, was secured as a regular supply at the handsome salary of 
one dollar a week. Prosperity attended his efforts, for in the fall this was increased to three dollars and 
the following year to si.x dollars a week. Brother Burriss labored with them during 1874 and 1875. 
Preaching service was held every Sabbath evening in the old Franklin school-house, which was secured 
at the rent of four dollars per month. During the years 1876, 1877 and 1878, supplies were furnished 
through the First Church, of Orange, Rev. John Scarlet and Dr. Gray doing a large part of the work. 
In 1879 Rev. Edward S. Ferry took charge of the mission. His labors resulted in the erection of the 
chapel which stood unaltered till 1895. A lot 50 x lOO feet, fronting on Dodd Street, near the corner of 
North Park, w.is purchased and a building capable of seating comfortably about 150 people, witli class 
room and library additional, was erected. The building was dedicated in the fall of 1880. The 
statement made at the time of dedication was as follows: Cost of lot, S500 ; cost of building, $2,600; 
furnituie, $300. This sum had been provided for, with the exception of $1,200, which was subscribed 
on the day of dedication. Rev. J. A. Owens, pastor of the First M. E. Church, of Orange, conducted 
the dedication services. Rev. J. H. Knowles, the presiding elder, was present and with Rev. J. B. 
Faulks, of Newark, Rev. J. H. Marr, pastor of the Bethel Presbyterian Church, Rev. J. L. Davis, of 
the Washington Street Baptist Church, and Rev. John Scarlet, took part in the exercises. The sermon 
was delivered by Dr. H. A. Buttz, of Drew Seminary, and Mr. George J. Ferry, father of the pastor, 
managed the financial part of the programme. 

For three months in 1881 Rev. J. M. Keck, of Drew Seminary, took charge of the mission, after 
which it was dependent for supply upon Rev. J. A. Owens, Rev. Lewis F. Burgess, assistant pastor of 
the First M. E. Church, and Rev. John Scarlet. Rev. J. A. Richards was pastor during 1882; Rev. F. 
T. J'ogers in 1883 and 1S84. In 1885 Re\'. F. S. Sininions, then studying at Drew Seminary, was 
ap|joi]ited by the presiding elder to take charge of the mission. Under his pastorate an important step 
was taken, namelj-, the organization of the Ferry Methodist Episcopal Church, of East Orange as an 
inde[)cndent church. The separation from the First Church of Orange was secured by the assumption 
of a mortgage of $1,100, which had been placed upon the property since its dedication. The organiza- 
tion took place on June 20, 1886. Rev. A. L. Brice, presiding elder; Rev. F. S. Simons, pastor; George 
Faller, Earnest Condit, T. Douglas Baker, Ferdinand Gross and Milton Ta)'lor, trustees; Louis Kutcher, 
Sunday School Superintendent. The membership at that time numbered about fifty and the Sunday 
School about seventy-five. 

In 1887 Rev. Thomas E. Davenport was appointed pastor; in the spring of 1S88 Rev. F. S. 
Simmons returned for another year's work ; in 1889 and 189O Rev. R. F. Bayliss served the charge, and 
in the spring of 1891 Rev. C. S. Kemble commenced a successful pastorate of three years. By the 
constant efforts of the last named pastors the mortgage had been growing less and less, and before 
Mr. Kemble's work was finished, it was canceled. His last year saw a neat pipe organ valued at $Soo 
placed in the church. Rev. Gardener Howland was appointed to the charge in April, 1894. Under the 



178 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

preceding pastor the congregations had been increasing till an enlargement of tlie building seemed 
necessary. This was determined upon before the close of 1894 and work was commenced as early as 
possible in 1895. The building as it stands at the present writing was dedicated on May 26, 1895. 
The improvements were made at a cost of $2,000 for the building and about $250 for the furnishing. The 
furnishing was provided for by the Ladies' Aid Society and the Epworth League. The money for 
building was borrowed — $500 from friends and $1,500 by a mortgage on the property; $1,200 was 
secured in subscriptions on the day of dedication, which, when paid, will leave a balance of $800 due. 
The auditorium of the present building will seat from 250 to 300 people and the lecture room nearly 
100 more. A movable partition separates these rooms, so that tliey can be thrown into one when 
occasion requires. The present membership of the church numbers about 100, and the Sunday School 
about 125. 

Sandford Street M. E. Church. This was organized as a mission school about July, 1S27, 
under the following circumstances: Miss C. Lindsley, one of the members of the First Methodist 
Church, of Orange, was visiting a family in the neighborhood, and learning that there were quite a 
number of children in the vicinity, suggested to her sister that it would be a good thing to canvass the 
neighborhood and ascertain whether a sufficient number of children could be found to establish a school. 
The result was that a school was organized Sunday, August i, 1873, o" the upper floor of Mr. Lindsley's 
carpenter shop. Mr. F. E. Daum was the superintendent and continued until 1877, when he was 
succeeded by Henry Roberts. In 1875 a lot was donated to the mission by Dr. \'ail and a chapel 
erected thereon, at a cost of about $2,600, the money being raised by subscription. The chapel was 
dedicated by Bishop Janes. 

In the early part of 1896 the building was removed from its former site to the corner of Sandford 
Street and Central Avenue, where there is a demand for a church. The opening services were held on 
Sunday, February 23, 1896. Rev. Henry Spellmeyer, of Central Church, Newark, formerly pastor of 
Calvary M. E. Church, Orange, preached in the morning. I\ev. John V. Dobbins, of Calvary Church, 
and Rev. L. B. Streeter, D. D., of the First M. E. Church, Orange, and a rej^resentative of the Mispah 
Brotherhood, delivered addresses in the afternoon, and Rev. A. H. Tuttle, D. D., of Roseville I\L E. 
Church, preached in the evening. 




CHAFTKI'^ XIV 





RELIGIOUS HISTORY OF THE ORANGES, CONTINUED. 

BAPTIST CHURCHES. 

RST B.M'TIsr CllUKCH, corner of Main Street and Hawthorne Avenue, East Orange. 
1 lie organization of this cluirch was wholly independent of all other Baptist churches 
m the county and began with a small English settlement, under the leadership of 
John Hatt and his son Joel. The latter came first in 1830 and his father followed 
,,r^S' "^'"^ "^^"^ ^'^^^' J°s''i'i' tlie youngest son of John Hatt, afterwards graduated at an 
'' ■'^^ M' American college and became a Baptist preacher. These men, with their families, 
made up a little colony of seventeen souls, most of whom had united with the 
Baptist Church in England, under the preaching of Rev. John Howard Hinton. 
Soon after their arrival in this country a Sunday School was organized in the house 
of John Hatt, which was conducted for some time by William Peloubet, as super- 
intendent. Julia Ball, who kept a select school in a small school-house on Grove 
Street, kindh- offered the use of it on Sunda\-s, and some time later the use of the public school on 
Main Street was secured for this [nirpose and religious services were also held there. 

The first efforts at a church organization began in December, 1836, and religious services were 
conducted for a few months at the school-room and also at the house of John Hatt. , The latter had 
been licensed as a preacher in the old country, and at the beginning of the new movement here 
conducted the services. A council was called, which met on June 16, 1837, and the First Baptist Church, 
of Orange, was duly constituted, consisting of the following fourteen members, viz.: John Hatt, Ann 
Hatt, Joel Hatt, Rachel Hatt, William Hatt, Samuel Self, Sarah Self, John Thatcher, Michael Smithers, 
Ann Smithers, John L. Lloyd, Eliz.i Lloyd, George Hawes, Charlotte Hawes. The only absentee on 
this occasion was the wife of Joel Hatt, and on the same day there was born to her a child who has 
since become a worthy successor of his father and grandfather in the church. For three years the 
church had no settled pastor, for the reason that the members were unable to support one, and the only 
financial aid received from outside sources was from the Hudson River Baptist Association. Onl\- 
fifteen were added to the church during this period, ten of whom were by baptism. 

In 1S40 Elder John Butham was called as pastor and continued for about a year. The Sunday 
School, which had been given up for a time, was reorganized, and two years later Miss Rachel Hatt, 
daughter of Joel Hatt, became teacher of the infant class, she being at that time only fourteen years of 
age. As teacher, and later as the wife of Rev. William D. Hedden, the pastor, she has been one of 
the most efficient helpers and godly supporters the cluuch has ever had. On January 3, 1843. ^^v. 
Josiah Hatt, son of John, the patriarch and founder of the church, was ordained as pastor, he having at 
that time recently graduated at Madison University, N. V. The sermon on this occasion was preached 
by Rev. Spencer H. Cone. The church received an addition of forty during that year, thirty-one of 
whom were by baptism. The same year a lot was purchased on the corner of what is now the D. L. 
& W. R. R. and Maple Avenue, and the corner-stone of the first Baptist church edifice in the Oranges 
was laid on August 30, 1843. It was a modest looking structure with no attempt at architectural 
display, and had a seating capacity of about four hundred. Rev. Josiah Hatt resigned in 1844, and 
was succeeded on November 10, following, by Rev. Isaac M. Church. The membership had increased at 
this time to eighty-tliree. In 1S46 Deacon John Hatt, the founder of the church and one of its most 



iSo The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

cnero-etic builders, was called to his reward; his loss was deeply deplored. Rev. Isaac M. Church 
resigned in April, 1848, and was succeeded on January 3, 1849, by Rev. James McLeod, who remained 
until 1851. He was followed by Rev. Edward T. Munt, who resigned after nine months' service. A 
few members withdrew that year to organize the Bloomfield Baptist Church. 

Rev. William D. Hedden was called as pastor on May 13, 1855, and continued until June 22, 1S56, 
and in October, 1857, an invitation was extended to William B. Matchett, but not being regularly 
ordained as a Baptist minister, he retired in 1858, and Rev. William D. Hedden was recalled and 
continued his pastorate without intermission until February i, 1882. During this time the church grew 
in numbers and influence, although it passed through periods of financial depres'^ion and discouragement. 
A legacy of one thousand dollars was left to the church in 1858 by Col. IMicajah Reynolds, of East 
Newark, but during the next decade, which included the period of the Civil War, the church suffered 
financial loss as well as a loss of a number of its members whose names were enrolled on the "roll of 
honor" in their country's service. The winter of 1875-6 was an eventful period in the history of this 
church. A great revival took place at that time which resulted in a large addition to the church 
membership. In 1880 the number of active members as shown by the church rolls was 173. On 
February i. 1882, Rev. William D. Hedden resigned the pastorate of the church and in May following 
the twenty-fifth anniversary of his pastorate was celebrated in a manner befitting the occasion, and at 
the same time a floating debt on the church of six hundred dollars was paid off. 

Mr. Hedden was born at Orange, N. J., November 6, 1828. He entered Madison University in 
1846 and was graduated at Rochester University, and in 1853, at the Rochester Theological Seminary. 
Immediately after his graduation he married Miss Rachel Hatt, daughter of John Hatt, one of the 
founders of the First Baptist Churcli, of Orange. His first pastorate was at Meridian, Cayuga County, 
N. v., where he was ordained in October, 1853. I" '856 he accepted a call from the First Baptist 
Church, of Orange, where he labored with great success for twenty-five years. He resigned in March, 
1882, and in February of the following year entered upon the pastorate of the First Baptist Church, of 
I'cekskill, N. Y., where he labored zealously for seven years, till April, 1S90, when, owing to failing 
health, he was compelled to resign. He found the church in debt and left it free from all financial 
burdens. He returned to his home in Orange, where he died December 24, 1890. He received his 
degree of D. D. from Columbia University. He was the author of two books, "Sunshine Among the 
Clouds," and " Bridal Days." Of his widow, still living (1896), it may be truly said : "Sheopeneth 
her mouth with wisdom and in her tongue is the law of kindness. She looketh well to the ways of 
her household and eateth not the bread of idlenes.s. Her children arise up and call her blessed ; her 
husband also, and he praiseth her." 

Rev. William F. Ta\-lor was called to the pastorate on July i, 1S81, and continued until 1S91, and 
was succeeded by Rev. J. A. Chambliss, D. D. In 18S7, a lot was purchased by the church, on the 
corner of Main Street and Hawthorne Avenue, 85 x 200 feet. The corner-stone of a new church edifice 
was laid by Mrs. Rachel Hedden, daughter of Joel Hatt and granddaughter of John Hatt, the founder of 
the church and wife of Rev. William D. Hedden, for twenty-five years its pastor. The present 
membership of the church is 365. Under the pastorate of Dr. Chambliss, begun September, i, 1889, 
there has been an addition of 243 members. The present officers of the church are: Deacons. —Philip 
A. Harrison, Thomas Davis, C. W. Bleecker, C. T. Miller, E. J. Hill, F. G. Allen. W. 11. \'. Reimer. 
There is a board of seven trustees, of which John B. Manning is president. In addition to the Sunday 
School there arc five auxiliary societies. The Sunday School has a membership of 230, with Albert 
T. Davis as Superintendent. 

The North Orange Baptist Church, Main Street, opposite Park Street. During the years 
1855 to 1857 a number of families moved into Orange from Brooklyn and New York who had been 
prominently identified with Baptist churches in those cities and who naturally desired to have a church 
of their own faith in Orange. On May 10, 1857, at the invitation of these resident Baptists, Rev. E. E. 



Tut: Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



i8i 



L. Taylor, D. D., then the popular pastor of the Strong Place Haptist Cluircli, in Hrooklyn, preached in 
the Waverly Hall, at Orange — a hall long since burned down and the name forgotten by all but the 
oldest residents. Following that service the Nortii Orange ]?aptist Sunday Scliool was organized, and 
Mr. Samuel Colgate elected superintendent. Preaching services were held each Sunday, but it was not 
till August 3, 1857, that it was decided to organize a Haptist church, and not till November 4 that the 
organization was completed, with twenty-seven constituent members. On November 5, 1857, a council 
of ]?aptist churches was held for the public recognition of the North Orange Baptist Church and for 
the ordination of its first pastor. 

During the early history of the chuicli the wisdom, energy 
and enthusiasm of its leaders had a great influence in giving 
to the church its character and methods of work and led to 
the great success which has always attended its efforts. As 
most of these noble Christian men have passed to their 
heavenly reward, it will not be out of place to mention their 
names in this record : Charles J. Martin, W. M. Price, Samuel 
Colgate, Edwin C. ]5urt, Edwartl Austen, Gardner R. Colby 
and William A. Gellatly. 

Rev. J. B. Morse, of Albany, was ordained and installed 
as pastor November 5, 1857. During his pastorate, which ter- 
minated October I, 1859, there were added to the church thirty- 
six by baptism and fourteen by letter. Rev. George Webster, 
of Catskill, N. Y., entered upon his labors as pastor in Decem- 
ber, 1859, continuing until Ma\' i, 1862. The additions were 
twelve by baptism and nineteen by letter. Rev. George E. 
Horr, of Chicopee, Mass., was installed as pastor October i, 
1862, resigning May i, 1866. To the church were added during 
his ministry, sixty-nine by baptism and forty-five by letter. 
Rev. Joseph F. Elder, who had just completed his studies at 
the Rochester Theological Seminary, was ordained as pastor 

May I, 1867. On January i, 1870, he left to become the pastor of the Madison Avenue Church, 
New York City. There were added to the church during his stay, thirty-one by baptism and twenty- 
five by letter. October 7, 1870, Rev. William Hague, I). D., then a professor in the Theological 
Seminary at Chicago, was chosen pastor, remaining until December, 1874, when, in consequence of 
impaired health, he tendered his resignation. There were added to the church during his ministry, 
si.xty-six by baptism and sixt\' b\- letter. Rev. Edward Judson, a professor in Madison University, was 
invited to become the pastor, and was ordained May 5, 1875. His labors were greatly blessed. During 
his pastorate, 425 were added by baptism, 229 b\' letter and 13 by experience— 667 in all. From an 
overpowering conviction tliat lie ouglit to preach the Gospel to the tlestitute in the lower wards of the 
city of New York, he resigned June i, 1881. On October i, 1S81, Rev. Thomas S. Barbour, from 
Brockport, N. Y., commenced his labors as pastor. He excelled as an organizer, and tlie present Young 
People's Association owes its origin to his thoughtful planning. During his ministry, forty-nine were 
added by baptism and thirty-one by letter. In response to an earnest call from Fall River, Mass., he 
resigned on October i, 1S83. For two years and five months the church was without a pastor, the pulpit 
being supplied during a large portion of the time by Rev. Dr. Weston, President of Crozer Theological 
Seminary. Rev. James T. Dickinson, of Richmond, Va., who was then completing a post-graduate 
course at the University of Virginia, received a call to the pastorate, commencing his labors March I, 
1S86. F'rom that date to the first of May, 1896, the additions to the church were — by baptism 355, 
by letter, 292 ; in all, 647. Total number of members received into the church since its organization, 
'•933- Present membership S61. 




NORTH ORAM^K HAl'TIST CHURCH. 



1 82 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

It is pre-eminently a Missionary Cliiircli, ha\ing contributed to benevolent organizations outside of 
its own home work since its foundation, over §240,000. Nor is it alone in its financial contributions 
that the missionary spirit is shown. From its beginning the church has worked among the poor and 
neglected, seeking to bring those who have no religious habits, to the house of God. Also 
established religious services, mission schools, sewing schools, temperance rooms and helpful 
surroundings elsewhere in the city, thus sending abroad influences in every direction which, long after 
we have passed out of mind, may produce grand results in adding to the kingdom of our Lord and 
Saviour. A special feature of its work has been the higher education of students for the ministr}-. 
Over $73,000 has been contributed to this one object. In the year 1S73 forty students were aided in 
pursuing their studies in different theological seminaries. Among the students thus aided — over 400 in 
all — are many men occupying prominent pulpits in our largest cities, fifteen are missionaries in foreign 
lands, three are presidents of colleges and se\eral are professors in our universities. To-day, among 
Baptist ministers are many men unsurpassed in education and ability by the preachers of any denomin- 
ation in our land. This church always aims to have the pulpit standard maintained, as well in the heat 
of summer as when the pastor is in the pulpit. Among the distinguished clergymen who have preached 
for them have been: Dr. E. G. Robinson, Dr. George D. Boardman, Dr. A. J. Gordon, Dr. J. A, 
Broadus, Dr. A. H. Strong, Dr. T. Ilarwood Pattison, Dr. R. S. McArthur, Dr. Wayland Hoyt, Dr. 
H. M. Sanders, Dr. A. C. Dixon, Dr. Kerr B. Tupper, Dr. A. H. Lorrimer, Dr. O. P. Gifford, Dr. J. L. 
M. Curr\-, Dr. E. B. Andrews, Dr. B. L. Whitman, Charles Spurgeon, Jr., and Dr. VV. H. P. Fauiice. 

The Sunday School was organized Ma}- 31, 1S57, with seven teachers and forty scholars. Mr. 
Samuel Colgate was elected superintendent. The sessions were held in W'averly Hall until its 
ilcstruction by fire, December 10, i860, by which calamitj- the furniture, piano and librar\- were lost. 
Afterwards the school was held in Library Hall until December 5, 1861, when the first building of the 
church was completed. The attendance on that day was 22 teachers and 218 scholars. Contributions 
to benevolence have been made weekly by the scholars since 1861, (amounting in ;dl to over $25,000), 
who are thus encouraged to aid in the formation of other Sunday Schools and in the various methods 
of Christian work. When the jiresent church building was erected the Sunday School provided the 
bell, costing over a thousand dollars. 

The continued growth of the school made necessary the erection of the separate Sunday School 
edifice in 1887, which they now occupy. The general plan of this building was designed by Mr. E. J. 
Brockett, the chairman of the building committee, who employed Messrs. J. C. Cady & Co., of New 
York, as the architects. The cost, including furnishing, was §34,790. The completion of this grand 
structure was an important event in the progress of Sunda\- School work in the Oranges, as it is without 
di)uht line of the most complete buildings of its kind in the countr\-. The main room is ton 52 feet, 
with a high dome-like ceiling and a semi-circular gallery. Underneath this gallery si.x class rooms 
are arranged, varying in size from 8 x 16 to 20 x 30 feet. There are also eight class rooms in the gallery. 
The rooms are well lighted and so planned that the front and sides, which are large paneled 
doors, can be instantly converted into one large room or man\' small ones. A graceful passageway 
six feet wide encircles the gallery and is protected by an ornamental rail. The arrangements make 
it possible for the adult classes of large membership to have absolute quiet and seclusion without 
moving, and at the same time be merged into the school and become a part of it in an instant. The 
class rooms are in the line of vision with the superintendent's desk, and the superintendent can easily 
see every scholar when the classes are thrown into one. At the right of the platform, under the gallery, 
is the library, a room 12x17 feet. There are also convenient toilet rooms. The entire building 
accommodates 1,000. Excellent ventilation has been secured by means of an exhaust fan driven by a 
water motor. The decorations are soft and refined. The seats are semi-circular, the delight of the 
teacher. The building, and church also, are heated by steam, and a heavy Brussels carpet covers the 
floor. The dedication services of this new Sunday School room were held April 18, 1888, and occupied 
the entire day. 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 183 

The primary department of the school has outgrown tlic quarters provided for it in this building, 
and now meets in the lecture room of the church. Mission or branch schools have been formed in four 
different parts of the city, to which this school has furnished teachers, scholars and buildings, viz.: In 
Washington Street (since formed into an independent church), the Emmanuel Baptist Sunday School in 
the valley, the Prospect Street, in East Orange, now organized as a church, and the VVatchung Heights 
Mission. A "Home Department " of the Sunday School is also maintained. It is gratifying to note 
the ni.iny conversions among the .scholars. Since the commencement of the school, in 1857, 589 of 
its scholars have united with this church, besides man)' who have joined other churches. The officers 
of the schools are: Superintendents. — Main Church School, Samuel Colgate, E. J. Brockett ; Inter- 
mediate Department, Andrew McVVhiney ; Primary Department, Mrs. VVillard Smith ; Home Depart- 
ment, Miss S. Catherine Wiggin ; Emmanuel Chapel, Gardner Colby; Prospect Street Chapel, James 
M. Burr. The enrollment shows : Church School, officers, teachers and scholars, 786; Home Depart- 
ment, 2J9; Emmanuel Chapel, 190; Prospect Street Chapel, lOO; Watchung Heights, 50; total, 1,355. 

The lots on Main Street, opposite Park Street, where the present house of worship stands, were 
bought November 28, i860, for the sum of §6,500. The first edifice erected as a church on these lots was 
the central one of the three in use, now known as the lecture room, and cost $19,804. It was dedicated 
December 5, 1 861, and for some years served the purpose very well, but having been placed so far back 
from the street did not attract the attention of the passer-by as a church edifice should. The progress- 
ive spirit which was aroused during the pastorate of Dr. Elder led to the purchase, in December, 1868, 
of the finely located lots at the corner of Main and Essex Streets, for the sum of $30,000. It was the 
intention there to erect a new and attracti\e house of worship, but the removal of Dr. Elder to the 
Madison Avenue Baptist Church, of New York, and the feeling that the lots were too far west for a 
central church for the Oranges, led the church to sell those lots and erect a new church in front of the 
old one, leaving that for a Sunday School room. The new edifice of pure Gothic architecture was at 
that time the finest church in the Oranges, and from its dedication on May 21, 1874, attracted an 
audience fully equal to its capacity. Its cost, including organ and furniture, was $78,31 1. The new 
Sunday School building previously described, cost 634,970. During the pastorate of Dr. Hague, lots 
were bought for the erection of a house of worship for the colored Baptists, at a cost of $3,000, and 
$3,000 more subscribed by members of this church toward the building now known as the Second 
Baptist Church, in Oakwood Avenue. Fourteen members from the main church were dismissed to this 
new enterprise. The Washington Street Chapel came into possession of this church during the ministry 
of Dr. Judson, and they erected an addition, bringing the cost of the property up to $5,066. This 
interest has since developed into a church, to the formation of which fifty-five members were dismissed 
from the parent church. A little later the Sunday School started in the \'alley by Dr. Judson and Mr. 
S. C. Burdick needed a suitable building, and the Emmanuel Chapel was erected at a cost of $6,000. 
In 1895 a very pretty chapel, designed and built by Mr. John Berryman. of Orange, was erected on 
Prospect Street, on the corner of Norman Street. The cost, including the land, was $12,500. The 
total amount invested in building enterprises in Orange by this church has reached $170,000, all of 
which has been paid in cash, and the church is free from debt. 

The officers of the church are : Pastor, Rev. James T. Dickinson ; A. G. Stevenson, Treasurer ; G. F. 
Seeley, Treas. Benev. Fund ; Andrew McWhiney, Clerk; Frank E. Drake, Organist; Edward Perry, 
Se.xton. Deacons.— Samuel Colgate, E. J. Brockett, Rest F. Smith, Gardner Colby, I. N. Burdick. 
George F. Seely, A. McWhiney. Trustees.— Samuel Colgate, E. J. Brockett, Isaac F. Gates. A. G. 
Stevenson, Henry R. Curtis. John J. Jones, George. W. Kynor. Auxiliary societies: Woman's Benevo- 
lent Society, Mrs. S. R. Hardwick, President; Women's Home Mission Society, Mr.s. E. Anderson, 
President ; The Emmanuel Band, Mrs. G. Colby, President ; Baptist Young People's Union, C. Frederick 
Smith, President; Junior Missionary Society, Mrs. Willard Smith, President; Farther Lights Society, 
Mrs. Walter Tiger, President; Women's Foreign Mission Society, Mrs. J. J. Jones, President ; Main Church 
Sewing School, Miss H. B. Criss, Sup't ; Emmanuel Chapel Sewing School, Mrs. G. R. Colby, Sup't. 



i84 The I'"ounders and Bl'ildfks of the Oranges. 

During tlie past ten years, under tlie pastorate of Rev. James T. Dickinson, there has been a 
steady, healthy growth in tlie church, both in numbers and interest. Coming from the South, where the 
manners and customs of the people are radically different from those of the North, he readily adapted 
himself to the change, and entered upon his labors with an earnest desire to do the Master's will and a 
firm determination to "know nothing among you save Jesus and Him crucified." The people rallied to 
his support and gave him their sympathy and hearty cooperation. He was fully equipped for the 
work, possessing all tiie recjuisitcs, botli spiritual and intellectual. He came of good Baptist stock, his 
father having been for many years the well-known editor and proprietor of the Religious Herald, 
published in Richmond, Va. 

Rev. James Taylor Dickinso.v, son of Rev." A. E. Dickinson, D. D., was born in Richmond, V'a., 
August 4, 1861. His mother was the daughter of Rev. James B. Taylor, D. D., and his ancestors for 
six successive generations were ministers of the gospel. The maternal great-grandfather of Mr. 
Dickinson was a close associate with George VVasliington in the Continental Arm\-. His portrait is 
easily discerned in the group in Trumbull's famous picture of " Washington Crossing the Delaware." 
Through Mr. Dickinson's maternal grandmother. Miss Mary Williams, there has been in the family 
a minister of the gospel through seven successive generations. On his father's side Mr. Dickinson is 
descended from ilenry Dickinson, who settled in Louisa County, \'a., in 1634. Mr. Dickinson was 
educated at Richmond College and the University of Virginia, and pursued his theological course at 
the Southern Baptist Theological Seminary, of Louisville, Ky., graduating in June, 1885. He took a 
post-graduate course in philosophy at the University of Virginia, and at the same time preached for the 
Fluvanna Baptist Church, at Fluvanna County, Va. He was the stated supply at the East 15aptist 
Church, Louisville, Ky., during his theological course. He was ordained at the Grace Street Baptist 
Church, Richmond, Va , June 28, 1885, a church founded by his grandfather half a century ago. He 
was called to the pastorate of the North Orange Baptist Church in January, 1886, and began his labors 
soon after. He received his degree of D. D. from Richmond College, in 1896. 

He has been very successful, both as a preacher and pastor, the church having increased largely in 
membership within this period. As a preacher he is considered one of the most popular in the 
communit}-, the large attendance of \-oung people at the evening service bearing w ilness to the intere.st 
taken in his sermons. In his enunciation and delivery he shows the peculiar characteristics of his 
southern birth and education. His voice is clear, full, distinct and musical in its tone. His sermons, 
which are tlclivered without notes, are strong, clear ami forcible, filled with illustrations and of a 
character to interest his hearers. He is systematic in his methods and use of time and is thereby 
enabled to keep abreast of the age in his studies, his reading and his sermons. His sermons are 
carefully thought out, his delivery fluent and his manner genial. He believes in what he preaches 
and believes not only that it is the truth but that it is Itic truth that the world absolutely needs. 
He approaches the truth and deals with it in a prayerful rather than in a critical spirit. He treats the 
scriptures as a message from God to be proclaimed rather than as something to be apologized for. 
With an intense love for God's Woril, he is a careful, earnest student of it and in the best sense a 
scripture preacher, not simply using verbal quotations to substantiate the points of his sermons, but 
using the facts of scripture history in illustrating and enforcing truth. He is a man of warm, sympa- 
thetic nature and enters into the difficulties ami trials of the people making them his own, although not 
in such a way as to ovcrburtlen himself and thereby create the impression that he is a mart}-r to other 
people's sorrows. While his sympathy is genuine, there is along with it that certain elasticity which 
enables him to "rejoice with them that do rejoice and wee[) with them that weep," and to go readily 
from one to the other adapting God's word of promise to suit each individual case. 

Mr. Dickinson is in the best and truest sense an up-to-date |)reacher, bringing current literature and 
the development of philosophy, art and science to the illustration of the truth. His familiarit\- with 
literature, both ancient and modern, is c|uite remarkable, and yet he does not parade it or make any 
unnecessary display of it, simply using it as a means to the great end. As a young man Mr. Dickinson 



The Founders and Ruii.ders of the Oranges. 185 

lias kept liimsolf in touch with the young people of his congregation and has become very popular with 
them, always attending their meetings and regularly visiting the Sunday School of the church. With 
one of the largest congregations in the Oranges depending on him he docs not by any means confine 
his labors to this church, but in imitation of his divine Master, goes about doing good. He is frequently 
called upon outside of his own congregation to attend funerals, visit the sick and assist in various 
charitable enterprises, in all of which he never wearies but finds pleasure and profit in obeying the 
injunction, " Bear ye one another's burdens, and so fulfil the law of Christ." Mr. Dickinson has a 
worthy heliimate in all his labors— one who is in full sympathy with him, possessing all the charms as 
well as the virtues that constitute the true, faithful and loving wife. He married Stella G., daughter of 
D. H. DeLaiul. of l-'airport, N. Y. Two children complete the family circle. 

Washington Street Haitist CiirKCii. This church owes its existence to a non-sectarian move- 
ment which began in 1873. It began with neighborhood prayer meetings which were attended by 
members of various religious organizations living in this locality. A chapel was erected in 1873, the 
money being contributed by private individuals interested in the work, the majority of whom were 
members of the Presbyterian and Baptist denominations. The location selected was on Washington 
Street, near the Watchung Railroad. The cost of the building, furniture, etc , together with the lot, 
was about $2,000. Religious .services were conducted by Rev. Mr. Howell, a Baptist licentiate, and 
Re\-. H. Kirke White, a Presbyterian minister, was superintendent of the Sunday School. The non- 
sectarian feature of the organization continued for several years and was well sustained. As the 
membership increased it became necessary to enlarge the chapel which was done in 1877, by adding 
two wings. In 1879 the cjuestion of making it a denominational church was raised and finally, by 
mutual agreement, the Baptists assumed control and paid off the mortgage debt. It remained, however, 
for some time undenominational, Mr. Zenas Williams having charge of the Sunday School as its 
superintendent. In the early part of 18S1 the First Baptist Church, of Orange, which had become 
interested in the work, tlecided to conduct the chapel strictly as a Bajitist Church. The Presbyterians 
then withdrew their support which for a time lessened the attendance. It gradually increased, however, 
and in the summer of 1882 the chapel was again enlarged by an addition on the rear. Mr. Ira L. 
Beebc was the next Superintendent of the Sabbath School, followed, after one year, by Mr. George 
Cook, who served until January, 1884, when Mr. John Berr\-man was elected. The organization of the 
chapel as an independent church was formally completed by appropriate services held on Sunday 
morning, I""ebruary 3, 1884. The name of Washington Street Baptist Church was formally adopted 
and Rev. J. L. Davis was chosen pastor; and Alpheus A. Williams and George Cooke were elected 
deacons, William H. Canfield, clerk, and George Cooke, treasurer. The chapel began its existence as 
an independent church with forty-nine members, forty-two of whom were from the mother church, the 
other seven joining by letter from other churches. The Sunday School numbered at this time 225 
scholars and 16 teachers. The church was formally recognized b\' an ecclesiastical council, which met 
Thursday, February 28, 1884, represented by twenty-three liaptist churches. Rev. W. H. Parmlcy, 
I). D., of Jersey City, acted as moderator. Revs. J. N. Folwell, .Addison Parker, E. Thompson, R. M. 
M.utiii, W. F. Taylor, A. W. Browne, J. L. David and others took part in the ceremonies. 

Prospect Street Baptist Church, East Orange, Rev. M. G. Coker, pastor. This church, like 
many others, was the outgrowth of Sunday School work. Under the fostering care of the North 
Orange Baptist Church, Mr. James M. Burr and Mr. Charles A. Smith undertook the care of a mission 
Sunday School in 1892, in the room of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union, in Prospect Street. 
The attendance increased and Sunday evening worship was regularly maintained, the pastors of 
neighboring churches assisting. Early in 1894 Rev. E. D. Bentley commenced as a regular supply, 
preaching each Sunday evening for about six months, when the pastor and leading members of the 
North Orange Baptist Church bought a [ilot of ground on the corner of Prospect and Xorman Streets, 



1 86 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



loox 150 feet, and appointed a committee consisting of E. J. Rrockett, Samuel Colgate and James M. 
Burr to secure the erection of an edifice for the Sunday School of sufficient size to answer for church 
services until such time as a larger building should be needed. The result was a neat, commodious and 
tasteful chapel, provided with separate class rooms for Infant Department and Bible Class, baptism and 
dressing room, costing about $1 2,500, which was completed and dedicated I'ebruary 24, 1895, Rev. 
Sparks \V. Melton, of Baltimore, jireaching the sermon. A church was organized on July 10, 1S95, 
with twenty-eight constituent members, a large council being held of neighboring churches; the 
recognition sermon was preached fiy Rev. J. A. Chambliss, D. D., of East Orange. Rev. M. G. Coker, 
who had been a successful pastor for four years at New burg-on-the-Hudson, was called as pastor and 
entered at once upon his work. The church now has 100 members and the Sunday School an attend- 
ance of 125. The location is one of the finest in the Oranges. The officers are: Deacons. — D. P. 
Lewis, Uriah Seeley. Trustees. — James M. Burr, Robert Barnes, A. Drayton, George Crofut and 
U. Seeie\-. .Suntlay School Superintendent. James M. Burr. 

CONGREGATIONAL CHURCHES. 

Orange Valley Congregational Church. The movement which led 10 the organization of 
this church began early in the fifties. A Sunday School was started in the old Girartl school-house, on 

the corner of Forrest and Valley Road, by 
James Greason. On the opening day there 
were twenty scholars and the school steadily 
grew so that it was soon needful to ha\-e larger 
quarteis. In November, 185-j. the Sunday 
evening prayer meeting was established and 
after that there were occasional preaching ser- 
vices. The Re\-. Mr. Pruden was the first to 
officiate. In the fall of 1857 Mr. Greason died 
and was succeeded by Abraham Baldwin, as 
superintendent, and he continued with the ex- 
ception of a single year, till 1S63, bringing the 
school up to the position of the largest Sunday 
School in the Oranges. Rev. S. C. Haj-, the 
first regular pastor, began his labors in 185S, 
which were attended with a great revival of 
religion and large additions were made to the 
„-. mend)ersliip. 1 he first board of trustees was 
chosen that year, consisting of James Bell, 
Edward l-'reeman, G. \V. Smith, Ambrose M. 
Matthews and Da\ id Ward. A lot was ])ur- 
chased on the corner of Nassau and Valley 
antl the corner-stone of the Orange Valley Mission Church was laid September 12, 1859. 
The building was completed in January, i860, and dedicated with appropriate ceremonies. In 
April of that year it was decided to formally organize a church, and a committee was appointed to 
determine the ecclesiastical preferences of the worshippers. The Congregational polity was selected 
and when the church was organized there were only four Congregational churches in New Jersey. A 
committee was appointed to draft rules for church go\ ernmcnt and these were adopted on August 10, 
1 860, the real natal day of the church, when the name, the I-'irst Congregational Church, of Orange, 
was adopted and forty-five persons connected themselves with it. There were twenty males and twenty- 
five females, and of this little band only four now remain. These arc Mr. and Mrs. James Bell, Enoch 
Condit and Henry M. Matthews. Steps were immediately taken to procure a permanent jiastor and in 










I 



tf' 



kAI.Gfc VAI.LKV CD.NC.KEGA 1 ICINAI. CllUKCH. 



Streets, 



Till: I'OUNDF.RS AM) Bfll.DrUS OF TIIK OrAN'GES. I87 

September, 1S60. a call was extended to the Rev. George H. Hacon to become the pastor at a salary of 
Si.ooo. January 8, 1861, he accepted tiic call and on March 27, 1861, an ecclesiastical council was 
called and Mr. Bacon was ordained and installed as pastor of the church. At this service Dr. Lowell 
Mason led the singing, using a small melodeon. A curious feature was that the three hymns selected 
for the occasion were all in long metre and that " Old Hundred " was used as the tune for all. 

I'lom the first the church and the Ecclesiastical Society worked in harmnny with each other. For 
two or three years the pews in the church were all free, but in l-'ebruary. 18G3, it was decided to rent 
the pews with the proviso that all were to be free at the evening service. In December, 1S63, the first 
move in the direction of a new church was made, but this did not culminate in anything and it was not 
till January, 1865. that a building committee was appointed. This committee reported in October, that 
a sufficient number of subscriptions had been received to warrant in going ahead with the enterprise. 
It w.is decided to locate the church on higher ground and a lot was purchased from James Smith, on 
Iliglil.uul A\enne, the present site of the church. The corner-stone was laid on January I, 1867. The 
money for the enterprise was obtained partly by subscriptions and partly by the issue of stock, the 
latter redeemed b)- the purchase of pews in the new church. These purchased pews have been gradu- 
ally deeiletl back to the church, so that at the present time only ft)ur [)ews in the church are thus owned. 
Early in June, 1S68, the committee reported the building complete and transferred it to the society, 
subject to the mortgage of $15,000, the total cost of the church being $65,000. The church was 
dedicated on l-'riday, June 26, 1868, when a brief historical statement was read by the pastor and the 
sermon was preached by the Rev. Dr. Horace Bushnell, of Hartford, Conn. The church as then 
completed was only the main auditorium and the Sunday School was held in the old church building. 
In .April, 1S70, the school-house adjoining the church was rented for the use of the Sunday School and 
in December, 1873, the old church building was sold to the Church of Our Lady of the Valley, for 
$7,000. The organ, which is considered one of the finest instruments in the Oranges, was [)ut in in 
186S and first used on August 1st of that \-ear. Dr. William Mason presided over it and continued as 
organist for ten years. Mr. Savage paid a warm tribute of affection to the members of the Mason 
famil\-, who had done so much for the church and for its musical services. 

In 1S70, the fine chime of bells was jnit in the church, at a cost of $4,200. They are ten in number 
an<l were first rung on June 18. 1S70. Mr. Savage gave a minute ilescription of these bells and the 
inscription on each. He also g.ivc an account of the organization of the Ladies' Sewing Society and of 
the various benevolences of the church. In 1874 the Rev. Mr. I'cttit was engaged as assistant to Dr. 
Bacon, luuiy in 1876 Dr. Bacon offered his resignation on account of f.iiling health. This was declined 
and a leave of absence of six months granted him. But it was soon evident that his earthly labors 
were nearing an end. He returned home, and on Se[)tember 15, was called to his long home. March 
24, 1877, the Rev. Dr. F. F. Ellinwood preached a commemorative discourse on Dr. Bacon, on the 
occasion of the unveiling of a memorial window to him. During Mr. Bacon's ministry there were 432 
additions to the church, and of these 205 were by confession of faith. At the close of his pastorate 
there were 301 members on the roll, and of the.se 69 are still members of the church. April 9, 1876, the 
Rev. Joseph A. Ely, of Rochester, was called to temporary charge of the church, and he began his 
work on April 30. He was formally called as pastor on January 27. 1877, and he served the church for 
six and one-half years, during which time 155 unitetl with the church, 90 of them by confession of faith. 
During his pastorate the debt on the church was raised and the chapel was built. 

In January, 1878, a plan of subscriptions for the raising of the church debt was adopted which 
consisted of weekly payments running through three years. By this plan the sum of $13,000 was 
obtained and in the early part of 1881 the whole amount of indebtedness was liquidated and in addition 
thereto there was raised a fund of nearly $4,000 to make needed repairs. It had been decided in 1S79 
to build a stone chapel, at a cost not exceeding $3,000. The chapel was completed and furnished and 
paid for in 1S80, at a cost of $14, '^94. Rev. .Mr. i:iy resigned the pastorate in September, 1883, and for 
the following eleven months the church depended on weekly supplies. Rev. J. E. Rankin was called in 



i88 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

1884 and was regularly installed as pastor January 13, 1885, his salary being $5,000. He served a 
successful ministry of five years and three months, until he was called to the presidency of Howard 
University, in Washington, D. C. In 1887, the movement which resulted in the formation of the 
Hillside Presbyterian Church took place, and letters of dismission were granted to 110 members. 
During his pastorate the society was cleared of all indebtedness and a chapel erected, at a cost of about 
§15,000. The first and only parsonage connected with the church was erected in 1886, at a cost of 
Sio,ooo. It is large, commodious and substantial, the first story being of the rough-faced trap rock, and 
the upper structure of frame. It stands in the rear of the present church edifice. Rev. J. E. Rankin, 
D. D., the third pastor, remained with the church from October, 1884, to January, 1890. It was during 
his pastorate that the present parsonage was erected. Dr. Rankin is one of the well-known hymn 
writers of the country, having composed several of the most popular ones used by the Christian 
Endeavor Societies, among which is the parting hymn so often sung by various Christian assemblies, 
" God be with You till we Meet Again." 

Rev. Ceiarles A. Savage, the fourth and present pastor, is a nati\e of Vermont and a graduate 
of Dartmouth College and Yale Theological Seminar}-. Before coming to Orange he had been a 
professor in Robert College, in Constantinople, and pastor of Congregational churches in Berkeley, 
California, and Enfield, Mass. He was called to Orange in February, 1890. During his pastorate the 
woman's benovelent work of the church has been thoroughly organized, and great progress has been made 
in the department of Junior Christian Endeavor. The church is well organized and active along all lines 
of Christian philanthropy and is alive to new methods of activit}-. Its revenue is raised by voluntary 
contribution. During the sixteen years of his pastorate nearly §50,000 have been raised by the church 
for religious purposes, of which some $1,000 have been contributed in outside benevolences. During 
these years, 107 names have been added to the church roll, 61 of whom were on confession of faith. 
Sixty-eight have been removed by letter and by death, leaving a net gain of 39. The membership at 
this date (April, 1896) is 298. Fifty-eight infant children have been baptized. The Sunday School, of 
which Mr. Stephen A. Condit is superintendent, numbers about 250 members. Since the founding of 
the church, in i860, 895 persons have been members of the organization, of whom 4S7 were added on 
confession of faith. During the last thirty years of its history the church has contributcti, approxi- 
mately, §64,000 to charitable causes. The church plant is valued at about $?o,000. 

Grove Street Congregational Church, corner of Main Street, East Orange. The leading 
spirits in the organization of this church were Matthias M. Dodil, Aaron P. and George L. Mitchell, 
and the first meeting for the discussion of the matter was held on July 4, 1866, at the house of Aaron 
P. Mitchell. It was then decided to proceed to the formation of a religious society and the erection 
of a house of worship, to be followed by the organization of an evangelical Congregational church. 
Two lots of ground were presented to the society on the corner of Main and Grove Streets, by Aaron 
P. and George L. Mitchell, and a small strip of ground was deeded to the church by Jotham Hedden. 
About August I, 1866, the society was organized and the erection of the chapel was prosecuted with 
energy. The first trustees were Matthias M. Dodd, Aaron P. Mitchell, S. M. Run-on, J. E. Hedden 
and Nathan Waterman. Early in the winter of 1867 the present beautiful stone edifice was finished, 
at a cost, including furnishing, of $15,000. It was dedicated December 18, 1867. On January 3, 186S, 
Ihe organization of the church was completed with thiry-two members and the following officers were 
elected: Deacons. — Matthias M. Dodd and Robert Weeks. Prudential Committee.— George L. 
Mitchell, Robert D. Weeks and George Riker. On October 14, 1868, Allen McLane became pastor, 
continuing until May, 1874. In December, 1875, Rev. Rowland B. Howard was chosen acting pastor. 
He served five years and was succeeded by Rev. Frederick B. PuUan. He resigned February 16, 1890, 
and in May following Rev. Charles Everett, D. D., was elected pastor. 

In the spring of 1871 an addition to the chapel was completed, at a cost of about §5,000. The 
total value of the church propert\- is §30,000. The total membership of the church is 382. The 



Tin-; Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



189 



following arc the present officers: Deacons. -Robert Hunter, C. H. Nevius, Charles L. Heckwith, 
George O. V. Taylor. Prudential Committee.— Robert Hunter. C. H. Nevius, Charles li. Clark. J. 
Newton Morehouse, Charles L. Heckwith, Stephen Nauke, George O. F. Taylor, Frank R. I'ruden, 
James. L. Fonda. Trustees.— Louis O. Hedden, W. Eugene Thatcher, l-'rances L. Luff, George W. 
Gilbert, A. N. Lockwood, Charles L. Bleccker. Church Clerk, J. Newton Morehouse. Treasurer, 
Louis O. IktUleii. A nourishing Sunilay School has been maintained since the organization of the 
church. The present Superintendent is James L. Fonda. The schnol numbers .45 teachers, 7 officers 
and 317 scholars; making a total of 369. 

Tkinmtv Concregationai, Church, Harrison Street, near Main Street, East Orange. Pastor, 
Fritz VV. Baklwin, D. D. On the nineteenth day of January, 1S70, an informal meeting of persons con 

nected with evangelical churclies 
residing in the neighborhood of 
IJrick Church Station, East 
Orange, was held at the resi- 
dence of Rev. Dr. Frederick A. 
Adams, to consider the question 
of forming a Congregational 
church. The result of their 
deliberations was a unanimous 
decision that there was place 
for such .1 cliurch in this com- 
munity, and a resolution to pro- 
ceed to its organization. The 
first [Hiblic services were held 
in Lyric Hall, on Main Street, 
near Harrison Street, on the 
first Lord's Day in March, con- 
ducted by Rev. Dr. George E. 
Adams, of Brunswick, Me. A 
Sunday School was informally 
organized at the same time. 

At a meeting of attendants 
and contributors held on March 
17, articles of association and 
by-laws were adopted, and on 
the twenty-second of the same 
month the corporate name of Trinity Congregational Church was adopted, and the organization of the 
religious society completed by the election of trustees. The church was formed on April 5, with 
twenty-five members, all but four of whom brought letters of dismission from the Second Presbyterian 
(Brick) Church. On April 10, the church was .saddened by a great loss in the decease of Rev. Dr. Thcron 
Baldwin, who had been an earnest and active promotor of the new enterjirise. The church was duly 
recognized in the fellowship of the Congregational churches by a council of such churches held on May 4. 
Rev. Dr. George E. Adams was unanimously called to the pastorate and accepted so far as to seive as 
acting pastor. Services were held for some months in Lyric Hall. A lot was [)urchased on Harrison 
Street for the erection of a house of worship, which was completed earl)- in 1872. and formally 
dedicated on May 22 of that year. Dr. Adams resigned his charge in December, 1874, his resignation 
taking effect on March i, in the following year. He remained, loved and honored, among his people 
until his decease on December 25 of the same year. 




TRINITY CONGREGATIONAL CHL'RCM, EAST ORANGE. 



igo The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

Rev. Richard G. Green, of Springfield, Mass., began an acting ])astoratc immediately after the 
retirement of Dr. Adnms, and on November i i ensuing was formally recognized as pastor by a council 
of churches. In the spring of 1SS9 Mr. Green resigned the pastorate, to take effect on July i. He 
was succeeded by Rev. Fritz \V. Baldwin, of Chelsea, Mass., who entered upon his work with the 
church on December 8, i8Sg, and was recognized as pastor by an ecclesiastical council on the 20th 
of the same month. Not long after his settlement the question of a new church edifice began to be 
agitated, and after consideration of various other sites it was decided to erect the proposed new building 
upon the lot partially occupied by the old edifice. The committee appointed to receive subscriptions 
met with so much encouragement that on May 17 1892, the trustees were authorized and directed to 
proceed at once to the erection of a new edifice in substantial accordance with the plans w hich had been 
submitted by Messrs. Stephenson & Greene, architects. The architect of the new edifice was Mr. 
Ernest Greene, son of the Rev. Richard G. Greene, the second pastor of the church. Material of churcii 
edifice, cream-colored glazed brick, with terra cotta trimmings. Sittings in main audience room, about 
474; social room, connected with sliding doors, about 200 more. The corner-stone was laid with 
appropriate exercises on September 24, 1892, and the completed building was dedicated on October 5, 
1893. The first meeting for public worship in the new edifice was held on the Lord's day, October 8, 
1893, with observance of the Lord's Supper and recognition of new members. On the Monday evening 
following, October 9, a fellowship meeting was held with brief addresses from several of the pastors of 
neighboring Congregational churches, the week of dedication closing with a social reunion in the 
church parlors, on Friday evening, October 13. The entire cost of the improvements, including the 
new organ and the furnishing, was about $26,000. 

The rules, covenants and confession of the church were revised in 1877 and again in 1893. Of the 
twenty-five original members, fourteen still remian, three having taken letters of dismission and 
eight having died — Rev. Frederick A. Adams and his wife Mrs. Mary J. Adams, Rev. Theron ]?aldwin 
and his wife Mrs. Caroline W. Baldwin, Mrs. Clara B. Anderson, Mrs. Fanny F. P'esscnden, Mrs. 
Josephine I\L 1'. Gerry, and George H. Brewer. Since the organization of the church there have been 
added to the original number of twenty-five members, on confession of Christ, 121 ; from other churches, 
186; making the entire number of members since organization, 332. The removals, by decease and 
otherwise, have been 156, leaving a present membership of 176. 

Officers of the church since organization : Acting pastor, George E. Adams, D. D., 1S70 to March i, 
1875. Pastors.— Richard Gleason Greene, April 2. 1875, to July 1, 1SS9; Fritz Walter Baldwin, D. D., 
Decembers, 1889. Deacons.— i'rederic A.Adams, 1870-188S; Jacob L. Halsey, 1870-1891; Richard 
A. Thorp, 1872-1892; John Wiley, 18771891 ; Lsaiah C. Howes, 1877-1889; Robert D. Weekes, 1S85-; 
David G. Holmes, 1887-1890; Henry Baldwin, 1889-1894; Thomas S. Crane, 1S89-; Theodore F. 
Seward, 1892, resigned 1896 and succeeded by Harvy R. Halsey; Theodore H.Smith, 1892 ; Ogden 
H. Bowers, 1893-. Clerks.— John T. Clarke, 1870-1872: Richard A. Thorp, 1872-1888: Robert D. 
Weekes, 1888-. Treasurers -Jacob L. Halsey, 1870-1880; John Wiley, 1880-1886; Robert D. Weekes, 
1886-. Trustees.— Jacob L. Hal-^cy, 1S70-1892; Edward E. Ouimby, 1870-1892; Frederic Adams, 
1870-1884; Richard A. 'I liorp, 1S70-1885; Hayward A. Harvey, 1870-1S92; William Pierson, Jr., 
1870-1876; George 11. P.rcwcr, 1870-1873; Joseph Wales, 1873-1877; Edwin W. Eaton, 1875-1896; 
Isaiah C. Howes, 1S77-1889: E. Dickson Pierson, 1879-1882; Edward P. Hamilton, 18S1 ; Alexander 
King, 1882-; Frederic W. Anderson, 1884-1887; John S. Hawley, 1885 -1894; George A. Vail, 1S92-; 
John O. Heald, 1S92 ; William H. Wiley, 1892-; Lewis H. Hyde, 1S94-; Henry B. Closson, 1896-. 
Sunday School Superintendents — Frederic Adams, 1870-1874: Isaiah C. Howes, 1874-1887; David G. 
Holmes, 1887-1890; Ogden H. l^owers, 1890-1893; Thomas S. Crane, 1893-1896. Present officers: 
Trustees.— Alexander King, President ; Lewis H. Hyde, Secretary ; George A. Vail, Treasurer ; l\dward 
P. Hamilton. Willi. mi 11. Wiley, John O. Heald, Henry H. Closson. Deacons.— Robert D. Weekes, 
Clerk and Treasurer; Thomas S. Crane. Theodore F. Seward, Theodore H. Smith, Ogden H. Bowers. 
Clerk of Society, Charles A. Mead. 



The Founders and Bun.DF.Rs of the Oranges. 191 

OTHER PROTESTANT CHURCHES. 

The Orange Sociktv ok the New Jerusalem (Swcdcnhor-iani In 1855, tlic Kcv. H. F. 
Barrett, James Root and David N. Ropes moved to Orange witli tlicir families. These formed tliem- 
selves into a small band of worshippers, at first holding services in private houses. They afterwards met 
in Library Huilding, on Main Street. The Orange Society of the New Jerusalem was .organized in 
September, 1 866, with the following fourteen members: James Root, I'iiilema Root, Horace Root. 
Anna H. Root, Thomas S. Root, David N. Ropes, Lydia I,. Ropes, William Lewis. Emma Lewis, 
G. Woolworth Colton, Georgiana C. Hooker, Charles 11. .Mann, Lli/.abeth C. Fuller, George \V. Smith. 
The Rev. Charles Holbrook Mann was chosen pastor when the society was organized, which relationship 
he has held continuously for twenty-nine years. The church .services and Sunday School were held in 
Library 15uiUling for a period of twenty-one years. The present church, which is located on Esse.x 
Avenue, near Main Street, was built in 1866, at a cost of $io,COO, and dedicated on September 1 1, 1S87. 
It has a seating capacity of 300. 

In its early history the society was small, and its subsequent growth to a membership of one 
hundred has been due mainly to stability of purpose in the maintenance of the church and fidelity in 
serving her interests, on the part of the pastor and people. David N. Ropes, Horace Root and George 
Woolworth Colton, three of the original organizers of the society, for many years during its early 
history, gave liberally of theii time, effort and means to the work of the church they .so dearly loved. 
For twenty-four years David N. Ropes and Thomas S. Root held the ofifices of president and treasurer. 
"Lovely and pleasant in their lives, in death they were not divided." Of the original members, Mrs. 
Lydia L. Ropes, Miss Anna H. Root and Mrs. Georgiana C. Hooker are still working for and helping 
the society as faithfully and earnestly now as they did in its early days. Dr. William Mason showed 
the interest he felt in the welfare of the church by diiecting the music and often taking an active part, 
as occasion offered. On account of his removal from Orange the church was deprived of these services 
which had been so highly prized and were so cheerfully bestowed. The presidents of the society liave 
been: David N. Ropes, Dr. William ^Lason and Dr. John L.Seward. The superintendents of the 
Sunday School have been : G. Woolworth Colton, Lester L. Mosley, David N. Ropes, Frederick Cook, 
John E. HubbcU and Richard K. Mosley. The church trustees at this date are: President, Dr. John 
L. Seward ; Treasurer, Dr. Frank C. Bunn, and Secretary, Frederick Cook. 

First Ref"ORMED (Dutch") Church, corner of Main and Halsted Streets, East Orange. This is the 
first ami only church of this denomination in the Oranges, and while the church polity differs but little 
from that of the Presbyterian it has distinctive features which appeal to the masses ami is, in the truest 
sense of the word, a gospel church where the brotherhood of man, as well as the fatherhood of God, are 
exemplified in practice. The church was organized by the Reverend the Classis of Newark, May 12, 
1875, at which time it included 135 communicants. Since then, 885 ha\'e been received — 538 on 
confession and 347 by letter. The leader of this new mo\emcnt, who was also its first pastor, was Rev. 
George S. Bishop, D. D., and under his pastorate the church has reached its twenty-first birthday, having 
grown to full manhood in the service. The church is absolutely free. Each person, on entering the 
door, is expected to take the first seat he finds vacant. All are welcome and all soon find themselves 
at home. The financial principles to which they have strictly adhered are the following: 1. That the 
members of the church support it. 2. That the Consistory spend only such amounts as have been 
previously contributetl. 3. That each member contribute something on each Lord's day "as the Lord 
hath prospered him." The pastor refuses to receive a stipulated salary. The gospel is supported by 
the promptings of a Christian gratitude and conscience, and the receipts have constantly exceeded the 
expenditures. In government the church is wholly unsecular, having no connection whatever with the 
State. The spiritual interests are under the control of elders, and the temporal interests under that of 
deacons, subject to confirmation by the united Consistory, of which the pastor is president. In doctrine 
the church is old school Calvinistic, being based on the following points: i. The absolute depravity 



192 



The Founders and Builders of tpie Oraxges. 



and utter spiritual death of fallen man. 2. God the Father's sovereign choice of an elect people 
called the church, and His giving them to Jesus Christ, His Son, before the world began. 3. Christ 
dying for the church and in the highest sense for her exclusively. 4. The mi.ssion of the Holy Spirit 
to call, regenerate and sanctify that church invisible. 5. The indwelling of the Holy Spirit in all believers 
ami their final and infallible preservation to glory. 

The church edifice was begun soon after the organization of the church and completed that year. 
Owing to the constantly increasing member.ship, the edifice has been twice enlarged by additions which 
give a .seating capacity on one floor of between 700 and Soo. The building is in early English Gothic 
architecture, and is cruciform in shape. It is built of brown sand-stone, laid up in rock-face broken 
ashlar, the water-table, weatherings, window and door trimmings and coping being of tooled stone. 
There is a nave running north and south, with a transept running east and west, the tower standing in 
the angle formed by the two ends, with the spire above it rising 114 feet to the top of the vane. The 
church is apinoaclicd from Main Street by three entrances — one in the tran.sept, one in the tower 
and one through a Gothic porch at the rear of the building. The gable end of the transept has a fine 

rose window in it ami is surmounted by a cross. 
The interior of the church is maikcd by a 
dignified and quiet repose, to which the quaint- 
ness of the olden style greatly contributes. 
The ceilings are treated in natural wood and 
paneled. The arches rest on outlookers and 
cortels. The moldings around the panels and 
the quirks and combs are picked out in red and 
black, the arches being of oak color, the entire 
combination producing a very fine effect. IJlack 
walnut wainscoting is continued around the 
church, and the screen behind the pulpit is a 
modified fragment of the screen of York Minster. 
Above the screen is the organ, also in black 
walnut ca.;e, bearing on its front the emblazoned 
arms of William, Prince of Orange and the 
Dutch Republic. Above this, written over the 
pipes, is the motto of the United Nethei lands, 
" Ecn Dracht Maakt Macht"— " One i)ull to- 
gether makes us strong." Beneath all is the 
motto of the Reformation, " Nisi Dominus 
Frustra " — " Except the Lord build the house 
they labor in \'ain that build it." ]5elow, the pulpit, the reading-desk and elevated seats for the 
elders and deacons enclosed by the communion rail, finish the front end of the church. At 
the rear is a new and impressive muUioned memorial window, the prevailing tint of which is golden 
green. The center panels bear, in scroll work, the inscription : " In memory of our beloved dead." 
In the left panel is the Lily of tlie Valley; in the right one is the Rose of Sharon. The breadth of the 
auditorium is eighty two feet across the transept, but the na\c is much longer. The church is out of debt 
and has a building fund in reserve of $6,400. The whole amount has been raised by voluntary subscrip- 
tions. The number of communicants at the present time is 579. The Consistor}- is composed of seven 
ekiers and eight deacons. The elders are: Jotham H. Condit, Peter D. \'an Zee, Andrew A. Clarke, 
William W. Jacobus, William U. Jube, Robert McDermott, James Martin. The deacons are: Edward 
I. Condit, Robert P. Nevius, Herbert J. Condit, Edward W. Beach, William J. Conkling, Martin P. Ward, 
James H. Jacobus, F.lijah J Winey. The Sunday School, of which Mr. James Martin is the efficient 
superintendent, numbers 8 otificers, 29 teachers and 299 scholars; making a total of 336. 




ill'l'i 




FIRST KEFORMED (DUTCH) CHfKCH, EAST ORANGE. 



The Founders and Ruiloers ok the Oranges. 



193 



Rev. George Sayi.es HisiioI'. D. D., tlic first and only pastor of tliis church, was born in 
Rochester, N. Y., June 28, 1836. His fatlier, the Hon. William S. liisho]), a Presbyterian ckler, a state 
senator of New York ;uid a barrister of distinction, was of ancient I'uritan stock, being a direct 
descendant of Sanuicl Hisliop, graduated at Harvard in 1664 Dr. Bishop's grandfather, Capt. Samuel 
Bishop, was a private in the Revolutionary army, having enlisted when he was but seventeen years of 
age. He was also an ofTicer in the War of 18 u. On his mother's side Dr. Bishop is descended from 
Roger Williams, of Rhotlc Islaiul. 

Dr. Hisiiop was graduated at .Andierst College, 
in 1S58. After teaching for three years in Williston 
Seminary he entered Princeton Theological Semin- 
ar)-, from which he was graduated in 1864. He 
received his degree of D. I), from Rutgers, in 1877. 
His first charge was the Second Presbyterian Church, 
of Trenton, from 1864 to 1866. He was afterward 
pastor of Calvary Church, Kewburg, for six years, 
and during this period the church more than doubled 
its membership. He was called to the Brick Church, 
of I^ast Orange, in 1872, remaining until the organiz- 
ation of his present church, in 1875. There were 
added to the Brick Church during two years of his 
pastorate, 106 members. He was for one year llic 
editor of "The Sower and the Gospel Field," the 
organ of the Board of Publication of the Dutch 
Reformed Church, but resigned because of the 
pressure of other duties. He was Vedder lecturer 
before the College and Seminary of New Hruiiswicl-:, 
twice a delegate to the Pan-Presbyterian Council 
and once to the Synod of the Free Church of 
Holland. He has been a voluminous writer, especi- 
ally against the late revision of the Bible and the 
creeds and in the production of newspaper articles 
and of notes of travel. He has published over 
thirty sermons, which have been read and circulated 
through almost every State in the Union. Dr. 

Bishop is an old-fashioned theologian and loves old-fashioned truths. That these truths, in spite of all 
the liberalizing tendencies of the day, are still dear to many, is evidenced by the large and constantly 
increasing attendance at this church. 

Dr. Bishop married, in 1864. Miss Hannah M. Williston, daughter of John Payson Williston. Her 
uncle was the founder of Williston Seminary. Her grandfather. Rev. Payson Williston, D D., was fifty 
years pastor ol the church in Fast Hampton, Mass., and her great-grandfather. Rev. Noah Williston, was 
sixty years pastor of the Congregational church, in West Haven, Conn. Rev. William Samuel Bishop, 
the eldest son of Dr. Bishop, is assistant minister of St John's Church, Trinity Parish, New York City. 
Edward, the second son, is a recent graduate of Princeton College. 




KEV. GEORGE SAVI.ES BISHOP, U. D. 



The First Unitarian Church, of Essex County. Cleveland Street, near Main Street, Orange. 
Arrangements to establish a Unitarian church in Orange were begun in the fall of 18S9, under the 
direction of the Rev. D. W. Morehouse, superintendent of the American Unitarian Association for the 
Middle States. The fust public service was held on Sunday afternoon, January 12, 1890, in the hall of 
the Masonic Temple. Rev. John W. Chadwick, of Brooklyn, preached and Mr. .Morehouse assisted in 



194 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

the service. F"rniii this time on throughout the winter and spring, Sunday services were held reguhuly 
in Masonic Hall, conducted for the most part by ministers of neighboring churches in New York and 
Brooklyn. March i6, 1890, the society was duly incorporated under and in accordance with the laws 
of the State of New Jersey, under the corporate name of First Unitarian Church of Essex County. 
Trustees were elected as follows: Margaret L. Aborn, Warren Delano, Jr., Isabel Furman, N. L. 
Handy, Clemens Hcrschel, Henry F". Hitch, VV. C. Swift. Mr. Hitch was elected president and Mr. 
Swift, secretary and treasurer. On June i, a constitution and by-laws were adopted. By them, all 
persons who had hitherto been considered members of the church were to be continued members upon 
subscribing to the constitution and by-laws; but thereafter persons were to be admitted to membership 
u[)(Mi application to the pastor or trustees and signing the constitution and by-laws, with the condition 
that such persons should cooperate in the worship and work of the church and contribute toward the 
support of it not less than five dollars jicr annum, except in cases where pre\-cntcd from so contri- 
buting by absolute inability. 

During the fall of 1890 and the carh- winter of 189O-91, the church was fortunate in securing 
temporarily the services of the beloved and venerable A. A. Livermore, D. D., the late principal of 
Meadville Seminary. Meantime, a call had been extended to the Rev. Edward Hale, of Boston, Mass., 
to become the permanent pastor. This call was accepted and Mr. Hale was installed as the first 
minister of the church on April 2, 1891. The Kqv. Francis Greenwood Peabody, D. D., of Harvard 
University, preached the sermon and the Rev. Robert Collyer, of New York, offered prayer. November 
8, 1891, a committee was appointed to make inquiries in regard to a lot for a house of worship. 
January 31, 1893, the society voted to purchase two lots on Cleveland Street, near Main Street, with a 
total frontage of one hundred feet. April 29, 1892, a building and financial committee was appointed. 
On November 6 plans were accepted, and on November 7 ground was broken for the frame building 
which at present serves as a church, but is so planned that it can be used at some future time as the 
chapel of the larger building which the societ\- proposes to erect whenever its growth and needs shall 
require. The corner-stone of this chapel was laid January 8, 1893, and the completed building dedi- 
cated <in iMa\- 10, 1893. The Rev. Edward Everett Hale, D. 1)., of Boston, Mass., preached the sermon. 
The lot and chai)el, with the furnishing, not including a number of articles given, had cost some $12,000. 
Until the Sunday preceding the dedication, when services were held in the new chapel, the services had 
been held regular))- in the hall of the Masonic Temple, the original place of meeting At the end of 
the first year of the existence of the society, the voting membership was fifty-three. During the five 
years since, forty eight voting members have been added and twenty members have been witlulrawn 
by reason of death or removal, leaving at present an active membership of eighty one persons, repre- 
senting a parish of 180 persons in all, old and )oung. The trustees at present are: Henry F. Hitch, 
President ; W. C. Swift, Secretary, Mrs. Ross, C. Browning, Mrs. V. I''. Chubb, Warren Delano, Jr., 
Irving Smith, antl Thomas Fenton Taylor. In addition to the persons now ser\ing as trustees and 
those whose names ajipc.ir in the original list, Mrs. T. F. Taylor has also served. During the absence 
of Mr. Hitch for a year, Mr. Taylor served as president /w tci/i. 

The society was for a few years aided by the American Unit.irian .Association, but is now self- 
supporting. Its affili.itiiin is with the churches of the Unit, ni. in name, but its membership is open to 
all. without regard to creed, and all are welcome to its comn\union service as to its other services, to 
whom such recollection of Jesus and his teaching is helpful. It has a Sundaj' School numbering sixty; 
there is a branch of the National .Alliance of Unitarian and other l.ibeial Chiistian Women, a Friendly 
Society of women sews for charity and for the benefit of the church, a Unity Club — formerly known as 
the Young People's Association — furthers social intercourse among the members. The seats are free and 
expenses are met by voluntary subscriptions made by the members and other supporters of the church, 
according to their means. Morning service on Sundays is held at 10.30 A. M. and Sunday School at 
11.45 -'^- ^^- The service of special communion is held on the first Sundays of January, March, May, 
September and November, at 11-45 A- ^I-- talking the place on those days of Sunday School service. 



TlIK FoUNDKRS AND liUII.DKKS OP TIIF, ORANGES. 



19; 



Rkv. Edward Hai.k. the pastor, was born at Northampton, Mass., in 1868; graduated at Harvard 
Collct^e in 1879, at the head of his class of 200, takin-j the lii;^liest lionors in classics. For three years 
after graduation he was in Europe as tutor in an American family. In 1822-3 '^i-' ^^''i'' private secretary 
to President Eliot, of llarvartl University. In January, 1884, he entered the Divinity School of 
Harvard University, L;raduatin.Lj in 1SS6. In October of the same year he was ordained and installed 
as associate minister of the South Congregational Church, of Boston, of which Dr. Edward Everett 
Hale is the minister. From 18S7 to 1890 he was president of the Benevolent Fraternity of Churciies, 
in the city of Boston. From 18S8 up to the time he came to Orange, he was assistant in homiletics at 
the Harvard Divinity School, and was also secretary of the Society for the Relief of Aged and Destitute 
Clergymen. He was married, in 18S9, to Miss Emily Jose Milliken, of Boston. 




CATHOLIC CHURCHES. 

St. Joiin'.S R. C. Church. Previous to 1840 there were few Catholics in Orange, and for a number 
of \-ears little parties of devout worshippers walked to Ncwarlc tn attend ser\'icc there. In 1850 the 
number had become sufficiently large to need a 
church. .'\ii occasional service was held at the house 
of Thomas Henry. Capt. Ward, U. S. N., then a 
resident of Orange, became interested in the matter 
anti started a sul)scrii)tion. He laiscd about §3,000 
and purchasetl a lot diagonally opposite the present 
church. On this a frame buikling about 50.VIOO 
feet was erected which was dedicateil the first Sun- 
da)- in October, 1851. Father Senez assisted Capt. 
VVarti in the work and officiated as temporary priest. 
The first settled pastor of St. John's was Father 
McLaughlin, a Scotchman. He was soon succeeded 
b\- Rev. Father Kerin who, after a short stay, was 
transferretl in 1853 to another parish. Father Hub 
bersty, an Englishman, came next, and after him, 
Father Murray, whose unceasing efforts infused new 
life into the congregation. During his administration 
the little church was enlarged and a school-house 
erected. He also enlarged the pastor's residence 
adjoining the church and greatly improved the 
surroundings. He tlied after a brief illness, about 
1867. Rev. Father McKay was his successor, a man 
of kindly heart and engaging manners, 'i he congre- 
gation at this time hail outgrown the limited accom. 
modations and tlie church was thronged c utside ami 
inside. Father llicke\-, who succeeiled I-'ather 
McKaj', made a determined effort to su|)ply the 
growing demanil for increased accommotlations. 
Subscriptions were started and the present property, 

on the corner of Ridge anil White Streets, the highest spot in Orange east of the mountain, was 
purchased at a cost of $10,000. The present church edifice was commenced soon after and great 
difficulties were experienced to raise funds to carry on the work. Llewellyn S. Haskell bountifully 
offered his quarry to be used to what extent the builders might require and the offer was gladly 
accepted. Slowly but surely the walls rose toward the sky and in two years they had grown into 




ST. JOHN S R. C. CIILIRI II, ORANGE. 



196 



The Founders and IUildfrs of tiik Oranges. 



the similitude of the architect's plans. After more than three years' work the building was finally 
dedicated on October 10, 1869. It is built of red sand-stone and trap-rock and is located on the highest 
point. It is 160 feet deep by 68 feet in width. The outer side walls are supported by bastions. The 
tower at the north is 200 feet in height. The style throughout is that known as the foliated Gothic, a 
modification of the old church Gothic. In the body of the church are si.x muUioned windows on the 
north and seven on the south side, and in the upper arch fourteen windows, affording abundant means 
for the entrance of light and air. The w indows are of the finest quality of stained glass. The church 
has a seating capacity of 1,200. 

Rev. H. r. Fleming, the present beloved priest of the parish, was installed in 1874, and under his 
pastorate the church has had a remarkable growth and is now one of the most prosperous and successful 
parishes in the State. 

Columbus Hall, the new parochial school buiUling, one of the largest and most imposing buildings 
in the Oranges, was begun in 1892 and completed in 1894. It stands on the east corner of White and 
Chapel Streets and occupies the site of St. John's Hall (erected in 1851), which was removed to give 
place to it. The building has a frontage of 150 feet on White Street, running 76 feet on Chapel Street. 
The general design is Romanesque, and consists of a solid central building flanked on each side by a 
wing. The basement of the entire building up to the water-table is of Belleville stone, rock-faced. 

The central building is of the same 




stone through the first story. 



The 



remainder of this central building 
and both wings are of pressed brick, 
with stone belt courses and orna- 
mental terra cotta trimmings. The 
main entrance to the building is in 
the centre of the White Street front, 
which is reached by a double stone 
staircase coming down at each side. 
Along the front of the first story of 
the main building, over the windows 
and doors, is a row of massive arches 
of cut stone and on the central one, 
over the entrance, is the inscription, 
"Columbus Hall." In the front is 
a statue of Columbus of heroic size. 
On the first story the main 
entrance leads to a vestibule opening 
into a large central lobby from which 
corridors lead right and left to the 
class-rooms in either end of the build- 
in". On cither side of the vestibule is the office and reception room, and to the rear of the lobby, the 
library. There are eight class-rooms on this floor, besides convenient cloak rooms and other accessories. 
On the second fioor is a large assembly room. 70 .\- 42 feet. There are .seven classrooms on this floor, 
with cloak and toilet rooms for each. On the third floor there are four class-rooms in the wings. The 
entire central building on this floor is occupied by a theatre, 70 feet in width by 48 feet from the 
proscenium arch. The stage is 70 feet wide by 25 feet deep. The gallery in the theatre is su.spended 
from the roof trusses by heavy iron rods incased in brass. By this arrangement an uninterrupted view 
of the stage is secured from every part of the main floor of the auditorium. The ceiling of the theatre 
is 28 feet high and finished in a dome 28 feet in diameter. The stage is fully equipped with scenery 
and all the necessary requisites of a well-appointed theatre. The whole school building is one of the 



The Founders and Bi-iidi-rs of the Oranges. 197 

finest in the State of New Jersey. The arcliitect was Jeremiah O'Rourke, of Newark, but 
everything was done under the immediate sujjervision of Father Fleming himself. A fine collection 
of paintings and etchings adorn the walls, all of which were placed there by Father Fleming. 

The Chukcii OF Our Ladv IIelI' ok Christian.S, corner of North Clinton and Main Streets. 
East Orange. This parish was founded in the spring of 1882, by Rt. Rev. W. M. Wigger, the present 
bishop. Its first rector was Rev. M. P. O'Connor, at present rector of the Holy Cross Church, Harrison, 
N. J. He soon had a congregation numbering some 200. Shortly after he began his work here he 
purchased two lots on North Clinton Street, at a cost of $2,500, and erected a frame structure at a cost 
of $8,000. He was succeeded by Rev. Pierce McCarthy and Rev. Michael J. Kcrwin, both of whom 
labored zealously in building up and placing the parish on a firm footing. Father Kerwin was stricken 
with paralysis on September 15. ib'93, and died May 10, 1894. The present incumbent, Rev. J. P. 
Callahan, a graduate of SlIoii 1 1 all College, was appointed administralur during his illness, and upon 
his demise was regularly appointed rector. The amount of work accomplished by Father Callahan 
during his administration is marvellous. With a congregation of 1,600 to 1,700 souls and the numbers 
constant]}- increasing, he found the accommodations entirely inadequate and realized that something 
must be done at once. He was not a man to slirink from any undertaking, however great the obstacles 
to be overcome, and within three years from the time he began his labors in East Orange a magnificent 
marble edifice, with its tall spire reaching heavenward, was completed and provided with every conveni- 
ence to meet the wants of his people. P'ather Callahan attended to and super\iscd every detail, both 
in the plans and in the construction of the building. Work was begun in the summer of 1896 and on 
the 2d of September following, the corner-stone was laid with appropriate ceremonies. 

The principal facade of the church has a frontage on Main Street of "ji feet, with a depth of 163 
feet on North Clinton Street. The front wall being set back from the street thirty feet permits a 
generous arrangement of steps and terraces leading to the main entrance. In the arrangement of the 
plan the purpose has been to secure an unobstructed view of the sanctuary and chapels from all parts 
of the auditorium. To obtain this result the usual clere story and aisle arrangement has been 
abandoned, the ceiling of the auditorium being a clear space of si.\t)-two feet from wall to wall with 
no intervening columns. In general plan the church consists of an auditorium 62 feet wide by I 12 feet 
long, enteretl frum the front vestibules, which, with the baptistry, extends across the whole front of the 
church, the main \estibule at the centre being flanked on the right by the tower vestibule, which has 
direct comnuinicaticm with North Clinton Street antl on the left by the baptistry. Stairs in the tower 
vestibule lead to the roomy choir and organ gallery abo\e the centre vestibule. Communication with 
the present rectory is through the baptistry. At the northerly end the auditorium is terminated by a 
sanctuary having a depth from the altar rail of 35 feet. On either side open the chapels, smaller in 
size but similar in arrangement and appearance. Additional vestibules afford exit from the auditorium 
near the altar rail, one on the North Clinton Street side and a second on the westerly side leading to 
the interior of the church property. Both these vestibules communicate with the vestries in the rear, 
the former giving access to the boys' vestrj- and the latter to the sacristry connected by an ambulatory 
immediately behind the sanctuary. Two sets of confessionals are provided near the sanctuary, each 
being entered through arches in the side walls of the auditorium, and in consequence being 
completely removed from the aisles. In design, the edifice is Gothic of the French type, somewhat 
decorative in treatment as compared with Gothic architecture in this country. In materials selected for 
the exterior of the church an effect of light and brilliancy is obtained by the use of a white marble of 
large crystalization for the mass of the work. The marble was quarried in St. Lawrence County, N. Y., 
and furnished w^'th a rock-faced surface in bold relief. The trimmings and ornamental work are of a 
bluish gray marble from the same quarry, slightly darker than the ashlar, a contrast not sufficiently 
great to destroy the proportion and massing of the design. The principal feature of the Main Street 
front is the pointed spire rising to a height of 160 feet. The main doorway at the centre of the front 



iqS Thic Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

has a width of twelve feet and is enclosed with a subordinate gable, on the face of the vestibule wall. 
This doorway is flanked by clustered columns and surmounted by a large pointed arch, deeply moulded, 
enclosing a tympanum of marble which in the future is to contain a sculpture in deep relief represent- 
ing Pope Pius VII crowning the statue of the Blessed Virgin, and instituting the feast of Our Lady 
Help of Christians.* 

Immediately above the doors and beneath the tympanum will appear a panel on which will be cut 
the name of Our Lady Help of Christians. The doors are almost entirely covered with elaborately 
wrought iron hinged plates. The front wall of the vestibule, extending from the spire on the right to 
the baptistry on the left, is finished at a height of thirt\-tw() feet by a paneled balustrade continued 
across the face of the tower. Beneath this balustrade extends a long arc^lde of small pointed windows 
lighting the choir gallery and separated one from another bj- short ornamental columns. This arcade 
is also continued around the spire and finds its counterpart in the longer but similar windows of the 
baptistry on the left, which are separated by the buttresses on the angles of the baptistry wall. The 
main gable of the auditorium sets back some fifteen feet from the front wall of the \estibule and has 
been treated in a manner as simple as possible. Its princi[)al feature is a rose window sixteen feet in 
diameter immediately above the vestibule roof. A single narrow window near the peak is the only 
other opening in this main gable wall, and its only feature in addition to the rose window is a small 
octagonal ventilating turret on the left corresponding in position to the spire on the right. 

[A more extended and detailed description of the interior of this beautiful church was furnished 
the writer by Father Callahan, but owing to the limited space allotted to the subject is necessarily 
omitted.] The plans of the church were drawn by O'Connor & Metcalf, architects, of New York 
Cit}'. The senior member of this firm has achie\-ed quite a reputation as the designer of many of the 
Cathcilic churches in ami about New York. 

Church of the Immaculate Conception. This is situated on South Orange Avenue, in South 
Orange. It was built in 1862 and has a seating capacity of 200. 

Church of Our Ladv of the Valley, corner of Valley and Nassau Streets, Orange, Rev. 
W. R. Callan, rector, George D. O'Neill, assistant. The church has been organized for some j'ears and 
has a successful Sunday School connected with it. 

St. Winand's, Henry Street, corner of Cone Street, Orange. l\c\-. 1'. A. Wen/.el, rector. This is 
a growing little church of modest pretensions. 

I Neither of the above named churches responded to the in\itation to furnish tlata for a history of 
their organizations.] 

Seton Hall Colleoe, near South Orange Avenue. South Orange. It is located on what was 
formerh' known as Chestnut Ridge and occupies a commanding position, with ample grounds for the use 
of the students. The college was founded in i.S5r>, at Madison. N. J., by the Most Re\-. J. Roosevelt 
Bayley, D. D., the first Bishop of Newark. During the summer vacation of i860 it was remo\ed to its 
present location at South Orange. It was incor[)orated bj- an act of the Legislature in 1861, receiving 
all the rights and privileges of other colleges in the State. The college buildings are of stone, large 
and commodious, thoroughly ventilated and pro\itled with every modern convenience for the use of 
the students. The aim of the faculty is to impart a good education in the highest sense of the word, 
to train the moral, intellectual and physical being. The health, manners and morals of the students, 
all of whom are required to live in the college, arc objects of constant care. The .system of govern- 
ment combines strict discipline with kind and gentle treatment. The students are instructed thoroughly 



♦He ascrilied his return from exile and the place of the church consequent to the fall of Napoleon, to the Blessed Virgin 
whose help the Christian world had employed with fervent and lasting prayer. 



Tnii Founders and Huilueks of the Orangks. 



199 



in tlie doctrines of tiio Roman Catholic Church ami traincil in its practice. The coijejjc was named in 
honor of Arciiijisliop Hayley's aunt, IMotiicr Seton, wiio introduced tlie Sisters of Charity into the 
Unitctl States and to wlmse prayers lie attributed the grace of his conversion to the faitli. 



Young Mkn's Christian Association. Tiiis association was the direct out','rowth of a scries of 
meetings held by the well-known evangelists Messrs. Moody and Sankey, in the Park skating rink, in 
September, 18S5, and the wave of spiritual enthusiasm which swej)! through the surrounding territory 
at that time. Mr. Moody strongly urged the need of such an association for Orange. Shortly after 
this, Samuel Colgate invited a parlor conference which was held at his home and tiie objects and means 
of promoting such an organization were presented to the invited guests. This was followed by a 
public meeting in Music Ilall, October 15, 1S85, which was largely attended and all the preliminary 
arrangements of the organization effected. At an adjourned meeting a week later, the following 
gentlemen were chosen as directors: Dr. George Hayles, Walter Hughson, Gilbert Colgate, Joseph C. 
Davis, Frederick L. Grant, George J. l"'erry, John D. Chitter, George A. Newman. Richanl M. Colgate, 
Dr. J. W. Stickler, Arthur D. Chambers, Samuel V. Jaync and John E. I'addock. The board organized 
by the election of Gilbert Colgate as President, Dr. Stickler, Vice-President, and John D. Cutter, 
Treasurer. 

Measures were at once taken to bring the association into active shape, and on December 12, 18S5, 
the okl house standing just east of the North Baptist Church (since removed by the opening of 
1 lickory Street) was secured as the headquarters of the association. M. W. Voorhees was engaged as 

the general secre- 
tarj- and the active 
work of the associ- 
ation began. On 
December 17,1885, 
a conference of a 
number of leading 
citizens interested 
in the scheme was 
held and it was 
then and there de- 
cided to purchase 
a lot on Main St., 
the present loca- 
tion. A subscrip- 
tion list was started 
and in the spring 
of the following 
)' e a r t h e s u m 
pledged amounted 
to §25,000. and it 
was decided to be- 
gin work at once. 
Ground w a s 
broken in June and 
on January 11, 
1887, the building 
was formally opened and the association took possession of the new home. The building stands well 
back from the front, affording ample room for any additions that may be required in the future. It 




VdlNG MEN S CJlRr^TlAX ASXK lATloN. 0KAN(;F.. 



200 Thk Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

has a gj'iTinasium over fift}' feet square, well lighted and ventilated, and equipped with the best 
modern apparatus. It has two regulation bowling alleys provided with all the requisite conveniences, 
etc. The reading room is well supplied with the best magazines and papers, and also a large collection 
of artists' proofs wood engravings, valued at over $3-000. The reading room is free to all. On the 
third floor is Association Hall, with a seating capacity of about 450, the boys' reading and game room, 
etc. A chess room on the fourth floor has proved a great attraction and the chess club has played a 
number of tournaments here which have proved a credit to Orange. In June, iSgo, a colored branch 
of the association was opened in Willow Hall, under the charge of W. T. Plume, which has proved 
greatly beneficial to this class of people. A branch of the association was started not long after in 
Orange Valley which has since become detached and self-supporting. 

E. VV. V'oorhces was the first general secretary of the association. He resigned in 1886 and was 
succeeded the same year by John T. Swift. The latter remained till January, 1SS8, when he resigned 
to go as a missionar\- to Japan. Sumner F. Dudley, his successor, served until September 15, 1890, and 
was followed b_\- Harold W. liuchanan, who held the position for a year. M. J. Trenier\- was appointed 
in March, 1893, and was succeedctl by the present incumbent. Gilbert Colgate served as president of 
the association for two years; Dr. J. W. Stickler, two years; Richard M. Colgate, three years, and was 
succeeded by Charles T. Kilborne. There are now conncctetl with the association a Banjo, Guitar and 
Mandolin Club, besides evening classes in book-keeping, penmanship and stenography, bowling club, 
bic\'cle club, etc. Frequent entertainments of various kinds are given which are well attended. 
Although the distinctively religious meetings are confined to the bible class and the men's meetings on 
Sunday afternoons, yet it is the effort of all connected with the association to throw around the boys 
and )-oung men that come to the building an elevating and purifying moral atmosphere. The present 
officers of the association are: President, Charles T. Kilborne; Vice-President, A. W. Brigham ; 
Recording Secretary, David G. Holmes; Treasurer, George T. Seely. Directors. — Charles T. Kilborne, 
Joseph W. Stickler, Samuel O. Church, Edward Green, C. W. Baldwin, George F. Seeley, E. II. Dutcher, 
Richard M.Colgate, Dickinson W. Richards, Sumner F. Dudley, I. N. Burdick, David G. Holmes, 
W'illjur S. Knowles, A. W. I'liiL^liani. 

CEriETERIES. 

The old burial-ground at Newark contained the remains of many of the early settlers of Orange. 
These have all been removed and the only trace of them now is to be found in a copy of the 
inscriptions on the tombs, in the possession of tiie New Jersey Historical Society. The inscriptions on 
the tombs in the Orange burial-ground arc also preserved by this society. The "old cemetery," as it is 
now known, is located on the corner of Main and Scotland Streets, in the city of Orange. It was 
deeded to the Mountain Society by Nathaniel Wheeler, one of the first settlers at the mountain. 
There is only one of the original signers of the Fundamental Agreement— Anthony Olef — buried here. 
The earliest dates found on any of the tombstones are: Anthony Olive (or Olef), died March 16, 1723, 
aged 87; Nathaniel Wheeler, died October 4, 1726, aged 87; Esther Wheeler, died March 14, 1732-3, 
aged 87; Matthew William^, died November 12, 1732, aged 81; Ruth Williams, dietl July 27, 1724, 
aged 67; Samuel I'ierson, died May 16, 1730, aged 67; Samuel Ward, died May 15, 1733, aged 52; 
Dorcas Harrison, dieil June 25, 1738, aged 76; Ebene/.er Lindsley, died November 1, 1743, aged 78. It 
will be noticed that the first burial took place three years after ground was purchased of Samuel 
Wheeler on which to erect a place of worship, and Nathaniel Wheeler was the second one buried there, 
unless, perchance, others were buried there with no tombstone to mark the spot. The original plot 
contained about one and one-third acres ami had a frontage of 132 feet on the highway (now Main 
Street) and 421 feet on Scotland Street. Two acres adjoining were purchased by the parish in 1792 for 
.^38 2s. This made the frontage 2S9 feet with a depth of 629 feet. There are over 5CO gravestones 
in this old burying-ground on which the inscriptions are still legible. 



The Founders and Builders ok the Oranges. 201 

Si". IMark's Cemetery. Tliis adjoins the old cemetery and appears to form a part of it. The 
corporation of St. Mark's Church, in November, 1842, bought a lot 86 feet in width on Main Street, 
lying west and extending south, the same in depth as the old cemetery. Tlie whole plot, including 
both cemeteries, is left exposed on the east side without enclosure. It will probably not be many years 
before the graves will be removed and this valuable site lying in the heart of the city will be devoted 
to business purposes. 

ROSED.M.E Cemetery. The necessity for a new burial grcuind became apparent soon after the 
organization of the Second Presbyterian — now Brick Church, of East Orange, and what is now known 
as Rosedale Cemetery was started by a few gentlemen connected with tliis church. They first 
purchased a tract of ten acres lying within the boundaries of the present East Orange, in what was 
formerly known as Dodti Town. They obtained an act of the Legislature incorporating them with 
simple powers and adequate securities against the encroachments of business enterprise. The act of 
incorporation was passed November 13, 1840, and was among the first in the State for chartering 
cemeteries. Three years later an additional purchase of about ten acres was made. The original 
incorporators were Calvin Dodd, Cyrus Baldwin, Aaron Williams, Timothy W. Mulford, Jabez Pierson, 
Albert Pierson and William Pierson, Jr. These incorporators were made the original board of managers 
and the articles of incorporation recite thai they shall have power to "take and hold in fee the tract of 
land situate in the township of Orange, near the residence of Caleb Williams, containing about ten 
acres, late the property of John Quinby, deceased." The original incorporation of the cemetery was 
under the title of "The Proprietors of the Orange Cemetery." On March 8, 1844, a supplement to the 
act of incorporation was passed changing the corporate name to "The Proprietors of Rosedale 
Cemetery." The original officers were : President, Calvin Dodd ; Treasurer, Albert Pierson ; Secretary, 
Cyrus Baldwin. The original act limited the members of the corporation to the owners of lots in the 
cemetery and provide that they may add other poperty not exceeding thirty acres in the whole. This 
was found to be entirely inadequate and an act was passed by the Legislature on April 3, 1S67, author- 
izing the acquirement by the corporation of additional land to the extent of seventy-five acres. The 
act gave the company power to issue bonds to the extent of S;,o,ooo, bearing interest at seven per cent, 
exempt from taxes. The only sources of income to the cemetery are from the sale of lots, the opening 
of graves and the amounts paid by the lot owners for the care of the lots. The affairs of the company 
are managed by a board of seven directors chosen annually. Calvin Dodd, the original president of the 
corporation, was succeeded by William Pierson, Jr. His successors have been Nelson Lindsley, George 
Lindsley, Thomas S. Root and Charles A. Lighthipe. the present incumbent of the office. George I*. 
Kingsley has been the treasurer since October, 1875. Charles F. Lighthipe is the secretary. The 
present Board of Directors consists of the following: From Orange. — Charles A. Lighthipe, George P. 
Kingsley, George Spottiswoode, Horton D. Williams, and William R.Howe. From East Orange.— 
Llias O. Dorcmus; and from Montclair.— Frederick Harris, Dr. J. J. H. Love and Philip Doremus. 



CHAPTER XV. 



CIVIL HISTORY OF ORANGE. 



CHANGE FROM TOWNSHIP TO TOWN GOVERNMENT; DIVISION AND ERECTION OF SOUTH. WEST 

AND EAST ORANGE TOWNSHIPS; CITY CHARTER; MUNICIPAL ORGANIZATION; POLICE 

AND FIRE DEPARTMENTS; WATER WORKS; MAYORALITV ; CITY CLERKS; 

EDUCATIONAL; INDUSTRIES; BANKS; THE PRESS; LIBRARIES; 

ORANGE FREE LIBRARY; NEW ENGLAND SOCIETY; 

MUSIC HALL; MENDELSSOHN UNION. 






4\r 


f^': 


. /.^^. : 


' ' ^^' ■ 


J ^' 


''•v\ 





HE old form of township government ser\ed its purpose during the first half century 
of its existence. As the town increased in population however, a change in the 
form of government became necessary, and on Thursday evening, November 17, 1859, 
a meeting of the citizens of Orange was held at Willow Hall, pursuant to a call of 
the Township Committee, to consider the propriety of applying to the Legislature 
fi)r a change in the laws regulating the township government. The meeting was 
called to order by Mr. Nelson Lindsley. Dr. Rabbit was appointed chairman and 
E. 1). Pierson secrerary. A resolution was adopted, introduced by Dr. Pierson, 
"That it is expedient to tal<e measures for the better government of the town."' 
AiKither resolution was adopted appointing a committee of five persons who, with 
tlie Township Committee, should determine upon some plan to carry out the wisliesof 
the meetin"' as expressed in the first resolution, and report at a subsequent meeting. This committee 
consisted of William Pierson, Simeon Harrison, Napoleon Stetson, Isaac J. Everitt. ami Jesse Williams. 
The several matters mentioned in the call for the meeting were taken up and discussed in their order. 
These embraced the "rading of streets, a police and fire department, license for the sale of liquors, 
division of election districts, etc.. which were referred to the committee. A plan was formulated by 
this committee, application was made to the State Legislature, and on January 31, i860, an act was 
approved incorporating the town of Orange, the second section of which defined the boundaries of the 
town and wards as follows: 

■• And he it cnactt-d. That the said town shall be divided into three wards, as follows, viz.: The first 
ward shall comprise all the territory lying east of a line commencing at the junction of Centre Street 
and Clinton Township; thence along the centre of the same to its junction with Harrison Street; 
thence to the spring near William Crane's, the origin of Parrow's Brook ; thence along said brook to 
Main Street; thence in a direct line to the centre of North Park Street; thence along the centre of 
said street to the Hloomfield line. The second ward shall compri.se the territory lying west and north 
of the west line of the aforesaitl first ward and the centre of Main Street, ami of the turnpike road to 
Livingston Townshi]). All the remaining territory of the town shall constitute the third ward." 

The subsequent twenty-one sections of the act pertain to the duties and power of town officers, 
election of town officers, mode of elections. Common Council, marshal and various other matters 
connected with the government of the new town. The tiisintegration of the territory embraced in the 
old township of Orange began soon after this. South Orange was set off from Clinton. Milburn and 
Orange, January 26, 1861. and in 1863 a successful effort was made in the Legislature to further divide 
the township. The year previous, for geographical rea.sons, the township of P"airmount had been set 
off. This township included all the mountain district west of Perry Lane. Now the disintegration was 



The FouNuiiRs and Builders ok the Oranc;es. 203 

contiiuied and a new line, some distance east of tlie Valley Road, was made the western boundary line, 
the inteivcnin<; district beini^ added to Kairmount and the whole of it called West Oranjje. The 
tnuiishii) iif I'.ast Orange was broken off on a line of few hundred feet west of the Brick Church and 
continued on a course wliich ran near the eastern boundary of Rosedale Cemetery to the Bloomfield 
line. Thus Orange was dispossessed of much of its territory, but it still retained the bulk of population. 

The condition of Orange under the old townsliip government is briefly set forth by Rev. James 
Hoyt in his History of the First Church (published by C. M. Saxton, Barker & Co., i860), together 
with suggestions of needed changes: "The first need is a municipal organization of the village or, in 
lieu of this, some change in the civil administration of the township. In the judgment of many, the 
exigencies of the village call for the corporate powers of a borough. It can hardly be expected that 
local interests, which are every year assuming a greater magnitude, should be suitably regarded by the 
township authorities and a large proportion of their constituents. Many improvements are needed 
which are not to be looked for at the hands of a town meeting. The want of better sidewalks has 
furnished a subject for much reasonable complaint on the part of both residents and strangers, and 
the very imperiousness of this want has, during the last year, induced many of our merchants and 
others to flag the walks that line their premises. In considerable portions of Main Street and in some 
of those that intersect it, the footman now finds the comfort of a plank or of something broader and 
better beneath his feet, and the continuity and connection of these comforts are increasing. During 
the last summer, for the first time, two water-carts were seen passing up and down our principal 
thorougiifares, set in motion by private contributors, clarifying the dusty air and relieving the housemaids 
of no little toil by their showerj' discharges. Yet, a more liberal and permanent provision for sprinkling 
the streets is needed. Street lamps are a further desideratum. This will doubtless be supplied ere 
long, now that the means are furnished by the Orange gas works." 

The various improvements under the new form of government were soon forthcoming and one after 
another, as necessity required, has been introduced, and at the present time there is no city in the State 
of New Jersey better equipped or better provided with every requisite for comfort and convenience 
tlian the city of Orange. 

After a few years trial the okl charter was found to be inadequate in many respects to meet the 
changes necessitated by a constantly increasing population. The Orange Chronicle, under date of 
February, i86g, says : " It is proposed to make Orange a city. The reasons assigned are claimed to be 
the loose, disconnected character of the present charter and its various supplements, as well as the 
growing state of Orange with its continually increasing population and manufacturing interests." 

" The new document provides that where it took three persons to perform the duties of collector of 
taxes and one treasurer, these will all be performed by one person. The official who performs these 
duties will be ap|)ointed by the Common Council under the new law. The first election under the 
new charter took place on Tuesday, March 9, 1869. The name given in the charter was the Town of 
Orange. George J. Ferry was the first mayor elected under the new charter. George Spottiswoode 
was one of the three elected to the council from the third ward. The first ward was represented by 
Edward D. Pierson, Jared Porter and Wilberforce Freeman, all republicans. The second ward, David 
N. Ropes, rep., Henry Enger, rep., and William M. Hart, dem. The third ward, David Beach, dem., 
George Spottiswoode, dem., Robert McChesney, dem." On April 3, 1872, by an act of the Legislature, 
the corporate name of the town of Orange was changed to that of the City of Orange, and under the 
new regime impc^rtant changes and improvements were made. The town officers continued until the 
expiration of their terms. The mayor at that time was Edward Austin, and Henry B. Wiggin was the 
first one elected under the new form of government. 

Police DeI'AKTMENT. Previous to 1S60 the only officers who were authorized to make arrests 
for any cause were the sheriff and his deputies and the town constables. With the growth of Orange 
up to this time there had been a considerable increase in crime, and the necessity for an efficient police 



304 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



force had become apparent. The condition of Orange at this time is briefly set forth by Dr. Hoyt in 
his History of tlie First Churcli. He says: "In streets unilluminated and untraversed by any kind of 
night guard the incendiary and the burglar find circumstances not a little favorable to their criminal 
designs. Successful burglaries have of late been alarmingly frequent and in no case within the writer's 
knowledge has either the criminal or his plunder been discovered. Impunity has given encouragement 
to these bold attempts, in which stores, private dwellings and even sleeping rooms ha\'e been robbed of 
their contents while the owners slept. There is also much open dissipation and street drunkenness on 
which a check would be laid by the vigilance of a well-organized police." 

With the incorporation of the town of Orange in i860 the charter provided for a marshal of 
police and such patrolmen as might be appointed. For the next ten j-ears, however, the marshal 
himself comprised the whole police force, he calling 
on the constables whenever he needed assistance in 
making arrests. In 1870, soon after the revised 
charter went into effect extending the powers of 
the corporation, the Common Council appointed si.x 
policemen. There were frequent changes in the 
marshalship previous to 1881. In that year William 
McChesney was appointed and has held the position 
continuously ever since. The number of policemen 
has been increased from time to time as the needs 
of the city and increasing crimes and disorders — due 
largely to the increase in the number of saloons — 
made necessary. Chief of Police William McChesney, 
in his annual report for the year ending in Ma}-, 
1896, gives the present force as : Chief, one detect- 
ive sergeant, one night sergeant, three roundsmen 
and twenty-three patrolmen, with seven chancemen. 

Three patrolmen and six chancemen have been added during the year. He reports 971 arrests, 22 lost 
children restored, 96 store doors found open, 369^ electric lights out all night and 1,531 out parts of 
the night. Lost and stolen property amounting to §5,849.60 had been restored to the owners. 

Prior to i860 there was no lockup or other place for the detention of prisoners. One of the first 
acts of the Common Council which came into e.xistence in i860 was to provide a suitable building 
fortius purpose. It consisted of a one and one-half story frame building, 16x24. The lower floor 
was divided into three rooms, two of which were used as cells. These were so constructed that they 
were ea.sy of egress as well as ingress, to the prisoners. The windows were covered with iron bars and 
wire netting. A new building, of which the present one on Centre Street forms a part, was erected in 
1871, during the mayoralty of Edward Austin. This building was altered, improved and enlarged in 
1895-6, at a cost of $5,000, and is said to be one of the most convenient and best equipped police 
stations in the county. 

The Orange Fire Department. Spasmodic efforts were made from time to time to organize a 
fire department in Orange long before it emerged from a country village to a full grown town. The 
first effort in this direction was made in 1839, just after the destruction by fire of the big shoe factory 
of Coiulit & Pierson, involving a loss of about $20,000. The Pioneer Engine Company was organized 
at that time by Richard Kelsal, of which he was made foreman. A small hand engine was purchased 
(^probably second-hand) which, even in those tlays, was rather antiquated. It was provided with 
horizontal brakes which worked from front to rear, worked by eight men at a time who were supplied 
by relays from the company in order to keep up the pressure. There being no suction, necessitated the 
forming of a " bucket brigade " for each occasion to keep up the supply of water. The "apparatus" 
was kept for a long time in the barn in the rear of Abraham Mandeville's house on Main Street. The 




ORANGE POLICE STATION. 



The FouNiiERs and liuiLDiius oi- hik Okangks. 205 

"macliine" as well as tlie company lin^'cred for a few years antl finally (Iisai)()eared, there being no 
further use for either. Tlie disastrous fire of 1855 which destroyed Moses B. Caiifieid's shoe factory 
and dwelling, which stood on the present site of the library building, on Main Street, near the First 
Church. Another effort was made at this time to organize a fire company and devise .suitable means for 
protection. It did not materialize, however, and nothing further was done until the following year, 
when two more fires occur.ed which destroyed a large amount of property. This arou.sed the people and a 
determined effort was made to organize a fire department, and on December 20, 1856. a bill was introduced 
in the State Legislature entitled, "An act to incorporate the Orange Fire Department." This was to 
he under the control of a stock comi)any, with a capital of $io,ooo, and the Board of Managers were 
"emi)owered to admit to all privileges of corporators any individual residing in the township of Orange, 
but not included in the aforesaid limits, upon his signifying in writing his wish to be so included." The 
" limits" as defined in the bill were: " Beginning at the junction and running in a straight line to the 
house of J. B. Cornell, in I'rospect Street; thence in a straight line to the house of Philip Ward; thence 
to Eagle Rock; thence to Ludlow Patton's house; thence to George Wheeler's house: thence to the 
place of beginning." The bill provided for a "Chief Engineer who shall be appointed by the lioard of 
Managers, and an Assistant Engineer who shall be elected by the firemen." The bill contained nineteen 
sections; its provisions, however, did not meet with the approval of the community and it was defeated. 

In 1857 Henry M. Graham obtained a number of subscriptions and procured in New York a small 
hand fire engine. The alarming increase of incendiarism and the want of suflficient and convenient 
sup])lies of water protiuced a reaction. As the engine had not been paid for, it was sent back to New 
York and the company soon after disbanded. 

Although fires were of frequent occurrence, it was not until Jul\' 11, 1865. that the ordinance for 
the creation of a fire department was finally passed. It prmided for a chief engineer, one or more 
assistant engineers " and such engine men, hose men, hook and ladder men and bucket men as may be 
necessary." Richard A. Terhune was appointed chief engineer and Charles W. Banta, assistant. Mr. 
Terhune was succeeded the following year by Charles F. Arcularius as chief engineer. The first 
company organized was that of Liberty Hook and Ladder Company, No. i, and the first fire apparatus 
purchased was for the equipment of this company. In accordance with a resolution of the council, 
passed May 6, 1867, three cisterns were built along the line of Parrow Brook, which were subsequently 
increased to thirteen. These were of uniform size and were expected to hold about 30.COO gallons 
each. After the introduction of the regular water supply these were no longer used. 

The first steamer company was organized May 8, 1868, known as the Watchung Engine Company. 
There was considerable opposition to the organization and Wilberforce Freeman, who was then running 
for council, was elected by a large majority because of his advocacy of this movement. About the 
same time an ordinance was passed prohibiting the erection of any frame building fronting on Main 
Street, between High antl Park Streets. An amendment was subsequently passed limiting the prohibi- 
tion to 250 feet from Main Street. A " Dennison " steamer was purchased, against the wishes of Mr. 
Arcularius. in consequence of which he resigned Jul\- 17, 1868, and was succeeded by Robert F. Birdsall. 
During his administration the "Dennison " steamer was found to be defective and was overhauled and 
rebuilt by the Gould Manufacturing Co., of Newark. Mr. Birdsall resigned July 19, 1870, and David J. 
O'Neil was appointed to fill the vacancy. Relief Engine Companj-, No. 2, was organized October 4, 
1869. and the Valley Engine Company, No. 3, on January 3, 1870, and Llewellyn Hose Company was 
organized November 20, 1871. During the summer and autumn of 1S69. a suitable building for the use 
of the fire department was erected on Canfield Street. A tablet on the front of this building contains 
the following inscription : 

Orange Fire Department. 

Robert F. Birdsall, Chief. 

George J. Ferry. Mayor. 

Henry W. Egner. J. 1!. I'orter, George Spottiswootle. Fire Commillee. 



2o6 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

In 1873 '^''c paid fire department was organized under Chief Engineer John J. F"ell. who succeeded 
Mr. O'Neil in i.S"!. Another steamer was added, with hose carriage, and horses were tlicn first used for 
drawing the apparatus. The department at this time consisted of fifty-nine members, but after the estab- 
lishment of the new water works it was found that a sufficient pressure could be obtained by gravit)-, 
thus dispensing with the steamers and reducing the meml)ersliip of the companies. Thomas Harrup 
was appointed chief engineer of the department in September, 1875. With the exception of a slight 
intermission he held the position until March, iSSi. Charles Dodd served from that time until 1884, 
when Mr. Harrup was again appointed, continuing in office until February, 1887, ^'^d was succeeded 
by the present incumbent, James VV. Hodgkinson. Improvements and additions have been made in 
the department since 1887 and it is now one of the best equipped fire departments in the State. The 
Gamewell system of fire alarm telegraph was introduced in 1887 and in May, 1893, a transmitter box 
was placed in the Canfield Street engine house and the cit_\- was sub-divided into smaller districts. 

Water Works. The question of water supply for the city of Orange was under consideration for 
many years before any definite plan was decided upon. As early as 1869 a committee appointed b\- the 
Common Council examined all the streams within three miles of Orange and tested the capacity of 
several springs in what was known as " Ropes' Swamp." They made a report to the Common Council, 
but no steps were taken by them toward obtaining a supply. Other committees were appointed and 
various plans suggested during the next few years, but nothing came of it. A company was organized 
and incorporated, known as the Orange Water Company, and on December 13, 1880, the books of the 
company were opened and 1,380 shares were subscribed for and a Board of Directors elected on the 
30th of December following. The plan submitted by the company was objected to by the citizens and 
no action was taken. At a meeting of the Common Council held March 28, 1883, a resolution was 
adopted providing for the appointment of a Water Commission composed of two citizens of each w^ard. 
The following persons were appointed by Mayor Hartford: H. A. Harvey, David Dodd, John Gill, 
George Spottiswoode, A. M. Matthews and David Beach. This commission made a careful examination 
of the various sources of su[)i)ly and finally recommended the west brancli of the Railway River as 
affording better facilities for a permanent water supply than any other. They recommended that the 
works be built by the city and that the supply be obtained from this source. They also recommended 
bonding the city for $400,000 to construct the works. These recommendations were adopted and, later, 
an ordinance passed for the ajipointment of a water committee, engineers, etc., to prosecute the work. 
William B. Rider was appointed engineer and work was at once commenced. On February 1, 1884, he 
made his final report to the city authorities who accepted the works, and on the 22d of February, the 
capacity and efficiency of the works were tested in the city of Orange, to the satisfaction of the "City 
Fathers," as well as the fire department and thousands of spectators. 

The reservoir from which the city is now supplied is situated on the west branch of the Rahway 
River, between the First and Second Mountains. The works consist of a large storage reservoir, with 
the necessary arrangement of gates, pipes, screens, gate-houses and waste weir, also a main supply pipe, 
or aqueduct, and street mains, with gates, hydrants and other fixtures. The quantity of land taken for 
reservoir purposes is 100.65 acres; cjuantity flowed, 65.647 acres. The dam is situated about 1,000 feet 
north of South Orange Avenue. It is S32 feet long from the westerly end to the overflow. It is 
twenty feet wide on the top, with a suitable slope on each side to insure strength and stability. 
Through the entire length of the embankment is a cemented wall ten feet thick at the base, one and 
one-half feet thick at tiie top ami two feet above the flowage line. The total storage capacity is about 
four hundred and seventy millions of gallons. Tiie overflow above original bed of brook, 36 feel ; top 
of flow line above railroad at Cone Street depot, 142 feet. The main pipe is sixteen inclies, inside 
diameter, excepting through the tiam. The thickness of the pipe has been graded so as to correspond 
with the different heads of pressure in different localities. The whole line is laid so that the top is four 
feet below the surface of the ground, except at such points where the undulating surface required greater 



Tin; FcuNDERS AND Brii.r)F.Rs OK THE Oranges. 207 

or less depth. At each summit is placed an air valve. Blow-outs have been scattered along the line for 
clearing the pipe when necessary and gates have been set at different points to shut off the water for 
repairs, etc. 

H\diants aic set near the street corners and along the lines of the streets, so that nearly every 
point within the city limits can be covered with two luindred and fifty feet of hose. All the hydrants 
have two no/zles, except in the business centre or near schools, ciiurches, manufactories or public 
l)iiildiii;^s, where they have three nozzles, and all are provided with a six inch inlet. All the distribution 
pipes are of such sizes as to afford protection against fire, at every place where the pipes are laid or to 
which they may be e.xtended. The estimate for pipe was 185,645 feet and only 170,811.15 were found 
actually necessary to be laid ; 116 gates were increased to 133, while but 183 hydrants were put in out 
of 200 estimated. The contractors were Messrs. Freel & McNamce, builders of the dam. and Mr. 
F. C. O'Reilly, who laid all the pipe. 

MAYORS OF ORANGE, 1860-1896. 

It was eminciitU' litling that the fust and second mayors of Orange — William Pierson and Stephen 
W. Tichcnor — should be chosen from the descendants of the Founders of the Oranges, to lay the 
foundation of the new town which, in a few years, was to become a thriving, populous city. The first 
one. Dr. William Pierson, was a descendant of Thomas Pierson, the Newark ancestor, and his personal 
record will be found in the history of this family, under the head of "The Founders of the Oranges and 
Their Descendants." Stephen W. Tichenor, the second mayor, was elected in 1863. He was a 
descendant of Martin Tichenor, one of the signers of the " Fundamental Agreement," in 1666 The 
Tichenors were among the original members of the Mountain Society and have resided at the mountain 
for more than one hundred and fifty years. Ten mayors have succeeded Mr. Tichenor, all of whom 
may be classed among the " Builders of the Oranges." These were: David N. Ropes, 1864-65 ; Edward 
H. Ensign, 1866-67; George J. Ferry, 186S-70; Edward Austen, 1871-73; Henry B. Wiggin, 1874; 
Henry W. Egner, 1875-77; George H. Hartford, 1.S78-84; Henry H.Truman, iSgo-92; Lawrence T. 
P^ell, 1893-94. and John Gill, the present incumbent. The record of David N. Ropes, who served from 
1864 to 1865, will be found under a separate head. Edward II. Ensign, a democrat, nominated by both 
parties, served from 1866 to 1S67. 

Geokce J. Fekkv. The administration of Mr. Ferry, the fifth mayor of Orange, covered two 
terms — from 186S to 1S70, inclusive. He received the unanimous support of both parties and was 
elected without opposition. Referring to his nomination for a second term, the Chrpiiicle said : "The 
unanimous choice of George J. Ferry to .serve again in the mayoralty is an instance of good, sound 
sense. No better selection could be made." The new charter, recently enacted by the Legislature, 
went into effect in March of that year. Referring to this. Mayor Ferry said in his message : " Let me 
remind you that greater powers conferred bring increased responsibilities. Oflficers heretofore elected 
by the people are now to be appointed by you. Upon your judicious selection depends the faithful 
management and care of the finances, the peace and good order of the town, and the proper observance of 
the law." The introduction of the Telford .system of roads was begun during his administration. Of this 
he says: " Good roads will not only conduce to the comfort, but the healthfulness ol the town. I go 
further and say it will not only contribute to the physical improvement, but to the moral elevation of 
the people." It is noteworthy that the name of Ferry is from the French Ferrc, meaning the constructor 
of a stone road. The Board of Education and a well-organized Fire Department were both established 
under the administration of Mayor Ferry. A tablet placed on the first building erected for the use of 
the Fire Department has inscribed on it: "George J. Ferry, Mayor." 

George J. Ferry was born in Bethel, Conn., November 28, 1830. He came to Orange in 1865. 
Previous to this he had been for many years identified with the Methodist church, also with religious and 
benevolent works of various kinds. The organization of the Calvary M. E. Church of East Orange 



2oS The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

was largely due to his efforts and he was a generous contributor to the beautiful new church edifice. 
He was noted for his great liberality, and churches, schools and every kind of benevolent organization 
received his earnest support during his long residence in Essex County. 

Edward Austkn succeeded Mr. Ferry and was the unanimous choice of both parties. He served 
three terms— 1871-2-3. He was a man of good administrative ability and enjoyed the confidence of 
the people. In his annual message he laid great stress upon the matter of drainage and water supply, 
recommending immediate action as a wise sanitary measure. The entire bonded indebtedness of the 
city at this time was only $175,000. 

HiiNUY B. WiGGiN, a democrat, succeeded Mr. Austen, receiving the nomination of both parties 
in 1874. He was a New York business man but had been educated as a Baptist minister. His adminis- 
tration was satisfactory to the people. 

Henry VV. Egner, his successor, served two terms— 1S75-77. Referring to his nomination for a 
second term, the Or()/nV/ir says: "There has been little in his administration to criticise and many 
things to commend. He was the only candidate nominated in 1876." 

Geok';k 1Iunti\(;toN Harti-'oud. ninth mayor of Orange, 1878 to 1889, inclusive. The record of 
George H. Hartford as mayor of the city of Orange will stand for all time as one of the cleanest and 
purest of that of any official who has ever filled a similar position in the State of New Jersey. His 
record shows tiiat he was absolutely sans pcur it suits rcproclie. He was elected as a democrat, but he 
dischargeil his duties as the servant of the people, to whom he recognized his accountability. In the 
spring of 1878 the managers of the Democratic Convention in Orange were looking for an available 
candidate. .Mr. Hartford had never taken any part in politics, and was known to them simply as a 
democrat and successful manager of one of the largest business corporations in the country. He was 
waited upon by a committee from the convention then in session and tendered the mayoralty nomina- 
tion. He at first declined the honor, but when pressed to accept and reminded that he owed a duty to 
his fellow-citizens as well as to his party, he waived all personal considerations and placed hmisclf in 
the hands of his friends. He was elected by a large majority and re-elected annually for a period of 
twelve years, nine }ears of this time without any opposing candidate. He did not enter upon his 
duties as a great reformer, but accepted tlie condition of affairs and aimed at effecting a clean administra- 
tion by preventing irregularities or abuses of power rather than by radical changes or by testing 
experimental theories. He relied on his veto to defeat any questionable measure rather than on his 
power to effect great reforms. He was progressive, but never aggressive. Wisdom, tact and foresight 
characterized all his acts. With his associates in the Common Council he was kind, courteous, affable, 
but yfrw. A man of sterling honesty and incorruptible integrity, he would never sanction any measure 
that would not stand the most rigid investigation. 

It is a noteworthy fact that witli the beginning of his administration, specie payment was resumed 
by the nation after a lapse of seventeen years, and during the whole of Mr. Hartford's administration 
the city of Orange enjoyed a remarkable degree of financial prosperity, and property steadily advanced 
during this entire period. The two most important measures adopted, of which he was an earnest 
advocate and to which he gave his official signature, were the present system of water supply and the 
substitution of electricity for gas for lighting the city. The subject of water supply had been a matter 
of discussion for many years and various projects had been submitted to the Common Council. Mr. 
Hartford made a careful investigation of each and finally recommended the adoption of the present 
system. The system of lighting the city by gas was found to be entirely inadequate to meet the wants 
of the increasing population, and many of the outlying districts were very poorly lighted. The gas 
companies were unable or unwilling to extend their facilities to meet the increasing demands. Mr. 
Hartford, therefore, induced the organization of a local electric company in which he had no personal 
interest, and the work was immediately begun and carried forward with considerable industry, and 
Orange is now one of the best lighted cities in the State of New Jersev. The system of public schools 
and the cause of education found in Mr. Hartford a warm advocate and, with due regard to economy, 




GEORGE H. HARTFORD. 



TiiK Founders and Bl-ildkks of the Oranges. 209 

every necessary and important improvement received not only lu9 official sanction, but as far as consist- 
ent with his position, his earnest support. When, in 1890, Mr. Hartford received for the thirteenth 
time the nomination, the Orange Clironicle (non-partisan) said : " It is hardly possible for the republican 
nominee to defeat him, even admitting that the democratic party is divided." New influences, however, 
were at work and these, together with the divisions in the democratic ranks, caused his defeat, much to 
the regret of the better class of citizens who care more for the honest administration of affairs than 
for party success. 

Mr. Hartford was born in Augusta, Maine, September 5, 1833. His grandfatlier, Daniel Hartford, 
a native of England, had emigrated the latter part of the eighteenth century to New Market, N. il., 
and afterwards settled in Augusta, where Mr. Ilartfortl's father, J. Hrackett I lartford, was also born. 
The Hartford family (whose origin is indicated by the /Jrw.v—" Azure, three chevrons between as many 
harts' heads caboosed or. Crcsl — A parrot's head gules, between two wings vert."), were landed 
proprietors in the counties of Kent, Bedfordshire and Clieshire. Mr. Hartford's mother, Martha M. 
Soren, was the daughter of John Johnston Soren, of Hostun, and was born in London, England, in 1799, 
while her parents were on a visit to that country. Mr. Hartford was educated in the public and private 
schools in y\ugusta. His Inst practical business training was received in a dry goods house in Boston, 
where he remained for several years. From Boston he went to St. Louis, where he was in the leather 
business for two years. He returned to the East and in i860 came to New York where he engaged in 
the tea business, antl in 1869 became connected with the Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Co., and for 
twenty-se\en years has been actively engaged in directing the affairs of that Company. Mr. Hartford 
moved to Orange in 1866 and in 1870 bought a handsome residence on Ridge Street, where he has since 
resided. Mr. Hartford married Josephine Ludlum, daughter of David Sweeney Ludlum, of Goshen, 
N. V. William Ludlum, the ancestor, was one of the twenty-four persons who, in 1721, made a 
con\eyance to John Everitt and Samuel Clows of one-sixth part of all the lands contained in the 
village plot of what is now Goshen, that being a part of the Wawayanda Patent. William Ludlum 
was one of the original settlers of the present village of Goshen. The children of George H. and 
Josephine (l^udlum) Hartford are George L., Minnie, Edward V., John A. and Marie Louise. 

Henkv H. Trum.'VN, who served from i8go to 1892, was nominated by the republican party as an 
oppositicin canditlate ancl elected. This was the first time that i)<)Iitics had exercised any important 
influence in the election of mayor. New issues had arisen, however, and a strong feeling was mani- 
festeil between the two parties. The sj'stem of drainage and sewerage, involving a large outlay of 
money by the city, had become an inipoitant issue and there was a division of opinion as to the best 
means to accomplish the ends. Referring to this matter in his message, Maj-or Truman said: "I 
would suggest that you appoint a special committee, composed of members of the council, whose duty 
it shall be to appear before the Legislature to inge its passage by the Senate and to instruct your 
senator and assemblyman to take such measures as will facilitate the passage of the bill." He 
recommends that great care be taken in awarding the contracts " in order that no criticism may arise 
that the work has been unfairly or improperly awarded." He reminds the council that "while it is 
desirable to promote such undertakings as will benefit the cityat-large, it will be well to be moderate in 
outlays." Mayor Truman aimed to carry forward the various improvements which were then being 
made, to the best of his ability. The democratic party, however, believing they could improve on his 
methods, elected their candidate to succeed him. Mr. Truman is a native of Greenwich, Conn., born 
there in 1S47. "c came to Orange in 1885 and built a house on the corner of Lincoln and Highland 
Avenues. He has been active in religious work and especially that of the Y. NL C. A., in Orange 
Valley. He is Senior Warden of St. Andrew's Episcopal Church, at Montrose Park. He is a member 
of the New England Society, of Orange, and of the various clubs and local organizations. 

Lawrencio T. Fem,, a life-long democrat, succeeded Mr. Truman. He continued the work begun 
under the adniini^tratii>n of his predecessor, which he pushed forward with great vigor and earnestness. 
He was naturally interested in every improvement which was being made, for he had grown up with the 



210 Thk Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

town and knew its needs from his chiUlhootl up. He was born in East Orange in 1845 'i'^'' received his 
education at tlie inibUc school. At the breaking out of the Ci\il War he enhsted in the navy and 
served until the close of the war. After his return he engaged in the hatting trade for some j-ears. 
He was made factory inspector for the State in 1887, under a new law recently enacted. He has been 
an active worker in the democratic party, for many years serving as a member of the Count)- Committee 
and in other positions. He was sent as a delegate to the National Convention that nominated Gen. 
Hancock for President. 

Hon. John Gn.l., twelfth ma\-or of Orange, 1894-1896, was nominated b\- the republicans in 1895, 
and led his party to victory. He has just entered upon his second term, having been re-elected in the 
spring of 1896. Since the incorporation of Orange as a town, January 31, i860, its affairs have never 
been administered in a more business-like or satisfactory manner than during the past two \ears ending 
April, 1896. Mayor Gill, although the nominee of the republican party, has won the respect of his 
fellow-citizens by his fearless, impartial and conscientious discharge of the duties of his office. The 
ancestors of Ma\'or Gill were among the founders <if the Republic and were notetl for their strong 
sense of justice, their loyalty to the mother government during the colonial period, and their intense 
patriotism during the W'ar of the Revolution. The history of the Gill or Gyll family is easily traced to 
the tenth century. " The name of Gill," says Campen in his Brititniiia, " means valley, and has been 
variously spelled according to the tluctuations of orthography in different ages." Ellis, in his Domesday- 
Book, shows that a family of this name held lands in Yorkshire, England, antecedent to the Norman 
invasion. The barony and property of Gille's land, in Cumberland, prior to the Conquest, belonged to 
Bueth Gille, and was confiscated by William the Conqueror, who granted them to Hubert, one of his 
followers. Hubert assumed the name of the original proprietor and st\led himself De \'aux, which is 
the French for vallej- and is s3'nonymous with Gill. The motto borne on the family Arms was I'tr/u/is 
gloria liter ces. 

John Gill, who was of Salisbury, Mass., in 1638, is the founder of the Stoughton or Cantor branch 
of the (jill family. He married, May 3, 1645, I'hebe, daughter of Isaac Buswell, and had issue, Eliza- 
beth, born January 8, 1646; John, born October 10, 1647; Phebe, born January 6, 1650; Samuel, born 
January 5, 1652; Sarah, born June 27, 1654; Moses, ho\\\ December 26, 1656; IJenjamin, Isaac. 

Moses Gill (i), son of John and Phebe (Buswell) Gill, was born December 26, 1656. He took the 
oath of fidelity with his brother Samuel, March 25, 1678. He was one of the original settlers of 
Stoughton, now known as Canton, Mass. He received his lease from the Indians, March 23, 1705. He 
died before 17 16. He married Sarah, daughter of Isaac and Mary Estey, of Topsfield. Mass. Mary 
Estey was one of tlie victims of the "Salem Witchcraft," who was brutally tortured to death, yet 
refused to plead guiltw The children of Moses and Sarah (Estey) Gill were Moses and Benjamin and 
his two daughters. 

Moses Gill (2), son of Moses (1) and Sarah (Estey) Gill, was born about 1699. He was the first 
representative to the Genera! Court (incorporated 1726), in 1731-33. ^^"'^' again in 1737. Hi- was 
afterwards Lieutenant-Governor and Go\-ernor of Massachusetts. He liatl no children of his ow n, l)ut 
adopted a son of his brother. 

Benjamin Gill, brother of Governor Moses Gill, and youngest son of Moses and Sarah (Estey) Gill, 
was born about 1701. He married, first, Abigail Fales ; second, Abigail P'isher. By the second marriage 
he had a son, Benjamin, born June 2, 1730. 

Col. Benjamin Gill, son of Benjamin and Abigail (Fisher) Gill, was born in Cantcui, June 2, 1730, 
died April 23, 1807. He married, January 9, 1752, Bethia Wentworth, born June 23, 1732. She died 
March 22, 1817. He was actively engaged in all matters pertaining to the welfare of the town and 
church; was deacon 1768, selectman 1776, and also represented the town in the General Court. He 
was Lieutenant of Militia, 1766; Captain, 1773; in November, 1774, was elected Lieutenant-Colonel of 
Leonard Robinson's regiment, and in 1775 was elected Colonel, the highest military rank in the town. 
He was present wath his regiment at the Battle of Bcmis Heights and surrender of Burgoyne, and on 



The Founders and Rith.pkrs of TirE Oranges. 



21 1 



his return home gave a grand dinner at liis house to the officers of his regiment, the |)rincipal men of 
the town being among the invited guests. He had issue Elijah, born 1752; Rebecca, born 1755; 
Hethuah, born 1758; Benjamin, born 1760; Sarah, born 1762; Catharine, born 1764: Sarah, born 1767: 
Polly, born 1769; John, born March, 1772. 

John Gill (1). son of Col. Benjamin and Bethia (Wentworth) Gill, was born March, 1772, at Canton, 
Mass., died April 19, 1816. Married Mary Wilkington and had among other children, sons. Ir,i. 
Howard, Nathan, Charles. 

Ira Gill, son of John and Mary (, Wilkington) Gill, was born in Canton. Mass.. in 1799. He 
removed at an early age to VValpole, a sub-division of the old town of Deilham, Mass., where he learned 
the trade of hat ni.ikin-. lie began the manufacture of fur-napped hats in 1823, and changed, later, to 
fur felt. He was the successor of Rand & Hooper and in 1804 was the oldest living manufacturer in 
the town and his firm was the second largest manufacturer of hats in the country. He was the inventor 
of the hat-fnrniing machine which bears his name, and i)\- this means largely increased the production 
and facilitated the manufacture of fur hats. He was a man of large and liberal ideas and probably did 
more to advance the hat industry than any man of his period. He married Caroline, daughter of Uriah 
Billings, of Walpole, Mass , and had among other children, a son John. 

John Gii.L, son of Ira and Caroline (Billings) Gill, was born in 
Walpole, Mass., November 28, 1835. He attended the public and 
private schools of his native town and was prepared for college at 
the well-known " Allen " school. Instead of entering upon a collegiate 
course he decided to go into business, and on attaining his majority 
became associated with his father in the manufacture of hats and 
later, in hat-forming. Mr. Gill came to Orange in i?72 and with 
his brother established the hat-forming shop on Lumber Street, now 
Esse.x Avenue, under the firm name of J. & G. H. Gill. His brother 
retired in 1892 ; the firm has since continued under the name of John 
Gill. Mr. Gill has been prominent in the public affairs of Orange 
fur nearly twenty years. He served ten years on the Board of 
Education and filled an unexpired term as president, and repre- 
sented his district in the State Legislature four terms— 1S79 -80, '■''83. 
188S. He received the republican nomination for mayor of the city 
of Orange in the spring of 1S94, beating his democratic opponent by 
Soo votes, representing a gain of I 200, the city usually going demo- 
cratic by a majority 
of about 400. The Orange Journal, in reviewing 
Mr. Gill's public career, says: "As a school com- 
missioner he was indefatigable in his efforts to 
improve the schools of the city, and made one of 
the best members who e\er sat in the board. As 
assemblyman, Mr. Gill ser\ed the district he repre- 
sented with conspicuous ability and constant fidelity; 
no member of the Esse.x County delegation stood 
higher than he tlid. He also gave much labor and 
thought to the introduction of the water supply of 
this city as one of the water commissioners, and 
the economical w-.iy in which that great public im- 
provement was made — the work having been done 
well within the estimate— contrasts strongly with 
the introduction of the sewer system which cost 




HON. JOHN 1:11.1., MAYOR OF OHANCE. 




RESIDENCE OF MAYOR GILL, ORANC.K. 



212 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

nearh' twice the original estimate. Mr. Gill is, therefore, eminenth- fitted for the ofifice to which he has 
been nominated. His long residence and successful business career in this city, his experience in the 
Board of Education and his legislative experience fit him admirably to discharge the duties of Mayor in a 
way to conserve the highest welfare of the city." It is also further stated that "he assumed the duties 
of ofifice perfectly free and untrammeled by pledge or promise," that "he is a man of indepentlcnt 
views who does his own thinking." 

Mr. Gill is a member and trustee of the old First Presbyterian Church, of Orange, and is also a 
member of Union Lodge, F. & A. M., and Orange Chapter, R. A. M. He married Ellen Metcalf, daughter 
of David Metcalf, of Wrentham, Mass., a descendant of Michael Metcalf, the emigrant ancestor, born 
in Tallcrford, County of Norfolk, England, 15S6, who was admitted a townsman at Dedham, Mass., 
July 14, 1637, joined the church 1639, selectman 1641. llis name is first on the committee chosen to 
" contrive the fabricke of a meeting house." The issue of the marriage is three children. Two of these 
— Emlyn Metcalf and George Metcalf — are the founders of the Gill Engraving Co. Rev. Charles Gill, 
the third son, is a graduate of Yale and is now a missionary to China. 

Thk Citv Clerks have been : Charles J. Harrison, 1860-62 ; Ira Canfield, Jr., 1863 ; Mark A. Ward, 
1864-65, 1867; Caleb 1'. Williams, 1866-69; W. Wallace Snyder, 1870; Horace Stetson, 1871 to 1894; 
Alpheus Struble, 1895-96. 

INDUSTRIES. 

The local inilustries have been an important feature and have added materially to the wealth of 
Orange for more than a hundred years. When the first settlers took up their land near the mountain 
they found it heavily wooded with oak, ash, hemlock and other trees, which, instead of being used for fire- 
wood, formed the basis of the several early industries which were carried on in connection with farming. 
The oak ami ash were used for cooperage purposes, aiul the manuf.icture of staves and headings proved 
a source of revenue to the farmers for many years while clearing their land. These stax'es and headings 
were manufactured into sugar and molasses hogsheads and shipped to the West Indies and other parts 
of the civilized world. This continued until the introduction of saw mills, but up to within a <|uarter 
of a century a large local trade was carried on in the manufacture of cider barrels for use in the ship- 
ment of the large quantities of cider for which Orange was at one time famous. 

Tanneries .and Shoemaking. The construction of the first led to the establishment of the 
second. While the land was being cleared it was discovered that there was an abundant supply of 
hemlock trees which could be utilized for tanning, and a number of tanneries were established at an 
early period. This led to the irianufacturc of shoes, and thc;se two industries went hand in hand for 
many years until the woods were stripped of their timber. One of the largest tanneries was that of 
Matthew Williams, who carried on the business successfully for a number of years. Large quantities of 
oak bark were exported during this period. The tanneries were gi\'en up soon after the hemlock and 
oak bark had become scarce. There were two or three small tanneries farther down the valley, along 
the banks of the upper Rahway River, which, like the others, succumbed to the necessities of the time. 

Boots .\ND Shoes. The manufacture of boots and shoes in Orange began soon after the Revolu- 
tion and was the natural outgiowth of the tanneries, which ])r()\ided the raw material; they continueti 
to e.xist, however, long after the tanneries disappeared. The " manufactories " were primitive affairs and 
consisted of a number of small shops, the proprietors of which emplo}-ed a few journeymen and apprentices. 
The goods were transported to New York and I'hilailelphia. packed in hogsheads and bags. A number 
of small manufacturers had their sho[)s on their own premises and some of these, who were afterwartls 
"well-to-do," were accustomed to make up a small stock of shoes, which they packed in a sack thrown 
across their back, tramping all the wa\' to New York, where they disposed of their stock and returned 
the same day. A brisk trade was done during the War of 1812 15 in the manufacture of army shoes. 
The goods at this time were generally coarse, but as the demand increased for a finer class of goods, 
these were produced in large quantities and an extensive trade with the West and South was carried on 



The Founders and IJuii.ukr.s ok the Oranges. J13 

for a number of years. The panic of '57 crii)i)leil a number ..f the manufacturers and they were oblit,'ed 
to suspend. The breaking out of the Civil War proved a serious loss to those who had been doing 
business in the Southern States. The manufacture of army shoes gave quite an impetus to the trade 
until the close of the war. After this the lan^'e manufacturers of the East, with their improved 
machinery and other facilities, drew the trade from this and other small towns. The business became 
uii[)rofitable aiul tlu- few rem. lining ones removed elsewhere. 

Manufacture ok Hats. This industry, which began in Orange over one hundred years ago, has 
completely overshadowed all others and Orange has become one of the great hat manufacturing centres 
of the country. The quality of the materials used and the finished production are second to none, either 
in this country or in Europe. Other industries which, in their time, contributed naturally to the growth 
of the Oranges, have come and gone, while the hat industry has steadily increased and grown apace 
with the constantly increasing demands of the country. To what extent it has added to the wealth of 
the Oranges can only be estimated by comparing the past with the present. It is probable that the 
manufacture of hats began in Newark shortly after the close of the Revolution. In 1S30 it was one of 
the leading industries of the town, there being at that time in Newark nine hat factories, with a capital 
of Sio6,ooo, employing 487 hands, paying in wages $142,000. the annual product amounting to $55 './OO. 

Those wdio first began the manufacture of hats within the present limits of the Oranges probably 
learned their trade of the Newark manufacturers. James Condit is said to have been the ])ioneer 
manufacturer of fur hats in what is now the city of Orange. He began in a small way about 1785 or 
1790. His shop was in Centre Street, over Parrow Brook. He was succeeded by a man named Haslet. 
Cyrus Jones, of East Orange, who served a seven years' apprenticeship with Joseph Hanks, of Newark, 
began the manufacture of hats on his own account about 1790, on the west side of Main Street, at the 
East Orange Junction. Condit and Jones were the leading manufacturers for some years. Israel 

Hedden, Lewis Williams, Griffin, Stci)hen Stetson, Albert Tichenor and John Stryker were among 

those engaged in the business more than half a centur\' ago. Tlie end of the sccontl half century 
shows a large increase in the amount of capital invested, the number of hands cmploj'cd and the annual 
production of goods. In 1854 there were 29 shops, employing 457 men as follows; N. Stetson, 40; 
P. J. Bodwell, 10; A. R. Tichenor, 30; Sheppard & Coppenger, 13; McChesney & Co., 27; Quinby & 
Northrop, 25 ; C. A. Lighthipe & Co., 21 ; John Matthews, 35 ; Van Houten & Williams, 19; George 

Oven, 10; Stokes, 30; George Harrison, 25 ; Aaron Lyon, 12; Jacob Kent, 4; Campbell, 

4; Piece Shop, 12; William Stone, 12; Quinby & Smith, 20 ; Jesse Williams, 10; Ambrose, Condit & 

Whitney, 30; Hathaway, 6; William Anderson, 6; J. M. Hogan, 18. In addition to these there 

were 50 or 60 " color men." There were also 225 females employed, included under the general head of 
trimming. The weekly output of these shops was 3,750 dozen hats, or 195,000 dozen per annum. 
The average price paid for the labor performed on each day was $3, or $585,000 per annum. 

Up to about 1850 fur hats in this locality were made entirely by hand. The introduction of 
machinery began with the Wells hat-forming machine, with the Taylor improvements, about 1846. One 
machine could do the work of about 30 or 40 men. It was first introduced here about 1850 and 
gradually forced the small firms out of business. 1 he Gill machine, patented by Ira Gill, of Walpole, 
Mass., (father of the present Mayor of Orange), in 1857, continuing in force with the renewal for twenty- 
fnur years, gradually supplanted the first invention It was radically different from the Wells machine 
in construction, method of operation and in the results accomplished, and yet the owners of the Wells 
patent claimed that it was an infringement on their machine, and years of litigation with the expenditure 
of immense sums of money was the result. The plan of the owners of the Wells machine was to 
monopolize the trade and limit the number of machines to 72 for all the manufacturers in Danbury, 
Conn., New York City, Philadelphia, Boston and the Oranges. Hundreds of the Gill m.achines are now 
in use, thirty-five being in constant use in the Oranges, with a capacity for producing one thousand 
dozen hats a day. Probably the best average production of the several firms engaged in the business 
in the Oranges was in 1892 3, and this is taken as a basis, as the great business depression throughout 



2r4 



Tur: Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



the country since tliat period has materially affected the out])ut here as well as elsewhere. The firms 
then engaged in the business in the Oranges (most of whom, with some slight changes, still continue) were : 
McChesney & P"ischer, Austin Drew & Co.. F. Berg & Co., Connett, Read & Co., Cummings. Matthews 
& Co . Puff & Youmans, McGall ]5rothers. No Name Hat Manufacturing Company, Porter, Crofut & 
Hodgkinson, William Clorer, John J. Perine, C. B. Rutan & Co., James Young & Son, Harrop, Gist & 
Co., Henry Smith & Son, Thomas Walker, Crowe, Quinlan & Moore, August Brandies, Brennan & Carr, 
John Otterbein, Edwin B. Whiting. The number of regular firms engaged in the manufacture of hats 
is 21. This does not include what are known as the "buckeye" shops — of which there are a number 
over the mountain, in West Orange and elsewhere - where liats are simply sized for the regular 
shops. The approximate value of the several plants is §1,091,575; the number of hands employed, 
3,722; annual production, taking that of 1892-3 as a basis, 397,850 dozen, or a total of 4,774,200 hats, 
with a total valuation of $4,849,940. 

BANKS. 

Orange National Bank. There is probably no town or city in the State of New Jersey better 
provided with banking facilities at the present time than the city of Orange. Previous to tlie twenties, 
the people were wholK- dependent on Newark. The first movement to organize a bank in Orange took 
shape in 1826 when "An Act to incorporate the Orange Bank, in the County of Essex," was passed by 
the Legislature on February 26. No definite action was taken, however, for the next two years. On 
April 12, 1828, a meeting for organization was held at the house of Daniel Kilburn and an organization 
effected by the election of the following directors: Stephen D. Day, Joel Harrison, John Dean. Daniel 
Smith, Allen Dodd, Zenas S. Crane, James Camp. William Picrson, Jr. (father of the present Dr. Pierson), 
John M. Lindsley, Stephen Condit and Jeptha Baldwin. At this meeting Stephen D. Day was elected 
President; William Munii was chosen cashier and continued in office until his death, in 1846. The 
first instalment of the capital stock was called in which, by the act of incorporation, was fixed at 

!?100,000. On April 28, 1828, it was resolved that the first 
instalment of $10,000 be deposited in the Newark banks, 
$5,000 in each. The house of Ephraim Perry, on Main Street, 
later known as the house of A. H. Freeman, was leased and 
business conducted there for the first year. In March, 1829, 
a lot was purchased from Julin M. Lindsley, 60 x lOO feet in 
size, the present site of the bank. The price paid was $300, 
or §5 per front foot, the present value of which is about 
§350 per front foot. A brick building was erected on the lot, 
at a cost of $4,187.42. A supplement to the act of incorpora- 
tion was passed by the Legislature, March lO, 1836, increasing 
the capital stock of the bank to $300,000. On May 6, 1865, 
the bank was reorganized as a National bank, the capital being 
fixed at $200,000. 

Ste[)hen 1). Da_\- cniitinued as President until October I, 

1852, when he resigned on account of the feebleness of age. 

He was succeeded by Dr. Daniel liabbit, who continued until 

January 8, 1862, when he resigned and Charles A. Lighthipe was 

elected to succeed him. He continued as its President for 

twenty-three years, resigning January 13, 1885, and Thomas 

J. Smith, for many years cashier, was elected in his place. 

He resigned October 27, 1893. and the position has since been filled by Charles M. Decker, one 

of the most successful business men in the State of New Jersey. Charles G. Rockwood succeeded 

William Munn as cashier in 1846, followed by William H. Vcrmilye, from 1S49 to 1S69. Thomas 







OKANGK NATIONAL BANK. 



Thk Founders and Hun.Dr.ks of the OFiAXCES. 215 

J. Sniitli was cashier from tliis time forward until lie was elected President, when his brother, 
J. Warren Smith, the present casliier. was elected in his [jlace. The jiresent Hoard of Directors of the 
bank consists of John L. Hiake, Cliarles M. Decker, Abijah K. Tiliou, Ciiarles Williams, William 
Pierson, Geort,'e Spoltiswoode and J. Warren Smith. On January ro, 1S94, Dr. William Pierson was 
elected Vice-President, he being the fir.-.t ever elected to that position. The old bank building which 
had served its purpose for sixty years, was found be be inadequate to meet the demand for increased 
space and more modern conveniences. Plans for a new building were adopted in the spring of 1890 and 
work was soon after begun. The building was completed and occupied by the bank, February 23, 1892. 
The exterior of the building is of Indiana stone, four stories in height. The interior arrangements are 
very fine. The floors are tiled, Mexican onyx partition bases, plate glass and nickel fittings, etc. The 
upper stories are rented for ofifices and are provided with everj' modern convenience, including elevator, 
etc. This is said to be one of the finest bank buildings in the State. The total cost was about Sico,0OO. 

Second National Bank. This bank was organized in January, i8g2, under the general banking 
laws of the United States, the capital stock being fixed at $100,000. The incorporators were: Charles 
A. Lindslej', R. A. Everitt, John C. Conover, Charles H. El_\-, George Lethbridge, Fred Berg. Jr., Edgar 
M. Taylor, Thomas M. Cusack, Ambrose M. Matthews. The first meeting for the election of officers 
and directors was held at the office of S. & C. A. Lindsley, 25 Cone Street, on the evening of Januarj- 
20, 1892. The following gentlemen were elected directors: A. M. Matthews, John C. Conover, 
Edwartl A. Everitt, Edgar M. Taylor, George l.ctlibi idge, Fred Berg, Jr.. Charles H. Ely, Thomas A. 
Cusack and Charles A Lindslej'. At a subsequent meeting, Mr. Lethbridge resigned and Dr. J. W. 
Stickler was elected to fill the vacancy. Ambrose M. Matthews was elected President; Edward A. 
E\eritt, \'ice-President, and Charles A. Lindsley, Secretary. Charles H. Ely received the api)ointment 
of cashier and E. O. Thompson, book-keeper. Mr. Ely held for a time the dual position of cashier and 
teller. W. S. Grinsted is the present teller. The present directors (1S96) are: A. M. Matthews, J. C. 
Cono\er, T. ^L Cusack, C. H. El)-, II. I). Williams, II. L. Pierson, Watson Whittlesey, Amos W. 
Harrison, C. A. Lindsley. On the first of July, 1896, after a dividend, the bank liad a surplus of 
$20,000 and undivided profits, $2,500. Ambrose M. Matthews still holds the position of President. 

Orange Savings Bank. It is more than forty years since this bank was organized and it is now 
one of the strongest institutions of its kind in the State. It has always been under the management 
of the best class of men in the community and has been a great helj) to the workingmen as an incent- 
ive to save their money and establish homes for themselves. The bank was incorporated March 21, 
1854, the following incorporators constituting the first Board of Managers: Daniel Babbitt, Samuel 
Hurlbert, Philander J. Bodwell. Charles R. Day, Simeon Harrison, Cj'rus Baldwin, Charles H. Bell, 
Moses B. Canfielil, William Cleveland, Abraham Mandeville, Moses Reynolds, William H. Vermilye, 
Abiath.ir Harrison, Charles Williams, Samuel Smith, Jesse Williams, Joseph A. Condit, William Pierson, 
Jr., George Lindsley, Isaac J. Everitt, William M. Babbit, Andrew Britton, Abraham C. Ta_\-lor, 
Napoleon Stetson, William L. Wells and Charles A. Lighthipe, of the township of Orange ; and Andrew 
Teed, of the township of Li\'ingston ; Jonathan Provost, of Caldwell; Jonathan Squiers, of the town- 
ship of Clinton 1 which then includeil South Orange), and Albert Traphagen, of the townshij) of Spring- 
field. The first officers were: Daniel Babbitt, President; Charles 11. Bell, Vice-President; Cjtus 
Baldwin, Secretary : William II. X'ermilye, Treasurer. Mr. Babbitt held the office from 185410 1861, 
and was succeeded by William Cleveland, who helil the position until his death, when the present 
Mayor, John Gill, was elected to fill the vacancy. P'our of the original managers are still living though 
not connected with the bank. These are: Charles Williams, Napoleon Stetson, Charles A. Lighthipe, 
Albert D. Traphagen. William Green (still living, 1896) made the first deposit in the bank, the amount 
being ijiio. 

Many of the officers of the Orange Bank were managers of the Savings Bank and for the first ten 
years the latter occupied the Orange Bank building and then removed to the present quarters on the 
corner of Main and Cone Streets. The dividends have fluctuated at different periods during the past 



2i6 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

forty years. In 1856 a di\'idciul of six per cent, was declared; in 1S64, seven percent.; in 1S65, tliree 
percent.; in 1869, seven per cent, free of governinent ta.\. F"or some time past it lias not exceeded 
three per cent. The present officers of the bank are : President, John Gill ; Vice-President, Peter 
Gerbert ; Treasurer, George Kingsley; Secretary, William A. Bode. The managers are: John Gill, 
Peter Gerber, A. M. Matthews. John O'Rourke. S. T. Smith, Horton D. Williams, E. A. Everitt, John 
N. Lindsley. The last annual report, made January, 1896, shows the assets of the bank, S', 181,1 59.23 ; 
liabilities, $1,036,087.66; surplus, §145,071.57. Over one-half the assets are invested in bond and 
mortgage. 

Half-Dime Savings Bank. This institution has successfully passed its twenty-sixth year. It was 
incorporated May i, 1870, by Michael Mohor, John L. Blake, John Otterbein, James Sheridan, Henry 
A. Howe, James Brody, James P. Benton, Leander Williams, Thomas J. Smith, John S. Haley, Samuel 
W. Baldwin, Jabez P. Condit, William N. Williams, Edward D. Pierson, A. M. Condit, Lewis F.Taylor, 
David Dodd, A. M. Matthews, Zenas Trabold, Thomas G. Barber, Ross C. Browning, James F. Wilson, 
William M. Kent, George Spottiswoode, Isaac L. Van Orden, James Peck, David S. Beach, Thomas P. 
Barges, Jared B. Porter, Amzi S. Dodd, Charles W. Banta. John L. Blake was the first President of 
the institution, succeeded by Edward D. Pierson, and next by Wilberforce Freeman. James Peck was 
the first Vice-President, Jared E. Porter the first Secretary, and Edward D. Pierson the first Treasurer. 
The assets, according to the annual report made to the Secretary of State, January i, 1896. were 
§851,582.43; liabilities, §741,543 13; net surplus, §110,039.30. The institution is located in the new 
National Bank building. The following are tlie present officers and managers of the bank: Oiificers. — 
President, Wilberforce Freeman; Vice-President, George Spottiswoode; Treasurer, Horace Stetson; 
Secretary, Frederick Egncr. Managers. — Thomas G. Barber, Jabez P. Condit, Wilberforce Freeman, 
William Read Howe, Frederick Jenkins, George Spottiswoode, Thomas J. Smith, Horace Stetson, 
Frederick H. Williams, William N. Williams. 

EDUCATIONAL. 

The earl)- settlers of Newark, though many of them could neither read nor write, were men of 
enterprise, virtue and more than nnlinary intelligence, and they appreciated the importance of having 
their children properly educateil. After purchasing their land, building their habitations, establishing 
their local government, erecting their church, and constructing their mill, they next gave their attention 
to the education of their children. On November i, 1676, at a town meeting composed of the free- 
holders of Newark, numbering at that time seventy-five persons, the following action was taken : 
"//(•///. — The Town's Men have Liberty to see if they can find a competent number of schollars and 
aconimodations for a School Master in this town." The "Town's Men," seven in nvimber, took prompt 
action to secure a schoolmaster, as appears from the following record, February 7, 1677: " Itctn. — The 
Town hath consented that the Town's Men should perfect the Bargain with the School Master for this 
year, upon condition that he will come for this year, and do his faithful, honest and true Endea\-or. to 
teach the Children or servants of those who have subscribed, the reading and writing of English, and 
also of Arithmetick if they desire it ; as much as they are capable to learn as he is capable to teach 
them, within the Compass of this year, no wise hindering, but that he may make what bargain he j)lease 
with those as have not subscribed. It is voted that the Town's Men have Liberty to complete the 
Bargain with the School Master, they knowing the Town's Mmd." The first schoolmaster was John 
Catlin or Cathlin, one of the early settlers from Branfoul, who also held the office of town attorney 
and other positions. 

The Genera! Assembly of the Province, in October, 1693, enacted the following: "An Act for 
Establishing School Masters within this Province. Whereas, the cultivating and learning of good 
Manners tends greatly to the good and benefit of Mankind, which have hitherto been much neglected 
within this Province. Be it therefore enacted by the Governor, Council and Deputies in General Assembly 
now met and assembled, and by the Authority of the .same, that the Inhabitants of any Town within this 



Thk Foundf.ks and Huii.ders of the Orangf.s. 217 

Province, shall and may by Warrant from a Justice of the I'cace of that County where they think fit 
and convenient, meet together and make choice of three more men of tiie said Town, to make a rate 
for the salar\- ami maintaining of a School Master within the said Town, for so long a time as they 
think fit ; and the consent and agreement of the Major part of the Inhabitants of the said Town, shall 
bind and oblige the remaining part of the Inhabitants of said Town to satisfy and [jay their shares and 
proportion of the said Rate; and in case of refusal or nonpayment, distress to be made upon tiie 
Goods ami Chattels of said i'erson or Persons so refusing or not paying, b)- the constable of said Town, 
by Virtue of a warrant from a Justice of the Peace of that County; and the distress so taken to be sold 
at ,1 i)ublic Vendue, and the overplus, if any be after the payment of the said rate and charges, to be 
rctuined to tiie Owner," 

This act was amended in F"ebruary, 169;. as follows : " Whereas, there was an act made Anno 
Doniine 1 693. for the establishing of Schools in each respective Town in this Province, and by experi- 
ence it is found inconvenient, by reason of the Distance of the Neighborhood, the said Act directing no 
suitable way whereby all the inhabitants may have the benefit theref>f ; He it therefore enacted by the 
Governor, Council and Reproscritatives, in General Assembly now met and assembled, and by Authority 
of the same, that three Men be chosen \'earl\- and every Year in each respective Town in this Province 
to appoint and agree with a School Master, and the three Men so chosen shall have power to nominate 
and appoint the most convenient place or places where the School shall be kept from time to time, that 
as near as may be the whole Inhabitants may have the benefit thereof." 

On the first of January, 1697, the town meeting chose a school committee consisting of Theophelus 
Pierson, Jasper Crane and Thomas Richards, who were authorized "to agree with a School Master to 
keep School in this Town for the Year, according to Act of Assembly." 

The First School-House. As appears by the records, thirt}--seven years elapsed before anj- 
attempt w.is made to build a school-house. It is probable that the school, during this period, was kept 
in the Meeting-house. At a town meeting held at Newark, September 28, 1714, "It was ordered by 
Vote, y' y* old floor in y<= Meeting-house Should be made use of for y*^ Making a floor in y<= School- 
house in the Middle of y"^ Town." 

State Legislation, Appointmknt of Committees. Etc. The first State legislation in behalf 
of public schools was on February ig, 1816, by which "the Legislature authorized and directed the 
treasurer of the State to in\cst in the public si.\ per cent, stock of the United States in the name of 
and for the use of this State, the sum of $[5,000." Other stocks were added to this in 1817, making an 
aggregate of §87,076.34. The first distribution of public funds was by enactment of February 24, 1829, 
which provided that the trustees of the school fund should appropriate annually from the proceeds 
thereof §20.000 for public schools. This was the first attempt at disbursement. Hitherto it had been 
all accumulation. The mone\- that had been gathering for thirteen years had reached a level from 
where it would be safe to distribute, and the trustees of the fund "are to divide this $20,000 among the 
fourteen counties in the ratio of State tax paid by the counties." The Chosen Freeholders of the 
several counties were directed to re-disburse to their several townships in the ratio of the county tax 
paid by the townships. Townships were required to elect annually school committees of three each, 
whose duty it was to divide the townships into convenient school districts, license teachers for the 
township, call district meetings of the taxable inhabitants only, and to divide the public money quarterly 
among the several districts according to the number of children between the ages of four and sixteen 
years. The district meetings were to determine how many months in the year a school should be kept, 
and the trustees were to provide a house or room for the school. 

By the act of February 16, 1831, the act of 1829 and supplement of 1830 were repealed and a 
new act substituted. By this act the sum of $30,000 was annually appropriated from the proceeds of 
the school fund, to be drawn on or before the first Monday in April. Authority to levy an annual 
school tax was continued to the townships, and they were empowered to assign all the State money to 
educate the "indigent poor" if they chose. The patrons, supporters or proprietors of common 



iiS The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

scliools ill the townships were directed to organize their several schools, if not already organized, by the 
appointment of any number of trustees. The trustees were to report to the township school com- 
mittee their organization; whereupon the committee was directed to recognize all such schools as being 
entitled to their proportion of the public money. The township school committees, upon the receipt 
of the annual reports of the several boards of Trustees, assigned the public money to each school in 
the ratio of the number of children taught, as reported to them during the preceeding j'ear. If the 
township had voted all the public money to the use of the poor, then the ratio of distribution was to 
be as to the number of "poor" children taught in each school. 

In March, 1838, there was a new enactment authorizing this 30,000 to be disbursed from the school 
fund annually on the usual basis. Township school committees were again empowered to divide town- 
.ships into convenient school districts, alter and change them as circumstances may require, and if 
advisable, form them from ]:)arts of two or more adjoining townships or counties. By the law of 1S46 
the annual sum of .S30,ooo was continued to be appropriated, but townships were required to raise a 
sum at least equal to the proportion of the State appropriation, but not to exceed double that sum. 
In 1836 the General Government found itself in possession of more money than it wanted, or would be 
likely to want. By Act of Congress, passed June 23 of that year, it distributed to the several States. 
as a loan without interest, more than $30,000,000 of this " surplus re\enue," as it was called. The sum 
appropriated to the State of New Jersey was $764,670.44. A supplement to the act of 1846, passed 
March 14, 1S57, provided for an annual disbursement of $40,000 of the proceeds of the school fund and 
$40,000 from the general treasury, making a sum almost equal to the entire school fund of a third of a 
century before. By an act of 1852, the "Trustees of the School Fund " were authorized to dispose of 
all that remained of the lands belonging to the State, at Paterson, by private or public sale, and invest 
the proceeds thereof in the school fund. By an act of 1867, the formation and re-formation of school 
districts was taken from the peojjle and placed in the hands of the County Superintendent. In iS7[ 
an act was passed assigning the proceeds from the sales and rentals of "land under water" to the 
school fund. From this source a large amount is realized annually. In the same year the Two-Mill 
Tax was enacted. This is an assessment of two mills on ever\- dollar of the assessed value of all taxable 
property in the State. From this source there was realized, in 1875, the sum of $1,237,578.57. It 
supercedes the township taxes heretofore required, provided the sum realized by this tax proves to be 
sufificient to maintain free schools in a given township nine months in the )'ear. " Sectarian schools " 
are specially denied any part of the two-mill tax. 

The First School at the Mountain. Dr. Wickes, in his " History of the Oranges," states that 
the first school-house built at the mountain was in 1729. "It was a framed building, about 20x30, 
with eight-feet posts, roofed with shingles and sided with boards, also ceiled with boards within. The 
chimney in the corner, built upon tlie timbers above, received the pipe from a cast iron box stove. The 
house occupied the triangle of ground formed by the intersection of the Swinelield Road with the 
Valley Road at the turn of the former toward the notch. * * * This .structure occupied its original 
site till near the middle of the present century, when it was moved a few feet to the south-west and 
within the east line of the Valley Road." 

Other Schools Estahlishki) and School-Houses Erected. A stone school-house was erected 
at Cranetcnvn about ten years later, and as the population of the several outlying districts increased, 
schools were established to meet the wants of each. There is no record of the names of the first 
school teacher who taught in this locality. The first attempt at "higher education" was by Rev. 
Caleb Smith, who opened a classical school in 1757, which he carried on successful!}- for about four 
years. The founding of the Orange Academy, in 1785, was another step in this direction. The matter 
was first introduced b\- Rev. Jedediah Chapman, for many years pastor of the First Presbyterian 
Church, anil was finally agreed upon at a public meeting held April 21. 17S5. A building site, one- 
tenth of an acre, was obtained of Matthew Condit, oti Main Street, " con\eyeil by deed, dul\- executed, 
unto tiie Rev. Jedediah Chapman, Col. John Condit and Henrj- Squier, to hold the same in trust, to be 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 219 

and remain a ])lacc for an Academy which shall be for the use of a public school for all the inhabitants 
of Orange in general." The money was raised by public subscription and a substantial twcjstory 
building of brick and stone was put up, in which a parochial school of high grade was soon in successful 
operation. Mr. Chapman's name uniformly headed the list of trustees, who were appointed annually. 
It enjoyed a high reputation, not only as an elementary but as a preparatory school for college, and 
distinguished men of this and other States pointed with [jride to this as their alma mater. The school 
continued in successful operation for more than half a century. The district schools, which were all 
"pay schools," steadily advanced and the numerous private schools which flourished during this period 
were liberally patronized. Few towns in the State of New Jersey ever enjoyed better educational 
advantages than tlid Orange uiuier the old regime. The cost of obtaining a classical education in those 
tiays was considerablj" less than the average cost of the public system at the present day. The prices 
charged by the Newark Academy in the early part of the present century were: "For instruction in 
the English language, writing, arithmetic and public speaking, two dollars per quarter of twelve weeks; 
geography, book-keeping, Latin, Greek and mathematics, S3. 25 ; French, by a native, one guinea. 
Public exhibitions by the speakers in those days were of frequent occurrence. Referring to public 
speaking in the Newark Academy, it is said that "our parish voted, in the year 1793, that the public 
exhibition of the academy may be held in the meeting-house." 

The Free School System. Application was made by the township of Bloomfield, in 1849, fo"" ^ 
special school law. It met with very strong resistance, but the free school law was enacted in 1849, 
amended in 1S50, and the tuition of ail children was henceforth paid by taxation. Section I of the 
amended act authorized the township to "raise by tax at the annual town meeting a sum not to e.xcecd 
$2,500 in any one ye.u. which money shall not be applied to the building of a school-house or school- 
houses.' Section 2 provides "that the amount authorized shall not in any one year exceed one-half 
the amount of ta.xes assessed the preceding year in said district for all purposes." Section 3 provides 
that "the town su[)erintendent. together with the township committee, shall be and are hereby author- 
ized to unite, divide and alter their school districts and change the bountlaries thereof whenever and as 
often as they may deem it necessary or expedient for the public benefit." This act was approved 
March 6, i860. 

The history of the free schools of Orange from 1850 to 1879, given below, forms a part of the very 
exhaustive History of Education in Orange, prepared bj' the late Hon. Alexander H. Freeman, for 
many years Superintendent of the Board of Education: "At the annual town meeting in 1851, 
Abraham Harrison was elected town superintendent for the fourth time, his services being closed by 
death in November of that year. The town then comprised eleven districts, requiring a fraction 
of South Orange to complete one of them — now Clinton township. The larger and more central 
districts availed themselves promptly of the new legislative privileges, wrote out anew and with 
more precision the certificates of their several boundaries in conjunction with the superintendent, and 
filing them with the county clerk, advanced at once to the dignity of corporations. The trustees of the 
academy district having, in the year 1845, obtained the legislative aid they desired, sold the lot and 
building to John M. l.indsley and purchased a part of the lot in Day Street on which the old frame 
school building lately stood, and now occupied by the tank of the Orange Gas Light Company, who 
bought the lot when the Park Avenue .school-house was built. A building three-fifths the width of the 
old frame school building was constructed in 1846-7 and was ready for occupancy early in 184S. The 
rear part of the lot (the whole being two hundred feet deep) was afterwards purchased of Stephen D. 
Day. The building, after being used for many years, was sold when the Park Avenue school house was 
built and became a tenement. 

The first district school tax under the law of 1S51 was levied at a meeting held in the old academy 
district, which had, under the statute, assumed the name of " Central ' in the spring of 1852. The levy 
was four dollars per child. The sum realized by the tax is not on record, but was judiciously applied by 
anticipation by the trustees in enlarging the building during the summer vacation of 1852. In 1858, at 



220 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

at a cost of $300, an addition of thirty feet was made to the scliool hit, \\hich completed its present 
dimensions, the money being raised by a district tax. January 31, i860, the State Legislature changed 
the legal standing of the township by raising it to the dignity of a town or borough corporation, placing 
its municipal government in the hands of a mayor and Common Council ; all tax levies to be fixed by 
the popular vote, as heretofore, and no change was to be made in public school administration. In 
1861 the propriety and advantages of combining the districts lying in the central part of the town came 
to be seriously considered and much discussed. The movement is said to ha\e begun in the Ashland 
district, now included in the township of East Orange. The lack of uniformity in text books was one 
of the chief subjects of discussion. Meetings were held antl the desire for centralization was strength- 
ened and diffused by discussion, and during the fall and winter of 186 1-2 became quite general in the 
Ashland, Central and St. Mark's districts, embracing territory reaching on Main Street from Walnut 
Street, in East Orange, to the top of the first mountain, and having a northern and southern boundary 
of various courses, and containing as per statement and report of the superintendent, two-thirds of the 
eligible children of the town. 

About March i, 1862, measures had been taken by the town superintendent and a majority of the 
trustees of each of these districts, which they sujiposed had resulted in the abolition of the districts 
according to law. April 7, i8C>2, the legal voters of the districts met as one district at Willow Hall, 
upon the call of the town superintendent. Mr. F. A. Adams was chairman of the meeting and J. 
Addison Freeman secretary. The meeting elected three trustees for the district, viz.: David N. Ropes, 
Benjamin F. Birrett and William Pierson, Jr. This Board of Trustees, jointly with the superintendent, 
on the fourth day of June then ne.xt ensuing, filed in the county clerk's office their certificate of 
incorporation. On the i6th of June a meeting of the new district, \vhich had been named "Central 
District," was held at Willow Hall, but no definite action was taken. An adjourned meeting was held 
on the 28th, at Library Hall, where Andrew Britton was made chairman and L. H. Hill secretary of the 
meeting, when two very important measures were adopted. One was the adoption of St. John's 
parochial school as one of the schools of the district, and the other was to tax the district the sum of 
three thousand and five hundred dollars for the support of the schools for the current year. This was 
a district tax, the town already having voted the customary three thousand dollars With the present 
population such an amount of tax would seem very moderate, but at that time it was considered 
extravagant. Only one gentleman in the audience, a heavy ta.x payer, had the courage to raise a 
dissenting voice. 

The action of the trustees in abolishing the then old district was found to be illegal ; relief was 
sought and obtained through the courts and the former proceedings set aside. The opinion expressed 
by the Supreme Court at its session in June, 1864, was that "the three districts were never legally 
abolished and, consequently, that the ta.x was illegally imposed, and that the abolishment and the vote 
imposing the ta.x should be declared void as against the prosecutors." This opinion of the Supreme 
Court dissolved the Central distiict into its original elements and the old regime was allowed to resume 
its sway in peace. 

The disintegration of territory causetl by the separation of South Orange in 1861, and West 
and East Orange in 1863, necessitated important changes in the several school districts. For the next 
five years the public schools of what had become the town of Orange reduced to two districts, and a 
few fragments of districts followed the usual methods of district organization until the 3d day of April, 
1868, the Legislature enacted that the public schools should thenceforth be uniler the management and 
control of a Board of Education, incorporated by the name of the "Board of Education of the Town 
of Orange." This Board was constitLited of nine members, three from each ward, and the Legislature 
made the first appointments in manner following, to wit : For the First Ward, Nathan W. Pierson, 
James C. Hardin and William Pierson, Jr.; for the Second Ward, William Cleveland, Edward II. Ensign 
and William M. Price; for the Third Ward, Robert L. Da.shiell, Edward Coumont and Aaron Carter, 
Ji-. Dr. William Pierson was elected president and Aaron Carter, Jr., secretary. 



The Founders and 1U;ii,ders of the Oranges. 221 

In the next succeeding,' year the charter of the town was thoroughly and systematically revised 
excejjt in relation to the Hoard of Education, wliich, having been so recently enacted and drawn with 
great care, did not rc(iuire revision. This centralization of the work of public instruction in the hands 
of one body of men was attended with the anticipated and customary good consequences, resulting in 
uniformity in tlie course of study and in the adoption of text books, a thorough system of discipline, 
the selection liy rigid examination— of principals for the several school buildings and teachers for all 
the departments, the choice of a superintendent as the general agent of the board in all matters of 
tuition, providing school-houses and keeping them in repair and in a comfortable condition at all 
seasons. The work of improving the public school system and increasing the facilities has gone 
steadily forward and there are now five large school buildings within the city limits, provided with the 
latest and most improved facilities for the education of the young. The total valuation of these, 
according to the report made in 1896, is $161,206.31; total enrollment, 2,731. The following is a 
complete report of the schools, school buildings, etc., to the beginning of 1896: 

No. I. Hltill School Westerly side of Day Street, in the rear of the First Presbyterian 
Church. Size of lot, loS feet front by 188 feet deep; cost, §8,000. Building $40,440.23 ; built in 1869. 
There are 10 rooms, \\ith a seating capacity of 440, with 13 teachers; total enrollment, 1S96 — boys, 
234; girls, 27i\ total, 507. 

No. 2. Lincoln Avenue. Corner of Lincohi iVvcmie and Jackson Street. Lot 138 feet wide on 
Lincoln Avenue by 200 feet dcej); cost, $5,000. Building erected in 1871 ; cost, $22,673.13. It has 
eight rooms; seating capacity, 378 ; teachers, 9; enrollment — boys, 260; girls, 262 ; total, 522. 

No. 3. Pauk Avi NUE. Northerly side of Park Avenue, near North Center Street. L(jt 150 
feet front by 250 feet deep; cost, $3,900. Cost of building, $18,997.22 ; erected in 1882. It has 13 
rooms; seating capacity, 614 ; teachers, 14; enrollment — boys, 343 ; girls, 370 ; total, 713. 

No. 4. FORE-ST Street (Valley). Easterly corner of Valley Road and Forest Street. Lot 150 feet 
on Valley Road by 159 feet deep; additional 50 feet purchased in 1895 at a cost of ^1,800. The 
original site is very old, and the cost is not known. The building cost $43,750.51. Rooms, 6 ; seating 
capacity, 260; teachers, 7; enrollment — boys, 172; girls, 141 ; total, 313. 

No. 5. Oakwood Avenue. Westerly side of Oakwood Avenue, nearly opposite Dennis Place. 
Lot cost $6,600. Building, $35,345.35 ; erected 1889; twelve rooms, seating capacity 499; teachers, 
12; enrollment — boj's, 332; girls, 344; total, 676. 

Board of Education. The present Board of I-lducation (1896) consists of the following: First 
Ward. — George Bayles, President; Thomas W. Harvey, C'harles H. ManiL Second Ward. — Charles A 
Lindsley, J. Eugene Smith, Manning E. Drake. Third Ward. — Wilbur F. Kynor, J. Rowland Mix, 
Neil R. Howard. Fourth Ward. — O.scar Thomi)son, Philip F. Timi)son, William H. Bradshaw. Fifth 
Ward. — Andrew J. Hebcrling, Albert E. Robinson, Nelson O. Wilhelm. 

Private Schools. Abraham Harrison, who taught in the Orange Academy from 1807 to 1811, 
afterwards taught a classical school in his own house. Albert Picrson, a grandson of Matthias Pier.son, 
opened a school in Masonic Hall, about 1831, and afterwards in a building of his own in the rear of his 
dwelling on Main Street. Later he erected a three-story brick building which received the name of 
Willow Hall. One of his early assistants was a bright young Irishman who proved subsequently to be 
a no less personage than the gallant Gen. James Shields, one of the heroes of the Mexican War. 
Alonzo Brackett, who taught for some years in the academy, subsequently opened a boarding school on 
Main Street, which became quite popular in its day. He was assisted by Mr. Charles W. Monroe, who 
afterwards had charge of a .school in West Orange. The Mi.sses Simpson, daugliters of Simon Simpson, 
a Scotchman, were popular instructors in Orange for a number of years. They occupied the buikhng 
for a number of years on the northwest corner of Hillyer and William Streets. In 1852 Mr. Thomas 
C. Ingalls opened a school in the Simpson building which was in operation for about two years. The 
Misses Stanley and Smith cst.d)lislied a school about 1870 which was called the Orange In.stitute, 
occupying the ohl Dr. Pierson home which stood on the site now occupied by the Central Presbyterian 



222 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

Cliurcli. The Misses Robinson, daus^hters of Col. Chester Robinson, for more than twenty years 
principal of the Orange Academy, taut^ht a private school in Orange for many years which was well 
patronized. 

The Dearborn-Morgan school, which is recognized by many colleges as equal in rank with the best 
New lingland schc^ols, was established by Miss J. B. Dearborn, Miss A. B. Morgan and Rev. C. H. 
Mann, in 1876. In 1879 Dr. D. A. Kennedy, a graduate of Yale, came as master of the classical 
department. He became a co-principal and joined the firm a few j-ears later. The first class graduated 
was in i88i,a class of three. The graduating class for 1895 was eighteen. The boy graduates have gone 
to Harvard, Yale, Ikown, Columbia, Princeton and Amherst, and the girls to Vassar, Smith, Wellesley 
and Bryn Mawr. The success of the school has been due to the constant personal supervision of the 
principals, who have made a careful study of the problems of education. They have gathered around 
them teachers of intelligence and ability who have rendered efficient aid in keeping the work up to a 
high standard. The classes are divided into small sections to gain the best development of tlie 
individual. In this way are secured the benefits coming from a graded system and yet the elasticity of 
tutorial work. The primary department is conducted so as to impart the best elementary education. 
The work in literature, history and science for the older pupils compares favorably with that of the first 
classes in colleges. Mr Mann withdrew from the firm in June, 1895, and Miss Dearborn retired in 
September, but the school is still carried on b\- Dr. Kennedy and Miss Morgan with the same high 
aims which have long characterized it. 

THE PRESS. 

So far as journalism is concerned. Orange was for many years a suburb of Newark, depending on 
the one Newark paper for its local news. With the exception of deaths and marriages, Orange supplied 
but little material for the columns of the paper, but when, early in the thirties, New York merchants 
commenced buying farm lands and converting them into villa plots, ample space was given to record 
the facts and other items of interest growing out of the change. It was not until 1S54, when the new 
element had largely supplanted the old, that the people of Orange realized the importance of having 
a weekly journal of their own. The project originated with Mr. Robert Seers, a New York publisher, 
who came to Orange in 1S50. He talked over the matter with his friends and neighbors, and the result 
was that Mr. Edward Gardner offered to start a weekly paper, provided the people of Orange would 
furnish a capital of §1,000. A canvass was made and forty individuals subscribed $25 each, among 
whom was Mr. E. O. Doremus, of East Orange, from whom these facts were obtained. The Orange 
Journal was then started, with Mr. Edward Gardner as editor and proprietor. 

There were no separate local governments then and the four Oranges were under one name and 
municipality, and this was the only paper in Esse.x County outside of the city of Newark. The size of 
the paper was then 24x37 inches, quarto, seven columns. In iS6o Mr. Gartlncr tlisposed of the 
])roperty to Messrs. Henry Clay Bloomfield and Henry Farmer. At this time it hail enlaiged its pages 
to 28 .\' 40 inches and increased the number of its cohunns to eight. These gentlemen retained 
proprietorship until July 13. 1861, when Mr. Gardner again took possession and remainetl at its head 
until April 30, 1 870, and on May 2 of the same year he disposed of it to Mr. J. M. Reuck, of the New 
York Evening Post. For six years, or until April i, 1876, the Journal was conducted by Mr. Reuck as a 
Republican paper, and on that date he disposed of it to Mr. Oliver Johnson, of the New York Tribune. 
Mr. Johnson brought to the editor's chair an experience and ability which enabled him to advance the 
Journal to a leading position among the papers of the State. He made many improvements in the 
paper, changing it from a folio to a quarto, adding new type and expending a large sum in making it 
conform to his literary and artistic taste. Not having realized his monetary anticipations, Mr. Johnson 
disposed of his interest to Samuel Toombs, then city editor, who at once changed the character of the 
paper by confining its work almost wholly to the local field, magnifying local interests, giving full and 




EDGAR WILLIAMS. 



The Koundkus and Huii.ders ok riir, OKANf;ES. 223 

accurate reports of all local affairs. In 1S83, believing; that the time had come when the citizens of 
Orant:;c would appreciate an atlvaiicc in newspaper work, Mr. Toombs issued the Journal as a semi- 
weekly, lie continuetl until 1885, when it was purchased by its present owner. 

As soon as Mr. Williams secured the Journal he thoroughly overhauled the establishment, putting 
in a new Campbell press, with new type, and enlarging the paper to 29x42 inches, nine columns. The 
first issue under his management was on April 17, 1883. but it was not until a later date that all the 
improvements were completed, and the Journal made an attractive appearance in its enlarged form, 
tidy dress and make-up. The paper has steailily gained favor under the present management. In 
politics the Journal \^ Republican, but although the editor continues the policy of his predecessors in 
m.iiiitaining the princii)les of the Republican party, he is not so biased that he cannot condemn his 
(Mvn part}- when occasion requires, or applaud a political adversary for meritorious acts. Not only is 
the .7(i/^r;/(?/ ai^prcciated by residents of the Oranges for the large amount of interesting local news 
furnislu-il each week, l)ut a glance at its columns shows that it is valued b\- merchants as an advertising 
medium, circulating as it does not only in the Oranges but in some of the other villages about this 
noted cluster. The advertisers are not confined to the resident merchants, but soine of the largest 
houses of New \'ork and Newark, realizing that the trade of Orange is not wholly confined to local 
houses, liberally advertise for a share of it. The progress and growth of the Oranges is reflected in the 
growth of the Journal and it is a representative paper of a flourishing and highly-favored community, 
a welcome visitor to homes where the word "welcome" is always uttered with the emphasis of sincerity. 
In June, 1S95, the Journal was incorporated as the Orange Journal Publishing Company, under the laws 
of New Jersey, Mr. Williams, of course, retaining the controlling interest. The present members of 
the editorial staff of the Journal ^rc: Edgar Williams, editor and proprietor; Frank H. Jamison, city 
editor; Eugene W. Farrell, business manager; William J. Fitzgerald, advertising manager. 

Edgar Williams, to whose energy and enterprise the Journal owes its greatest success, is the first 
one of its proprietors during its forty years' existence who is to the manor born. His ancestors were 
among the sturdy Founders of this portion of Essex County, while as a niouliler of |)ublic opiniim he 
is foremost in the ranks of its modern Builders. Earnest and independent as a man, he voices the 
sentiments of his party without being partisan. His utterances have no uncertain sound, and they 
come from the honest con\-ictions of an honest heart, trained in the school of an honest ancestrj-. 

Edgar Williams, son of Leander and Emily Williams, was born in Orange and is a direct descend- 
ant of the first Matthew Williams, through Matthew (2), Gersham, Joseph, Zophar, Job, father of 
Leander. His great-grandfather, Joseph, served with the Essex County militia in the War of the 
Revolution. Mr. Williams' preparatory course of education was received in the public and private 
schools of his native city. Four years in the office of Blake & Freeman (one of leading law firms in 
the county) with ample facilities for acquiring a knowledge of the law, failed to awaken in him any 
desire to follow that profession. Later, while a student at Philip's E.xeter Academy, he was enabled to 
gratify his taste for journalism which he formed in early life. He became business manager of the 
Exonian, a school paper that was highly creditable to its projectors. Even in this limited sphere he 
showed his capacity for this kind of work. He did not carry out his plan of entering college, owing to 
circumstances over which he had no control. After he returned to his native city he decided to adopt 
journalism as a profession. Being a Reiniblican and a man of decided convictions, it was but natural 
that he should avail himself of the first opportunity for engaging in work of this character, and when 
he found the Journal was for sale he was not long in deciding to purchase. For a man without 
practical knowledge or experience other than that mentioned, his success has been marked. He had 
his own ideas of what a paper of this character should be, and, with due deference to his predecessors 
who had established the reputation of the Journal, he marked out a line for himself to which he has 
strictl)' adhered. "Principle, not policy," is his motto, and while working for the success of his party 
he has never hesitated to criticise its acts nor to condemn its individual members when occasion required. 
Th.it liis efforts to serve his party have been appreciated was shown at the sessions of the Legislature 



224 



The Fouxders and Bpii.ders of the Oranges. 



of 1894 5, wlien he was made Engrossing Clerk of the House, an office of great responsibilit}- and 

trust, the duties of which he discharged to the Legislature and by uniform 
courtesy won the approbation of all parties. In 1896 Mr. Williams was 
appointed to the corresponding office in the Senate where he added to the 
^^^^^ good reputation made in the House. 

r^^^^^ Mr. Williams is in touch with every mo\'ement that tends to promote 

^ ^^^g tlie moral, intellectual or physical development of his nati\e city. He is 

j^ /^ a member of the Orange Hoard of Trade, the New England Society, East 

-.^^jl Orange Republican Club, East Orange Improvement Society, Orange 

^^^^^pk^ Athletic Club and Orange Council, Royal Arcanum. He is also a member 

^^^^^^H|^^^^^ of the Society of the Sons of the American Revolution, by virtue of his 

^^^^^^^^^HH^ great-grandfather's service in the War of the Revolution, Dr. John Condit, 

^^^^^^^^^^ who was surgeon of Col. Van Cortlandt's Battalion of Heard"s Brigade. 

Mr. Williams married Miss Gertrude A. Robinson, daughter of James Robin- 
son, of East Orange. His children are Revsis G., Edgar and Kathryn Smith. 
Eugene William Fakrell was born in South Orange. July 22, 1871. 
He is Business Manager of the Orange Journal and the South Orange Bid/itiii, both published by the 



EUGENE WELl.TAM FARKKI.I.. 



Orange Journal Publishing Co. Mr. 
and public schools of his native village. 
as ofifice boy in the office of the 
paper was owned by F. D. Crozier. 
the newspaper business, and while 
Orange correspondent for the New- 
left Mr. Crozier's employ to accept a 
Journal, and when Edgar Williams, 
the Bulletin. Mr. I'^arrcll was made 
Aside from his connection with the 
Mr. Farrell and Frank H. Jamison 
correspondents for the Oranges, in- 
and the New York Sun. Mr. P"arrell 
ternity in Essex Countj- and is Vice- 

F RAN K H A K K 1 SON J A M I SOX, city 




Farrell was educated in the parochial 
When he left school he went to work 
South Orange Bulletin when that 
Mr. Farrell soon showed his love for 
with the Bulletin he became South 
ark Daily Advertiser. Mr. Farrell 
position in the office of the Orange 
the editor of the Journal, bought 
Business Manager of both papers. 
Orange Journal Publishing Company, 
represent out-of town papers as their 
eluding the Newark Evening News 



FKANK HAKKISON JAMISON. 



is well known in the newspaper fra- 
Presidcnt of the Newark Press Club, 
editor of the Orange Journal, was 

born in Orange on December 20, 1S73, and for the past four \-ears has been connected with the Journal, 

serving as reporter for a year, then being made city editor. Mr Jamison has 

always been interested in newspaper work. When thirteen years of age he 

began contributing to the Newark Sunday Call from seaside resorts and 

served that paper as a suminer correspondent for five years. He was 

educated at the Orange High School, graduating in 1892. During the two 

last years of his course there he edited and published High School Life, 

founding the paper in 1891. With his graduation the paper discontinued 

publication. During the four years of his High School course he was 

employed at the Orange Post Office as clerk in the registry and money order 

departments. In addition to his work on the Journal Mr. Jamison con- 
ducts, in conjunction with Eugene W. Farrell, a successful newspaper corres- 
pondence bureau. 

Wn.LiAM J. Fitzgerald, the advertising manager of the Orange 

Journal and the South Orange Bulletin, was born in South Orange, on 
eptember 12, 1S71. He was educated m the Maplewood public school 

and in St. Mary's parochial school, South Or:inge. Mr. I-"itzgerald has only been in the newspaper 




Thk Founders and Hiii.ukks ok the Oranges. 225 

business for three years, but during' that time he has made a jjood record as an advertising solicitor. 
He is a wide-awake and energetic young man. l?efore accepting a position with tlie Orange Journal 
Publishing Company. Mr. Fitzgerald did suburban work for the Newark Daily Advertiser. 

TllK Okange Record. The next to enter the field for journalistic honors was the Orange RecorJ, 
started in 1867 by Michael Purcell, a former employee of the Journal. Others had already conceived 
the idea of starting another paper, believing the time was ripe for such an enterprise, but Purcell, being 
on the spot, was the first to make the attempt. His means were limited and he had many obstacles to 
contend with, ami after a few ukmuIis' tri.d he sold his interest to Hugh P. Shields, a bright young 
Irishman, who had served in the war and accpiired some experience as a newspajier correspondent. He 
met with no better success, however, than his predecessor, and the Record c-x.^\xc<\ just before Christmas, 
in 1868. 

The Orange CllRONICl.t;. The death of tlie Raord \x\ its infancy did not discourage Mr. Frank 
\V. I5alchvin from making another attemj)! in this direction. He had watched the growth of his native 
town and was nearly read)- to begin operations when his rival unexpectedly came to tlie front. When 
at last the opportunity came for carrying out his cherished project, he hurried to his native town and 
purcjiased the plant of the Record, whicli had fallen into the hands of its creditors. Associated with 
him in the enterjirise was Mr. Joseph Atkinson. It was found that the plant of the Record co\x\<\ be 
purchased for $8co ; as the partners had but $200 each to invest, the balance remained on chattel 
mortgage. They began operations on January 19, 1869, in a little store on Main Street. The ensuing 
nine days were occupied in preparing for the first issue of the Orange Chronicle, and on Saturdaj-, 
January 27, the first edition made its appearance, having been printed on a Washington hand press. 
Four members of the craft connected with the Newark Journal axmc up and worked until midnight 
ivithout pay to aid their fellow-craftsmen in getting their paper out on time. One thousand copies were 
printed, but many of these were distributed free in order to introduce the paper, and it was not until 
the second or third issue that the bona fide circulation was established. Then the regular edition 
settled down to between 200 and 300, from which point it steadily increased. Mr. Isaac P. Baldwin, the 
father of Frank W.. rendered material aid to his son in soliciting and collecting. In September, 1869, 
Mr. Atkinson sold his interest to Joseph V>. Loomis, and in October, 1870, Frank W. Baldwin purcliased 
the latter's interest, since which time up to tlic date of incorporation, in 1892, he has been its sole owner. 

The Chronicle grew in favor and on July 23, 1870, it was enlarged from a seven column paper, 
24 X 36 inches, to an eight column sheet, 27^ X4ii. A cylinder press was purchased, operated by man 
power, capable of printing one thousand impressions per hour. On October i, 1881, the Chronicle was 
enlarged to 28x42, and again on October 23, 1883, to 29x42. The size of the page was reduced on 
May 12, 1888, to 26x40, but two more pages were added, and subsequently two pages at once till the 
maximum normal issue has reached fourteen pages. Special holiday editions of sixteen pages and cover, 
handsomely illuminated, have been issued during the past five or si.x years, and on January 27, 1894 — 
the twenty-fifth anniversary of its first publication — the Chronicle appeared in one of the most beauti- 
fully illuminated covers ever issued fiom any suburban press. This edition contained a complete 
history of the enterprise from its inception to that time, including brief notices of the several members 
of the editorial staff who had been connected with it at various periods. The office and composing 
room were also included, and every one — from foreman to "devil" — was honorably mentioned. Among 
those wild h.ive contributed materially to its success are: Elbridge G. Dunnell. first city editor; Isaac 
P. Baldwin ; A. H. Ward, foreman ; Charles Starr, city editor (now editor and proprietor of the Fast 
Orange Gace/le); L. C. McChesney, city editor; Horace E. Kimball, and F. C. Shann. 

In April. 1889. the first bookbindery ever existing in Orange was established as a part of the 
Chronicle plant. The enterprise was an experiment, but has exceeded the anticiiiations of its proprietor 
and has received the hearty encouragement and support of the business community. As a family paper, 



226 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

neutral in politics, the Chronicle has few equals and no superior in the State of New Jersey. Clean, 
bright, newsy and attractive, it is always a welcome visitor in the homes of the Oranges. 

Frank Wilfred Baldwin', the founder of the Orange Chronicle. A lineal descendant of one of 
the Founders of the Oranges, Mr. Baldwin has been one of the most successful Builders. In moulding 
public opinion, in promoting public enterprises and in educating the masses up to a higher standard of 
virtue and nioralit\-. he has rendered valuable service to the place of his birth. His line of descent 
is through 

Joseph Baldwin, of Milford, Conn., 1639, who by his first wife. Mannali . had Joseph, born 

1640; Benjamin, born 1642; Hannah, born 1644; Mary, born 1645; Eliza, born 1646; Martha, born 
1647; Jonathan, born 1649; David, born 1651, and Sarali, born 1653. Of these, Joseph, Benjamin and 
Jonathan are named among the Newark settlers. 

Jonathan Baldwin, son of Josepli and Hannah ( ) Baldwin, was born February 15, 1649; married, 

first, Hannah Ward; second. Thankful Strong. He died IJecembcr 13, 1730. He had a son, John. 

John Baldwin, son of Jonathan, was born May 22, 1683, dieil Jan 20, 1773. He had a son, Ezckicl. 

Ezekiel Baldwin, son of John, was born December 19, 17 19. He had a son, Caleb. 

Caleb Baldwin, son of Ezekiel, born October 21, 1757; married Lydia Johnson, and had eight 
children, of whom Isaac was the fifth. 

Isaac Baldwin, son of Caleb and L)-dia (Johnson) Haldwin. w.is Ijorn JuK" I, 1791 ; married Nancy 
Hopper. He had a son, Isaac Pres/on. 

Isaac Preston Baldwin, son of Isaac and Nancy 1 lloispcr) Haldwin, was born on Scotland Street, 
Orange, June 17, 1821 ; married Abby Dean, daughter of X'iner Dean. The second child of tiiis 
marriage was Frank Wilfred. 

Frank Wilfred Baldwin, second child of Isaac Preston and Abb\- (Dean) Baldw in, was born on the 
corner of Valley Road and Mount Pleasant A\-enue, Orange. June 26, 1846. Starting out in life at the 
early age of thirteen, with a fair knowledge of the elementary branches acquired at the public schools 
of his native town, he was soon able to support himself. He worked at odd jobs for the first three or 
four years, and in 1862 found cmplo_\-ment as clerk with a New ^'ork publishing firm. Ilea\ailed 
himself of this opportunity to acquire a knowledge of the details of other departments than that 
to which he was assigned, especially of the printing department, with which he became thoroughly 
familiar. In 1868 he obtained employment in the office of the Newark Daily Journal, and there 
received his journalistic training which was the foundation of his successful career as editor and 
I)ublislier of one of the best conducted weeklies in the State of New Jersey. He did not wait for 
''something to turn up," but with true journalistic enterprise he was quick to "turn up" the first 
opportunity which presented itself, and, as has been told in the History of the Press of the Oranges, he 
got ih ahead of his competitor and secured the prize. But for his indomitable will, tenacity and stead- 
fastness of purpose, the prize might have slipped from his grasp, for he had little conception of the 
obstacles to be met and overcome. The ]ilant which he purchased of his predecessor was limited in 
quantity and poor in quality. His little cash capital was soon exhausted and with little or no credit, "a 
steady outgo for materials and wages, it was for a time up-hill work, and oftentimes so discouraging 
th.it thoughts of giving up the struggle often presented themselves." He helil on, howe\er, and his 
efforts were eventually crowned with success. The name selected for the paper was an indication of the 
character of its founder---a true and faithful chronicler of passing events. On January 27, 1894, he 
celebrated the twenty-fifth anniversary of the founding of the Chronicle, and, without egotism, he could 
truly say, ''This is my monmnent." I'rom the beginning of his journalistic career his individuality has 
been stamped on every page of his journal and he has invariably pursued a straightforward, inde- 
pendent course, without fear or favor. His belief in the "brotherhood of man" has been exemplified 
in his treatment of his employees, some of whom have grown up with him from bojhood, and through 
his assistance and encouragement have not only accumulated property but have become "bright and 
shining lights" in the profession. 



TllK FoUNUKKS AND lUill.DKRS OF TIIK ORANGES. 



Witli journalism as a profession, the cultivation of his musical talents antl the promotion of musical 
organizations has been his pastime. He founded, in i«8i. the Oranyc Mendelssohn Union, comimsed 
of the best musical talent in the Oranges, and this has been one of the most successful organizations of 
its kind in this or any other suburban city or township in the State. Gifted by nature with a good 
tenor voice and a passionate love of music, Mr. Haldwin has availed himself of every opportunity for 
the cultivation of vocal and instrumental music from early childhood, and during this period he has 
enjoyed frequent intercourse with the musical celebrities of the day. His influence in the community 
in educating the people up to a high standard of musical attainment has been marked and positive. 
He has achieved distinction as a musical critic and is a performer on the violin and other stringed 
instruments. Of these he has a rare and valuable collection. 

Mr. Baldwin married, first, I'rances Eliza Love, daughter of Samuel G. Love, of Western New 
York, for many years superintendent of the schools of Jamestown, and one of the first to introduce 
maiui.ii tr.iiiiiii;^ in tlic i>ul)lic schools. F"our children were the issue of this marriage. The .second wife 
of Mr. Baldwin was Miss Harriet M. K. Cox, daughter of Thomas C. and Harriet E. Co.\, a descendant 
of an old New Jersey family. Mr. lialdwin has been for twenty-five years a member of the New Jersey 
Editorial Association and was its President in 1S91. He is also a member of the New England Society, 
of Orange. 

Leonard C. McChksnlv, Lit)- Editor. As the successor of Mr. Charles Starr, now the editor and 
proi)rietor of the East Orange Gazette, Mr. McChesney assumed charge of this local department of the 
Chronicle. Witii but a limited experience to fit him for the work he applied himself to the task with 
untiring inilustry, and rapidly developed an instinct for news. The news columns of the Chronicle and 
its continued growth in pui)lic favor are the best evidence of Mr. McChesney's fitness for the position. 
He is a man of good judgment as well as business capacity and is popular with the patrons of this 
journal. i\Ir. McChesney was born in Orange, November 7, 1859; educated at the public school; 
engaged in \arious business enterprises until June i, 18S2, when he began his connection with the 
Chronicle. His ancestor was one of the early settlers on the Northfield Road, West Orange. 

Horace E. Kimt.all lias just passed his first decade as a member of the Chronicle staff, his 

connection with the paper dating 

from iSS6. As a news gatherer 

he is wide-awake, earnest, industri- 
ous. He penetrates every nook 

and corner of the Oranges and 

nothing worthy of record escapes 

his notice. Mr. Kimball is the 

eldest child of Horace Kimball, 

M. D., — the first resident dentist 

of Orange — and Mary Davenport 

( Fisher) Kimball, daughter of Re\ . 




Samuel Fisher. He was born in 

Clyde, Wayne County, N. Y , Sep- 
tember 18, i83_), while his parents 

were there on a visit. He was 

brought to Orange by his parents 

when he was five years of age. 

He attended the puplic school 

both here and in New York City, ir.„. ,,>.. .1.. ..r.-NEv. 

and later entered the Free Acad- 
emy — now the College of the City of New York. He left during his .sophomore year and engaged in 
business. Soon after the breaking out of the war he raised Company G, of the Fourth \. Y. Heavy 




HORACE E. KIMBALL, 



228 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges 

Artillery, was commissioned First Lieutenant and served in the defense of Washington. He was 
afterwards transferred to Ullman's Brigade, was commissioned Captain and transferred to New Orleans. 
He participated in the siege of Port Hudson. He served on Gen. Burke's staff as assistant engineer, and 
constructed the seventeen gun battery on the left of the line. He returned to New York at the close 
of the war and engaged in business for a time on his own account and was afterwards editor of 
Brainard's Mnsicn/ World. He came to Orange in 1878 and in 1SS6 he joined the staff of the CItronitlc. 

The Orange Volkshote, which is printed in the German language, is devoted to the interests of 
the German-American residents of the Oranges. It is Democratic in politics and is a six column paper, 
issued weekly. It was established in 1872, by Darnstaedt & Erdman. In 1S76 August Erdman, the 
junior partner, purchased Mr. Darnstaedt's interest in the paper. Mr. Erdman continued as its editor 
and publisher till his death in 1890, when he was succeeded by his son, Charles Erdman. In 1892 
Ernest Temme, a well-known Newark newspaper man, bought the Volksbotc and he is still its editor 
and i^roprietor. He is also city editor of one of the Newark German dailies. 

The Orange Sonntagsblatt, is another German paper published on Sundays. It was established 
in 1883 by August Koehler, its present editor and proprietor. It is democratic in politics. 

PUBLIC LIBRARIES. 

The first movement to establish a [lublic library in Orange was about 1820 and was for many years 
under the care of Giles Mandeville. It was known as the Orange Library. It comprised a small 
collection of books which belonged to the stockholders and from which the people of the town were 
permitted to draw for a trifling sum. This library was useful in its day and many of the young men of 
that day derived great benefit from it. 

The Orange Lyceum was formed in 1832 " for mutual improvement in knowledge and literature." 
The weekly exercises consisted of " lectures, debates, recitations in some useful branch of science, letter 
writing and composition, public reading and declamation." The books, of which there was quite an 
interesting collection, were kept at Albert Pierson's school room, where the Ljxeum at first held its 
meetings. Mr. Pierson, who was then conducting a classical school in Orange, was its first President. 
The meetings were subsequently held in tiie lecture room of the First Church, and finally at Willow Hall. 
A charter was obtained in 1842. This institution held an important place in the comniunit}- for a 
quarter of a century or more and the business men of Orange, \\\\o gave it their hearty support, derived 
great benefit from it. As the population increased new ideas took the place of the old, and the people 
lost interest in the old methods in which public debates and declamations formed an important feature. 
A new^ impetus was given to this means of education in 1858 b)' the organization of the Library 
Association, which proved more successful than its predecessors. It occupied rooms over Bailey & 
Everitt's building and besides a library of some 1,500 volumes, was provided with a reading room 
containing the popular monthlies, also the weekly and daily papers. These rooms were under the care 
of Charles Warburton Brown, the librarian, and were open to the public every evening except Sunday, 
and on Saturday afternoons. Two annual courses of popular lectures were given by the Association 
which added materially to its finances and justified a further expenditure for books. 

Okange Free Lhjrarv. The previous efforts to establish a free library in Orange did not meet 
with permanent success. They were under the management of gentlemen who, although interested in 
the matter, were not able to give to it the necessary time and attention. The (grange Free Library, 
which was established in 1883, has been at all times under the control of a few de\otcd, enterprising 
women, who have given much time and attention to the work. Shakspeare says: 

" Where there's a woman in the case, 
All other things give place." 

and where there are several enthusiastic women in the case, obstacles disappear and "all other things 
give place." This movement was started by Miss Sarah Martin, in the autumn of 1883. She soon 



The Founders and Ruiuders of the Oranges. 229 

interested otlicr ladies in the work and on December 7, 1883, a small room was rented on the second 
floor of Cleveland Hall, with a nucleus of 169 volumes. An association of ladies was organized and a 
charter obtained December 30, 1884. Article II of the Constitution states that "the object of 
this Association shall be to provide a Circulating Library of well selected books for the use of the 
inhabitants of the city of Orange and of the townships of East. West and South Orange" Donations 
of books and money were made and soon an interest was awakened in the new project and larger 
quarters were necessary. On November i, 1886, a room was rented on the ground floor of the Riding 
Academy building. The following year it was moved to a small building opposite, which has since 
been torn down. Liberal contributions were made from time to time and in 1891 the society purchased 
tlic property on Main Street, between Essex Avenue and Cone Street, which consists of one-half of 
a large frame buikling, including the land in the front and rear. It has now a fine reading room 
provided with all the latest periodicals and over 8,000 volumes of well-selected books. While all 
classes have availed themselves of its benefits, it has been patronized mostly by those who liad no 
other means of improving their leisure hours in reading and study, and to them it has proved a great 
blessing. It is noteworthy that this class of people select the best standard works, r.itlier than works of 
fiction, and they are the chief patrons of the reading room. 

The movement was started by and has continued under the management of a few enterprising 
ladies. It began with a board of twelve trustees, divided into three classes, one of the three classes 
being elected annually. The first Board of Officers (1884) consisted of: President, Miss Sarah Martin: 
Vice-President, Mrs. John L. Rlake ; Treasurer, Mrs. James S. Cox ; Secretary, Miss Adele Witmore. 
For 1S85, the same President and Vice-President; Treasurer, Mrs. J. F. Dennis; Secretary, Mrs. E. H. 
Stephenson. P'or 1886, the same President and Vice-President; Treasurer, Mrs. James O. Watson, who 
has continued to hold the position from that time down to the present (1896); Secretary, Miss Margaret 
H. Pierson ; 1887, same officers re-elected, with the exception of the Secretary-, Mrs. Frank H. Scott, 
succeeding Miss Pierson ; 1888, President, Miss Sarah Martin ; Vice President, Mrs. James S. Co.x was 
elected to succeed Mrs. Blake, deceased; no other changes; 1889, Miss Martin resigned the Presidency 
and Mrs. James S. Cox succeeded her as President; Vice-President, Mrs. T. F. Taylor: Secretarj', Mrs. 
George P. Kingsley ; 1890, same officers re-elected; 1891, President, Mrs. Thomas T.Taylor; \'ice- 
President. Mrs. John O. Heaki; same Treasurer and Secretary; 1892, President, Mrs. George P. 
Kingsley; Vice-President, Mrs. John O. Heald; Secretary, Mrs. Amos C. Van Gaasbeck ; 1893, same 
officers re-electetl ; 1894, Mrs. A. C. V^an Gaasbeck was elected President to succeed Mrs. Kingsley, 
deceased; Vice-President, Mrs. John O. Heald; Secretary Mrs. Alfred B.Jenkins; 1895, same officers 
re-elected, except the Secretary, Miss Nellie Kingman succeeding Mrs. Jenkins; 1896, Mrs. Van 
Gaasbeck resigned as President and was succeeded bj- Mrs. John O. Heald ; Vice-President, Mrs. Frank 
H. Scott; Treasurer, Mrs. James O. Watson; Secretary, Miss Nellie Kingman. An Advisory Board of 
well-known gentlemen has rendered material assistance to these ladies in their work. 

The library is supported mainly by voluntary contributions and the income from associate members. 
The latter pay ^^5 each per annum and now number 130. The annual report for 1895 shows the income 
from this source, $650; rent of rooms in building, S120; proceeds of the "Woman's Edition of the 
Orange ChronkU" $2,187.70; donations, subscriptions, fines, entertaiment, sale of old books and pa])ers. 
S762.15; making a total income of $3,719.85. A mo\'ement was started in 1889 by George Richards, 
Esq., to raise a permanent fund for the use of the library. Among the largest contributors to this fund 
were L. H. Blakeman, A. B. Jenkins, Mr. and Mrs. George Richards, J. O. Watson, Mr. and Mrs. T. F. 
Taylor, Mr. and Mrs E. D. Page, Marshall Shepard, Samuel Colgate, Mr. and Mrs. J. O. Heald, Mr. 
and Mrs. Frank H. Scott, J. N. Robins, Henry Graves, R. D. Douglass, Mrs. J. S. Cox. H. H. Freeman. 
Mr. and Mrs. George P. Kingsley. Mrs. A. T. E. Kirtland, Mr. and Mrs. William Runckle. Mr. and Mrs. 
M. B. Metcalf, Mr. and Mrs. A. C. Van Gaasbeck. 

The Secretary's report for 1895 contained the following reference to one of the most valued friends 
the library has ever had: '• In the early fall the library met with a sad loss in the death of one of the 



230 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

Advisory Board. Mr. James O. Watson. Ever the true friend and valued advisor of the library. Ins 
death revealed a beneficence which showed how justly he esteemed the world of literature as a potent 
factor in human development." In his will Mr. Watson bequeathed §35,000 to the library, in addition 
to his own private library, one of the finest in the country. The amount bequeathed and the valuable 
collection of books are available only after the death of Mrs. Watson. The latter has not only proved 
a true friend, but one of the most indefatigable workers the library has ever had. The annual report 
for 1895 shows a total of 7,905 volumes, 1,355 of which were added during that year. A total of 34,871 
books were borrowed in 1895, as against 31,210 the year previous. The two men who are deserving of 
special notice in connection with this enterprise arc J. O. Wat>on and George Richards. 

New England Society, of Orange. This society held its twenty-fifth anniversary on May 15. 
1895, at which time Mr. Wendell Phillips Garrison read a paper entitled "The Birth of the New 
England Society." From this paper, subsequently published by the society, the principal facts concern- 
ing its history are taken. The organization of the society grew out of a suggestion or wish made by tiie 
late Rev. Dr. George B. Bacon, at that time pastor of the Orange \'alley Congregational Church, to Mr. 
Garrison in the latter part of 1869 or early part of 1870. The initiati\e steps were taken by Mr. Bacon, 
who noted a significant omen in the fact that the year 1870 coincided with the 250th anniversary of the 
landing of the Pilgrim P'athers. On the evening of March 31, 1870, twelve gentlemen representing all 
the Oranges, met by invitation at the house of Mr. Oliver S. Carter, No. 83 Main Street, Orange. Of 
this number seven were natives of Massachussetts (including a descendant of the Mayflower), two of 
Maine, two of Connecticut, and one of Vermont. They were: Rev. George B. Bacon, Oliver S. Carter, 
Gardner R. Colby, Davis Collamore, Daniel A. Heald, Frederick Lyman. Lowell Mason, Jr., Thomas B. 
Merrick, David N. Ropes, Benjamin F. Small, VVilli.im F. Stearns and Wendell P. Garrison. On the 
twenty-fifth anniversary of the event there were onl\- four survivors, and but three were still residing in 
the Oranges. Lowell Mason, Jr., was appointed chairman and Wendell P. Garrison, secretary. Dr. 
Bacon stated that the object of the proposed organization was "to give currency and effect to those 
principles which we owe to the founders of New England, and to prove a permanent source of public 
spirit in Orange." Mr. ^L1son, referring to the example of Stockbridge, saw a field of usefulness in 
village improvements. Mr. Colby emphasized the need of a public library and hall. Mr. Stearns would 
operate for the betterment of the public schools and against the degrading political tendencies of the 
day. Mr. Collamore looked to a general re\ival of interest in local affairs. All this and much more has 
been accomplished by the society during the first quarter of a century of its existence. It was agreed 
that the aiins of the society should be: i. Commemorative; 2. Practical, as striving to reproduce the 
virtues of the forefathers, together \\ ith their ideas ami ])rincii)les, ami to foster and stimulate public 
spirit in the private citizen. 

A committee consisting of Messrs. Heald, Carter, Bacon, Stearns Mason, and Garrison was 
appointed to frame a constitution. As a basis it had the constitution of New England Society, of New 
York, but owing to the mixed population of the Oranges, which has its representatives from every part 
of the country and even Europe, it became necessary to enlarge the scope and conditions of member- 
ship so as to embrace all who were willing to aid in promoting its objects, and instead of limiting the 
membership to a " nati\'c or the son of a native of any of the New England States," they ailded, "any 
other person who may sympathize with the objects of the society." These objects were declared to be 
" to commemorate and foster the virtues of tlie P'athcrs of Nev.' England and to cultivate social relations 
among its members." 

This mi.xed membership added much to the real growth and prosperit\- of the societj-, and those 
who were not "to the manor born" were quite as enthusiastic in carrying out its objects as any of the 
descendants of the " three brothers" of New England or the unlimited number of descendants of the 
"blessed company" of the Majflower. One of the first steps taken by the society was to appoint a 
Public Welfare Committee whose duties were defined as follows: "It shall be the duty of the 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 231 

Committee of Public Welfare to examine such questions of general public interest as may from time to 
time arise. If, in their judgment, these questions are of sufficient importance to warrant their presenta- 
tion to the society, the committee shall so submit them, with their opinions or recommendations, for 
such action as the members may determine. All matters tending to promote the welfare and growth 
of this community, to ensure good citizenship and to guard against the encroachments of evil-minded, 
selfish or ambitious persons in the government or management of public affairs, shall be considered 
questions of general public interest." 

"The Public Welfare Committee," says the writer, "put us immediately in touch with all the 
Oranges and gave us a most effective instrument for making and guarding public opinion on all public 
ipiestions. There was never any prohibition in our constitution or by-laws against the discussion of 
politics and religious doctrine, but as a matter of fact, partisanship and sectarianism have been strictly 
excluded, and 1 rate it one of the greatest services whicli the society has rendered, that it has embraced 
men of all creeds and party attachments without inquiring how they voted or what church they 
attended." Almost every public improvement and public reform inaugurated during the past twenty- 
five years has cither been initiated by or received the hearty support of this society. The splendid 
water system, the fire tlepartment, police department and other important movements connected with 
the municipal affairs have each in their turn been taken up by this society. The writer says further : 
"You will find the burning questions of tlie i)rcsent moment — consolidation of the Oranges and reform 
of the D. L. & W. Railroad — launched in the October and December meetings of our initial year. 
This hall in which we are assembled (Music Hall) and which is the enduring monument of our brother- 
member, Mr. Everitt Frazar, above all others, is distinctly the creation of the New England Society and 
the New England spirit. .So is the Free Library — I regret that we cannot yet call it the Public 
Library — as a city institution. Our own library and reading room are among the civilizing influences 
of the town. We early made a substantial contribution to the books of reference of the High School. 
W'c lia\e fostered lectures to a \ery large extent. We have published a history of Orange (Wickes' 
History of the Oranges). We have given liberally to public charity. It is needless to speak of the 
society's recent part in municipal affairs, never so vigorous or so effective, though in the midst of a 
declining membership." 

The following persons have served as ofificers of the society: Presidents. — Lowell Mason, Jr., 
1870-71; Daniel A. Heald, 1872-73; David N. Ropes, 1874-75-76; Henry A. Howe, 1877; Gardner 
R.Colby, 1878-79; Everitt Frazar, 1880-81; Frank F. Ellenwood, 1882-83; Henry Graves, 1884-85; 
William A. lirewer, Jr., 1886-S7 : James C. Bayles, 1888-89 ; James S. Cox, 1890-91 ; Henry Hitch, 1892; 
John O. Heald, 1893-94; William R. Howe, 1895; Isaac E. Gates, 1896. Vice-Presidents. — Daniel A. 
Heald, 1870-71-75 to 1883; Oliver S.Carter, 1870-71-74-79-80; Lowell Mason, Jr., 1872; George B. 
Bacon, 1872 to 1876 inclusive; David N. Ropes, 1873-81-82; Gardner R. Colby, 1877; Henry A. Page, 
1878; Lewis B. Henry, 1883; William A. Brewer, Jr., 1884-85 ; Robert H. Atwater, 1884 85-86; James 
C. Bayles, 1886-87; James S. Cox, 18S7-88-89; Edward D. Ouimby, 188S; Henry F. Hitch, 1889-90- 
91 ; John O. Heald, 1890-91 ; William R. Howe, 1892-93-94; Charles H. Mann, 1893-94-95; Isaac E. 
Gates, 1S95. Counsellors.— Gardner R.Colby, 1870-71-72-74-75-76-80 ; David N. Ropes, 1S70-71-72- 
77-78-79 80-83-84-85; William F. Stearns, 1870 to 1874; Benjamin F. Metcalf, 1S70; William A. 
Brewer, Jr., I070-71 ; Benjamin Shepard, 1870-71 ; William Pierson, Jr., 1871 ; Oliver S. Carter, Jr., 
1872-73-76-77-78-81-82-83-^4; John G. Vose, 1872-73-74; Davis CoUamore, 1872-73-75-76-77-78; 
Lowell Mason, Jr., 1873 to 1884; Henry A. Howe, 1873-74-75-76-78-79-80; Daniel A. Heald, 1874; 
Charles J. Martin, 1874; William -A. Brewer, Sr., 1875 to 1882; George W. Lord, 1875; Henry A. Page, 
1875 77-79-80-81 ; Samuel Colgate, 1879 to 1885; Frederick M. Shepard, 1881-86-87 ; Everitt Frazar, 
1882 to 1890-95; Edward E. Ouimby, 1882-83-S4; James S. Cox, 1882; James C. Bayles, 18S4-85 ; 
Frank II. Scott, 1885; William R. Howe, 1S85; Horace W. Fowler, 1885; Henry Graves, I.N86-87; 
John D. Cutter, 1886-87; Henry M. Oddie, 1886-87; Charles J. Prescott, 1886; George Gray, 1887-88; 
George H. Brewer, 18S8; John O. Heald, 1888-S9; Robert Ward, 1888; Jacob L. Halscy, 1888-89; 



>32 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



William F. Allen, 1889 to 1896; Marshall Shepard. 1889; Bleecker Von Wagenen, 188910 1896; Henry 
B. Auchincloss, 1890; Aaron Carter, 1890; Joseph O.Ward 1890 to 1894; James S. Baker, 189010 
1895 ; Usher W. Cutts, 189 1 to 1S96; Isaac E. Gates, 1893-94; Francis R. Upton, 1895. Treasurers. — 
Frederic Lyman, 1870-71-72; William A. Brewer, 1873 to 1884; Henry B. Starbuck, 18S4 to 1896. 
Recording Secretaries. — Wendell P. Garrison, 1870 to 1880; William R. Howe, 1881-82-83; Henry B. 
Thomas, 1884-85; Edwin S. Hathaway, 1886; Edward Corning, 1887; ])avid A. Kennedy, 1888; 
Camillus G. Kidder, 1889-90; Charles A. Mead, 1891-92; Charles A. Lindsley, 1893 to 1896. Corres- 
ponding Secretary. — Wendell P. Garrison, 18S1 to 1896. 

Music Hall. With the rapid growth of the city of Orange it was not until 1880 that it was 
provided with a suitable hall for public entertainments. The want of it was felt more than ten years 
previous and the first efforts in this direction were made by the New England Society. On June 13, 
1872, Mr. Ropes, on behalf of the Committee of Public Welfare, introduced the following resolution, 
viz.: "That the speedy erection of a first-class building embracing a large hall for musical and other 
entertainments, and smaller rooms for the use of various societies, is a public necessity." At a subsequent 
meeting a committee was appointed to confer with the representatives of "all the other townships, to 
digest a plan of operations for subsequent presentation to the public." Plans were submitted and 
public meetings were held but subscriptions could not be obtained, and in 1874 the New England 
Society was compelled to abandon its annual dinner for want of a suitable hall. In February, 1878, Mr. 
Samnel Colgate sent out a private circular setting forth the necessity of a public hall and suggesting a 

plan for the organization of a stock company. 
Nearly $10,000 was subscribed; the amount, 
however, was not sufficient to carry out the 
undertaking. The New England Societ)' con- 
tinued to agitate the matter and a subscription 
list was opened in May, 1879, ''"'J before the 
close of the month nearly §30,000 of the $40,000 
proposed was raised and a lot 140 x 60 feet was 
purchased on the corner of Main and Day 
Streets. A company was organized, known as 
the "Orange Music Hall Association; the capital 
stock was fixed at $45,000 and in June, 1879, 
the amount of subscriptions was increased to 
$45,250. At a meeting of the shareholders of 
the Orange Music Hall Association held on the 
i6th of June, 1879. the following board of offi- 
cers were elected : President, Samuel Colgate ; 
Vice-President, Everitt Frazar; Secretary, George P. Kingslej' ; Treasurer, Thomas Root; Directors, 
Edu^ard Austin, Oliver S. Carter, Everitt Frazar, John Gill, D. A. Heald, George Lindsley, Lowell 
Mason, Edwin C. Burt, Samuel Colgate, H. Folsom, H. Graves, Henry A. Howe, Charles J. Martin. 
The Building Committee was composed of E\critt Frazar, chairman, Edward Austin, E. C. Burt, George 
Lindsley and D. A. Heald. The architects were Silliman & Farnsworth. The building was commenced 
on the 14th of August, 1879, and was formerly opened on March 4, 1880. The cost of the lot was 
I 5,000 and that of the building $36,000, making a total of §51,000. In October, 1879, the New England 
Society voted to take $1,000 of the stock and soon after this the balance of the $50,000 was subscribed. 
The opening, which took place on the 4th of March, 1880, was one of the grandest affairs ever held 
in the Oranges. On this occasion Mr. Everitt Frazar, to whose indefatigable efforts the success of the 
enterprise was largely due, read a "Report of the Origin and Formation of the Orange Music Hall,'" 
recounting the history of the movement from its inception in 1870 at the residence of Mr. Oliver S. 
Carter, down to March, 1880. The building .was beautifully trimmed and decorated with flowers, 




MUSIC HALL. 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 233 

lilooiiiiii;^ .mil tnipicul plants, which occupied every available position in the building. A fine musical 
entertainment was given by Grafulla's Seventh Regiment band, from New York City, under the leader- 
ship of C. S GrafuUa. Tiie l)uildin•,^ of an eclectic style of architecture, is of brick, the street fronts 
being of pressed Trenton brick trimmed with black brick and terra cotta. It is three stories in height 
and is surmounted with a Gothic roof of slate, with two decks. It has a frontage of 60 feet on Main 
Street and a depth of 160 feet on Day Street. The Main Street front is divided into three bays, and 
the main entrance is in the middle bay. The entrance is twelve feet wide and is enclosed with massive 
double oak doors which swing both ways. It is flanked on either side by granite columns with carved 
caps, and directly above it are the words " Music Hall." In an arch above the middle window is the 
sign of the New England Society which is worked into the brick, and below the thiid stoiy window is 
the date 1880. The first floor is divided into stores, the fronts of which are of iron and plate glass. 
There are two stores on Main Street, each twenty feet front. Across the rear of the building and 
opening on Day Street, is a hallway eight feet wide, opening into which, on the first floor, are dressing 
rooms and from which, at either end, are stairways leading to the stage and furnishing emer"tncv e.xits 
from the main floor and balcony of the hail. On the second floor in the front of the building are two 
handsome rooms, 20 .x 30 feet, with a connecting lobby about 20 .\ 10 feet, over the main stairway, 
occupied b)' the New England Society. The west room is furnished in black walnut, trimmed with 
polished French walnut, and the east room is furnished in red oak, trimmed with polished birds eye 
maple. Over the New England Society's rooms, on the third floor, is a fine assembly room, 30 x 54 
feet, suitable for lectures and entertainments not requiring the large hall. 

The hall itself is entered from the second Hoor. the entrances being about on a level with the stage 
floor. The floor is divided into a parquet and dress circle, and there is a descent from the entrance to 
the stage, steeped in the dress circle. The internal dimensions of the hall are 61 x 57 feet, and the 
seating capacity downstairs is about 600, while the balcony will seat about 400 more. The line of the 
dress circle is directly beneath the balcony line. From the centre of the ceiling rises a dome, from 
which is suspended a beautiful chandelier. The dome is octagonal with a large cove, above which is 
vertical panelled work. The upper or flat panels are tinted blue, on which are represented Painting, 
Sculpture, Music and the Drama. The busts of Shakspeare, Dante, Chopin and Wagner are painted 
in the centre of four panels ; the alternate panels have vases supported by dolphins treated convention- 
ally, the whole being brilliant with gorgeous coloring and gold. The stage is 28 feet 4 inches deep 
and extends across the wliole width of the building;. This is provided witii all the must improved 
theatrical apparatus. 

Musical Societies. — Orange Mendelssohn Union. An article which appeared in the Orange 
Chronicle under date of December 20, 1890, written by its editor, Mr. Haldwin, whose reputation as a 
musical critic as well as an accomplished musician, shows that the people of Orange ha\e not only a 
high appreciation of music but that for more than three-quarters of a century it has had its musical 
organizations and these have been su[)plied with musical talent far abo\'e most towns of its size in the 
United States. The Chronicle says: "Orange has e\er been looked upon as a musical community. In 
the palmy days of the Hutchinson family and in the days when negro minstreUy first appealed to the 
public for recognition, the people of Orange turned out in crowds as large as the halls would iiold, and 
when the new population came its character remained unchanged, except that it promptly encouraged 
what has been regarded as a higher grade of music, namely, the grand orchestra, tlie string quartet, 
operatic singing and oratario. 

"The first regular musical society in Orange was the Handel and Haydn Society, organized in the 
thirties. It consisted of about a dozen ladies and twice the number of men, it being the outgrowth of 
a singing school. They gave "publics" once a month ; they were modest and silent affairs. They 
sang selections from Haydn, Mozart and other classical composers. Among the most talented singers 
of that day was Philip Ward, who possessed a pure tenor voice of remarkable range and sweetness. 



234 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

This societj' continued for about ten years ami was succeeded by tiie Orange Quartet, wliicli held a 
prominent place for a number of years Interest in vocal music seemed to languisli for the best part of 
a generation after the wind-up of the Haydn Society, somewhere in the forties, when a new element 
came into the field, chiefly composed of the new comers into the place, Orange having b\- that time 
s[)rang into popularity as a place of residence for men doing business in New York City, and it was not 
until about the early years of the Civil War that it was again awakened. A society was organized in 
1S62 known as the Choral Union. It had among its members Mrs. Abby Patton, W(V Hutchinson, the 
sweet singer of the famous Hutchinson family, and Ludlow Patton, her husband, for many years the 
manager of this company, Lowell RLison and his son. Dr. William Mason, and other celebrities. William 
H. Sage, a talented local musician, was secured as leader. Among the prominent lady members were: 
Miss Mary E. McCoy, Miss Emily Taylor, Miss Frances Taylor, Miss Lydia P. James, Miss Adella 
Harrison, Miss Martha Ouimby, Miss Dora Rogers, Miss Lizzie Simmons, Mrs. E. E. Quimby, Mrs. J. 
A. Minott and Mrs. David Felty. The work of the Union was chiefly in the lighter selections from the 
masses, principal choruses from oratarios, now and then an operatic chorus, and something occasionally 
from the works of Handel and Haydn and others of the old standard writers. The Choral Union came 
to an end in June, 1870, chiefly on account of the withdrawal of the leading singers who left to join 
the Orange Vocal Society, then about being organized to take up a different class of music. During its 
second season they had the assistance of Miss Emma Thursb)-, William Mason, J. R. Thomas, Frederic 
Bergner, George E. Aiken, Matilda Toedt and other popular artists of the day. 

" The Orange Vocal Society was formed in the fall of 1869, wiih James A. Johnson as conductor, 
for the purpose of taking up glees, madrigals, etc. Its meetings weie held in High School Hall and 
its work was of a high grade. The chorus was small in numbers but the voices were carefully selected, 
and under Mr. Jcihiison the work done was mar\'cllously accurate and such as to win only the highest 
encomiums and praise. Nearly a decade elapsed between the time of the winding up of the Orange 
Vocal Society and the setting on foot of the most successful vocal organization of Orange." 

The Orange Mendelssohn Union was organized in i88r. Tiie men who were chiefly instrumental 
in starting it were Philip Ward, Frank W. Baldwin, D. H. McCoy, L. D. Harrison and T. J. Smith. 
The first meeting was held in Upper Music Hall, October 3, 1881. Henry Folsom was elected the first 
President and served for two years. Frank W. Baldwin was its first Secretary. Forty-two applications 
were filed for membership of the chorus, which was increased to si.xty-three when the first rehearsal was 
held on October 17. Membership fees of $, for gentlemen and S--5o for ladies were established, with 
$8 for associate membership, wliich included gentleman and lady. The first public rehearsal was held 
on November 26, when the Misses Root, daughters of George F. Root, the celebrated composer, sung 
duets. Four public rehearsals were given the first .reason. Grand orchestra was introduced the second 
seas )n, when Von Weber's melodrama, " Preciosa," was given. At the second concert Mendelssohn's 
Forty-second Psalm — "As Pants the llait" — was produced, and at the fourth concert, Gade's "Crusad- 
ers" was the chief work. In the fall of 1885 '^ became necessary to reorganize the society on a new 
basis, the previous [jlan of giving concerts and charging admission having been found too precarious to 
dei)end upon. It was therefore decidetl to adopt tlie subsciiplinn plan and sell no tickets at the door. 
The associate membership fee was fi.xed at $10, which has since been raised to $15. Mr. John O. Heakl 
was elected the first President and has remained continuously in that position since its reorganization, 
antl to his energy and devotion, seconded by Mr. F. W. H.iKlwin, Albert E. Schoch, I"". G. Handel, I). 
Axford V'anliorne and the late Charles Hall, the success of the .Mendelssohn Union is largely due. 
Reinhold L. Herman was the first conductor, continuing until 1887, and was succeeded by Frank \'an 
der Stucken, who remained one year, when Arthur Mees took the leadership. 

As an indication, in a measure, of the character of the work accomplished b\- the Mendelssohn 
Union, it may be mentioned that its library catalogue embraces over 150 titles, a few of those most 
prominent being: ".Messiah," Handel; " Creatiot)," Haydn: "St. Paul," " Lorely," "i!4th Psalm," 
"As Pants the Hart," b\- Mendelssohn ; " Re([uiem," Verdi ; "Requiem," Mozart: " Stabat Mater," 



THii Founders and Bciidkrs ok the Okanges. 



= J3 



Rossini, ;iiul " Prcciosa," Von Weber. The present officers of the society are: President, John O. 
Heald; N'in-President, D. A. V'anhornc; Secretary, Spencer S. Marsh; Treasurer, Kdward L. Kellogy: 
Librarian, Alfred C. Bode. Tiio Music Committee is composed of A. E. Schoch, V. G. Handel, Frank 
W. Baldwin, John Gill. W. J. Hall. The Advisory Committee, representing Orange. East, West and 
South Orange, is as follows: Edward W. Ashley. William Barr. Carl E. Billqvist, W. A. Brewer, Oliver 
S. Carter, George T. Dixon, G. W. Fortmeyer, William M. Franklin, Louis U. Gallison, Thomas Keck, 
Samuel Lcc, Dr. William Mason, R. P. McDougall. William G. M..hr, James C. Pettit, Edward E. 
Quimhy, James E. Reynolds, Charles S. Root, Dr. I. L. Seward. Albert D. Smith, Charles A. Sterling, 
D. S. Walton. 




CHAPTER XVr. 

BENEVOLENT AND CHARITABLE ORGANIZATIONS, LODGES, 

CLUBS, ETC. 




OKANCiE ORPHAN SOCIETY; MK.MiiKIAL HOSPITAL: TRAINING SCHOOL FOR NURSES; HOUSE OF 

THE GOOD SHEPHERD; BUREAU OF ASSOCIATED CHARITIES; MASONIC AND ODD FELLOWS 

LODGES; TEMPERANCE ORGANIZATU)NS; BENEFICIARY SOCIETIES; UZAL DODD POST, 

G. A. R.; WOMAN'S CLUB; ORANGE CLUB; ORANGE ATHLETIC CLUB; 

RIDING AND DRIVING CLUB; COUN IRY CLUB, ETC. 

^I-IANGE Orphan Socimv. The first meeting for the organization of this society was 
held at the house of Mrs. Kingsley, on Day Street, December ii, 1854. By request, 
Mrs. Theron Baldwin acted as President. The following persons were elected a Board 
of Managers: Mrs. Samuel Hurlburt, Mrs. S. W. Hillyer, Mrs. J. D. Lindsiey, Mrs. 
Dr. Habbilt, Mrs. Stephen Condit, Mrs. William Bodwell, Mrs. C. Shepard, Mrs. 
Stephen Peck, Mrs. Marcus Wilbur, Mrs. Moses Reynolds, Mrs. P. J. Bodwell, Mrs. 
Cheveral Condit, Mrs. Owen Ross, Mrs. Frederick Reimer, Mrs. Stephen Dodd, Miss 
Eliza Hillyer, Miss Margaret Williams, Miss Phehe Harrison and Miss Eliza Babbitt. 
Within the first month after the organization of the society two orphans were sent from 
Orange to the Newark Orjihan Asylum and pro\isions were made for their support until 
other arrangements could be made. This plan was continued for some ten years or 

more before the society acquired any property. At a meeting held in February, 1865, it was decided 

to make an effort to obtain a lot in Orange 

on which to erect a suitable building. In 

1868 Mr. Caleb Baldwin deeded the plot 

of ground on Harrison Street on which 

the asylum stands, to the Orange Orphan 

Society, upon condition that a building 

should be erected thereon within three 

years, a failure to comply with which 

would be a forfeiture of the gift. Three 

years previous to this, at a meeting held 

April 13, 1S65, in anticipation of receiving 

a building site, the following gentlemen 

were elected a Board of Trustees : Dr. Wil- 
liam Pierson, Jr., Messrs. Thomas, Steele, 

Stickler, O'Neil and Samuel Colgate. In 

January, 1868, Mrs. Samuel Colgate and 

Mrs. David N. Ropes were appointed a 

committee to solicit subscriptions, and 

Messrs. Stickler and Colgate were ap- 
pointed a Building Committee. Through the efforts of the above-mentioned and other ladies a 

sufficient sum was raised to begin operations and comply with the provisions named in the deed of gift 

of the land. 

The fifteenth annual meeting of the society was held at the North Baptist Church, in Orange, on 




OKANUK ORPHAN S HOMK. 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 237 

October 14, 1869, attendeil by seventy-five persons. Tlic report showed that the society had at that 
time in charge seventeen orphans. Si.xty four orjjhans liad been cared for by the society during tlic 
fifteen years of its existence \\\) to tli.it time. The ladies of the society resorted to various means to 
raise the necessary funds to carry forward the work, and through fairs and other entertainments tliey 
rai.sed nearly the whole cost of the building, amounting to over §26,000. On the 12th of January, 1871, 
the building was dedicated with appropriate ceremonies. The building is of brick, three stories high, 
Mansard roof, surmounted by a cupola; the trimmings are of I'hiladelpiiia brick. The society was 
incorporated by act of the Legislature in 1869, under the name of The Orange Ori)iian Society, tiic 
object of which is the "care, support and instruction of orphans and friendless children and training 
thein to habits of industry, etc." Sections I and 7 are as follows: 

" I . Be it enacted by the Seimle and Genera/ Assembly of the State of New Jersey, That M rs. M arcus 
Wilbur, Mrs. Samuel Colgate, Mrs. Theron 15aldwin, Mrs Alexander H. Freeman, Mrs. Hoyce, Mrs. 
Daniel F. Colic, Mrs. 11. I'. Fessenden, Mrs. Jared Kirtland, Mrs. Moses Reynolds, Mrs. Hethuel 
Harrison, Mrs. Philander J. Hodwell, Mrs. Cheveral Condit, Mrs. David O'Neill, Mrs. Aaron Carter, Jr., 
Miss Caroline Baldwin, Miss I'hcbc J. Mulford, Miss Maria Harrison, Miss Riioda Harrison, Miss Jane 
F. Hillyerand Miss Martha Mar\in, and all such persons as now are or may be hereafter associated 
with them and their successors, shall be antl they are hereby constituted a body politic aiul corporate in 
fact, name and law, by the name of ' The Orange Orphan Society,' etc." 

Section 7 proviiles "That it shall be the duty of said Board of Trustees (referred to in Section 6) to 
appoint annually an Advisory Committee of five gentlemen who shall be consulted b)- said board in 
reference to all matters of importance touching the property affairs of said corporation, and that tlie 
following-named persons shall constitute the first Advisory Committee, viz.: D. N. Ropes, Joseph 
Stickler, William Pierson, Jr., Henry N. Beach and Henry P. Fessenden." 

There is no institution in which tlie people of the Oranges take a deeper interest than in the 
Orphan's Home, and as the population has increased the inmates of the Home have increased in 
proportion. The records show that about five hundred children have been under the care of the society 
since it took possession of the Harrison Street Home. The names of the se\eral ladies who have filled 
the various offices of this institution since its organization are as follows: First Directors or Presidents. 
— Mrs. Samuel L. Hurlbut. 1854 to 1859; Mrs. Theron Baldwin, 1859 to 1871 ; Mrs. Samuel Colgate, 
1871 to 1891 ; Mrs. James S. Clark, 1892 to 1895; Mrs. A. O. Field, still in office. Second Directors or 
Vice-Presidents.— Mrs. Marcus Wilbur, 1854 to 1S65 ; Mrs. Samuel Colgate, 1865 to 1S71 ; Mrs. Albert 
Mann, 1871 to 1886; Miss A. H. Root, Mrs. J. S. Clark, Mrs. C. B. Vardley, 1890. Secretary.— Mr.s. 
Theron Balduin, 1S54 to 1859; ^^'^^^ Martha Marvin, 1859 to 1867: Mrs. J. Sheldon, 1867 to 1868; Miss 
N. E. Means, 1868 to 1885 ; ^I'ss Anna Lowrie, 1885, still in office. Treasurer.— Mrs. Moses Reynolds. 
1854 to 1866; Miss Phebe Mulford, 1S66 to 1S67 ; Mrs. A. H. Freeman. 1867 to 1869; Mrs. J. L. Blake, 
186910 1876: Mrs. P. M. Myers, 187610 1877; Miss R. F. Morse, 1^77 to iSSi ; Mrs. William Pierson, 
1881 to 1886; Mrs. L. S. Baker, 1886, still in ofifice. 

Memorial Hostital and Tr.mning School for Nurses. Probably no institution ever estab- 
lished in the Oranges has been more heartily appreciated or met with a more generous support than 
the above named. The need of such an institution was felt and the subject discussed early in the 
sixties. In 1861 Mrs A. T. E. Kirthnul offered to defray the expenses and establi.sh a dispensary if a 
suitable place could be obtained. As there was no place available for such a purpose the generous offer 
of Mrs. Kirtland could not be accepted and the scheme died out. Early in 1S63, Messrs. William 
Hegeman, the druggist, of New York, Jabez H. Hazard, of West Orange, and William A. Gellatly, of 
Schieffelin & Co., New York, offered to stock a dispensary with drugs and all other necessaries if a 
proper room could be obtained, and the physicians of Orange would give the necessary attendance. 
Peter Gerbert offered a room for the use of the dispensary in the upper story of the building adjoining 
his bakerv, and Drs. L. M. Crane, F. D. Bennett, William Pierson, Jr., and Stephen Wickes pledged 



238 



THii Founders and Builders of the Oranges 



their services. Arrangements were quickly made and on January 26, 1863, the doors of tlie dispensary 
were opened. Tlie room was open from 12 to i daily and one of the [aliysicians named was always in 
attendance. The dispensary accomplished much good, but with the revival of manufactures and trade 
consequent upon the large army contracts that were given out and the general stimulation of the 
industrial life of the nation, its need was not so urgent, and it was finally closed on July 16, 1864. 
During its existence several hundred patients were treated. 

No further steps were taken in this direction until 1873, altliough desultory discussions of the 
general subject were held from time to time. Earl}' in that year John G. Vose, of Montrose, whose 
interest in such a project had been strongly enlisted, called a preliminary meeting at his house to 
consider the propriety of establishing a hospital in Orange. At this meeting were present Henry A. 
Page, William A. Brewer, Jr., Dr. William Pierson, Jr., and Dr. Stephen Wickes, besides Mr. Vose 

himself. Several sub- 
sequent meetings 
were held at Mr. 
Vose's house, other 
gentlemen were inter- 
ested in the matter 
and final!)- the Mem- 
orial Hospital and 
Dispensary was incor- 
porated on April 4, 
1873. On June 5 of 
the same year the 
incorporators organ- 
ized by electing the 
following Board of 
Officers : President, 
John G. Vose ; Vice- 
President, Gardner R. 
Colby; Secretary; 
George P. Kingsley, 
'Treasurer, John L. Blake. On June 6, 1873, the Common Council gave unanimous consent to the use 
for dispensary purposes of the unoccupied engine house on Lincoln Avenue, near the railroad. This 
was at once fitted up for occupancy and opened on July 2 as a public dispensary. October 2, 1873, tiie 
regular election of the Board of Control came and the following — the first regularly elected Board — was 
chosen : From Orange. — Edward Austen, Samuel Colgate, George J. P'erry, George 1^. Kingsley, 
Charles J. Prescott, William Pierson, Jr., John L. Blake, Aaron Carter, Jr.. Henry A. Howe, David 
Dodd and Ambrose M. Matthews ; from East Orange. — A. M. Knight. Elias O. Doremus. Gardner R. 
Colby and John N. Whiting; from West Orange. — D. M. l^abcock and H. B. Auchincloss; from 
South Orange. — ilenrv .V Page, John \'an \'echten, William A. Brewer, Jr., and John (j. \'ose. 

The Board met a week later and re-elected the first Board of Of^cers, to serve for the years 1873-4. 
In the meantime it was felt that the direct management of the dispensary and iiospital came properly 
within the scope of woman's work and that to insure the ultimate success of the project the active 
sympathy of the ladies of the Oranges was necessary. A society was accordingly organized September 
22, 1873, under the name of the Ladies' Au-xiliary Society of the Memorial Hospital and Dispensary, 
whose object as stated in the by-laws was '" to supervise domestic arrangements, investigate all 
complaints, solicit subscriptions and donations and look after the general welfare of the patients." 
Its officers were the following: President, Mrs. Edward Austen; Vice-President, Mrs. George Willis; 
Treasurer, Mrs. Benjamin Douglass; Secretary, Mrs. Watson Matthews. 




Ml.MiiKIAI. HilSI'ITAl, .\NL) TRAINING SCHOOL FOR NURSES, OR.\NGE. 



Tmk Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 239 

Ml. Vose died on March 18, 1874. and with his dcatli the iujspital lost one of its most earnest and 
iiiitiiin.i,r workers, to whose energy, perhaps, more was due than to any other single person. Mr. Vose 
was tlic originator of the name " Memorial." It was at first intended to give the institution no specially 
distinctive name, but simply call it the Orange Hospital. This was objected to by some on the ground 
that it was not specific enough. Then the suggesti(jn of "Memorial" was made by Mr. Vose and a 
number of his friends suggested that it should be so called in memory of Mrs. Vose, who had died 
during the preceding year. Mr. Vose opposed such a specific appropriation of the name, preferring 
that the name " Memorial" should be a generic one, giving an opportunity for all to endow specific 
beds or wards or build pavilions and additions in memory of their loved and lost. The Ladies' Society 
took hold of the work so actively that gradually the original society of gentlemen withdrew more and 
more from the active management and finally ceased active work entirely, leaving the entire manage- 
ment in the hands of the ladies. On May 1, 1874, a building was hired on the corner of Lincoln 
Avenue and Minton Place, at a rental of §900, the gentlemen's society assuming the responsibility for 
the same. After some necessary alterations and repairs the Memorial Hospital and Dispensarj- was 
opened for the reception of patients about the middle of July, with the following medical and surgical 
staff: Drs. William I'ierson, Jr.. J. \V. Corson, Stephen Wickes, William J. Chandler, E. B. Thomjjson, 
John W. Lloyd and Frank Wilmartli. From the very start the hospital proved a success and enlisted 
the sympathy of tlic community. Vcar by year, as its work progressed, its hold on the affections of 
the people broadened and deepened, it being one of the few objects of charity for which the people's 
purse was alwaj-s oi^en and to whose appeals the masses never turned a deaf ear. 

In December, 1877, Joseph W. Stickler offered a lot on Essex Avenue, the present site of the hos- 
pital, and $1,000 in cash, subsequently increa.sed to §5 000, towards the building of a new hospital. To 
avail themselves of this very liberal offer, re-organization was necessary. The Ladies' Society, being only 
an au.xiliary of the now practically defunct Gentlemen's Society, had no legal existence, and an incorpora- 
tion was nece.ssary to enable it to hold property. On May 9, 1878, the association was incorporated as 
the Orange Memorial Hospital, with the following ladies as incorporators: Mary M. Austen, Annie L. 
Baldwin, Rebecca R. Banta, Angeline N. Blake, Julia Bulkley, Sarah S. Carter, Martha Colby, Elizabeth 
M. Colgate, Susan M. Corson, Katherine M. Freeman, Ellen M. Gill, Sarah R. Halsey, Rachel Hedden, 
Georgiana L. , Heckscher, Anna T. E. Kirtland, Mary F. Luff, Elizabeth J. Martin, Augusta B. 
Matthews, Callista S. Mayhew, Sarah Martin, Anna W. Myers, Maria C. I'age, Isabel F. Pierson. Anne 
Pierson, A. Maria Rollinson, Augusta C. Small, Charlotte Stickler, C. Matilda Van Wagenen, Sarah L. 
Van Vechten, Adele Wetmore, Maria E. Williams, Harriet E. Willis, Mary H. Wolf. 

Active steps were at once taken by the Building Committee towards the erection of a suitable 
building and obtaining the rcijuisite funds wherewith to do it. Liberal donations and gifts were made 
and plans and estimates were prepared. It was ft)und that to carry them out would require an expendi- 
ture of about §31,000. The original lot donated by Mr. Stickler was on Esse.x Avenue and did not 
extend to Henry Street. The corner lot was therefore purchased by the board, giving the grounds a 
frontage on both streets. The plans for a building were drawn by S. D. Hatch, a New York architect, 
and on June 27, 1881, ground was broken and the work begun, and the completed hospital was formally 
opened on May 25, 1882. During 1882 the dispensarj' building, which had been donated to the hospital 
by the Common Council, was removed to its present location on Henry Street, and a pavilion for fevers 
and contagious diseases was built. The people of the Oranges responded nobly in the matter of 
furnishing the new house and nearly all the furniture and appliances were donated by friends of the 
institution. In March, 18S4, the name of the Board of Managers was changed to that of the Board of 
Governors, to agree with the requirements of the State statutes, and during this same year the maternity 
cottage for lying-in patients was erected a cost of about S425. In December, 1S87, Mr. John Burke 
donated SlO,000, in addition to a previous donation of $1,500, for the building of a special pavilion to 
be known as the E. F. Burke pavilion. Plans were drawn by Mr. Charles A. Giflord and work was 
commenced in May, 1888, and the building completed in December following. Several beds in the new 



340 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



■S- 



buildiii" have been provided for annually by private donations and by Grace Episcopal, Trinit}' ConLjre- 
gational, First Presbyterian and other churches; also by the city of Orange and the township of 
West Orange. 

A Memorial Pavilion for Consumptives was added in 1896 by Mr. F. M. Shepard, in memory of his 
son, Joseph M., who died in the autumn previous. The corner-stone of the building was laid in 
January, 1896. It is a frame building, 32 x 57 feet, two stories high, and one of the most modern and 
thoroughly sanitary hospital buildings in New Jersey. Entrance is from the enclosed verandas m the 
liurke pa\ilion. A sun veranila, ten feet wide and enclosed with glass, extends around the south and 
east sides of the building on both floors, thus enabling the inmates to promenade in fine weather 
without fear of cold or dampness. Especial attention has been given to the heating and ventilating 
apparatus, so that at all times an even temperature may be maintained. The main front on Esse.v 
Avenue is broken by four flat pilasters which run from the water table to the ornamental frieze, which 
bears the inscription, ••Joseph M. Shepard Pavilion." This is surmounted by an ornamental panel 
with a cross and crown surrounded with laurel leaves. Every conceivable arrangement for the comtort, 
health and convenience of the inmates has been made. The architect is Joseph M. Dodd, who has 
desi"-ned a number of public buildings in Essex County. The cost of the pavilion was about SiO,000. 

The ambulance which is run in 
connection with the hospital is fur- 
nished by a Hoard of Trustees, com- 
posed of young men who started a 
paper called the Ri-cottf, and aftei 
closing the publication of the paper 
the)' purchased the ambulance which 
they calletl the Ricord Aiiibulancc, 
and this is still maintained by them, 
they paying all expenses. This Hoard 
of Trustees is composed of Allerton 
I). Hitch, Harry G. Churr, Arthur 
C. Zimmerman, William H. Aborn 
and Farnham Yardley. 

The following persons iiave 
ser\ed as members of the Hoard of 
Ofificers since the organization of 
the Ladies' Society: Presidents. — 
Mrs. Edward Austen, 1873 to 1876; Mrs. George Willis, 1877; Miss M.irtin, 1878-9; .Mrs. Edward 
Austen, 1881 ; Mrs. John Van Vechten, 1882-3, 1884-5; Mrs. John H. Van Wagenen, 18S4-5 ; Mrs- 
William Picrson, 1886-7-8; Mrs. Charlotte A Sterling, Mrs. Edward W. Ashley. Vice-Presidents.— 
Mrs. George Willis, 1873 to 1877; Mrs. Edward Austen, 1878; Miss Wetmore, 1879-80; Mrs. Peter 
Wolt. Jr., 1881 ; Mrs. A. T. E. Kirtland, 1882 to 1884; Mrs. George H. Hacon. 1885-6; Mrs. Charles A. 
Sterling, 1887-8 ; Mrs. George A. Vail, Mrs. Charles A. Sterling. Treasurers.— Mrs Benjamin Douglass, 
1873-4-5; Mrs. Peter Wolt, Jr., 1876-7; Mrs. C. C. Whitney, 1878 to 1881 ; Mrs. W. L. Shreve, 1882 
to 1884; Mrs. Richard Russell, 1885; Miss Ella Speir, 18S6; Mrs. J. McMorrow, 1887; Mrs. Henry 
W. J. S. Cooke. Assistant Treasurers.— Mrs. Peter Wolt, Jr., 1885-6-7 ; Miss Lotta L. Iddings, 1886-7; 
Miss Annie Lowrie, 1888; Mrs. Henry W. J. S. Cooke. Secretaries.- Mrs. Watson Matthews, 1873 to 
1882; Miss H. C. Allen, 1877, 1883 to 1888; Miss Maria E. Williams, 1SS3 to 188S. Assistant Secre- 
taries.— Miss Ruth Marsh, 1887; Mrs. Thomas S. P. Fitch, 1888; Mrs. Harriet Whittingham. 

Tr.MNINc; Sciiooi. for Nurses. This in.stitution was a necessary outgrowth of the Memorial 
Hospital. A plan was submitted to the Medical Society on June 20, 1882, for a system of pupil 
nurses to be trained in the hospital. It was the first school of the kind in the State and provided for a 




Tiiii Founders and Hr ii.dkks or tiik Granges. 



241 



two years' course. Pupils were received for one month on probation and if they proved satisfactory, 
signed a contract agreeing to serve the entire time. A small payment was made to them each month, 
their board and tuition were to be free, and the course included instruction in all matters pertaining t<» 
the care of the sick and disabled. The experiment proved a success and during the presidency of Mrs. 
John B. Van Wagenen, in 1884, that lady earnestly advocated the separation of the training school 
from the hospital and its organization into a separate institution to which the hosjjital should pay proper 
compensation for the services of the nurses. A separate Hoard of Governors of eighteen ladies were 
chosen to direct the affairs of the school. Of these eighteen ladies, thirteen were governors of tiie 
hospital as well, thus insuring full sympathy between the management of the two institutions. A 
lot of land adjoining the hospital property on Henry Street was donated by Mrs. Henry A. Howe. 
Robert Stephenson donated plans and specifications and a building was erected which was formally 
opened May 8, I0S5, wiiich was enlarged in if'Sj to meet the increasing demands. Nurses of large 
experience ha\c hail charge of the institution since it was first oi)cncd and not only has the hospital 
been kept constant!}- supplied with well-trained nurses who were graduated from the Training School, 
but quite a number of graduates have been sent to other fields of labor and have filled important 
positions in tliffcrcnt parts of the country, and one left here to go as a missionary to Siam. 

The following ladies have filled the various positions connected with this institution since it was 
opened: Presidents.— Mrs. John Petit, 1884 to 1889: Mrs. J. Walter Wood, 189O to 1896. Vice- 
Presidents: Mrs. Margaret H. Pierson, 1884 to 1887; Mrs. John L. Seward, 18S8 to 1P96. Secretaries: 
Mrs. Horace W. Fowler, 1886-7; Mrs. James C. Payles, 1888 to 1891 ; Miss M. H. Pierson, 1892; Mrs. 
Edward Steinbach, 1893 to 1896. Treasurers: Mrs. A. Lyman Knight, 1886; Mrs. F. C. Ogden, Jr., 
1887; Mrs. W. A. Brewer. Jr., 1888 to 1896. 



/> 



Jk 



House of THK Good SheI'IIEKD. The name and purpose of this institution as set forth in its 
Articles of Organiza- 
tion, is "a home for 
convalescents — foraged 
and infirm members of 
the church— as a tem- 
porary home for friend- 
less girls and children 
and fur the care of 
maternit}- patients, and 
shall be known as the 
House of the Good 
Shepherd." This insti- 
tution owes its existence 
to a similar enterprise 
which was started in 
1881, known as a "Home 
for C o n \' a 1 e s c e n t s," 
which failed after about 
a 3'ear's trial because 
there were not convales- 
cents enough to be 
charitably cared for in 
the neighborhooil. It 

failed, however, under circumstances that e.xcited the warm .sympathies of a few who had stood by it 
toward the capable woman who started it, all of these, including the woman, being members of the 




' y fill 



HOUSK OF THE Giiiin 



242 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

Episcopal church. The question came up with these good women what they could do to relieve sister 
Sylvia, as she was known, whose means were all tied up in the enterprise, and what, if any, charitable 
thing could be done with the household material of which her means consisted. The clergy of three 
parishes was called in and it was determined then and there that what the church wanted was a home 
for its acred and infirm pensioners. They then purcliased the furniture, etc., of the lady, and the House 
of the Good Shepherd was duly organized under the control and direction of the clergy and women of 
St. Mark's Church of the Holy Communion, South Orange, Grace Church, of Orange, and Christ 
Church, of East Orange, each parish to be entitled to three representatives on the Managing Board. 
Rev. Dr. Williams, of St. Mark's Church, was the President. The Managing Board consisted of Rev. 
James A. Williams, D. D., Rev. William Richmond, Rev. Henry V. Deegan, and Rev. Horace S. Bishop. 
A house was rented on Mt. \'ernon Avenue for about a year and from that time until 1891 a house 
was rented near the Valley station. In 1891 a lot was purchased on Henry Street adjoining the grounds 
of the Memorial Hospital, at a cost of $4,000, and a fine building, costing $12,000, erected thereon. 
Comfortable accommodations have been provided for all tiie inmates, the house being furnished entirely 
by voluntary gifts. When the inmates are able, a moderate charge is made for board, otherwise the 
entire expenses of the institution are met by the voluntary contributions of the several parishes. 
Endowments have been made from time to time amounting to a few thousand dollars. Francis Randall 
left $5,000 to the institution and two other endowments of $1,000 each have been received. In 1889 
the ladies of tlie several parishes held a Rainbow Bazaar, which netted some $2,000. In 1895 St. Mark's 
parish withdrew, leaving the management to the other three parishes mentioned. The present officers 
of the institution are : President, Rev. Anthony Schuyler, D. D.; Vice-President, Rev. Samuel H. 
Bishop; Treasurer, William R. Howe; Chaplain, Rev. Alexander Mann; Physician, George Bayles, M. D. 

Orange Bureau OE Associated Chakiites. The charitable organization known as the Orange 
Bureau of Associated Charities was first organized in the winter of 1879-80, under the name of the 
Bureau of Registration, which name was retained until 18S3 when its title was changed. It was for 
.some years under the management of ladies representing thirteen Protestant churches in the Oranges, 
as follows: First Presbyterian, North Baptist, St. Mark's Episcopal, Grace Episcopal, Central Presby- 
terian, Brick Church (Presbyterian), First Presbyterian (or Munn Avenue), of East Orange, First 
Methodist, First Reformed, Trinity Congregational, Valley Congregational, Christ Episcopal and the 
New Church. The object of the organization at this time, as stated, was "To see that the deserving 
cases of destitution are properly relieved ; to make employment the basis of relief and inculcate habits 
of self-dependence, self-respect and industry; to prevent indiscriminate and duplicate giving; to secure 
the community from imposture; to reduce vagrancy and pauperism by ascertaining their cause and 
removing it when possible." The society changed its headquarters several times, being located in a 
building in Park Street, near Main, for about two years. In the summer of 1883, through the munifi- 
cence of Mr. Robert F. Westcott, the society came in possession of their present quarters in Essex 
Street, near Main. Mr. Westcott purchased the property and building and, at a considerable expense, 
improved and graded the surrounding grounds, repaired the building and donated the whole to the 
society for the benefit of the pour of Orange. 

From the beginning of this enterprise the people of the Oranges have given it their most generous 
sujjport and there has been no lack of willing workers, especially among the ladies, who have been 
untiring in their efforts to relieve the needy and distressed. As the work increased it became necessary 
to have an Advisory Board of gentlemen to assist in the general management of the society's affairs. 
Various plans have been adopted from year to year to aid those in need and to give encouragement to 
such as were willing to work and help support themselves. Idleness and beggary were discouraged and 
every applicant for help, unless prevented by sickness or disease, was requested to do something. A 
Special Relief Committee was appointed by the Bureau in 1893, its aim being to supply work to the 
ready, and when that was not possible, to supply the necessaries instead of contributing money, medical 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 243 

attciulaiicc, muses, medicine ami noiirisliing food, and in a few instances special appliances were 
fiiinislicd free of cost. A i)rinted report for April, 1894, notes the fact that in January of that year a 
wood yard was opened w liich gave temporary employment to 476 men, of whom 113 were without 
depenilents, and 363 had 992 persons dependent on them. In all. 2,552 days' work- were given, for which 
§2,380.97 was was paid in money and S<')5--25 "'i groceries. The different nationalities represented among 
these laborers showed: Americans (white), 83; colored, 130; Irish, 168; German, 44; English, 25; 
Italian, 12; Scandinavian, 3; Scotch, 5; French, 2; Bohemian, 2. This report shows further that a lodg- 
ing-house established by the committee in the Valley, accommodated 897 persons and work was re(iuired 
of all lodgers in sifting ashes, splitting wood. etc. As the work of this bureau increased it became neces- 
sary to adopt new methods, and it was found that its usefulness and efficiency would be greatly 
enhanced if the executive offices in the institution could be filled by business men. The Advisory 
Board, at its meeting in February, 1894, recommended certain changes which resulted in a reorganization 
of the bureau. The objects of the bureau, as set forth in the revised constitution, are: "To raise the 
needy above tlie need of relief, prevent begging and imjjosition and diminish pauperism ; to encourage 
thrift, self-dependence and industry through friendly intercourse, advice and sympathy, and to aid the 
poor to help themselves; to prevent children growing up as paupers; to aid in the diffusion of 
knowledge on subjects connected with the relief of the poor, etc." 

Article I of the b)'-laws defines the membership as follows: " I. Fxofticio, His Honor tlie Mayor, 
the Chief of Police, the Overseer of the Poor, the President of the Board of Health and the City 
Physician of the city of Orange; the Chairman of the Township Committee, the Chief of Police, the 
Overseer of the Poor, the President of the Board of Health, the Township Physician of the townships 
of East Orange. West Orange and South Orange respective!)- ; the President, the Cliairman of the 
Police Committee and the Health Inspector of the village of South Orange ; the ministers of all churches 
and the presidents of all charitable organizations in the city or townships, and the President of the 
New England Society. 2. Of the members of any district conference. 3. Of all persons who are 
annual contributors of two dollars or more, or who have contributed fifty dollars at any one time to 
the funds of the society." The officers of the society for 1895-96 are: President, Bleecker Van 
Wagenen ; First Vice President, Edward M. Colie ; Second Vice-President, Daviil Bingham; Recording 
Secretary, W.ilter I. McCoy; Corresponding Secretary, AUerton D. Hitch; Treasurer, William M. 
Franklin. 

SECRET AND BENEVOLENT ORG.ANIZATIONS.-MASONIC LODGES. 

The Ancient Order of Free and Accepted Masons is the oldest of all secret societies in this 
country, and the first attempt to introduce the Order in this country was made by Hon. Daniel Co.x, a 
son of "the great proprietor." Barker, in his "Early History of Masonry in New York, says: "The 
valuable labors of committees named by the Grand Lodges of Massachusetts, Pennsylvania and New 
Jersey have demonstrated the fact that the first appointment of a Provincial Grand Master in this 
country was issued to \\.\ W.-. Daniel Coxe, of New Jersey." 

Union Lodge, No. ii, F. &. A. M. This was the first lodge ever established in Essex County 
outside of Newark. It was chartered November 14, 1809, as Union Lodge, No. 21, F'. & A. M. Its 
charter prescribed that its regular comnuinications should be held alternately in Orange and Bloomfield, 
two years in each place. The charter members were: Jeptha Baldwin, Alexander Wilson, Matthias 
Smith, Stephen D. Day, Joseph Munn, Nathaniel H. Baldwin, Samuel M. Dodd, Abraham Winans, 
Frederick Gruet, Amos Williams, Joel Dunham, Sainml B. Williams, Moses Condit. Jr., Daniel Beach, 
Jr., Linus Baldwin, Samuel Harrison, Jr., John Ward, Benjamin Lindsley, John Purves, Jeptha Crane, 
Simeon Baldwin, Moses Harrison, Peter Doremus, Peter Gruet, Edward Gruet, Samuel Baldwin, William 
W. Baldwin, Stephen Tichenor. The first oflficers installed at the constitution of the lodge, December 
28, 1809, were: Jeptha Baldwin, W. M.; Alexander Wilson. S. W.; AKatthias Smith, J. W.; Stephen D. 
Day, Treasurer; William W. Baldwin, Secretary; Stephen Tichenor. S. D.; Moses Condit, Jr., J. D.; 



244 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



Simeon Baldwin, M. of C; Abraham Winans, Henjamin Lindsley, Stewards; Linus Baldwin, Tyler. 
The lodge met in the old Academy building, which stood on the site of the present Second National 
Bank, and continued to hold its regular communications there until the erection of the first Masonic 
Hall. The corner-stone of the Masonic Hall was laid on June 25, 1827, and the building dedicated on 
December 27, following. Under the original charter the lodge held its last communication in this hall, 
April 6, 1830. 

About this time, owing to the excitement which grew out of the abduction of Morgan, in the 
western part of New York State, a strong anti-Masonic feeling was aroused throughout the whole 
country, and hundreds of lodges were obliged to suspend work. Union Lodge among the others. Its 
charter was revoked and no attempt was made to reorganize until 1846, when application was made to 
the Grand Lodge of New Jersey for a new charter; this was granted under the name of Union Lodge, 
No. 1 1, on January J/, 1846. Work was resumed in the old lodge room and for half a century the lodge 
has enjoyed a remarkable degree of prosperity. In 1886 Union Lodge decided to build a larger and 
more enduring building to replace the old Masonic Temple. The plans were drawn by Joseph M. Dodd 
and the corner-stone was laid on June 24, 1886, and the building was dedicated on the i6lh of 
November following. It is an im[)osing brick structure, three stories high. The facade is of Phila- 
delphia pressed brick, with terra cotta trimmings. On the first story are the post ofifice and stores, and 
a broad entrance-way opening upon the staircase leading to the upper stories. On the second floor are 
offices, lodge rooms, etc. The cost of the building was about §50,000. 

The men who filled the position of Worshipful Master of this lodge during its early history were 
among the most prominent citizens of Orange. Jeptha Baldwin, the first W. M., served from 1810 to 
1817, inclusive; Stephen I). Day, 181S; Daniel Babbitt, 1819; Jeptha Baldwin, 1820 to 1822; Amos 

Harrison, 1823; Daniel Babbitt, 1824; Amos A. Harrison, 
1825 to 1830; (Lodge suspended work for sixteen years). 
Philip Kingsley, 1846; Ichabod Harrison, 1847-8; Philip 
Kingsley, 1849; J<'li'i M- Condit, 1850-51 ; Simeon Harri- 




A 



I 



son, 1852-3; George A. Dodd, 1S54; William M. Babbitt, 
1855; William B. Williams, 1856; William P. Condit, 1857; 
Isaac L. \'an Orden, 1858-9; Hiram Inglesbe, i860; 
Edward H. Ensign, 1861-2; Ezekiel B. Smith, 1863; 
Simeon Harrison, 186^; John W. Lees, 1865; Jesse 
Williams, 1866; Joseph Glasner, 1867; Joseph M. Dodd, 
1868-9; Walter E. Smith, 1870; F"rederick W. Morris, 
1871-2; Thomas O. Ayres, 1873; Augustus W. Coon, 
1874-5; James Robotham, 1876-7; Miles A. Hanchctt, 
1878-79-80; Robert E. Parsons. 1881; John Edwards, 
18S3; Edwin \V. Hiiie, 1884; J. Frank Smith, 1886: 
William Stalker, 1887; Daniel Kavanaugh, 1889; William 
Parkinson, 1890-91; Stuart C. Smith, 1892-3; A. H. 
Sherman, 1894; Charles E. Williams, 1895. The regular 
communications are held on the second and fourth Tlniis- 
days in each month. 

The present officers of the lodge are ; Moses L. 
Gans, W. M.; Fred. J. Teulon, S. W.; Edward A. Pearson, 
J. W.; Charles E. Williams, P. M., Treasurer ; Thomas O. Ayres, P. M., Secretary ; Rev. Charles H. Mann, 
Chaplain ; Charles Pearce, S. D.; Fred. R. Romer, J. D.; Daniel Kavanaugh, P. M., Marshal ; Robert 
C. Lumsden, S. M. S.; George C. Berg, J. M. S.; George M. Hankins, S. S.; Henry Stetson, J. S ; J. O. B. 
Harrison, Organist ; James P. Williams, Tyler. 

Corinthian Lodge, No. 57, F. & A. M., was chartered January 10, 1861. Its charter members 



1 5"3"rr'r 






.-^ '* % 



MASONIC HAM., ORANGE. 



The Founders and Builders of hie Oranges. 245 

wore: Aiidiew Jiritton, Edward I), ricison, Elias O. Doicmus, Chauncy Y. Williams, Edward B- 
VVliiting, James M. Ward, Edward Gardner, Leander Williams, George A. Mcrwin, Girard Williams, 
Horace Freeman. The first officers of the lodge were: Andrew Britton, W. M.; Edward D. Picrson, 
S. W., and Edward B. Whiting. J. W. Those who have filled the position of W. M. since its organiza- 
tion are: Andrew Britton, 1861 ; Edwin B. Whiting, 1862; James P. Burton, 1S63; George A. Merwin, 
1864; Edwin B. Whiting, i?65; Edward D. Pierson, 1S66-67; John H. Myers, 1868: Augustus T. 
Grinstcd, 1869; James P. Burton, 1870; Charles W. Banta, 1871 ; William Green, 1872; Warren 
McChesney, 1873; Edward D. Pierson, 1874; Charles W. Banta, 1875; Horace Stetson. 1876-77; 
Leander Williams, 1878-79; Robert McGowan, Jr., 1S80; David George, 1881-82; Henry B.Stokes, 
1883-84; Otto G. Silber, 1S.S5-86; Frederick Grundman, 1887; William C.Schmidt, 1SS8-89; Thomas 
O. Ingling, 1890; Frank E. Baker, 1891: George F. Carter, 1892-93; Frank X. Schleman, 1894; 
Nathaniel Burton, 1F9;. The lodge meets on the first antl third Thursdays of each month. The 
officers for 1896 are: George F. Carter, P. M., W. M.; Orian L. Yeomans. S. W.; John F. Everett. 
J. W.; Joseph B. Bray, Treasurer; Augustus T. Grinsted, P. M., Secretary; David Georoe, P. M., 
Chaplain; William Lord, S. D.; Alexander Clark, J. D.; Charles E. Jones, S. M. C.; Samuel A. Nunn, 
J. M. C; James P. Williams, of No. 11, Tyler. The present membership is loi. 

Orange Chapter, No. 23, R. A. M. This Chapter was organized under dispensation, October 26, 
1869, and held its first regular convocation on October 29 following. Its first officers were : Edward 
B. Whiting, M. E., IL P.; Charles F. R. Moore, E. K ; T. L. Van Orden, Scribe; Jacob Friday, C. of H.; 
Augustus C. Grinsted, P. S.; Joseph A. Smith, R A. C; Frederick W. Morris, 3d Veil; Walter E. 
Smith, 2d Veil ; Stcplien T. Smith, ist Veil; Edward Coumont, Treasurer; Joseph M. Dodd, Secretary; 
John IL Sharp, Sentinel. These were all charter members with the addition of Simeon Harrison, 
William B. Williams and John H. Meyers. The Chapter held its convocations in the old Masonic Hall 
until the erection of the new one, where it has since continued to meet. It has now a membership of 
lOi, there being a sliglit falling off during the past two years. Its convocations are held on the second 
and fourth Mondays in each month. The officers for 1896 arc : C. F. Coyne, H. P.; F. T. Crane, E. K.; 
F. J. Toulon, E. S.; T. O. Ayres. P. H. P., Treasurer; A. W. Coon, Secretary; J. P. HilLs, C. of H.; 
O. G. Gerber, P. S.; M. L. Gans, R. A. C; H. J. Arne, 3d Veil; C. E. Williams, 2d Veil; Thos. Davis, 
ist Veil; James P. Williams, Sentinel. 

ODD FELLOWS LODGES. 

This Order, which had been in existence in this country for some years before its establishment in 
Orange, became \'ery popular as a secret benevolent organization soon after the partial suppression of 
Freemasonry growing out of the Morgan excitement referred to in the history of Union Lodge, F. & 
A. M., and it will be noted that the first lodge of Odd F"ellows in Orange received its charter four years 
before Union Lodge, F. & A. M., was rechartered. The objects of the two orders are very similar and 
the early growth of Odd Fellowsliii) is due to the strong anti-Masonic sentiment which prevailed from 
1830 to late in the forties. 

Lafayette Lodge, No. 12, I. O. O. F. This lodge was instituted in Orange July 19, 1842, with 
eleven charter members. Those named in the charter were: Edward T. Hillyer, N. G.; Joseph H. Hop 
ping, V. G.; John W. Innis, Recording Secretary; George Henry, Financial Secretary, and William Bod- 
vvell. Treasurer. The other members were P. J.-Bodwell, James Brady, Joseph A. Condit, Aaron Pierson, 
Henry Stetson and George A. Dodd. During the first year of its existence forty-three members were 
added by initiation and during the next ten years there was a further addition of between seventy and 
eighty members. In 1847 a number dimited from this Lodge to organize Olive Branch Lodge, No. 51. 
This, together with the financial troubles of 1853, so weakened the lodge tiiat it suspended labor and 
forfeited its Charter. On F"ebruary 22, 1868, on the petition of Z. H. Condit, Reuben W. Dodd, Amzi 
Wright, James Young and W'illiam M. Durand. the Lodge was reinstated and resumed labor. Since that 
time nearly si.x hundred members have been added by initiation and the Lodge has had a prosperous 



246 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

existence, and many wortliy distressed bretliicn have received tiu- benefits wliicli their membership 
entitles them to. UiiUke tlie Masonic Order, every member is entitled to a fixed weekly allowance in 
case of sickness; in the former each case is treated according to its needs. The Lodge has at the 
present time an active membership of between 100 and 150. The Lodge was regularly incorporated 
April 15, 1870, under ''An Act to incorporate Benevolent and Charitable Associations." 

John F. Morse Lodge, No. 183, L O. O. F. Tliis is a German lodge. It was organized March 
24, 1.S75, with the following charter members: Julin G. Schaefer, Joseph Schmitt, Frederich Cohrs, 
Gustav Doehler, Jacob Bury, Heinrich G. Schaefer, Jacob Sohn, Jacob Deckenbach, Frederick Kraus, 
Jacob Burker, David Wendel, Charles Hummel. The first officers were: John G. Schaefer, N. G.; 
Jacob Sohn, V. G.; Joseph Schmitt, Secretary; Jacob Deckenbach, Treasurer 

D. O H. (Deutsche Ouden Harugari), No. 186. This Order was established for the purpose of 
affording relief to brethren in cases of sickness or distress, and afTords a fi.xed stipend to such as are in 
need of aid from the relief fund. The Orange Lodge was instituted December 17, 1868, with twehe 
charter members, which has largely increased and the Lodge has a beneficiar)- fund amounting to se\eral 
hundred dollars. 

Live Oak Lodck, No. 181, I. C). O. 1-'. This Lodge was organized July 6, 1875, by Grand Master 
Christian Miller, with the following charter members and officers: John G. Gegenheimer, N. G.; 
Aug. Marks, V. G.; Iruin M. Genung, R. S.; Charles E. Leyers, Financial Secretary; William W. 
Jacobus, Treasurer; IIenr\- M. Cam[), O. G.; Charles H. Meeker, R. S. Thirteen candidates were 
initiated upon the same ilay, who, with the charter members, gave the Lodge an enrollment of twenty. 
There has been a steady increase in membership which now numbers 125. The present officers are : 
T. Wilson Guernsey, N. G.: Samuel Loomis, V. G.; George Danner, Recording Secretary; William 
Marks, F^inancial Secretary; Jacob IL Hanse, Treasurer; Augustus Marks, Henel Cohart, John G. 
Gegenheimer, Trustees. 

TEHPERANCE ORGANIZATIONS. 

Washington Temit.e of Honor and Temperance. This order was instituted February 15, 
1849, by leading members of the order of the Sons of Temperance. Its purpose was to work in 
connection with that order as a higher branch or degree to the Sons of Temperance, and at that time 
the membership was limited to the members of the latter order; it became independent of the parent 
order, however, during the first year of its existence. Its meetings have been held at various places 
and for the past few years it has met at the old Masonic building, 16 Park Street, where its forty-fifth 
anniversary was celebrated February 16, 1895. The Temple has always met on P'riday evenings. 
There is no record of the charter members, the records having been destroyed by the burning of the 
Waverly building. Its first presiding officers were Daniel J. Kilburn and Ezra O. Roff. Among its old 
members were Aaron Ouinln-, llenrj- B. Freeman, .A. 11. Freeman, Judge Jesse Williams, J. H. Comlit, 
Abiel Morris Condit, Samuel D. Comlit, William Green. Aaron Williams, David S. Beach. Matthias 
Soverel, Caleb W. Hamilton, E. J. Condit, Horton D. Williams and D. T. Oakley. The Temple is still 
in a flourishing condition and is doing excellent work. 

Oak and Vine Social TtMri.K ok Honor and Temperance. This was organized in Orange, 
April 2, 1852, with seventeen charter members of both sexes. The first place of meeting was on the 
corner of Park and Main Streets, where Brady's photograph gallery now stands. It afterwards met in 
the Waverly building, which was destroyed by fire. Its present place of meeting is in the old Masonic 
Hall building. Park Street, near Main. 

Women's Christian Temperance Union. The movement which resulted in the establishment 
of the Women's Christian Temperance Union, of Orange, started in 1877. The semi-annual convention 
of the Women's Christian Temperance Union of New Jersey was held in the chapel of the North 
Orange Baptist Church, on the afternoon of Wednesday, May 16, followed by a public meeting in the 
evening at the First M. E. Church, under the charge of the Rev. J. H. Knowles, then pastor of the 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 247 

cluircli. TI1C plan of organizing an Orange branch of tlic union was suggested, ami a meeting was 
called for the following Tuesday to consider it. No definite action was taken at this meeting, but a 
week later, at a meeting held at the same place on the evening of June 5, the organization was effected 
and the following officers were elected: Mrs. Samuel Colgate, President; Mrs. F. F. Ellinwood, 
Treasurer, and Miss J. (). Brewster, Secretary. Among the original m<.-mbers were Mrs. Ellie J. 
Knowles, Mi.ss Mary A. I.atlihury, Mrs. G. W. Richards, Mrs. Lucy C. Rand, Mrs. Albert Mann, Mrs 
E. M. Clark, Mrs. M. Van Marter, Mrs. Naomi F. Dyckman, Miss J. O. Brewster, Miss R. F. Morse, 
Mrs. Edward Austen, Mrs. C. C. Sturges, Mrs. Gardner R. Colby, Mrs. A. O'Neill, Mrs. John Gill, Mrs. 
George A. Moss, Mrs. J. C. Titcomb, Mrs. C. E Stone, Mrs. J. B. St. John, Miss Amy C. Lowrie, Mrs. 
S. C. Burdick, Mrs. R. C. Browning, Mrs. Carnclia C. Ilussey, Mrs. W. C. Holmes, Mrs. George J.Ferry, 
Mrs. Samuel Colgate, Mrs. 11. M. Woodward, Mrs. C. A. Banta, and Mrs. H. C. I.ibby. The following 
gentlemen were elected li()ni)rary iiuiiibers: George J. l''erry, C. A. Clark, Etlward Austen, A. G. 
Stevenson, I. II. Knowks, John A. Titcomb, Gardner R. Colby, Samuel C. Burdick and the Rev. 
Edward J udsun. 

Meetings were held at first in the building corner nf Main antl Esse.x Streets, and were well 
attended. A men's reading room and restaurant were opened and meals furnished at a moderate price. 
A Helping Hand Society was started in connection with the Union, the object being to benefit young 
women. Mrs. Ann Harrison, a colored woman, was a regular attendant at these meetings and became 
much interested in the work. At her death a few years later it was found that she had left her property 
to the Union, conditioned on its being used for these purposes. A lot was purchased in 1885, on the 
corner of Main and Commerce Streets, on which the present building was erected in 1888-9. This was 
fitted up with every convenience for carrying on the bLMievolcnt work for which tlie Union was organ- 
ized. The cost of the building was about $19,000 and the lot about S4.000. Religious and devotional 
meetings are held with considerable success, and persons of either se.K out of employment receive 
temporary help. Mrs John J. Perrine, the President, a most energetic and devoted Christian woman, 
spends a large portion of her time in this work. At the Sunday morning breakfast, 1,754 persons were 
fed during the year 1895. 

While the permanent object of the Union is to promote the cause of temperance, it has 
accomplished great good in the line of religious and benevolent work, especially among the poor. The 
membership of the Union has been somewhat fluctuating, the average, however, being about fifty. 
The officers for 1895 were: Mrs. John J. Perrine, President ; Mrs. Electa H. J ube, First Vice-President ; 
Mrs. Theodore I'". Seward, Second Vice-President; Miss Amy C. Lowrie, Recording Secretary; Mrs. 
Mary T. Kiersted, Corresponding Secretary ; Mrs. Myra C. Kitchen. Treasurer; Mrs. William Dyckman, 
Librarian; Miss Emma Wolt, Missionary Superintendent. 

BENEFICIARY SOCIETIES. 

RoVAL Arcanum. This order is social as well as beneficiary, its principal object being to enable 
its members to obtain life insurance at a moderate cost. It has survived the strong opposition of the 
old line insurance companies and has paid millions of dollars to the families of deceased members. 
Councils have been established in nearly all the leading cities and towns throughout the United States. 

Orange Councii., No. 975, R. A., was instituted June 22, 1886, in Uzal Dodd Post room with 
twenty-seven charter members. The first officers were: J. Day Otis, Regent ; Henry C. Burton, Vice- 
Regent ; William G. Thomas, Orator; B. T. Martin, Past Regent; J. A.Alexander, Secretary; Charles 
D. Phelps, Collector; A. G. Stevenson, Treasurer; Theodore H. Smith, Chaplain; Wm. H. Wakefield, 
Guide ; Frank M. Odell, M. D., Warden. The council meets in the Ma.sonic Temple, on the first and 
third Thursdays of each month. Its growth has been steady and permanent and it has on its list over 
one hundred members. 

Hillside Council, No. 1329, R. A. This is an outgrowth of and was organized by Orange 
Council, No. 975, January 13, 1891, with forty-seven members. Its first meeting was held in Uzal Dodd 



248 Thu Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

Post room. Its first officers were: Thomas O. Ingling, Regent; Miles A. Hanchett, Vice-Regent; 
T. J. W. Duffy, Orator; William H. Wakefield, Past Regent; George R. Stagg, Secretary; Cyrus L. 
Smith, Collector; William C. Schmidt, Treasurer; N. J. Burton, Chaplain. This council has a member- 
ship of about one hundred and its death losses have thus far been \ery small. Its present place of 
meeting is in the Masonic Temple, on the second and fourth Thursdays of each month. 

Llewellyn Council, No. ir, Goi den Star Fraternity, was instituted in Orange, April 13, 
1887, in Temple of Honor Hall, with fifteen charter members. The order is constituted for the express 
purpose of providing life insurance for its members, but it also pays sick benefits to its members for a 
limited term. Both sexes are eligible to membership. Its first officers were: S. F. Gibbons, Moderator; 
William Billington, Vice-Moderator; Frederick W. Alleston, Recording Secretary; A. J. Eckert, 
Financial Secretary; Dr. Bradshaw, Medical E.xaminer, and Henry Mohr, Treasurer. The council has a 
membership of over one hundred and holds its meetings in Odd Fellows Hall. 

Anion;j; the various other secret and beneficiary orders, all of which are e.xerting an influence for 
good by rendering aid to the sick and a stipulated amount to deceased members, are the Ancient Order 
of Foresters, Knights of Pythias, Order of Knights of Malta, Improved Order of Heptasophs, Order 
United American Mechanics, Catholic Benevolent Legion, St. Patrick's Alliance, Ancient Order of 
Hibernians, Order of Chosen Friends. Knights of Honor, Improved Order of Red ]\Ien, Order of 
Elks, etc. 

Grand Army of the Republic. This is an outgrowth of the Civil War and was organized at 
Decatur, Illinois, April 6, 1S66, by Dr. B. F. Stephenson, of Springfield, who had served as surgeon of 
the Fourteenth Illinois Infantry, and at the close of the war returned to his practice in Springfield, 
where, in February, 1866, he first suggested the idea of this organization and made the draft of a 
ritual. He became the first Provisional Commander-in-Chief and issued his first call for a national 
convention October 31, 1866. The objects of the order are: i. To preserve and strengthen those kind 
and fraternal feelings which bound together the soldiers, sailors and marines who united to suppress the 
late rebellion, and to perpetuate the memory and history of the dead. 2. To assist such former comrades 
in arms as need help and protection, and to extend needful aid to the widows and orphans of those who 
have fallen. 3. To maintain true allegiance to the United States of America, based upon a paramount 
respect for and fidelity to its constitution and laws; to discountenace whatever tends to weaken loyalty, 
incites to insurrection, treason or rebellion, or in any manner impairs the efficiency and permanency of 
our free institutions, and to encourage the spread of universal liberty, equal rights and justice to all men. 
Its membership is limited to the soldiers and sailors of the United States Army, Navy or Marine Corps 
who ser\ed between April 12, 1S61, and April 9, 1865, in the war for the suppression of the Rebellion, 
and those having been honorablj' discharged therefrom after such service and subject to the orilcrs of 
United States general officers between the dates mentioned. No person shall be eligible to membership 
who has at any time borne arms against the United States. The G. A. R. Posts are named in honor of 
deceased persons — usually those who died in ilefense of their country. 

U/.AL Do; D Post, No. 12, G. A. R. This Post was named in honor of Capt. Uzal Dodd, who 
commanded Company H, Twenty-sixth Regiment, N. J. Volunteers. The chaplain of this regiment 
said of him : "He had those qualities rarely found in combination, by which he could be familiar with 
his men without breeding contempt — which enabled him to mingle with them when off duty as equals, 
and when on duty command them as a superior. His patriotism was of the purest and most persistent 
character. It was such that no hardship nor temporary reverses could shake. The voice of duty was 
to him the voice of God. For some weeks before the second battle of Fredericksburg he had been 
quite sick and off duty and in the opinion of the surgeon and other officers was not able to go with the 
regiment. But he could not bear to have his company in the perils of battle without being at its head, 
so he followed on after it and caught u[> before the regiment crossed the ri\er. In storming the heights 



TiiK Founders and Huilders of the Oranges. 249 

lie kept alon<j ns well as his feeble strength would allow. Through his |)atri<)tic desire ami iiuloinitable 
will he rose so far superior to bodily weakness as in the bloody battle of the next day, May 4, to take 
command of his company and distinguish himself for coolness and valor. In the third and last crossing 
of the Rai)i)ahannock, it fell upon the 26th N. J. V. and 5th Vt. to cross in boats and charge the 
enemy's ritle pits. His company occupied the right of the line and it was iiis place to lead the regiment. 
This he ditl in heroic style. In the face of a destructive fire from rebel sharpshooters he led his men down 
the bank and at their head entered one of the pontoon boats, soon after which he received a mortal 
wound. He lingered about eighteen hours, suffering intense pain without a complaint. He was 
conscious of his approaching end and that he might die in full possession of his faculties, he refused to 
take stimulants or opiates. * * * Many precious gifts have been laid on our country's altar during 
this war, but none more precious, within the range of my personal knowledge, tlian Capt. S. U. Dodd." 

Capt. Samuel Uzal Dodd was the youngest child of Samuel M. and Jennie (Condit) Dodd, and was 
born in Orange, July 27, 1S2S. He lived in Orange up to the time he enlisted in the army. His 
regiment was raised for nine months only and his term would have expired in two weeks. When his 
embalmed boily came home for burial the citizens of Orange and its vicinity in large numbers gathered 
to do honor to his mcmor}- and pa)- tlic List tribute of respect to the hero and patriot. 

Uzal Dodd Post, whicii has kL[)t green the memorj' of this brave patriot, owes its existence mainly 
to the efforts of Capt. Ambrose Matthews, assisted by his comrades, Charles VV. Barry, Samuel Toombs 
and William McChesney, who nut on the 28th of February, 1S78, to consider the advisability of 
forming an association which should help to keep alive the spirit of patriotism which animated those 
who freely offered their lives in defense of the Union, and to bind still stronger the ties of friendship 
formed amiti scenes of suffering and tlcath on the battle tuld. This resulted in the organization, on 
March 20, 1878, of a Grand Army Post which they named after their beloved comrade, Capt. Dodd. 
The charter members of the Post were: Charles W. Barry, Samuel Toombs, Edward Lindsley, William 
McChesney, Frederick Trepkau, Joseph B. Bray, Jacob V. Codies, Ambrose M. Matthews, William H. 
Dodd, Richard M. French, Charles M. Matthews, Edwin B. Blackman, Luther H. Perry, John W. 
Williams, Edward D.Taylor. Edward D. Pierson, David A. Bell, Rufus Mead, William H. Hall, August 
Erdman, John Ackerman, Edward H. Williams, William L. Harrison, Gustavus Peine, John J. Fell. 
The first officers of the Post were: A. M. Matthews, Commander; William H. Dodd, Senior Vice- 
Commander; Gusta\us Peine, Junior Vice-Commander; Charles W. Barry, Adjutant; William 
McChesney, O. M.; John W. Williams. O. of D.; John J. Fell, O. of G.; Jacob VV. Corlies. S.; David A. 
Bell, C; EdwTird D.Taylor, S. M.: Rufus Mead, O. M. S.; Edward IJndsIey, I. S.; Edwin D. Black- 
man, O. S. 

The Post has its headquarters in Reynolds' building, on the south side of Main, between Day and 
Centre Streets. The Past Commanders of the Post are: Capt. Ambrose Matthews, 1878-79; W. H. 
Dodd, 1880; Samuel Toombs, 1881; David A. Bell, 1882; Edgar H.Williams, 1883; E. D.Taylor, 
1884; Augustus W. Griffing, 1885 ; George Lethbridge, 1886-87: Joel W. Hatt, 1888; W. D. Robin.son, 
1890; Joseph B. Bray, 1S91 ; John F. Pratt, 1892; Fritz Trepkau, 1893; Gustav Peine, 1894; William 
McChesney, 1S95. The present officers are: George C. Chandler, Commander; John Agar, Senior 
Vice-Commander; Dewitt Bannister, Junior Vice-Commander ; Augustus W. Griffin. Adjutant; E. W. 
Williams, Q. M.; Bennet Livingston, Surgeon; W. H. Dodd. Chaplain: E. B. Taylor, O. of D.; Adolph 
Evison, O. of G.; D O. Sullivan, I. S.; Frank Hardy. O. S. 

TiiK Woman's Club, OI- Orange.* This club anti-dates most of the clubs of the "sterner 
sex" in the Oranges, and has nearly reached the first quarter of a century of its existence. It was not 
only the pioneer woman's club of New Jersey, but had only four predecessors in the country. The idea 
originated with Mrs. Louisa Lord Riley, who, from her familiarity with the work of the Brooklyn 



' From a sketch written by Mrs. Lydia Lawrence Ropes, for •• Woman's Progress.' 



250 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

Woman's Club, thought that a similar organization would be useful to the women of Orange in broaden- 
ing their mental horizon and giving variety to their thoughts. Fifteen ladies met at the house of Mrs. 
Riley on Wednesday, February- 7, 1872, in response to her invitation, and it was then and there 
determined to organize a woman's club. At the fourth meeting, held April 3, 1872, a permanent 
organization was effected and a constitution adopted. Mrs. Henrietta W. Johnson was elected President; 
Mrs. K. H. Browning, First Vice-President; Mrs. Louisa L. Riley, Second Vice-President, and Mrs. 
Agnes L. Colton, Secretary. The charter members were: Henrietta W. Johnson, Louisa Lord Riley, 
Lydia Laurelia Ropes, Kathrinc H. Browning, Josephine D. Thorp, Nancy Ellis Means, Martha Mott 
Lord, Clausina B. Mann, Cynthia Kasson, Cornelia C. Hussey, Anna M. Backus, Anna H. Root, Jane 
B. Dearborn, Agnes L. Colton, Clara Ropes Prescott. The object of the club, as defined by the 
constitution, was "the discussion of topics of social and general importance, for the purpose of awaken- 
ing in its members a more vital interest in such topics." The topics discussed during the earlier years 
of the club were largely practical, relating to education, dress, nursing, social duties, temperance, 
extravagance, personal responsibility, cooperative housekeeping, abolition of war, etc., etc. 

The only benevolent work ever undertaken by the club was an evening school for girls which was 
opened in the winter of 1873 and was held for si.xteen weeks, at an expense of only two hundred 
dollars. It was attended by about thirty girls and was taught by one of the public school teachers who 
was a member of the club. The sum of ten dollars was donated for a library to each one of the public 
schools of the Oranges. In 1878 several amendments to the constitution and by-laws were adopted, 
giving greater definiteness to several points which had before been left undetermined. The club doubled 
its membership during the first seven years and in 1879-80 had increased to forty-four, with an average 
attendance of nineteen. The ineetings up to this time were still held in private houses. Four after- 
noons in the year were devoted to literary subjects and eleven to practical topics, every one of which 
was opened by an original paper. During the year of 1880-81 the average attendance was twenty. 
The annual reception was held that year at the house of Mrs. Ross C. Browning, in Llewellyn Park, and 
a new impetus given to the movement. In March, 1881 the membership had increased to fifty and it 
was deemed advisable to have a regular place of meeting. Arrangements were made with the New 
England Society to occupy its room in Music Hall. The meetings were continued at this place for five 
years, until 1886; the club in the meantime having outgrown its quarters, the Dearborn-Morgan Hall 
was hired for its meetings. Thirty-two members were added in 1889 and this number necessitated 
increased accommodations and Masonic Hall was hired for the meetings, and later, the Woman's 
Christian Temperance building. In order to meet the wants of the club the membership fee was 
increased to two dollars and an entrance fee of three dollars was charged. The club was incorporated 
in 1890 which entitles it to hold property. 

The Federation of Clubs was organized in 1890 which the Woman's Club, of Orange, soon after 
joined, and in uSgi the council of the Federation of Woman's Clubs met at the house of Mrs. Thomas 
A. Edison, in Llewellyn Park, seventy presidents of the clubs being present. In 1894, for special exhibit 
at the Columbian Exhibition, several manuals were bound in white covers, hand painted, with an 
original design of oranges and leaves most ingeniously entwined, while at the left was a gilt torch 
suggestive of the work that clubs are doing in enlightening the world. A history of the club was also 
prepared as a part of its exhibit at the Columbian Exhibition. 

The inauguration of women's clubs has been a great lever for the uplifting of women, and the 
Orange Woman's Club has had, in the twenty-two years of its existence, ample time and opportunity 
to help on in this great work. The club membership is now limited to 300 members and there are no 
vacancies. It has become a department club — that is, in place of its classes and committees it now has 
its six departments, viz.: Economics, Literature, Science, Art, Education and Current Topics. Each 
department is under direction of a chairman, and meets for study and reports at stated times to the 
club. In November, 1895, at the suggestion of the Orange Woman's Club, a federation of the several 
women's clubs of New Jersey was formed, known as the New Jersey State Federation of Women's 




.-^^>, 



RICHARD N. DYER. 

PRESIDENT OF COUKTRY CLUB. 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



251 






Clubs, of which Mrs. C. B. Yarilley, of East Orange, wlio was mainly instrumental in bringing these 
clubs together, was made President. The Presidents of the club since its formation have been: Mrs. 
Henrietta W. Johnson, 1872-4; Mrs. Louisa Lord Riley, 1874-76; Mrs. Lydia Laurelia Ropes. 1876-84; 
Mrs. Caroline A. Atwater, 1884-85; Mrs. Katharine H. Browning, 1885-86; Mrs. Julia Kroch, 1886-88; 
Mrs. Charlotte Emerson Brown, 1S88 90: Mrs. Adaline Emerson Thompson, 1890-92; Mrs. Mary 
Coggeshall Seward, 1892-94. The present officers of the club are: President, Mrs. J. C. Cushing ; 
First Vice-President, Mrs. William H. Bradshaw ; Second Vice-President, Mrs. Albert O. Field; Treas- 
urer, Mrs. Frederick Doremus; Corresponding Secretary, Miss Louisa Hus; Recording Secrctar\', Mrs. 
E. O. Stanley. 

Orange Ci.UIJ. The organization of this club was the beginning of club life among the business 
men of the Oranges. This club started the ball rolling and five others are now in successful operation. 
The Orange Club was started among the 
New York business men residing in the 
vicinity of Brick Church. It was the out- 
growth of the Eclectic Dramatic Club, 
which, during its existence, was a prosper- 
ous and influential social element. The 
club was incorporated on March 28, 1885, 
by the following-namctl gentlemen : Rob't 
P. Hayes, James Y. Simpson, Walter T. 
Stephenson, Henr\- H. Snow, Douglas H. 
Schneider, G. E. Zippell, R. D. Merrell, 
¥. B. Holmes and James Chittick. The 
object as specified was " for social, intel- 
lectual and recreative purposes." The 
first officers were: R. P. Hayes, President: 
J. Y. Simpson, Vice-President; W. T. 
Stephenson, Secretary; H. H. Snow, 
Treasurer; G. E. Zippel, Chairman House 
Committee. The club first occupied rooms 
in Appleton's building, opposite Brick 

Church station, but its rapidly-increasing membership necessitated more commodious quarters and the 
club leased the premises No. 20 Prospect Street, East Orange. This was fitted up for temporary use 
and in 1887 the property was purchased by the club. The house was enlarged and fitted up with all 
the usual conveniences for club life and the grounds arranged for out-door games, etc. Notwithstanding 
the fact that several other clubs have since been organized in various parts of the Oranges, this club has 
continued to hold its own and still has a strong membership, principally in East Orange. The present 
value of the ])roperty owned by the club is about $30,000. The present officers are : Richard N. 
Dyer, President; D. A. Vanhorne, Vice-President; Henry A. Potter, Secretary ; C. H. El)-, Treasurer ; 
J. P. Schiller, Chairman House Committee. The following named persons have served as President 
of the club since its organization : T. Y. Simpson, M. D., 1885 ; Staats S. Morris, 1886; John L. Blake, 
1887-8-9; C. A. Sterling, 1890; G. I. Herbert, 1891 ; A. J. VVoodworth, 1S92-3; Richard N. Dyer, 
1894-5-6. 




uRANOJi CLUli. l.AbT OK.XNGli. 



Orange Athletic ClUH. This club was started as a local organization for the benefit of the 
young men of the Oranges. It has passed its first decade, has achieved a national reputation in its 
several contests with college and other clubs throughout the country, and has made for itself a name 
which affords just cause to its members and to the State of New Jersey for congratulation. It has 



25: 



Thk Founders and Builders of the Oranges 



taken its place among the leading clubs in the country. From the beginning it has had tlie hearty 
support of the leading citizens of the Oranges, who feel proud of its achievements. In the character 
of its membership it will compare favorably with tiiat of any athletic club in the country and it has 
grown in popularity from year to year. It stands in the front rank in F.sscx County in the matter of 
athletic sports. Among its members are some of the best wheelmen, the best amateur baseball, tennis 
and football players in the country. The project was started in the early part of 18S5 by the young 
men of the Oranges, who soon enlisted the aid and cooperation of all classes. On April 4, 1885, about 
two hundred of the best-known citizens of the Oranges assembled in Music Hall to consider the 
feasibility of forming an athletic club. Plans were presented, the various details discussed and a 
committee appointed to solicit subscriptions. This committee met with great success and other 
meetings were held, the business men subscribing liberally to the enterprise. The club was regularly 
organized in February, 1886, with the following well-known gentlemen as incorporators and directors: 
President, Robert W. Hawksworth; Vice-President. J. Montgomery Hare; Secretary, H. B.Thomas; 



r^ 




UKA.\UK AlllLKTIC CLUB. 



Directors, R. W. Hawksworth, J. Montgomery Hare, Everett Frazar, Henry A. Potter, John Pettit, 
J. B. Tilford, A. P. Boiler, J. G. Morgan, G. P. Kingsley, A. D. Palmer, William A. Brewer, Jr., T. B. 
Cuis and II. B. Starbuck. 

A lot on llalsted Street was purchased and a club-house erected, at a cost of about $13,000. A 
tennis building was erected in the fall of 1887, at a cost of $10,000. The club-house was formally 
opened in January, 1888. An important feature of the club, which has done much to popularize it is 
the admission of ladies to membership. Article VII of House Rules says that " the gymnasium shall 
be devoted exclusively to the use of ladies daily between the hours of 9.30 a m. and 3 p. m., excepting 
Saturdays and holiday.s. Lady members shall have the privilege of the club-house every day until 3 
p. m., excepting on Mondays and Thursdays, when they shall have the privileges of the club (excepting 
the gymnasium) after 3 p. m. until midnight." 

The club-house is situated on the corner of Halsted Street and Railroad Avenue and is surrounded 
by a. spacious and well-kept lawn. A wide piazza extends along a portion of the front of the main build- 



The Founpers and Builders of the Oranges. 253 

ing. The main doors open into a small lobby on one side of which is the office. The tennis building is an 
important feature of the club-house. It is in the rear of the main building and communicates with it 
by means of a wide entrance. It is entirely covered so that it can be used in all kinds of weather. It 
contains two full-sized tennis courts. This building is also used for balls, receptions, concerts and other 
entertainments, and the club-house has constantly been the resort of a large part of the beauty, fashion 
intelligence and wealth of the Oranges and neighboring places. The gymnastic classes have annually 
given one or more successful and entertaining exhibitions, and the girls' and children's classes have been 
constantly advancing in minor gymnastics and in calisthenics suitable to their strength and abilities. 
The club is the owner of large and well-arranged grounds near the Grove Street station. These 
grounds contain running tracks and spaces for football and other out-door games. 

The management and conduct of the games at the oval by the committees in charge have been so 
careful and judicious that the entire resident population has come to regard the club grounds as one of 
its cherishetl local institutions. Ladies flock to the club games without escort, and parents gladly 
permit their children to visit the grounds unattended, confident of respectful care and treatment, and 
of the absence of the rowdy element which too frequently resorts to athletic games. As a result of 
these precautions and as a consequence of the policy of management indicated, the audiences at the 
oval have been unrivalled as to numbers and character during the past four years, and in these 
particulars without a parallel in the history of any of its sister organizations. So well known has this 
feature become that all the other crack athletic clubs are eager to secure dates for games with its teams 
long in advance of the events, and the leading college teams of the country look forward with pleasure 
to their annual visits to Orange. The club is a strictly temperance athletic organization and has 
constantly sought to afford the best facilities for the instruction and entertainment of its members and 
friends. It has, year after year, brought a succession of champion athletes to its grounds, in exhibitions 
as various in character as they have been absorbing in interest. It has, through its junior membership 
features, brought in a large contingent of the youth of the Oranges, and has excercised a wholesome 
educational and restraining influence upon them in several tlirections. Its aims have always been high 
in whatever it has undertaken, until by its achievements and influence it has become a large and leading 
element of life in the Oranges, and a power in furtherance of clean and wholesome living and a moral 
force in the community second only to the body of religious organizations there located. 

Only three men have filled the office of President since the organization of the club. K. \V. 
Hawkesworth, the first President, continued in ofifice for five years and was succeeded by J. Q. Harstow, 
who held the position for two years, and Mr. Dillon, the present incumbent, was elected in 1S94. The 
present officers of the club are: William B. Dillon, President ; William M. Franklin, Vice-President ; 
I'Vederic G. Mason, Treasurer ; A. D. Palmer, Secretary. The Board of Directors are: William B. 
Dillon, A. D. Palmer, E. V. Z. Lane, Arthur Varian, F. G. Mason, Joseph D. Picksley, Dr. T. N. Gray, 
E. P. Ailing, Dr. T. S. P. Fitch, Franklin Webster, Daniel Pritchard, R. M. Colie. 

Essex County Country Club. This club, which was organized less than ten years ago with a 
membership of fifty-seven, has now on its list nearly three hundred resident members, besides a number 
of non-resident members. Owing to the extreme liberality of its management and the attractiveness 
of its surroundings, this club has become one of the most popular resorts in the country and is in many 
respects equal to the famous Tuxedo, in Orange County, N. Y. Its aim and purpose, as set forth in 
Article II, Section i of the constitution, is "for the encouragement of athletic exercises and sports and 
the maintenance of a club-house for reading-rooms and social meetings." Persons living in any part of 
New Jersey are eligible to regular membership, and non-residents from any part of the globe may enjoy 
the full privileges of membership, except that of attending or participating in its business meetings. 
The clergy of the county of every denomination are entitled to full membership without cost. 

The club was organized in the spring of 1887 and was incorporated under a general act of the 
Legislature entitled "An Act to incorporate Societies or Clubs for social, intellectual and recreative 



254 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



purposes," approved March 27, 1878, and amended Februar\- 20, 1886. The following-named persons 
were the incorporators: Henry A. Page, D. Robinson, Jr., W. Emlen Roosevelt, John Burke, Edward 
Kelly, T. H. Powers Farr, H. S. Herbert, W. D. Baldwin, John Kean, Jr., Henry Parish, Jr., S. Van 
Rensselaer, H. T. Hitch, Edward P. Slevin, C. F. Watson, R. J. Cross, C. A. Munn, G. I. Herbert, J. 
R. Pitcher, J. H. H. Brintnall, A. H. Scribner, Ogden Brower, John H. Ballantine, George H. Halsey, 
Frederick Frelinghuyscn, E. C. Woodruff, C. Weidenfield, Julian H. Kean, B. H. Campbell, J. N. \'an 
Ness, Robert Hallantine, Franklin Murphy, Frederick S. Fish, A. P. Whitehead, F. M. Wheeler, Robert 
Sedgwick, Eugene Kelly, R. Fry, C. Pfizer, Jr., C. H. Lee^ Dr. William Pierson, E. D. Page, C. E. 
Souther, E. G. Burgess, D. P. Cruikshank, William Clark, Jasper R. Rand, .Samuel S. Dennis, E. P. 
Thebaud, W. Campbell Clark, Bleeker \'an Wagenen, E. A. Bradley, R. G. Park, Seeley Benedict, Frank 
Arnold, John C. Wilmerding, H. G. lI.Tarr. The officers named in the certificate of incorporation 
were: Henry A. Page, President; Aaron Pennington Whitehead, \'ice-President ; W. Emlen Roosevelt, 
Treasurer; Robert Sedgwick, Secretary. 

This club was substantially an outgrowth of the Esse.x Count)- Hunt, organized in 1S7G, which 
comprised a number of Orange residents, among whom were Charles H. Heckscher, Henry N. Munn, 
Edward P. Thebaud, P'rank E. Maitin. Douglas Robinson, Jr., the Messrs. Hudnut, and Charles H. Lee. 

The Essex County Hunt, in 1877, imported a pack of beagle 
hounds and inaugurated "drag" hunting. In 1880 the 
kennels were moved to Tory Corners, midway be- 
tween Montclairand Orange, and Henry N. Munn, 
of Orange, succeeded F. Merriam Wheeler, 

of M o n t c 1 a i r , as 
" '' master of the hounds. 

The kennels were 
newly stocked with a 
tlraft of very fine fox 
h o u n d s , purchased 
from the sons of Sir 
Hugh Allen, of Mon- 
treal, and live fo.xes 
were substituted for 
the "drag." Charles 
H .Heckscher became 
master of the hounds 
in 18S3 and was suc- 
ceeded by Edward P. 
Thebaud, who con- 
tinued to carry on the 
hunting in a most 
successful m a n n c r 
until the club was ab- 
sorbed by the Essex 
CountyCoun try Club. 
During Mr. Thebaud's term of ofiice — 1S84 to 1887 — the kennels were located in the Verona Valley. 
At the autumn meets there were frequently present from 500 to 600 invited guests from different 
parts of the country and from New York City. Among the active members of the club at this 
time was Gen. George B. McClellan ; and both he and his wife (the daughter of Gen. Marcy) were 
usually on the Reception Committee. 

In the early part of 1887 arrangements were made by members of the Essex County Hunt and 




T<t.>»-- 



COl'NTRY Cl.UB-HOUSE. IIUTTON PARK. 



TiiK Founders and Buildkks of the Oranges. 



255 



others to secure a lease of a portion of the jMoperty in Hutton Park, incliRiing the old Mansion House 
for a club-house. A meetinjj of the subscribers (to a special fund) was held on May 23, 1887. at the 
old Mansion House in Hutton Park and the formal organization of the Essex County Country Club was 
completed by the election c>( the followiiit; officers: President, Henry A. I'agc, of Montrose; Vice- 
President, A. Pennington Whitehead, Newark; Secretary, Robert Setlgwick, New York; Treasurer, W. 
Emlen Roosevelt, Elizabeth; Governors, W. D. Haklwin, Montclair; W. C. Clark, Newark; Richard J. 
Cross, New York ; T. H. Powers Farr, Montrose ; P'rederick Frelinghuysen, Newark ; H. S. Herbert. New 
York; Eugene Kelly, South Orange; Henry A. Page, Montrose; Douglass Robinson, Jr., Orange; VV. 
Emlen Roosevelt, Elizabeth; Robert Sedgwick, New York; E. P. Thebaud, Orange; J. N. Van Ness, 
Newark; F. M. Wheeler, Montclair; A. Pennington Whitehead, Newark. The certificate of incorpora- 
tion was executed two days following, as previously mentioned. On January 17, 1889, the Hutton 
Park property was sold at auction and twenty-four acres, including the old Mansion House and out- 
buildings, was purchased b)- the Country Club. Bonds to the amount of §65,000 bearing five per cent. 
interest were issued, which were readily taken by the members. This amount, however, proved insuffi- 
cient for the various additions and improvements, the total amount expended being about §75,000. 
The building was enlarged by additions both in front and rear, and many changes made in the interior, 
the billiard and other new rooms being finished in hard wood. Every conceivable arrangement for the 
comfort and convenience of the members aud their guests has been made, and this is now one of the 
most complete and best equipped club-houses in the country. 

On the extensive grounds ample airangcments have been made for the various sports and amuse- 
ments of the members of the club and their friends. These include a toboggan slide for the winter, 
and for the open months, lawn tennis, golf, polo, etc. At the entrance to the grounds is a massive .stone 
gateway that leads to the club-house. The driveway as 
you enter is flanked on either side by a pretty little lake 
upon which a flock of swans are to be seen sailing over the 
surface. In one of these lakes is a miniature fountain. 
The driveway winds several times through the trees and 
crosses a beautiful ravine, through which tumbles a pretty 
little mountain brook, which frequently forms small cas- 
cades as it rushes over the rocks. In this ravine is a little 
thatched summer house which encloses what was once 
the famous Chalybeate Spring. Just on the top of thc 
knoll is another thatch-covered summer house, where one 
may enjoy the unobstructed breezes in any direction. 
Beneath this is a deep cellar wliicli was formerly an ice 
house, which always contained an abundant supply of ice 
for the use of the guests. A leading feature of the club 
at the present time is the famous sport of golf which has 
become the most popular game throughout the country. 
A correspondent of the N. Y. Tribnue, May, 1896, gives 
the following description of the grounds, etc : "The Esse.x 
County Country Club, of Orange, N. J., which adopted 
golf in its list of sports a year or two ago, is having a 
new course laid out on a large and carefulh' arranged 
plan. A part of the ground now used in Hutton Park 

will be included in the new links, but the design is entirely changed and a large additional tract of land 
will be included. Alexander Fiiday, the club's professional, has men constanth' at work upon the 
course. He expects that it will be finished soon, but se\eral hard rains are needed before it will be 
ready for use. 





ENTRANCE TO COUNTRY CI.l'B GROINDS. 



>56 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



" Tlie first tee is near the club stables. From it the hole is invisible, being placed just over the edge 
of a little knoll. The line of play is narrow and straight, a deep ravine on the left hand and an old 
toboggan slide on the right forming hazards to punish crooked drives. Rough country must be crossed 
to reach the second hole, which is near the Mount Pleasant Road. The third comes back again in the 
direction of the club-house, the green, which is unusually large, being placed in an old garden, near a 
small stone house. The fourth hole will be e.xtremely long and difficult. The line runs through the 
woods and there is at one place a ravine, over which Finlay has thrown a bridge, so that the good 
driver may follow his ball. The unlucky novice will not need this bridge, for he will be down in the 
depths of the ravine searching for lost balls. From the fourth until the ninth or home hole is reached 
the ground covered is about the same as that now in use. The last hole is short, but a broad, deep 
chasm to be crossed makes it formidable enough. At various places on the links there are bunkers of 
a kind not commonly seen. They are composed of stumps of trees with the roots still clinging to them, 
packed so closely together as to be sure traps for a ball that hits them. 

"The Essex County members are playing now for the June Cup, given for the best scratch score 
handed in this month. Contestants may enter as often as they please. The record is now held b\- T. 
H. Powers Farr, with a score of 84; C. H. Lee holds the next best score, having made the course in 88; 
Among the other players who are trying for the cup are: Thomas W)man Porter, Richard Colgate, 
William Runkel, Austin Colgate, Mantiin 15. Metcalf, H. T. Kissam, .S. M. Colgate and William 

Bloodgood." 

The Polo club con- 
nected with the Country- 
Club enjo\-s exceptional 
facilities for the practice 
of this favorite sport, 
and some of the most 
expert riders and best 
horsemen in the country 
are found among its 
members; several of 
these are also members 
of the Essex Troop. To 
those who prefer in-door 
amusement to out-door 
sports, the club-house 
affords ample accommo- 
dations. It has one of 
the finest ball rooms in 
the country and it is no 
uncommon thing to see 
two hundred to three 
hundred persons gath- 
ered here on Saturday evening enjoying this favorite pastime. It reminds one of long ago when the elite 
from every part of the country were gathered at this famous hostlery enjoying the minuet, the Virginia 
reel and all the well-known dances of the period. Truly, history repeats itself while the world 
moves on. Many famous people of old have met in this old mansion and there are those living to-day 
who insist that Lafayette spent the day and part of a night there during his second visit to this country 
in 1824, and that he danced the minuet with some of the fair ladies of Orange. To those who accept 
the statement it adds one more to the many delightful reminiscences connected with this old place. 

One can enjoy here all the advantages of a first-class hotel, either a tablf ifltote dinner or a "pay 




1 \KK AMI IDINIAIN 1 .N FKllNl' OF THE COUNTRY CLUB-HOUSE. HLTIi'S 




/?. ^^yr^^^J^^^^/.^f 



y-H. POWERS rAf>^- 



OFFICERS OF COUNTRY CLUB. 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 257 

your money and take your choice" meal. Tlie rooms are large, well-ventilatcd and supplied with every 
modern convenience. The membership is select, the members are sociable ; while card playing is a favor- 
ite amusement, gambling is strictly prohibited. For riding members the dues are fixed at eighty-five 
dollars, and for other members sixty dollars a year. The officers and Board of Governors are composed 
of leading business and professional men of the highest character. Officers: President, Henry A. Page; 
Vice-President, Frederick Frelinghuysen ; Secretary, T. H. Powers Farr; Treasurer, R. Wayne Parker. 
Board of Governors: Frederick Frelinghuysen. Henry A. Page, John Marshall, R. Wayne Parker, Dr. 
William Pierson, L. V. liooraem, John C. Wilmcrding, John P. Rafferty, Oscar Willigerod, J. E. 
Fleming, Dr. Leslie D. Ward, G. I. Herbert, T. H. Powers Farr, Stephen J. Meeker, Frank Q. Barstow. 

Perso.VNEL of the Cl.un. While a large number of the members have participated in the %'arious 
means of entertainment provided by the club, there are a few wlio have been especially active in the 
management of its afTairs and arc worthy of special mention. Henry A. Page, the President of the 
club, is too well known in the Oranges to require any extended notice. The fact that he was one of 
the organizers of the club and that he has been its President from the beginning is the best evidence of 
his fitness for the position and of the confidence reposed in him by his fellow-members. Mr. Page has 
been prominent in all the social affairs of the Oranges for the past twenty-five or thirty years. His own 
home is one of the most beautiful and picturesque along the slope of the mountain. He was associated 
with John G. Vose in the laying out and improving of that part of South Orange known as Montrose. 
They built the depot at Montrose station and made other improvements at their own expense. In 
order to save the principal thoroughfares and beautiful avenues between South Orange and Orange from 
invasion by railroad corporations, he constructed, at his own expense, the present trolley road from 
South Orange to Orange through private and mostly unimproved property. Naturally of a retiring 
disposition, declining all public honors, he is nevertheless one of the most public-spirited citizens 
in South Orange and a liberal contributor to public improvements. His contribution of $1,000 to the 
Free Library is only one of the many evidences of his large-hearted liberality. 

Frederick Frelinghuysen, Vice-President, was one of the incorporators of the club and has been an 
active participant in its affairs from the beginning and has been continuously a member of its Board of 
Governors. He is chairman of the Committee on Real Estate, his experience in this line being of great 
service to the club in its real estate transactions. Mr. Frelinghuysen belongs to one of the best known 
families in the State. His father, Hon. Frederick T. Frelinghuysen, was Secretarj- of State under 
President Arthur, and the family has been conspicuous in public affairs for more than a century. Mr. 
Frelinghuysen is a graduate of Rutgers College and a practising lawyer in Newark. He is President of 
the Howard Savings Bank, of Newark, President of the Esse.x Club, Secretary of the Sinking Fund 
Commission, etc. His interest in the affairs of the Country Club is quite equal to that of any resident 
member or officer. 

T. H. Powers Farr, Secretary of the club, has been one of its most active members from the 
beginning. He was a prominent member of the Essex County Hunt. He was captain of the polo 
team of the Country Club for some years, but owing to an injury received while riding he was obliged 
to give it up. Since then he has given his attention to the golf club, which he organized and of which 
he is the mainstay, fie is an enthusiastic sportsman and is chairman of the Out-door Sports Committee, 
and all the out-door sports are under his supervision. 

R. Wayne Parker. Treasurer, is a resident of Hutton Park and has been a member of the club for 
the past three years. He is an enthusiastic sportsman, especially fond of riding and is an officer of the 
Essex County Troop. He is a son of the Hon. Cortlandt Parker, and stands at the head of his 
profession as a lawyer. He represented his Congressional district in the last Congress. 

The Riding and Driving Club, of Orange. This organization grew out of a class formed for 
ring riding, which had been in existence for two previous seasons and held their rides at the old Riding 
Academy in North Clinton Street. The members of this riding class found so much interest manifested 



258 The Founders and Ri'ilders of the Oranges. 

in horseback riding that thty determined to form a permanent organization, and on June 8, 1892, the 
articles of incorporation of the Riding Club, of Orange, were duly filed and the corporation was formed 
under the general corporation act of the State of New Jersey. The incorporators were: Louis A. 
Chandler, William J. Berg, Henry G. Atwater, Charles Hathawaj', W'illiam F". Oatman, James H. Dill, 
William M. Franklin, Edward P. Ailing, Robert \V. Hawkesworth, Appleton D. Palmer, Floyd B. 
Wilson, Richard N. Dyer, William A. Brewer. Jr . Louis O. Hedden, Henry A. Page, James Bingham, 
Franklin M. Ring, Charles R. Hedden and Frank H. LaPierre. 

On June i, 1895, the name of the club was changed to the Riding and Driving Club, of Orange. 
Among the gentlemen most active in its organization were: Charles Hathaway. James B. Dill, William 
M. Franklin, William C. Horn, Edward P. Ailing, Charles R. Hedden, Edward M. Colie, Henry G. 
Atwater, Frank H. LaPierre, Henry A. Page, Charles A. Sterling and Sylvester Judd, all of whom 
were charter members. The first ofificers elected were: Charles Hathaway, President; Edward P. 
Ailing, Treasurer, and Henry G. Atwater, Secretary. Mr. Hathaway has remained its President ever 
since, having been elected every year. The objects, as set forth in the articles of incorporation, are: 
"To conduct within said township and State an organization for social and recreative purposes, and to 
associate together persons interested in the use and management of horses, especially riding and driving, 
and to facilitate and encourage the practice thereof. And for that purpose to erect and maintain 
suitable buildings, including club-house, an enclosed riding ring, stables and such other accessories as 
may be desired or required where the use and management of horses can be taught and the training 
thereof be practised. The management of the property and affairs of this club, except as otherwise 
provided in these by-laws, shall be vested in a Board of Directors, consisting of fifteen active members, 
who shall be elected by the active members of the club." 

Immediately upon its organization the club rented the Riding Academy in Clinton Street and 
continued there for two years. In the summer of 1892, a lot was purchased on Halsted Street, with 
an L running through to Prospect Place, and in Februar)-, 1S95, the present buildings were completed. 
The lot has a frontage of 100 feet on Halsted Street, running back about 200 feet, together with an L 
30 feet wide running through to Prospect Place, which is used as an entrance and exit for horses and 
carriages, and another L 100 feet wide extending to within 100 feet of Main Street, which is used as a 
stable. The riding ring is one of the largest in the country having a clear space of 92 x 120 feet. The 
stable has accommodations for sixtj'-five horses and there is ample space for storing carriages and for 
supplies of all kinds. The present membership of the club in iio and has been ra])idl\- growing since 
the club entered into possession of its own building. 

In December, 1895, the club held a horse show lasting four da\s which was very largely attended, 
and in which were exhibited horses not only from Orange and vicinity, but from all parts of the country, 
many of the prize winners of the New York horse show having been brought there for exhibition. In 
April, 1896, the club held an amateur circus, at which there were exhibitions of riding by the members 
and the usual accessories of an old-fashioned country circus. During the winter season, from November 
to May, a music ride is held every Thursday evening, at which there is class riding and also exhibitions 
of fancy riding, games on horseback and jumping. The club owns its grounds and building as well as a 
large number of horses fi)r the use of members. The approximate value of the club's property in its 
land, building and e(|ui[)ments is $50,000. The officers and directors of the club are : President, 
Charles Hathaway; Vice-President, William C. Horn; Treasurer, H. G. Atwater; Secretary, Theodore 
Wilson. Executive Committee: E. M. Colie, James G. Marshall, C. B. Gregory, H. G. Atwater, William 
C. Horn. Finance Committee: Charles A. Sterling, E. M. Colie, W. C. Horn. Ring and Stable 
Committee: Charles B. Gregory, E. M. Colie, James G.Marshall. House Committee: J. L. Seward, 
J. C. Cassidy, Charles B. Gregory. Membership Committee : H. A. Mandeville, J. L. Seward, Theodore 
Wilson, James G. Marshall, Charles A. Sterling. 



Thk Founders and Huii.ders of the Oranges. 



259 



Orange Whist Ci.UH. The favorite game of whist has of late years become more popular than 
ever. Clubs have been ori,fanized in various jiarts of the country which have not onl)- led to friendly 
contests but to the organization of a National Congress. The Orange Whist Club was organized 
October 2, 1894, by Messrs. S. T. Varian, T. K. Otis, G. W. Wallis. G. E. Zippel, E. C. Herring. H. A. 
Hottenroth, J. W. Hatt, L. P. Moller, II. Eldridge and L. C. Freeman. The first officers, who still 
continue, were: S. T. Varian, President; 1'. E. Otis, Vice-President; E. C. Herring, Secretary; G. E. 
Zippel, Treasurer; G. W. Wallis, Chairman Card Committee. The club now has a membership of fifty, 
and is said to have the strongest whist team in New Jersey. 




CHAPTER XVII. 

THE BUILDERS OF ORANGE. 
jL GENEALOGICAL AND BIOGRAPHICAL. 

>-TT|^^] 1 1 E K E are doubtless many individuals who, during the past half century, have con- 

*a\ 'fffr' ; tributed materially to the growth of Orange and ought to be noticed in a work of 

•yTfl .'>f\(^ I this character, but the difficulty of obtaining data regarding those who have passed 

•■;: ^ ^ awa)- or who have moved to other localities, and the unwillingness or inability of 

^V^fj^ - many of those of the present generation to supply the necessary information, nccessi- 

\t 1 - tates the omission of much interesting personal and family history. The names and 

.^^:\^ record of many who have been conspicuous as Builders of Orange will be found in 

J \^ .'^ their proper place among the descendants of the Founders. 

^1^ THE LIGHTHIPE FAMILY. 

The Lighthipes stand first in chronological order as Builders of tlie Oranges, their 
connection with Orange beginning two years after it was set off from Newark as a separate township. 
From that time to the present they have been constantly identified with the growth and prosperity of 
the township, town and city of Orange, in all of which Charles A. Lighthipe, the present representative, 
lias borne a conspicuous part. 

John Lighthipe, the ancestor of the family, came from Hrunsuick, Germany, about the beginning 
of the Revolution and immediately joined the Continental Army, serving faithfully until the close of the 
war. He then settled at Pompton Plains, N. J., and drew a pension until his death. He was a man of 
means and considerable influence in the community, lie married Mary Duffy, whose parents were 
natives of Scotland. 

Charles Lighthipe, a son of the ancestor, was born at Pompton, N. J. He removed to Orange 
in l8o8 aud was one of the leading manufacturers of that period. He built what is still known as the 
Lighthipe homestead on Main Street, near Jefferson, and had his factory on the same property. He 
was a man of strict integrity and honesty, and highly respected. He married Maria S. Condit, born 
April 25, 1789, daughter of Capt. Moses and Hannah (Smith) Condit. His father was a private in the 
Revolutionary War, and took part in the battle of Monmouth. 1 le was also a Captain of Militia in the 
War of 1812. He was a ruling elder in the First Presbyterian Church from 1805 until his death, in 1838. 
He was a brother of Dr. John Condit, a distinguished officer of the Revolution and for thirty years 
Representative and Senator in Congress. 

Charles Alexander LlGiixnirE, youngest son of Charles and Maria (Condit) Lighthipe, was 
born in Orange, at the homestead of his father, on Main Street, near Jefferson, October 11, 1824, and 
attended the little village school which was then located opposite St. Mark's Church, and the old 
Orange Academy on Main Street. He served his time at hat making and afterwards became the leading 
manufacturer in the business under the firm name of C. A. Lighthipe & Co. He carried on a successful 
manufacturing business for nearly twenty years, and was known from one end of the country to the 
other. He was one of the first to adopt the use of machinery which resulted in a large increase of his 
business. In 1865 he became interested in the hat-forming business, introducing the newly-invented 
hat-forming machine which produced a better grade of work with much less labor. He sold out his hat 




CHARLES A. LIGHTHIPE. 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 261 

business in 1863 and became interested in tiie patent forniini^ business, preparing the material used by 
the hat manufacturers. He purchased a lar^e factory property at Milburn where lie carried on the 
business successfully for many years, until the expiration of the patents, wlien, owiiif^ to the strong 
competition, it was no lonj^er remunerative. 

Mr. Lighthipe was one of the pioneers in the development of Orange and West Orange. He cut 
through and laid out Central Avenue from Centre Street to Valley Road. He was associated with Mr. 
Everett in the opening of North Jefferson Street, and was also instrumental in laying out Bell Street 
and a part of Essex Avenue. He and Mr. Everett opened Lincoln Avenue from Main Street to 
Highland Avenue, and named it in honor of President Lincoln. He owned, altogether, betweeii 
seventy-five and one hundred acres. In connection with Mr. Haskell, he opened Park Avenue from 
the Orange line to Valley road, in West Orange. He spent large sums of money in the improvement 
and development of this property. He also opened New England Terrace. Mr. Lighthipe was elected 
President of the Orange Bank on January 8, 1862, as the successor of Dr. Babbit, and continued in that 
position for twenty-three years, resigning January 13, 1885. His adminstration of its affairs was wise 
and judicious and during this period the bank grew from a small country bank to one of the strongest 
financial institutions in the State of New Jersey. It was during Mr. Lighthipe's administration that 
the bank was changed from a State to a National bank. When he assumed charge of its affairs in 1862 
the stock was below par; when he resigned the stock was worth 175, and paid 10 per cent, per annum 
dividends. In 1864-5 he represented his native town in the State Legislature. He was an active 
director of the Morris & Essex Railroad Company until that road was leased to the D. L. & W. R. R. Co. 

Every business enterprise with which Mr. Lighthipe has been connected has proved successful. 
For more than thirty years he has been a director in the American Insurance Co., of Newark, one of 
the most successful insurance companies in the State of New Jersey. He has also been a director in 
the Citizens' Gas Company almost from the date of its organization. In 1888 Mr. Lighthipe assisted 
in organizing the United States Industrial Insurance Company, of Newark, of which he is Vice- 
President and Treasurer. This, the second life insurance company in New Jersey operated on the 
industrial plan, bids fair to rival its older competitors. Mr. Lighthipe brought to bear a successful 
business experience of nearly half a century and has devoted all his energies to the development of 
this wise and beneficent plan of life insurance which enables the industrial classes to participate in its 
benefits. Mr. Lighthipe has been too much engrossed in business affairs to participate in the public 
affairs of his native township, but has worked faithfully in the interests of good government and 
contributed liberally to public improvements of every kind. He is a man of broad and liberal ideas 
and of generous impulses. In religious matters his interests have been with St. Mark's Episcopal 
Church, of which he has been for many years a warden and of which his sainted mother was one of the 
earliest members. Mr. Lighthipe married Sarah, daughter of Caleb Smith, son of Samuel, son of 
David, son of James Smith, the ancestor, who married the daughter of Deacon Azariah Crane, the 
founder of Cranetown, now Montclair. The issue of this marriage is Charles Francis, Arthur Nichols, 
Herbert, Ernest, Florence and Sarah M. 

Charles Francis, the eldest son of Mr. Lighthipe, was born in Orange, May 25, 1853: graduated 
at Harvard College, in 1875 ; read law in the office of Blake & Freeman, at Orange; attended Columbia 
College Law School; was admitted to the bar as an attorney in 1878, and as counsellor in 1881 ; is a 
practicing lawyer in Orange. 

DANIEL BABBIT, M. D. Dr. Babbit was born at Mendon, Morris County, N. J., August 3, 1788. 
He graduated at Princeton College and began the practice of medicine in Orange in 18 lO. He was a 
successful practitioner for over thirtj- years, and one of the most public-spirited citizens of his day. 
Shortly before his death he remarked to Dr. Pierson that when he came to Orange there was not a 
shade tree in the town. Moved by this deficiency he procured from Mendon, his native place (about 
1814), a number of buttonwood trees which he set out himself in front of his residence, on the west corner 




262 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

of Essex and Main Streets, also in front and around the First Presbyterian Church and other places. 
He distributed a number of trees among those who were willing to plant them. To this public-spirited 
act must be traced the practice of setting out shade trees which has made the streets of Orange such 
an ornament to the place. He encouraged public enterprises of every character, and was earnest in his 
efforts to promote the building of railroads in the State and in securing railroad communication between 
Orange and New York. He was long a director of the Morris and Essex Railroad Company. He 
assisted in organizing the Orange Bank and succeeded Stephen D. Day as its President. 

Ur. Babbit was elected councilman of the town of Orange from the Second 
Ward at the first election after the incorporation. He was a member of the Board 
of Freeholders and was chairman of the Auditing Committee. He was one of the 
trustees of the Orange Academy and was interested in everything tending to 
])romote the cause of education. He was one of the early members of Union 
Lodge, No. II, F. & A. M , and served as W.-. M.-. from 1S19 to 1824, and was 
prominent in Masonic affairs throughout the State. He remained loyal to the 
Order during the anti-Masonic excitement and when work was resumed by the 
Order in 1846 he was among the first to resume his labors in the Lodge. He was 
installed as Grand Master of Masons of the State of New Jersey, at Jersey City, 
DANIEL BABBIT, M. D. February 9, 1856, and held the position for one year, and continued active in the 
interests of the fraternity up to the time of his death Although his early religious 
education was received under the fostering care of the Presbyterian Church, he became identified with 
St. Mark's Episcopal Church, of Orange, soon after its organization, and was vestryman and warden for 
a number of years and represented the parish at the Convention of the Diocese. Dr. Babbit was twice 
married. His first wife was Nancy, daughter of Noah Matthews, of Orange. The issue of this 
marriage was Noah Matthews, William Matthews, Daniel Clinton, Phebe Louise, who married W. H. 
Vermilyea. He married, secondly, Charlotte Stryker, by whom he had one child, Charlotte Elizabeth. 

THE STETSON FAMILY. 

The Stetsons have been prominently connected with the hat industry of Orange for more th.in 
half a century. Of the early history of this branch of the family little is known, except that Stephen 
Stetson, the first of the name in Orange, came from Connecticut, where all the descendants of the 
immigrant ancestor have been settled for more than two hundred years. Stephen Stetson, of Orange, 
was probably a grandson of Stephen, born 1762, son of William (2), born 1738, son of William (i), born 
1700, son of Robert (2), born 1653, son of Robert Stetson, born in Scotland 1612, settled in Scituate, 
Mass., in 1634. He was cornet of the first Horse Company raised in Plymouth, Mass., 1658-9, and was 
known as "Cornet Robert." In 1661 he was chosen a member of the Council of War and held that 
position for more than twenty years. The Stephen Stetson referred to above came to Orange in the 
thirties and established a hat manufactory on the east branch of the Rahway River, where the present 
" No Name" hat manufactory is now located. He did a successful business for many years and estab- 
lished a reputation for the superior quality of his goods. ]5y his marriage with Susan Batterson, of 
Westport, Conn., he had twelve children. Four of his sons continued in the same line of business. 

HeNRV T. Stetson, the eldest son of Stephen and Susan Stetson, was born ^Lly 4. 1S17. He 
learned the hatter's trade with exceptional thoroughness and early engaged in business on his own 
account and as partner with his brother, Napoleon Stetson. As a business man he was one of the 
brightest, most energetic ant! successful of his period. In the early fifties his name stood first on the 
list of the hat manufacturers of Orange, and he employed a larger force of workmen than any of his 
competitors. He was cut off in the very prime of life, August 8, 1853, while coining from New York 
on the then New Jersey — now Pennsylvania — Railroad. While crossing the bridge over the Hackensack 
River the locomotive whistle was blown to warn some laborers near the track. The passengers on the 



The Founders and JJuilders of the Oranges. 263 

train became frijjhtcned, and Mr. Stetson attcmptetl to tlirow himself from tlie window but struck his 
head against tlie beams of the structure enclosing the bridge and was instantly killed. Mr. Stetson 
was best known in Orange for his business capacity, fine social qualities and his goodness of heart. He 
exemplified the motto borne on the arms of his early English ancestors, Vir/us Nobilitat Omnia — virtue 
ennobles all things. He is remembered by many of the ])rcsent day for his energy and activity in the 
promotion of all enterprises into which he embarked. The man\- organizations which have since made 
Orange famous as a philanthro[)ic community had no existence in his day. Had there been any sucii, 
however, he would ha\e been first and foremost to engage in them. He loved his fellow-men and 
sympathized w ith tlicni in their misfortunes, and was ever ready to lend a helping hand at whatever 
cost or personal sacrifice. His many virtues are still cherished in loving remembrance by those who 
knew him. He married Susan Campbell, and had three children, only one of whom, Horace, is 
now living. 

Napoleon Stetson, second son of Stephen Stetson, succeeded to the business of H. T. & N. 
Stetson until the financial depression of 1873. His impaired health for some years past has prevented 
him from engaging in business of any kind. He has resided for many years at his old homestead in 
the Valley, spending his winters in Florida. He was for many years an active member of Union Lodge, 
F. & A. M., having been " entered," " passed " and " raised " in that Lodge in 1846, and is at the present 
time the oldest living member. He has been twice married. His first wife was Mary Leonard, by 
whom he had seven children, of whom Ella, Emma, Clara Louise and Kate Loraine are respectively 
married to John N. Lindsley, D. Axford Vanhorne, George Strawbridge, of Philadelphia, and Philip F. 
Timpson. Harry Stetson, the only son, is President of the No Name Hat Manufacturing Company, 
and is now a member of the Orange Common Council. 

John B. Stet.son', the founder of the great Philadelphia house, which has earned a world-wide 
reputation for producing the highest grade of goods, is the third son of Stephen, and was born and 
educated in Orange, N. J., and learned the trade of his father. His efforts in behalf of his workmen 
have given him a national reputation and placed him among the great philanthropists of the 
present age. 

Charles W. Stetson, the fourth son of Stephen, was at one time a partner of John H. Stetson, 
in the business of hat manufacturing, but for several years, on account of his bad health, he has been 
compelled to live upon a farm and has resided in one of the suburbs of Philadelphia. 

Horace Stetson, second son of Henry T. and Susan Stetson, was born in Orange, April 7, 1848. 
He was but five years of age when he was left an orphan. From the time he began his professional 
career he has been wholly dependent on his own resources. His early education was acquired at private 
schools, his preparatory course, in 1 861-2, being at what was then known as Mt. Washington Institute, 
on Washington Square, New York City. He graduated from Columbia College in 1866, and read law in 
the office of John L. Blake, Esq., of Orange. He entered Columbia College Law School in 1S67, 
graduating in i86g, and was admitted to the bar of New Jersey the same year. He was elected City 
Clerk in May, 1871, and held that position continuous!}' for more than twenty-three years, under several 
administrations opposed to him [joliticall)', until June i, 1894, when he resigned. He was one of the 
most p()])ular officers who ever held a similar position in Esse.x County, and lawyers and laymen alike 
who were brought into close relations with him cherish with grateful remembrance his courteous treat- 
ment, his kindly manner, his cheerful disposition and readiness to assist them in the work connected with 
his office. In 1873 Mr. Stetson was made Assistant Treasurer of the Half Dime Savings Bank and in 
1883 became its Treasurer. At the beginning of his connection with the affairs of the bank, the 
number of depositors was about 800 and the amount of deposits S75.000; there are now 5,000 depositors 
and nearly $800,000 on deposit, with a clear surplus of over $1 10,000. Mr. Stetson has been connected 
with the Board of Education as its Secretary for nearly a quarter of a century, having been appointed 
to that position in 1873. He is a Pa.st Master of Corinthian Lodge, No 57, F. & A. M., in which he 
was made a M. M., and is also a member of Orange Chapter, R. A. M. In 1S76 Mr. Stetson married 



264 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



Eva J. Adams, daughter of Emery H. Adams, a descendant of Henry Adams, of Rraintree, Mass., the 
progenitor of Presidents John Adams and John Quincy Adams, and other distinguished members of 
the Adams family. Two daughters and three sons are the issue of this marriage. 

Henry Stetson, .sixth child of Napoleon and Mary (Leonard) Stetson, was born at the homestead 
on Tompkins Street, January 12, 1857. After receiving a fair education at the public schools of his 
native town he entered the hat manufactory known at present as the No Name Hat Manufacturing 
Company, and in the course of a few years mas- 
tered the mechanical details of the business, and 
when the No Name Company was organized in 
1882, with John B. Stetson as President, he 
became a stockholder and actively interested in 
the success of the business and when the company 
was reorganized in 1893 he was made President. 
It is one of the leading houses in the country and 
goods made by it are known from Maine to Cali- 
fornia. Mr. Stetson has exhibited great capacity 
and executive force in bringing the business to its 
present condition. He possesses many of the 
qualities that distinguished his grandfather and 
will no doubt make his mark in the world. The 
goods made by his company have attained such a 
wide reputation that the strong competition has 
but little effect on the business. The customers 
stand by Mr. Stetson knowing that they can always 
rely on his statements regarding the quality of 
goods. Mr. Stetson has recently become quite 
prominent in public affairs. He adheres to the 
Jeffersonian school of Democracy as did his father 
and grandfather. He has represented his ward — 
the third — in the Orange Common Council for 
the past three years and has received the nomina- 
tion for a second term. He is the third represent- 
ative of his family in Union Lodge, F. & A. M.. 

both his father and grandfather having preceded him. Mr. Stet.son was a member of the Orange Board 
of Trade up to the time of its dissolution. In 1882 he married Cornelia, daughter of James Wilson, 
of Orange, son of Moses J., a direct descendant of John Wilson, one of the Elizabethtown Associates. 
They have one child, Stephen Leonard, born in 1887. 

THE KINQSLEY FAHILY. 

The first representative of the legal profession in Orange. 
One of the inducements held out by the early settlers of Newark to encourage immigration was that 
there were no lawyers in the new settlement and it was many years before the legal profession received 
due recognition — not, in fact, until the land troubles brought many of the inhabitants to the verge of 
ruin. The Mountain Society trusted to their good dominie to draw up all their legal documents and to 
defend them against the unjust claims of the Lords Proprietors. The first representative of the legal 
profession in Orange and the first settler in this locality from the State of Vermont, was Philip Kingsley, 
who was evidently attracted by the great real estate boom that grew out of the discovery- of the Chal)-- 
beate Springs and which at that time drew people from all parts of the country. Althougli a native 
of Vermont, Mr. Kingsley represented the old Massachusetts family of this name. 




HENRY STETSON. 



TiiK Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 265 

John Kin<,'slcy, tlic cmi<^i;int ancestor, was born at Hampshire, Enj,dand, anil was one of the 
oripfinal purchasers of Taunton, Mass. He removed thence to Dorchester, in 1635 and became one of 
tlie founders of that town. The children of John Kingslcy were : Eldad, born i6^S, £»os, Edward, 
Renewall. 

Enos Kingsley, son of John Kingsley, was born in Dorchester, Mass., about 1640, and settled in 
Northampton, Mass. He married, June 15, 1662, Sarah, daughter of Edmund Ifaynes, of Springfield, 
and hatl issue, Ann : Samuel, born 1675 ; Remember, born 1677, died soon ; Hannah, born 168 r. 

Peleg Kingsley, a descendant of Enos in the fifth or sixth generation, was born in Northampton, 
Mass., September 3, 1767, and removed thence to Brattleboro, Vt., about the beginning of the present 
century. He married Anna Mason, horn November 7, 1772, died July ig, 1842. They had sons Philip, 
George Pliny anil other chililrcn. 

Philip Kingsley, probably a grandson of Samuel (2), was born March 28, 1799, in Brattleboro, 
Vt., his father having removed to that place from Northampton, Mass. In the History of Brattleboro, 
he and his brother Pliny are mentioned among the collegiate graduates of that place. He came to 
New Jersey as a young man and taught school at Caldwell. He studied law in the office of Hon. 
Theodore Frelinghuysen, of Newark, and was admitted to the New Jersey Bar as an attorne\- in the 
spring of 1828, and settled in Orange the same year, where he began practice. He was not only the 
first, but for many years the only lawyer in the place. There was considerable manufacturing in Orange 
at this time, and real estate had alread\- received quite an impetus. Mr. Kingsley soon acquired a 
lucrative practice. He was a man of kindlj' and generous disposition, and although it was against his 
own inteiests he alwaj-s discouraged litigation. He was friendU' to all, generous to the poor, never 
taking advantage of a debtor. Said one who had known him intimatel)' for years, " I think he was the 
best man I ever knew." He was highly respected for his legal abilities and strict integrity. On May 
24, 1852, a meeting of the Bar of Esse.x County was held at the Court House in Newark, and the 
following resolutions adopted : 

" Resolved, That wc have heard with regret of the death of our friend ami brother. Philip Kingsley, 
Esq. 

"That in his death we are called upon to lament the loss of a member of the Esse.x Bar who was 
ever distinguished by courtesy toward his fellows in the profession and bj- liberality toward all those 
with whom he came in contact. 

"That by his appreciation of business and fidelity to the interests of his client, he has set us an 
e.xample worthy of imitation. 

"That we wear the usual badge of mourning for the space of thirty days. 

"That the proceedings of this meeting be published in the papers of the count}- ami that a copy of 
these resolutions be sent to the family of our deceased friend, and that the chairman be requested to 
apply to the Esse.x County Courts at their ne.xt term for leave to spread them upon their records." 

Similar action was taken by Union Lodge, No. 11, F. & A. M., of Orange, of which Mr. Kingsley 
was long a worth)' member and served as Worshipful Master from 1846 to 1849. 1 he resolutions stated 
that society had " lost an honest, upright and useful man ; the poor, a generous and confiiling friend, 
and the Lodge a worthy and beloved member," and that "the remembrance of his many virtues exercised 
both as a man and as a mason, shall be sacredh' cherished in our hearts until, like him, we shall all have 
passed 'to that bourne from whence no traveller returns.'" Mr. Kingsley married liomana A., daughter 
of John Morris Lindsley (.see Lindsley family), and by her had three children — a daughter who died 
young, George Pliny and Philip. 

George Plinv Kingslev, eldest son of Philip and Romana A. (Lindsley) Kingsley, was born in 
Orange, May 12, 1842, at the homestead on Day Street, where the present High School is now located. 
His preparatory course of study was received at the Newark Academy and he was graduated at the 
University of the City of New York in 1863, and later at Columbia College Law School. He read law 
in the office of John L. Blake, Esq., in Orange, and was admitted to practice as an attornej- in 1866, 



266 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges, 

and as counsellor in 1875, and has continued in active practice for more than thirty years. During this 
period he has been at times connected with various business and other enterprises. He has been 
treasurer of the Orange Savings Bank, previous to which he was secretary; his connection with this 
institution dating from 1865. He was a leading spirit in the founding of the Memorial Hospital, of 
Orange, and has continued his interest in this work. While identified with the Republican party, he 
has never had any ambition for public office. He was one of the early members of the New England 
Society, of Orange, having joined it within a few months after its organization. He was for some time 
a member of the Board of Education and is still interested in its affairs. He has been connected with 
the Rosedale Cemetery as treasurer since 1875. As a lawyer he is careful, painstaking, reliable and 
thorough. He holds at the present time (1896) the position of City Counsel. He is of a quiet, 
unassuming disposition and inherits many of the traits for which his honored father was distinguished. 
Mr. Kingsley married Abby H. Mason, daughter of Timothy B. Mason, of Cincinnati, Ohio. 

THE BLAKE FAMILY. 

Among the first of the New York accessions to the old township of Orange after 1840 was Rev. 
John L. Blake, D. D., who came here in 1842 and purchased the John Fleming property, on the west 
side of Centre .Street, about three-quarters of a mile north of South Orange Avenue. The tract 
consisted of thirty-two acres, upon which he built a modest dwelling-house, removing to and occupying 
the same in 1846. It was then and for some time thereafter, one of the twelve dwellings on Centre 
Street between the present Henry Street and Jeptha Baldwin's home on South Orange Avenue. He 
was preceded in the township by Andrew P. Pillot, Charles A. Heckscher and Matthias O. Halsted, of 
the New York party. No one was quicker than he to anticipate the growth and development of the 
district, aiul in the spring of 1857 he opened Tremont Avenue through his property, between Centre 
Street and the present Berkeley Avenue, in connection with the work of James R. Gilmore westward to 
the present Ridgewood Road. Tremont Avenue was then the only "cross road "— from Centre Street 
to Scotland Street^in the whole territory lying south of Main Street. This was the beginning of the 
improvements in that particular section of the township. 

Rev. John Lauris Blake, D. D., was of the fifth generation in lineal descent from Jasper Blake 
and Deborah, his wife, of Hampton, N. H. The early history of Jasper is unknown, but it is said that 
he went to Hampton before 1649 and that he was married soon after his arrival. His wife was sister of 
two famous men — Philemon and Timothy Dalton, the last named being the first "teacher" of the 
church in that place. The line of descent of John L. Blake is through Timothy, died 1718; Israel, 
born 1683, settled in Nottingham, N. H.; Joseph, born 171 1, and Jonathan, born 1754. Jonathan, the 
father of John Lauris, settled in the town of Northwood, N. H., and married Mary Dow, one of the 
descendants of Henry Dow, who came to New Hampshire about 1645. 

John Lauris Blake was bom in Northwood, N. H., December 21, 1788. His baptismal name was 
simply John, but after he became a student he adopted the middle name of Lauris. When a boy he 
alternately worked on his father's farm and attended the district school. Showing a taste for mechanics 
at twelve years of age, he was apprenticed to a cabinet maker and afterwards labored as a journeyman 
in Salem, Mass. While there he joined the Tabernacle Church and resolved to enter the ministry. He 
entered Philips' Exeter Academy, where he remained two years and afterward taught school for several 
months at Bedford, Mass. He entered the sophomore class of Brown University, at Providence, R. L, 
from which he was graduated in 1812. After his graduation and until 1814 he studied theology, and 
was also employed as the master of the Westminster School, in Providence. He was licensed to preach 
by the Rhode Island Association of Congregational Ministers in 1813, but becoming interested in the 
Episcopal Church he was ordained deacon by the Rt. Rev. Bishop Griswold, in 18 15. His honesty and 
consistency were so well understood by his former associates in the ministry that he did not lose the 
friendship of a single one of them because of his changed relations. He began a mission in Pawtucket, 
near Providence, in May. 1815; organized St. Paul's parish and upon the day of his consecration, in 



Tin; Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 267 

1816, was made rector. He remained there until 1820, when he returned to New Hampshire and took 
charge of the churches in Concord and Hopkinton. He also established in Concord a school foi young 
ladies. In this enterprise he was eminently successful. He continued his religious work at the same 
time. He removed his school to Boston in 1822, remaining at its head until 1830 and making for it a 
high reputation. From 1824 till 1832, when, because of ill-health, he was compelled to give up preach- 
ing, he was rector of St. Matthew's Church, in Boston, and subsequently he devoted himself entirely to 
literary work. He was editor of the Literary Advertiser and the Gospel Aihocate and was an active 
member of the Boston school committee for several years: he also contributed largely to the secular 
press. His most important publication at this time was his "General Biographical Dictionary," on 
which he spent five years of arduous labor. He wrote or compiled about fifty volumes, mostly te.xt 
books, embracing treatises on astronomy, chemistry, natural philosophy, botany, geography and history. 
His first work was a Text Book of Geography and Chronology (1814). His " Biographical Dictionary" 
was published in New York in 1835, and just before his death he jniblished a revised edition of the 
same under the title of "Universal Biographical Dictionary" (Philadelphia, 1857). 

During his long residence in Orange and up to the day of his death, he continued his religious work 
and was one of the most active supporters of St. Mark's Episcopal Church, frequently ofificiatino in 
the absence of the rector. Mr. Biake died July 6, 1857, at the age of 69. His first marriage was June 
25, 1814, to Louisa Gray Richmond, of Providence, R. I. She died January 3, 1S16, a few days after 
the birth of her only child, Henry Kirkc, who was lost at sea July 4, 1834. He was married again on 
December 6, 1816, to Mary Howe, youngest daughter of Samson and Huldah (Davis) Howe, of 
Killingly, Conn. His children were Alexander Viets, born 1818; Louisa Richmond, born 1822, married 
George F. Tyler, of Philadelphia ; John Lauris, born March 25, 183 1. Bishop George W. Doane, of New 
Jersey, who knew him well, said of him ; " He was not a common man. He was born in love with 
learning. Authorship was his occupation. His was a shrewd, sagacious, practical mind. There was no 
nonsense in it, no ambiguity, no superfluity. He was a good man; he was a true friend; he was a 
philosopher in the best sense of the word; lie was a real churchman ; he was a pious Christian. His 
memory is blessed." 

THE EVERITT FAMILY. 

Isaac J. Everitt. At the time of his death Mr. Everitt was one of the oldest and most prosperous 
merchants of Orange. He was the third child of John D. and Roxanna (Decker) Everitt, was born 
at Montague, Sussex County, N. J., December 5, 1825, died in Orange in November, 1875. He was 
a descendant in the fourth generation of Jacob Everitt, who came to this country in 1755 and settled 
in Hunterdon County, N. J. When he was seven years old his parents removed to Sandiston, Susse.x 
County, where he began life as a clerk in his father's store. Three years later he bought out Mr. Day's 
interest in the business and became junior member of the new firm of Bailey & Everitt. Mr. Everitt 
always took a great interest in town affairs. It was principally through his influence that the first 
telegraph line was brought to Orange, the ofifice being originall)' in the old store and afterward in 
Library building. He was one of the original republicans in Orange, and an ardent supporter of the 
government during the war. When Orange was incorporated Mr. Everitt was acti\e in securing the 
passage of the charter. He was for some years a director of the Orange Savings Bank and a director 
of the Republic Trust company, of Newark, and was also a director of the Orange National Bank, but 
withdrew at the time of the change in its administration. He was also treasurer of the Rosedale 
Cemetery Company until his death. He was for many years the appraiser for all insurance companies 
desirous of effecting loans on property in this vicinity, and his was accepted as the standard valuation 
on Orange property. 

Mr. Everitt was one of the most active members of the Joint Water Committee, and it was owing 
to his individual efforts that the experiments were made which resulted in a plentiful supply of water 
for Orange. At the time when the work upon the streets was being done in an imperfect manner and 
that part of th.e city's expense was costing thousands of dollars for which there did not appear to be 



268 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



adequate results, Mr. Everitt volunteered to take the office of Street Commissioner at one-third the 
salary which was then paid, to administer the department satisfactorily and to give his personal 
attention to the work. He was appointed by the Common Council and served one year. During his 
first term some eight or ten thousand dollars was saved to the city, and the streets were kept in better 
condition than ever before, Mr. Everitt receiving as his salary S350. He was reappointed in the spring 
of 1875 and was serving his second term at the time of his death. He was said to be the most efificient 
Street Commissioner that Orange ever had. Mr. Everitt married Martha B. daughter of James Britton 
Armstrong, of Montague, Sussex County, N. J. They had issue, Edward Allen, Mary Louisa, John 
Davis, Robert Armstrong, Frances Armstrong, Willis Britton. 

Edward Allen Everitt, eldest child of Isaac J. and Martha Britton (Armstrong) Everitt, was 
born on Day, near William Street, April 19, 1854. He attended the best private schools and completed 
his education at the High School, of Orange. He entered the firm of Bailey & Everitt (his father's 
firm) as clerk, continuing in that capacity until his father's death. A new copartnership was then 
formed, Mr. George W. Kynor, a former clerk, entering the new firm, which was changed to that of 
Bailey, Everitt & Co., and notwithstanding the changes by death, the busines is still carried on under 
that name. Mr. Everitt became his father's successor as manager of the Orange Savings Bank. He 
was one of the founders and the first V'ice-Prcsident of the Second National Bank. Mr. E\eritt married 
Ellen J. Fields, daughter of James B. Fields, a native of Paterson, N. J., son of Peter, a native of 
Rockland, County. N. Y , son of James. 



STEPHEN WICKES, M. D. As a physcian Dr. Wickes was long and favorably known throughout 
the Oranges; as a local historian, and as historian of the medical profession of the State of New Jersey, 

he rendered the most important service of any man of 
his period. Stephen Wickes, son of Van Wyck and Eliza 
(Herriman) Wickes, and a descendant of Thomas Wickes, 
grantee, in 1666. of Huntington, L. I., was born in Jam- 
aica, L. I., March 17, 1S13. He was graduated at Union 
College in 1S31. In the fall of 1832 he entered the 
Medical Department of the University of Pennsylvania, 
and in 1834 received his degree of M. 1). He began the 
practice of his profession in New York City and after a 
short period removed to Troy, N. Y., where he continued 
practice for some fifteen years, a portion of the time with 
Dr. Thomas W. Blatchford, his old preceptor. While a 
resident of Tro\-, Dr. Wickes was ruling elder of the First 
Presbyterian Church of that city. President of the Rens- 
selaer Tract Society and a trustee of the Rensselaer 
Polytechnic Institute. He removed to Orange in 1852 
where he resided until his death He had a successful 
practice in Orange, but was better known as a writer on 
medical and sanitary subjects. He was for twenty-five 
years chairman of the New Jersey State Medical Society, 
and in 1884 was its President. He was a member of the 
American Medical Association, of the National Sanitary 
Association, of the New Jersey Sanitary Association and 
an honorary member of the New York State Medical 
Societ}-, etc. In 1879 he published his " History of 
Medicine in New Jersey and of its Medical Men from the 
Settlement of the Province to A. D. iSoo," and in 1884 a 




STKI'IIKN WICKES, M. D. 



Thk Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 269 

work entitled '•Sepulture; Its History, Methods aiul Sanitary Kequisites." He spent many years of 
laborious research in collecting material for the history of the Mountain Society, whicii, with otiier 
interesting historical data, was published after his death by the New England Society, under the name 
of "Wickes" History of the Oranges." It is one of the most valuable contributions to the history of 
this locality, especially of the Mountain Society and First Presbyterian Church, ever published, and is 
recognized as a standard authority on local history. Dr. Wickes was an active and prominent member 
of the New Jersey Historical Society and took a deep interest in the work of this society. It was his 
work, however, in connection with the First Presbyterian Church, of Orange, that absorbed more of his 
time and attention than anything else. Long a luling elder in this church, he worked incessantly to 
ailvance the cause of religion and leil, himself, a most e.\emplar\- Christian life. 

THE PATTON FAHII^Y. 

Ludlow Patton, the representative of the Patton family in the Oranges, was one of the first of the 
New York business men to locate permanently in that part of Orange township known as South Orange 
and Orange Valley. He visited the "water cure" establishment in 185 1-2 and was so well pleased with 
the location and surroundings that he purchased twenty-six and one-half acres, being a part of what in 
the early times was known as the Zenas Freeman farm. It was located on the side of the mountain, 
partly in South Orange and partly in what was then Orange, now West Orange. He built a §10,000 
dwelling and a $3,000 barn, a large sum in tho.se days. He reclaimed, trimmed, adorned and put in 
superb condition these acres. A beautiful fountain — the only one then in the Oranges— sent up continu- 
ously its jet of spray in the midst of a lawn dotted with the rarest and most graceful trees and shrubbery. 
It was at that time one of the finest residences in any part of the Oranges. He gave it the name of 
" Dawnwood." These improvements drew the attention of others to this locality and gave an impetus 
to the movement which had just begun in the sale of suburban property. The ])rice paid by him at 
the time was only S96 an acre. It is probably worth as much as that per running foot at the 
present time. 

The name of Paton is written in old deeds Patton, and the family, originally from the south of 
England, is of considerable antiquity. An old parchment dceti in the possession of an English family 
of the name states that " in the si.\-and-twentieth year of Henry VI, William Patten alias Waynflete 
(from a town in Lancashire where he was born) was son and heir of Richard Patten and eldest brother 
of John, Dean of Chichester." For his learning he was first consecrated Bishop of Winchester, then 
for his wisdom made Lord Chancellor of England, and was the sole founder of the Magdalen College, 
in 0.x ford. 

Col. Robert Patton, the grandfather of Ludlow Patton, of Orange, was born in Westport, Ireland, 
in 1755, and died in New York City, January 3, 1814. He was brought to this country when he was 
seven years of age and resided in Philadelphia. In October, 1776, he enlisted as private in the Revolu- 
tionary Army, was taken prisoner by the British and confined for some time in New York City. After 
his liberation he rose to the rank of major and served under Washington and Lafayette; he was later 
promoted to a colonelcy. He was one of the original members of the Society of the Cincinnati. In 
1789 he was appointed by President Washington, postmaster of Philadelphia, that office then being the 
most important in the country. He discharged the duties continuoush- for nearl\- twenty )'ears when 
he resigned and went to New York City. He was intimate with President Madison and the latter 
offered him the postmaster-generalship, but Patton refused the appointment on the ground that he was 
unwilling to remo\e his family fiom a free to a slave communit)-. One of his chief characteristics was 
his strict integrity. When he was made postmaster he refused to appoint any of his sons to a clerkship 
and on his resignation he strictly enjoined them not to apply to be his successor, saying that the office 
had been long enough in his family and should now go to another. When war was declared in 1812 
and a government loan, which e\ery one prophesied would prove a failure, was placed on the market, 
he went at an early hour on the first day and subscribed §60,000, asserting that if his countrj- should be 



270 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

ruined his property would then be valueless. Col. Patton married Cornelia, daughter of Robert and 
Jemima (Shepard) Bridges. The latter was a son of Edward Bridges and Cornelia Culpepper, and 
throu"^h this line Mrs. Patton was connected with Lord Thomas Coalpepper, second colonial Governor 
of Virginia. Through the same line the descent is also traced from Oliver Cromwell. Col. Patton was 
a descendant of the noble family of Chandoss. By his marriage with Miss Bridges, Col. Patton had 
eight children, among whom was William Patton. 

Rev. William Patton, D. D., son of Col. Robert and Cornelia (Bridges) Patton, was born in Phila- 
delphia, August 23, 1798. He was graduated at the Middlebury (Vt.) College, in 1818, and at Princeton 
(N. J.) Theological Seminary, two years later. He began his labors as city missionary in New York 
and organized the Broome Street Presbyterian, known as the Central Presbyterian Church, which he 
started with four members and which, under his pastorate, grew to be one of the largest and most 
influential churches in New York. He was ordained as pastor by the New York Presb\-tery in 1822. 
He solicited and personally contributed the money for building the church edifice. The Madison 
Avenue Presbyterian (Dr. Parkhurst's) Church, and the Fifty-seventh Street Presbyterian Church are 
the outgrowth of the Broome Street Church. He was one of the organizers of the American Home 
Missionary Society, in 1826, and assisted in organizing the Third Presb)-tery of New York in iS3t. He 
resigned his charge of the Broome Street Church in 1834 to accept the secretaryship of the American 
Education Society. In 1836 he received the honorary degree of D. D. from the University of the City 
of New York, in the founding of which he took an active part. He severed his connection with the 
American Education Society in 1837 and on October 11 of that year was installed as pastor of the 
Spring Street Presbyterian Church. He was the founder of the World's Evangelical Alliance, which he 
did in a letter to Rev. John Angel James, of Birmingham, England, on March 23, 1843. ^'^ attended 
the convention in August, 1846, that organized the Alliance. He was the founder of the New York 
Union Theological Seminary and first proposed its establishment, and raised $50,000 of the $75,000 first 
contributed for its support. He acted for many years as one of its directors, contributing liberally to 
its funds, and serving without pay as Professor Extraordinary of Homiietics, Pastoral Theology and 
kindred studies. He made fourteen visits to Europe between 1825 and 1879. He was an earnest 
opponent of slavery and was for forty years a member of the Executive Committee of the American 
Home Missionary Society. His views on the subject of temperance were equally radical. In the 
pulpit he was characterized by his strong grasp upon his subject, his simplicity, directness and freshness. 

Dr. Patton was a man of great individuality and power. Anecdotes are abundant to-day of his 
strength as a preacher and his rare gift of humor and geniality in conversation. He had a commanding 
presence and an original way of enforcing the truth which gave his sermons a staying quality. He 
remained with the Spring Street Church until October 29, 1847, ^t^ then accepted the pastorate of the 
Hammond Street Congregational Church, which had been gathered and organized by his personal 
friends. He remained until 1852 and then retired from pastoral work. He removed soon afterward to 
New Haven, Conn., where he devoted his time to literary and occasional ministerial work. Besides 
editing President Jonathan Edwards' work on revivals, and Charles G. Fenney's "Lectures on Revivals" 
(London, 1839), ^"<^ "The Village Testament" (New York, 1835), and assisting in editing "The Christ- 
ian Psalmist" (1836), he published "The Laws of Fermentation and the Wines of the Ancients" (1871), 
"The Judgement of Jerusalem Predicted in Scriptures, Fulfilled in History" (London, 1879), "Jesus of 
Nazareth" (1S78), and " Bible Principles and Bible Characters" (Hartford, 1S79), besides writing many 
pamphlets on various subjects. In 1833 he took an English commentary called the Cottage Bible and 
so recast, changed, enlarged and improved it as to make it substantially a new work, and issued it in 
two royal octavo volumes. Over 170,000 copies of this most useful family commentary have been sold 
in this country. 

Rev. William Patton, D. D., died in New Haven, September 9, 1879. His wife, Mary Weston, born 
in W'altham, Mass., March 6, 1793, was the daughter of Zachariah Weston, born in Lincoln, Mass., 
March 8, 175 i, a descendant of John Weston, of Salem, Mass., born 1631, died 1723. Dr. Patton was 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



271 



larfjely indebted for liis success in his great life work to the prudent counsels and lieart_\- sjnipatliy of 
his admirable wife, whom he married soon after reaciiing his majorit)- and to whom his accomplished 
son. Rev. William F attmi, D. D., President of Howard University, Washington City, owes no little of 
his eminence as a man and a minister. A brother of Dr. Patton was the late Robert B. Patton, 
Professor of Greek in the New York Universit)'. The children of Rev. William Patton and Mary 
(Weston) Patton were William ilcnry, William Weston. Cornelia Magoffin, Mary, Ludlou\ Elenor 
Chandler. John Magoffin. Catharine Face, John Angell James and I-lmily. 

Ludlow Patton, fifth child and third son of Rev. William and Mary (Weston) Patton, was born 
in New York City, August 3, 1825. He was reared in that city and kept in training for the gospel 
ministry, receiving the usual primary and academic course of education, together witli considerable 
theological indoctrination and experience. At fourteen years of age a good Presbyterian elder iji his 
father's church (Tredwell Ketcham) offered him a position in his banking and stock brokerage office, at 
55 Wall Street, which he promptly accepted. The young man forsook the University grammar school, 
bidding good-bye to Greek, Latin and Theology, and on February i, 1840. entered with enthusiasm on 
his business career. Salaries were small in those days, but having economical habits the youth always 
made two ends meet, and as his salary grew year by year he began to acquire some capital, which he 
kept advantageously turning over, so that before he became of age he was financially well-to-do. Faith- 
ful, honest and industrious as a boy he was duly promoted, and on February i, 1851, was taken into 
partnership with his employer, under the firm name of T. Ketcham & Co., receiving an interest of 
one-eighth in the business. On being elected, five months afterwards, to the New York Stock Exchange, 
his interest in the business was increased to one-quarter. On May i, 1856, Mr. Patton established the 
firm of Ludlow Patton & Co., and can ied on an ex- 
tensive and successful business for seventeen years. 
In addition to his regular business he was success- 
fully interested in the building of three railroads 
and in the mining of quicksilver and bituminous 
coal. For a long series of years he was a director 
in seven corporations, such as railroad, life insur- 
ance, quicksilver and coal companies lie was a 
director for eleven years in the Howard Universitj-, 
Washington, D. C, of which his brother, Rev. 
William W. Patton, D. D., L.L. D., was President. 

On April i, 1873, thinking there were other 
things to do in life than the making of money, he 
withdrew from business with an ample fortune. 
Mr. Patton ascribes his financial success to the 
fact that he did a connnission business looking well 
after fat margins, and to the lending of his capital 
on good, marketable securities at remunerative 
rates. His membership in the Stock E.xchange 
cost him four hundred dollars. When he had no 
further use for the same he sold it for $32,000. 
On February 28, 1849, ^^''- Patton married Miss 
Abby Hutchinson, daughter of Jesse and Mary 
Hutchinson, of Milford, New Hampshire. She 
was one of the celebrated Hutchinson Family of 
singers that achieved a world-wide reputation in 
their day, and concerning whom N. P. Willis made 
a capital ban mot on the occasion of their debut in lldlow patton. 




The Founders and Builders of the Oranges 



New York City: "It is a nest of brothers with a sister in it." Abby Hutchinson was one of the 
brightest, loveliest and most talented women of licr day and Llewellyn Park owes much of its beauty 
and attractiveness to her thoughtful suggestions. 

There was a charm about Mrs. Patton that was irresistable. The anti-slavery conventions were 
often disturbed by mobs, but the uproar would be hushed as by magic when Abby's voice would ring 
out the " Slave's Appeal," and in the hush that followed, Garrison and Wendell Phillips would get a 
hearing. The presence and charm of Abby held the pro-slavery audience of that day in check. Her 
marvellous voice, captivating manners and a certain undefinable, magnetic power had the effect of 
subduing the most unruly spirits. In personal appearance Mrs. Patton was of medium size, with a 
bright, intelligent face, large, dark, speaking eyes, with teeth like pearls, an exquisite complexion and a 
radiajit smile. She was, surely, one of the sweetest creatures that ever grew up in the sunshine and 
love of a happy home. Had Wordsworth known her he would have immortalized her as he has done her 
who " dwelt among the untrodden ways." She was simplicity itself and totally unspoiled bj- the admira- 
tion and applause which her touching singing everywhere called forth. Her grace of manner was 
natural and unstudied. She had a quiet self-possession which, instead of repelling, had the effect of 
attracting those who conversed with her. Her moral qualities were equally beautiful and winning. No 
one could converse with her without feeling oneself to be in the presence of an artless, pure and simple 
nature, which no applause or success could divest of its original freshness. In music, poetry and art 
Mrs. Patton possessed gifts of the highest order. She "sung, making melody in her heart," and carried 
joy and gladness wherever she went. She composed a great deal of music, both vocal and instrumental, 
but her modesty restrained her from publishing much. Her best known published music was " Kind 
Words Can Never Die," and Alfred Tennyson's " Ring Out, Wild Bells." In 1891 Mrs. Patton privately 
printed for her friends a little volume called "A Handful of Pebbles." containing a few poems inter- 
spersed with brief paragraphs setting forth the 
essence of her happy philosophy. Many of 
these " pebbles," both in prose and verse, are 
gems of wise ami happy expression. A copy 
of this book is to be found in the Orange F"rec 
Library. Mrs. Patton founded, in 1863, in 
^^^ Library Hall, the first kindergarten school of 

<^J '^'^T ^^^MHjir Orange. Over this she placed her niece. Miss 

^'^f^ Or Victoria Hutchinson, who successfully carried 

('^^^^ ^^^0 f it on until her death the following \-ear. Mrs. 

i9^^ ■ ■ ■■ fc Patton was one of the original members of 

the famous Woman's Club " Sorosis," and for 
several years took an active part in its affairs. 
She was much interested in the atlvancement 
of women and labored, also, in the cause of 
temperance antl prison reform. 

Mrs. Patton was favored with the personal 
friendship and esteem of many prominent men 
and women — poets, singers, actors and writers 
— living during her time. In England she was 
the guest of such writers and thinkers as Mr. 
and Mrs. Charles Dickens, William and Mary 
Howitt, Harriet Martineau, Douglas Jerrold, 
Mr.s. Tom Hood, Alexander Ireland, Hartley 
Coleridge, Hon. Mrs. Norton, Richard Cobden, 
M. P., John Bright, M. P., George Thompson, M. P., Mr. Hogarth, the historian of music, Eliza Cook, 



.'3 





MKS. ABBY (HUTCHISSONI I'ATTON. 



Tin; FOUNDKKS AM) liUILDERS OF THE ORANGES. 273 

Daniel 0"Coiinell, Father Matlliew, Charles Mackay, Mark Lemon, the editor of Punch, and other noted 
literary people. The last public performance of Mrs. Patton was on Sei)tember 10, 1S9J, when she 
sang, along with iier luisl)and and her brother John, at the funeral of lier life long friend, John G. 
Whittier, the Quaker poet. Tiiey sang "Close his Eyes, His Work is Done," the words of which were 
written by Mrs. I'atton on the spur of that moment. They came with heads silvered by age, but with 
voices still full of the old harmony, to sing at the grave of their friend. It was a fitting and beautiful 
tribute to the memorj- of the noble departetl poet. Onl\- a few da)'s before Mrs. Patton's sudden illness 
and death, she composed in her sleep at night the words and music of a song prophetic of her 
departure. She awoke sutldenh- and sang the refrain: 

" 1 live ti>-<l;iy. I live to-day. 
The hours are passing fast away." 

To the day of her death, which occurred November 24, 1892, by apoplexy, her face beamed with 
purity and benevolence and her voice lost none of its sweetness. She also retained that winning vivacity 
of manner which characterized her earlier days. Her soul never grew old. Her eyes were as sparkling 
and the expression as sweet as they were always remembered to have been. Her hand was ever out- 
stretched to help those who were in need and her words of courage and sympathy came from a heart 
overflowing with kindness. She had many warm friends in the Oranges and the memory of kind acts 
and sweet, loving disposition will be cherished by those who knew and loved her. '1 he union of Ludlow 
and Abby, as they were familiarly called, seemed to their friends an ideal one through all the forty-four 
years of their married life. At her request and desire Mr. Patton, later on, married her niece, Marion 
Loveridgc, of Orange, in whom has descended, to a large degree, the musical talent of her aunt. 

In the spring of 1865 Mr. Patton sold his beautiful residence on the mountainside. It remained as 
a monument to his memory for some years as one of the pioneers of the new movement, but was finally 
destroyed by fire as was, also, the outbuildings. Mr. Patton never made any other investments in real 
estate, but was influential in bringing others to Orange and in encouraging public improvements of 
every kind. Soon after his retirement from business in 1S73 Mr. Patton, in company with his wife, 
started on a traveling tour which lasted about ten years. During that time they visited nearly every 
portion of their own country, including the whole Pacific coast, from San Diego to Sitka, Alaska ; also 
every country in Europe except Lapland and Portugal, making, also, an extended tour of the whole 
north coast of Africa and up the river Nile to and above the first cataract, to the island of Phila-. 
They also visited Palestine, Syria and Asia Minor. 

Mr. Patton was a voluminous newspaper correspondent, occasionally over his own signature, but 
generally under the uoin de plitvie of Visitor, Traveler, Brother Jonathan and Nottap Woldul, which 
latter is his name spelled backward. He commenced his newspaper articles in the Orange Journal, and 
in the years of 1857 to 1862 will be found many of his letters. He wrote for the Milford, N. H., 
Enterprise one hundred and twelve letters of travel. For several years, while in active business, he 
wrote the New York financial letters for one of the prominent Chicago newspapers. Mrs. Patton also 
wrote many letters of travel for the Portland, Me., Transcript. 

Mr. Patton is musical, having a rich tenor voice, and a player on sever.d musical instruments, using 
them as accompaniments to some of his .songs. He sings with an enthusiasm that is infectious. For 
several years he was in the habit of attending the Stock Brokers' annual dinners, at Delmonico's. sur- 
prising and delighting his fellow-brokers by the singing of his original songs, bringing into them many 
hits at the speculations and speculators of the day. He sang duetts with his wife, both in private 
sociables and in public, for charitable causes. He wrote songs for especial occasions, but, considering 
his wife a true poet and musician, he usually left that feature to her good taste and judgment. Hoth 
were singers, both writers of ability, both ever ready to use their gifts, either mental or pecuniary, to 
calls for charity. Mr. Patton is a spiritually minded man. At the early age of twelve years he united 
with the Spring Street Presbyterian Church, New York City, of which his father was the pastor. With 



274 I^H^ Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

his growth in years came much reading and study concerning religious matters. With the growth in 
art, learning, invention and science, he thought that religion should grow too, and not be confined to 
the creeds and dogmas of ancient days. He believed in progress and was much imbued with modern 
tiiought and requirements. In 1853 he withdrew from the Presbyterian church and has since then been 
in sympathy with tlie advanced religious thinkers of the times. At present, when in Orange, he attends 
the Unitarian church, of which Rev. Edward Hale is pastor, and contributes to its support, for he says: 
" I believe in very little creed and in a large amount of practical do good religion." Mr. Patton believes 
that the body is but the hou^e in wliicli the spirit lives for a few brief years to work out the purpose of 
its Creator, and that death is a recognition that the purposes have been attained, and the spirit leaving 
its tenement of clay enters in upon a fuller comprehension of life's purposes; that creeds, rituals and 
forms of belief count for nothing, but that life, effort and endeavor are the all-important factors in the 
scheme of existence. Here is the sowing, there in the great Beyond, the reaping; here the endeavor, 
there the result ; here the laying of the foundation, there the gloiious upbuilding of the temple. Mr. 
Patton has reached his three score years and ten, and is still in excellent health and spirits, ever ready 
with a kind and cheerful word to all with whom he comes in contact. His old love of travel still clings 
to him and lie is quite apt, suddenly, to take his wife and go off to countries and localities by him yet 
unvisited. 

THE ROPES FAHILY. 

Uavid N. Ropes, one of the earliest pioneers of the " new moxement," was preeminently a Builder 
of the Oranges, and his operations did more for the development of Orange than those of any other 
individual, adding hundreds of thousands of dollars to the value of property lying north of Main and 
west of Uay Streets. Mr. Ropes comes of Knglish and Huguenot stock dating back several generations. 
According to Burke's " Landed Gentry," the original spelling of the name was Roope. The pedigree 
of Roope was entered in the College of Arms, October 11, 1600, with the following Arms. — Argent, a 
lion, rampant, per fesse, gules and vert, between seven pheons, azure. Crest. — A cock pheasant, combed 
and wattled gules. Motto. — Nulla rosa sine spinnis. 

George Ropes, the American ancestor of the family, came to this country with his wife, Mary, 
and settled in Salem, 1637. He joined the church at Salem, March 15, 1642 ; he died 1670. He had 
children, John and George. 

John Ropes, son of George, was baptized Jul\- 4, 1647. He married, March 25, 1669, L\-dia Wells, 
and had Samuel, born 1686, and other children. 

Samuel Ropes, son of John and Lydia (Wells) Ropes, was born January 24, 1686-7; died October 
12, 1761. He married Lydia, daughter of Joseph Neal, and had, among other children, Benjamin, 
born 1 72 I. 

Benjamin Ropes, son of Samuel and Lydia 1 Neal) Ropes, was horn March 22, 1721 ; he died 
April 20, 1790. He married Ruth, daughter of Joseph antl Sarah (i'ickering) Hard)-, ami had, among 
other children, Timothy, horn 1773. 

Timothy Ropes, son of Benjamin and Ruth (llanl_\i Ropes, was born in Salem, April 9, 1773; 
died February 17, 184S. He was a cooper and then a master mariner. He, with his brother Hardy, 
bought of the rest of the heirs their share of the homestead property for $2,000, and later Timothy 
bought his brother Hardy's share for §1,333, thus becoming sole possessor. He married .Sarah, 
daughter of Thomas and Sarah (Holmes) Delhonde, born September 15, 1775. This Thomas Delhonde 
was a prominent physician of Boston, son of Dr. John Delhonde, a native of France, and a Protestant, 
who was obliged to leave that country owing to the revocation of the Edict of Nantes. He settled in 
Boston. Among the children born to Timothy and Sarah (Delhonde) Ropes was David Nichols. 

David Nichols Rope-^, son of Timothy and Sarah (Delhonde) Ropes, was born in Salem, Mass., 
December 5, 1814. He was the youngest but one of a family of nine children. He was educated in 
his native town, principally at the academy and High School. His business experience began at the 




DAVID N. ROPES. 



Thk Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 275 

age of sixteen, when he opened a small crockery store in his native town in connection with his brother. 
With no other business traininjj, he went with his brother two years later to Portland, Me., and started 
the first manufactory of table cutlery in the United States, in 1832, the factory being located in Saccar- 
appa. Me. He and his brother Geor<^e were the inventors and patentees of American table knives. 
They carried on a successful business for a number of years, until they were burned out. He 
subsequently removed to Meriden, Conn., and became associated with Julius Pratt, the noted abolition- 
ist, under the firm name of Pratt, Ropes, Webb & Co. This became known later as the Meriden 
Cutlery Co., and the goods manufactured by this company attained a world-wide reputation. In 1S35 
Mr. Ropes removed to New York City and assumed control of the company's interests at this end. 
About 1862 he acquired an interest in the India Rubber Comb Company, became, later, its Vice- 
President, and was one of the stockholders. For the first few months after he began business 
in New York, Mr. Ropes made his home in Newark. He moved to Orange in October, 1855, and in 
the spring of 1856 he purchased a house and lot. He enlarged and improved the house on the corner 
of High and White Streets, and later purchased considerable adjoining property and continued to reside 
there until 1888. He purchased large tracts of land on Park Avenue, Washington and Day Streets, 
Valley Road and other localities. He extended High Street through to Park Avenue and opened other 
streets through his property in all directions. He improved the property, which he divided into building 
lots and erected thereon a number of attractive houses. He was a man of remarkably fine taste and he 
made improvements with a lavish hand, confidently believing that the steady growth of the city would 
bring a rich return. The amount he expended in grading his property exceeded $100,000. The 
Watchung Railroad ran through his property from south-west to north-east. This railroad was mainly 
constructed through the efforts and the financial support of Mr. Ropes. The charter of the road was 
originall)- obtained for a horse railroad, but by a supplement the word "horse" was subsequently struck 
out and the construction of a steam road was begun as a branch of the Montclair Railroad. When the 
latter became bankrupt Mr. Ropes assumed practically the entire responsibility of completing the 
unfinished Watchung branch. With remarkable energy he pushed the work forward, but at an immense 
pecuniary sacrifice to himself. It was only when it became a feeder for the Erie that it showed any 
signs of life. He was obliged to purchase large tracts of property in order to secure a right of way for 
the road, and these pieces of property, added to his purchases in the Second Ward, made his real estate 
holdings very large. Mr. Ropes laid out all his property on a most liberal scale, cutting through streets, 
grading, curbing and often flagging them, then deeding them to the city. He made many sales of lots 
and could have disposed of nearly all his property successfully but for the fact that he held on too long 
and incorporated too many restrictions in his deeds. He bought during the high values of i860 and 1870, 
and in order to carry on his enormous operations he was compelled to carry heavy mortgages on a large 
portion of it. The panic of 1873 caught him with immense tracts of real estate upon his hands and he 
was unable to carry them. One after another of the tracts were sold under foreclosure and a large part 
of Mr. Ropes' fortune was swc[)t away. He struggled bravely on, saved a little property from the 
general wreck anil continued in business in New York. In 1887 he withdrew from active business in 
New York and opened a real estate office in Orange, devoting his time principally to the disposal of the 
property which he still owned. In 1877 the cit\- of Orange, with a view of obtaining a supply of water 
for public use, caused six driven wells to be opened north of Park Avenue and near the West Orange 
line, on the property of Mr. Ropes. An inexhaustible sup[)ly of pure water was obtained which was 
subsequently analyzed by Prof. Leeds, of Ste\ens Institute of Technology, who pronounced it equal to 
the best spring water and free from all impurities. Mr. Ropes submitted the matter to the West Orange 
Township Committee on October 12, 1887, with a view to their adoption of this valuable water supply. 
The proposition, however, was not accepted. 

Politically, Mr. Ropes was a strong abolitionist and during his residence in Portland, Me., his home 
was known as one of the hiding-places for fugitive slaves, escaping by the so-called " underground rail- 
road." He was one of the originators of the Republican [larty in Orange in 1856, and took a prominent 



276 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

part in the Lincoln campaign. He was active in procuring the incorporation of the city of Orange and 
strongly opposed the cutting off of East and West Orange from the city. He was elected Mayor of 
Orange in 1864. and re-elected in 1865, and subsequenth- represented the Second Ward in the Council 
from 1866 to 1872 inclusive. During his term as Mayor and councilman he distinguished himself by his 
devotion to the interests of the city. He was one of the oiiginal members and founders of the New 
England Society, of Orange, and served as President, Vice-President and as one of its Counsellors. 
Mr. Ropes was a man of strong religious nature, but his religion was one of life and deed rather than 
speech. He was early a member of the New Church .Societs- (Swedenborgian), but on coming to 
Orange he attended the Orange Valley Congregational Church, until the New Society was organized. 
He was a warm friend of education and was one of the three trustees appointed under the short-lived 
"Central" school district in April, 1862, when the attempt was made to consolidate all of the schools 
of the Ashland, Central and St. Mark's Districts into one. It was his efforts to increase the efficiency 
of the schools within his jurisdiction that led subsequenth- to the separation from Orange and the 
erection of West Orange township. Mr. Ropes was known as the friend of the poor. He was liberal 
and gave freely to many deserving objects. He had a generous heart, a fine presence and a pleasing 
address that always attracted those with whom he came in contact. Mr. Ropes was married October 6, 
1846, to Lydia L. Bisbee, daughter of Rev. John and Mercy (Ruggles) Bisbee, who became one of the 
first woman plu'sicians of the new school in the United States. Mr. Bisbee was a direct descendant 
both of Capt. Miles Standish and John Alden and Priscilla Mullins. Si.\ children were the issue of this 
marriage — Charles Franklin, Clara, John Bisbee (deceased), Albert Barrett, Edith (deceased), and 
Arthur Dudley. Clara married Prof. C. J. Prescott, a descendant of James Prescott, of H.impton Falls, 
1643, who came from Lincolnshire, Englanil. 

THE STICKLER FAMILY. 

The fine, large mansion on Centre .Street known as the Stickler homestead is associated with the 
early history of the Builders of the Oranges. The Mansard or I'rench roof house, forty years ago, was 
the prevailing style of architecture, and this was one of the first of the kind erected in the Oranges; 
and while hundreds of villas and cottages, comprising every variety of architectural design, have been 
erected since that time, there is not a house in Orange that combines more of the real comforts of a 
home than this. The rooms are large and con\enientl\- arranged, the first story being finished in black 
walnut, while the walls, ceilings, furniture, etc.. all harmonize in color and design, giving a rich, substan- 
tial appearance to the whole interior. The same taste and good judgment is displayed in the 
arrangement of the second and third stories. The grounds are tastefully laid out and not overcrowded 
with flowers and shrubs as is too often the case with suburban homes. The fine, large trees, all of which 
were planted under Mr. Stickler's directions, while affording ample shade, do not entirely obscure the 
rays of the sun, but admit sufficient light and warmth to give cheerfulness tn the surroundings antl 
l)re\ent the dampness from penetrating the outer walls. To these earl\- precaulionaiy measures is due 
the e.xtreme healthfulness of the location. 

The history of the Stickler family begins with the period of the Revolution, when John .Stickler 
(^the grandfather of Joseph W.. the present representative of the f.imilyi, a native of Alsace, Switzerland, 
came over with the gallant baiul of patriots composing Count Rochambeau's armv, and remained in the 
service of the Continental .Arm)- from the beginning to the close of the war. sharing its hardships and 
privations and living to witness the final consummation of the great struggle for libertv' and inde- 
pendence. Young Stickler was attached to a regiment of dragoons who rendered important service. 
Every one of this noble band of volunteers earned the patent of true nobility. Some remained to 
enjoy the liberties they had .so dearly ])urchased, while others returned to their homes to plant the seeds 
of liberty in a foreign soil. Among the former was John .Stickler, who settled in New York Cit\-, and 
married. T'wo sons were born to him — Joseph and John. Joseph, the elder, married Nancy Hubbard, 
a native of Riverhcad, L. L Siie was a woman of rare beauty and noted for her many excellent qualities 



1 



^1 




JOSEPH W. STICKLER. 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 277 

of heart and mind which ha\c been transmitted to licr posterity. Her grandfather married Mary 
Tutliill. daughter of Nathaniel Tuthill, whose widow was said to be the richest widow on Long Ishmd. 
Nathaniel Tuthill Hubbard, the uncle of Nancy Hubbard, was one of the oldest and most prominent 
New York merchants, said to be the largest provision merchant in the country and, perhaps, in the world. 
His income at one time exceeded $50,000 a year. Like Joseph, in Egj-pt, he cared for his father with 
the most tender solicitude and made liberal provision for his brothers and sisters. At the time of his 
death he was the oldest member of the New York Produce Exchange, having been a member for nearly 
sixty years. He was also the oldest living member of the Chamber of Commerce. At the request of 
several members of the Produce E.xchange, Mr. Hubbard sat for his bust in plaster, which was reproduced 
in marble and presented to him. Before his death he presented it to the Produce E.xchange, where it 
still occupies a conspicuous position. Among the associates and friends of Mr. Hubbard were Rc)bert 
Lennox, Peter Cooper, Philip Hone and other leading merchants of New York. 

Isaac Hubbard, the first of the name who settled in Suffolk, was born January 14, 1695. He was 
the son of Isaac ( i ), of Hatfield, Mass. He married Bethia Goldsmith, and had issue, I^ichard .Stears, 
William, Isaac, John and Thomas. 

Richard .Stears Hubbard, eldest child of Isaac and Bethia (Goldsmith) Hubbard, was born in 1724. 
He was a most wortliy member of the church. His children were Richard Stears, Daniel and Benjamin. 

Richard Stears Hubbard, Jr., son of Richard Stears Hubbard ( i 1, was born in 1721. He removed 
with his faiiiih- to New York Cit\- in ijgS, and was for many years — up to the time of his death — a 
deacon in the Rutgers Street Presbyterian Church, then one of the oldest in the city. He was the 
father of Nathaniel T. Hubbard, before mentioned, and the grandfather of Mrs. Nancy (Hubbard) 
Stickler. His brother, Daniel, an honest, bold man, was captured on an American privateer during the 
Revolution and confined on one of the New York prison ships, where he escaped death by almost a 
miracle. He afterwards commanded a ship plying between New York and the East Indies. 

.•\mong other children, Jo.seph Stickler had a son, Joseph, who, through careful management and 
good investments, acquired valuable property near the present Stock E.xchange, which fell to his two 
children, John Hubbard and Joseph Whipple. The death of the former having occurred soon after that 
of his father. 

JosKi'ii Whipple Stickl?:r, the subject of this sketch, became sole heir to his father's property. 
For many years his father was a helpless invalid and the management of the estate, as well as the care 
of the father, devolved on him, and these duties absorbed the whole of his time until his father's death. 
,\ftcr the death of his father he removed with his mother to Hoboken, which was then a beautiful 
suburb of New York, the daily resort of her leading citizens during the hot summer months. Through 
the tender care of the son the mother lived to the ripe old age of ninety-seven. During his residence 
in Hoboken Mr. Stickler became much interested in the public affairs of the town, and was for some time 
President of a branch of one of the large English fire insurance companies. It was while living in 
Hoboken that Mr. Stickler met and married Miss Charlotte Snell, youngest daughter of Capt. John Snell, 
of Athens, Bradford County, Pa., who was one of the first white children born in Bradford County, this 
having occurred about the time of the Wyoming massacre. His father. Major Abraham Snell, emigrated 
from France and settled in Athens a few years previous to the birth of this child, the country at that 
time being almost a wilderness, inhabited b>- Indians with only a few white settlers. Major Snell was 
largely instrumental in effecting a treaty with the Indians which resulted in their final departure from 
their happy hunting grounds, leaving the whites in full possession of the beautiful mountainous valley, 
watered by the Susquehanna and Chemung rivers, and is at the present time one of the most picturesque 
spots in the State of Pennsylvania, with a large and con.stantly increasing population. 

The mother of Mrs. Stickler was Nancy Nichols, whose father, Nichols, was one of the early 

settlers of Cooperstown, N. Y., and a descendant of Sergeant Francis Nichols, who came from England 
in 1639 and was one of the original proprietors of the old town of Stratford, Conn. He also owned 
lands at Southold, L. I. He was said to be nearly related and by some supposed to be a brother of 



2/8 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

Col. Richard Nicholls, the first English Governor of New York State. The issue of the marriage of 
Joseph W. Stickier and Charlotte Snell was three children — a son, Jo.seph \V. Stickler, M. D., and two 
daughters, the youngest of whom, a bright, promising young lady, died while pursuing her studies 
preparatory to entering college. The elder still resides with her parents. 

Mr. Stickler was among the earliest of the new settlers known as the " Builders of the Oranges." 
He purchased, in 1857, a tract of four and one-half acres on Centre Street, e.xtending along the line of 
Central Avenue. On this he erected his present homestead, which, some years later, he enlarged and 
improved to its present condition. He also bought one and one-half acres in addition to his former 
purchase. With an abiding faith in the future of Orange he began the erection of a number of elegant 
re.sidences costing from $6,000 to §8,000 each, believing that homes of this character would induce men 
of means and influence to settle in the locality. He erected seven houses on Central Avenue and three 
on Centre Street, including his own homestead. At the present \aiuation of property these represent 
over §100,000 in improvements, which have enhanced the value of surrounding property in a proportion- 
ate ratio. Unlike many capitalists who bought and sold for speculative purposes and left the township 
poorer because of their operations, .Mr. Stickler's investments have all been for permanent impro\ements, 
adding from year to year the taxable valuation of propert}-. He is one of the few men to whom the 
people of Orange are indebted for its constantly increasing prosperity. In public improvements he has 
often been in advance of his neighbors. He laid the first piece of macadam road, at his own expense, 
ever laid on Centre Street, which stimulated further improvements of this character and resulted in the 
adoption of this perfect system of road making for all our streets and thoroughfares and also of those 
of adjoining townships. 

Mr. Stickler's public spirit and enterprise have been manifested in many ways, and with a liberal 
hand he has contributed to almost every public improvement in the city of Orange during his residence 
of nearly forty years. His generous contributions, amounting to thousands of dollars, to the Young 
Men's Christian Association building and to the various charitable a.ssociations for which Orange is 
noted, are matters of public record, and while Mr. Stickler has invariably followed the scriptural 
command to " let not thy right hand know what thy left hand doeth," the recipients of his benevolence, 
in their annual reports, have made known that which he would gladi\- have concealed. In his benevo- 
lent contributions Mr. Stickler has always been influenced by the highest and purest motives and a 
sincere desire to benefit his fellow-men. He has been for many years an acti\'e member of the I'irst 
Presbyterian Church and was President of the Board of Trustees for several years. Vv'hile the snows of 
many winters have whitened his locks and furrowed his cheeks, he is still hale and heart)- and in the 
enjoyment of perfect health. Mr. Stickler gave the ground on which the Orange Memorial Hospital 
now stands and made a contribution of Si.ooo to start a building fund. He also erected a dispensary 
with all modern ajipliances ami facilities for clinical and laboratory work, and presented it to the manag- 
ers of the hospital. He also built a wing to the Orange Orphan Home as a memorial to his daughter 
Louise, and also placed in the same institution a costly tablet bearing the inscription, " Suffer little 
children," etc. 

Joseph \Yii.i,i.\\i Stkki.EK, M. S., .M. D., only son of Joseph Whipple and Charlotte (Snell) 
Stickler, was born at Iloboken, X. J., June 26, 1854. Hoboken at that time was one of the mo.st noted 
and fashionable suburbs of New York. Dr. Stickler has had no connection with it, however, since he 
was four years of age, he having removed with his parents to Orange in 1858. Asa boy he was studious 
and fond of books, and his parents were able to gratify his tastes to the fullest extent. He was .sent to 
the best private .schools and was for a time under the instruction of Rev. V. A. Adams, one of the best 
teachers in the State. He completed his preparatory course at the Orange High School, and then started 
out with a fi.xed purpose in view, viz., to achieve success in the profe.ssion he had chosen. He entered 
the University of the City of New York in the class of '76 and graduated with the highest honors, 
receiving from that institution the degree of B. S., and later, that of M. S. He entered the College of 
Physicians and Surgeons, in New York City, and after a thorough course of study, availing himself of 




J. W. STICKLER, M. D. 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 279 

ever>- oi)portunity of attending medical lectures, he was graduated with the degree of M. D. in 1879. 
Few men have ever left college better equipped for their chosen profession than Ur. Stickler, and his 
ability to stand the severe test of examination, in which so few applicants succeed, that secured him the 
appointment of assistant to the house physician in the Presbyterian Hospital. He became assistant 
surgeon soon after and served as surgeon for eighteen months. He thus enjoyed rare opportunities for 
ohtaiiiiiiL; .1 pr.utiial knowledge of surgery, a branch of the i)riifcssi(in for which he had an especial 
fondness, and for which he was gifted by nature. .Six months' practice in the Lying-in Asylum gave 
him a practical knowledge of obstetrics. He then took a course of pathology and for one year lectured 
on comparative surgery and skin tliseases at the College of Comparative Medicine, in New \'ork. While 
pursuing his medical studies he took a pleasure trip to Euro])e, where he made the acquaintance of, and 
was cordially recieved by many of the leading ph\sicians and surgeons, and offered e\ery opjjortunity 
for observing the methods of practice in hnth jjublic and private institutions. 

Dr. Stickler returned to the home of his childhood in 1881 and although there were some forty 
practitioners in the field he did not hesitate to enter the race, depending entirely on his own merits, and 
w hile he was kindly received b\- his professional brethren, he received no assistance whatever. The old 
adage that "a prophet hath no honor in his own country" tlid not apply in his case, for his old school- 
mates and the friends of his childhood were willing to test his skill as a physician and surgeon and he 
soon worked himself into a lucrative practice, after numerous successful achievements in medicine and 
surgery, and for many years has stood in the front rank of his profession, recognized alike by his 
professional brethren of this city, of the county and of the State, as well as in the national councils. 
Operations which have attracted special attention and added greatly to his reputation as a surgeon and 
physician are the successful performance of several ovariotomies, a number of laparotomies, etc., and he 
has divided the trachea its entire length to remove a foreign body from the left bronchus. Other 
important surgical operations have served to demonstrate the fact that had he made surgery a specialty 
instead of devoting himself to a general practice he would have achieved great success. While studying 
the methods of others, his originality of thought, boldness of conception and inventive genius have 
been developed every step of the way. Before completing his collegiate course of medical studies, Ur. 
Stickler had already begun investigations relating to the cause and prevention of scarlet fever, and has 
pursued the subject with unremitting devotion for the past fifteen years, the result of his discoveries 
having attracted widespread attention in the medical world. He hail noted particularly the transmission 
of human scarlatina to the lower animals, and was firmly impressed with the idea that a virus could thus 
be obtained that could be used as a preventive agent. What particularly attracted his attention to this 
matter was, that during the early days of February, 1884, a remarkable outbreak of sore throat occurred 
in Dover, England, which was due to the drinking of milk obtained from cows affected with foot and 
mouth disease. Dr. Stickler went to England in 1886 and made a thorough investigation of the matter, 
and he noted the fact that members of certain families who had previously had scarlet fever escaped the 
throat epidemic, while all the other members of the same families contracted the disease, all alike having 
partaken freely of milk infected with the contagion of foot and mouth disease. As the result of his 
observations at this time and subsecjuent investigations, Dr. Stickler became fully convinced of his pre- 
conceived theory of the u.se of animal virus as a preventive agent of this dread disease, and a complete 
report of this was published in the Miilical Record. December 10, 1887. reprinted in pamphlet form, 
entitled "Foot and Mouth Disease as it .\ffects Man and Animals, and Its Relation to Human Scarla- 
tina as a Prophylactic." An additional paper on this subject was reprinted from the "Journal of the 
American Medical Association," August 16, 1890, entitled " Further Observations upon Foot and Mouth 
Disease in its Relation to Human Scarlatina as a Prophylactic." These and other papers read before 
medical societies have excited the attention of medical men in this countr\- and in Europe, and it is 
believed that this theory will yet be fully established. 

In his local practice Dr. Stickler has devoted special attention to diseases of the lungs, and many of 
his patients have been greatly benefited by his course of treatment. He has made strenuous efforts to 



28o The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

secure legislative action that, it is hoped, will result in the eradication of bovine tuberculosis from this 
State, and thereby lead other States to adopt similar measures. Recognizing the importance of this, 
the New Jersey State Medical Society took suitable action, and Dr. Stickler was appointed chairman of 
a Committee on Tuberculosis. During his frequent visits to the Adirondacks, Dr. Stickler became 
impressed with its climatic conditions and its advantages as a health resort. As the result he wrote 
"Adirondacks as a Health Resort," published by G. P. Putnam's Sons, in 1886. Dr. Stickler has been 
a constant contributor to the medical and other journals for many years past. To the people of Orange, 
however, Dr. Stickler is known and appreciated for the great good he has accomplished professionally 
and otherwise. Without doubt, some of the most important cures have been effected through the 
happy faculty he has of ministering to a mind diseased A man of warm, sympathetic nature, tender- 
hearted and of a cheerful disposition, he carries sunshine into tlie sick room, encourages tlie patient and 
awakens hope, at the same time administering such remedies as will best help nature in her work of 
recovery. No one can help being impressed with his sincerity, truthfulness and entire frankness. He is 
incapable of duplicit}-, and at once inspires confidence in all with whom he meets. .As a Christian 
gentleman Dr. .Stickler is as well known as in his professional capacit)'. He is an elder in the I'irst 
Presbyterian Church and was for many years an active worker in the Sunday School, continuing until 
the pressure of his professional tluties necessitated his withilrawal. As an artist is wedded to his art, so 
Dr. Stickler is wedded to his profession. Dr. Stickler may truly be .said to be the poor man's friend. 
Not only has he rendered gratuitous professional service for years, but has contributed liberally to the 
needs of the poor and in many ways has sought to elevate their condition. 

Dr. Stickler's connection with the medical societies include about all the State, county and city, 
as well as those of other States. He is a member of the New York Pathological Society, the New York 
Academy of Medicine, the Ksse.x County Medical Society, the Medical Society of the State of New 
Jersey, the Society for the Relief of Widows and Orphans of Medical Men, in Newark, V^ice-President 
of the Orange Mountain Medical Society, Pathologist to the Orange Board of Health. He has long 
been an active member of the Young Men's Christian Association, of Orange, and served two years as 
its President. He is a member of the Librar_\- Association, of Orange, a director of the Second 
National Hank, and is connected with the social and other organizations. 

EDWIN C. BURT. As a resilient of the Oranges for more than thirty \-ears, Mr. Burt was known 
as one of its most enterprising and progressive citizens. He was a native of .Sandersfield. Mass., where 
he was born in 181S. He came to New York in the forties where he established the e.\tensi\e shoe 
business which still bears his name. He was first associated with his father anil afterwards with his 
brothers. He was a resident of Brooklyn for some years where he assisted in organizing the Strong Place 
Ba|>tist Church, of which he was a deacon. Mr. Burt came t<i Orange about 1856 and purchased a lot 
in IJewellyn Park, where he built one of the first two houses in the park and resided there for a number 
of years. He subsequently sold this property and purchased the place on Main Street, abo\e Ridge 
Street, where his widow now resides. He was one of the main pillars of the North Baptist Church, of 
which he was for nian\- years a deacon and trustee. He was a director in the Music Hall Association 
and a prominent member of the New England Society. He was universally respected for his upright- 
ness and was \nvin\ by his intimates for his noble and genial traits of character. He died in Orange 
May 22, 1884. .Mr. Hurt was twice married. His first wife was Jane Loomis, of Sufifield, Conn. The 
issue of this marriage was si.\ children, \iz.: William E., deceased; Emily 1.., married Luther M. 
Curtis; Park L., deceased ; Frank B.; Charles N.; Edwin, died young ; Georgiana W. Mr. Burt married, 
second, Mary B., daughter of Daniel Wilson. 



r- 




SAMUEL COLGATE. 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 281 



THE COLGATE FAMILY. 

CoLiiitiiiy tlie latest of those wlio li.i\c ani\cd at the aye of maiiliootl, there are only four j^eiicra- 
tions of Collates in tliis country, ami yet there is no name more prominently identified witli tlie 
religious history of the country, especially of the Haptist denomination, than this. Rcjbert Colgate, 
the progenitor of the American family of this name, was descended from a line of ancestors who had 
been in Kent CouiU\-. I'.iiLjIanii, for one hundred years. He was in strong sympathy with the democracy 
of h'rance and his name luadeii a list of several persons who were to be arrested by the government. 
He was a warm friend and an oUl schoolmate of William I'itt, "the Great Commoner," and tiirough the 
hitter's efTort-- In- was enabled to escape. I'itt sent a pri\ate messenger from London to warn him of 
his peril antl ad\ ised him to emigrate to a country \\hose politics were more congenial to his own, and 
Pitt assured him that he would delay arrest upon his pledge to leave the kingdom within two weeks. 
The messenger bore back the promise to London that in two weeks the liberty-loving citizen would 
embark, antl in March, 1793, he took his departure for "the land of the free and the home of the brave." 
He purchased a farm for his large family, where they lived se\-eral \-cars. 

His son William, born in the parish of HoUingbourne, County of Kent, January 25, 1783. came 
with his parents to this country when he was twelve years of age. He founded the house of Colgate 
& Co., which is now the oldest and one of the largest manufacturers of soaps and perfumes in this 
country. He was for many years connected with the Oliver Street Haptist Church, New York, and was 
afterwards prominent in the organization and building up of the Baptist Tabernacle, in Mulberry Street. 
He inaugurated the movement which led to the organization of the first Baptist society in New York, 
known as the "Young Men's Bible Society, of New York," the object of which was "to translate the 
Bible or assist in causing it to be translated into other languages." In 1816, when the American Bible 
Society was formed, Mr. Colgate became a director, and up to the last hours of his life he devoted his 
best thoughts and energies to the work of ministerial education, especially at Hamilton University. Its 
first appeal met from him a ready response. He secured collections from his own and other churches 
of the metropolis. His increasing contributions led to increasing interest in his annual visits to 
Hamilton to share the responsibility of the board of administration. He was married in 181 i, to Mary 
Gilbert, a lady of English descent. Miss Gilbert possessed rare endowments of mind and heart and a 
superior education. They raised a large family, of whom Samuel and James B. have both been con- 
spicuous in furthering the interests of the Baptist church and in promoting the cause of education. 

Samiei. Coi.CATK, son of William and Mary ((nlberti Colgate, was born on John Street, New 
York City, March 22, 1822. He enjoyed the best educational advantages afforded by the private 
schools of the city. He succeeded to the business established by his father, which, through his efforts, 
has largely increased. Mr. Colgate began his religious work in the Oliver Street Baptist Church, and 
was associated with his father in this and other religious work. He came to Orange m 1857 and the 
following year purchased nine acres on Centre, near Harrison Street, and subsequently twenty acres 
additional, it being a part of the Zenas Baldwin farm. He built there his first residence. Soon after 
he came to Orange Mr. Colgate, with a few others, began the organization of a Baptist Society, and in 
connection therewith a Sunday School, of which he was made Superintendent, and as soon as the 
church was publicly recognized he was elected one of its deacons. He has held both positions uninter- 
ruptedly for a period of nearly forty years. Mv. Colgate has been identified with various Baptist 
organizations for more than fifty years. Most of this time he has been a member of tlie Board of 
Managers of the Baptist Missionary Union. He was for twenty-five years a member of the Finance 
Committee of the American Tract Society, and has been a member of the Baptist Home Mission 
Societv, of which he was three years President. He was one of the founders of the Society for the 
Suppression of Vice, and as President has been active in promoting its objects. As a member of the 
New York Baptist Education Society of the State of New York, whose aim is to assist young men in 



282 Thk Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

preparing for the ministry, lie has done mucli to promote its objects. Madison Uni\ersity — recently 
changed to Colgate University in recognition of the princely gift of his brother, James B. — has been 
the special object of his attention for many years past. 

He has long been engaged in the collection and classification of historical data from all parts of the 
world, both ancient and modern, bearing on the history of the Baptist denomination and the growth 
and development of the Baptist church. This collection, now numbering over 40,000 pamphlets, 
includes many rare and valuable works in the French, English and German languages; also annual 
reports and statistics from every State in the Union. These are conveniently arranged and indexed 
so that any information connected with the history of the Baptist Church can be readily obtained. 
When completed, this will form the most valuable collection of historical data connected with the 
B iptist denomination ever brought together. This collection has involved a large amount of labor and 
money, but it has been entirely a work of love. All the books, papers and documents connected with 
this work will be placed in the fire-proof building at Colgate University and will thus become accessible 
to all those who wish to examine the history and work of Baptists, etc. Mr. Colgate married Elizabeth 
A., daughter of Richard C. Morse, a descendant of Jedediah Morse, one of the original settlers of 
Dedham, Mass., whose descendants for generations have exemplified the teachings of their Puritan 
ancestors. Mrs Colgate was well known to the people of Orange for her life-long labor of love in 
behalf of the poor and unfortunate. A record of her work with the Orphans Home, of Orange, will 
be found in connection with the histor\- of that institution. 

THE FRAZAR FAMILY. 

This name is familiar to Orange residents through the efforts of Everett Frazar to pro\'ide a 
suitable place for public entertainments as well as having himself frecpiently entertained with his exceed- 
ingly interesting lectures on Japan and kindred subjects. It is noteworthy that in every age the Frazars 
have been leaders of men and successful in whatever direction their inclinations led them. 

The name Eraser or I-"razier is derived from the French word /raise, signifying a strawberry, hence 
the well-known heraldic object is explained. The first Fraser of note is Gilbert de Eraser, who flourished 
some time after the year 1 100, during the reign of Alexander I. Their original designation occurs in 
the roll of the Battle Abbey, and establishes their advent under the standard of the Conqueror. From 
East Lothian, their earliest resting-place in Scotland, the Frazers di\erged into Tweeddale in the twelfth 
and thirteenth centuries, and subsequently into the shires of Inverness and Aberdeen. Oliver Eraser 
Lovett, the chief of the clan, built and gave his name to Oliver Castle which continued in after times 
their principal feudal hold. 

Capt. Thomas F"razar, the founder of the American branch of the family, was born in Scotland 
about 1720, came to this country as a young man and settled in Duxbury, Mass. On the records his 
name is spelled Erasher, but on his gravestone it is Erazier. His descendants adopted the Scotch spelling 
of the name. He married Rebecca Aldcn, November 27. 1760, who died July 21. 1S18, aged 88. She 
was the daughter of Capt. Samuel Alden, son of David, son of Hon. John Alden, who, as the prox\- of 
Capt. .Miles Standish, proposed to Priscilla Mullins, and the '"Why don't you ask for yourself, John?" 
led to the substitution of the proxy, and she became Priscilla Alden, the ancestress of Everett l-'razar. 
•■ Warm in her friendship and of a generous heart, the tears of the poor are her eulogy." The children 
of Capt. Thomas and Rebecca (^.Aldenj P'razar, were: Saiiiiu/, born 1766, and Rebecca, born 17%. 
who left S500 to the Pilgrim Society. 

Capt. Samuel Frazar, only son of Capt. Thomas and Rebecca (.Mden) Frazar. was born in Duxbury, 
Mass., in 1766. His father, who warmh- espoused the cause of the patriots in the Revolution, changed 
the name to Frazar. originally Frazier. Capt. Samuel Frazar was a prominent ship builder and ship 
owner from 1800 down to 1830. He married Abigail Drew, born 1766. Their children were: Thomas, 
born 1793; John, born 1794; Betsey Drew, Abigail. Samuel, George, \m\\cx<.\. Alden, Reuben Alden, 
Sarah, Thomas, Mercy, Lucj- and Rebecca. 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



283 



George Krazar, sixth cliiltl of Capt. Samuel and Abigail (Drewi Frazar, was born at inixbiiry, Mass., 
in 1801, died at VVatertown, Mass., in 18S7. He was also a ship builder. He went to Hong Kong. 
China, in 1842 returning in 1849. He married Ann Little, of Pembroke, Mass., a descendant, probably, 
of Thomas Little, a lawyer, who came from iJevcnishire. England, and settled in Plymoutii, 1630; 
married .\nne, daughter of Richard Warren, who came to .America in tlic MaNfinwer. Their children 
were Everett, Helen and Temperance. 

EvKKKlT FuAZAk, son of George and Ann (Little) Frazar, was born at Du.xbury, Mass., October 
4, 1834. After a thorough preliminary course of study he completed his education at tiie Chauncey Hall 
School, of Boston, graduating in 1851. He began his mercantile career with the house of Enoch 
Train & Co., of Boston, proprietors of the Boston and Liverpool line of packets. In 1858 he went 
to Shanghai, China, and established the firm of Frazar & Co., with branches at Nagasaki, Japan, in i86o. 
and at Hong Kong, in 1875. The members of the firm consisted of Mr. Frazar, Mr. John Lindsley and 
Mr. W. Shepard Wetmore. The firm has done an immense business for many years with China, Japan 
and other countries, and is well known in nearly every part of the world. They were appointed 
agents for the Boston Board of Marine Underwriters, the Atlantic Marine Insurance Company, and 
the National Board of Marine Underwriters. As the representatives of American firms they have 
introduced a number of important industries and of late years have been actively engaged in the 
introduction of electric lighting into China and Japan. In 1886 Mr. Frazar negotiated with the 

Canadian Pacific Railway for the opening of the 
new Pacific route with China and Japan under the 
management of his firm, which jiroject aided materi- 
all)- in the development of the Oriental trade with 
Canada and the United .States via Vancouver, B. C. 
On his last trij) to Japan and China, in 18S3, he had 
as a fellow-passenger Gen. Lucius H. Foote, the 
first appointed U. S. Minister to Korea, and through 
his recommendation, seconded by the warm approval 
of His Excellency Prince Min Tong, I. K., who 
became, five years later, Korean Ambassador to the 
United States, Mr. Frazar was appointed Consul- 
Gencral for Korea in the L^nited States, the Exe- 
quatur being issued by President Arthur, April 3, 
1S84. In September, 1888, Mr. Frazar received 
from His Majesty special marks of appreciation and 
recognition for services rendered to Korea, accom- 
panied by gold and jade decorations and conveying 
by special decree the honorary title of Ka .Sun Tai 
Poo, or Korean nobleman of the second rank. On 
the 13th and 17th of January, 1888, His E.xcellency 
Pakchung-j'ang, the new Korean Minister, and suite 
were presented to Secretary Bayard and President 
Cleveland by Mr. I'razar and the Foreign .Secretary, 
Dr. H. N. Allen. .Since 1872 Mr. I-'razar has been 
the resident partner in New \'ork of Frazar & Co. 
He established his residence in Orange in 187S and 
since that time has been actively engaged in promoting the social and intellectual development of the 
Oranges. It was largely through his efforts that Music Hall, which has added so much to the pleasure 
of the citizens of Orange and vicinity, became an accomplished fact. He was chairman of the Construc- 
tion and T'inance Committees, and soon after the completion of the building was elected President of 




EVERETT I'RA/AK. 



284 '^^^- Founders and Ri-ii.ders of the Oranges. 

Music Hall Association. The New England Society, of which Mr. Frazar is one of the most active 
members, has a fine suite of rooms in the building. Mr. Frazar was elected President of the Society in 
1880 and again in 1881. By special request of the Society Mr. Frazar prepared and read a compre- 
hensive and exhaustive paper in Music Hall to a large and appreciative audience, on November 15, 1883, 
on " Korea and her relations to China, Japan and the I'nitcd .States." This was subsequently 
published and widely circulated. 

The Historical and Geographical section of the New England .Society was formed in 18S0, holding 
nine monthly meetings in each year. Mr. I-'razar was President of this section for five years, and during 
this time fifty lectures, papers or essays on various topics were read or delivered before the members, 
receiving the most hearty appreciation and aiding materially in the intellectual development of the 
community. In 189O Mr. Frazar. with other New Jersey and New York gentlemen, establislicd the 
New Jersey Postal Telegraph Company, with a capital of S50.000, having offices in Newark, Orange, 
Long Branch, Asbury Park and various other places in New Jersey, communicating with e\cry part of 
the United States and Canada, as well as foreign countries, in connection w ith the Postal Telegraph 
Cable Company. Mr. Frazar was President of the New Jersey Postal Telegraph Company from its 
formation until June, 1894, when by mutual agreement it was transferred and absorbed into the Postal 
Telegraph Cable Company. 

Mr. Frazar has held many offices of trust and honor in his adopted city. He is a member of the 
First Presbyterian Church and President of its Board of Trustees. He is President of the Music Hall 
Association, chairman of the Public Welfare Committee, Councillor of the New England Society, of 
Orange, senior director of the Harvey Steel Co., of Newark, manufacturers of the Harveyized steel 
armor plates for the United States and foreign governments. Mr. Frazar married, in 1866, Annie H., 
daughter of Joseph C. I.indsley, born 1813, son of Benjamin and Mary Camp, son of Joseph and Abby 
Foster (Gibbs) Lindsley, born in Boston, resided in Dorchester, Mass. The children of Everett and 
Annie H. (Lindsley) h'razar, are Everett \V., Mabel Lindsley and .\bby Little. 

THE SPOTTISWOODE FAMILY. 

Georck Spottiswoode is the only representative of this famil}- who can claim the honor of being 
classed among the Builders of the Oranges. His record as a Builder covers a witler range and extends 
over a longer period than most of those now living within the present boundaries of the city of Orange, 
and while it may be said of him that he has fulfilled the injuction of the famous Bard of Avon, " Put 
money in thy purse," he has certainly helped hundreds of others to do the same thing, and the well- 
paved streets and other improvements bear witness to his enterprise and public spirit. The name of 
-Spottiswoode or Spottswood is a familiar one both in this country and in Europe. Spottswood 
Court House, in Virginia, and Spottswood, N. J., are both named in honor of worthy representatives 
of this family. Of its origin, Burke, in his " Landed Cientry." says: "The surname of -Spottiswoode 
was assumed by the proprietors of the lands and barony of Spottiswoode, in the parish of Gordon, 
County Berwick, as soon as surnames became hereditary in Scotland. They are frequently mentioned 
in donations to the monasteries of Melross and Kelso, upwards of fi\e centuries ago. The immediate 
ancestor of the family was Robert de Spottiswood, Lord of Spottiswood, who was born in the reign 
of King Alexander HL and died in that of Robert Bruce. The family adhered to the fortunes of Kings 
James H, III and IV ; and William Spottiswood, a descendant of Robert, fell at the Battle of Modden, 
in 1513, with King James 1\'." 

John Spottiswood, Archbishop of St. Andrews and Lord High Chancellor of Scotland, inherited 
the barony of Spottiswood in 1620. A brother of his was given the Bishopric of Cloghec, in Ireland, 
and from him the Irish branch of the family is descended. Robert Spottiswood, a direct descendant 
of Robert de .Spottiswood, Lord of Spottiswood, was aj)pointed Goxernor of X'irginia in 1710. 

In the county of Tipperary, Ireland, where Cieorge .Spottiswoode was born, the 2d of November, 
1832, the hatting industry was carried on by several families the same as it was many years ago in 




GEORGE SPOTTISWOODE. 



Tut; Founders and Builders ok the Oranges. 285 

Orange, ami tlic father of rieor<:je was a skilled workman in this line. The young man acquired some 
knowledge of the business from constant association with his father and brothers. He was sent to an 
excellent school in the parish, where he made good use of his opportunities. Thus equipped he left his 
home at the beginning of the fifties to make his fortune in America. He landed in Orange in 1X51 and 
soon after became an apprentice in Stetson's hat factory. He continued to work at his trade until the 
breaking out of the war. when he opened a small place for the sale of newspapers and periodicals. 
Prompt, honest, energetic and always reliable, he made many friends among his patrons and laid the 
foundation for his subsecjuent success. Always on the alert, he was quick to grasp any new oppor- 
tunities for improving his prospects. In 1.S66 the Morris and Esse.x Railroad established direct 
connection with the coal fields and were enabled to deliver coal at their own depot in Orange. Mr. 
Spottiswoode had accumulated sufficient capital to make a beginning. He started in the coal business 
in a moderate way and did a good business from the start. His trade continued to increase from year 
to year, and his sales have more than doubled those of the first year. He handled both the Lehigh and 
Scranton coal until 1S76 when the D. L. & W. R. R. refused to supply him with the Scranton and raised 
the rates on the Lehigh coal so that he was compelled to seek other sources of supply. He then made 
arrangements with the W'atchung branch of the Erie Railroad Co. to deliver him the Lehigh coal. He 
bought a piece of property on the corner of Washington and Day Streets, near the terminus of that 
road, and erected a large and commodious building. During the first four months he receivetl from the 
Erie Railroad Co., b\- this roatl. some four thousand tons, and his receipts from the same source 
amounted the next year to ten thousand tons. The amount of freight paid this company was an 
important item and helped it through a serious crisis. The D. L. & W. Comi>an\- soon fountl it to their 
interest to resume their former relations with Mr. Spottiswoode and place him on an equal footing with 
others, and since then he has kept both yards running. 

Mr. Spottiswoode continued business in his own name until i.SSi,when he took his cousin, Thus. 
M. Cusack, into partnership with him and the firm name was changed to Spottiswoode & Co. The lum- 
ber business was added to it in the spring of 1887, which has since constantly increased. About 1872 
Mr. Spottiswoode, in connection with Daniel Brennan, Jr., organized the Telford Pavement Companj- 
with the latter as President and himself as Secretary and Treasurer. With the same push and energy 
which has characterized all his other operations Mr. Spottiswoode began laying this pavement in the 
Oranges and soon after extended his operations to other points. He opened quarries and erected stone 
crushers and other machinery in Passaic County at the Great Notch, on the canal at Acquackanock, at 
South Orange and at Plainfield. He had frequently in his employ as high as 500 men and his semi- 
monthly pay roll amounted to $10,000. Between fift\' and one hundred miles of road was laid in these 
different places, and this improvement alone has doubtless added more to the wealth and prosperity of 
the Oranges than an\- enterprise ever before or since attemptetl. The company wound up its affairs in 
1 87'') and the entire plant reverted to Mr. .Spottiswoode, who subse(]uently sold out the other places, 
retaining onlv the projierty at West Orange, and the business in this locality is still conducted b_\' Mr. 
Spottiswoode on a ]5aying basis. The entire business under the management of Mr. Spottiswoode will 
|)robably exceed a quarter of a million dollars annuallv. The benefit which others have derived from 
his ojierations can hardly be estimated. 

With all his business cares and responsibilities, Mr. Spottiswoode has found time to devote to the 
public interests of his adopted city. He has been a public officer for more than thirt\- years, beginning 
as collector of taxes for the Third Ward. Before the Board of Education was organized he served for 
some years as a trustee of the Girard School District and worked incessantly and persistenth' for better 
school facilities and the means for higher education for the masses. Under the new regime as a member 
of the Board of Education, he advocated liberal appropriations and was always in touch with the most 
progressive of his associates. He was a member of the Common Council when the very best men, 
without regard to party affiliations, were selected. He served under the administrations of Mayors 
Ensign, Ferry and .Austin. He was one of the early advocates and hardest workers in behalf of an 



286 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

improved water supply and sewerage system for the city, and wlien the general plans were finally 
adopted he was made a member of the Citizens' Committee and devoted much time to carrj' forward 
these important projects. With no ambition for the honors attached to public office, Mr. Spottiswoode 
has never hesitated to accept a position where he could advance the interests of the whole community, 
and this has often been done at great personal sacrifice. He helped to organize the Half-Dime Savings 
Bank- and is now its Vice-President. He has long been a director of the Orange Hank. He has always 
taken a deep interest in Union Lodge, F. & A. M., where he was first inducted into the mysteries of 
speculative Masonry, and has been treasurer of the Corporate Board of tliis Lodge since i.S68 He 
was one of the principal movers of the enterprise for the erection of the Masonic building. His 
religious connections have been and are still with the Orange Valley Congregational Church. 

Mr. Spottiswoode's success in life is due to his early habits of economy, his untiring intlustry, his 
high sense of honor, and his strict regard for the rights of others. Blessed with a strong, robust consti- 
tution and a supply of vital energy which age has not impaired, he is still able to attend to all the 
details of his e.Ktensive business and to discharge all other duties which are daily pressed upon him. 
Mr. Spottiswoode married Elizabeth Jones, daughter of I'heneas and Sally ( Pierson) Jones, a descendant 
of one of the old families of Hanover, N.J. His first wife died in iS75,and in 1882 he married Sarah J., 
her sister. Their mother, Sally Pierson, was a daughter of Joseph Pierson, a direct descendant of 
Thomas Pierson, Sr , brother of Rev. Abraham, and one of the original settlers of Newark. Mr. 
Spottiswoode's children were all by his first wife. Out of eight, only three are living. These are Sara C, 
a successful homeopathic physician in Orange, Emma Elizabeth, and George, the youngest, who is 
associated with him in business. 

HAYWARD A. HARVEY. As the in\entor of the Harvey process for hardening steel plates, the 
reputation of Mr. Harvey was world-wide. To the people of Orange, with whom he was identified for 
more than thirty years, he was known as a quiet, modest, unassuming citizen. Mr. Harvey was a 
native of Jamestown, N. V., born January 17, 1824. His line of descent from William Harvey, the 
ancestor, was through Thomas, William. Jonathan, Kufus and Thomas William Harvey, his father. 
The latter was the inventor of the gimlet-pointed screw and other useful de\ices, and from him the son 
doubtless inherited his inventive genius, ^'oung Har\ey was first employed as draftsman of the New 
York Screw Company, and later had charge of a wire mill. In 1852 he entered the employ of the 
Harvey Steel and Iron Works Company, of which his father was the President. In 1854 he and his 
father formed the Wangum Steel Company, of Connecticut. The death of his father in the latter part 
of 1854 left him to continue his experiments alone. In 1865 Mr. Harvey founded the Continental 
Screw Company, of Jersey City, and later devised machinery for making screws, washers, bolts, spiral 
springs, wire nails, etc. Some time in the eighties he began a series of experiments for hardening or 
carbonizing steel on the surface and the raising of a low to a high grade of steel, which he patented 
in 1888. It was this process which gave him a world-wide reputation in connection with armor plates. 
The first armor plate was made in 1890 and proved a wonderful success, since which time the process 
has been gradually improved and perfected, and these plates have stood the severest tests, excelling in 
point of resistance those of any other plates ever made. The process has not only been adopted by 
the U. S. Government, but by all the armor plate makers of Europe. The process is gradually supplant- 
ing all other methods in the manufacture of steel and has completely revolutionized this industry. All 
of Mr. Harvey's inventions are covered by letters patent, which anniuiU to between one hundred and 
one hundred and fifty. In 1889 Mr. Harvey organized the Harvey Steel Company, of which he was 
President and one of the largest stockholders. 

Mr. Harvey was interested in the public affairs of Orange. He served two terms in the Common 
Council— I S73 and 1879. H<-' served on the Hoard of Commissioners which deviseii the jjresent water 
system, and was a member of the Advisory Board of Citizens which preceded the Sewerage Advisory 
Committee. He was \ice-President of the .\merican Washer and Manufacturing Company, of Newark. 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 287 

He was for some time a member of the Brick Presbyterian Clnucli, of East Orange, and afterwards 
united with the Trinity Congregational Church. He was an accomi)lislied musician and for years was 
precentor of the church. Mr. Harvey married, first, Matilda VVinant ; she died in 1.S56, leaving one 
son, Dr. Thomas VV. Harvey. He married, second, Emily A. Halsey. By this marriage he had one 
son, Hayward A., who is connected with the Harvey Steel Com[)any. 

Tlii)M\> W. II \K\i;v. M. D, was born in New \'ork September 10, 1853, graduated at Princeton 
College in 1875, studied medicine with Dr. William Pierson and grailuated at the College of Physicians 
and Surgeons in 1S7S. He has been for some years associated in practice with Dr. Pierson, his former 
preceptiir. He is a member of the Esse.x County Medical Society and Orange Mountain Medical 
Society. Ho married Catharine Green, of New Vork, and has two children. 

THE CARTER FAMILY. 

Line of Aaron Charter, of Orange, N. J. 

Aaron Carter was among the first of the new comers who settled in that jiart of Orange known as 
Tremont Avenue. His ancestor was one of the founders of Elizabeth contemporaneous with the 
settlement of Newark. The coat of arms of the English branch of the family indicates the origin of 
the name. They bore Arms. — Argent a chevron between three cartwheels vert. Crest. — On a mount 
vert, a greyhound sejant argent sustaining a shield of the last cliarged with a cartwheel vert. 

Nichol.is Carter, the ancestor of the New Jersey branch of the family, settled in Stamford, Conn., 
before 1652. He removed that year to Newtown, L. I., and was among the purchasers of that place 
from the natives April 12, 1656, His allotment there was twenty acres. He is repeatedly mentioned in 
the Newtown Records among the leading men of the town until 1665, when he removed to Elizabeth- 
town, where he was among the most prominent of the Associates. He acquired large tracts of land 
and was evidentl\- a man of considerable means. His "Home l.ott " of twenty acres of upland at 
Watson's Point, adjacent to Edward Case, he sold in 1675 to Bingham Wade for ;^30, payable in pipe 
staves. He sold most of his lands May 18, 1681, to Samuel Wilson^ and died shortly after. Samuel, 
who was probably his eldest son, was one of the Elizabethtown Associates. Nicholas, born in 1658, 
was no doubt the youngest. Elizabeth, the daughter of Nicliolas, Sr., married John Ratcliff, .\ugust 6, 
1681. Not one of the name appears on the headstones in the Elizabethtown Cemetery. Either Nicholas 
or Samuel are supposed to have removed to Morris County, as the Carters are mentioned among the early 
settlers of the township of \Miip]ianong, constituted in 1700. The church at Bottle Hill, now Madison, 
was organized in 1749 and the records state that Luke Carter, son of Benjamin Carter, declared that if 
the congregation would not complete the meeting-house he would. Capt. Benjamin Carter and 
Jeremiah Carter, of the township of Chatham, were both prominent in the War of the Revolution. Six 
other Carters served in the war from Moiris Count}-, among these, Aaron, the grandfather of the present 
Aaron Carter, Jr. 

Aaron Carter, who lived at Union Hill, Morris County, was born about 1750 and was probably a 
grandson of Benjamin, the first of the name mentioned in connection with Morris County. He married 
Elizabeth Davis, daughter of Caleb Davis (who married Ruth, daughter of Joseph Bruen), son of Caleb, 
of Jonathan, of Thomas, born 1660, son of Stephen Davis, who was of Hartford, 1646, freeman of 
Connecticut, 1648, had for second wife widow of John Ward, Jr. The children of Aaron and Elizabeth 
(Davis) Carter were Lewis, Cahb, Hannah, Sarah, Mary or Polly, married Samuel Condit, who kept a 
hotel in Chatham. 

Caleb Carter, second child of Aaron and Elizabeth (Davis) Carter, was born at Union Hill, Morris 
County, in 1782. He went to Newark about 1800 and learned the business of carriage painting, and was 
one of the pioneers in the carriage manufacturing business. He did an extensive trade with the South. 
On the muster roll of Capt. Baldwin's company in iSo2 appears the name of Caleb Carter. Mr. Carter 
was identified with the Whig party and was something of a politician. He was appointed a magistrate 



288 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

of Newark by Governor W. S. Pennington. Mr. Carter married riioebe Joliiison. daughter of Jotham 
Johnson, son of David (who married Eunice Crane, great-granddaughter of Robert Treat, the first 
Governor of Connecticut under the charter; was Governor for thirty years), son of Nathaniel (married 
Sarah Ogdem, son of Eliphalet, Esq., born 1658, son of Thomas Johnson, one of the committee of 
eleven wlio represented the towns of Milford, Guilford and Branford in arranging for tlie settlement of 
"our Town upon Passaick River, in the Province of New Jersey." Thomas Johnson was one of the 
signers of the Fundamental Agreement. The Town Records of Xewark state that "the Town agreed 
that Mr. Thomas Johnson shall have ICight shillings for his Son's beating the drum this Year and 
Repairing the remai ider of the Year. " Phe town "Agreed with him and Thomas Lutidington to raise 
the Meeting-house for five Pounds." I'homas Johnson was the son of Robert, who came to New 
Haven from Hull. England. The children of Caleb and Phoebe (Johnson) Carter were Elizabeth. 
Harriet, Mary, James, Horace, Aaron, Catharine, Almira, Anna, Phoebe. 

A.\R<)N Caktkk, sixth child and youngest son of Caleb and Phoebe (Johnson 1 Carter, was born 
in Newark, January 17, 1817. He attended one of the best schools in the State — that of Fairchild's 
boarding school, at Mendliam, the board and tuition being at that time one hundred dollars a year. He 
returned home and entered the service of Taylor & Baldwin, manufacturing jewelers, of whom it was said 
they were "entitled to the credit of first winning extended fame for Newark handiwork in the jewelry 
business. Mr. Carter, in his connection with the several succeeding firms, fully maintained the reputa- 
tion established by his old employers. Three years after attaining his majority Mr. Carter formed a 
copartnership with a nephew of Governor VV. S. Pennington and a Mr. Doremus under the firm name of 
Pennington, Carter & Doremus; later it became Carter & Doremus, and after the withdrawal of Mr. 
Doremus, Mr. Carter carried on the business alone for some years under the name of Aaron Carter, Jr. 
It was during this period that he met with his greatest success, and established the reputation that has 
made this the leading house in the jewelry trade. Other changes in the firm were made, but 
Mr. Carter was the leading spirit and continued through the se\'eral changes as senior member. It 
was afterwards Carter, Beaman & Parsons, then Carter & Parsons, Carter, Parsons & Hale, Carter, Hale 
& Co., Carter, llowkins & Dodd, Carter, llowkins & Sloane, Carter, Sloane & Co., and Carter, Hastings 
& Howe. Mr. Carter is probably the oldest representative of the jewelry industry in Newark, which 
began nearly a century ago, his own employer, Taylor, being second in the line of succession from 
Epaphras Hinsdale, who foundeti the business in iSoi. There are few industries which ha\e contributeil 
more to the commercial prosperity of Newark than this, and not one of all the old-time manufacturers 
has preserved a cleaner record for honor, uprightness and business probity than Mr. Carter, a name 
unsullied by a single act which could ever reflect adversely on him or his associates. Through the 
various financial reverses of half a century Mr. Carter has maintained the credit of his firm, and never 
failed to meet his business obligations. He has educated others up to the high standard of business 
honor which has always characterized his firm in their dealings. 

Mr. Carter's influence has been equally felt in the religious interests of his native city as well as 
elsewhere. He was originally a member of the old First Presbyterian Church, of Newark, and helped 
to organize the South Park Church, of which he was one of its first elders, continuing in office until 
1856. After his second marriage, that year, he moved \.o New N'ork City, unitetl with and became an 
elder in Dr. Adams' church, which was the leading Presbyterian church in New \'ork City. In 1864 he 
came to Orange and purchased his present residence of eight acres, including the homestead. He 
enlarged and modernized the house ami made many improvements both within and without. The 
house is Gothic in style and stands in the centre of the large plot which is entireh" enclosed by an ever- 
green hedge. There are sufficient trees to afford ample shade without in any way obscuring the sun- 
light. It possesses all the requirements of a beautiful country seat, and there is an air of restfulness 
and comfort in the surroundings that is in striking contrast to some of the more modern places. 

The Valley Congregational Church being the most convenient to his residence, Mr. Carter united 
with it and for many years concentrated his religious efforts in the work of this church. He was a 






AARON CARTER. 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 289 

trustee and deacon and labored for its temporal as well as its spiritual advancement. In 1890 lie witii- 
drew with many others and lielped to organize the Hillside Presbyterian Church, which has become one 
of the most prosperous and strongest cluirches in the Oranges. Mr. Carter is very pronounced in 
political views, and after the disruption of the old Whig party he united with the Republicans and for 
many years has been one of its most zealous supporters. In 18 — he received the republican nomination 
for the Legislature, but the district being one of the democratic strongholds he was defeated. He 
received, however, the undivided support of his own party. Mr. Carter has other large interests in 
addition to his extensive manufacturing business which absorbs much of his time. He acquired, some 
years ago, stock in the Bombay (India) Tramway and is chairman of its Board of Trustees. He has 
been a director in the Newark City Bank since its organization. He is also a director in the Mutual 
Fire Insurance Company, of New York, and of the /lur/trs' Circular, a publication issued in the 
interests of the jewelry trade. He is a trustee, and much interested in the New Jersey Industrial School 
for Girls, at Trenton. Mr. Carter married, first, Elizabeth C. Tuttle, daughter of William Tuttle, and a 
granddaughter of Nathaniel Camp. There was one surviving child by this marriage, viz., William 
Tuttle, who is associated with liis father in the jewelr\- business. Mr. Carter married, second, Sarah S. 
Trow, daughter of John F. Trow, the founder of Trow's New York Directory. Mrs. Carter's mother, 
Catharine Swift, was the daughter of Gen. Nathaniel Swift, the first graduate of West Point Military 
Academy. The children of the second marriage are John Franklin, Ernest Trow and Herbert Swift. 

Rev. John Franklin, the eldest son, is a graduate of Yale and is rector of St. Mark's Church, Fall 
River, Mass. 

Ernest Trow graduated at Princeton and began the study of law, but failing health compelled him 
to abandon the law and having a natural taste for music he took a course under learned German 
professors and is now a resident of Berlin. 

Herbert Swift, M. D , recently graduated at the New York College of Physicians and Surgeons 
and received the first appointment at the Presbyterian Hospital. 

CHARLES n. DECKER, who has filled the position of President of the Orange Bank since October, 
1893, is a leading merchant and represents the most progressive element in the community, having for 
more than a quarter of a century conducted a business which has increased from a few thousand to over 
half a million dollars annually, and has thus given ample proof of his ability as a financier. Under his 
administration the affairs of the bank have been successfully managed to the entire satisfaction of his 
associates and all interested in its prosperity, and Mr. Decker has retained the public confidence and 
respect of his fellow-citizens. His career has been eminently a useful one, and yet without other 
ambition than such as attaches to the faithful performance of those duties which have been from 
time to time assigned to him in the community in which his lot has been cast. Mr. Decker comes of 
Holland and New England stock, a mixture which indicates thrift, industry, energy and perseverance. 
His father was a successful business man and stood high in the community where he lived. 

The History of Chemung County, New York State, contains the following record relating to the 
grandmother and grandfather of Mr. Decker: "The first white child born in the town of Ashland, of 
which there is any record, was Eunice Kel.sey, her birthday having been on March 16, 1789, her father 
being Abner Kelsey. Eunice grew to womanhood and married Jacob Decker. She became the mother 
of six children, three sons and three daughters." The above record is correct with the exception of the 
number of children, which should be six sons and two daughters. 

Jacob Decker, above referred to, was a native of Orange County, N. Y., and removed thence to 
Chemung County. The name of Johannis Decker is mentioned among the settlers of the town of 
Montgomery, Orange County, between 1768 and 1778. He was probably a son or grandson of Abraham 
Decker, who came from Holland and settled in Copake, N. Y., in 1757. Among the children of Jacob 
and Eunice (Kelsey) Decker was Harrison Decker, born about 1821, at Wellesburgh, Chemung County, 
N. Y. He married Harriet, daughter of Charles Tubbs, a descendant of William Tubbs, of Duxbury, 



290 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

Mass., who was admitted a freeman of Plymouth colony in 1637. He volunteered to go on an expedi- 
tion against the Pequot Indians in June of the same \'ear. He was a member of the famous Capt. 
Miles Standish's military company. 

Charles M. Decker, son of Harrison and Harriet (Tubbs) Decker, was born in W'ellesburgh, Chemung 
County, N. Y., November — , 1850. His educational opportunities were limited to the public schools of 
his native town. As a boy he was self-reliant and ambitious. At the age of fourteen he made his first 
trip to New York in search of employment. After spending a short time in the city he concluded to 
visit an old friend of his father's — Stephen D. Herman, then residing and doing business in Orange. 
He was kindly received and through the influence of Mr. Herman he obtained a situation with Benjamin 
F. Cairnes in the grocery business. After remaining with him about a year he entered the employ of 
Mr. Herman, continuing with him and his successors until 1869. In 1870 he went to New York and 
started in the butter business and the following year returned to Orange and bought out his old 
employer, Mr. Cairnes; he had then just attained his majority. Instead of following the old business 
methods of his predecessors he inaugurated an entire new system. He saw that in order to secure the 
trade of suburban residents, many of whom continuctl to patronize New York houses, he must shape his 
course accordingly. He stocked his place with the finest goods in the market, established the delivery 
system, sold on "short credit" and gradually brought the trade to a hcinic market. After his lease 
e.xpired he moved into the new building on the opposite side of Main Street, in East Orange, where he 
was provided with ample facilities for his growing trade. He purchased strictly for cash and thus 
secured an advantage that enabled him to distance all competitors. His trade gradual!)- e.xtended 
through all the Oranges and into the towns and villages on the outskirts of the county. Beginning with 
a trade of §10,000 to §12,000 a year in 1871-2, it reached half a million in 1893. The securing of this 
large amount of trade, a portion of which was formerly divided among New York houses, has added 
materially to the wealth and prosperity of the Oranges. 

In 1889 Mr. Decker opened a branch house in Orange, in the building of S. & C. A. Lindsley, on 
Main Street, and the following year he bought the Sharp property at 222 and 224 Main Street on which 
he erected one of the finest and most substantial buildings to be found in any part of Essex County, 
an ornament to the city of Orange for which his fellow-citizens have reason to be proud. The front of 
the building is of Indiana stone, rubied. It is four stories high, 50 x lOO feet, extending from Main 
Street to Railroad Avenue. The ti)tal cost, including the land, was about §65,000. This, together 
with the new bank building, has added much to the appearance of Orange as a business centre. 
Mr. Decker has made other investments in real estate which he has developed and improved, thus 
adding materially to the wealth of the city. While he has always done his duty as a citizen in pro- 
moting good government, Mr. Decker has never taken any active part in the political affairs of the city 
or county, his business interests demanding his whole attention. As to the personal traits of Mr. 
Decker, no words of eulogy are required. It is sufficient to state that lie enjoys the confidence and 
respect of his fellow-citizens and that his word is as good as his bond. E\ery transaction of his life 
will bear the closest scrutiny. As '• nothing succeeds like success," his business record speaks for itself. 
Mr. Decker has not only made a record for himself as a Builder, but is identified by marriage with the 
Founders of the Oranges through two of the oldest families in East Orange — the Peck and the Jones 
families. His wife is a daughter of Alfred and Margaret E. (Peck) Jones, two of the earliest settlers 
of the locality formerly known as " Pecktown." Mr. Decker has had nine children, viz.: Margaret, 
Harrison, Charles M., Jr., deceased, Addie L., Arthur, May, Richard F., Katharj-n, Laraus. 

JAMES BELL. In a two-fold sense. James Bell is one of the oldest Builders of the Oranges. First, 
in a material sense, as a mechanical builder he has erected a number of buildings, both public and 
private, ha\ing begun operations in the early fifties; second, in a spiritual sense, he has been instru- 
mental in the building up of the religious interests in the Oranges. Mr. Bell was born in the city of 
Perth, Scotlaiul, July 27, 1825. He was .sent to what was known as a trade school, maintained by 




CHARLES M. DECKER. 



The Founders and Guilders of the Oranges. 



291 



business men or tradesmen for a thorou^li instruction in the rudimentary branches for tlieir own 
children. Particular attention was given to his religious education by a devoted Christian mother. He 
was left a fatherless orphan at the age of five years and ten years later he lost his mother. He lived 
with his aunt for a time, wiio belonged to the Independents or Congregationalists. and from her he 
imbibed many of his ideas of church polity which influenced his later life. After the death of his 
mother the little property was sold and James, with his six brothers and one sister, came to this country 
and settled for a time at Little Falls, above Paterson, X. J. His sister subsequently returned to Scot 
land, and he, with four of his brothers, came to Orange in 1843. He and another brother both learned 
the mason's and stone cutting trades, and after serving their time formed a copartnership with another 
brother to carry on the business. Tiiere were only three other builders in all the Oranges at that time, and 
yet there was not work enough to keep him and his brother employed. Thej- therefore went to Newark, 
where they secured some large contracts and carried on a successful business for some time. Among 
other buildings which they constructed was the High Street Presbyterian Church. About this time — 
1850 — he and his brother removed to Newark and leased a quarry in Belleville in order to procure 
material for their building operations. Previous to this his eldest brother withdrew from the firm. 

They continued for two or three years when James 
Bell, having secured a large contract with the Illinois 
Central Railroad Co., concluded to go West. He 
did a fairly good business with the company, but 
sickness in his family compelled him to return East, 
and about 1855 or '56 he settled permanently in 
Orange where for many years he carried on an 
extensive business in the building line. To facili- 
tate his building operations he first leased two 
([uarries and afterwards purchased one on the 
mountain from which he took large quantities of 
brown or red sandstone. He supplied other build- 
ers in addition to what he used himself. He built 
the Central Presbyterian Church, the first story of 
St. John's R. C. Church, on High Street, put up 
the spire of St. Mark's Episcopal Church, in West 
Orange, and built both the first and afterwards the 
second church edifice for the Valley Congregational 
Church. He has made additions and alterations 
to many of the other churches in the Oranges. He 
continued in the building line until 1874 and then 
started in the coal business in connection with the 
sale of masons' materials, he being the first to estab- 
lish the latter business in Orange. After more than 
forty years of active business life he retired in 1890. 
Soon after he settled in Orange, Mr. Bell purchased 
the property on the corner of Forest and Valley Streets, where the Church of the Holy Communion now 
stands. This he sold later and bought the property where he now resides, on Scotland Street, fronting 
the D. L. & W. R. R. This was the old Quimby homestead. He made extensive additions and altera- 
tions to the house, but retained among other interesting relics of the past, the old hand-carved colonial 
mantel. 

Soon after returning to Orange, Mr. Bell united with the old First Presbyterian Church and 
remained in communion with it for a few years. When the movement was begun to organize a new- 
interest in the valley, he entered with zeal and earnestness into the work, and became one of the leading 




JAMES HULL. 



292 TiiK Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

spirits, and when it had grown to such an extent as to justif)- the organization of a church he was 
earnestly in favor of adopting the Congregational polity, and from that time to the present he has been 
one of the main pillars of the Valley Congregational Church. He was elected a member of the first 
Board of Trustees, and when it was decided to erect a church edifice his knowledge and experience was 
of great value to his associates, and when, in later years, the church grew in numbers and strength, it 
became necessary to erect a more commodious place of worship, the chief management of the affair 
was left to him, and he constructed a building of such solidity and strength that it will remain for ages 
to come as a monument to his memory, and is emblematic of his own strength and solidity of character. 
In the construction of the spiritual edifice Mr. Bell has been no less conspicuous. As the years have 
advanced his own religious views have broadened and deepened, and from his own experience he has 
been able to strengthen the weak and encourage the despondent, and as stone after stone was laid, 
cemented together with brotherly love and kindness, he contributed materially to this end, his own 
cheerful, happy disposition tending to promote harmony, and was like oil on the troubled waters. He 
was a trustee before the church was organized, and served as deacon for twenty-two years. 

In early life M. Bell became impressed with the beauties of symbolic or speculative Masonry and 
became one of the earliest members of Union Lodge, F. & A. M., of Orange, after its reorganization. 
Later he became a member of Orange Chapter, R. A. M. He is still a Mason in good standing though 
nonaffiliated. Mr. Bell married Ellen Strother, daughter of George Strother, of Belle\ille, N. J. He 
has three living children, viz.: Isabella, who married Charles De.xheimer; Emma, who resides with him 
at the present time, and Allister, a recent graduate of the Newark Academy. 

JOHN OXENBRIDGE HEALD, third child of Daniel A. and Sarah Elizabeth (Washburni Hcald, 
[see Heald family. West Orange] was born at Ludlow, Vt., October i8, 1850. He was prepared for 
college at Philips' Exeter Academy and was graduated at Vale in 1873. He studied law with Judge 
Edward Patterson, of New York City, and spent one year at Columbia College Law School, was 
admitted to the bar in October, 1876, and began practice immediately after. He formed a law copartner- 
ship with George Richards in 1879, which still continues. In addition to his general law practice he has 
been especially identified with insurance litigation and has been successful in the trial of many import- 
ant cases in the New \'(irk courts, involving important ta.x legislation both in New York and other 
States. As a lawyer he is careful, thorough, pain.staking, reliable and honest. 

Since early childhood Mr. Heald has given much attention to the culture of his voice and the study 
of music. He was a member of the Yale Glee Club while in college and since his graduation has been 
connected with some of the best known musical organizations in the country. He has been for more 
tlian twenty years a member of the Mendelssohn Glee Club, of New York City, the leading male chorus 
in the country. He was one of the founders of the Orange Mendelssohn Union, the most prominent of 
its kind in the .State of New Jersey, and has been for ten years its President. He was President of the 
New England Society, of Orange, in 1892-3-4; he was President of the Yale Alumni Association, 
of Essex County, N. J., for four years, and eight years chairman of the Executive Committee. He 
organized the Orange Distilleti Water Ice Compan\- and was its first and is still Presitlent of the 
company, lie is a member of the Ad\isory Board of the Sewer Committee, of Orange, and has been 
active in promoting public imi:)rovements. He is a trustee of the Trinity Congregational Church, of 
East Orange. Mr. Heald married, September 3, 1885, Miss Elizabeth Manning, daughter of Joseph E. 
Manning, of I-'itchliurg, Mass. Their children are Ruth Washburn and Daniel .Addison. 

THE KIDDER FAMILY. 

There is not an organized body of men in the Oranges who enjoy greater opportunities for doing 
good and promoting the welfare of the whole community than those connected with the New England 
Society. Mr. Camillus G. Kidder availed himself of the privilege to which he was justly entitled by 
reason of his New England ancestry, soon after he decided to make his home in Orange, and he has had 
no occasion to regret it. He has made for himself a name and place in this community. 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 293 

James Kidder was the ancestor of most if not of all the families of that name in America, but the 
family is tracctl throui^'h the English records to the thirteenth century. James, the patriarch of the 
American family of this name, was born at Rast Grinstead, in Sussex, England, in 1626, and was the son 
of James Kidder, of Mansfield. He was located at Cambridge, Mass., before 1650, where he married, 
about 1649, Anna Moore, daughter of Elder l->ancis Moore. In 1675, during King I'hilip's war, he was 
in the public service and kept guard over the small tribe "f Indians at Wamesct, now a part of Lowell, 
and was soon after appointed to the command of a garrison-house. He died April 16, 1676, in the 
midst of the war. He had twelve children, of whom /o/i/i was the fourth. 

John Kidder, fourth child of James and .Anna (Moore) Kidder, was born in Cambridge, in 1655-6, 
died in Chelmsford, Mass. He owned five hundred arces of land on the west side of Concord River, in 
Chelmsford, where he resided. He married Lydia, daughter of Abraham Parker, and had issue twelve 
children, of whom Thoiiias was the third. 

Thomas Kidder, third child of John and Lydia (Parker) Kidder, was born in Chelmsford, Mass., 
October 30, 1690. He married Joanna Keyes, December 31, 1716, and had five children, of whom 
Reuben was the third. 

Reuben Kidder, known as "Colonel Kidder," third child of Thomas and Joanna (Keyes) Kidder, 
was born in Chelmsford, now Westford, in 1723. He was a surveyor by occupation, and after the close 
of the French and Indian War of 1748 he purchased of some of the Ipswich grantees their dormant 
rights and became the principal founder of the town of New Ipswich. He turned his attention to the 
culture of fruit on a very extensive scale and had one of the largest and most valuable orchards in New 
England. He erected the first mill in this region. About 1770 Gov. Wentworth made him Colonel of 
a regiment of militia. At the cominencement of the Revokitinn he held two offces under the King and 
many of his friends were among the royal party. Declining to act under the authority of a Committee 
of Safety of the Provincial Congress, he was superseded in his military command by an act passed in 
1775. He died September 20, 1793. He married Susanna Burge, March 21, 1754, and had twelve 
children, of whom Reuben was the sixth. 

Reuben Kidder (2), sixth child of Col. Reuben and Susannah (Burge) Kidder, was born in New 
Ipswich, April 3, 1768. After taking his degree of A. B., class of 1791, Dartmouth College, he qualified 
himself for the profession of law, and established himself at Waterville, Me., in the spring of 1795, the 
first lawyer who adventured so far north into what was then almost a wilderness. He moved to New 
Harmony, Iml., in 1816, where he died the year following. He married Lois Crosby and had four 
children, of whom Camilbis was the third. 

Camillus Kidder, third child of Reuben (2) and Lois (Crosby) Kidder, was born at Waterville, Me., 
June 27, 1805, died in Boston, January 16, 1883. He went to Bangor, Me., when a young man and 
engaged in business there, and moved to Baltimore, Md., in 1S42. He was a staunch Unionist during 
the Civil War and his business was greatly injured in consequence, and his personal safety threatened. 
Mr. Kidder married, October 16, 1834, Sarah Thompson Herrick, daughter of General Jedediah and 
Mehitable (Thompson) Herrick, of Hampden, Me. [The Herrick family are supposed to derive descent 
from Eric the Forester, and therefore from the ancient King of Sweden]. Gen. Jedediah Herrick was 
captain and major in the War of 181 2, and tlistinguished himself in action at the time of the burning of 
the corvette "John Adams." He was the first High Sheriff of Penobscot County, Me., and was Major- 
Gcncral of the Tenth Division, Massachusetts Militia (Maine then being a part of Massachusetts). He 
was the son of Joseph (^born 1746), and Elizabeth (Preston) Herrick, son of Major Israel Herrick, who 
served nineteen campaigns in the French and Indian War and left it a brevet-major; he also fought at 
Bunker Hill, in the Rc\olution, and resigned his commission as major when the army left Cambridge. 
He was the son of Benjamin, born 1700, son of Joseph (2), born 1667, son of Joseph (l), of Cherry Hill, 
Salem, Mass.; baptized 1645; known as "Governor," having commanded a military post or district. He 
was the son of Henry Herrick, the ancestor, born 1604, who settled in Salem, Mass., son of Sir William 
Herrick, of Beau Manor, County of Leicester, England. The children of Camillus and Sarah Thompson 



294 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges 

(Herrick) Kidder, were : Elizabeth, married John Truslow, of New York City; Jerome Henr\-, who 
served during the War of the Revolution, and subsequently became surgeon in the U. S. Xavy, and 
Catnillus George. 

Camillus George Kidder, youngest child of Camillus and Sarah Thompson (Herrick) Kidder, 
was born in Baltimore, Md., July 6, 1850. He prepared for college at Philips' Academy, Exeter, N. H.. 
and graduated from Harvard College in the class of 1872. He was a good scholar, and took high rank 
in his class. After graduation he taught private pupils for about a year, and read law. In the spring of 
1873 he visited the Vienna Exposition, and in the following autumn entered Harvard Law School where 
he received the degree of L.L. B., ciiui laiide. He then became managing clerk in the law office of 
Emott, Burnett & Hammond, New \'ork Cit\-. He was admitted to the New York bar in January, 
1877, and became junior partner of the firm. In 1S79 '^'i'-' *^'''" name was changed to Emott, Hammond 
& Kidder. Upon the death of his late senior partner, James Emott, he started in the practice of law 
upon his own account. In 1891 he formed a copartnership with John S. Melcher, under the firm name 
of Kidder & Melcher, and this firm now enjoys a successful practice. 

Mr. Kidder has been a resident of Orange since 1882 and has made many warm friends. Public 
spirited and progressive, he has not only advocated, but has been active in promoting public improve- 
ments. He has served as a member of the Board of School Commissioners for Orange, where his advice 
and counsel were deemed useful. He is a working member of All Saints' Episcopal Church and has been 
a member of its vestry. He has served the New England Society of Orange, as Secretary and in other 
capacities. He was one of the original stockholders of the Orange Athletic Club and is a member of 
the South Orange Field Club. He organized the Essex County Electric Companw since absorbed by 
the Newark Electric Light and Power Company, and was for many \-ears a director and the counsel of 
the former corporation. He is a member of various literary and other societies in New York and 
elsewhere, among which are the New luigland -Society, of New \'ork. New York Historical and Genea- 
logical Society, New York Reform Club, Harvard, Church and University Clubs, of New York, Phi Beta 
Kappa Alumni Association, New York Civil Service Reform Association, Philips' Exeter Academj- 
Association and the Bunker Hill Association, of Boston, Mass. Mr. Kidder married, December 3, 1881, 
Matilda Cushman Faber, daughter of Gustavus William and Angelica Cushman I'abcr, of New ^'ork. 
Their children are Jerome F'aber, Lois I'aber and George Herrick I-'aber. 



THE L'HOMMEDIEU FAHILY. 

" I'airhome," the home of the L'Hommedieus, is one of the attractive features of the locality 
known as Mountain Station, a little north of the South Orange line. The place abounds in trees, shrubs, 
flowers, in great variety, covering three acres of ground and formerly known as the Hamlin Place. It 
occupies an elevated position and the \iew is unsurpassed. Around and about the place there is e\er\- 
indication of lu.vury and refinement, comprising all that constitutes a nioilel home. iWr. L'Hommedieu 
has in his possession one of the most interesting relics ever brought to this country, viz., the Bible which 
belonged to his ancestor, Henjamin L'Hommedieu. It was printetl in I'.nglancl in i6^"o and contains the 
following inscription written by its original owner: "The first /rw/.v that I came to this countr\- I lande 
at K()d Island the first february, 1686." The name indicates the character of the family, which signifies 
"the man of (iod." This was one of the numerous Huguenot families who were driven from France 
after the revocation of the Edict of Xantes. 

This Benjamin was the son of John and Patience (Throckmorton) L'Hommedieu, born in 1618, 
died in Newport, R. I., 1708. Benjamin was born in Rochelle, France, in 1665, and, as the inscription 
in his Bible shows, came to this country in "february, 16S6." He removed later to Southold, L. I., 
where he had special privileges granted him by the Governor of the Province of New York and opened 
a store for trade in the new village. He married Patience, daughter of Capt. Nathaniel Sylvester, of 



The Founders and Builders ok the Oranges. 



29s 



koxbury, England, who then owned Sylvester's — now known as Shelter — Island. Benjamin was a 
thriving, prosperous merchant in his day. llis ciiildrcn were Benjamin, Jr., Hosea, Sylvester, /V/«r, 
and two daughters, Patience and Susan. Iknjaniin, Sr., died January 4, 1748-9. 

Peter L'Mommedicu, fourth child of Benjamin and Patience (Sylvester) L' I lommcdicu, was born 
at Southold, L. I., August 19, 1699. He married and had, among other children, a son, Constant. 

Constant I.'l lommedieu, son of Peter, was born F"cbruary 5, 1730. lie married Deborah Young 
and had a son, Xut/Kiiiiii. 

Nathaniel L'Hommedieu. son of Constant antl Deborah (Young) L'Hommcdieu, was born August 
19, 1762. He married Ann Burcham. He followed the sea for many years as master of a vessel and 
later engaged in the shipping business and was recognized as one of the leading merchants in the city. 
He was always known as Capt. Nathaniel, lie had, among other children, a son, Xnt/nuiii/ Constant. 

Nathaniel Constant l.'Hommedieu, son of Capt. Nathaniel and .\nn ( Burchamj L'Hommcdieu, 
was born in New \'ork City, March 4, 1810. He married Jane Maria Hepburn, and had two children. 
Ward Burcham and Syhcstcr Yoinii^. 

Syi.VESTKR Yol'NG L'HoMMKDiKr, son of Nathaniel Constant and Jane Maria ( Hepburn 1 L'Huin- 
medieu. was born in New York City. He lived for 
a number of years with his parents in Brooklyn, 
and was educated at the Polytechnic Institute. His 
earliest business experience was acquired in the silk 
house of E. H. Arnold with whom he remained for 
ten years, and at the time of his separation occu- 
pied an important position with this house. In 

he started in the rubbei business under the firm 
name of S. V. L'Hommedieu & Co., representing 
different manufacturing firms of rubber goods. He 
built up a successful trade which has constantly 
increased from year to year. The firm was changed 
to the S. ^'. L'Hommedieu Co., in 1886 and a stock 
company was formed. Mr. L'Hommedieu's con- 
nection with Orange began in 1874, w'hen he 
took up llis residence at Mountainside .Station. 
Later he purchased the Hamlin place on Montrose 
Avenue, on which he made many impro\-cmL-nts, 
both interior and e.xterior. lioth he and his 
wife have been for many years prominent in social 
affairs in the Oranges. He was for some years 
a member of the Orange Athletic Club and is 
at present a member of the Esse.v County Countrj- 
Club. While a resident of Brooklyn Mr. L'Hom- 
medieu became impressed with the beauties of 
symbolic or speculative Masonry and was made a 
member of Anglo-Saxon Lodge, No. 137, F. & A. M. 
In capitular Masonry he was advanced and e.xalted 
in Constellation Chapter, R. A. M., of Brooklyn. 

Mr. L'Hommedieu married .Abby Caroline Baldwin, daughter of Isaac Preston Baldwin, of Orange, 
born 1821, son of Isaac, born 1791. son of Caleb, born 1757, son of Ezekiel. born 1719, son of John, born 
1683, son of Jonathan, born 1649, son of Joseph, the Newark ancestor. The children of this marriage 
are Frank Arnold, Sylvester V., Natalie Constant and .\ugusta Bean. 




SYLVESTER YOUNG I. IIOMMEUIEL'. 



296 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

GEORGE BAYLES, H. D., was born in the city of New York, August 7, 1836. He was prepared 
for college at private schools, graduated at the College of the City of New York in 1856, and later from 
the Medical Department of Columbia College. He was surgeon on a packet ship of the Blackball Line 
and immediately after the breaking out of the war was appointed assistant surgeon of the Twenty-fifth 
Regiment, N. Y. Volunteers, and was transferred to the First Regiment, N. Y. Heavy Artillerj-, which 
later became the F'ourth Regiment, of which he was appointed surgeon with rank of Major. Later he 
became assistant surgeon U. S. A. and served until the close of the war. On his return he located at 
Irvington-on-the-Hudson and served for some years as local sanitary inspector in the late Metropolitan 
Board of Health. In 1867 he became a Fellow of the New York Academy of Medicine. He settled in 
Orange in 1879 ^vhere he has since continued in active practice. He has been for eight years on the 
staff of the Orange Memorial Hospital and is connected with the various medical societies. 

THE HITCH FAMILY. 

The name of Hitch, although rather an unusual one, is familiar to the people of the Oranges 
through Mr. Henry F. Hitch's connection with the New England Society as its President, and also 
through other organizations with which he has been identified during his residence of a quarter of a 
century. This is a family of considerable antiquit}-, ha\ing its origin in Worcestershire and Berkshire, 
England. According to the standard works on heraldry the family bore .-Jrwj-. — Quarterly; first and 
fourth, or a bend vair, between two cotises, indented sable ; second and third per fesse, or and sable 
three estoiles counterchanged. Crest. — An antelope's head, erased, sable tufted, armed, and manned or, 
vulned through the neck with a bird-bolt or, feathered argent, holding the end in his mouth. Motto. — 
Avi numerantur avorum. The American ancestor of the Hitch family settled in ^Maryland in the early 
part of the seventeenth century. Samuel, the fourth in descent from the ancestor, with his brother and 
cousin, removed to Fairhavcn, Mass., and that part of the town where he resided became known as 
Hitchville. 

Capt. Joshua Hitch, son of .Samuel, was born in Fairhaven, Mass. He was a well-known sea captain 
and a brave and fearless officer. During the War of 1812-15 he commanded the privateer Governor 
Gerry. She was schooner-built and thoroughly equipped for business. After landing a cargo of silks 
and other valuable goods in some French port, she came out July 29, 18 13, and ran directly into a fleet 
(if British men-of-war. She was given chase and only surrendered after she had carried awa\' all her 
spars. Capt. Hitch carried the first .American flag to Rio Grantle. l^razil. He married Mary \\'ilke\- 
and had a son, Henry Iliraiii. 

Henry I lir.ini Hitch, son of Capt. Joshua and Mary (Wilkey) Hitch, was born in Fairhaven, Mass., in 
1805. He went out to Periiambuco, Brazil, when a young man, where he was engaged as clerk in a 
commission house. He was living there at the time Lord Cochran bombarded and captured the city, in 
1824. He subsequently sailed as supercargo of a vessel and rose to the position of captain. In 1835 
he formed a copartnership with his brother-in-law, Henry Forster, and established a large trade between 
I'ernambuco and the United States. He was well and fa\orably known in the shipping trade. He died 
at his home in Brazil in 1847. He married Elizabeth, daughter of Jireh Swift, of New Bedford, Mass., 
a direct descendant of William Swift, who came from Bocking, County Suffolk, England. He was in 

Watertown, Mass., 1634, and removed thence to Sandwich in 1644. His widow, Joan , made her 

will October 12, 1662, and named son William and others. 

William (2), son of William (i), was a representative at the General Court at Sandwich, 1673-4-7-8. 
By his wife, Ruth, he had eleven children, one of \\\\ovn, Jireh, the eighth, was born 1665. 

Jireh (i), son of William Swift, was born in 1665, married Abigail Gibbs, and had a son, Jireh {2). 

Jireh Swift (2), son of Jireh (l), was born November 23, 1709, married Deborah Hathaway and had, 
among other children, a son, Jireh (3). 

Jireh Swift (^3), son of Jireh (2) and Deborah (Hathaway) Swift, was born in 1740. He served with 
the Massachusetts Militia in the War of the Revolution as corporal in Capt. .\braham Washburn's 



V 


•tfRv 




m 







X J,^' 



\ 



HENRY F. HITCH. 



Tin-: Founders and Buii.df.rs of the Oranges. 207 

company. Cdl. Rdward MitclicM's regiment, in 1776. hi July, i7.Su, he was scr^'i,int in the -amc 
compan\-, ami volunteered for service on the alarm of July 30, in Rhode Island. He married Kli/aheth 
Haskell, and had a ■-.on, J irr/i (4). 

Jireh Swift (41, son of Jirch (3), was born SeplemlHr 26, 1773: married i-Jizabeth Hathaway and 
had issue, twelve children, ci| whom Elizabeth H., born .\u^nist 9, iSc/", w.is the eldest. She married, as 
before stated. Henry llii.mi lliti.h. 

Hknkv l-iiRsiKK 111 nil, only son of Capt. Henry Hiram and Elizabeth iSwifi 1 Hitch, was born 
at l'"airhaven. Mass., 1S35. He was educated at .Stephen M. Weld's school, Jamaica I'l.iins, Mass.. and 
began his business career as cK-rk in the dry goods commission house of Wright & Whitman, Boston. 
From there he went to I'ernambuco. Brazil, in 1S54. and entered his Lite father's firm (Henry I*"orsfer 
& Co. I. of which he became a partner in 1857, remaining there permanently until iSCi. He then came 
to Xew ^'ork .md rstai)lisluil the house of H. H. Swift & Co. He has continued his connection with 
the old firm f(U mme tli.iii lort_\- years, going back and forth as occasion required. His is one of the 
best know 11 and is now the only .\merican firm in Bernambuco, Brazil. He has largely increased the 
trade between Brazil and tlu Unite<l States, introducing manj" new articles of commerce. He was the 
first to introduce kerosene into Brazil and for many years his firm were the largest exporters of sugar 
and importers of American llnur. He was acting American Consul of Pernambuco for some time and 
became \ery pojnilar w ith the people, his own place being the headquarters for Americans. In 1865 he 
assisted in obtaining a subsidy for. and in establishing the first line of American steamers between 
Brazil and the United States, which continued fcjr twenty-five years, his firm acting as agents. Mr. 
Hitch has also been connected with internal impro\ements in Brazil. His firm assisted in establishing 
the first street railroatl in rernanibuco. 

Mr. Hitch became a resident of that part of South Orange known as Montrose in lS7i,an(l after 
renting for a short time he bought of Mr. Vose a jilot of nearly three acres on Irving A\enue. corner of 
Scotland .Street. He enlargtil the house and madi- many inipro\enienls. He interested himself in 
public affairs and worked with his neighbors to build up the locality. He was elected a village trustee. 
He assisted in founding the free library and was its first treasurer. He was instrumental in starting the 
l'~irst L'liitarian Church, of (tr.mgt-, anil has l)cen I'lesident of the Hoard of Trustees since its organiza- 
tion. His connection with the New I'.nglanil Societ\- began in 1872 when the society was in its infancN", 
and from that time to the present he has been among the most earnest of its working members and 
always in full s\nipathy with its objects. He served as Vice-President from 1SS9 to 1891 and was 
elected President in 1892. He was a member of the special committee appointetl in 1S8S to take 
suitable action to compel the D. L. & W. R. R. to furnish better accommodations to the tra\eling public 
of Orange, resulting in the withdrawing of over four hundreil commuters from that road, who transferred 
their patronage to the Erie R. R. |The work assigned him on that committee was finished by another 
member, as he was obliged in the interim to leave home to attend to his business interests in Brazil. He 
was in full sympathy, however, with the committee and endorsed its action.] Mr. Hitch has filled a 
prominent part in the social affairs of Orange and South Orange. He was one of the organizers of 
the Orange Lawn Tennis Club, and was its President for a number of years : also of the Orange Athletic 
Club and one of its first Board of Directors. He is a member of the South Orange Field Club, Ksse.K 
County Countr\- Cluh .mil other locd organizations. He was one of the early members of the Union 
League Club, New York, and a member of the L.xecutive Committee. He was also one of the 
original subscribers to the Down Town Club, of New \'ork. 

Mr. Hitch married Elizabeth, daughter of Capt. Joseph C. and Sylvia (Swift) Delano, of New- 
Bedford. Mass.. a descendant of Philippe de la Noye, a l-'rench Protestant (born about 1602-3, baptized 
at the Walloon Church, December 7, 16031, who joined the English at Leyden when they were about to 
start for America, and was allowed to come with them on the second vessel, the Fortune, which arrived 
at Plvmouth. November 9. 1621. He was made a h'reeman 1632. moved to Duxbury, had fi>rty acres 
of land there in 1637 and eight hundred acres in Dartmouth. He was the son of Jean de Launey, a 



298 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



I'rencli Hu'Tuenot, expelled with his w ifc from France on account of his religion. He married, fust, in 
1634, Hester Dewsbury : married, second, Mary, daughter of William I'ontus. Mrs. Hitch mee Delano) 
traces her descent from Philippe de la Noye through Jonathan, the fourth son, born 164S, Thomas, born 
1704, married Jane Peckham, Ephraim, horn 1733. married Elizabeth Cushman. Allerton. born 1767, 
married Sarah Clement, Joseph C, married, first, Alice R. Howland. second. Sylvia Swift. The children 
of Henry F. and Elizabeth (Delano) Hitch are Allerton, Sylvia, Joseph, Julia, Elizabeth. 

Allerton, the eldest, was born in Pernambuco, Brazil, and was educated at Adams Academy, 
Ouincy, Mass. He has been for some years engaged in the importing business in New \'iirk. He 
married Gertrude Minna Dumbell, daughter of Rev. George W. Dumbell, D. D. 

Joseph, the third child and second son, is a graduate of Harvard College and now employed in a 
dry goods commission house in New \'ork. 

THE TILNEY FAHILY. 

The family of Tilney is of Norman origin, but derives from the town of Tilney, in the county 

of Norfolk, England, and was one of 

^^^t^:^.^ ,^ ^^ « (0 a,.-i^^^^jSL^\ ^^'^^ most ancient of Knights' degrees 

V^- "" y<ML. : ^^jpfe^fci'l'SjIHBB?^''' ~=^^ ^tV '" Engla'id. Frodo, the first of the 

^ ■'^Tra32]S^^3P»^£- B (k family, came into England in the reign 

of Edward the Confessor, and held 
many lordships in Suffolk and Norfolk 
at the time of the Norman survey ; he 
gave divers lands to Hur\- Abbey which 
were confirmed by William the Con- 
queror. Baldwin, the brother of Frodo, 
was a monk of St. Deny's, in France. 
II; was afterwards the third abbot of 
Hur\- St. Edmunds. The eldest son of 
Frodo was Alan de Tilney, who lived 
in the reign of Stephen. Alan's heir u as 
Adam de Tilney, who had large posses- 
sions in Marshland in Norfolk in the 
reign of Henry H. His eldest son was Baldwin de Tilney, from whom de.scended the Tilneys of Marsh- 
land. Adam de Tilney's second son was Sir 
Francis de Tilney, a man of more than ordinarj- 
strength and stature, who had his chief resi- 
dence in Boston. He attended King Richard I, 
Anno Domini 1 190, into the Holy Land ; was 
with him at the Siege of Aeon, where he was 
said to have performed prodigies of valor, and 
was there knighted for his services. After his re- 
turn home he spent the remainder of his life at 
Torrington, in Norfolk, where he was buried- 
Sixteen knights of his name, it is said, succeeded 
him. His grandson, of the same name, lived in 
Boston in the reign of Edward H and III, and 
married Margaret, daughter of Sir John Roche- 
ford. Thomas Howard, the second Duke of 
Norfolk, married Elizabeth.daughter and heiress 
of Sir Frederick Tilney, of Ashwcll Thorpe, view ok ham., iilnf.y residence. 




FRONT VIEW OK TIl.NEY RESIDENCE. 




Tin; Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



299 



whose first husband was Sir llimiphrcy Hourcliicr, son of Jolm Lord Homers, by wlioni slie liad a son 
named John, who succeeded to his grandfatlicr's title and estate, and a daughter of Anne, wlio married 
Thomas Lord Dacre, and is tiie "Ladie Dakers of the Southe," celebrated by the poet Skclton. 
Elizabeth Tiincy's eldest daughter by her second marriage was Elizabeth, afterwards married 
to Sir Thomas Boleyn and mother to Anne Holeyn, the mother of Queen Elizabeth. The Duke 
of Norfolk had for liis second wife another lad\- of the Tilney family — Agnes, daughter of Sir 
Hugh de Tilney, of Boston, sister of Sir I'hilip Tilney, of Shilley, in Suffolk, and cousin to his first 
wife. The third daughter by this marriage was the " Ladie Elizabeth Howarde," also celebrated by 
Skelton. The Subsidy Rolls mention John de Tilney, of Boston, in 1333. Frederick de Tilney, of 
Boston, was a member of the Corpus Christie (niild in 1349 and 1364. Tilney Lane, Soutli End, is 
mentioned in the Corporation Records in 1534 and 1564, and the Tilney lands, in Skirkbcck (Juarters, 
are mentioned in 1640 in connection with Litchfield Bridge and Litchfield Hills. The coat armour of 
the Tilney family, as given by Burke, is An/is. — Argent a chevron between three griflfins' heads erased 
gules beaked or. Cnst. — A griffin's head erased gules eared or, holding in the beak a gemring of 
the last. 

Lieut. Col. John Tilney was the first representative of the family to come to America. He settled 
in Accomac County, Virginia, previous to 1650, where he died in 1701. He took patents for 7,000 
acres of land and became an extensive planter. He 
held positions of trust and honor in Accomac and 
Northampton Counties and assisted in building 
Hunger's Parish Church. His son John and his 
grandson Jonathan remained in Virginia on the 
family estate and were planters, llezekiah, son of 
Jonathan Tilney, left \'irginia about 1750 for Mary- 
land, where he became a land owner and planter in 
Somerset, now Worcester County. Jonathan, son 
of Hezekiah Tilney, sold the estate in Maryland 
and settled near Milton. .Sussex County, Delaware, 
about 1800. He was survived by two sons, John 
and Stringer. Stringer Tilney left children, John, 
Sally and Robert. John Tilne\- had children, Robert 
and Alletta. Robert died childless. AUetta married 
William Riley Wilson. Robert Tilney, son of 
Stringer, settled in Millsboro. He first married 
Mary, daughter of Peter Jefferson. They had 
children, John Stringer, Robert P. and William V.- 
Married, second, Mary A. Baylis, and had one child, 
Mary A., who married Jacob Godwin. 

JoiIX S'IRI.NGKR Tll.NKV, eldest son of Robert 
and Mary (Jefferson) Tilney, was born in Millsboro, 
Sussex County, Delaware. At si.xleen years of age, 
after receiving an ordinar)' school education, he left 
home and went to Philadelphia, where he entered 
the house of Richardson vK; 0\ermaii. lie remainetl with them until the breaking out of the war, 
when he returned to Millsboro, Delaware, where he opened a country store. There he spent three 
years and again went to Phihuielphia, this time to engage in the wholesale and retail business. .\t 
the entl of two and one-half years he was obliged to relinquish business, owing to failing health. In 
Januar\-, 1S67, he came to New York City where he established the house of Tufts, Tilney & Co., No. 400 
Broadway. He sold out his interest in this firm in January, 1870, and in January, 1871, engaged in 







JOHN STRl.SCER TII.NEY. 



300 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 




the banking and brokerage business under the firm name of Merrill, Tilney & Co. He organized, in 
1876, the house of J. S. Tilney & Co., in the same line of business, continuing in it until 1S82, when 
he retired. 

Mr. Tilney first became a resident of East Orange in 1876, and with the exception of five years, has 
continued to reside in the Oranges. Mr. Tilney has an especial fondness for old and rare books, and 
for many years past he has been constantly on the alert, and has added to his collection from year to 
year. He has now one of the largest, best assorted and most complete private libraries in the country, 

comprising many rare and scarce editions. 
Mr. Tilney is domestic in his tastes and 
spends most of his time with his books 
and with liis faniilv. He lias been twice 
married. His first wife was Mary K. 
Garner, daughter of John H. ami Mary E. 
Garner, of Mobile, .Ala. .Mr. Garner was 
an extensive planter, anil at the same time 
was at the head of the firm of Garner, 
Williams & Co, which was well known 
throughout the South before the war. 
Mrs. Tilnej- died in October, 1876, leaving 
three children, Mary Garner, Harriet Jami- 
son and John .Stringer, Jr. For his second 
wife Mr. Tilney married Georgiana Esther, 
daughter of Israel Sheldon and his wife, 
Hairiet Wallace (Cooke) Sheldon. She 
was the daughter of Thomas and Esther 
(Wallace) Cooke, who was son of Thomas and .\nn ( Lechmere) Cooke. .\nii Lechmere was the 
daughter of Nicholas and Elizabeth (Gardiner) Lechmere, son of Thomas Lechmere. wlio married Ann 
Winthrop, only daughter of Major-General Wait Still Winthrop, son of (lov. John Winthrop, and 
grandson of Gov. Winthrop, of Massachusetts. This Thomas Lechmere was a survej'or of customs 
under the colonial government. He was a 
brother of Lord Lechmere, Chief of the Ex- 
chequer of England, and a native of Leaming- 
ton, England. " Tiie original family," says an 
old manuscript, "came from the Low Countries, 
served under William the Con(]ueror and 
obtained lands in Hanley, called from them 
Leciimere's Place, Lechmere I'^ield, and now 
Levern Lord." 

Thomas Cooke, referred to in the fore- 
going, w.is the son of Silas, son of John, son ot 
Capt. John, son of Cai)t. Thomas (2), son of 
Capt. Thomas (i), who came into the Plymouth 
Colony about 1635 and was one of the fift\- 
four persons who founded the town of Taunton, 
Mass. The family of Jolin S. Tilney and his 
wife consists of four children — Georgiana Shel- 
don, Israel Sheldon, Nicholas Lechmere and 
Robert Wallace. 



RKAR VIKU OF TII.NKY RKSIDENCE. 



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VIEW OF I.UIRARV, TILNEY KESIUENCE. 



WEST ORANGE lOWNSllIl 




1 1 1 . tow nslii[) ol West Oran|4c is the most westerly and nortlierly of all the Oranges. 
It was created by an act of the I.e<jislature, Marcii ii, 1862, when tlie township of 
[•'airmount was formed from portions of Orange, Caldwell and Livingston. In 1863 
the Legislature, in consequence of troubles which had arisen in regard to the public 
schools, set ofT another portion of Orange to the township of I-"airmount and changed 
the name of I""airmount to West Orange. The first division which separated the 
territory now know 11 as West Orange from Orange by act of the Legislature, March 
1 I, 1862, was as follows: 

" I. Bl", IT KN.\( I i;i> /')' till' Siiiiiti and (iiiiira/ .Issiinh/y of the State of Xcw 
Jcrscv, That all that part of the town of Orange and the townships of Caldwell and 
Livingston, contained within the following bounds, to wit: Heginning at the corner 
of Orange and Caldwell townships at the southeast corner of Caldwell township, thence along the 
Hloomfield and Caldwell line in a northerly direction thirty chains; thence in a direct line in a westerly 
direction to the county bridge, near the residence of Mrs. .S. E. Underbill ; thence farther, in a 
westerly direction, to the southeast corner of the lot of land known as the park lot on the Second 
Mountain, now owned by Alexander S. (iould; thence along the southern boundary of said park lot 
twenty chains; thence in a straight line in a southerly direction to the new county bridge over Canoe 
Brook, on the Swinefield Road, near the residence of Jacob Williams; thence farther, in a southerly 
direction, in a straight course to the township of Millburn, at a point sixty chains west from the mill 
known as Keenan's mill, being the corner of Orange, South Orange, Millburn and Livingston townships; 
thence in an easterly course along the line of the township of Millburn, to the aforesaid mill; tlience 
further, in an easterly direction, along the line of the township of South Orange, to the southeast 
corner of James E. Smith's land on the top of the Orange Mountain ; thence in a northerly direction in a 
straight line to the west side of the mouth of the road known as Perry Lane, near Columbus Meeker's 
house; thence along the westerly side of said Perry's Lane to its intersection with the Swinefield Road; 
thence in a straight line to the ])lacc of beginning, be and the same is hereby set off into a new town- 
ship, to be called the township of I''airniount. 

"2. And be it ciiactid. That the inhabitants of the township of I'"airmount are hereby constituted a 
body politic and corporate in law, and shall be styled and known by the name of 'the inhabitants of 
the township of l-'airmount. in the county of I'.ssex," and shall he entitlctl to all the rights, powers, 
authority and privileges and subject to the same laws, regulations, governments and liabilities as the 
inhabitants of the other townships in the said county of Essex are or may be entitled or subject to by 
the existing laws of this State. 

"V And he it enaeted,'X\\2.\. the inhabitants of the tow^nship of Fairmount shall hold their first 
town meeting at the West Orange school-house in the said township of I-'airmount, on the second 
Monday in April ensuing." 

CiiAN(;iN(; 1)1" Namk .\n1> Bound.xkiks. The second act of the State Legislature referred to, 
approved March 14, 1863, was as follows: 

•• I. Be it EXACTKI) by the Senate and General Assembly of the State 0/ .Veu- Jersey, That all that part 
of the town of Orange, in the said county of Essex, contained within the following bounds to wit: 
Beginning at a point twelve chains westerly from the northwest corner of the bridge near the late 



302 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

residence of iVlexander Sayrc, deceased, on the dividing line between Orange and IMoomfield, thence 
running in a straight line to l-"rancis Burnside's well ; thence south in a straight line to the southwest 
corner of the gas works, on White Street; thence up the westerly side of said White Street to the 
bridge; thence south in a straight line to the corner of the lands belonging to the heirs of Charles 
Lighthipe, deceased, and the heirs of Jacob A. Sharp, deceased, on the south side of Main Street; 
thence south in a straight line to the easterly line of Amos Stagg's lot; thence south in a straight line- 
to a brook in Joyce Street; thence along the line of said brook south to the north side of Freemantown 
Road; thence southwesterly along the line of said road to the county bridge near the school-house; 
thence south down the brook to the South Orange line ; thence west along the South Orange line to the 
southeast corner of I-'airmount ; thence along the line of the said township of Fairmount in its several 
courses to the Bloomfield line; thence along the Bloomfield line in its several courses to the place of 
beginning; be, and the same is hereby set off from the town of Orange, and annexed to and made a 
part of the township of Fairmount, in said county, to all mtents and purposes as if said territory had 
originally been a part of said township; and that the act entitled ''an act to create from parts of the 
town iif Orange and the townships of Caldwell and Livingston, in tlie said county of Essex, a new 
township to be called the township of I'airmount, ap]iroved March eleventh, Anno Domini eighteen 
hundretl and sixt\--two. shall have the same force and effect within the territory hereby annexed as 
thc\- have heretofore held, and now rightfully have within the original limits of said townshij). 

"2. .liid be it iiiactid. That the name of said township of Fairmount be and the same is hereby 
changed to West Orange." 

The present township is bounded on the east by the town of Montclair and the cit\- of Orange, on 
the south by South Orange and Milburn, on the west by Livingston and Caldwell, and on the north by 
Caldwell and Montclair. It embraces within its boundaries 4,621 acres of land, most of which is laid 
out in handsome building lots. In its limits are Llewellyn and Hutton Parks and the famous Eagle 
Rock. Two mountain langes cross the townships, running nearly parallel to each other from northeast 
to southwest. These are known respectively as the First and Second Mountains. The hulian name 
given the former was Wachung or Wachtschunk, meaning on the hill or at the mountain, or the hilly 
spot. The principal stream in the township is the west branch of the Rahway River. The township is 
noted for its fine streets and broad avenues, nearly all of which arc paved with Telford pavement, the 
stone being taken from the quarries on the mountain. 

The road now known as Northfield Avenue, which winds around the southern side of the mountain, 
w'as the first road over the mountain from Newark to Whippany, through Livingston, and was tlie 
route taken by the New York and Easton stage line. The old turn])ike, which was built and owned by 
a company chartered by the State Legislature, did not open the road at present known as Mount 
Pleasant A\enue until 1807, more than one hundred years after the old road had been in use. The 
Swinefield road, now Eagle Rock .\venue, has been in use a little more than one hundred years. The 
name originated, it is said, from the fact that a number of farmers about Tory Corners were in the habit, 
in the spring of every year, of driving large herds of swine by that route to the Passaic River, near 
what later became known as Swinefiekl Bridge, leaving them there to pasture through the summer. 

The earliest settlers on the side of the mountain within the present boundaries of West Orange 
before any roads leading thereto were constructed, were Anthony Olef, George Day antl Matthew 
Williams. The names of Nutman, Crane, Ball and Wall families are alsfc mentioned in the early records. 
The Cranes and Balls settled mostly in Cranetown, farther north on the side of the mountain. Anthony 
Olcff's homestead was in the present Llewellyn Park. George Day had surveyed to him, in 1685, sixty 
acres bounded with the mountain west, Matthew Williams south. Wigwam Brook east and the Common 
north. In 1688-9 George Day exchanged lands with Matthew Williams, the latter parting with his 
dwelling house, shop, other edifices and orchard and lands near Newark, and receiving two tracts at the 
mountain — one bounded east by Wigwam Brook and the other on Parrow's lirook. The lands near 
Eagle Rock so acquired were known to the later descendants as the David Day fields. 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 303 

The country west of Watchuiig (W'atscluink) or I'irst Mountain, in 1700, liad but a sparse popula- 
tion of Indians of the Delaware nation. These, it is said, removed to Canada about 1750. The first 
distinctive mention made of the lantls beyond W'atchung, or Orange Mountain, in connection witli local 
affairs, is found in the town records of Newark. An item under date of October 2, 1699, indicates that 
a Mr. Pierson (Samuel, son of Thomas, Sr.) and Ensign Johnson were appointed a committee by the 
tiiun anthnritics to negotiate the purchase of the ''tract lying westward of our bounds to the Passaic 
River." The parties did not at this time, however, succeed in actpiiring a grant or deed from the 
proprietors. Among the earliest settlers between the First and Second Mountains were Samuel Pierson, 
whose home was on the line of the Northfield Road, where he settled, probably, before 1719, and 
Samuel Conilit. who, about the year 1720. purchased land in what is now known as Pleasant Valley. 
Hefore the close of the last century the valle\- was cleared and divided up into farms of fifty to one 
lunulred acres. These were accessible by the two roads referred to— one, the Northfield Road leading 
to Morristown through Northfield and a little to the north of Madison, and the other through Hanover 
to the same place; these were the main thoroughfares to Morris County. The northern of the two 
roads — Mt. Pleasant Turnpike — was incorporated in 1806. A middle road, known by the oldest inhabit- 
ants as the "old road," connected the valley with Perry's Lane, now Prospect A\'enue. From the 
point of intersection of this road with Perry's Lane a path led over the mountain and down the same 
to Orange, intersecting the Northfield Road a few yards above the turn known as "blue bird corner." 
This path was called the Christian's Path, as it was the most direct approach to Orange for those who 
came on foot to attend divine service at the old First Church. Stephen D. Day's infantry company, 
organized in the War of 1812, was largely composed of residents of the second valley. Along this path 
Capt. Day took his men to their accustomed place of drill on the common, in Orange, where they were 
joined by other residents of the township. As they passed through the narrow defile of the 
Christian's Path they improved it by making steps in the more precipitous parts of the rock, affording a 

more easy passage. 

TOWNSHIP GOVERNMENT. 

The first meeting of the Township Committee of the township of Fairmount was held July 15, 
1862, in the West Orange school-house and organized by the election of .Ambrose Condit as chairman. 
Several meetings were held during the year and considerable business transacted. The first meeting of 
the Township Committee for the township of West Orange was held in the early part of April. 18^)3. 
and on the 25th of the same month the committee met and appointed overseers of roads for the four 
road districts as follows: First district. Jeptha H. I.indsley ; second district, Ira Harrison; third district. 
John Gramies; fourth district, Lawrence Koclier. The township was divided into districts as follows: 
By Mount Pleasant Turnpike and Main Street running east and west; by the former lines between 
Orange and Fairmount running north and south. At a meeting of the Township Committee held 
April 18, 1864, it was ordered that the Poor Farm owned in conjunction with Orange, or so much of it 
as was owned by West Orange, be sold for three hundred dollars per acre. 

Among those who have filled the position of chairman of the Township Committee are: Simeon 
Harrison, 1863, 1870; Davis CoUamore, 1868; Samuel O. RoUinson, 1875, 1S77 79; James W. Field, 
1864-5-6-7; E. Condit, 1869; D. M. Babcock, 1871-2; Egbert Starr, 1873; George Lethbridge, 1874; 
Jabez H. Hagard, 1876, 1883; Alfred G. Atkins, 1882. The members of the Township Committee for 
1896 are: Carl Fentzlaff, John Reid, George S. Dodd, Abraham S. Overmiller, Levi Van Buskirk. 1 he 
present Assessor is Frank O'Connor; Collector of Ta.xes, William N. Williams; Township Clerk, 
Cornelius Sexton; Justices of the Peace, Edmund Condit and Elijah D. Burnett; Overseer of the 
Poor. Philip Kenneal\-; Road Commissioner, Henry Miller. 

EDUCATIONAL. 

The growth of the public school system in West Orange has been slow, owing to the fact that the 
beneficiaries of this system were few in number. The scattered district schools have been in existence 



304 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

from the time of the earliest settlement along the mountain and in the \alley be\-ond. The reminis- 
cences of John C. Williams, in the History of Essex and Hudson Counties, contain the following in 
reference to one of the old time school-houses: "In the centre of the triangle formed b}' the junction 
of Washington Street, Valley and Kagle Rock Roads, stood the Tory Corner school-house, a one-story 
box without porch, lobby or closet, about twenty by thirty feet on the ground, with eight feet posts, 
weather boarded and ceiled with poplar boards, a hole in one corner to shove a boy through in case it 
took fire between ceiling and roof, a brick chimney in the centre resting on the ceiling beams, a cast 
iron box stove with straight pipe directly underneath, a door in the southern gable, no paint outside or 
in, a few loads of tan bark banked around the base to keep out the wintry winds, etc." Corporal 
punishment was the rule in those days for unruly boys, and the cherry ruler formed a part of the 
"working tools" of the [irofessional teacher. One of the early teachers remembered b\' the past 
generation was Shaler Justin Hillycr, who taught in West Or.inge from about 1821 to 1827. The old 
district school system continued in force until Jul\-, 1894, when new laws were enacted providing for 
a Board of Education in all townshi[js. There are now six well conducted schools in West < )range, all 
under the management of a Board of Education. These are numbered and classified as follows: 

No. I. Si'. Mark's Scikxh., located on X'alley Road, near the entrance to Llewellyn I'ark. The 
original hiiiKling of brown stone and trap rock was erected in 1S65, at a cost of about §12, COO. A brick 
addition was built at a later period, costing about S20,ooo. It has a seating capacity of about 470 and 
the average attendance is about 400. It contains nine rooms besides a recitation room. It is a graded 
school and is full\- equippetl for the higher branches of education. The principal, Mr. Edward D. 
McCollum, A. M., who is also superintendent of the schools of West Orange, is a man of large experi- 
ence, good judgment and well fitted for the position. He has ten assistants, including the vice- 
principal, Miss Lilian J. I""ield. 

No. 2 Till-: Vam.KV Scihxu,. This is located on Valley Road, near Mitchell Street. It is a 
substantial frame building, erected about 1878. There has been a gradual increase in the attendance, 
necessitating an addition in 1886, doubling the seating capacit}', so that it will now accommodate about 
200 pupils. The value of the property is about S'o.ooo. The average attendance is 140. Miss Rose 
Helen Fay is principal, with three female assistants. 

No. 3. W ASiiiNcroN" Si'llmii,. This is an old school district and the former buildings were frame. 
The frame school-house erected 1)\- Aaron Hmr Harrison many years ago was subsequent!)- moved and 
converted into a stable ami is located in the rear of the homestead of his two daughters. The present 
brick edifice which stands on the corner of Washington Street and Eagle Rock Avenue was begun in 
1894 and completed and occupied in I'Ybruary, 1 895. The princijial is Miss Alice Burroughs, who has 
three female assistants. The seating capacity is about 225 and the average attendance 190. Owing to 
the growth of the population in that vicinity, it became necessary to add a kindergarten with one 
teacher and about 40 pupils, occupying the hall over the class rooms. 

No. 4. Pl.KASANT Uai.K ScilDdi.. This is located on Eagle Rock Road in the valley beyond 
Eagle Rock. The school district is one of the oldest in West Orange. There is a good frame building 
which was erected about iS7oatacost of §1,800. In 1895 the building was raised and abasement 
fitted up so as to provide the children with a play-room in stormy weather. The total cost of the lot 
and building is about $2,500. It has a .seating capacity of about 100 and the average attentlancc is 60. 
Miss Martha L. (iillman is principal and has one female assistant. It is a graded school. 

No. 5. Mnrsr Pi. HASAN r SclKiiil,, located on Mt. Pleasant Avenue in the valley, near the old 
homestead of "Stjuire" Williams. This is a frame building with accommochitions for about 75 pupils, 
taught by Miss Anna L. I'airley. 

No. 6. Si. Cl.iUU) Sciiooi., located on Swamp Road, between the l-~irst and .Second Mountains, 
near Northfield .\ venue. This, a frame building, was erected about 1886 to accommodate the growing 
population of this neighborhood, composed mostly of laboring and farming people. It has a seating 
capacity of 100, with an average attendance of 70. It is a graded school, in charge of Miss Mae Welsh, 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 305 

principal, and one female assistant. The present members of tlie Hoard of Eiiucation are: George R. 
Stagg, President; John J. Kenney, Clerk; Wendell P. Garrison, Alfred R. Kimball, Jotham S. I'ierson. 
James A. McGlynn, Orville E. Freeman, Charles R. Wilmont, Thomas S. Drummond. 

Gi:()R(;i; Ranixh.I'H Stacc. Probably no one man has done more to advance the cause of educa- 
tion in West Orange than Mr. Stagg. Under the old district school system he worked for more than 
twenty years to secure the best advantages possible for children that were dependent on the public 
schools for their education, and when the new compulsory law was passed requiring all townships in the 
State to be placetl under the control of a Board of ICducation, Mr. Stagg was elected tlie first President 
of the Board of Education of West Orange, and still holds that position. He is a prominent factor in 
politics and in November, 1S94, was elected to represent his township as a member of Essex County 
Board of Freeholders. Mr. Stagg is a native of Orange and was educated at the public schools. He 
learned the sash and bliml trade and afterwards entered the employ of McCullough, Barry & Co., as 
book-keeper, later with Cummings, Barry & Co., and their successors, Cummings, Matthews & Barry. 
He has held the same position with John J. I'errine since 1893. He is a Past Grand of Live Oak Lodge, 
L O. O. v.. Regent of Hillside Council, No. 1329, R. A. He married Emma Augustus Veeder. 

Amos Alonzo Stagg, a brother of George R., was born in Orange, August 16, 1862. He graduated 
at Orange High School, later at Exeter, N. H., Academy, and at Yale College in 1888. He was one of 
the noted athletes of Yale and graduated from there with high honors. He afterwards became 
connected with the School of Christian Workers, at Springfield, Mass. When the new Chicago Univer- 
sity was opened he was appointed to the cliair of Moral and PIn-sical Culture and still holds that 
position. 

George R.and Amos A. Stagg were the sons of Amos L., who married Eunice Pierson, a descendant 
of Thomas. He was the son of Jacob Stagg, who married Sarah Tompkins. This Jacob was probably 
a grandson of John Stagg, Jr. (son of John, the ancestor), born in New York Cit\-, 1732; a man of 
wealth and influence who owned several houses in the city which were burned during the occupancy of 
the city by the British in the Re\olutionary War. He removed to Orange County, N. Y., and repre- 
sented his district in the Assembly, and after his return to New York was again elected to the Assembly. 
He was a member of the General Societ\' of Mechanics and Tradesmen, and was President of the F"ire 
Department of which he was one of the most active founders. He was an ardent patriot during the 
war and a man of much influence in the civil affairs. He died of yellow fever in 1803. He was twice 
married, his first wife being Rachael Conklin ; his second, Anneke Stoutenborough. By his first wife he 
had Abraham and John; b}- his second, he had Isaac, Henr\-. Ann, Abraham, Peter, Nellie, Phebe 

Wood, Benjamin and Philip. 

CHALYBEATE SPRING. 

The healthfulness and natural beauty of Orange Mountain was first brought to the attention of 
the outside world by the discovery, in 1820, of the Chalybeate .Spring on the eastern slope of the 
mountain, within the enclosure now known as Hutton Park. A correspondent of one of the New York 
papers, under date of June 7, 1854, says: 

" Near the centre of the town is situated the Orange Mineral Spring — one of the most fashionable 
places of resort in the United States. L'p to 1834, Orange was the great American Saratoga. The 
grounds in the neighborhood of the Springs still present their original features. There is every descrip- 
tion of scenerj- — hill and dale, lake and stream, gardens, walks among the hills, etc., to make it attractive. 
The old woodland retreats and meandering paths are still visible. The orchestra, where the band once 
performed, stands, but in a neglected state. The property is now owned by two wealthy individuals 
doing business in New York. * * * Strangers of becoming mien are permitted to wander among 
the old haunts of a by-gone period, where the uorkl of fashion moved in a galaxy of light and beauty 
during the summer months, shut out as it were from the cares and perplexities of business. These ex- 
tensive grounds seemed desolate and forsaken — the /I'/f of other da\-s was wanting to gladden the land- 
scape and give effect to the picture. Pausing to reflect upon the past, and compare it witli the [iresent. 



^o6 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges 



the mind is incontinently led into a dream\-. pensi\-e state. Here stood magnificent hotels, the resort 
of the ' upper tendom,' where feasting and merriment was the order of the day, and where music, with 
its ' voluptuous swell," sounded among the woods, and was carried away upon the balm\- air of a sum- 
mer evening, animating and cheering the hearts of thousands. The place is now deserted — seldom 
visited even by 'straggling feet.' It has become private property, and, of course, is sacred, forbidden 
ground to the world at large. What a pity such a beautiful place could not be revived. The present 
generation of New ^'ork must be unconscious of the attractions of Orange, or they would never suffer 
this famous watering [)lace to go to decay — we mean the pleasure grounds. Saratoga, xcithout Iter 
iiiiiural springs, is not to be compared n.,.'ith it." 

This property is a part of Nathaniel Wheeler's farm, one of the first settlers at the Mountain. 
The road leading to this property was one of the first laid out in the county. Book A, of Esse.\ County 




CHALYBEATE SPRING, BUTTON PARK. 



Roads, contains the following reference to the " Highways and Roads laiil out by tiic Commissioners of 
Newark, in the County of Esse.x, 8th October, 1705": '' First, a Road from Town to the foot of the 
Mountains, or Wheeler's, as the path now runs, as straight as the Ground will allow." On the old maps 
this is described as the "Crane road," which began at the head of Market Street, in Newark, continuing 
through Orange to Nathaniel Wheeler's, "at the foot of the Mountain." 

The portion of the farm referred to, passed to Samuel, son of Nathaniel Wheeler, who died in 
1762, and is described as 'apart of the homestead of Samuel Wheeler, deceased." This .Samuel be- 
queathed it to his daughter, Sarah, wife of Nathaniel Lindsley, and to Sarah Wheeler, daughter of his 
son, Samuel Wheeler. Sarah Wheeler married Joel Condit, and it afterwards became known as the 
Condit property. In 1805, Joel Condit and Sarah, his wife, conveyed seventeen acres to their son, 
"John Ci>ndit, Esq.," "except the privileges granted to Moses Condit and others, for the use of an aque- 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 30; 

duct in Orange." lie conveyed to his son. Joseph Condit, Jr., certain portions of the projjerty, "except- 
ing and reserving from the same, the equal one-half part of the mill, mill-seat, dams, races, and privileges 
belonging thereto." 

The mill property referred to was a grist mill, run for several years by the Condits, but abandoned 
some time before the discovery of the mineral sjjring, and, in 1833, the mill was purchased by David 
Tompkins and converted into a dwelling-house. This stood on the present site of the Heckscher 
billiard-room. The discoloration of the water, as it flowed over the raceway, indicating a deposit of 
iron and sulphur, had often been observed, and, in the early part of 1820 a spring was opened, which 
fully confirmed the belief that it contained valuable mineral properties. An analysis was made by a 
New York chemist, and the news of the discovery spread far and wide. Mr. Levi Lighthipe (still living, 
1896,) remembers seeing the first shovelful of earth taken out of the spring. 

Shortly after the discovery of this spring, a correspondent of the Xt-wark Ciiitiml, under date of 
August 29, 1820, writes: " Not long since notice was taken in your paper of a newly discovered mineral 
spring, at a place called Williamsville, situated in the north part of the village of Orange; more recently 
a discovery has been made of another spring on the land of Joseph Condit, Jr., about a mile and a 
quarter southwest of the one at Williamsville. It is situated in a valley of some depth, on the east 
side of the first, or what is more generally called ' Newark Mountain.' 

"The water nf this spring, which is now called, for distinction's sake, Condit's Spring, is thought 
to be highly impregnated with mineral and medicinal qualities. No thorough or complete analysis of it 
has yet taken place, I believe, but from partial experiments made by Dr. McNevin, of the city of New 
York, and Mr. Clinton, of this county, there is no doubt it is highly chalybeate, and that its properties 
are ver\- similar to those of tlie celebrateil springs at Schooley's Mountain. In a short time it is ex- 
pected the public will be gratified with the results of thorough ex])eriment made ujjon it by both of the 
scientific gentlemen above mentioned; and should it prove as favorable as now conjectured, I entertain 
no doubt that the resort to it for health and pleasure will equal that of any other chalybeate spring in 
the United States. The date of its disco\ery is not more than a fortnight since, and so great is the 
celebrity it has already acquired, that the number of visitors have, on some days, exceeded five hundred. 
All, as far as I have heard, express themselves highly gratified with their visits. Not only to the water 
does their approbation extend, but the wild, romantic and picturesque scener)- which nature has thrown 
around it, is the subject of much praise and admiration. Indeed, it is worth visiting, if it were only to 
enjoy the romantic beauties of the place; but, when added to this, you are enabled to drink freely of 
the water, calculated to give strength and tonic to the enfeebled and debilitated system, no wonder it 
has so soon become a place of fashionable resort " 

The same paper, of September 20, contains the following from another correspondent: "The 
discovery of the mineral spring at Orange has e.xcited the greatest attention, and whatever virtue is 
possessed by its waters, it would be wonderful if all who resort thither were healed of their diseases. 
That it has proved beneficial to many, there remains but little doubt, while hundreds repair to the place, 
drink its waters and return with no other benefit than is derived from the gratification of the ride and a 
view of the romantic scencr)' around the spring." This correspondent complains that the Sunday traffic 
interferes with "Divine worship," and sa\-s that "the street, morning and evening, is thronged with 
chairs, waggons and stages from this town (Newark), who go about through the streets of the town 
and gather up their passengers, as on week days, disturbing the quietness of the day." 

The same paper, under date of May 6, 1821, says: "We understand Mr. Joseph Condit has 
disposed of his farm and mineral spring to a gentleman, late a resident of tlie city of New York. The 
growing celebrity of the water and the prospect of its becoming a place of general resort of invalids, 
as well as others who need recreation during the relaxing months of summer, has induced the present 
owners to undertake ample accommodations for \ isitors, and to improve by art the charming natural 
sceneries of the place. In addition to a regular boarding-house, places for bathing and shower baths 
are to be erected as a still further means of promoting health. 



3o8 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

"Tlie committee appointed by the Essex District Medical Society to inquire into the chemical and 
medical qualities of the Orange spring water in their report state that ' the water flows copiously ; its 
temperature during the hottest season was 62 degrees Fahrenheit, and during the winter it was observed 
to maintain its fluidity twenty rods. The water contains a rich proportion of iron, with some magnesia, 
as our limited experiment has tested, and which is fully ascertained by the more extended and accurate 
experiments of Mr. George Chelton, whose analysis, we beg leave to state, is most worthy of attention. 
He estimated the waters to contain per gallon : Of carbonated iron, 3.3 gr., between 4 and 5 grs. of 
sulphur, and the different salts of magnesia, lime, soda in various and undetermined proportions." " 

The following advertisement appeared in the Ciiitincl o{ March 18, 182 1 : 

Mineral Spring Stage. 

The subscriber respectfully informs his friends and the public in general that he will, for their better accommodation and 
convenience, start his stage from Newark to the Spring at Orange on the first day of April and continue at the Spring half an 
hour and then return, every day in the week, weather permitting, and on Sundays at six o'clock in the morning. For seats 
apply at the house of Stephen Roff, Inkeeper, or of the subscriber in Bank Street. Price of fare to and from the spring, 
twenty-five cents if taken from the stage-house, or an extra price if called for at their own houses. Should encouragement 
offer, the stage will be run in the afternoon, at 3 o'clock. 

Newark, N. J.. March 3, 1821. THOM.XS THOMPSON. 

The discovery of this spring, and the e.xciteinent occasioned by it, awakened the "spring fever," 
and searches began in other directions for t lie " healing waters," with gratifying results. The Xci^-ark 
Ccntiml, of June 12, 1821, contained the following: 

"The discovery of the Mineral Spring on the premises of Mr. J. Condit, at Orange, has for soine 
months past excited a considerable degree of interest, and has been the subject of frequent communica- 
tions in the public prints. It will doubtless be recollected that early last season notice was given of the 
discovery of a Mineral Spring at VVilliamsville, in the township of Orange, and about a mile distant from 
the Condit .Spring. An analysis of the water of Mr. Williams' Spring has at length been made, and 
suitable buildings for bathing, and for the accommodation of visitors, have been provided. 

" Persons desirous of using the waters can be accommodated with board in private families in the 
immediate vicinit\- of the spring. * * * The difference in the medical virtues of these two springs 
— their eligible and health)- situations, and their contiguity to each other, while they present to the 
valetudinarian a nmre certain prospect of relief, cannot fail mutually to conspire to render the neighbor- 
hood of the location one of the most important and fashionable watering places in the country, as it is 
confidently believed that two springs, so highly impregnated with valuable mineral substances, and so 
contiguous to each other, are not to be found in this or any other country." 

According to the analysis made, " the water seems to possess the essential character of a tolerably 
pure chalybeate. The iron is held in solution by carbolic acid, while it is entirely free frorri gypsum, and 
contains the other earthly salts in minute proportion. The ten gallons yielded : Carbonated ox}-d of 
iron, 40 grains; carbonate of lime, 5 grains; carbonate of magnesia, 6 grains. On the comparative value 
of the Orange Springs, little can be said that can give a preference to either. Their difference adapts 
them to the different complaints." 

The above described spring was on the property of John Williams, at Torj' Corner, who kept a 
hotel on the place, now owned and occupied by Max Brodesser. The spring was in a ravine near the 
roadside, a short distance from the raceway. The sycamore trees which surrounded it still mark tlie 
spot, although the spring is entirely filled up. The Condit Spring was run for some months by John 
Condit (known as " Miller John," because of his former connection with the grist mill), who kept a 
hotel in what was then known as the "Blue House," now occupied by Mrs. Van Rensselaer, located 
just outside the entrance. 

On April 28, 1821, Joseph Condit and his wife conveyed to James Wadsworth, fifteen acres, which 
embraced the lot recently owneil by Mrs. Georgiana Heckscher, on the east side, and also a part of the 
lane leading to the Northfield Road. Shortly after this it became known as the "Orange Mineral 



The Founders and Builders of thk Oranges. 309 

Spring Farm." A company was organized in tlic autumn of 1S21, known as the "Orange Spring Com- 
pany," and on Ucccmber 6tli, James VVadswortli and iiis wife conveyed to Ira Munn, Allen Doild and 
Isaac Pierson, (grandfather of the present Dr. I'ierson 1, the fifteen acres, which tlie\- mortgaged for 
87,000. The price jjaid for the property was jirobabiy much larger. 

In 1822 a hotel was erected by this compan\', which was known as the "Orange .Spring Hotel," 
and later as the "Mansion House" — the same building now occupied by the Essex County Country 
Club. The great yellow fever epidemic in 1S23, which caused an entire suspension of business in New 
\'ork City, brought hundreds of visitors to Orange, and the hotel was filled to its utmost capacity. 
The medicinal virtues of the Orange spring thus became extensively known, and Orange became the great 
resort of the wealth and fashion from every part of the country. Private houses, as well as the hotels, 
were filled, and numbers of applicants from e\ery jjart of the country were turned away, unable to 
obtain accommodations in the vicinity. 

A correspondent of the A'tTiwrX- Ccntincl says of these springs, under date of August 12, 1823: 
"This delightful retreat from the piercing beam of a midsummer sun continues to be the resort of not 
only those who wish to re[)air a debilitated constitution, but those also who seek rela.xation from 
business and the turmoil of a city residence. The excellence of these waters has been tested by past 
experience and their medicinal (pialities are still rising in the public estimation. Is it a matter of 
wonder, then, that the young and the old, the rich and the gay, the merchant and the mechanic, the 
healthy and the diseased, shouki steal away to this reviving fount to partake of the beverage of its 
waters, to meander in nature's delightful bower, or to participate in the hosjiitality and rich dainties at 
the Mansion Hotel. 

" To lend a sweeter zest to nature's charms, 
Hfhold ! with pleasantry a MUNN in arms; 
His mansion, proudly rising to our sight. 
Yields all the wish of plenty and delight." 

The hotel was run successfully for several years by ha Muini. ( )tlicr watering-places — notably 
Saratoga — had, in the meantime, achieved a reputation, and the patronage of the Orange springs 
gradually fell off. On Ajjril 6. 1S28, Isaac Pierson, Ira Munn and Allen Dodd conveyed the fifteen 
acres "commonly called and known by the name of 'The Orange Mineral Spring Farm," unto Luther 
Goble, Ichabod Condit and Charles F. Shipman, as joint tenants in trust, nevertheless, to and for the 
use, benefit and behoof of the persons or associates composing the 'Orange Spring Company,' and to 
such other persons as shall become original associates in said company, their heirs and assigns in 
proportion, according to the .several interests of such as.sociate in the said company, etc." * * ■* 

At this or a later p<^riod it was abandoned as a hotel and opened as a military institute, by a man 
named Ransom. The school did not prove a financial success, and was closed at the end of two years. 
Not long after this the place was again opened as a hotel, under the management of one Capt. Gillespie, 
and became known as the Mansion House. Its former prestige was, in a measure, restored, many new 
attractions being added — among these a brass band, which gave daily concerts in the summer-house by 
the spring; balls and parties and other scenes of gaiety and amusement were of frequent occurrence. 
At what period and for wliat cause it was finally discontinued by Capt. Gillespie, is not known. He 
was succeeded by a man named Thomas, who ran it as a hotel until adverse circumstances compelled 
him to close. 

The reputation of the Orange Mountains as a health resort had thus become extensively known, 
and in 1835-6, speculation in real estate began ; the farms were divided into building plots, the property 
was advertised at fabulous prices, and holders realized immense fortunes — on paper. The great panic of 
1837 came, the real estate bubble burst, and prospective fortunes were suddenly swept away. The 
Orange Mineral Spring, the Mansion House, with all the surroundings, were closed to the public. So 
great was the financial depression In this locality thiit people declared that a hundred years would 



3IO The FouNnERs and Builders of the Oranges. 

elapse before Orange would be restored to its former prosperity. The panic, however, proved a 
"blessing in disguise." Like an immense tidal wave, or a consuming fire, it swept away old ideas and 
business enterprises and prepared the way for a new era of prosperity. 

While Orange ceased to exist as a place of fashionable summer resort, it never lost its reputation as 
a health resort, and pri\ate indixiduals wore quick to perceive its future possibilities as a place of subur- 
ban residence. 

The old "Blue House" at the entrance nf Hutton Park, now occupied by Mrs. \'an Rensselaer, 
was sold in 1833 to St. Mark's Church, and was used for some years as a parsonage. 

In 1S39, a portion of the original fifteen acres was sold to Alphonse Laubat, a Frenchman, who con- 
verted the Mansion House into a pri\ate ihvcUing. In 1842. Andre PiUot, a wealthy conntrxman of 
his, bought the ])lace, which he enlarged from time to time by additional purchases, amounting in all to 
one hundred and forty acres, extending as far west as Perry Lane, which included the propert\- now 
covered by some of the finest residences on the Mountain, among which is the one formerly owned by 
General George B. McClellan. 

For many years the Pillot place was the great attraction of visitors to Orange. Its well-kept lawns, 
its graveled walks and drives, its beautiful lakes and tasteful groves, gave it the appearance of an elegant 
French country seat. In 187c, owing to the financial reverses of Mr. Pillot, the property was sold, and 
Mr. Benjamin H. Ilutton, of New York, became the purchaser. He made some additions and improve- 
ments and called it Ilutton Park, b}- which name it has since been known. On the death of Mr. Hutton 
the property passed to his children. 

The mineral spring, hotel and other improvements were all located within the enclosure of what is 
now known as Hutton Park, at present occupied b\- the Essex County Country Club. Art has done 
comparatively little, but nature has done far more to make this location attractive than that of 
Llewellyn Park. 

The billiard-house at the foot of the knoll stands on the site of the old grist mill, erected by Colonel 
John Condit, which was afterwards purchased and converted into a dwelling by David Tompkins. 

riu- property remained in the hands of the Heckscher heirs until 1891, when it was purchased by 
Mr. W'ilmerdiiig (who married a daughter of Mr. Heckscher), who has since made many improvements 
within and without. 

BE.'VU SeJOUR — "Beautiful Site." — Just outside the entrance to, and adjoining Hutton Park, 
stands the noble mansion erected by Charles A. Heckscher, more than half a century ago, which he 
named Beau Sejour; and a more beautiful site could not have been selected on the side of the Moun- 
tain. The house stands on a high knoll, affording a magnificent view of the surrounding country. It 
was modeled after an old German villa — princely in style — indicating the character of its owner, a man 
of princely generositw In laying out his grounds, he gathered the choicest trees, plants, flowers, etc., 
from near and from far. The two beautiful trees in front — the pctonia impcrialis — were imported from 
Germany ; the bo.x which adorns the garden, from the famous nurseries of Long Island ; the orange and 
lemon trees, from the sunny South ; the maple, spruce, elm, linden, larch, tulip, hemlock, fir and dog- 
wood trees, from various parts of the North ; all of the latter have grown to an immense height, having 
the appearance of forest trees. The large conservatories are filled with a great \ariet)' of grapes, the 
product of original cuttings from England, Germany and France. Among the flowers is a lu.xuriant 
Marcchal Neil rose of half a century growth. Other varieties of flowers set out by the old German 
gartlener are still iloing excellent service. 

LLEWELLYN PARK AND ITS RESIDENTS. 

The founder of Llewellyn Park builded better than he knew. Nature pro\ ided him with unlimited 
resources, and these he utilized to the best advantage. Endowed with a keen love of nature and a 
lemarkablj' acute perception, he saw at a glance the beauties and possibilities of the forests and glades 
of the mountainside, to make up one of the most beautiful parks that is to be found in the vicinity of 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



3»« 



New York. He imrcliascd from the various owners their woodcil tracts, rugged quarries and rolling 
farm lands, amounting in all to nearly eight hundred acres, which he proceeded to lay out in winding 
roads, rustic rambles, cascades, lakes, flower gardens, lawns and attractive villa sites, the whole forming 
one grand landscape garden of rare poetic beauty. The praises of Llewellyn Park have been spoken in 
foreign lands by travelers who have visited the famous |)laccs in the ()k\ World and the New, ami it is 
universally conceded to be a most remarkable example of cultivated natural beauty. 

In the "sere and yellow leaf" of departing autumn, or when urajiped in the icy folds of winter, 
covered with its mantle of snow, it is still beautiful ; but in the s])ring and autumn, when nature is 
robed in her Knelicst attire, when the balmy breezes come laden with purest odors from the mountain- 
top ami hillside and glen, when the rip])ling streams having broken from their winter fastnesses, wander 
through green meadows or tumble in miniature cascades ik)wn gentle acclivities into sunny jiools, when 
the feathered songsters, dri\eii l5_\- stern winter's blast to summer climes, return, and 

" Woods their welcome ring," 

when the kine are grazing and low ing in the green pastures, a stroll from the busy, bustling world to 
contemplate and enjoy these harmonies of nature, is something that can never be effaced from the 
appreciative mind. 

From the \arious points of 
the Park, and the magnificent 
building sites everywhere sur- 
rounding it, may be distinctly 
seen, with the naked eye, the 
whole of Orange, Newark, East 
Bloomfield, Newark Bay, Staten 
Island, Jersey City, New ^'ork 
City, the Bay, the Narrows, the 
Passaic and Hackensack Ri\ers, 
a portion of Long Island; anil 
an uninterrupted prospect 
breaks upon the vision in some 
directions of nearly one hundred 
miles in extent. The Park con- 
tains hills, dales and glens, 
springs and streams, magnificent 
forest trees, innumerable orna- 
mental trees, bushes, vines and 

flowers, stone and rustic bridges, , s , k > i i ■. , , \ . 

etc. 

The entrance to the Park on Valley Road is three hundretl feet wide, enclosed by a hedge of 
evergreens, curved two hundred feet back to the entrance gate, where stands the artistic and picturesque 
Porter's Lodge. About three hundred feet from the entrance is 67)7/ /r"//)-//, containing a dense mass of 
noble forest trees— of oaks, birches, tulips, chestnuts, entwined by the delicate and beautiful dogwood. 
Here a rapid-running brook winds beneath the steep acclivity on cither side, which rises fifty feet above 
its bed. the sides of which are studded with lofty tulips, hickories, maples, hornbeams, black and white 
beeches, flowering shrubs, azclias and wild flowers. Here nature is to be seen in its grandeur- the huge 
rocks, the mighty trees, the dense foliage, the deep shade, the solemn stillness of the forest spirit is about 
you. The scene is impressive, grand and awe inspiring. 

Park Way is a noble avenue of easy ascent, which intersects Glen Avenue, at which point a beauti- 
ful view towards the east is had. Further up Park Way is a striking group of hickories and oaks. 




312 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



From tin's point may be seen, with remarkable effect, the great twin tulip trees, o\er one hundred feet 
high, on Tulip avenue, the southern boundary of the I'ark and one of the finest drives upon it. Beyond 
is Oak Bend, appropriately named from a beautiful white oak left standing alone in the principal curve 
in the carriage-way. Here is a stone bridge erected from freestone, which is obtained in abundance 
from tiie quarries of this material on the Park grounds. 

On reaching the northern end of the Park, the passage up Mountain Avenue leads through the 

private grounds known 
as Undercliffe, to Eagle 
Rock, the view from 
which is probably unsur- 
passed by any (ither 
place in the country. 
Proceeding along Moun- 
tain .\\cnuc and des- 
cending the slope, an 
ascent is made to the top 
i)f the Kiosk by a wind- 
ing stair-case. This por- 
tion of the Park, to the 
top of the ninuntain is 
called The Rocks. Ac- 
cess may be had to the 
top of the clifT by clam- 
bering ()\er the rocks. 
From this point the \'iew 
is second only to that 
of I-^agle Rock. An al- 
most unbounded ex- 
])anse of forests, groves, 
lakes, hills, cultivated 
fields, cities, towns, 
hamlets. ri\ers. bays, 
and even a glimpse of the ocean, are spread out in vast and indescribable beauty. At the south are 
the Na\esink Hills; toward the north are to to be seen the Hook Mountain, at Xyack, o\erlooking the 
beautiful T.ippan Zee, the Haverstraw Peak and the Highlands, with Long Island, Staten Island and 
the Atlantic in the east. Beneath and around 

" Here, scattered wild, the lily of the vale 
Its balmy essence breathes; here cowslips hang 
Their dewy heads, and purple violets lurk 
With .dl the lowly childnn of the shade." 

There is no sameness in the I'ark, either in its architecture, its laiul:;cape gardening, or its views. 
The roads are smooth and perfectly kept, and nearly all of them are paved with Telford. These ave- 
nues carry out the romance of the place in their names, as, for example: Mountain Avenue, Wildwood 
Avenue, Glen .Avenue, Oak Bend. Hloomfield Way, Winding Way, Forest Way, Honeysuckle Avenue, 
etc. Many of the old monarchs of the forest still remain, while those of more recent growth rear their 
stately forms in striking contrast to those natives of the forest, while the numerous evergreens, scattered 
here and there, give the appearance of perpetual summer. Every variety of shrubs and flowers add a 
bright coloring and go still fm ther to enhance the beauty of the landscape. 




I LI. 11' A\I..NU1, AND I'ARK WAV. 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 313 

Reference lias already been made to the chief point of attraction for visitors, viz.: Kagle Rock. 
Lon<,' before Llewellyn Tark was thoiijjht of. it was a noted place of vantage for obtaining a view of the 
surroiindiny country. It stands on the hi^diest summit of the I'irst Mountain, a short distance above 
the Eagle Rock Avenue gate of the I'ark. l-"rom its summit may be seen the Oranges, Clinton, Newark, 
Elizabeth. Xcw.nk Hay, the Kills. .Staten Islaiul, the Narrows, New York Hay, Jersey City, New York 
and the Ikooklyn Hridgc. In another direction can be seen Bloomfield, Mr)ntclair and I'atcrson. 
Tradition says that the Rock derives its name from the fact that while the country was still inhabited 
by the red man, two eagles built their nest in one of the lofty trees on the top. This favorite spot is 
now accessible by trolley cars running in almost every direction between Newark and Orange Mountain. 

The originality, novelty and boldness of the conception to furnish a park for the exclusive use and 
benefit of a whole community of New York citizen.s, where, by the terms of sale, they may forever enjoy 
the blessings resulting from such an arrangement, does lasting credit to the heart and hand of the pro- 
jector. The I'ark belongs to the people who live in it, but the large-hearted and liberal-minded man who 
founded it, always while he controlled it, insisted that it should be open, under proper restrictions, to 
to the public at all times, except on Siiiulays, and this policy has ever since been maintained. 

Mr. Haskell's purchase of land for the Park, included a part of the Anthony Oliff (or Olefi farm, 
the first settler on the Mountain, 1678, his homestead being a few feet north of the stone bridge, where 
Tulip .Avenue intersects Oak Hend. The boundaries of Llewellyn Park embrace a tract of land lying be- 
tween X'alley Road, Mount Pleasant, Turnpike. Perry Lane (now Prospect Avenue) and Eagle Rock 
Ro.ul. 

Of the original purLliase, Mr. Haskell set aside fifty acres to be laitl out as a park for the use of 
parties who shouUl purchase and occujjv villa sites within the boundaries above mentioned. He then 
laid out about seven miles of winding roads, all of which, together with fifty odd acres of land, he deeded 
to trustees in perpetual trust for the use, occupancy and enjoyment of future owners of not less than 
one acre sites. 

The Park proprietors meet annually and elect a Board of ALmagers, who have charge of the Park 
and of the roads. They are also authorized to raise a ta.K of not exceeding $10 per acre, annually, on 
all lands in the Park ; there is a covenant in every deed subjecting the lands to such tax. The income 
from this source amounts to nearly §4,000 per annum, which sum is expended in the care of the roads 
and grounds, and the maintainance and support of a competent police. The original trustees, who were 
elected for life, were, T. B. Merrick, Edwin C. Burt and Augustus O. Moore. They were succeeded by 
D. A. Heald, David A. Wallace, and David E. Green. The death of David A. Wallace, in 1895, left a 
vacancy in the Board, which has not yet been filled. Mr. Heald has held the position of .Secretarj- of 
the Board since 185S, and has been one of the Board for the past twenty-five years. 

The original purchasers of villa sites were Le\i P. Stone, I-lgbert Starr, Thomas B. Merrick, Edwin 
Burt, John ]5urt, James Burt, Charles J. Martin, D. A. Heald and Joseph Howard. 

Ll.KWELl.Y.v S. Haskell, the founder of Llewellyn Park, which takes its name from his Christ- 
ian name, was born at New Gloucester, Me., in January, 181 5. He inclined to mercantile i)ursuits. and 
about 1842 was located in Philadelphia. He afterwartls became a partner in the wholesale firm of Has- 
kell, Merrick iS; Bull, New York, and remained in the firm until i860. He took up his residence in the 
meantime in an elegant villa on the Hudson County side of the Passaic River, near Belleville. N. J., 
styled " Belmont," and shortly afterwards removed to an elegant country seat near the s.inie, called 
" Laurel Hill." 

But the great beauty of Orange Mountain, and the picturesque possibilities of the mountain slo|)e, 
which the eye of an artist would have discovered, won him from his riverside palace. He made his first 
purchase of twenty one and a half acres on the 20th of February, 1853, comprising the grand ridge in 
the vicinity of the "steep precipice called Turk Eagle Rock." In October of the .same year he obtained 
eighteen acres adjoining the property of Albert Matthews, and in 1854 commenced building the "Eyrie." 
This unique and castellated structure, of which a plain farm house was the original foundation, Mr. 



314 



Thk Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



Haskell made his residence, and it remained in his possession until 1871, when he sold it to Mr. 
Gardner. The same year — 1854 — the locality known as Undercliffe, including about seventy acres, was 
purchased of Mr. Elijah Williams, and on April 28. 1855, seventy additional acres of Mr. Abiathar 
Harrison. The same j-ear he ])urchased of Ira 11. Condit a farm of about ei<^hty-si.\ acres. This 
included what later became the homes of John Hurkc, Egbert Starr, Levi P. Stone, Wendel Garrison, 
Edwin C. Hurt, John Burt and O. D. Munn. These were the first and most important purchases of land 
for the Park proper. 

From that time forward he proceeded with all the zeal and enthusiasm of an artist and the exact- 
ness of a mathematician to carry out his plans for the construction of the Park. This plan he formed 
in silence and solitude, with onl}- the heavens above him antl what seemed a tangled wilderness of woods 
beneath. Hut this " forest worshipper,'" as he was rightly termed by a friend, saw the pictures grow 
under his hand that he had seen in \ ision, until hundreds of acres lay spread over the mountainside, 
rich with culti\ation, and glowing with beauty indescribable, divided into fairy homesteads and inter- 
sected by romantic wood paths and sequestered carriage drives of miles in extent. When completed, 
the generous artificer conveyed all the roads and fifty acres of the land to trustees, as a private pleasure- 
ground for the use and enjoyment of all such as might become the owners or occupants of adjoining 
lands. 

Sir Christopher Wren, the architect of St. Paul's, in London, lies buried in the crypt, and the 
inscription upon the block marble slab is sini[)ly "Si iiioiiuntuiit rcqiiiris circunispicc'' -" If you seek his 

monument look for it around you." This inscription 
applies with equal force to the founder of Llewellyn 
Park. 

Mr. Haskell thdught and planneLl for large 
sections of the countr\' and for the orderly and 
Ijeautiful arrangement of numberless homes, as well 
as for his own occupancy, anil with no other design 
than to promote the comfort and happiness of his 
friends and the communit\' at large. It was in this 
spirit that he aided in the erection of the fine and 
stately edifice known as St. John's Church, by plac- 
ing at the disposal of the builders a stone quarry 
that la\- on the mountainside, and for which bene- 
f.ictiiin he received a grateful testimonial from the 
members of the congregation. He also donated 
largely toward remodeling .St. Mark's Church. 

«lr^>^"J^^H I ^^K^ ■/ In religion Mr. Haskell was a radical; once a 

>;-,<'. '^ "■" ^^^^^i^^^PSRT" de\i)iit orthodox, he became interested b\- degrees 

in liberal thought, and in pursuit of the good and 
true, always seen by him through the a;sthetic sense, 
led him into the silent paths of mystic contempla- 
tion before traversed by Jacob Behman and Emanuel 
Suedenborg, and opening in one day. into the arcana 
of a later spiritual revelation. Hut w hatever was his 
religious theory, his practice w as that of " one who 
loves his fellow-men." Anniher ])art of his practice 
was to "do justly and love mercy." Great was his forbearance of human nature, and it is said that 
he was never known to speak ill of a human being even under circumstances which would have justified 
the severest censure. 

An earnest patriot, he sent his son, now Gen. Haskell, to battle for the North and liberty; but. 




BUST OF l.l.KWEI.I.YN S. HASKELL. 



Tin-: Founders and Hiii.dkrs of the Okaxges. 



315 



tlunigh a life-long opponent of slavery and ready to make the greatest possible sacrifices for its over- 
throw, he spoke of tlu' slave-holder more in sorrow than in anger, and deprecated his blindness instead 
of crushing him with invective and contumely. Thus lived and wrought, often in loneliness and pain, 
one of nature's noblemen — 

O, men ! this man in brotherhood your weary paths bi-guihng 

Groaned inly while he taught you peace, and died while you were smiling. 

A life-size bust of Mr. Ilaskcll stands upon a granite pedestal at the left hand side of the main 
entrance to the Park, and testifies alike to the worth of the man and the affection with which his 
name is cherished, not only by the dwellers in the Park that bears his honored name, but by the people 
of the Oranges generally. 

Mr. Haskell never lived to witness the full fruition of his hopes. The many artistic villas and 
cottages, with their beautiful surroundings, have added much to the general appearance of the Park. 
Among the present residents are : the D. L. Wallace family, D. A. Heald, Mrs. Stone, David E. 
Green, V. E. Martin, O. D. Munn, W. R. Howe, Ross C. Browning, Charles R. Browning, Mrs. Eliza B. 
Plummer, Margaret Williams, Thomas Edison, Mrs. Arthur J. Moulton, Robert Sedgwick. Mrs. Burke, 
Wendel P. Garrison, W. E. Bloodgood, Henry Parish, Jr., Zimri West, Mrs. Josephine Jones, Fred 
Worth, William WoodhuU, Frank Hill, R. M. Colgate, William Barr, H. I). Folsom, Otto Bluhm, 
Amelia Fowler, E. W. Timpson, O. J. Seabury, Thomas H. Spaulding, H. X. .Munn, Mr. Weidenfeld, 
Mr. Paul. 

The first purchase of a building plot in the Park was by Mr. Edwin C. Burl, on which he erected a 
prett}- cottage which was destroyed by fire in 1 S^jS. Only a few of the original residents now remain. 
Some have passed away and the 
propert\- has changed hands. 
There being no restriction in the 
style of building, each one has 
exercised his own taste, and 
there is a marked individuality 
in nearly every home in the Park. 

" Oh, for a lodge in some vast 
wilderness !" 

SiiKX.\CTos Lodge, erect- 
ed 1892-3, the home of William 
Read Howe, situated on the 
brow of the mountain within 
the bounds of Llewellyn Park, 
is named in memory of the 
Indian chief who was the owner 
and in possession of this part of 
the mountain — "the great 
mountain Watchung" — at the 
time of the purchase of the 
land by the Newark settlers. This was included in the second deed, executed about ten years after 
the first purchase, which recites that "for and in consideration of two Guns, three Coates, and thirteen 
Kans of Rum, tu us in hand paid, etc., doe covenant and declare, etc., that it is meant, agreed and 
intended, that their bounds shall reach and goe A» f/if top of the said Grcatc Mountain, and that Wee, 
the said Indians, will make out the same to remaine to them, the said inhabitants of Newark, their heirs 
or Assigns for Ever." 

The house or "Lodge" of Mr. Howe is cruciform in shape and built of rough trap rock for the 




THE Gl.KN. 



3i6 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 




first story, aiul ht;av\- oak construction, with tlic jianels nUcd in with cement. abo\-e. The design is 
largely copied from a cliateau in the Tyrol, built in the sixteenth centur_\-, and with the hea\y overhant^ 
of the roof supijorted by hu<,re oak brackets, is \ery effective. 

Rk.sioenci-: of Ciiari.ks R. BkoWNixt;, W'ildwood Avenue, near the Park entrance. Most of 
the houses in the Park were built twenty-five or thirty years ago, when people looked more to the 
interior than exterior design and the architectural features were a matter of secondary consideration. 
It is a relief, therefore, to find almost at the very entrance of the Park a building which, although 

modeled after the fifteenth century 



-.^^. g.. ^, st}-le, combines the latest impro\ements 

';) ^=-^ in architecture, evincing careful study 

/ in all its details. The foundation, which 

^ rises some two or three feet from the 

{ ground, is of rough-faced trap rock, 

([uarricd in this vicinit}'. Tlie first story 

is of brick and above this the structure 

is formed in panels of stucco and wood, 

the whole surmounted b\' a jjitch or 

(iothic roof. The interior, both in style 

and finish, is made to corresjiond with 

the exterior. The site selected for the 

building was well suited to the style 

of architecture and required no grading 

' >r additional tree planting. The smooth 

level lawn was left in pretty much the 

same condition as it was when the Park 

was laid out originally. A [jrctty bed of 

rhododendrons and azalias have been 

added to brighten the surroundings, and the shade trees which form the frame-work arc a sufficient distance 

from the house not to obstruct the 

view orcausedampnessin the interior. 

G 1, 1', N r. A N K , the picturesfpie 
home of Ross C. Browning, the sec- 
ond from the entrance to the Park, 
fronting on Park VVaj', cannot fail 
to attract the attention of the 
stranger visiting Llewell\-n Park. 
The house is nearly hidtlen by a 
group of tall forest trees which have 
done service for a century or more. 
The tall red oak in front, judging 
from its present appearance, must 
have afforded shelter to the abor- 
iginees in their frecjuent journeying-^ 
to the coast to gather wampum. A 
wee])ing beech near the entrance, a 
number of fine magnolias and a 
choice collection of plants and flowers 



KESU)F,N<:F. of CIIAKI.F.S R. liROWNING. 




GLBNBANK, THE HOME OF ROSS C. BROWNING. 




ROSS C. BROWNING. 



The Foundeks and Builders of the Oranges. 317 

complete the picturesciucness of tlie sunouiulinj^s. Tlie front of the house is almost entirely covered by 
the honeysuckle and wisteria. Owing to its location near the foot of the mountain, being ])rotected 
from the northwest winds while exposed to tiie warm rays of the southern sun, the early spring flowers 
- the snowdrops and crocuses — make their first ap])earance here. A double row of trees along the 
driveway, between Mr. Browning's residence antl his tasteful cottage opjjosite, add much to the beauty 
of the Park and delight the eyes of the visitor. 

THE BROWNING FAMILY. 

James Brow ning, the .mcestor of the family frum which Ross C. Browning is descended, was one of 
the original prt)prietors of Rutland, Worcester County, Mass., wlio, on December 14, 1715, met at 
Boston and "voted that the contents of six miles square be surveyed and set off for the settlement of 
sixty-two families in order to the performance of the condition of the grant." He was one of tlie first 
town oiificers of Rutland after its incorporation as a town, appointed Jul\- 6, 1722. 

The History of Rutland states that "Mr. James and Mrs. Elizabeth Browning brought letters 
of testimonial of tluir church fellowship in Ireland, and were received into communion with the churcli 
in Rutland, Ma\- 24, 172S. Tlu y were worthy people, fruitful and prosperous, in a strange land. They 
had born unto them six sons and four daughters; the danger being so great fiom the Indians, their first 
cliild was born in garrison on August 20, 1723. These children were William, Elizabeth. James, 
l'"rustram, ./('jvy^//, Mary, John, Samuel and Martha. Mr. James Browning was Proprietor of Home Lot 
No. 53 and all its after dixisions; the whole he and his sons owned was about 800 acres. He died 
February 3, 1749." 

According to the abo\e record, this family came from Ireland. They were of English descent, 
however, as shown h\- the Coat .\rmorial borne by the Browning family, settled in Gloucester County, 
England, as follows: .Inns. — Barry wavy of six argent and azure. Crest. — A sinister arm from the 
elbow issuing from a cloud in the dexter, hokling in the hand above a serpent's head, erect from the 
middle, and looking toward a sinister ppr. 

Joseph Browning, fifth child of James and Elizabeth Browning, was born in Rutland. Mass., 
November 21, 1760. He married Lucy Sherman, daughter of Asaph Sherman and Lucy Whitney. He 
had among other children Tlioinas, born 1787. Lucy Sherman was a direct descendant of Henry 
Sherman, of Dedhani, Essex County, England, the ancestor of Roger Sherman, one of the signers of 
the Declaration of Intlei^endence, and of Senator John Sherman and (ien. William Tecumseli 
Sherman, of Ohio. 

Thomas Browning, son of Joseph and Luc_\- 1 Sherman 1 l^rowning, was born in Rutland, .Mass.. 
March 21, 1787. He was called out as a member of the Vermont Militia in the War of 1812-15, and 
took part in the battle of I'lattsburg. lie was a well-known Universalist minister and preached for 
some years at Barre, Waterbury, and Richmond, Vt.. and other places. He married Persis Ross, 
daughter of Abraham Ross and Persis (^Welchj Ross, of Jeffrey, N. H. They had among other children, 
Ross C. 

Ross C. Browninc;, son of Thomas and Persis (Ross) Browning, was born at Barre, \'t., September 
8, 1822. He removed with his parents to Richmond, Vt., when quite young, where he had excellent 
school advantages, both public and private. He completed his education at the Liberal Institute, of 
Lebanon. N. H. He taught school for several years in Sussex County, N. J., and was afterwards 
employed by the Erie Railway Co. at its terminus at that time at Piermont, on the Hudson. In 1859 
he became associated with Alvin J. Johnson, under the firm name of Johnson & Browning, in the 
publication of an atlas of the world, one of the most elaborate and complete of any work of the kind 
then published in this country. It had an extensive sale throughout the country and especially in the 
South, and owing to the prejudice against Northern publications, it became necessary to establish a 
branch plant in Richmond, Va., the work being issued from that point. Mr. Browning had charge of 
that branch of the business, and employed a number of agents to canvass the southern territory. He 



3'8 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



was at that time a resident of Richmond. At the breaking out of the war he managed, through the 
efforts of Gov. Letcher, to get through the lines with his family, but was obliged to leave all his presses 
and other materials, together with his household furniture, etc. The presses were afterwards used by 
the Confederate Government for printing Confederate notes and bonds. These, together with the 
household furniture, were confiscated by the Confederate Government and became a total loss, and Mr. 
Browning was never able to recover anything after the war. He remained true and loyal to the Union 
through the war and rendered substantial aid in many ways. At the time of the draft riots, in the 
summer of 1863, Mr. Browning closed his establishment in New York City and, taking the lead himself. 
invited his employees to join the special police force in the terrible struggle which lasted for several 
days. The platoon in which Mr. Browning and his employees served had se\eral hand-to-hand encoun- 
ters with the rioters and participated in the sanguinary charge of the police which rescued the gas 
works from destruction and saved the city from being plunged in darkness. 

He continued to carry on the map publishing business at the North, both during and after the war, 
and was very successful. In 1S63 he and his partner became interested in a ncwiy patented clothes 
wringer which became a great success, and the two partners divided their interests, Mr. Johnson 
continuing the map business and Mr. Browning taking the clothes wringer business. A stock company 
was organized of which Mr. Browning was general manager. He afterwards became President. Com- 
petition arose and other companies of the kind were organized. These were eventually absorbed by a 
syndicate, and in 1S92 Mr. Browning parted with his interest and retired from business. 

Mr. Bi owning was for some time a 
resident of Brooklyn. He moved to Orange 
in 1 86 1, and in 1865 purchased what was 
known as the Merrill place, in Llewell3-n 
Park. Til is he afterwards sold and pur- 
chased his present residence on Park Way. 
No one has a higher appreciation of the 
beauty of his surroundings than Mr. 
Bi owning, and he has done his full share 
in maintaining and developing the prop- 
erty in order to increase its attractiveness 
and thus to induce others to share its 
benefits. Mr. Browning has been treas- 
urer of the Park Board and for some years 
a member of the Board of Managers. The 
construction of the electric road from 
Newark to Eagle Rock, thus bringing 
Llewellyn Park in direct and rapid com- 
munication with Newark, was accomplished 
partly through his efforts, the original petition, signed by residents of West Orange, having been 
prepared and circulated by him. 

During his early life, while teaching school in Sussex County, N. J , Mr. Browning met and married, 
October 24, 1854, Miss Katharine Hamilton, daughter of l-'rancis Price Hamilton. The latter was the son 
of James Hamilton, who was born on the high seas while his parents were in transit from Manchester, 
England, to this country. During the War of the Revolution, while working at his trade as carpenter, 
in Philadelphia, he was seized as a British subject and taken on board a British man-of-war, but 
succeeded in making his escape. He became prominent as a builder and erected some of the finest 
houses and public buildings in East New Jersey. He married the daughter of Judge Francis Price, an 
officer of the Revolutionary Army, grandfather of Governor Price, of New Jersey. Francis Price 
Hamilton, the father of Mrs. Browning, married Ann Sharp, daughter of Jo.seph Sharp, a descendant of 




COTTAGE OK ROSS C. BKOWNINO. 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



3>9 



William Sharp, of Gloucester County, England, who came to this country in 16S2 t" take cliarye of his 
brother Anthony's property, consisting of large tracts of land in both West and Kast New Jersey. Joseph, 
fifth generation, and a descendant of William, was largely interested in lands in Sussex County and 
other places, and built the original forge, and introduced the first iron forging at Sharpsboro, afterward 
changed in 1792 to Hamburg, the home of I-Vancis Price Hamilton. 



Bakdnai.D, the residence of Mr. William Barr, on Tulip Avenue, is a model of elegance and 
cosiness, both inside and outside, it wearing an unmistakable expression of fine taste and real comfort. 
It seems to have been built within a bed of foliage, as it is on one side surrounded with clumps of 
deciduous shrubs and boxwood, and on the other, festooned with vines. There is a very pretty distribu- 
tion of flower beds scattered before a scalloped border at Baronald. Stevia, centaurea and curves of 
gay blossoms and variegated foliage are veiy harmoniously arranged. Not far from this bit of floral 
blending is the crysanthemum bed where standard bushes six feet high and two hundred \arieties of 
low-spreading plants are under cultivation. There is an excellent orchid collection made by Mr. Barr, 
and every plant is labeled. There is also a fine collection of crotons, and some rich varieties of gloxinias. 

The following 
description of the 
place is given b y 
Fannie A. Benson in 
Town Topics : " A 
lawn sloping from 
the cottage is embel- 
lished here and there 
with specimen trees, 
some planted singly 
and others in groups, 
but none are set out 
so that they can inter- 
rupt the view of the 
Palisades whose dark 
heights, with their 
ever changing halo of 
tinted mists, can be 
distinctly seen from 
the veranda of the 
residence. A dog- 
wood tree {coniiis 
Florida) is gracefully 
situated on the lawn 

so that its large milky flowers in early spring and its crimson colors of foliage in autumn form an 
attractive picture. Through midsummer it spreads out its leaves of firm rich texture in massive layers 
to shelter a rustic seat, which is a comfortable resting spot and a desirable place from which to view the 
interesting features of gardening. A beech of weeping habit ifngiis />iiiiii(/a) is an ornamental object, 
as it is eccentric in shape and appears like some grotesque form in the landscape. The rare Judas tree 
{a-n-isjapoiiica) is one of the beauties of Baronald. It flowers before it has any leaves in the spring, and 
its stems are completely wreathed in pink bloom. There are noble specimens of horse chestnuts and 
several majestic tulip or whitewood trees. Under a copse of the latter is a fine collection of shrubs and 
plants, among which are several varieties of Spina, atacid, Diut::ia gracillis, and Intlia rubber trees 
{Fit us clastica). 




BARONALD. 



!20 



Thk Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



" A brilliant effect is made at one side of the residence with <^audy <^eraniums, between the beds of 
which are vases dripping; with tender trailers and bright blossoms. A specimen sago palm and a large 
UUania barlwnka with glossy fronds, give their tropical contrast to the more modest domestic growth, 
and fme agaves are so set out that their aggressive, sharp pointed leaves are apparently protecting this 
lovely line of plants. Ilii^iionia radiiaiis, the trumpet vine that grows so easily and blossoms so 
"or<'eouslv, is trained very gracefully on single straight supports which it tosses o\er and around with 
scarlet throated flowers, /fydrinii^ta otaksa is represented by a ver\- large plant w ith grand trusses of 
blue blossoms. Symmetrical ^\\vuh^ A/t/ica or rose of Sharon are one sheet of crimson and snow flowers, 
not far from which are a mass of sunflowers that make a highly ornamental group and seem to be 

running a race in height 
with a tlirift)- bed of 
Phlox." 

The owner of Baronald, 
William Harr, is a n:iti\'c 
of Lanark, Scotland, born 
October 7, 1827. llecame 
to this country in 1840 
and obtained a position as 
clerk in the dry goods 
store of Ubsdell & Pierson. 
He became a partner in 
the business in 1854 and 
went to St. Louis to as- 
sume charge of the branch 
house already established 
there by his firm. V>y the 
retirement of M)'. Charles 
Pierson in 1864, it was 
changed to Ubsdell, Harr. 
Duncan & Co.: after the 
death of .Mr. Ubsdell it 
became Harr, Duncan iK: 
Co., and on the retirement 

of :\Ir. Duncan it was changed to William Barr & Co.. and later to the William Barr Dry (joods Compan\-, 
of which Mr. Barr is the President. Mr. Barr was married August 30, 1855, in New York City, to Miss 
Jessie R. Wright, daughter of John Wright, of that city. He removed to Orange in 1866, and the 
following year purchased the house and two acres in Llewellyn Park, and later purchased two acres in 
addition Mr. Barr is a member of the Metropolitan Museum of .\rt and a Fellow of the American 
Geographical Societ}-, in New \'ork. He was formerly a member of St. Mark's Episco[)al Church, of 
Orange, but for some years past has been connected with Grace Episcopal Church. He is a member of 
the New England Society, of Orange, and of the Orange Athletic Club. Mrs. Barr is active in religious 
and benevolent work. She was one of the founders of the House of the Good Shejjherd ; she has 
given especial attention to the Training School for Nurses; is a member of the Woman's Club; also of 
the several auxiliary societies connected with Grace Episcopal Church, of which >he is an acti\e member. 




THE CONS 1,1: 



0.\1\1.KI(.I1, the home of the late Levi P. Stone, is situated just on the turn of Oak Bend as it 
winds its way up the mountain. This brown stone mansion, in its solidity and graceful architecture, 
rising above a charming lawn and embowered among the forest trees, is the only one in the Park, 
excepting Castlewood, which fitly represents its surroundings. While only a portion of the material 







V 



LEVI P. STONE. 



The F"ounders and liuiLOERS of the Oranges. 321 

used ill its construction was quairicd within the limits of tlic I'ark, the house is built entirely of the 
red sand-stone belon^nng to this part of Kast New Jersey, and was all taken from the quarries in what 
foimcrly comprised the township of Newark, embracing all the Oranges. There is a peculiar fitness in 
thus utilizing a material which nature has so liberally provided in this locality, and which affords such 
a beautiful contrast to the foliage of the trees above and around and the bright-colored flowers beneath. 
Aided by the handiwork of man, it has literally lisen from the bowels of the earth as a substantial 
monument to its designer. In the selection of a location and in the erection of his home in Llewellyn 
I'ark, Mr. Stone had in view ail these conditions. As early as 1S34, as if he had already, in his visions of 
the future, a prophetic dream of his home among the trees and flowers of the mountainside, he writes: 

" Oh, I would leave 
The haunts of busy, plodfhng man. and on 
So[ne mountain summit drink the purer air 
That breathes around. Give me the verdant grove, 
The wide expanse of heaven — soft shades 
Of autumn twilight, and the breezes bland 
Which speak a present Deity, where I 
May raise my silent orisons." 

Mr. Stone was among the earliest of the settlers in Llewellyn I'ark. He entered heartily into the 
plans of Mr. Haskell to make the Park a little paradise where New York business men, after the labors 
of the day, might find needed rest and happiness in contemplating the beauties of nature. An ardent 
lover of nature himself, Mr. Stone tried to awaken a corresponding love in the hearts of others, that in 
thus admiring its beauties they might learn to worship nature's God. 

Lp:vi Pavsox Stone was a native of Wendell, Mass., born May i, 1802, son of Levi and Betsy 
(Kidder) Stone. Originally of Welsh descent on his father's side, his immediate ancestor settled in 
Framingham, Conn. The ancestor of the Kidder family, to which his mother belonged, was James, of 
Billerica, Mass., born at East Grinstead, England, 1626, died at Billcrica, April 16, 1676. He was ser- 
geant and ensign in the military company of Billerica, and commander of the Billerica garrison. Mr. 
Stone was educated at the public school and .\mherst Academy. His first business experience was with 
a firm atColeraine, Mass., of which he subsequently became a member. Later he removed to Greenfield, 
Mass., where he did a successful business for several years. He came to New York City in 1836, where he 
formed a copartnership in the dry goods business under the firm name of Stone, Wood & Starr. It 
became one of the largest and best known dry goods houses in the city, and continued, with the subse- 
quent admission of junior partners, for more than a quarter of a century with Mr. Stone at the head. 
He retired from active duties in 1866, but retained an interest in the business for several years after. 

He was a man of deep religious convictions and during his residence in New York he was connected 
with what was known as the Brick Church, in which he served for a long time as deacon and later as 
elder. He was also engaged in Sunday School and mission work, making frequent personal visits among 
the tenement houses, assisting and relieving the poor, ministering alike to their temporal and spiritual 
wants. At a later period he removed to Brooklyn and was there connected with the Second Presby- 
terian Church. On his removal to Orange in 1857, he united with the First Presbyterian Church, of 
which Rev. Dr. Hoyt was pastor. Ten years later he assisted in organizing the Central Presbyterian 
Church and was a member of the original session. He contributed materially to the success of this 
new enterprise, not only by his active participation in the work of the church, but in his liberal financial 
support. He was beloved alike by the pastor and people and never forgot the stranger, who received a 
hearty welcome at his hands. He was always found in his place, both on the Sabbath and week-day 
services, and endeavored faithfully to "redeem the time." He was one of those rare spirits that would 
never forsake his seat in his own church to attend a service elsewhere; others following his example, 
gave strength and encouragement to the heart of their pastor. 

Mr. Stone's benefactions were not confined to his own church nor to the CDmmunity where he 



322 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges, 



resided. Among the institutions of learning in which lie became interested was that of Princeton 
Theological Seminary. He established for that institution a lecture course which, by consent rather 
than by direction of the founder, bears his name — ''the I,. P. Stone lectureship." He was a member 
of the Board of Trustees and always manifested the most lively interest in the welfare of the seminar)'. 
He was held in high esteem by the professors in that institution and exercised an important influence 
in its management. Public spirited and liberal as a citizen, his hand was e\er open for the furtherance 
of any enterprise that promised good to his neighbors, and it was said of him that not a charitable 
institution in the whole region of the Oranges or a struggling church or missiim that did not profit by 
his beneficence. Mr. Stone was married in Sudbury, Mass., June 13, 1854, to Caroline Elizabeth, 
daughter of Roland and Martlia Cutler. The former was a descendant of Thomas Cutler, born at 
Cambridge Farms, Mass., June 19, 1678, died at Sudbury, Mass., March 26, 1718; grandson of James 
Cutler, born in England, 1606, one of the original settlers of Watertown, Mass., 1634. The children of 
this marriage were: Maiy Elizabeth, married Benjamin Douglass, Jr., of Orange; Augusta, married 
Dr. Fred Webster Whittemore, a descendant of Thomas Whittemore, one of the earliest settlers of 
Charlestown, Mass. 



WOODSIDE, the residence of D. A. Heald, fronting on Oak Bend, with W'ildwood Avenue as its 
southern boundary, is a picture of nature and art combined ; the tasteful frame cottage being set in a 
framework of forest trees, with an unobstructive view in front, save the rustic, vine-covered summer- 
house, standing on a knoll, niid\va_\- between the house and Oak Bend. The broad veranda in front of the 
house is covered with wisteria, trumpet 
creeper and other vines, intermingled 
with a variety of flowers of brilliant 
foliage, giving a fine color effect to the 
picture. Two large elms spread their 
branches in front of the house, and 
shade trees in great variety surround it 
on either side. Among these are found 
the silver spruce, flowering cherry, dog- 
wood, maidenhair, beech and maple, 
together with a variety of select fruit 
trees. A centennial willow, of thrifty 
growth, standing in front of the house, 
is associated with an important histori- 
cal event connected with the War of 
the Revolution. A small cutting was 
obtained by Mr. Heald from the battle- 
field of Concord, (in which the grand 
father of .Mr. Heald took part, and of 
which his father was an eye-witness 1, '"k i-ihkakv at \vuol-sii>e. 

and planted by him on the one hundredth anniversary of that event. It may be truly said of this tree, 
as well as of the principles it represents, Qui transtulit sustinct. Literally the parent tree drank the 
blood of the American patriots, which, symbolically, became the seed of the .American Republic, and 
thus the off-shoot bids fair to perpetuate and keep alive the noble sentiments which inspired the men who 
sacrificed their lives to establish our independence. 

The interior of the house is supplied with every convenience that a man of taste and refinement 
could suggest. The hardwood, pirquet floors, both on the first and second story, are of elaborate de- 
sign and highly polished, partly covered with a variety of Eastern mats and rugs, which give to it a 
homelike appearance. The w.dl and ceiling decorations in every room are made to harmonize, in their 



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Thk Founijkks and Builders of the Oranges. 323 

soft, ricli tints, with tlic suiiiuindiiiL^s. The large, lodiiiy library on the first floor, facing the east, is 
well supplied with a variety of st.mdard works, anil a fine collection of old and rare books, costly engrav- 
ings, being original proof copies of p.iintini;s of the old masters, interesting curios and bric-.'i-brac from 
almost every part of the globe. 

The bedrooms are models of taste and clegmce, luxuriously furnished, no two alike, each possessing 
an individuality in style and arrangement. The soft rays of the setting sun, slightly obscured by the 
beautifully colored-stained glass windows, impart a rich glow over the tout ensemble, lifting the soul away 
from earth to the source of light and happiness. 

THE MEALD FAMILY. 

The name Hcakl is supposctl to be of Danish origin, but is found in England through several gen- 
erations. The Coat Armorial of one branch of the family, as given by Burke, is: Anns. — Quarterly 
gules and azure in the first and fourth quarters an eagle, with wings elevated or ; in the second and 
third, a fret of the last, over all a fesse argent thereon, between two crosses pattee, a rose, of the first, 
barbed and seeded pjir. Crest. — On a mount vert a bundle of arrows fesseways, the points towards the 
dexter, ppr. bound gules thereon an eagle, wings elevated, criminois, in the beak a sprig of oak, also 
ppr.: the dexter claw resting on a cross pattee as in the arms. Motto. — Mea gloria cru.x. 

John llcald, the American ancestor of the famil\-, came from Berwick, England, and settled in Con- 
cord, Mass., in 1635 ; made freeman, 1641. He married Doroth}- , and had issue _/(?//// ii) and seven 

other children. John (i ) died May 24, 1662. 

John Heald (2), son of John (1) and Dorothy ■, was born in Concord. He married .Sarah Dean 

and had four children, of whom Joint (j) was the second. 

John Heald (3), son of John (2) and Sarah (Dean) Heald, was born September 19, 1666, died 
November 25. 1721. He was commonly known as " Lieutenant John." He married Mary Chandler, 
daughter of John Chandler, and had issue, among other children, Amos. 

Amos Heald, son of John (3) and Mary (Chandler) Heald, was born in Concord, Mass., in 1709. 
He married Elizabeth Billings, daughter of Nathaniel Billings, of Concord. He had issue, Daniel d.nd 
other children. 

Daniel Heald, son of Amos and Elizabeth (Billingsj Heald, was born in Concord, Mass., July 14, 
1739. He w'as a man of uprightness of character, but bold and fearless in the discharge of every known 
duty. In 1774, during the exciting events that preceded the War of the Revolution, he was deputy 
sheriff in Concord, and in the discharge of his official duties he jxisted the notice of the adjournment 
of the court on the court house door. On receiving notice from the Committee of Safety, however, he 
promised "not to make return on said proclamation, nor in any way be aiding or assisting in bringing 
on the unconstitutional plan of government." He was looked upon with suspicion by his neighbors, 
but, as he said to them, "they would be treated simpl\- as rebels, while any overt act on his part would 
be treason and he would suffer the penalty if caught." At the battle of Concord, however, while he 
declined to be enrolled, he shouldered his musket and fought side by side with the patriots, joining 
them at "The Bridge." At the battle of Bunker Hill he served in Col. Prescott"s division. He was 
also at Ticonderoga in the summer of 1775, and throughout the entire war his sympathies were with 
the struggling patriots. He was a man much respected in the community and was long a deacon in the 
Congregational Church. Some time during the war he moved to Chester, Vt., where he died September 
'7' '833, aged 94. He married Abigail Wheeler and had, among other children, a son. Amos. 

Amos Heald, son of Daniel and Abigail (Wheeler) Heald, was born in Concord, Mass , November 
18, 1765. He heard the "clatter of arms" and the "roar of artillery" when but a little child, and at 
the age of nine years he witnessed the battle of Concord. Young as he was he was a true patriot and 
" lived in the days that tried men's souls," and would gladly have fought side by side with his worthy 
sire had he been able. He was but eleven years of age when his father moved to Chester, Vt., and 



324 The Founders and Bi^lders of the Oranges. 

there the hid worked the farm, and after peace was declared obtained a httle schooHng in the old log 
school-house. He was a man of marked distinction in the community and held many positions of 
honor and trust. He was Town Clerk, Justice of the Peace, Judge of the County Court, High Sheriff 
of the County and represented his town in the State Legislature; he was also for many years a deacon 
in the Congregational Church. He married Lydia Edwards, daughter and third child of Capt. 
Ebenczer Edwards, of Acton. Both Ebenezer (then nineteen years of age) and his father, Nathaniel 
Edwards, were with the Acton company at the battle of Concord Bridge. Young Ebenezer was also at 
the battle of Bunker Hill and worked on the fortifications at Dorchester Heights. He was a carpenter 
by trade and did military duty at the same time. The issue of the marriage of .\mos Heald and Lydia 
Edwards was Amos Edwards, Anna D., Prescott, Persis and Daniel Addison. 

D.\Mi:i. Addison He.\LD, youngest child of .'\nios and Lydia (Edwards) Heald, was born at Ches- 
ter, Vt., May 4, 1818. He is one of the few living connecting links with the Revolutionary period, 
having heard from the lips of his father and grandfather the thrilling stories of the Revolution, and he 
still has in his possession the sword carried by his grantifather as Deputy .Sheriff of Concord. As a boy 
he attended the common school, and remained on the farm until he was sixteen years of age. He was 
then prepared for college at Kimberly Union Academy, Meriden, N. H., and was graduated at Vale 
College in 1S41. During his senior year he read law in the ofifice of Judge Dugget, and afterwards with 
Judge Washburn, whose daughter he married, and whose son, Peter T., afterwards became Governor of 
Vermont. Mr. Heald was admitted to the bar of his native State in May, 1843. Early in life he 
adopted as his motto: "The Temple of Honor has no room for those who throng her portals without 
forcing her gates, and leaving traces of their stay within her walls." Mr. Heald continued the practice 
of his profession from 1S46 to 1854, and for a portion of the time he was cashier of the bank at Black 
River. He took an active part in politics, being identified with the Whig party, and in 1850 was elected 
to the lower house of the Legislature of Vermont, and in 1854 represented his district in the State 
Senate. In 1856 he practiced law for a short time in Galena III., during the residence of young Grant, 
later General and President of the United States. He was admitted to the bar of Galena about the 
same time as Rawlins, who afterwards became Secretary of War. 

Soon after Mr. Heald began the practice of law in his native town, he accepted the agenc\- of the 
Aetna and other Hartford insurance companies, and during the thirteen years that he remained in his 
native State, he acquired a marked reputation as a lawyer antl underwriter. In 1856 the Home Insur- 
ance Company of New York invited him to become their general agent in that city. In April, 1868, 
after twelve years of faithful service as general agent, he was elected Second Vice-President ; in April, 
1883, Vice-President, and in 1888 he succeeded Mr. Charles J. Martin (deceased) as President. When 
he entered the service of this company its capital was $500,000 and its assets $872,823; in 1890 the 
capital had increased to $3,000,000 and the assets to $9,000,000. Mr. Heald has been prominent in the 
New York lioard of L'nderwriters for many years, and the National Board of P"ire Underwriters is due 
mainly to his efforts, the latter having been established on account of the fierce competition for business 
and the extraordinary cutting of rates in 1866. In September, 1880, Mr. Heald delivered an address 
before the I'ire Underwriters' Association of the Northwest on " F"ire L^nderwriting as a Profession," 
setting forth the evils that had crept into the sj-steni, and the dangers that threatened the companies in 
consequence. His treatment of the subject evinced deep thought, and the tiiorough knowledge which 
can be acquired only by long e.vperience. 

Another speech, delivered in New York, July, 1886, on the occasion of the twentieth anniversary of 
the organization of the National Hoard, is said to be the most masterful presentation of fire insurance 
history and suggestions of which there is any record. His address before the same Board at the twenty- 
fourth annual meeting, May, 8, 1890, contained a clear and comprehensive statement of the condition of 
fire insurance throughout the United States, illustrated by carefully prepared tables, showing the aggre- 
gate business done in the several States from i860 to 1889, and a comparison of the mode of business 
and results of American companies with those of foreign companies. As an insurance expert Mr. Heald 




DANIEL A. HEALD. 



Tin: Founders and Huilders of the Okan«es. 32; 

lias few rivals, his legal training having enabled liim to meet ami overcome dinRculties that would other- 
wise have been insurmountable. He is a rapid thinker and a careful, painstaking and very methodical 
worker. " His services to the profession of underwriting, gratuitously rendered," says an observing 
writer, " have justified the iissertion that has been made, that no other fire underwriter of late years has 
done so much to uplift the profession or advance the real intere.sts of fire insurance as he." 

Mr. Heald's connection with the Oranges, and more especially with Llewellyn Park, began in 1S57, 
two years after Llewellyn S. Haskell conceived the idea of utilizing this beautiful tract of mountainous 
country as a park, and he has been identified with its growth and the various improvements that have 
been made almost from the beginning. He is the sole survivor of the original projectors of this 
enterprise and has been Secretary of the Board of Proprietors since 1858, and has been largely instru- 
mental in carrying out Mr. Haskell's plan of keeping it as a park for private residences. Over four 
miles of macademized roads have been made under his immediate supervision. Mr. Heald was one of 
the nine original members of the New England Society, of Orange, and has been one of the most active 
in promoting its objects. He was twice elected its President, the first time receiving a larger number of 
votes than Gen. George B. McClellan, who was running against iiim for the office. He was one of the 
original members of the Orange Valley Congregational Church, and served six years as a member of the 
]5oard of Trustees. He has been identified with the Orange Memorial Hospital since its organization ; 
was for fifteen years President of the Advisory Board, and has been Treasurer of the Endowment Fund 
since it was established. 

Mr. Heald married, in 1843, Sarah Elizabeth Washburn, daughter of Judge Reuben Washburn and 
a sister of Gov. Peter T. Washburn, of N'ermont. This family is traced back in an unbroken line to 
Edward III. Judge Washburn was a direct descendant of John Washburn, Secretary of the Massa- 
chusetts Bay Colony, and was previously its Secretary in England. Judge Reuben Washburn, the 
father of Mr. Heald"s wife, married Hannah Blaney Thatcher, daughter of Rev. Thomas Gushing 
Thatcher, who was the son of Rev. Peter Thatcher, of Brattle Street Church, Boston, during the War 
of the Revolution. He was the son of Oxenbridge Thatcher, an immigrant lawyer of Boston, and an 
intimate friend of John Hancock, Samuel Adams, Paul Revere and others; distinguished as an orator 
of rare ability; mentioned by Bancroft as the "silver-tongued orator." Oxenbridge Thatcher was the 
son of Rev. Peter Thatcher, of Milton, who married l"heodora Oxenbridge, a daughter of Rev. John 
Oxenbridge, pastor of the P'irst Church in Boston, who came to Boston from the North of England, 
about 1635. Rev. Peter Thatcher was the son of Rev. Thomas Thatcher, son of Rev. Peter Thatcher, 
rector of St. Edmund's Church, Salisbury, England, who died in 1614. Five children were the issue of 
the marriage of Mr. Heald with Miss Washburn, one of whom died in infancy. Mary Eliza, married 
A. M. Burlis, of Orange; John Oxenbridge (see page 292); Charles Arthur, died at Yale College during 
his senior year, aged 22 ; Alice Washburn, married Prof. George L. Manning, of Stevens Institute. 

Residi.nck of D.wiii E. Grkkx. The wide exp.inse of lawn sloping gently towards the east with 
no other covering than the rich, green, velvety carpet which nature has so liberally provided, forms the 
chief attraction of the residence of Mr. Green. The entrance is by a winding driveway from Oak Bend, 
and the house, a substantial brick edifice set in a framework of evergreens, with the tall forest trees for 
a background, forming altogether a most attracti\e picture and a desirable home. Nothing is done for 
show or effect, but there is an individuality about it which is in strict harmony with the owner and 
designer. The early success of Mr. Haskell in his development of Llewellyn Park is due in a great 
measure to the encouragement and hearty cooperation of his friend Mr. William Green, who made the 
first purchase of about twenty acres, which he immediately laid out into large building plots and induced 
members of his own family to join him in the enterprise. His homestead plot on Tulip Avenue, on 
which he erected a large brick house, is now owned and occupied by Mr. George J. Seabury. He 
conveyed to his daughter, Mrs. Moore, a plot adjoining his own, where she resided for some years. 
This is now the property of Mr. James Lancey. "Castlewood." the most attractive residence in the 



326 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

Park, was built b\- his stepson, Mr. Joseph Howard. His two sons, David E. and Charles F., both built 
for themselves substantial brick residences. The former still resides in the Park, and is at present the 
only representative of the family in this locality. 

Wll.l.l.VM Green was born in New York City, August 12, 1796. He was for many years engaged 
in the iron importing and also in the hardware trade with A. R. & D. Wetmore, and conducted the iron 
smelting and rolling works at Boonton. Mr. Green was one of a band of men notable in their day for 
the brave stand they made in philanthropic and religious movements. He was one of the founders, in 
October, 1833. and Vice-President of the New York City Anti-Slaver\- Society, of which Arthur Tappan 
was President. Mr. (ireen was one of the men who met secretly for that purpose in Chatham Street 
Chapel, a mob having threatened to demolish Clinton Hall, at the corner of Theatre Alley and Beekman 
Street, being incited to these deeds of violence by the G^ww^rc/r?/ .-ir/t'ir/wcr and other pro-southern 
papers. Mr. Green was then living in Cit\- Hall Place. About that time the Abolitionists were at all 
times in danger of assaults by mobs, and to protect his house, Mr. Green kept a tank at the top of the 
building filled with hot water and hose connection, arranged in such a way that assailants would be as- 
sured of a warm reception. In December. 1883, Mr. Green assisted in the formation, at Philadelphia, 
of the American Anti-Slavery Society. The first ofificers of this society were : Arthur Tappan, President ; 
Wm. Green, Jr., Vice-President ; John Rankin, Treasurer. Mr. Green was an intimate co-worker in philan- 
thropic and religious matters with, among others, William Lloyd Garrison, Horace Greely, Wendel 
Phillips, the Tappans, William Goodell, John Rankin, Dr. Abraham L. Cox, and the Rev. Charles G. 
Finney. He was at one time an orthodox believer, but for many years before his death he accepted the 
Harmonial Philosophy, as taught by Andrev,- Jackson Davis, as the rule of his life. Mr. Green con- 
tinued to reside in Orange until 1876, when he removed to Brooklyn, where he died Oct. 21, 188 1. Mr. 
Green was twice married. First, to Jane Palter; second, to Harriet Cornelia, daughter of Zebulon Ely. 

Lakeside, the home of Henry T. Folsom. Nature seems to have designed this location as a fitting 
site for a castle of the feudal ages. The high elevation of the knoll, sloping in an almost perpendicular 
direction on every side, conveys the idea of security and seclusion, while the deep ravine in front sug- 
gests the ancient moat, and leaves naught else to the imagination to complete the surroundings of a 
feudal castle, save the portcullis to guard against the entrance of foes. This is really the most romantic 
spot in all the Park. The immense growth of trees obscures the distant view, but one has only to look 
around and beneath to enjoy to the fullest extent the beauties of nature. 

Lakeside is located on VVildwood Avenue a little southeast of The Ramble and Park Way. The 
house, which was modeled much after the style of an Italian villa, was built about 1865. Henry Folsom, 
who resided here for a number of years, came of an old New England family, many of whose descend- 
ants achieved distinction in their day, and were noted for their devotion to the principles of civil and 
religious liberty, and for their patriotism in the days that tried men's souls. 

THE FOLSOn FAHILV. 

The surname of Folsom is deri\-cd from Folsham, in Norfolk County, England. The earliest period in 
which the name appears in history is in the first half of the Fourteenth century. Mention is made 
of "John de Foulsham, an eloquent, imflinching opponent of the corruptions of the times." The same 
spirit of opposition to the "corruptions of the times" and to injustice and oppression in every age, has 
characterized his descendants. 

Jcihii I'oulsham, whose ancestors were of the same family, came from Hingham, England, to this 
country on the " Dillegent of Ipswich," Eng., 26th of April, 1638, and settled first in Hingham, Mass., 
and about 1650 removed to Exeter, N. H., to which place his father-in-law had preceded him. He 
married, 4th of October, 1636, Mary, eldest child of Edward and Mary Clark (lilmaii, who accompanied 
him to this country. Their chiUlrcn were Samuel, Joint (2), known as " Deacon John," Nathaniel, 
Israel, Peter, Mary, Ephraim. 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



327 



Deacon John (2) Folsom, tliiid cliild of John fi) and Mary CGilman) FolM>ni, was baptized October 
3, 1641. He was a man of liigh stantling and i^ood proi)erty, active both in church ami |)oiitical affairs. 
He was frequently sent to the General Assembly. He married Abij^ail, daughter of Abraham Perkins, 
of Hampton. He died in Fxctcr, N. H., 1715. He had twelve children, of whom ./<•/■<•«//(;// was the 
eighth. 

Jeremiah Folsom, eighth child of Deacon John and Abigail (Perkins) Folsom, was born at Exeter, 

N. H., in 1680. He Tiianietl I^lizabclh , and had eight children, of whom Col. John was the 

youngest. 

Col. John I'"olsnni, youni^'cst child nf Ji-remiali and Elizabeth (' ) Folsom, was born in New- 
market, July 7, 1723. In 1766 he rcmovctl to Greenland. Mass., where he was an inn-holder. He was 
highly esteemed, and often elected to office in Strathani. He died April 17, 1787. He married, first, 
Sarah, daughter of Samuel \'easy ; she ilicd in 1756; he married, second, Mrs. Martha Hrackett (n(5c 
Wiggin), daughter of Thomas Wiggin. I^avid was the eldest of eight children. 

Major David Folsom, eldest child of Col. John and Martha (lirackett, nee \\iggin,) Folsom, was 
born in Newmarket, Mass., May 20, 1 750. He aided in laying out the town of Tamworth, in 1776, where 
he became a prominent citizen, holding the office of Major and various civil offices. He is said to be 
the first to make cut nails by machinery. In 1788 he removed to Harrisburg, Penn., and died there the 
same year. He married Dorothy, daughter of Rev. William Johnson, of Newburg, Mass., and of Wind- 
ham, N. H. They had two sons, William and " Won." John, born 1776. 

Hon. John Folsom, youngest son of Major David and Dorothy (Johnson) Folsom, was born in 
Tamworth, Mass., March 11, 1776; died in Chester, N. H., August 9, 1850. He was taken by his father 
to Harrisburg, Penn., in 17S8, and in 1792 returned with his mother and brother to Chester, where the 
two sons put up machinery for making nails by water power, in a building which their stepfather had 
used for a fulling mill. He continued in this business till 1805, when he became a contractor on the 

Londonderry Tuni])ikc, wyion which he built a jiub- 
/' ^^^^•'<■. lie house and became a popular landlord. He was 

^D|jB^'*^^*^\ elected State Senator, and was for years Judge of the 

^^^ '^JH^. Court of Coininon I'Kas. He married, first, December 251 

1808, Mehitabel Mclvin, who died without issue 1824; he 
married, second, Dorothy T., daughter of Lieut. Josiah 
Underhill. They had eight children, all born in that part 
of Chester now called Auburn : John, born 1826; Charles, 
born 1828; /Av/n', born 1829; George, born 1831 ; Rev. 
Arthur, born 1833; Richard, born 1835; Man*', born 
1836, married George R. Hodge. She died in Orange, 
N. J., Nov. 12, 1862, leaving Mary Folsom, who married, 
Dec. 10. 1884, Calyton Rockhill. 

Ill \K\ l"(M>iiM, third child of Hon. John and Me- 
hitabel (Melvin) Folsom, was born in Dcrry, N. H., 
( )ctober 27, 1829. He received a good academic educa- 
tion and was for some years clerk in a mercantile house. 
He went to St. Louis, Mo., about 1859, and engaged in 
the firearms business. This proved a most fortunate 
venture, for at the end of two years the Civil War broke 
out, and there was not only a demand for firearms but for 
V ■ _ every kind of military equipments. He established a 

branch in Chicago, which proved equally successful and 

was carried on until its destruction by the great fire of "71. 

MKNKY FOLSOM. Aftcr thc capturc of Memphis by the Federal Army in 




?28 



The Founders and Btilders of the Oranges. 



i<S62, he opened another branch in Memphis which lie placed in charge of his brother David. Some 
months later, after the capture of New Orleans, he opened another branch in that city. ATr. Folsom came 
East in 1867 and established his headquarters in New York City, the firm then being H.& D. Folsom. He 
continued in active business life until shortly before his death. Few men possess the business capacity to 
carry on such an extensive trade with all its ramifications as did Mr. Folsom. He weathered the various 
financial crisises and met promptly all his obligations. He was a man of inflexible purpose and strong 
determination of character, and in all his dealings held to that high standard of morality and business 
integrity which characterized the old merchants of New York. He made the most of his environment, 
and yet his success in life is clearly traceable to the sterling traits inherited from his worthy ancestors. 

Mr. I-"olsom came to Orange in about 1867. and from that time until' his death never ceased to labor 
for the benefit of his fellow-men and for the educational and moral adxancemcnt of the town. He was 
one of the founders of the Mendelssohn Society; was its first President, and did much to contribute to 
its success. He was not a mere figure-head, for he was excessively fond of music and hatl a well trained 
voice, having in his younger days received a good musical education. He conducted the music in Grace 
Episcopal Church and was of great assistance in the bene\-olent and other undertakings connected with 
the parish. He was much interested in the New England Society and active in promoting its objects. 
He was one of the original subscribers to the building fund of the Music Hall Association. When Mr. 
Folsom first came to Orange he built himself a house on Centre Street, where he resided for several 
years, and in 1878 he purchased the beautiful home in Llewellyn Park where he spent his latter days in 
peace and quietness until his death, which took place October 10, 1S87. He married Phcebe B. F. Titus, 
daughter of Jonah Titus and Nancy Colwell. He was the son of Jonah, son of Jonah, a descendant of 
Robert Titus, born in Hertfordshire, near London, in 1600 ; came to this country in 1635. The children 
of Henry and Phebe B. F. (Titus) Folsom were Henry, born November 4, 1859, ^"^ Eleanor Titus. 

Hknrv Thus Folsom, eldest child andonly son of Henry and Phoebe B. F. (Titus) Folsom. was 
born in St. Louis, Mo., November 4, 1859. He was prepared for college at St. Paul's School, Concord, 
N. H., and graduated at Yale in 1883. He entered his father's store in New York and subsequently 
acquired an interest in the business, taking the place of his father after the hitter's death. He purchased 
of the estate the home in Llewellyn Park which he greatly improved by additions antl interior decora- 
tions, the lower rooms being 
fittctl up in hardwood. He also 
purchased adjoining lantls, the 
estate now covering about 1 1 ( 
acres. He is fond of out-tloor 
sports and is a member of the 
Country Club, Orange l-'ield 
Club and other Orange societies, 
lie married Carolyn Saltus, 
daughter of Nicholas, son 
of Francis, son of Solomon 
Saltus, who came to this coun- 
try from Bermuda, in the latter 
jiart of the last century. Mrs. 
Saltus was born June 12, 1861, 
died July 16, 1890, leaving one 
son, Henry Lloyd Folsom. 



Wooni.AMi, the home of 
the late John Burke, is ajjpro- 
priately named, for it is in realit\- a park within a park 




WOODLAND, THE KKSUJENCK OF MRS. E. \V. Bl'RKE. 

anil from the noble mansion in the centre, one 



The Founders and Builders ok the Oranges. 



329 



ma>- l().)k in every direction ami see nothing but trees, with tlieir rich foliage of varied hues, shrubs and 
plants, springing up from beneath the smooth, velvety lawn, wiiile the almost endless variety of 
flowers dot the landscape here and there, exhaling their sweet perfume and making one long for 
continual sunshine and a never-ending summer. One may enter this little para.lise from any direc- 
tion, it being surrounded on every side by avenues and driveways— encircled by Linwood Way. 
Hloomfield Way and Glen Avenue. From either point of view a new and attractive picture is pre- 
sented. The house itself appears to front on every side; from the rear you look out upon a broad e.x- 
panse of well-kept lawn ; beyond this, a large home garden under the highest state of cultivation. 

Woodland, witii its extensive flower gardens, is not designed simply for summer use. The large 
conservatories of ferns and roses afford a constant supply for house decorations and home comforts, dur- 
ing the long months when everything in the open is wrapped in the icy folds of winter. Chief among 
the roses are the American Heaut\-, the Bride, the Pearl, the Mermaid, etc. 

The stately mansion, with its broad verandas, its high tower and its ample dimensions, are worthy 
of special mention. It is a solid brick structure— the design is a combination of the English and 

Italian, a pretty blending of both, the e.xterior being con- 
structed with a special view to light, ventilation and comfort 
within. The rooms are large and airy and fitted uj) with every 
modern convenience. The wall and ceiling decorations of each 
room are in perfect harmony with the rich upholstering and 
massive oak and walnut furniture. The floors on a part of 
the first story are inlaid hard wood, partly covered with Turk- 
ish mats and rugs of elaborate design and pattern. The rooms 
in the second story are luxuriously furnished, the coverings 
blending in color with the soft, mellow tints of the walls and 
ceilings. The artistic tasti- ami good judgment of its occu- 
pants are everywhere apparent, and nothing is lacking in the 
comforts and conveniences of a well-furnished home. 




STABLES AT WOODLAND. 



Evergreen Hill. This place, now the residence of Mrs. Francis Moulton, was formerly the 
property of Egbert Starr, one of the earliest settlers in the Park. It has manj' attracti\e features 
worthy of note. The entrance on Honeysuckle Avenue is by two wide driveways. The place is laid out 
mostly in lawn, with a variety of shade trees and evergreens. The place is enclosed by a serpentine 
hedge, formed of a variety of dwarf trees and shrubs. 



THE MUNN F-AHILY. 

The origin of the name of Munn is not definitelj- known, but it is doubtless of great antiquit)' as 
shown in the .Armorial Bearings of the English branch of the family, viz.: Anns. — Per chevron sable 
and or, in chief three bezants and in base a castle triple-towered of the first. Crist. — A de.xter arm in 
armor, holding a lion's paw erased ppr. ]\Iotto. — "Omnia vincit Veritas." — Truth conquers all things. 

Benjamin Mun, the American ancestor of this branch of the Munn famih-, was, in 1637, a resident 
of Hartford, Conn., but he removed to Springfield. Mass., in the same \ear. He joined John Mason's 
company in an expedition against the Pequots in 1637, and was at the attack on the fort at Groton, 
Conn., where several hundred Indians were slain. This expedition followed an attack made b\- the 
Indians upon Wethersfield, where many settlers were killed. In May, 1637, Mason set out with his fol- 
lowers and was joined by Uncas, chief of the Mohegans. The Pequot fort was a formidable affair, but 
it was surprised, stormed, and carried by assault, with terrible destruction of the natives, who never 
recovered from the blow inflicted. The remnant of the tribe were nearly annihilated not long afterwards 
in the swamp lands near Fairfield. Mason's company consisted of only sevcnty-se\-en Englishmen, while 
the savages numbered about ten times that number. As they were strongly entrenched behind almost 



330 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

impassible palisades, the Mohegan and Narragansett Indians that had joined the expedition deserted 
before the assault took place. Upon his return he received, with others, by "the town's courtessie," in 
1639, a grant of land on the east side of the "cow pasture lane," now known as North Main Street. 
He was the official "viewer of chimneys and ladders" in Springfield, the duties of which referred to pre- 
cautionary measures to prevent fires originating in the thatched roofs then universally used. In 1653 
he was fined the sum of five shillings " for taking tobacco in his haj'-cock." He married April 12, 1649, 
Abigail, daughter of Henry Burt, widow of Francis Ball, and took up his residence where now is located 
Court Square and the Chicopee Bank Building. The children of this union were: Abigail, borne y^ 28 of 
y* 4 mon, 16^0; John, borne y« 8 day of 12 mon, 1652; Mary, who married Nathaniel Wheeler; Benja- 
min, borne the first day of y" i mon, 1655; James, borne the loth day of 12 mon, 1656; Xnt/iaiiir!, 
borne the 25th of y'= 5 mon, 1661. In 1665, being very weak and aged, he "was exempted from mil- 
itary service." He died in November, 1675, and trailition lias it that he was killed by the Indians, 
although the details of his death are not recorded. 

Nathaniel, youngest child of Benjamin and Abigail Burt (Ball) Man, was born in Springfield, Mass., 
July 25, 1661. Married Sarah Chapin, daughter of Japhet Chapin, of Springfield, Mass., March 24, 
1689. They had seven children: Sarah, born September 10, 1692; Abigail, born April 9, 1696; 
Benjamin and Hannah, twins, born May 28, 1698 (Benjamin died June 2, 1698); Biiijciiniii, born August 
12, 1700; Samuel, born July 20, 1706; John, born January 24, 1708-9. "He was deacon of the First 
Church in Springfield ; dyed the 31st day of December, Adomi, 1743, in the 63d year of his age." 

Benjamin Mun, son of Nathaniel and Sarah (Chapin) Mun, was born August 12, 1700. Married, 
December 30, 1731, Rebecca Russell, daughter of Adonijah Russell, of Brimfield, Mass., and had issue, 
Benjamin, born Oct. 8, 1732; Joseph, born May i, 1734; Abner. born July 28, 1736; Abigail, born Sept. 
14, 1739; Riiilhii, born April 25, 1742; Rebekah, born Dec. 1 i, 1745 : Mary, born Oct. i, 1749; Jeremy, 
born April 11, 1754. In 1715 the new settlement of Brimfield was opened up. and \-oung Benjamin, 
together with ten others, became the original proprietors of the new township. In 1760 the part of 
Brimfield in which Benjamin resided was set apart as a separate township under the name of Monson. 
"On petition of Benja. Munn, X'oted to abate the Ilighwa\- Rates of those Soldiers in the Continental 
service the year past." i^See records of Monson, June 24, 1776.) 

Reuben Munn, son of Benjamin and Rebecca (Russell) Munn, was born April 25, 1742; marrieil 

Hannah , and had issue, Alfred, born October 29, 1769; John, born Januar\- 17, 1771 ; Flizah, born 

September 7, 1772; Julius, born February 9, 1774; A'/Vc, born May 17, 1776; Cyrene, born November 
12, 1777; Pamela, born April 13, 1780; Fidelia, born June 17, 1783; Oral, born August 6, 1785; L'lyses, 
born July 14, 1788. Widow Hannah Munn died at Monson, Mass., October 4, 1823, aged eighty years. 
It was he who, when on June 24, 1776, the town passed a vote as to the attitude the town should 
take in relation to joining the Continental forces, made the following record on the minutes of the 
town meeting, viz.: " Voted unanimously for Indipency." At the time of the Alarm Roll Call, pre- 
vious to the battle of Lexington, he formed a company and marched, on April 19, 1775, to Cambridge, 
where he reported for service. His name appears with the rank of "Captain in the Lexington Alarm 
Roll of Capt. Reuben Munn's Company." He served under Gen. Gates at Ticonderoga, and in 177S 
was raised by ballot of the House of Representatives to the rank of Second Major of the First Regi- 
ment in Hampshire County, and finally was raised to the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel of the F"irst Berk- 
shire County Regiment. He was instrumental in suppressing the disorders arising at the close of the 
war, and he formed a company, which he marched to the front at the time of Shay's Rebellion. How- 
ever distressing the condition of the revolutionists may have been, and however serious their grievances, 
he had no sympathy for those who endeavored to redress their wrongs by taking up arms against their 
country. 

Rice Munn, son of Reuben and Hannah Munn, was born May 17, 1776; died March 12, 1866. Mar- 
ried Lavina Shaw, of Monson ; born Nov. 19, 1778; she died April 15, 1867. They had five children, 
viz.: Pamelia, born May 9, 1803, died Aug. 22, 1880; Oril, born July 29, 1807, died July 16, 1891 ; Ada- 



Thk Founders and Builders of the Oran(;es. 



33" 



line, born March ii, iSi i, died Au-,'. 31, 1894; Rice Sliaw, born Oct. 17, 1S14. died February 15. 1890; 

Orson Pisnix, born June 11. 1824. Rice exemplified the sterling' qualities ..f the Puritan stock from 

wliich he was tlescendetl. and was upright and honest in all his dealings with his fellowmen, a true friend, 

a good father and husband. <ind a man of _ . 

more than average ability. He never as- 

pireil to great worldly we. ilth, but like the 

good parson ()liver Goklsmith describes 

in his poem, " The Desertctl Village," 

" he was passing rich on foit)' pound.s a 

\-car." It would be true to say of him, 

" he was one of nature's noblemen." 

Orson Dksaix Munn, youngest son 
of Rice and Levina (Shaw) Munn, was 
born in Monson, Mass., and was educated 
at Monson Academy, an institution which 
had more than a local reputation, young 
men from distant sections of the country 
being attracted by its superior educational 
facilities. Soon after reaching the age of 
twenty-one years he was informed by an 
old school companion, Alfred E. Beach, 
(at thai time engaged with bis father in 
the publication of the New York Sun), of 
a good opening for business. He started 
at once for New York Cit\', anil, to- 
gether with his friend Beach, purchased 
for a few hundred dollars the Sciiiitijic 
American plant, the publication having 
been founded a few months before by 
Rufus Porter. The co-partnership of 
Munn & Co., was formed in 1846, and 

was continued without interruption up to January i, 1S96, when Mr, Beach passed away, necessitating 
the conversion of the old firm into a corporation, which is still conducted under the original firm 
name, Munn & Co., and without change of management. 

It is seldom that a young man's first business venture continues with uninterrupted success for 
half a century, but Mr. Munn proved to be w-ell adapted to his calling. His tastes and inclinations all 
ran in this direction, and under his management the Scientific American and the other publications 
issued from the ofifice of Munn & Co., have acquired influence and standing. 

Immediately after Mr. Munn and his partner, Mr. Alfred E. Beach, assumed control of the paper, 
they established an agency "for the soliciting of patents" for inventors, not only in the United States, 
but in all foreign countries. This branch of their 'ousiness became at once an important adjunct to the 
publication of the Scientific American, and continues to this day a most important branch of Munn & 
Co.'s business. Mr. Munn was thus brought professionally into contact with many of the most distin- 
guished inventors and thinkers of the last half century. Among such who may be mentioned as having 
been specially instrumental in the early industrial development of this country, are Morse, Erics.son, 
Eads, Howe, Wilson, Stevens, Cooper, Ma.\im, Gatlin, Woodworth, Blanchard, McCormick and a host 
of others. 

In his desire to escape the turmoil of the city, it was eminently fitting that Llewellyn 
Park, the suburban paradise of the metropolij, should become the summer home of the still active 




OKSO.N DESAIX MINN. 



332 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



publisher and world-wiiie known patent attorney. Some thirty years ago I\Ir. Munn purchased a large 
plot in the Park, which he has made to "blossom like tiic rose." He has a large and tasteful villa 
fronted by a well-kept lawn, and the grounds were laid out to correspond with the natural elevation of the 
land and the topography of the country. The nine terraces rise one above another, each covered with 

a variety of plants and 
flowers, inspiring the be- 
holder with the thought, 
as he attempts to as- 
cend, that he is truly 
"stepping hea\enward." 
Mr. Munn's ])osses- 
sions in the Park com- 
prise si.xty acres, and in 
addition to this he has 
a large farm on tlie top 
of the mountain, where 
lie is engaged in raising 
a breed of cattle hither- 
to but little known in 
this country. They are 
the Dutch belted or 
blanket breed of cows, 
natives of Holland, and 
though in appearance 
they resemble the Hol- 
steins.yet are a distant 
family, antedating the 
seventeenth century, 
when the cattle in- 
terests in Holland were in a thrift}- condition and this type and color were established by scien- 
tific breeding. Their form is usually very fine and their hardy and vigorous constitutions enable 
them to stand sudden changes in the climate and thrive on any variety of fodder. Mr. Munn has been 
very successful in raising this breed of cattle and is proud of the result which has attended the exhibition 
of his stock every autumn at State and County fairs. Mr. Munn married Julia Augusta Allen, August 
15, 1849. She died October 26, 1894, leaving two sons, who are associated with their father in the 
publication of the Scientific American and the patent department of this office. 




KESIDENCK OF ORSON DESAIX MUNN. 



TllK Cosy LriTl.K Coi TAGE located near the intersection of Park Way with Oak Bend, the 
residence of W. I', (larrison, son of William Lloj-d Garrison, is just the place an artist and a lover of 
nature would select for a home. It was built by the late Edward W. Nichols, a landscape painter of 
repute, and its construction is partly determined by his vocation, since the largest room in the house he 
designed for his studio. It was built about i860 and passed from him to the late James Miller McKim, 
the father-in-law of Mr. Garrison, who occupied it in 1866. The style of architecture is English Gothic, 
simple and unpretentious, and well adapted to the location. A row of trees, extending from Park Way 
to Oak Bend, fqrms, with the intersection of these two driveways, a perfect triangle, the cottage being 
the central figure in the triangular framework. There are some fine specimens of the native forest trees 
— the chestnut, oak, dogwood and maple being dominant. A row of evergreens along the two avenues 
planted by the original proprietors, have attained a great height and add much to the beauty of the place. 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 333 

The southern prospect, which was formerly extensive, iias been nearly cut off by the growth of trees 
and the interposition of other houses. Owing to the central location and picturesque surroundings, it 
forms a \cr\- ornamental feature of the Park. 

Bi.YTHELE.V, at present owned and occupied by Mr. V. E. Martin, was for many years the residence 
of his father, the late C. J. Martin, one of the early settlers of the I'ark. It adjoins that of "Castle- 
wood," fronting on Mountain Avenue. It has all the advantages of location, magnificent views and 
beautiful surroundings, possessed by many others in the Park, and in addition contains points of interest 
not common to the others. It has most of the varieties of forest trees which have been thinned out so 
as to form a beautiful grouping in front, presenting a very picturesque appearance. On the mountain 
side, above the house, is a never failing spring which flows into a reservoir with a capacity of 36,000 
gallons, and affords an abundant supply of pure, fresh water for the whole place. The house is modeled 
somewhat in the st_\le of the Italian villa and is so arranged as to utilize every foot of room to the best 
possible advantage. 

C.VSlLKWooi). This is one of the chief attractions of Llewellyn Park. It is fitly named — a castle 
in the woods. The visitor to the Park, after passing along a winding road amid a forest of trees, is 
brought suddenly into a forest of flowers. The first effect is startling. Pausing for a moment and 
turning sharply to the right on Mountain Avenue, he is brought face to face with a vine-covered stone 
castle, a relic of the middle ages. Glancing to the right, he sees imbedded in the side of a high embank- 
ment, in large letters and formed of a bright, dwarf bedding plant known as the Altcrnautlura, the words, 
"C.VSTI.E Wood." Looking toward the east, a magnificent view is presented to the eye; the tall spires 
of the churches rising from the valley below, the city of Newark beyond, and in the distance Brooklyn 
Bridge, Brooklyn Heights, New York and the Narrows. 

The location of Castlewood cannot be excelled. Everything that could add to its natural beauty 
has been done by its present owner, Mr. Spaulding. The building was erected soon after the Park was 
laid out, by Mr. Joseph Howard. It was never completed according to the original design, the cost 
having far exceeded the expectation of its owner. 

Ellerslik, the home of the late D. L. Wallace, is bounded by Linwood, Long Branch and Mountain 
avenues, with a frontage of about 1,500 feet on the east side of Mountain Avenue. With the exception 
of a little opening near the house, the place is wholly enclosed with a double row of spruce trees, which 
partially conceals the house and shuts off the view of the beautiful grounds within. The lovely brick 
cottage, with its attractive (iothic windows, looks very inviting to the stranger whose curiosity is 
wrought up to the highest pitch, and a desire awakened to penetrate the evergreen barriers and roam at 
will among the trees and flowers. 

The house faces south, looking out on lawn and fields and a grove of pine trees. The ele\ation at 
this point is several hundred feet above the Orange Valley and, in a clear atmosphere, a view of at least 
fifty miles in extent toward the east and south is obtained. At the rear of the house lies an old- 
fashioned garden, with gravel walks leading to a rustic summer-house overgrown with wisteria. Beyond 
this are apple orchards with smaller fruits and vegetables in between. The spacious lawns on three 
sides of the house are varied by shrubbery and fine old trees. A group of beautiful copper beeches, a 
large silver maple and a fine primated beech are the most noticeable trees near the house. Two large 
lindens stand on either side of the entrance. Throughout the grounds are many beautiful varieties of 
pine and spruce trees, while the chestnut, butternut, oak and hickory give it the appearance of a prime- 
val forest. 

The Old English Home, fronting on Glen Avenue, built by Henry B. .\uchincIoss, with its 
delightful surroundings, leaves nothing to be desired, either in the house or grounds, all being in perfect 
harmony. To the beautiful forest trees, which adorned the place originally, he added a large number 



334 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



of spruce, pines and other varieties of evergreens, wliich have added nuich to the general beauty and 
attractiveness of the Park. By making an excellent driveway of his own. uhicli he has thrown open to 
the public, he has made his place accessible to the main entrance. The house is brick and frame, shingled 
on the outside above the first storv-. It is large, roomy and well built, faultless in design, the work of 
McKim, Mead & White. Five or six of the neighboring cottages, designed by the late 11. Hudson 
Holly, which added so much to the general appearance of the Park, were erected by Mr. .Auchincloss. 

Hoi,i,V(j.\KS, the residence of Mr. Richard M. Colgate, adjoining that of Mr. Auchincloss, is prettily 
located, affording a fine view of the surrounding country for a great distance. The first story is of 
rubied brown stone ; the second is frame, with shingled roof. The grounds are tastefully arranged and 
add to the attractiveness of that portion of the Park. 

Gl.KN.MONT, the home of Thomas Edison, the inventor, is situated between Park Way and Honey- 
suckle Avenue. The house is a combination of brick, stone and wood. Dixon, in his " Life of Edison," 
describes it as " refreshingly independent of architectural rules, it yet presents a wealth of fancy, which 
brings into view at every turn unguessed and delicious surprises. It abounds in gabled roofs, pictur- 
esque nooks and angles, carved balconies and mellow sheets of stained glass, the whole set in a 
panorama of rare shrubs, floral arabesques and beds of emerald velvet, the brilliant coloring of which is 
thrown in broad relief by a background of sombre pines." The extensive grounds contain specimens of 
the ornatum, the weeping red-cut leaved Japan maple, several specimens of the weeping birch, the 
American and Japan Judas trees, fern-leaved and weeping beech, double red-flowering cheiry, purple- 
lea\'ed or copper beech, weeping European larch, purple-leaved oak, golden-oak, guyko or maiden-hair 
tree, white-leaved European linden, camperdown weeping elm, several varieties of spruce, Hudson's Bay 

silver fir, Colorado 
blue spruce, heath- 
like Japan cypress, 
thread-branched re- 
tinospora, Japanese 
umbrella tree, golden 
yew, etc. 

In his descrip- 
tion of the interior, 
Mr. Dixon says : 
•• The hall, after the 
fashion of English 
manors, is luxurious- 
ly furnished. Red 
mahogany, cunning- 
ly wroiigiit, enters 
into the composition 
of the floor, walls 
and ceiling, affording 
an effective back- 
ground for the glow- 
ing Eastern fabrics 
which abound. Mr. 
Edison's ' den,' back 
of the hall, contains 

the large collection of gifts from the crowned heads of Europe and other celebrities; gold medals of 
merit from the various' expositions, in recognition of his wonderful achievements in electrical inventions. 




GLEN.MO.Sr, KEblLIENCF. OF THOMAS EDISON. 



TlIK FoUNDKUS AND Hl'lI.DHKS OK TlIK GRANGES. 335 

Edison's purchase of Glenmont constituted a ten days" wonder to those accjuainted witii his lou-^li-and- 
tunible ways and his utter disreijard of luxury. Tiiat a nature whose domestic reciuirements liad iiitherto 
been met by the most prosaic of surroundings, should suddenly develop a necessity f"r the very 
blossoming of asthetic art, was, indeed, calculated to excite popular comment, but the inventor's selec- 
tion was universalh" commended as a suitable shrine for his young and lovely wife." 

Thomas Edison is unquestionably the greatest inventor, if not the greatest man, of the present age; 
his reputation is world-wide. His power over the elements of nature is almost boundless. |-"ranklin 
drew the lightening from the heavens ; it was harnessed by Morse, and made the instrument of com- 
munication between man and man in every part of the known world ; it was left to Edison, however, to 
guide and direct its course, to make it subservient to his own will, and to apply the electric force to pur- 
poses never before dreamed of. His scientific discoveries have placed him foremost among modern 
scientists, while his inventions have effected a revolution in almost every branch of industry, and have 
added millions to the wealth of this and other countries. His inventions have ceased to excite wonder 
or astonishment, for nothing is considered too great or too difficult for his fertile brain. 

Mr. Edison began life at the bottom of the ladder, and has risen, wholly independent of inviron- 
ment or aid from other sources than those which originated in his own brain. He was born in Alva, 
Ohio, February ii, 1847. His mother, who had been a teacher, gave him the little schooling he re- 
ceived, and at the age of twelve he became a newsboy on the Grand Trunk line, running into Detroit. 
While thus engaged he started the Grand Trunk Herald, which he sold with his other papers. He 
witnessed the operations of the telegraph at the different stations, and became interested in the work. 
A station-master, whose child he had rescued in front of a coming train, at the risk of his own life, 
taught him telegraph operating. He became a devoted student of, and made many improvements in 
electric science. W'liile employed as an operator he invented an automatic repeater, by means of which 
a message could be transferred from one wire to another without the aid of an operator; and in 1864 
conceived the idea of sending two messages at once over the same wire, which led to his experiments in 
duplex telegraphy. This he subsequently perfected. In 1871 he became superintendent of the New 
York Gold and Stock Company, inventing the printing telegraph for gold and stock quotations. He 
subsequently established a large workshop at Newark, N. J., removing in 1876 to Menlo Park, at which 
place some of his most important inventions were perfected. His system of duplex telegraphy he 
developed into quadruplex and sextuplex transmission. 

With the use of this harmonic multiplex telegraph, the principle of electric selection has been carried 
so fast in it, that as many as sixteen messages have been sent at once over a single wire. He invented 
the carbon telephone transmitter, used by nearly all the telephones throughout the world. His phonoplex 
system of telegraphy did for way-station work what the quadruplex did for trunk-line work. This sys- 
tem of railway telegraph made possible the sending of telegraphic messages to and from moving railway 
cars without a metallic circuit connection. The messages are conveyed by induction to a conductor ex- 
tending along the line of the railway. Another of Mr. Edison's inventions is what is known as the 
pyromagnetic generator, the object of which is to produce electricity direct from the heat energy of coal 
or other fuel without the intervention of a steam engine or other prime motor. This apparatus is con- 
structed upon the principle that the capacity of iron for magnetism decreases at a high heat. 

After years of experimenting, Mr. Edison solved the problem of electric lighting by perfecting the 
incandescent lamp, .'\fter perfecting a device for a lamp with a platina burner, he adapted a filament 
of carbon of high resistance, enclosed in a glass chamber, from which the air was almost completely ex- 
hausted. He also solved the problem of the commercial subdivision of the light in a system of general 
distribution of electricity, like gas, and in December, 1879, gave a public exhibition in Menlo Park of a 
complete system of electric lighting. This was the first instance of sub-division of the electric light, and 
created great interest throughout the world, especially as scientific experts had testified before a com- 
mittee of the English House of Commons in the jjrevious year that such a sub-division was impossible. 
While working at this there were nearly, or quite 3,000 theories and series of experiments investigated ; 



336 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

experts were sent to all parts of the globe in search of fibres that could be utilized for the manufacture 
of carbon filaments, and the exhaustless zeal and dogged perseverance with which the great inventor 
pushed his researches day and iiiyht, scarcely taking time for eating or sleeping, continued unabated 
till at last his labors were crowned with success, and the incandescent lamp, practicalh- perfect, was ready 
for the market. It is this resistless, rushing, burning intensity of purpose, combined with a bull-dog 
tenacity of grip and determination to reach the end desired, at all hazards, that has contributed very 
largely to the success of Mr. Edison in his work. 

The phonograph, which is one of the crowning wonders of the life of the great electrician, was 
invented by him in 1877. Mr. Edison was the very first to apply the induction coil to the transmission 
of speech. The motograph receiver, generally known as the " loud speaking telephone," is an invention 
by which the voice from a telephone can be received with such power as to be readilj' heard by a large 
audience. The telephonograph is, as the name implies, an arrangement by which a telephonic com- 
munication from a distance can be recorded on the phonograph and reproduced at will, l^y the mega- 
phone, which was invented by Mr. Edison during his acoustic researches, it is claimed that under favor- 
able conditions, conversation, in an ordinary tone of voice, has been carried on over a distance of two 
miles, without the aid of connecting wires or any other medium than the air. 

In the tasimeter Mr. Edison has made an exceedingly sensitive machine for measuring slight de- 
grees of heat. This is done by the employment of the principle of the varying electrical resistance of 
carbon in connection with the expansion of hard rubber under the influence of heat. It is so arranged 
that the expansion of a strip of hard rubber increases the pressure on a carbon button, and this increase 
of pressure is at once registered by a galvanometer. It is so sensitive to heat that the heat of a person's 
hand sensibl)- affects the instrument at the distance of thirty feet, and by means of this instrument the 
heat given off by some of the planets and fixed stars has been successfully measured. In this same line 
is the odoroscope, which is constructed on the same principle, but has for its object the measureinent of 
the amount of moisture in the air. 

The electro dynamo was, to a certain extent, a completed invention, when Mr. Edison took up his 
work, and its general principles and details of construction were well understood by experts; but Mr. 
Edison at once began to make experiments, that have well nigh revolutionized the manner of building 
dynamos. He was the first one to design large steam dynamos, and in 1881 he built a dynamo that 
weighed twenty-seven tons, and of which the armature was built of massive bars of copper instead of 
wires. This dynamo has been exhibited at all the great exhibitions since that time, and is acknowledged 
to be one of the gieatest feats of modern science. 

Among Mr. Edison's inventions is the kinetoscope, designed to exhibit pictures of various objects 
in motion, the idea being to show all the movements of the object without any perceptible break in the 
picture. Attempts have been made by others to accomplish this, but Mr. Edison was the first to give to 
the public a perfect machine. To accomplish this it is necessary to make from 1,200 to 3,000 impres- 
sions or pictures per minute, according to the character of the subject, to properly exhibit the move- 
ments or changes of the object. The negatives for these pictures are taken by an apparatus which Mr. 
Edison calls the kinetograph, in which a transparent sensitized film, in the form of a long, narrow tape, 
is moved at a very high rate of speed, behind a camera lens and an inter\eniiig rapidl\- mox-iiig shutter. 
The mechanism which moves the tape is provided with a stop mechanism for positively arresting the 
forward movement when the tape is exposed by the shutter, and for giving the proper periods of ex- 
posure in inexposure. The negatives are reproduced upon long transparent tapes for use in exhibiting 
machines. A very large number of the machines are in public use, and for some time past have been 
combined with the phonograph. These machines are manufactured at Mr. Edison's works at Orange, 
New Jersey. 

The fiuoroscope and fluorescent lamp are the result of Mr. Edison's investigation of the X-rays. 
By the use of this device the objects which had previously to be photographed can now be seen directly. 
This device is a flaring bo.x, having a pasteboard bottom, over the inside of which is a layer of tungstate 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 337 

of calcimii, which becomes fluorescein iiiulor the influence of the X-rays. The top of the box is provided 
with a curved siijht, opening like a stereoscope, and the edges are padded so as to fit closely and exclude 
all light. The fluorescent electric lamp is a vacuum tube, covered with a layer of tungstatc of calcium, 
which becomes highly fluorescent and gives off a pure white light when the vacuum tube is excited by 
oscillating waves of electricity. 

Most of Mr. Edison's inventions are patented in the United States and foreign countries, although 
he has given to the public a large number of inventions and discoveries which were never patented. In 
the United Stales he has filed nearly one thousand applications for letters-patent, and up to date 732 
patents have been issued for his inventions. In foreign countries, including the principal European 
countries, Canada, India, Australian colonies, New Zeland, Tasmania, Natal, Ceylon and Cape of Good 
Hope, over 750 patents have been issued for his inventions. 

While noting the successful experiments of Mr. Edison, the press frequently referred to him as 
'• The Wi/.ard of Menlo Park." He achieved some of his greatest successes in his laboratory at that place. 
He continued there for some years, when he removed to New York City. Soon after purchasing his 
beautiful home in Llewellyn Park, Mr. Edison concluded that it would be more convenient to have his 
laboratory and workshop near his home, and in 1887 li<^ purchased the property on the corner of Valley 
Road and Lakeside Avenue, on which he erected substantial brick buildings, conveniently arranged for 
his work. The main building, three stories high, contains on the first floor a magnificent library, 
elegantly furnished in hard wood. It is proviiied with galleries and alcoves, by which the upper tiers 
of book-shelves are reached, these shelves running from the floor to the ceiling, being filled with valuable 
works on electricity and kindred subjects. Near the centre of the library is Mr. Edison's private desk, 
which is connected by electric bells and speaking tubes with every part of the several buildings. In the 
rear of the library, on the first floor, is the store-room. This is a veritable museum, or, rather, it is a 
combination of museum, iron-mongers shop, drug-house and tinware establishment. It would be diffi- 
cult to enumerate the various articles in this room. There are skins, hair, horns, hoofs, teeth of almost 
every known domestic and wild animal, including tusks of elephants, hide of rhinoceros and hippo- 
potamus, horn of antelope, antler of deer, shark's teeth, llama's wool, and specimens of other beasts. 
There is also almost every known variet}' of grain and cereals, fishes from all quarters of the globe, the 
rarest and most costly of drugs and chemicals, ore of gold, silver, copper, tin, etc , flour, sugar and other 
commodities, as well as iron and tinware, are found in the collection. All these are made use of by Mr. 
Edison in his various experiments. On the second story of this building are a number of small rooms, 
used by Mr. Edison's assistants in making experiments, conducting researches, etc., under his direction. 
There is a well-equipped photograph gallery, and a room devoted to the displa\- of Mr. Edison's inven- 
tions in the telegraph and telephone. To the north of the main building is a long, low. one-story brick 
structure, known as the galvenometer building. It is filled with the most delicately adjusted instru- 
ments for measuring electric currents; and one peculiarity of the structure is that there is not a particle 
of iron or steel in its construction, all the nails, nuts and screws being of copper. North of this building 
are the chemical rooms, where experiments are made. A short distance east of the laboratory is another 
cluster of brick and frame buildings, which form the Edison Phonograph Works. 

.Mr. Edison, while living in Orange, is not of it. He is too much absorbed in his inventions to give 
society or other alT.iirs much attention. He is well represented, however, by Mrs. Edison, who mingles 
freely in society and is active in benevolent and other works. She is popular with ail classes. 

Other residents of the Park, from whom the writer failed to obtain data for a description, have, 
most of them, very attractive homes. Among these are the I'lummer, Sedgwick, Woodhull, Worth, 
Sayre, West and other places, each possessing interesting features. 



338 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



RESIDENCES ON THE NORTHFIELD ROAD. 

Although the old Northfield Road, which winds around the south side of the mountain, iiad been 
an important thoroui^hfare for a century or more, it was not until early in the sixties that any of the 
land adjacent thereto was made use of for suburban residences. Mr. Toombs and Mr. Davis Collamore 
were the first and only ones to build on the mountain slope above the old .Simeon Harrison homestead, 
which faces the bend of the road where the ascent begins. 




FRONT VIEW OF RESIDENCE OF OLIVER S. CAKTEK. 



MOUNTAINSIDK, the home of 
Oliver S. Carter, lying along the 
Northfield Road, directly opposite 
Mutton Park, is, as the name indi- 
cates, on the side of the mountain. 
It is a broad, level plateau, elevated 
at a considerable height abo\'e the 
surrounding country, appearing as if 
nature had designed this si)ot as a 
resting place for the weary traveler 
on his journey to the mountain tojj. 
The entrance is by a broad, winding 
driveway, opening into the North- 
field Road. The little brown-stone 
lodge near the entrance, ard the 
view therefrom, conveys the idea of 
a private park, and everything within 
the enclosure increases that impres- 
sion. A row of maples, of compara- 
tive recent growth, extends along 
the east and north sides, and on the 

south is a little forest of oak, chestnut and dogwood trees, which were e\idently spared the destruction 

of the woodman's axe by the original 
jiroprietor. The north side of the 
house, for some distance, is protected 
from the cold northwest winds by a 
row of tall Norway spruce set closely 
together. The brown-stone mansion, 
set in the centre of this minature park, 
is a picture in itself, and forms a very 
pretty setting in the framework of 
nature. The brown or red sand stone 
ill this, as well as the outbuildings, was 
.dl taken from the quarry some five 
luiiulred feet west of the house. The 
-|uarry nou- forms a terrace, and is 
i-ntirely concealed under a verdure of 
lawn and shrubs of various kinds. 
Along the ravine beneath flows a lit- 
tle rivulet of ])ure, sparkling water, 
meandering down the mountainside 
sii>E VIEW OF RESIDENCE OF OLIVER s. CARTER. from out of a feservolr, kept constantly 





OLIVER S. CARTER. 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 339 

filled from a never-failing spring, which affords an abundant sujiply of clear, cold water for every 
building on the place. Along the front of the house is a row of beautiful silver maples; the Australian 
pine, the Norway spruce and other evergreens are planted on either side. The usual variety of shrubs 
and flowers form a pretty contrast to the bright green foliage of the trees, and add effectiveness to the 
picture. The vegetable gardens in the rear of the house, together with the fine-bearing fruit trees, are 
inclosed in borders of bo.x, while a hedge of arbor vita; in the rear conceals the stable and other out- 
buildings. 

The sixteen acres, with tlic improvements, were purchased by Mr. Carter of Mr. Toombs in 1877; 
these, together with the ten acres purchased later by Mr. Carter, form a part of the old Simeon 
Harrison farm, once famous for its apple orchards, with their rich yield of Jersey cider and applejack. 
The stump of an old apple tree is all that is now left as a reminder of its former greatness. " Mountain- 
side," however, has become famous through the grand social entertainments given by tlie present ])ro- 
prietor and his wife ,uiil (LuiglUcr, who iiave endeared themselves to the people of Orange by their many- 
acts of kintlncss and generous hospitality. 

THE CARTER FAHILY. 

Jacob Carter, the Connecticut ancestor of the family, is said to have removed from Southold, L. I., 
to Branford, Conn., and to have married at the latter place, Dorcas Tyler, Dec. 4, 1712. He removed 
later to Southington, Conn. He had, among other children, a son .A^cc/'. 

Jacob Carter (2), son of Jacob { 1 1 and Dorcas (Tyler) Carter, was born Nov. 26, 1716. He married 
Mary, daughter of Stephen Barnes, of Branford, and had a son Itliicl. 

Ithiel Carter, son of Jacob (2) and Mary (Barnes) Carter, was born in Southington, Conn., Aug. i, 
'753- He served in tlie War of the Revolution as Sergeant, in Captain Sizer's company, of Middletown, 
Conn., attached to the Regiment of " Artificers," commanded by Jeduthan Baldwin, " Col. of Engineers 
and Lieut. Col. Comd't of Artificers." The regiment was at Brandy wine, Germantown, Monmouth and 
other fields. Ithiel Carter married Lois, daughter of Eliakim Deming, of Southington, and had issue, 
Lucy, Hernias and other children. 

Hermas Carter, second child of Ithiel and Lois (Deming) Carter, was born in Southington, Conn., 
in 1782. He married Hannah Booth, daughter of Joseph Booth, of Berlin, Conn., born at Lnfield, 
Conn., Aug. 30, 1770; died at Berlin. Sept. 9, 1846. He was the son of Joseph, of Enfield, born there 
Oct. 28, 1736; died 1810. He .served in the French and Indian War, and in the Revolutionary War; 
was ensign in Capt. John Simmon's company, Terry's Regiment ; marched from Connecticut " for the 
Relief of Boston in the Lexington Alarm," April, 1775 : was private in Eighth Company, Col. Watcr- 
bury's Fifth Connecticut Regiment ; later was ensign in Seventh Company, Col. Walcott's Regiment, 
" Connecticut Line ;" was Second Lieut, of Second Company, Col. Sage's Connecticut Regiment, Wads- 
worth Brigade. Joseph Booth was the son of Joseph and Sarah (Chandler) Booth, of Enfield, (born 
1710); he was the son of Zcchdria/i, of Enfield, born about 1666; a large land-holder; representative to 
the General Court, at Boston, several times: he was the son of Simeon, of Enfield, born in Maine, 1641 ; 
received a grant of thirty five acres of land in 16S0; came to Enfield 16S0, married Rebecca Frost ; son 
of Robert, of Saco, Me.; born in England, 1602 ; died at Saco, 1673; was very prominent in the latter 
place; descend.mt of William de Booth, of County Lancaster, England, living in 1275. The motto 
borne on the Arms was, " Qiioii ero spero " — " 1 hope that I shall be." 

Oliver Stanley Cakter, son of Hermas and Hannah t^Booth) Carter, was born in New Hartford, 
Litchfield County, Conn. He had no other educational advantages than those afforded by the common 
school of his native town, but he made the most of his opportunities and laid the foundation for a suc- 
cessful business career. He came to New York City in 1845 and obtained a position with the grocery 
firm of Cevell & Whitlock. His connection with this firm, including the various changes that have taken 
place, covers a period of half a century. This is one of the very few business houses which has survived 
the several crises of that period, and to the present head of the firm of Carter, Macy & Co. is due. in no 



340 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



small deo^ree, the credit of its continuous and almost unprecedented success. Mr. Carter is one of the 
oldest and most prominent of the down-town merchants. He is connected with various other business 
enterprises, in some of which he exercises a controUing influence. He was for many years a director, 
and later Vice-President, of the Bank of the RepubHc. and in 1892 he succeeded John J. Knox as Presi- 
dent. He is a director in the Home Insurance Company, the Standard (ias Company, and other busi- 
ness organizations. 

Mr. Carter was for many years a resident of Brooklyn Heights, and during that time was connected 
with the First Presbyterian Church of Brooklyn. He moved to Orange in 1862 and bought a house on 
Main Street, where he resided until 1 S77, when he purchased his present property on the Northfield 
Road. On coming to Orange Mr. Carter united with the P'irst Presbyterian Church. As an elder he 
has been faithful and earnest in guiding its spiritual interests; as trustee he has rendered efficient aid in 
the management of its temporal affairs, and the benevolent work of the church he has supported with a 
liberal hand. As a public spirited citizen Mr. Carter has done his full share to further every important 
enterprise for the advancement of public interests and for the benefit of his neighbors. The first meet- 
ing for the organization of the New ICngland Society was held at his house, and frequent meetings of 
the society were held there until a suitable hall was provided. Mr. Carter has been one of its councilors 
and Vice-President. 

Mr. Carter has been twice married. His first wife was Miss Elizabeth Hyde Coley, of New Haven, 
daughter of John H. Coley, a prominent merchant of New Haven, a descendant of Samuel Coley, 
the American ancestor of the family. By this marriage Mr. Carter had four children. He married, 
secondly, Miss Isis Yeterbide Potter, daughter of the late Mr. William WOodburn Potter, of Washing- 

^^'"' THE COLLAMORE FAMILY. 

Davis Collamore, the only representative of his family name in the Oranges, was contemporaneous 
with Haskell, Marcy, Tomes, and other enterprising men, who cleared the mountain forests of West 
Orano-e. making there a series of refined suburban homes. " Bclhurst," Mr. Collamore's beautiful coun- 
try seat, with its gracefully sloping lawns, grand old forest trees, and its wealth of flowers and shrubs. 
will ever be associated with memories 
of its owner, whose creative genius 
and love of nature enabled him to 
emphasize the natural beauties of the 
location, so that it yielded the largest 
measure of pleasure to the many who 
were permitted to enjoy his genial 
hospitality. Mr. Collamore was an 
exemplitication of that rare develop- 
ment of qualities which, through suc- 
cessive generations, had characterized 
the family as one of marked influence 
in its ilay. 

In early Colonial records the name 
is variously spelled — Colh'more, Col- 
more, CoUymer, Collmer, etc. It is 
derived from Colline, a small mound 
or hill. From the description of the 
arms, given in Burke's General Arm- 
ory, it would appear that the family 
came from France, and the in.scription on the shield indicates that its members were among the bold 
crusaders who followed the fortunes of Richard Coeur de Lion, and were knighted for brilliant achieve- 




KNTRANCE TO RESIDENCE OK DAVIS COI.I.AMOkE. 



The Founders and lini.ni'.Ks dk the Oranges. 



34" 



ments. The fust of the family name mciitioiicd in the liistory '>( I'lymoutli Colony, is that <>f I'etcr 
C(>ll\-moie, who secured a grant of land at Scitiiate, Mass., in 1639, and whose home, " Hrook Hall," on 
the "Third Herring Brook," was on the direct road to Scituatc Harbour. He was also an ori|{inal pro- 
prietor at Seconset, now Little Compton. I'eter became a freem.m in 1643, ■'"'i having no chililrcn he 
sent to Europe for his nejjhews, William Hlacknu)re (soon afterwards killed by the Indians), and An- 
thony Collymore. By will, dated in 1684, Peter provided for " wife Mary, one-third of the income of my 
estates,'" also for children of William l?lackmore, and then to his nephew Anthony all other property. 

Capt. Anthony CoUamore, was a ])rominent citizen, always taking part in military, civil and ecclesi- 
astical affairs of his town. In iT/xi he married Sarah, twin daughter of Isaac Chittenden, several times 
deputy from Scituate, member of the Council of War, etc. Anthony was a Captain of militia and mas- 
ter of a vessel, and lost his life December 16, 1693, in a wreck on the coast near his home, his vessel 
going to pieces on a rocky reef which still bears the name of Collymore's Ledge. In 1694, shortly after 
his death, there was printed in Boston a memorial, composed by the Rev. Deodet Lawson, under the 
title of " Threnodia, or a Mournful Remembrance of the Much-to-be Lamented Death of the Worthy 
and Pious Captain Anthony CoUamore." Of Anthony CoUamore's twelve children, five only lived be- 
yond infancy : Peffr, Mary, Sarah, Martha and Elizabeth. The latter was twice married ; first to Jere- 
miah Rose and afterwards to Tymotlu' .Symmes. Her great-granddaughter, Anna Symmes, married, 
Nov. 22, 1795, William Henry Harrison, ninth President of the United States. 

IVter CoUamore, son of Capt. Anthonj- and Sarah (Chittenden) CoUamore, was born in Scituate, 
Mass., in 1671, and in 1695 married Abegail Davis, of Roxbury, Mass. Their children were: Abegail, 
Sarah, Anthony, Peter, Mary, ./<'//;/, Isaac, Thomas and Samuel. Peter and Samuel died young; the 
descendants of Anthony went to New York State and X'crmont ; they adopted the "er" termination of 
the name. Among these was Hon. Jacob CoUamer, who was Postmaster-General in 1S49, and L'nited 
States Senator from Vermont, 1855 to 1865. The descendants of Isaac went to Maine and Rhode 
Islantl, while those of Thomas and John remained in Massachusetts. 

John CoUamore, sixth child of Peter and Abegail (Davis) CoUamore, was born in Scituate, in 1704, 
and died April 17, 1755. He married Margaret Whiton, daughter of Enoch Whiton, of Hingham, 
Mass., April 27, 1732. Their children were: Sarah, Mary, Betty, John and liiiocli. 

Captain Enoch CoUamore, fifth child of John ami Margaret (Whiton) CoUamore, was born in Scitu- 
ate, Mass., June 27, 1745, and died April 22, 1S24. In the War of the Revolution he "marched for the 
^^.^^ Relief of Boston in the Lexington Alarm," April, 1775, and March 17. 

' 1777, was elected one of the Committee of Correspondence, Inspection 

and Safety, serving till the close of the war. He represented Scituate 
in the first State Legislature in 1781-2-3, and again in 1806-7-8. His 
title of Captain was gained in the militia. He married Hannah Cush- 
ing, daughter of Capt. Pyam and Hannah (Lincoln) Cushing, whose 
ancestor, Matthew Cushing, came in the ship "Diligent" from Hing- 
h mi, in Old England, and settled in Hingham, in New England, in 1633. 
Hannah was a granddaughter of the Hon. Benjamin Lincoln, who 
was a representative of the General Court in 1746-47-48, and a niece 
of General Benjamin Lincoln, who served through the Revolution and 
was Secretary of War in 1781. Their nine chiklren were: /('////.Han- 
nah, Sarah, Enoch, Sophia, Anthony, Gilman, Horace and Susannah. 
Col. John CoUamore, eldest child of Enoch and Hannah (Cushingi 
CoUamore, was born in Scituate, Mass., July 9, 1775, and died March 
18, 1S59. He was a manufacturer and farmer, cultivating the acres of 
his ancestors with success. Like others of his race, he was prominent in the afTairs of his native town. 
The military instinct was inherited naturally, and from the time he received his first commission as 
ensign, from the Hon. Samuel Adams, in November, 1795, until the expiration of that of Colonel, given 




coi.. jiiii^ 



1 I \M(iRK. 



342 



The Foundeks and Builders of the Oranges. 



liim by Jolin Brooks, in 1820, he was a commissioned officer in the Mihtia of the Commonwealth of 
Massachusetts for thirty years. It is recorded tliat he was never superseded, and was, during the 
entire time, never but once absent from any regularly appointed training or review. In civil life he 
served as Selectman, Assessor, Justice of the Peace, School Committee and County Commissioner, 
and also as a member of the con\ention, held in 1S20, to revise the State Constitution. Colonel CoUa- 
more was also a deacon in the Baptist Church, and widely esteemed as a man of sterling integrity and 
fervent piety. He was twice married, first on Oct. 4, 1801, to Michal Curtis, daughter of Ebenezer Curtis, 
of Hanover, Mass., one of his contemporaries in the Revolutionary service. Her grandfather, Bazaliel 
Curtis, was made one of the Committee of Correspondence, Inspection and Safety for Hanover, in 1775. 
The children of Col. John and Michal (Curtis) Collamore were: John and Michal, (twins), born Aug. 13, 
1802; Sarah. July 26, 18C4; Mary, March 7, 1806; Betsey, Nov. ;. 1807; Ebenezer, Sept. 5, 1S09; 
Williams, July 23, 181 i ; Lucinda, March 28, 1S13 ; Williams and Lucinda, (twins), Aug. 13, 181 5 : .An- 
drew I-'uller, Sept. 11, 1817; Dcii'is, Oct. 7, 1820. Col. John Collamore married, second. Poll)- Little, of 
Marshfield, and had issue : Almira Amanda, George Enoch, William Ward, Oilman 

Davis Ciu.i.amoke, twelfth child of Col. John ami Michal (Curtis) Collamore, the seventh genera- 
tion of the name in America, was born in Scituate, Plymouth County, Mass., Oct. 7, 1820. Having re- 
ceived a thorough academic education, he came to New York in 1836, to enter the employ of his brother, 
Ebenezer, an importer of fine china and glass, then located at 151 Broadwa\-, and li\ed with his 
brother, whose home was in the neighborhood of .St. John's Park. After si.x years with his brother, dur- 
ing which Uavis not only mastered the details of the business as then conducted, but made as well a 
study of ceramics, he fountleil the house of Davis Collamore, at 595 Broadway. Some years after the name 
was changed to Davis Collamore & Co , Mr. Collamore admitting to partnership some of his clerks, to 
whom he gave an interest. Highly endowed with that mental trait which has been so aptly styled "the 
gentle genius of taste," Mr. Collamore speedily devoted his energies to emphasizing the artistic features 
of his business. He did much to refine 
and cultivate the public taste of his day, 
and to increase the understanding and 
love of Keramic art, his mind quickly- 
grasping the wisdom of the view which 
held that it should be studied for the 
new forms of beauty it reveals, and for 
the sake of the enlarged intelligence 
and consequent widened range of le- 
fined [ileasure affonled b\' such research. 
Among his business contemporaries he 
soon became not only a leader whose 
opinions were sought in this branch of 
trade, but his marked ability as an art 
connoisseur and his originality as a de- 
signer of styles was fully recognized 
and acknowledged by leading manu- 
facturers of Europe. He was most ap 
preciative of all that is best in art ami 
literature. 

The business of which he was the 
founder remained practically unchanged till 1S86. when it was reorganized as a stock company, with 
Mr. Collamore as President. Though naturally of a retiring disposition, during his business career of 
fifty--one years Mr. Collamore did not hesitate to take part in public affairs where he thought he could 
be of .service. As a member of the Seventh Regiment he was on dutv during the night of the Aster 




UKI.IURST, KF.SIDENCE OF DAVIS COl.I.AMOKK. 



♦ %^ 









DAVIS COLLAMORE. 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



343 



Place riots, and as a loyal Republican ho was a staunch supporter of the National Government clurinj; 
tlie Rebellion. Amont; his business associates he was regarded as the soul of honor and integrity, and 
his commercial probity enabled his firm to meet every obligation through all the financial crises. 

About 18(14 Mr. CoUaniore became a summer resident of West Orange, purchasing .seventy acres on 
the eastern slope of the Orange Mountain, part of the Simeon Harrison farm, twenty acres being apple 
orchards and the balance the fine forest, which gave to his home its fitting name, " Iklhurst," (beauti- 
ful wood). The estate was bounded on the cast by Mr. Tomes' property, and extended on the west to 
the very crest of the Mountain. While the home was being built Mr. Collamore lived at "Cosy Cot- 
tage." adjoining ".Silver Spring," the home of Dr. Lowell Mason. In improving the property it was 
the owner's pleasure to enhance the natural beauties of the location rather than to make it in any de- 
gree artificial. The dignified mansion, built of brown stone, quarried on the estate, was designed by his 
nephew, George Hathorne, the eminent architect, whose early ileath dejirivcd his profession of a 
talented member. 

Among the first to introduce the breeding of Jersey cattle in the neighborhood of Orange, the 
beautiful creatures grazing in the fields at Iklhurst were one of the features of the ]}lace. Much 

friendly rivalry e.xisted among the 
various owners of the vicinity, and 
representatives of Mr. Collamore's 
herd won many a prize at the annual 
State Fairs at Waverley, N. J. In 
1867, during the early agitation of 
the question of good roads, Mr. 
Collamore joined other public- 
spirited citizens in serving on the 
Township Committee, and as chair- 
man of the Road Committee he was 
1 irgely instrumental in securing the 
adoption of the Telford system of 
improved road building. The owner 
of Belhurst was one of the twelve 
original members of the New Fng- 
iand Society of Orange. 

Of dignified mien, a semi-mili- 
tary bearing increasing his courtli- 
ness of manner. Davis Collamore was 
the personification of thoughtfulness 
in all the \ aried range of his charities. From his Pilgrim ancestors he inherited to the fullest e.xtent all 
the characteristics of resolute courage and de\otion to duty which marked the sturdy settlers of "The 
Plymouth Colony of Massachusetts." F"rom boih parents he drew a mingling of strength and gentle- 
ness of manner that was specially attractive in his character and which made his home life ideal. 
Though naturally reserved in manner, he was a most charming social companion. In conversation, a 
breadth of knowledge acquired by extended travel, obser\ation and reading, gave to his concise and 
comprehensive, yet well-chosen words, the impress of wise thought. His tact and helpfulness, in the 
presence of suffering, made him a welcome visitor in many a sick-room All who were fortunate in po.s- 
sessing his acquaintance bear testimony to his purity of life and to the many attributes which marked 
him pre-eminently the Christian gentleman. His death, August 13, 1887, was a loss to the community. 
On November 7, 1842, Mr. Collamore married Hannah Augusta Fiske, a Bostonian by birth, and a 
direct descendant of David Fiske, who came from England to Watertown, Mass., in 1642, and whose 
English record traces back in the direct line to Symon Fiske, Lord of the Manor of Stradhaugh, parish 




LANDSCAPE AT BE.LIURST. 



344 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges 

Laxfield, County of Suffolk, England, in the reign of Henry \1., (1399-14221. Robert Fiske, (^and 
wife Sybil Gould), the progenitor of the New England famih', was fourth in descent from him. 

Davis and Hannah Augusta (Fiske) Collamorc, had four children : Emma Augusta, Lucinda 
Fuller, Davis and Marion Davis. The eldest married Samuel Patridgc. The second and tliird children 
died in infancy. Mrs. CoUamore died November 13, 1882. After the death of Mr. Collamore, his two 
daughters, finding the cares and responsibilities of the place too great, sold the homestead and nineteen 
acres, retaining the forty acres adjoining. They still spend their summers on the Mountain Ridge, and 
cling fondly to the many pleasant associations connected with this neighborhood. 

Mountain Riixie. All that p.irt of the ridge of the First Mountain, now coverctl by beautiful 
aiul attractive homes, was, previous to i860, an unbroken forest, almost inaccessible even to the pedes- 
trian. Its present condition is due to the efforts of Dr. E. E. Marcy, who was the pioneer in this great 
undertaking. He purchased, in i860, of Daniel C. Otis, a tract of two hundred acres, h'ing between the 
Northfield Road and Mount Pleasant Avenue, overlooking Hutton Park in front and extending west to 
Perry Lane. He opened a road from the top of the Mountain to Mount Pleasant Avenue, and removed 
the trees along the front of the ridge which obstructed the view. He built his residence and employed 
a well-known landscape gardener to la\- out the grounds. He iiro\-ided himself witli every modern 
convenience that could be had, even to having gas-pipes laid from the town to the top of the Mountain. 
It was not long before others were attracted to this locality, and in the course of a few years he had not 
only a delightful country home for himself, but was surrounded with pleasant and agreeable neighbors, 
among whom were (jeneral Marcy, his brother. General McCIellan, the Browns, the Robinsons, the 
Hartleys, and others, all of whom erected fine residences and made additional improvements. 

THE MARCY FAMILY. 

The name of Marcy is a familiar one to the American people, through its distinguished representa- 
tives, who have figured prominently in the public affairs of this country for more than three quarters of 
a century. The famil\- were originally of French ancestr}-. De Marcy, or simply Marcy, is a name 
quite common in France and its colonies. The name appears to have come into Normand\- with Rollo, 
A. D. 912, (it was then Von Marcy); thence went to England with William the Conqueror, A. D. 1068, 
and became very common in Cheshire, where the orthography is now universally Massey, or Marsie. In 
this form (Massey) it is common in the English and Irish peerage. The present French form of the 
name obtains somewhat in England, as shown by "The Patents of King John," A. D. 120S, in which 
mention is made of one Radus de Marcy. 

John Marcy, the founder of tliis branch of the family in America, was the son of the High Sheriff 
of Limerick, Ireland. He was born about 1662, joined Elliot's Church, in Roxbury, Mass., March 7, 
1685. In April, 1686, he, with twelve others, known subsequently as the " Old Thirteen," founiled the 
town of Woodstock, Conn., granted (1663) by the Colony of Massachusetts to the town of Ro.xbury. 
The territory was claimed by Massachusetts for many years afterwards. John Marc\- married Sarah, 
daughter of James Hadlock, and had eleven children, of which Jniijniniii was the sixlli. 

Benjamin Marcy, sixth child of John and .Sar.di 1 Hadlock) Marcy, w.is born in Woodstock, Conn., 
March 11, 1697. He married Mary, daugiiter of James and Ilanna 1 1'.astnian 1 Corbiii. The)- had eight 
children, of whom -Is/ini/ was the seventh. 

Ashael Marc\% seventh child of Benjamin and Mar\' (^Corbin) Marcy, was born in Woodstock, 
March 25, 1738. He served as private in the War of the Revolution. He married PrisciUa Dunham, 
of Woodstock. He died March 2, 1819, aged eighty-one. They had issue four children, of whom 
Laban was the third. 

Laban Marcy, third child of Ashael and Priscilla (Dunham) Marcy, was born in Woodstock, Conn., 
March 7, 1780. He was educated at the W^oodstock Academy, studied law with Judge Barnes, of Tol- 
land, and with the Hon. Ed. Dickenson, of Amherst, Mass.; he lived and practiced his profession in 



Thk Foundkus and IUiilders ok tiif. Okanges. 



345 



Greenwich, Hampsliiie Comity, Mass., for fifty years; was twenty times elected a member of tlic Legis- 
lature of Massaciuisetts ; was a member of the Constitutional Convention, botii in 1820 and in 1853. 
He married P"anny Howe, of Sturhriilge, a woman of fine personal a])|)earance and vigorous intellect. 
He died Oct. 11, iSfio. Their children were: Randolph Barnes (Gen.;, Jirnstiis lid^i^trloti (M. D.), 
William Ainswoilh, Marsia Ann, Mary A. and Fred A. 

I'-RAsriTS KD(;i:ri'i)X Makcy, (M. I).), son of Laban and l-'aiiny (llowel Marcy, was born in Green- 
wicli, M.is-,. Ill- was prepared for college by a private tutor, and entered Amherst College at the age 
of thirteen. He was a classmate and intimate friend of Henry Ward Heecher, and joined with him in 
the fun, frolic and mischief for which Beecher was famous. Both had a strong aversion to mathematics. 
aiul were callotl "stupid" iiy the piofessnr; by preparing one lesson thoroughly, however, they 
managed to hoodwink the professor, and won his commendation for the time at least. Dr. Marcy e.\- 
celled in ever)- other branch, and graduated with honor. lie subse<[uently gr.iduated at Jefferson 
Medical (_'(illc;^c. l""or ten years he practiced as an allnp.ith in Hartford, Conn., where he .achieved 
quite a reputation. He was at that lime a strong opjjonent of the new school of practice, but after 
careful study and research he became ,i convert to homeopathic views. He came to New \'ork, where 
he acquired an extensive anil lucrative practice, ranking among the first of his school in the United 
States. His clientel included leading men in 
every part of the country, who had the utmost 
confidence in his skill as a i)hysician, and his 
honor and uprightness as a man. His genial 
disposition and his winning mannci", no less 
than his convincing arguments and uniform 
success, led many to adopt his views and be- 
come converts to his system of practice. 

Dr. Marcy has achieved a reputation as 
writer, no less than tli.it of .1 physician. In 
1852 he established the " North .American 
Journal of Homeopath)," which he edited un- 
til 1865. lie has written numerous essa\-s on 
medical and chemical subjects, besides which 
he has publislied " Theory and Practice of 
Medicine" (New York, 1850), " Homeopathy 
vs. Allopathy" (1852), " Theory and Practice 
of Homeopathy" (2 vols., 1858), "Life and 
Its Duties" (1869), and he has also edited 
" Hahnemann's Lesser Writings" (1856). 

Dr. Marcy was educated in the old Puri- 
tanical doctrines of religion according to the 
Calvinistic school. He was ne\er fully satis- 
fied with the teachings of the Protestant 
Church, but accepted them for the time in 
lieu of something better. He was finally led 
to investigate the teachings of the Catholic. 
or, as it is often called the " Mother Church." 
As a result he became fully convinced that this was the "true church." and its teachings in harmony 
with what he believed to be the true religion. He united with St. Stephen's (K. C.) Church, New York, 
where he has continued to worship for many years. His woik. " Christianity and its Conflicts," (1867), 
is one of the ablest works of the kind ever written. It covers a wide range and meets every point in 
controversy between the Protestants and Catholics. The style is simple, yet forceful and convincing. 




ERASTUS KDGERION MARI V. 



346 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 




^' 



i; 



% 

^!^ 



.Many who, like liiniscif, were waverinj; in their bcHef, liave, through reading his work, become devout 
Cathohcs. His broad Catholicity, in every line of investigation, is one of the marked traits in Dr. 
Marcy's character. There is nothing narrow-minded and selfish in his make-uj). lie has never sought 
to make proselytes, but simply to present the truth as he believes it. 

His life work has been one of blessing and comfort to others. In his calling as a physician he had 
the courage to break loose from old and long-established theories and customs, and enter a new field but 
partially explored, and while his own views have broadened and expanded, the knowledge thus acquired 
has been of untold benefit to others. While Dr. Marcy has accumulated a comfortable fortune through 
his extensive practice, his greatest reward has been the simple ' God bless you " from those who have 
benefited by his treatment. 

In ministering to the disea.ses of the mind the success of Dr. Marcy has been equally markeil, and 
many, who for years were tossed about on the waves of doubt and fear, have been brought to a haven 

of peaceful rest by following the lines of thought 
laid down, and accepting the teachings of this 
benefactor of the Innnan race. Dr. Marcy 
married Emeline B. Kilb(i\irn, daughter of 
Hon. Henry B. Kilbourn. of Hartford, who 
was Comptroller of the .State of Connecticut, 
and filled other offices of public trust. Two 
children are the issue of this marriage. 

I--mma, the eldest, married I'.dward Ra\-- 
montl, of New York, deceased. She e.xccls as 
a writer and musical composer, antl has achie\'ed 
quite a reputation in this line. Many of her 
pieces, published under her own name, have 
had an extensive circulation, while her o])eras, 
published under fictitious names, ha\-e had a 
marked success. Among her best known bal- 
lads are : " First Love " and " Adieu." words 
by de Mussct, written for and sung by Mons. 
Pol. Plan^on, the distinguished French artist. 
Her ballet music was very popular with Gil- 
more's and other well-known hands in this 
country; also the leading bamls in Hamburg, 
Baden iiaden, I'rankfort and other public 
resorts. Among the best selections of this 
class of music were the "Toboggan Galop," 
" Melba Waltz," " Oriental March," " Bolero," 
"Straight Life Waltz," " Valse I'oetique," 
" Mazurka Caprice." 
Marc\', married Ernest (j. Stedman. a rising \-oung law\-er. 








\ 



\ 



MKS. EMMA KAYMONl), DAUGIIIKK UF DR. E. E. MARCY 

of Dr 



Nina M., the second child 
cousin of the famous poet. 

R.wiioi.rn Barnes M.vucv, eldest child of Laban and Fanny i Howe) Marcy, was born in Green- 
wich, Mass., April 9, 1812; died in Orange, N. J., Nov. 22, 1887. He was graduated at the U. S. 
Military Academy in 1832, and served in the Black Hawk expedition of that year; also on frontier duty 
with the hifth Infantry. During the war with Mexico he participated in the battles of Palo Alto ,uid 
Resacca de la Palma, and was made Captain in May, 1846, after which he served on recruiting service. 
Subsequently he was engaged in the exploration of the Red River country in 1852-4 ; in the Florida 
hcstilities against the Seminole Indians in 1857; and in the Utah expedition of 1857-8, having com- 



The Founders and Builders ok the Oranges. 



347 



mand of a tlctaclimeiit that was sent to New Mexico in Nov., 1857, ami retiirniiifj in March, 1S5S, after 
great suffering. In 1859 he was promotec! .Major, and served as paymaster on tiie northwestern p'o.sts in 
1859-61, becoming Inspector-Cieneral, witli llu- rank of Colonel, on the 9th of August, rS6i. During 
the Civil War lie served as chief of staff to his son- 
in-law , (ien. George li. McClellan, and acteil in that 
capacit)' in McClellan's canipaiL;n of WVstcni \'ir- 
ginia, in the peninsular campaign ; also in the Mar\-- 
land campaign, until Xo\-., 1862. He had been made 
a Brigadier of X'oluntccrs, .Sc|)t. 23, 1861. In the 
autumn of 1S62 he was assigned to inspection duties 
in the Department of the Xorlhucst, Missouri. 
Arkansas, Mississippi aiul the (lulf, until 1865, 
where he became Ins|)ector-(jeneral of the militar_\- 
division of the Missouri. In 1869 he was transferred 
to Washington, and bec.mie Inspector-General of 
the United States Army, with the rank of l^rigadicr- 
General, to date from Dec. 12. 1878, continuing in 
that ofifice till his retirement, Jan. 2, 18S1. He was 
a famous sportsman, and spent much time in hunt- 
ing in the Rocky Mountains. He contributed to 
magazines, and juiblished " Explorations of the Red 
River," in 1852: "The I'rarie Traveler, a Hand-Book 
for Oakland Emigrants;" "Thirty Years of Army 
Life on the Border;" "Border Reminiscences," etc. 
The closing years of his eventful life were spent 
in Orange, N. J., where, at his beautiful home on 
the Ridge, nearly adjoining that of his brother, he 
passed his da\-s in peace and quietness. Much of his 
leisure time he spent in carving, of which lie was ex- 
cessively fond, and possessed a remarkable gift for this art. A beautiful mantelpiece and other speci- 
mens of his work are still to be seen in the house which he occupied. 




VIEW OF RESIDE.SCE AND GROUNDS OF DR. E. E. M.VRCY. 



EX=GOVERNOR OF NEW JERSEY. 

lonors tlirust upon him, ' it would be difficult to 



GEN. GEORGE BRINTON McCLELLAN, U. S. A 

To one who had "achieved greatness" and "had 
find a more modest, unassuming man than (ien. George B. McClellan, who for twenty years or more 
was a resident of West Orange. During that time he mingled freely in all the social affairs of the 
Oranges, and every Sabbath he worshiped in the little St. Cloud Presbyterian Church, greeting in the 
most cordial manner the plain, simple people whom he met there. Gen. McClellan came of the same 
Puritan stock that settled Newark and Orange Mountain. His great-grandfather, Gen. Samuel McClel- 
lan, was a native of Woodstock, Conn., and commanded the first company of cavalry that joined the 
Continental .\rmy at Cambridge. He subsequently became General and served throughout the war. 
When the currency of the Continentals had depreciated and no funds were forthcoming with which to 
pay their soldiers, General (then Colonel) McClellan advanced ^' 1,000 from his own i)rivate jnirse to 
pay the men of his regiment. 

The father of (icorge B. McClellan, a well-known and prominent physician, settled in Philaiielphia, 
where George B. was born December 3, 1826. It was expecteil the son would follow in the 
footsteps of his father, but he chose a military career and was sent to West Point Military Academy. 
from which he was graduatetl in 1847. He served with distinction in the Mexican War and was 
afterwards placed in command of a company of engineers at West Point. In 1855 lie u.is commissioned 



348 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 




by Jefferson Davis, then Secretary of War, to study the iiiiHtary o[)crations in the Crimea. He after- 
wards became Chief Engineer of the Illinois Central Railroatl, and on its completion was matle \'ice- 
President. At the breaking out of the Civil War he was commissioned Major-Cjeneral by Governor 
Dennison, of Ohio, and placed in charge of the State troops. In May, iS6i, he was commissioned by 
the general government Major-Gcneral of the regular army and placed in command of the Department 

of the Ohio. He was later assigned to the invasion of 
West \'irginia, where lie achieved great success. After 
the Hull Run disaster in July, 1861, he was placed in 
command at Washington with an army of 52,000 men. 
He displayed great ability as an organizer and soon 
placed this immense army in splendid condition. He 
speedily attained a popularitj- seldom, if ever, equalled 
in the case of an\- other American general. I'olitics, 
however, playcil an important part in the conduct of the 
war, and McClellan, not being in sympathy with the 
methods emploj'etl, was superseded in his command by 
other generals who were able to command political 
influence. In August, 1864, he was nominated by the 
Democratic National Convention for President. He 
resigned his commission as Major-General, U. S. A., and 
accepted the nomination. The jjrinciples of the Demo- 
cratic party at that time were not popular with the 
masses and McClellan was defeated. After this he sj)ent 
some years abroad, and after his return he purchased a 
home for himsclf-on ()rangc Mountain, where he resideil 

GEN. GKORCK B. MCCI.F.M.AN, U. S. A. .,,.,, 

until his death. 
In 1887 he received the Democratic nomination for (lovcrnor of New Jerse_\- and was elected by a 
large majority. His adminis- 
tration was moderate and con- 
servative, giving satisfaction 
to all. He was the first Gov- 
ernor who made his official 
residence at the State Capital. 
Gen. McClellan was especi- 
ally acti\'e in the affairs of the 
Presbyterian cluirch. As a 
Christian he was lniml)lc. 
devout and earnest. He was 
one of the founders of the 
.St. Cloud Presbyterian 
Cluirch and one of its first 
elders. The tablet placet! 
there to his memory shows 
the esteem in which lie 
was held by the people. 
He was a member of the 
New England Society, of 

Orange, and took frequent . _ -- 

part in its proceedings. His .maywoou, home of b. ogden chisolm, where gen. mcci.ei.i.an imeu. 




Thk Founders and Builders ok the Oranges. 



349 



kiiuliicss to animals was shown in his affectionate regard for his olil war liorse, Daniel Webster, wliich 
horc him through tiie several X'irginia campaigns. The old horse died and was buried in a little grove 
on tile mountain, ami this spot is religiously cared for by the present owner, Mr. Chisolm. General 
McCleilan died at his home on Orange Mountain, Octob r 29, 1885. His remains were interred at 
Riverside Cemetery, Trenton, where, while Governor, the deceased purchased a beautiful lot on a cliff 
overlooking the Delaware River. General McCleilan married the daughter of General Marcy. His 
widow and two chiklren — a son and tlaughtcr — still survive him. The son has been prominent in New 
\'ork politics for some years. 



M.wwcHin. Tlic present owner of Maywood, Mr. H. Ogden Chisolm, has a just appreciation of 
the historic interest that attaches to this old place, so long the home of General George li. McCleilan. 
aiui in the extensive improvements he has made we find no perceptible change in the surroundings. 
Everything about the place reminds one of its former owner. In a c[uict nook, beneath the shade of 
the trees, lies buried the old w ar horse, Daniel Webster, who served his master so faithfully during the 
first years of the war. 1 he foini of " Little Mac," the idol of the Army of the Potomac, as he sat on 
his noble steed, will remain fresh in the memory of his old comrades until the last veteran has responded 
to the final bugle call. It was here that the hero of man\' a hard-fought battle met the " King of Ter- 
rors"' with unllinchiiig courage, antl laid down his life peacefully and (juietly just as the autumn leaves 
were falling and nature was about to wraj) herself in her winter covering. 

iVs the years go by, the interest in Maywood will increase, and in the near future this will become 
the Mecca to which many will resort who revere the irieinor\- of " Little Mac." In the jilacc itself 
there is much to admire. Nature has been lavish in her beauties and left little to be desired. The old 
forest trees still remain in their prestiiie beauty, while others have been added from time to time to 

supply the places of those which have 
fallen into decay. '1 he house, with its 
Mansard ninf and broad verandas, 
represents the [jievailing style of archi- 
tecture of thirty years ago; it is a plain, 
substantial frame edifice, entirely in 
keeping with the tastes of its designer, 
who had a strong aversion to anything 
like display. No change has been 
made in the outward appearance of the 
house, and while there has been a com- 
plete renovation of the interior, the 
library used by General McCleilan re- 
mains in nearly the same condition as 
he left it. The "star" flowerbed in 
front is still preserved as originally 
designed. 

The beautiful grove of trees, with 
the winding roads and the house in the 
background, forms a pretty setting and 
gives the appearance of a miuature park. The entrance from the rear of the house, through the stone 
gate, up the long driveway, shown in the accompanying illustration, gives a charming and picturesque 
effect to the surroundings. Like the other places along the Mountain Ridge, the view is unsurpassed. 
The place contains about ten acres, and is a part of the old Rethuel Williams farm. It was purchased 
in 1864 by General McCleilan of Dr. Marcy, the brother of General Marcy, whose daughter General 
McCleilan married. The General gave it the name of Maywood in honor of his only daughter. May. 




RE.\R ENTKANCF. TO MAYWOOD. 



350 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



addiii<; tlic iKiinc of "wDoti" as descriptive of the surri)imdini;s. After his deatli it passeti into other 

hands and in the autumn of 1892 was purchased b}- Mr. Chisohn. Not Umisj after tiiis the stable was 

burned, and has since been rebuilt. 

15. Ojjden Chisolm, tlie present owner of Ma_\-wood, althouj^h a native of the North, belongs to a 

Southern family who were prominent in the War of the Revolution, and whose ancestrj- is traced in an 

unbroken line to the Scottish chiefs of the eleventh century. "The antiepiity of the Chisholms in the 

Highlands of Scotland," says 

Hurke, " appears established 

beyond disputation. The 

reputed founder of Clan 

Harold is stated in the His- 
tory of Shetland and Orkney 

to have been of the ro\'al 

stock of Norway. The Chis- 

hohns of the North are 

known in their vernacular 

tongue l)y the appellation of 

A// Siosn/irr/i. 'The Chisholni.' 

em])hatically as the chief. 
" Harold, Thane or I-.arl 

of Caithness, Orkney and 

Shetland, founder of t h c 

name and race of Chisholni, 

one the most formidable 

Northern chiefs, married the 

daughter of Mudah, or Ma- 

ched, Earl of Athol, the last 

male descendant of Donald 

Ban, King of Scotland. In 

the year i ig6 Harold raised tin 

period, so great anil powerful that the King of Scotland, William the I. ion, found it necessary to lead 

an army against the insurgents, and the clan 
became for the time scattered, but succeeded 
in maintaining its independence. 

" John Chisholm, ' The Chisholni ' living 
at the close of the seventeenth century, was 
f(nnteenth in descent fiom Harald, Thane or 
I'-arl of Caithness, Orkne\- and Shetland. He 
married Jean, third daughter of Sir Thomas 
MacKinzie, of hiiulon, and was succeeded by 
his only son. The Chisholm Roderick, who 
married Elizabeth, daughter of Duncan Mac- 
tlonnell, of Gleiigarr\-, by whom he had five 
sons; the youngest of these was Co/iii." 

Colin Chisholm, youngest son of Rotlerick 
and FJizabeth (Macdonnell) Chisholm, was a 
Colonel in the army of Prince Charles, and 
was killed at the battle of Culloden. His 




THE GROVE AT MAVWDOD. 



stantlard of rebellion, and himself and his clan were, at that remote 




I.lllKAKY A I MAVUi 



estates were confiscated and his only son, Alexander, was sent to America. 



Tin; I'ouNDKRs and Uuildkk'^ f»r 'iiik Oranges. 



35' 



Alexander Chisolni, the touiulcr of the family in tliis coimtiy, was the son of Cojunel Cnhn Cliis- 
holm. SoDii after his arrival in tliis cimntry he settled in Ciiarleston, S. C. In consequence of the 
political misfortunes of the family in England, and desirin;^ to sever all connections therewith, he 
dro])ped the second "h" in the name, and it has since been known as "Chisolm." He marrieil a Miss 
Chisliolm (^probably a distant relative), known as the " Heiress of Wanda." By her he had a son, .l/ix- 
aiider Robert, who owned amonj; other plantations an island in Charleston harbor, whicii became known 
as ami still bears the name of " Chisolm Island." 

William E. Chisolm, the father of H. Ogdeii Chiso'm, was the grandson of Ale.vaiuler Robert. He 
was hum in Charleston, S. C, in 1825; was educated for the bar. He came North and settled at 
College I'oint, 1.. I., where he married Mary A. Rogers, and was the father of seven children, of whom 
H. Ogden is the \oungest. 

H. Ot;ni;N Cmisoi.M, youngest son of William E. and .Mary (Rogers) Chisolm, was born at College 
I'oint, June I, 1865. Soon after purchasing the property at Mountain Ridge, West Orange, he removed 
thence with his family and usually spends the summers there. Although a comi)aratively recent comer, 
he is well known in social circles and his become fully identified with the Oranges. 




SOUTH ORANGE TOWNSHIP. 




.1, THE territory comprised within the townsliip of Soutli Orange originally formed 
a part of the outl\ing districts of Newark, and sur\eys and divisions of land were 
made as early as 1680, and possibly sooner. Settlements began at and near the foot 
of the mountain, extending from the Second River on the north to South Orange on 
the south. The town, howe\er, had been sub-divided nominally into Watscsson 
( Hloomfield), Cranestown ( Montclair), the Mountain Society (Orange). Short Hills 
and Camptown. TIk mountain settlement, Orange, was the first offshoot, under the 
name of the Mountain .Society, and the people of South Orange became identified 
with this new interest in their leligious worship and their "dead were buried in the 
same burying-place." They and their descendants remained inhabitants of the town 
of Newark until 1806, at which time a division of Newark was made and Orange 
Ward was constituted. The town meetings were held regularly; the place of meeting, however, does 
not appear upon record until " October 3, 1763, Warned by the Constable, held at the Court House, 
at Newark," ami from tiie latter date the meetings appear to have been so held until the meeting held 
"the 14th day of Ajjril, 1800," at which time a provision was made for holding "the ne.xt Annual 
Election for Members of the State Legislature, etc., to be opened at the house of I^ethuel Pierson (cor. 
of South Orange Avenue and Gro\e Road, the present residence of William Hrewer, Jr.), at Orange, 
and continuetl there during the first day of the same, anil that the said Election on the Second Day be 
opened, held and closed at the Court House, in Newark." This plan continued for some years later- 
The name of South Orange appears in the advertising columns of the Xczvark Ce/i/i/w/ as early as 
1798, eight }-ears before Orange was set off from Newark as a separate township. The division of 
Orange from Newark took place May 9, 1806, the meeting of the committee and assessors being held at 
the house of Samuel Munn, in Orange, at which time the boundary lines were established. The 
southern division was described as ''thence running southwardly in a straight line to a bridge in the 
highway near Sayres Roberts, in Camptown ; thence southwardly in a straight line to Elizabeth town- 
ship to the line of Springfield township." This, it will be seen, embraced the subsequent sub-divisions 
of Clinton, Milburn and South Orange townships. Clinton township was organized as such by act of 
the Legislature, April 14, 1835, South Orange and Milburn being included in the boundaries; the latter 
was set off as a separate township in 1857. When Orange was incorporated as a town under its new 
charter of June 31, i860, the boundaries were described as follows : "The first ward shall comprise all 
the territory lying east of a line commencing at the junction of Centre Street and Clinton township," 
etc. It thus appears that from 1835 to 1861 the present boundaries of South Orange were included in 
Clinton, Milburn and Orange townships. 

(jordon's Cuizctttf, \n\h\\s\\QA about 1830, says of South (Grange: "A village of the same town- 
ship lies on the turnpike from Newark to Morristown, 5 miles west of the first ; it contains about 30 
dwellings, a tavern and store, a p.iper mill and I'resbyterian church ; the lands around it are rich and 
well farmed." The act to set off the township of South Orange from Clinton, Milburn and Oiange, 
passed January- 2(\ 1861, prescribes the following boundaries: Beginning at a point on the line between 



The Founders and Builders ok the Oranges. 



353 



•■.tV 



Orange and Newark, half a mile north of South Orange Avenue; thence southerly along the Tiiiddlc <>f 
said avenue; thence to the bridge over the east branch of the Elizabeth Uiver, in the road near the 
house of William Steckman, in Clinton ; thence to the northwesterly corner of Daniel Heddcn's house; 
thence to the bridge in the road near the house of Charles E. I.um; thence to the bridge near the 
residence of J. R. Courter; thence toward the late residence of Samuel Headley, deceased, to the 
boundary line of the township and Union County; thence westerly to the east branch of the Rahway 
River; thence to a bridge in the road near the house of I'eter Failadc; thence to " Rock Hole," in the 
Rahway River; thence along the river to Mark's Mill; thence to the northeasterly corner of James E. 
Smith's land on the top of the First Mountain, adjoining the Walker Road ; thence to a small bridge 
near Uaniel Webb's; thence to the southwest corner of D. W. Smith's house, on Scotland Street; 
thence to a point in Centre Street to Abby Lindslcy's land; thence to the place of beginning, except 
the Orange Poor Farm. This division included the settlements of Maplewood, Hilton, V'ailsburg and 
the more tliickl)' populated localit}' known as Montrose. 

OLD LANDHARKS.— A few of the old landmarks, erected long before the Oranges came into ex- 
istence, still remain, some of them in a fair state of preservation ; the most notable of these is the old 
Stone House bj' the Stone House Brook, of which frequent mention is made in the descriptions of sur- 
rounding property. This is located at the corner of South Orange Avenue and Grove Road. It is 
mentioned as early as i68o, in a grant made to Nathaniel Wheeler, Edward and Joseph Riggs. When, 

and by whom it was built, is not shown 
^ '■ in the records. This, or adjoining prop- 

erty, was afterwards surveyed to Thomas 
Ludington. It became the property of 
Dr. Bethuel Pierson, " heir-at-law," who 
^X administered upon the estate of Samuel 
'^ Pierson, Jan. 11,1773. The records state 
that " Bethuel Pierson gave a mortgage 
upon one hundred acres, whereon he now 
lives, at the mountain plantation, by a 
certain brook, called the Stone House 
Brook." 

Deacon Bethuel Pierson built a stone 
addition to his dwelling-house, which he 
caused to be dedicated with religious 
ceremonies, especially requesting that the following words should be sung on the occasion : 

" lie not too proud, by any means. 
Build not your house too liigh,* 
But always have before your mind. 
That vou were born to die." 

He must have had the subject "before his mind" for a long time, for he lived many years after 
making the addition. The property was inherited by Dr. Cyrus Pierson, his son, who conveyed it, in 
179^,, to Nathaniel Cciulit. It then consisted of one hundred and sixteen acres, and described as " be- 
ginning at the road in the lands formerly of Bethuel Pierson and Abel Ward, both deceased." Later it 
was owned by Mo.ses Lindsley, and after passing through other hands, the homestead, with about seven 
acres, was purchased in 1867 'by William A. Brewer, Jr., the present owner, who gave it the name of 
Aldworth. He built a modern house in front, but the walls of the old house and a portion of the 
interior remain nearly in their original form. 







•* -y 



1 



:j- 



-^-^ 



^uf *^%i^ 







i<<\< 



STONE HOUSE AT SOUTH ORANGE. 






"It was one and a half stories high. 



354 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 




THE SgUIKE HOMESIKAD. 



The old Squire homestead on Ridgewood Road, built in 1774, which forms a part of the Redmond 

estate, is still in a good state of preservation. It was occupied by llcnry Squire for some time previous, 

and after the Revolution, but was originally a 

part of the old Ludington farm, surveyed as 

early as 1686. A deed made by Josiah Ogden 

and wife to Samuel Freeman, dated Dec. 12, 

1728, makes mention of the old brook which 

runs through the Redmond estate, as follows: 

" Thence to Ludington's Brook, and up said 

brook to the head thereof." Not far from the 

entrance, on Ridgewood Road, the remains of 

the old mill dam are still to be seen. A grist 

mill was in operation there long before the 

Revolution. 

The Timothy l?all house, on the Ridge- 
wood Road, is probably the oldest house, pre- 
served in its original condition, now standing, 

and is in moderately good repair. A stone in 

the chimney has the letters " T. \L. B., 1743." 

and in another chimney the figures " 1772." 

which probably indicate an addition built on the original house at that time. This Timothy Ball was 

the son of Thomas, and the grandson of Fdward 
Ball, an original settler of Newark, and High 
Sheriff of Essex, 1693. 

The Baldwin house, which stands on the 
corner of South Orange Avenue and Munn Ave., 
was owned by Aaron Baldwin, who was born 
in South Orange in 17 17, and died in this house 
in 1797. He was the son of Benjamin (2), who 
owned a farm in South Orange. It is probable 
that Benjamin built the house; and if so, it 
was built previous to 1717, and is, therefore, 
iie.xt to the " Stniie House by the Stone House 
Hrook," the oldest house in the Oranges, and 
mtetlates the Samuel Harrison house, on 
Washington Street, near Tory Corner, in West 
Orange. There are some few changes in the 
architectural appearance of the house, but tlie 

stone work remains in the same condition as it was originallj- and the house is still in an e.xcellent 

state of preservation. 

HIGHWAYS, STREETS, ETC. In laying the foundation for a new township and in the subsequent 
opening of new streets and other changes necessitated thereby, the lines of the old highways and roads 
— some of which have been in existence for more than a hundred and fifty years — were followed and 
the new streets made to conform to them. The names of some of the streets and highways were 
changed, while others were retained and serve to perpetuate the ancient landmarks. Although settle- 
ments began in this locality before 1680, there was no attempt at road-making by the township authori- 
ties of Newark until after 1700. In the Newark Record.s, under the date of October, 1705, reference is 
made to "An other Road from said Road South by a line of mark'd trees to Joseph Riggs' House." 




TUK liAI.UWIN llOMtbTK.MJ. 



The Foundkus and nuii.oF.Rs of tiik Okan(;ks. 355 

This is supposed to be the Valley or Freemantown — now the Riil^'cwood Road. "An other Road from 
said Riggs to Town, to run by a path as straight as may be and by a line of niark'd Trees from the 
first mention'd Road North, at foot of said mountain." 

South Orange Avenue is clearly indicated in this description: "One public general antl common 
highway, beginning at the northwest corner of Richanl Raker's Home lot, * * « running north 
over Crane's Hrook as the okl road runs to Mr. Wiliock's lands ; thence along between the lands of 
Mr. Wiliock's and Jacob Mitchell, taking four rods in breadth out of the south end of Mr. Wiliock's 
orchard; thence along the north siile of Heiijamin Wade's tlwelling house; thence along by .1 line of 
marked trees over Rahway Ri\er; thence along b\- a line of marked trees till it comes to Minnisink I'ath 
at the rear of ICdward Riggs" i)lantation." "An other Road, beginning at the saw-mill path, thence 
running as the path runneth to Brown's line: thence as the Brown's line and the path runneth to 
Edward Riggs' line, and b\- Riggs' antl Abraham Wilkins' line to Capt. Johnson's, to Rahwa\- River." 

A road laid out on March iS, 171S, corresponds with the present Clinton Avenue to Irvington, the 
old road over Da)''s llill and Irvington Avenue, through to Ridgewood Road, that part lying west of 
the river having been vacatetl when the Newark and Morristown Turnpike was laid out. It is described 
as: " A public and general road of four nuls in breadth, beginning at the road by Israel Canfield's 
Bark House and running up between Robert Hayes' and Captain Johnson's land as the way now runs, 
to the top of the hill; then turning the corner along Captain Johnson's fence, as the way now runs at 
the top of said hill to the two mile brook, to Thomas Brown's land, and so along as the way now runs 
to Elizabeth River, and from thence between Brown's and Hayes' land, by a line of marked trees to 
Baldwin's land ; thence turning northeasterly on said Baldwin's land and so over a brook in lialdwin's 
land ; thence turning northeasterly on said Baldwin's land to Zachariah Burwell's land ; thence by said 
Baldwin's and Burwell's land and so along Robert Hayes" and John Burwell's land, and thence running 
as the road now runs, over Rahwa\- River; thence in the line between Joseph Riggs' and Joseph 
Brown's land till it comes to the road under the mountain ; and that the road formerly laid out between 
Nathaniel Wheeler and David Brown be closed up." 

The present road to Maplewood, returning by the Jefferson, Village and Ridgewood Roads, to 
South Orange, is no doubt the one referred to as laid out November 19, 1728, described as: "Beginning 
at the road near the house of John Campbell, between the lands of John Campbell and Samuel Camp- 
bell; thence along the line that divides John and Samuel till it comes to Samuel Crowell's land; thence 
between Crowell and Nathaniel Campbell to the house of Crowcll ; thence on a straight line to the east 
branch of Rahway River, where there is a bridge partly built over the same; thence down said branch 
to lands of Joseph Thompson; thence between Thompson and James Campbell to lands of Thomas 
Wood ; thence between Wood and Thomas Lyon ; thence through Wood's land to Crooked Brook ; 
thence across the southeast corner of lands of Samuel Mills, deceased ; thence between the lands of 
Mills and Thomas Wood till it comes to the path that leads to Joseph Riggs'; thence along said path, 
as the same goes, till it comes to the public road that runs by the house of said Joseph Riggs." 

A road is described under date of April 18, 1726, as "A road four rods in width, beginning at the 
^fountain Road on Brushy Plain, at the southwest corner of Israel Canfield, northerly on the westerly 
side of his line to the end of his line; straight to Elizabeth River, on the southeast corner of Micah 
Tompkins' land over the river; westerly between Tompkins and Hugh Roberts, fifty rods; northerly 
across Tompkins, on the easterly side of his orchard and house to Hezekiah Johnson's land; northerly 
through Johnson's land on a brow of a hill to the Mountain Road by Ebenezer Lindsley." 

The Newark anil Morristown Turnpike followed the line of South Orange Avenue, running direct 
to South Orange and thence to Columbia Bridge, on the Passaic. This was one of the original roads 
laid out in 1705. Scotlanil Street, formerly known as Scotland Lane, running from Main Street, Orange, 
to South Orange Avenue, in South Orange, was opened as early as 1721. It is referred to in a convey- 
ance of real estate made that year. Centre Street, which runs parallel with Scotland Street from 
Orange to South Orange, was used as "a highway" before 1730. but was not formally laid out as a 



356 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

street until 1 809. Ward's Lane, connectintj South Orange Avenue with Irvington Avenue, is shown on 
a map made in 1767. South Prospect Street was laid out before 1737. The road east from Boyden 
Avenue is referred to in the early records in 1718 as "the road from south end of Newark to Joseph 
Riggs' house." Burnet Street, which extends from Springfield Avenue to the I-llizabethtown Road, 
was laid out April 30, 1796, "to be two and a half rods in width from the main road leading from 
Tuscan Hill to Newark and Elizabcthtown. into the road near the house of John Towiiley, on a south- 
west course from the north corner of Towiilej-'s barn." 

VILLAGE OF SOUTH ORANGE. 

The township of South Orange included a large amount of unimpio\cd property, and in order to 
enable those who had made extensi\e improvements in certain localities to manage their own affairs, 
it was deemed advisable to apply for a village charter. This was obtained on March 25. 1S69. when 
the State Legislature adopted "An act to incorporate the village of South Orange, in the County of 
Esse.x." An amendment to this act was passed April 4, 1872, which did not, however, change the 
boundaries. These are described as follows: "Beginning at a point in the southeasterly line of Centre 
Street, where the same is intersected by the northerly boundary line of the township of .South Orange; 
thence in a direct line to a point in the middle of South Orange Avenue, one hundred feet southerly 
from the southerly corner of Seton Hall College farm house; thence in a direct line to a point in the 
middle of Irvington Avenue, one hundred feet easterly from the easterly corner of the dwelling house 
formerly of Mary Clark, deceased; thence in a direct line to the southerly corner of lands of Catharine 
M. He.xon, in the centre line of Prospect Street ; thence in a direct line to a point where the north- 
easterly point of land of Henry Fenner intersects a stone wall running along the brow of the mountain; 
thence in a direct line along the brow of the mountain to a monument stone in an angle of the north- 
erl}- bounilary line of the township of South Orange; thence along the said boundary line to the place 
of beginning." 

The territory embraced in what is now known as Montrose Park was annexed to the village of 
South Orange by an act of the Legislature approved February 10, 1891, entitled "An act to annex to 
the village of South Orange, in the County of Essex, a part of the present township of South Orange." 
The boundaries are described as follows: " Beginning at a point in the northwesterh- line of Centre 
Street where the same is intersected by the northerly boundary line of the said township of South 
Orange, which point is also the now easterly corner of said village of South Orange ; from thence in an 
easterly direction along the division line between the townships of East Orange and South Orange to 
that point in .said last mentioned line where the same will intersect with a line drawn parallel with the 
easterlj' line of Holland Road and one hundred and fifty feet distant easterly therefrom when produced 
to said division line between the townships of East Orange and South Orange ; thence in a southerly 
direction and parallel with said ea.sterly line of Holland Road, and one hundred and fifty feet distant 
easterly therefrom, to the southerly side of South Orange Avenue; thence in a straight line south- 
westerly to a point in the middle of Irvington Avenue, which is an angle in the present boundary line 
of the said village of South Orange; and thence along the southeasterly boundary line of said village 
of South Orange to the place of beginning." 

The charter provitied for a Board of Trustees to manage the affairs of the village and a village 
president, who should be the chief executive officer of the village; it conferred ample powers for the 
governing, controlling and regulating everything connected with the village, including police deparment, 
a Board of Health, street commissioners, etc. With some few amendments and alterations this charter 
has been in operation for more than a quarter of a centur\-, and has proved equal to every emergencj'. 
Men of well known business ability, hone.sty and integrity have been selected to fill the important 
positions, and all necessary improvements ha\e been made from time to time, and South Orange is one 
of the best governed villages in the State of New Jersey. Those who have filled the office of President 



The F'oundeks and Buii.nKRs of the Oranges. 357 

since the enactment <>f the villasjje charter, in 1S69, are: L. L. Coudert, 1869-70; George B. Tiirrcll, 
(resigned), Thomas Fenner, 1870-71 ; Thomas Feniier, 1871 7:5; George H. Turreli, 1873-74; '•'■ '- 1^- 
Mayhew, 1S74-75; Daniel T. Chirk, 1875-77; Wm. A. I^rcwcr. Jr., 1877-78; Edward Self,' 1878 79; 
Win. A. Brewer, Jr., 1879-80; \Vm. L. Cortelyou, 1880-81; Carlisle Norwood, Jr., 1881-82; E. H. 
Mead, 1882-83-S4; \Vm. L. Cortelyou, 1884-85-86-87; Edward Self, 1887-88-89-90; Edward V. 
Church, 1890-91-92-93-94; Eu<,rene V. Connett, 1894-95-96; Harmon H. Hart, 1896. 

A police department, consisting of a marshall and nine policemen, has thus far proved sufficient for 
the suppression of crime and drunkenness, of which there is very little, the restrictions in the sale of 
property being such as to exclude the worst elements of society and to encourage the settlement of 
enterprising business men in pursuit of pleasant suburban homes. 

The old streets referred to in the History of South Orange Township, have mostly been widened 
and graded and made to conform to the modern system of road-making. One of the greatest improve- 
ments in streets e\er made in the Oranges was the system iiUmduced by Mr. George B. Turreli during 
his administration as President of the Board of Trustees, in 1874. The system of macadamizing roads 
had been adopted in different parts of the Oranges, but was found to be very expensive, the outlay 
being so great as to necessitate the bonding of the township for a large amount. Mr. Turreli, in his 
annual report in A}Mil, 1874, recomnicntled a plan, which lie described as "'Construction by Repairs." 
He says: "The manner of performing this work is exceedingly simple and easy to manage. For 
instance, a contract may be made with parties having facilities for obtaining the material and possessing 
crushing machines, to deposit along the line of the street, where the grade has been established, a suit- 
able quantity of egg-size trap-rock, having for a top dressing a finer material, constantly re.idy for appli- 
cation. One or two men, with shovel in hand, patrolling the streets could, from day to day, place, as 
occasion required, a proper quantity of it in all depressions formed by traffic on the road, and when, 
after rain, the ground attained a fit condition, by passing a heavy roller over the road so repaired they 
would be kept hard and smooth. During the season of spring, when the frost is leaving the ground, 
much more material would be used tiian afterwards, or in summer when the ground is dry and the roads 
usually in a more satisfactory condition." The system recommeiuled by Mr. Turreli at first met with 
some opposition, but was finally adopted, and the village saved not only an expenditure of several 
thousand dollars, but a heavy bondeil indebtedness. 

Montrose I'akk is the name given to a new settlement in South Orange township, embracing 
about 150 acres, bounded on the east by East Orange township, north by the city of Orange and South 
Orange Avenue, which forms the southern boundary, and Scotland Street on the west. The pioneer of 
this undertaking was Mr. Thomas S. Kingman, who, soon after he began operations, became associated 
with William F. Havermeyer and other capitalists, and a syndicate was formed for the purpose of im- 
proving and developing the property. .Additional purchases were made from time to time, until about 
150 acres were acquired. 

Centre Street, which passes through the centre of this tract, was graded, curbed and flagged, and 
all the latest street improvements added. New streets were laid out running at right angles with Centre 
Street, and the old roads and cart-paths connecting with the principal thoroughfare, were all utilized in 
the laying out of the streets. Among these were Montrose Avenue, Warwick Avenue and Sterling 
Avenue. Of the new ones opened were, Hartford Road, Stanley Road (nametl in honor of Henry M. 
Stanley, the distinguished African explorer), and Kingman Road (named in honor of the pioneer of this 
enterprise!. Great care was used in the mapping out of building lots, in order to secure the best class 
of residents. The average lots are about lOO feet front, with a depth of 200 or more feet, according to 
the boundaries of the adjoining property in the rear. The restrictions contained in the deed of sale of 
each lot afford ample protection to the property holders. These restrictions embrace the building of a 
class of houses which must not be below a certain standard, and the exclusion of all public buildings, 
except places of worshij). The effect of this wise precaution has been to bring together a class of 



358 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges 

residents of high social standing, men of wealth and influence; all of whcnii ha\e become interested in 
the further development of this locality. About forty houses, costing from S6,coo to $25,000 each, have 
been erected within the past ten years, the aggregate improvements exceeding half a million of dollars. 
The new element has already become strong enough to exercise a controlling influence in the local 
government. 

Mr. Kingman, the originator of the enterprise, erected a number of very fine and expensive houses, 
which he sold to desirable parties, who have become permanent residents. St. Andrew's Church 
(^Episcopal) is located on a portion of the property, which was presented to the trustees by the syndi- 
cate. When Montrose Park was first opened it lay within the township of South Orange but outside of 
the village limits. In the winter of 1891 it was annexed to the village of South Orange, and the resi- 
dents of the Park have since enjoyed the local advantages arising therefrom. 

Till", Meadow L.\ND Socnrrv was organized in 1889 by a number of gentlemen residing on 
Scotland Street, Ridgewood Road and other adjacent streets on both sides of the valley of the east 
branch of the Rahway River, for the purpose of purchasing and controlling the low lands of the valley 
between these streets and Montrose Avenue and South Orange Avenue on the north and south. A 
tract of land containing about 23 acres, extending across the valley from the Morris & Essex Railroad 
to Ridgewood Road, was purchased from Mr. E. H. Mead, and by deed and contract with Mr. Reune 
Martin, who then owned a large place on the slope of the Orange Mountain, was carefully restricted 
against nuisances and undesirable occupation in the s:ime way as the Montrose tract and Llewellyn 
Park. In 189O a lease was executed to the South Orange Field Club by which the land between the 
M. & E. R. R. and the Rahway River was devoted to field sports. The rental was made at the average 
rate of §150 a year for five years. In order to enable the Field Club to properly grade the grounds for 
athletic sports, the Meadow Land Society agreed to issue its stock to the amount of ^5,000 to the Field 
Club without extra annual charge, and nearly all of this amount has been expended on the property. 
A new lease upon very liberal terms has just been executed, which runs for ten years from April I, 1895. 
The Meadow Land .Society has also agreed to lend its credit to the Field Club to aid in the erection of 
a suitable club-house in place of the structure recentlj- destroyed b)- fire. The remaining portion of 
the society's property on Ridgewood Road has been kept in pasturage, but may eventuall\- be impro\ed 
as building sites under proper restrictions as to the character of the structures erected thereon. The 
stock of the society is held by eighty-si.x shareholders, nearly all of whom live or own residences on the 
hill or mountain slopes lying east or west of the property'. The officers of the society are as follows : 
Wm. F. Allen, President; Robert Ward, \'ice-President ; Eugene \'. Connett, Treasurer: Edwin S. 
Allen, Secretary. Directors. — W. F. Allen, Robert Ward, E. \'. Connett, C. E. Billqvist, L. P. Farmer, 
C. F. Loutrel, H. A. Mandevillc, F. A. Wri-ht, 15. 1?. Schneider. H. \an Wagenen, Geo. B. Farrell. 
M. W. Ferris. 

EDUCATIONAL. 

At what time the first school was established within the boundaries of the present township of 
South Orange is not known. The tradition is that a stone school-house, erected probably earlier than 
1760, stood on a point of land near the intersection of the two roads now known as South Orange and 
Irvington Avenues. The building was one story in height, about twenty by thirty feet area, facing the 
east, having a vestibule which was surmounted by an open belfry in which the bell was hung. When 
the Newark and Morristown Turnpike was constructed, about 181 1, it was found that this school-house 
stood in the way of the line surveyed along what is now South Orange Avenue, and necessitated its 
removal. The management of the school at that time was probably by a School Committee, as was the 
custom. An association of the proprietors for the management of the school affairs of this locality 
existed for some j-ears before it became an incorporate body. The records of this organization show 
that: "At a special meeting of the proprietors and associates of the school in South Orange, held on 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 359 

Wednesday evening, July 22, 18 14, it was atjrced tliat the said associates should exercise the privilefjes 
allowed them by law and use the means to become an incorporate body." There were seventy-three of 
these associates, among whom were the Baldwins, Lindslcys, Tichenors. Bails, I'iersons, Freemans, 
Tcrrills and other familiar names. 

On August 3d following, another meeting was held, at which time the trustees were elected and 
the name of "Columbian School of South Orange" was adopted. The records of this school show the 
following: "At a meeting of the trustees and proprietors of the Columbian School, in South Orange, 
at the school-house, on Saturday evening, December 31, 18 14, for the purpose of consulting on the 
propriety of building a new school-house, it was unanimously resolved: " ist. That the trustees of 
said school do proceed in arrangements for building. 2tl. That the said building be built on what is 
commonly called the school-house common. 3d. That the said building be built of wood, two stories 
high, forty-five feet in length by thirty-five feet in breadth." The money was raised by subscription 
and was uiulcr tlic management of the trustees, and the work completed in 1815. 

A lecord of the minutes of October 26, 1815, shows the following: " 1st. That it be expedient to 
have a title procured of Mr. Aaron Hrown for the lot on which the school-house is built, that a statement 
of the cost of the s.iid house be made as soon as convenient." A second resolution provided for the 
appointment of a committee to attend to this matter. " 3d. That the price of tuition in the school be 
fi.xed at $1.75 per quarter for spelling, reading and writing; for arithmetic, in addition to the above 
branches, the sum of $0.25, and for grammar or geography, the further sum of §0.25. 4th. That the 
firewood be purchased, and at the end of each quarter the cost be divided equally between the scholars, 
except such as the trustees shall deem expedient to exempt on account of their inability to pay." 

In March, 1815, the trustees met in accordance with the first resolution and "proceeded to business 
and e.xamined the accounts and vouchers to make an estimate of their cost of the school-house, and 
found the cost of the school-house and lot to amount to seventeen hundred and sixteen dollars and 
eighteen cents to the present time." On March 9, 1818, the teacher was guaranteed forty-five scholars 
for the first six months; the other six months at his own risk. 

Salaries of Teachers. On March 16, 1819, Aaron McConnell was employed for seventy-five 
dollars per quarter. On April 2, 1827, the association voted to pay Henry D. Hedden ninety-six 
dollars for six months, and forty-eight dollars to the trustees to employ a woman for six months. 
Eighty-eight dollars per quarter was paid in 1852. In 1853 an assistant was paid twenty-four dollars 
per quarter. In 1857 male teachers were paid from Sioo to $112 per quarter and female teachers $36. 
In 1859 Mr. Manning received $500 per year. The salaries were gradually increased from this time forth, 
and in 1870 the principal received S850 and the female assistants $450 and $250 respectively. 

Free Schools. The first step looking to free education was taken up by the proprietors on 
January 27, 1818, when they resolved "That as there maybe some that send to school not able to 
pay for firewood, the trustees be instructed to examine the roll of the teacher and if, in their opinion, 
there be any such, they exempt them from paying and the amount for wood be equally divided among 
the rest of the scholars." The old system of public schools was maintained until 1S70. On A\it\\ 19 
of that year it was decided to vote a tax to maintain a free public school during the coming year, and 
the sum of five hundred dollars was so levied. All the schools became free about the same time. 
Previous to the consolidation under a Board of Education, the township of South Orange was divided 
into three school districts, known as 27, 28, 30. These are now known as Nos. i. 2. 3. 

School No. I, situated on South Orange Avenue, is a large, fine brick building, provided with the 
best of modern school apparatus. It has a seating capacity of 450. Average attendance 320, with 14 
teachers. The property is valued at ^35,000. 

School No. 2, located at Maplewood, has a seating capacity of 125, with an average attendance of 
89 and three teachers. The property is valued at $8,000. 

School No. 3, at Hilton, has a seating capacity of 90. Average attendance, 80, with three teachers. 
This is valued at $7,000. 



360 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

The following gentlemen comprise the present Board of Education: Joseph H. Osborn, President ; 
W. R. Burkhardt, Desk Clerk; A. B. Solomon, Louise Becker, H. H. Hart, E. L. Crowell. F. B. Sales- 
bury, Edward E. Frances, George L. Taggart. 

South Orange Library Association. This association has had a nominal existence for more 
than thirty years. It was suggested by William J. Beebe, a New York tea merchant, at that time a 
resident of South Orange. The first meeting was held at the headquarters of the Republican Club, in 
1864, iMr. Beebe being at that time President of the club. Others soon became interested in the mat- 
ter, among whom were : Charles J. Beebe, V. L. B. Mahew. George Wait, Rev. D. G. Sprague, Rev. J. 
Allen Maxwell, Lewis B. Henrj', Edwin H. Mead, Joseph L. Taintor, Phineas Bartlett, Eugene H. Du- 
rand, Joseph W. Taylor and Moses A. Peck. Donations of books and money were given by the citi- 
zens, and the room of the Republican Club was used for some time as a librar\\ Stephen Ballard was 
appointed librarian in 1865, at a salary of S150 per annum, and with this amount he was required to 
furnish an assistant. He did not continue long, however. In 1867 the upper floor of Lane's store, on 
South Orange Avenue, was fitted up for the use of the library, and was used until 1S88, when it was 
removed to the Freeman building, where it remained until the erection of the pre.sent building. 

The South Orange Bulletin, under date of Nov., 1871, says: " .Seven years ago this November a 
movement was made by some of the leading citizens of South Orange for the establishment of a reading 
room and library. After some preliminary meetings, attended with considerable enthusiasm, a constitu- 
tion was adopted and a Board of Directors appointed. At the close of the first year there were 139 
annual members, with 567 volumes on the shelves of the library, and twenty-four newspapers and 
magazines in the reading-room. The present year, of 1871, began with a balance in the treasury of 
S 1 84.67. The whole number of volumes in the library at this time is 1,336; number of books taken out 
during the year, 3,260." 

In order to maintain and replenish the library, lectures and other entertainments were held which 
yielded but small returns. The minutes of the association, in 1877, state that the proceeds of General 
Kilpatrick's lecture "was the modest sum of S5.25;" and it was unanimously resolved "that hereafter 
the library entertainments should cost a little less and yield a little more than $5.25." Notwithstanding 
these discouragements, the library was well patronized and became a public necessity. The stock of 
books was increased through private donations and by amounts realized from the public entertainments. 

On October 25, 1886, the Library Association was incorporated under the general law passed April 
8, 1884, entitled " An Act to incorporate and establish free public circulating libraries in this State." 
The incorporators were : Carl Edward Billqvist, Annie Redmond Cross, Lily Page Ely, Bella C. 
Brown, Sophia Rutan Connett, Margaret Howard White, Henry Lilly, Frank A. Wright, Ella Speir 
Morrow. The officers elected at this time were: President, C. Edward Billqvist ; Vice-President, Mrs. 
J. McC. Morrow; Treasurer, Henry Y. Hitch; Secretary, Mrs. W. Howard White. 

On November 28, 1894, Mr. Eugene V. Connett wrote to the association offering to give a lot "on 
the north side of Scotland Road and Taylor Place, having a frontage of 50 feet on said road and about 
106 feet on Taylor Place, on condition that the sum of $7,500 be subscribed on or before the first of 
May next ( 1S95), and that a stone or brick building be erected thereon without unnecessary delay, and 
that the building be used only for library purposes.'" The total amount was in due time subscribed 
and the building erected in accordance with the conditions stipulated by the donor of the lot, who. 
when he found the frontage was insufficient for the building, increased his previous generous gift b_\- 
giving an additional 25 feet in width. 

The library building was formally opened on F'riday evening. May 8, 1896. Mr. Edward Self, 
an old resident of South Orange, made the address of the evening and entertained the audience with 
interesting reminiscences connected with the association — the history of its struggles, difficulties, &c. 
Mr. Billqvist introduced Mr. James McC. Morrow, chairman of the Building Committee, who made a 
report showing that the sum of $7,743.98 had been raised, all of which had been expended, leaving the 



Thl Founders and Hni.DKus of thi- Oranges. 361 

association free of debt. Mrs. l^duiii II. Mead was tliaiiked for her ^'enermis >/ih of the beautiful 
clock, a memorial of Mr. E. H. Meail. T. O'Connor Sloane w.is mentioned as the first to raise a 
subscription for tiic buildin^^ fuiul. Mr. Hillqvist, on behalf of the association, thanked Mr. Connctt 
for his generous gift of the lot to tiie Free Library. Harmon II. II;irt, {'resident of the village of 
South Orange, spoke also in the same vein. The annual report showed the number nf hooks taken out 
(luring the year iSy, 6 was 19,519. The total number of books now in the library is 4.371. The 
treasurer's report showeil that tiie total receipts for the year were $2,1 14.46; disbursements, $1,304.90; 
leaving a balance on hand of §809 56. 

The association elected seven trustees to serve for three years: — Mrs. A. C. Habsiui. Mrs. (.". 1-". 
I.outrel, Mi>s Josephine Alice Pulsford, Miss Harriet Spining, Spencer Miller, E. 1). .Shepard, R. S 
Sinclair. The meeting of the Hoard of Trustees followed the annual meeting and the board elected 
the following officers to serve for the coming year: President, C. E. Hillqvist, Vice-President, Mrs. J. 
McC. Morrow; Secretary, Mrs. I-".. 1). Shepard; Treasurer, R. S. Sinclair, 'i'hose who are serving 
une.xpired terms are: Mis. E. \. Cininett. Mrs. W. .S. Edgar, Mrs J. McC. Morrow, Mr. C. Edward 
Hillqvist, Ml. licnry \V. Freeman. Mr. Hleeker \'an Wagenen, Mr. A. F.Wright, Mrs. R.J. Cros.s, 
Mrs. Arthur Dyer, Mrs. I-.. D. Shepard, Mr. W . I". Allen. Mr. Walter I.. McCoy. Mr. J. McC. Morrow. 
Mr. T. O'Connor Sloane. 

Souill Okangk Hui.I.ETIN. — The issue of a modest little sheet, with the above caption, began in 
March. 1870, with Joseph W. Wildey, the present Clerk of the village of South Orange, as editor and 
proprietor, the object of its founder being to further his real estate business. It was started as a four- 
page paper, 9.KI2, with three columns, and was published monthly. The first editorial was written by 
the late Rev. J. Allen Ma.Kwell. On the first anniversary of its birth, March, 1871, the editor congratu- 
lates himself on its success, and, with pardonable pride, says : " With the present number (i2), the first 
volume of the Bulletin closes. One year ago, starting without any pretension, the first number was 
given to the community, and although it was doubted by some if the second number would appear, si.x 
months afterwards the size of the little journal was doubled to meet the demands of the public, and at 
this time a larger sheet could be maintained successfully, without doubt, and the publishers hope to 
make such arrangements, at no great future time, as will enable the issue of the paper oftener, at least, 
if no enlargement is effected." Its proprietor cl.iimed at this time a monthly issue of 3,000 copies; this. 
howe\er, included a partially gratuitous circulation. It was printed at this time and for some time after 
at the office of Ward & Tichenor. Although not a professional journalist, the proprietor deserves great 
credit for his push and energy. He had a good advertising patronage, which was constantly increasing. 
In October, 1 87 1, the size of the paper was increased to I2.\i8 inches, with five columns. On May 1. 
1872, it became a semi-monthly, and on January 2, 1874, to a weekly, and from that time forth has re- 
ceived the liberal support of the communit)-. In 1874 Mr. Wildej- sold the paper to Charles Lum and 
O. H. Smith. The new firm opened and fully equipped an office of their own in South Orange. They 
had a good-sized power printing press, the "power" being furnished by a blind negro named George 
Thompson. O. B. Smith, who had obtained control of the paper, sold out to Fred DeF. Crozier, in 
1882, who subsequently sold his stock and equipments to Charles Starr, of the East Orange Gazctlc, and 
the paper was printed for some time in the office of the Gazcltc. Later, Mr. Crozier again opened an 
office in South Orange, which he eijuipped with the best modern pres.ses and other material for a first- 
class country office. In 1889 he sold out his entire stock, together with the paper, to Mr. Edgar 
Williams, of the Orange Journal. Neither of the previous proprietors had had any experience in 
journalism. Under the new management the i)aper has greatly improved, both in appearance and in 
the character of its news columns -every public meeting and public event of any kind being faithfully 
reported by an experienced shorthand reporter. It is independent in local politics, and is well supported 
by all classes of people in the village of South Orange and surroundings. It will compare favorably 
with any weekly journal in the State. 



362 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

LODGES, ETC. 

Century Lodge, No. 100, V. & A. ^L This lodge was chartered Jamiar_\-. 1S70. The first officers 
were: Daniel T. Smith, \V. M.; Jose])h W. Wildey, S. W.; Anson A. Ransom, J. W.; Charles E. Lum, 
Treasurer; Benjamin L. Chandler, Secretary. [The Secretar\- and \V. !\L of this lodge have failed to 
respond to repeated requests to furnish more complete data. — EdJ. 

Hope Lodge, No. 179, I. O. O. F. This lodge was instituted April, 1874, with the following as 
charter members: Aaron B. Baldwin, Aaron G. Smith, Isaiah Smith, Joseph W. Wildej- and Moses P. 
Smith. The fir.st officers were: Aaron G. Smith, N. G.; Joseph W. Wildey, V. G.; Moses P. Smith, 
Secretary; Aaron B. Baldwin, Treasurer. Those who have filled the office of N. G. since its organiza- 
tion are: Aaron G. Smith, Joseph W. Wildey, George W. Drake, Rodman Coon, David Boe, David C. 
Allen, Jacob B. Maxwell, Charles E. P'orce, Charles W. Bn.wn, Walter P. McGee, George H. Osborn, 
Charles W. Drake, George W. (iodfrej', Joseph (j. Morrison, Henr_\- D. .Muiither, Edward Broun, 
William H. Evans, George H. Clark, J. Albert G. Parry. John M. Drake, .Manning E. Drake, Moses P. 
Smith. Henry T. Trenchard, John J. Weaver, George W. Eager, Randolph A. Gardner, George S. Devon, 
I-ldward R. Price, William X. Drake, Harvey G. Galbraith, Robert J. Lloyd, Manning H. Dorland. 
The present officers are: George S. Devon, N. G.; Henry T. Trenchard, \'. G.; Moses P. Smith, Rec. 
Sec; Manning E. Drake, Per. Sec; Jacob B. Maxwell, Treas. The present membership of the lodge is 30. 
The regular communications of the lodge are held at Odd Fellows' Hall, on South Orange Avenue. 

Orange Lawn Tennis Cl.un. This is one of the oldest and strongest tennis clubs in this country. 
It was organized on October 4, 1S80. by a number of well-known gentlemen of the Oranges. The first 
officers were : President, Richard J. Cross; Secretary, Edwartl Winslow ; Treasurer, Richard M.Colgate. 
Directors, Henry F. P'itch, Samuel Campbell, E. F. Sandford and A. M. Wood. The other original 
members were: I-"rederick Almy, Frank Arnold, Henry Barrill, 1). L. Bennett, Henry Coolidge, John P. 
Gilli.s, John O. Heald, S. \'. L'Hnmnicdieu, J. H. Kelley, N. B. Martin, 1". J. Martin, Albert D. 
Smith, Charles A. Munn, Henry N. Munn, J. Montgomery Hare, Appleton D. Palmer, Richard Pan- 
coast, PVederick E. Snow, Henry A. Page, Robert W. Hawkesvvorth, Charles V. Watson and John C. 
Wilmerding. The club-house and tennis grounds are located on the corner of Berkley Avenue and 
Montrose Avenue, South Orange. There are no finer tennis grounds in the whole country. The club 
leases about ten acres; it is perfectly smooth and level and is almost entirely surrounded by a grove 
of forest trees. The grounds are divided into eight grass courts and two clay courts. The club achieved 
a reputation almost from the start and some of the finest players in the country were brought together 
here. In the summer of 1882 the memorable contest took place between Sears and Dwight when, after 
a spirited contest Listing two days, Sears succeeded in wresting the victor\- from Dr. Dwight, his tennis 
preceptor. 

The Middle States championship has been held on these grounds since the summer of 1892. The 
magnificent silver cup offered in 1887, so often contested for, has passed through several hands and has 
inscribed on it probably more names than that of any other cuj) in the country. It was won in 1S87 b\- 
R. L. Beekman, in 1888-9 ^Y Uowartl Taylor, in 1890 by F-. P. McMullen, in 1891 by C. E. Sands, in 
1892-3 by Richard Stevens, in 1894-5 by W. A. Earned and in 1896 by Clarence Hobart. The victor, to 
hold it permanently, must win the cup three times. No one as yet has won it more than twice. During 
the si.xteen years of its e.xistence the Orange Lawn Tennis Club has brought into iironiinence man}- 
players who have won honors for the club on many a hard- fought field. 

Those who have filled the office of President of the club since its organization are: R. J. Cross, 
1880-83; Edward Win.slow, 1883-86; J. Crosby Brown, 18S6 ; Henry F. Hitch, 1887-91; Chas. A- 
Munn, 1891-95; Russell A. Griffin, 1895, still in office. The club still maintains the reputation it has 
achieved and has a membership of 150, composed of the best class of citizens of all the Oranges. The 




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The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 363 

present officers arc: President, Russell A. Griffin; Secretary, Stanley W.ircJ : Treasurer, S. Hryan 
Kneass. Directors, in addition to the above, Charles A. Munn, Walter I). Oslicrnr. Mrnest M. I'rice, 
Clifford A. Gould. 

South Okanck Field Cl.rn. This club was organized in tiie summer of i88y, for tiie purpose 
of encouraging out-door sports of all kinds and for promoting social intercourse and physical culture. 
The first meeting for organization was held at the house of William F. Allen, in South Orange, June 
14, l8Sy, and forty-four gentlemen signed the following agreement : "['he undersigned hereby agrees 
to become a member of an athletic club for South Orange and vicinity under by-laws to be hereafter 
adopted, the initiation fee not to exceed §5." The first officers of the club were: Reune Martin, 
President; William H. Curtis. Vice-President; Henry W. Freeman, Treasurer; I^obcrt Speer, Secretary. 
These, with otiicis, comprised the Executive Committee or Governing Board. 

During the summer of 1889 tiie club played baseball and tennis at Dr. l-"enner's field, anil in the 
fall of the same year effected a five year lease with the Meadow Land Society whereby the cost of all 
grading be paid for by issuing stock to the Field Club of equal value, the same to be sold by the Field 
Club, so that practically the expense of grading was borne by the Meadow Land Society. A barn which 
stood on the ])remiscs was presented to the club by E. H. Mead in January. 1890. This was remodelled 
and inipro\e(l, and served a very good purpose as a club-house for some years, while it lasted. In 
1890 many improvements and additions were made, which included bowling alley, tennis club, baseball 
grounds, etc., and the membership of the club increased to 220 active and 55 junior members. In 1S93, 
new by-laws enacted provided for a board of twelve governors to control the affairs of the club, eacii 
governor to be a chairman of some important committee, etc. A skating pond and other additions 
were made in 1894 and the membership increased to over 400. The club-house was destroyed by fire in 
January, 1895, and arrangements were soon after effected for building a larger and more commodious 
building. This contains two billiard, two pool tables, four bowling alleys, a locker room for senior and 
also for junior members ; the cost of the building was between §10,000 and $' 1,000. The club now owns 
the ground on which the club-house stands — about two acres — and leases about eighteen acres additional. 
It has three baseball diamonds, a full qnartcr-niile track — cinder — seven clay tennis courts, two or more 
spaces for crotjuet ; for the autumn, two football fields, and for the winter, two acres of ice for skating. 
The total value of property owned by the club is about §15,000. 

The following persons have served as officers of the club since the second year of its organization : 
Presidents. — Reune Martin, 1890-91 ; W.H.Curtis, 1S92-93; R.S.Sinclair, 1894; Spencer Miller, 1S95. 
Vice-Presidents— W. H. Curtis, 1890-91 ; N. B. Martin, 1892-93; M. H. Roberts, 1894; A. C. Babson. 
1895. Secretaries. — R. W. Spier, 1890-92; T. Stallnecht, 1892-93; W. W. Palen, 1894, still in office. 
Treasurers. — H. W. Freeman, 1891-92-93; L. Middleditch, 1894-95. The present officers and Board 
of Governors are: President, Walter J. McCoy; Vice-President, W. J. Nevius; Treasurer, Philip 
Muder; Secretary, II. W. Palen; Austen Colgate, Orange ; Rev. R. II. (iage, C. G. Kidder, Orange; 
J. J. Hathaway, J. G. Hagemcyer, E. C. Sherman. The present membership is 370, of which there are 
resident members, 195; non-resident, 115; juniors, 60. 

PERSONAL HISTORY AND HOMES OF THE BUILDERS OF SOUTH ORANGE. 

The first and oldest of those cla.ssitied as his Builders of South Orange — .\bijah F. Tiilou - is a 
descendant of one of the Founders, the father having become a resident at the Mountain before Orange 
was set off from Newark. Peter Tiilou. the grandfather of Abijah F., was a descendant of one of the 
early Huguenot families of New York City, and was by trade a chair maker. He married Mary Brown, 
daughter of Joseph Brown, a descendant of one of the earliest settlers of South Orange. The home- 
stead farm of the Browns has remained continuously in that family since it was first acquired from the 
Indians. 

Josepli B. Tiilou, son of Peter and father of .Abijah F.. was born in New York City in 1773, and 



364 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



came with his uncle to South Orange in 1783, just at the close of the W.ir of the Revolutimi ; he was 
then ten years of a<ye. He became a prosperous farmer and acquired considerable land. He married 
Marv, daughter of Aniws I'reeman, a descendant of Stephen Freeman, one of the original settlers of 
Newark. 

AmiAli FKKKNr AX Til i.ou, son of Joseph F. and Marj- (Freeman) Tillou, was born at the home- 
stead of his father on the Ridgewood Road, October 3, 1810. 
He -worked on the farm and assisted his brother at shoemaking. 
lie inherited his father's farm, a portion of which he divided 
into plots which he sold to good advantage. At the time 
the township of South Orange was incorporated he had been 
for a number of years a trustee of the village and has since 
served on the Township Committee. His life has been full of 
modest usefulness, active, industrious, efficient. The purit\' of 
his motives, the constancy of his principles, the inviolability 
of his trusts have been observed and relied ujion b_\" the entire 
community. Mr. Tillou has already passed his four score and 
si.x years, but is still strong and hearty and attends personally 
to all his business affairs. He is full of reminiscence and is 
one of the connecting links between the present and the past. 
As a stockholder and director of the Orange National ]5ank 
he attends its weekly meetings and interests himself in its 
affairs. His personal history has been identified with the 
history of the South Orange I'resbyterian Church, of which 
for many years he has been a consistent member and a trustee. 
Mr. Tillou married, in 1S44, I'amelia I^rowii. daughter of 
Samuel Brown, son of Joseph, who was in the same line of 
descent of that of his granilmother. The issue of this marriage is Mary Fllen, Samuel B., Daniel W. 





_/. Ju/iriAy 



THE REDMOND FAMILY. 

The name of Redmond has been so long associated with the history of South Orange as to appear 
ancient history. Oidy three names have been connected with the large estate which bears his 
name, since the red man of the forest parted with it for a few strings of wampum. 

W'll.l.I.VM Rehmond was born in Count)' Antrim, Ireland, in October, 1806. He came to this 
coinUry at the age of .seventeen, and settled first in Charleston, S. C. and removed thence to New York 
City, where he carried on a successful business for some years and acejuired a competence After 
spending two summers in Orange he purchased, in 1850, a large tract of land fronting on the Ridgewood 
Road, and extending to the top of the mountain. This was a part of the Ludington. later known as 
the -Squire farm, and included the Squire homestead, built in 1774, still in a good state of preservation. 
Mr. Redmond came to South Orange to enjoy the quiet life of a country gentleman. He was fond of 
good horses, and was the first to introduce Jersey cows in this section of country. He maile ni.in_\- im- 
provements on the place, and built the large brown-stone mansion which, in its day, was considered one 
of the finest in this part of the country. His religious connections were with St. Mark's Church, 
Orange, until the organization of the Church of the Holy Communion in Soutli Orange, in which he 
became greatly interested, and contributed materially to its success. He was a man of great kindness 
of heart and of generous impul.ses. He died September 13, 1874. Mr. Redmond married Sabina, 
daughter of Goold lloyt, a native of Norwalk, Conn., who.se wife was Sabina Sheaf, of Philadeljihia. 
He was a man of great liberality. He gave S'0,000 to the Episcopal Church. One of his sons married 
a daughter of Gen. Winficld Scott. Goold Hoyt was a direct descendant of Deacon Zerubbabel Hoyt, 
one of nine persons who, by act of the General Court, were to purchase of the Indians a certain tract of 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 365 

land lying about fourteen miles nortlnvard of tlie town of Norwalk, Conn., to settle a plantation there. 
Hoyt's Island, mentioned in the Fairfield records of 1649. was named from the ancestor. Mrs. Red- 
moiul tiicd in Much, 1870, reijretted by all who knew her She was a noble e.\ample of Christian 
womanhood. She was always ready to listen to the tales of the needy or those in distress. Her words 
of advice and counsel were freely given to those in need, and her purse always o])en to help the worthy 
l)oor. Her children, and the many recipients of her kindness and bounty, " rise uj) to call her blessed." 
Of the large family of five sons and si.K daughters left by Mr. and Mrs. Redmond, only two are settled 
in South Orange ; one of these, Sabina, married J. Walter Wood. Mrs. Wood has been interested in 
the Orange Memorial Hospital and the Orange Training School for Nurses, of which latter institution 
she has been President for the past five years. She was also one of the founders <if the House of Good 
Shepherd, one of the noblest charities ever established in the Oranges. 

J. Walter Wood, who married Sabina Redmond, is a native of Glasgow, Scotland. His ancestors 
for se\eral generations have been pmniincnt in .Scotland as merchants and bankers. His father was con- 
nected with a large banking firm in Scotland, which had branches in London, Liverpool and New York. 
Mr. Wood came with his parents to this country in 1845 He was graduated at Columbia C(»llege, and 
was afterwards a partner in his father's firm lie was also in business with his brother-in law, under the 
firm name of Wood & Redmnnd ; later of J. Walter Wood & Co. He retired from business in 187X. 
He moved to South Orange in 1856, and was one of the founders of the Church of the Holy Com- 
munion. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Wood are : Sabina Redmond, married Robert Struthers, Jr.; 
Mary Redmond, married Frank R. Martin; Harriet Amelia, married Herman C. Hoskin ; J. Walter, Jr. 

Another daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Redmond, who has a summer residence in South Orange, is 
Mrs. R. J. Cross. 

JOHN QORHAM VOSE. M. O. ll.ilsled in East Orange, David N. Ropes in Orange, Llewellyn 
S. Haskell in West Orange, and John Gorham Vose in South Orange, were the pioneers in the develop- 
ment of these several localities. None of them lived to witness the fruition of their hopes or the 
completion of their plans. John G. Vosc lived in advance of his time, but he possessed the remarkable 
faculty of drawing others to himself and impressing them wiili his own enthusiasm and his own way of 
thinking. He was no visionary; he was thoroughly practical, as evidenced by the work he accomp- 
lished. He was cut off in the midst of his labors in the very prime of life, with no one man to take 
up the work where he left it. 

John Gorham Vose was born in Boston, Mass., in 1829; died March 17, 1874. He was the son of 
Reuben \'osc, .a descendant of, probably, Robert Vose, who settled in Milton, Mass., in 1638. For si.\ 
generations the male members of this family were noted ship builders and were nearly all men of mark. 
Mr. \'ose was a graduate of New York University and was for many years a member of a large New 
York law firm. Mr. Vose began spending his summers in Orange Valley in 1859, and became deejily 
impressed with the beauty of his surroundings and its possibilities as a place of suburban residence. It 
w,is not until 1871 that he began his real estate operations in the valley and beyond. He purchased 
the old Jotham Ouinby farm on Scotland Road, subsequently known as the Graham farm, containing 
some seventv-odd acres. He began by laying out, in connection with Mr. Page, that section of 
Montrose ,\vcnue lying between Scotland and X'alley Roads. He purchased other property, including 
the Dcas farm ; the whole purchase amounting to upwards of one hundred and seventy-five acres. His 
property e.xtended from Centre Street on the east to Valley Road on the west; from beyond Montrose 
Avenue on the north to South Orange Avenue on the south. He opened Montrose, Sterling, Warwick, 
Haxtun, Raymond and Ralston Avenues, Randolph Place, Grove Road, etc. He built a number of 
handsome residences, and for his own use, upon the summit of the hill on Montrose Avenue, he built a 
magnificent and palatial residence. 

The property at the time of his purchase w.is worth from *500 to $700 an acre. It has since 
increased in value to more than ten times that amount. Mr. X'osc started various other enterprises, 



366 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



among which was the Newark and South Orange Horse Car Comijany, of whicli he was President. He 
was the chief mover in the founding of the Memorial Hospital and Dispensary, and had he li\ cd, it was 
his intention to provide that institution with a liberal endowment. He was almost prodigal in his 
generosity and gave freely to both public and private objects of benevolence. His social qualities 
endeared him to all who knew him, and his friends were legion. He was a member of the Orange 
Valley Congregational Church and, while he held no official position, he was a great help to the church 
financially. He was a man of domestic tastes and a most devoted husband and father. He married 
Myra R. Haxtun, daughter of Andrew R. Ilaxtun, of New \'ork City. The death of his wife was the 
means of hastening his own deatli. lie left a son and three daughters, also a sister, the wife of Mr. 
John Van Vechten, of South Orange. 



Tin: Coxnett Homkste.M) on Scotland Road. It would be difficult to find in this whole region 
of country east of the Mountain a more delightful location for a residence tiian the one selected by Mr. 
Eugene V. Connett. It is picturesque and historic, and corresponds to the description so often referred 
to in the early records as " Upper 

Chestnut Hill." The property con- |p_^^^^ ^. i* ,4 ^^ 
sists of about seven acres, fronting 
on Scotland Road, beautifully laid 
out in lawn, with here and there a 
bed of flowers, which adds a bright 
coloring to the Iaiidscai)e. With 
the exception of the wide lawn in 
front, which leaves an unobstructi\e 
view (if the liciuse from Scotland 
Road, the whole place is covered 
with a variety of evergreen and forest 
trees, which gives it the appearance 
of a private park. The entrance is 
through a winding carriageway, just 
where Scotland Road forms a shar|) 
bend to the east, continuing in a 
northerly direction. 

The large frame villa — Queen 
Anne style — with its broad verandas 
and roomy interiors, is in delightful contrast to some of the modernized, so-called "Colonial" structures, 
conspicuous for the largest amount of roof attainable, with the smallest amount of comfort and con- 
venience. The house stands on a broad, level plateau, on the crest of the hill. On the south side there 
is a steep declivity, ending in a deep ravine, through which flows a little ri\ulet, apparentlj- running 
ujiwards to the mountain, but turning abruptly to the left, continues its course, uniting with the west 
branch of the Railway River. 

Mr. Connett was one of the pioneers in the movement which led to the development of South 
Orange as a ])lace of suburban residence. He came here in 1865, and during his residence of thirty or 
more years he has been in some wa\' connected with almost ever\- public mo\ement that tentietl to atl- 
vance the interest of the community or improve the condition of the village. He served five years as a 
member of the Hoard of \'illage Trustees, and two years, 1894 to 1896, as President of the \illage. He 
assisted those who were trying to maintain a public library for the benefit of the citizens of South 
Orange, and his recent generous gift of a plot of ground, on Scotland Street, on which to erect a build- 
ing for this institution, places him among the foremost of our public benefactors, and he received, as he 
justly deserved, the grateful acknowledgements of his fellow citizens. His gift enabled those who had 




THE CON.NKIT 



Tin: I'OUNDKRs and Huii.dkks oi' the Ouanges. 367 

been so long working to cstablisli a free library to complete tiieir work, serving as it tiiil as an incentive 
to others bj' inducing additional contributions, so that when it was finally opened to the public it was 
dedicated free of debt. 

The various members of Mr. Connctl's family have been equally conspicuous for their good works 
in the communit)-. II is wife has been especially active in the various local benevolent and clturch 
organizations, while his sons are prominent in the clubs and social organizations 

THE BREWER FAMILY. 

William II. Hrcwcr, Jr, who represents the New England brancii of this family, was one of the 
l)ionccrs of the new settlement in South Orange. He is a direct descendant of Daniel Hrewer, wiio 
came to this country in \(->\2 and settled in Boston. The line of descent is through Nathaniel (1), son 
of Daniel, Nathaniel (Ji, Nathaniel (3), Nathaniel (4;, Samuel and William Augustus. 

William Augustus Hrewer, son of Samuel and .Sail}' (Norton) Hrewer, was born in Boston, Mass., 
March 21, 1807; died in the house of his son, in South Orange, April II, 1890. He was a druggist in 
lioston for many )ears, hut thiring the latter years of his life resided with his son in South Orange. 
He married Mary Sawin Hunting, daughter of Ikla Hunting, a direct descendant of John, of Dedham. 
Mass., 1638. They had four children, of whom William Augustus. Jr., was the eldest. 

Wil.i l.\M AlM.lsrUs Brkwer, J K, eldest son of William A. and Mary Sawin (Hunting) Brewer, 
was born in Boston, Mass., October 9, 1835; was graduated in the Lawrence Scientific Department, 
of Harvard, in 1854. For about two years he engaged in civil engineering and was afterw.ird 
appointed to a position in the Actuary's Department of the New York Mutual Life Insurance 
Company. On the organizatien of tiie Washington Life Insurance Company, of New York, in iSfJO, 
Mr, Hrewer became its Secretary and Actuary, and nine years later was made \'ice-Presidenl ; he was 
elected President of the company in 1S79, •'''"J ^t^'" continues in that position. 

Mr. Brewer came to South Orange in 1S67 and bought the old landmark known as the "Stone 
House by the Stone House Brook." He built a modern house in front and made additions to the rear 
leaving as much as possible of the old house in its original condition. He named the place Aldworth, 
signifying "old mansion." Mr. Brewer has taken part in all the efforts to ad\ance the growth of South 
Orange since he became a resident. He was Commissioner of Assessments for a number of years, was 
President of the village 1875-77, and Secretary and President of the South Orange Library A.s.sociation 
for a long period. He was one of the Commissioners of Drainage appointed by the Court of Common 
Pleas in 1881 to provide means for draining the east branch of the Rahway River. He was one 
of the original members of the New England Society, of Orange, and was for twelve years its 
Treasurer, two years Vice President and President for two years. He is a member of the Episcopal 
Church of the Holy Communion, of South Orange. Mr. Brewer married Bella Calvert Fisher, daughter 
of Charles Willis l"islur, of Medway, Mass. Their children are May, married laigene V. Connett, Jr., 
Graham IL, Calvert, Clara, married William A. Minott. 

THE TLIRREIT. FATIILY. 

TheTurrell family settled in Liiclifuld and I'.iirficld Counties, Conn., in the early part of the seven- 
teenth century. In the earliest recortls the name is spelled Terril and Terrill, but was changed some 
years later. It is a noteworthy fact that a descendant of the same family was among the early settlers 
of Connecticut P\arms, N. J., and appears at a little later date at what is now South Orange. By the 
will of Daniel Riggs, dated October I, 1786 (whose homestead occupied the site of the rectorj- of the 
Church of the Holy Communion, in South Orange), he conveys a farm known as "Bower's Place" to 
one of his sons, "excepting five acres on the .southeasterly corner thereof, which he gave to his daughter, 
Phebe Terril." The immediate ancestor of George B. Turrell, so long identified with South Orange as 
one of its chief Builders, was Jonathan Turrell, who was settled in the town of Munro, Conn., about 



368 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

nine miles north of Bridgeport. He enlisted in the l-'rencii and Indian W'ai', 1754-1762. and died in the 
service about 1757. He sent home his powder horn with his name engraved on it. coupled witli the 
request that it should descend through his line to those bearin<; the name of Jonathan, lie left two 
sons, the eldest of whom, CVnrr. was about nine years of age at the time of his father's death. 

Oliver Turrell, son of Jonathan Turrell, was born at Monroe, Conn., about 174S. He subsequently 
removed to New Milford, Conn. He was among the first to enlist in the War of the Revolution and went 
with the Connecticut troops to "the Relief of Boston in the Lexington Alarm," April, 1775, and was 
afterwards regularly enlisted in the "Connecticut Line." He was at the battles of Le.Kington, Bunker 
Hill and a few months later in the hard fought battles of Long Island and White I'lains, N. \'. ile 
re-enlisted May 26, 1777, in the regular service, honorably discharged January 9, 177S, and was probably 
witii the Connecticut Militia after this, as it is .said he served throughout the war. He married Huldah, 
daughter of Abel Barnum, a descendant in the fourth generation of Thom.is Harnum, one of the first 
eight settlers of Danbury, in 1684-5: removed later to Fairfield, Conn. 01i\er Turrell had, among 
other children, Williaiii J . 

William J. Turrell, son of Oliver and Huldah (Barnum) Turrell, was born at New Miifonl, Conn., 
in 1791. He served in the W'ar of 1812-15. He was a farmer and a leading man in the town, a mem- 
ber of the School Committee and held other local offices. He was also a member of the Baptist Church. 
IK' married Foll\- Bearss, daughter of Benjamin Bearss and Ruth Benedict. The latter was a descendant 
of Thomas Benedict, born in Nottinghamshire, England; died in Norwalk, Conn., 1690. The children 
of William J. and Polly (Bearssj Turrell were: Laura, Lucy, Benjamin, Caroline. Gcors^c Jninditt, 
\\ illiani and I'oll)- Ann. 

(a-MKci'. BknedICT Tukkeil, fifth child of William J. and Polly (Bearssi Turrell, was born at New 
l'"airficld. Conn., March 26, 1825. He attended the public school of his native village and Pro''essor 
L-vvin's Hanbury Academy. At the age of seventeen he obtained a clerkship in a village store at South 
Farms, and soon after he became of age was taken into partnership with his emploj'er, under the firm 
name of Pickett & Turrell. About six years later he went to Waterbury, Conn , and bought out the 
store of the Watcrville Manufacturing Company. He continued his interest in this business, but w ith- 
drew his active service soon after to accept the Secretaryship of the Tuttle Manufacturing Company of 
Naugatuck, Conn., one of the largest manufactories of hoes, forks and other agricultural tools in the 
country. He came to New York City in 1854, to assume cliarge of the company's affairs at that point. 
He withdrew from active service one year later, and entered into partnership with his brother-in-law in 
the cloth-finishing business, under the firm name of Migeon & Turrell. He continued in this for several 
years, and did a prosperous business. Li i860 Mr. Turrell, with two others, organized the Union Phird- 
ware Company of Torrington, Conn., wliich became one of the largest mamifactories of skates and other 
hardware in the country. In 1874 he was induced to accept the Presidency of the company, and con- 
tinued in this capacity until 1889, when he retiied from active service, but still continues his interest in 
the business as director and adviser. 

About 188S Mr. Turrell bought what was known as the "Red Gate Farm," located at Newton, 
Sussex County, N. J., consisting of 324 acres, which had been brought to the highest state of culti\ation, 
and it was knoivn as the "model farm of New Jersey." He grew the first cro[) of tobacco ever raised 
in Sussex County, lie stocked the farm with a herd of seventy of the best Jersey cows, many of which 
were imported ilirect from the Island of Jersey. He introduced a system of cooling and aerating milk 
by which it coukl be safely bottled and ready for shipment within twenty minutes after it came from 
the cow, instead of waiting ten or twelve hours, as was the case under the old process. His process was 
by trickling the milk over a series of horizontal copper pipes, through which cold water was kept con- 
stantly running, each layer of pipe (\vhich was nearly flat oval instead of round), being cooler than the 
one above it. By this method of treatment, all the animal heat, ofTensive odors and gases, were thrown 
off, which permitted the milk to take up a sufficient quantity of oxygen to preserve it for several hours, 
and rendered the milk absolutely pure. This process has since been adopted by most of the leading 




GEORGE B. TURRELL. 



The Founders and Huh.ders ok the Oranges. S'V) 

milk producers. The milk was shipped to Brooklyn and yielded tlie producer double the price of that 
received by others treated under the old process, which recjuircd twelve hours to cool. In addition to 
his Jersey cows Mr. Turrell stocked his farm with 125 black-faced Southdown sheep. The management 
of this farm, w hile it afforded great pleasure and recreation to Mr. Turrell, he found that it absorbed 
too much of his time, and after bringing it up to a high state of cultivatiun he sold it, and has since 
given his attention to his other business affairs. 

In all his business enterprises Mr. Turrell has met witii unvar\-iiig success, and every change he has 
made has been one step higher. His success is not due to what the world calls luck or good fortune, 
but to those great underlying principles which are the fountlation of true character — notable character- 
istics of his ancestors, viz : honesty, probity and a conscientious regard for the rights of others. ,\dded 
to this, his general kindly nature, uniform courtes)- and urbanity of manner, by which means his circle 
of friends and acquaintance were widened from \ear to year. 

When Mr. Turrell came to South Orange, in 1864, it was then but little more than a hamlet. It 
contained only a few modern houses, and "village improvements" were then an "unknown quantity." 
Its miles of well-paved and well-lighted streets, its splenditl drainage, and its reputation as a healthful 
suburban resort, are due largely to his efforts and to his hearty co-operation with other enterprising 
residents. Mr. Turrell purcha.sed what was known as the Sprague property, on Scotland Street, consist- 
ing of eleven acres. He enlarged the house, adding a number of modern improvements, in hard-wood 
finish and other decorations in the interior, making it one of the most elegant mansions in this part of 
South Orange. In 1891 he opened a street through his property, from Scotland Street to Grove Road, 
which, at the request of his neighbors, was named Turrell Avenue. The property has since been laid 
out in building lots, and on these he erected two beautiful cottages —one for his son and the other for 
his married daughter. 

Mr. Turrell was one of the chief promoters of the plan for securing a charter for the village of South 
Orange, in 1869; he was one of the original trustees and was elected President of the village the follow- 
ing year. In the autumn following, owing to failing health, he was obliged to resign, and went abroad 
for a time. On his return he was again elected President. During his travels on the continent he made 
a careful study of the system of road-making, and in his report for 1874 he recommended, among other 
improvements, the system of road-making which he described as "Construction by Repairs," but which 
has since become known as the " Turrell pavement." It met with strong opposition at the outset, not- 
withstanding its economic features, but after a thorough test it was finally adopted by the village 
authorities, and has proved to be the best and most econnmical of any system now in use, effecting a 
saving in the cost of construction of nearly five thousand dollars a mile. While not apparently aggres- 
sive, Mr. Turrell has been persistent and persevering in his efforts for this and other village improve- 
ments. Owing to the large amount of surface water deposited from the streams, and the imperfect 
drainage, the village for a time was in a very unhealthy condition. 

Mr. Turrell was appointed by the Court of Common Pleas, in iS8r, as one of three Commissioners 
of Drainage, to act under a law passed by the Legislature of New Jersey, in March, iSSi, making it the 
duty of such commissioners to first determine if drainage was necessary for public health, and if so, 
giving them ample power to carry out the work. A thorough system for draining the east branch of 
the Rahwa)- River in Snuth Orange was commenced by the commissioners in 1882 and completed in 
about two years time, and residents of South Orange have reason to be grateful for the accomplishment 
of a work that has contributed so much to the healthfulness of the village. The present site of the 
Field Club forms a part of the lands reclaimed from a bog covered with water and filth most of the 
year, and now transformed into a place of be.iuty and jileasure. This entire locality is now one of 
the healthiest in the State <>f New Jersey. 

Mr. Turrell was also one of the i)romoters of the Meadow Land Society, and during his residence 
of more than thirty years has been identified with every movement tending to the advancement of the 
moral, physical and social condition of the people of this locality. He is a trustee in the Presbyterian 



3^o The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

Cliuicli and a generous contributor to its support, and was a large contributor to tlie additions and 
improvements made in enlarging the church edifice. Mr. Turrell married Elise J. Migeon, daughter of 
Henri Migeon, a native of France and a warm personal friend of the Marquis de Lafayette. Mr. Migeon 
came to this country with letters of introduction from Lafayette to Mr. Howe, then Mayor of New 
York City, couched in the most flattering terms, which, with other correspondence with Lafayette, are 
deposited with the Connecticut Historical Society, at Hartford, Conn. Mr. Migeon established a 
successful business in New York City. He subsequently purchased and resided in the old Gov. Wolcott 
homestead, at Litchfield, Conn. Of the children of George B. and Elise J. (Migeon) Turrell, two only 
are living. William H. occupies a cottage near his father's residence ; Elise married Harvey L Underbill, 
formerly agent of the Guion line of steamers. She also resides in one of the cottages built by her 
father. Louise, the wife of Dr. E. T. Weed, died in 1894. 

The Residence ok Thomas S. Kingman, situated on the corner of Montrose Avenue and Centre 
Street, is the most striking in appearance and shows more individuality, if not originality, than any 
house in South Orange. It possesses many of the characteristics of the Elizabethian style of architect- 
ure, but is varied somewhat to suit the present tastes of the owner. It is built entirely of brick and 
is paneled above the first story. Instead, however, of adopting the sixteenth century style of panels, in 
plaster, these are formed of brick, set in herring-bone pattern, giving a striking and yet a most pleasing 
effect. The windows, doors and exterior trimmings conform in appearance to the general style indicated. 
The exterior of the house is unique in design and finish. While there are no two rooms alike, there is 
nothing offensive to the e\-e or taste of the observer, and there is a perfect blending and iiarmony of 
Color throughout. Every room is a study of itself. The finish and decorations of the rooms on the 
first floor represent the English, German and French styles of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. 
The walls of the dining-room are covered with canvas and painted in oil colors. In the sitting-room 
adjoining, the ceilings are formed of quartered oak panels, with decorative tints to correspond, the body 
of material being of plaster. The large parlor, light and airy, is thoroughly French, both in the 
trimmings and decorations. The walls and ceilings are finished in the most delicate tints, with here and 
there a bit of stronger coloring to brighten the effect. Red, blue and green, with a background of 
light tints, are the prevailing colors of the rooms on the second floor, while the furniture, coverings, etc., 
are in perfect harmony with the decorations. 

Mr. Kingman's fondness for the antique has led to his selection of some rare old pieces of furniture 
dating back to the twelfth and fifteenth centuries. These form an appropriate setting to the antique 
surroundings. In his travels abroad many years ago, Mr. Kingman found a painting of " Priscilla," 
which forms the subject of Miles Standish's and John Alden's courtship, the conception being the ideal 
work of a foreign artist. This painting forms an interesting link in the history of Mr. Kingman's 
family, as will be shown hereafter. Both on the paternal and maternal sides, Mr. Kingman is itlentified 
with the Pilgrim Fathers, and his descent is traced in an unbroken line from the original settlers of the 
Massachusetts Ha\' Colony. 

THE KINGMAN FAMILY. 

llcnry Kingman, of Weymouth, .Mass., the .\merican ancestor, came from Wales in 1632. He was 

made a freeman in 1636; grand juror in 1637; representative, 1638 and 1652. He married Joanna . 

He died about 1666, aged seventy-four. He had si.x children, of whom Jolin was the third child. 

Jolin Kingman, third child of Henry and Joanna ( ) Kingman, was born probably about 1650. 

He purchased of Michael Bacon, Jr., of Billerica, the estate of West Bridgewater, Mass.. formerly be- 
longing to Daniel Bacon. He married Elizabeth , and had children, John, Henry {2), born 1668, 

and four others. He died in 1690. 

Henry (2) Kingman, second son of John and Eli/abeth (^ ) Kingman, was born in 166S. He 

married Bethiah, daughter of John Howard. Their children were: Bethiah, Elizabeth, Sarah. Martha, 




THOMAS S. KINGMAN. 



TiiK Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 371 

Henry {i), born April 19.1701; Kezi.ih, born 1703; Hannah, born 1705. married John Aldcn. son of 
Isaac, son of Hon. John Aldcn, the Pilgrim ancestor; the other children were, Jonathan, born 1708; 
Anne, born 1710; Mary, born 1713. 

Henry (3) Kin<,^man, fifth child of Henry (2) and Bethia (^Howard) Kingman, was born .\pril 19, 
1701. He married Mary, daughter of Samuel Allen, and had among other children, Matthc-u, hoxn 
September 8, 1732. 

Matthew Kingman, second son and eighth child of Henry (3) and Mary (Allen) Kingman, was born 
September S, 1732. He married Jane, daughter of David Packard, and had Abel, born August 22, 1768. 

Abel Kingman, son of Mattliew and Jane (Packard) Kingman, was born August 22, 176.8. He 
married Lucy Washburn, daughter of Elisha Washburn, of Kingston, Mass., son of William, son of 
William, son of John (3), son of John (2), son of John Washburn, the ancestor, who was the first Secrc- 
tar\- of the Council of Plymouth, I-lngland ; he, with his two sons, were of the original proprietors of 
Bridgcwatcr. Hon. Abel Kingman, above mentioned, occupied a conspicuous place in the administra- 
tion of the municipal government of North Bridgewater. Tew men lived longer or led a more active 
and enterprising life than he. l-'or a number of years he rejjrcsented the town in the Legislature of 
Massachusetts, and for two years occupied a seat in the State Senate, from Plymouth County. He was 
a Justice of the Peace, Captain in the militia, and held other public offices. He died January' 19, 1850, 
aged eighty-two. He had among other children, Abel Washburn, born April 22, 1806. 

Abel Washburn Kingman, M. D., son of Hon. Abel and Lucy (Washburn) Kingman, was born at 
North Bridgewater, Mass., April 22, 1806: graduated at Amherst College in 1830, and soon after began 
the practice of medicine in his native town. He married Clari.ssa Alden, daughter of William Alden, 
son of Samuel (2), son of Samuel (i), son of " Deacon Joseph," son of Joseph, son of Hon. John Alden, 
who came to Plymouth in the Mayflower, in 1620. His name has been immortalized in verse by Long- 
fellow, in "The Courtship of Miles Standish," the courting being done by John Alden as the "proxy" 
of the redoubtable Captain, who became the prineipal \n the affair, through the reply of Priscilla in the 
form of a query, "Why don't you speak for j'ourself, John?" John Alden married Priscilla, daughter 
of William Mullins. The children of Dr. Abel Washburn and Clarissa (Alden) Kingman were: Francis 
Williams, Clara Gifford, Abel Willard, Hannah Williams, Thomas Sewall, Helen Barton Elliot. 

Thomas Sewai.i. Kixcman, third son of Dr. Abel and Clarissa (Alden) Kingman, was born in 
North Bridgewater, Mass., April 5, 1840. He attended the public school and later the academy kept by 
Dr. Adams, at Newton, Mass. He entered the large wholesale dry goods house of Jordan Marsh Co., 
of Boston, and remained in the employ of this firm for thirteen years, rising from the lowest to the 
highest position in the house, viz., that of buyer and manager of the dry goods department. The push, 
energy and perseverance which led to his success were traits inherited from his father and grandfather. 
His first real estate venture began while he was in the employ of this firm. He purchased property in 
that part of the city of Brockton known as Winchester Park, where he built and sold fourteen houses, 
the first built in the park, and thus laid the foundation for a successful and prosperous settlement, it 
being now occupied by a large number of fine residences. 

Mr. Kingman came to New York City in 1870 and took a similar position— that of dress goods 

buyer with A. T. Stewart & Co , and continued in the employ of this firm for twelve years. With 

twenty-five years' experience in two of the largest houses in this country, he embarked in business for 
himself in 1S82, under the firm name of Brown, Wood & Kingman, dry goods and commission merchants. 
The firm did a successful business from the start, and Mr. Kingman retained an active interest in the 
business until 1892; since that time he has been largely engaged in real estate operations. 

Mr. Kingman's connection with the Oranges began in 1S76. He lived for about a year on the 
Fuller place and then bought land on what was known as the Elliot place, where he erected an elegant 
mansion. After living there for about six years he bought, as has already been stated, the Bishop 
Baldwin farm, and soon after merged his individual interests into the syndicate which continued the 
work begun by him. This, however, did not prevent him from engaging extensively in other real estate 



372 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

operations, all of which liavc been successful. He is a man of ij'cnerous impulses and considerate of 
the wants of others, and all his business operations have been conducted on that hiL;h plane which 
always inspires confidence between man and man. His aim has been to pro\ide beautiful homes for men 
of means who had neither the time nor the inclination to attend to the details of building. Mr. King- 
man, while aiding to the extent of his ability in maintaining the cause of good government, has always 
been averse to holding public office, and would ne\er consent to the use of his name in this connection. 
Mr. Kin"-man married Miss .\nna 11. Jenks, daughter of Uavid Barclay Jenks, one of the brightest and 
most promising young lawyers in the State of Pennsylvania, who died at an early age. His brother, 
Hon. George A. Jenks, has long been recognized as one of the ablest lawyers in the country. He filled 
many positions of honor and trust, and was appointed Solicitor General of the United States by Presi- 
dent Cleveland, in 1888. The children of Thomas S. and Anna H. (Jenk.s) Kingman are: Nellie L., 
Tom Sidney, Mabel, Russell Barclay. 

THE MINOTT FAHILY. 

Since the first settlement of I'last New Jersey b_\- the Puritan founders there has been a steady 
influx from New England, and this has always been the predominating element in the building up of 
the Oranges. Among this number, whose influence has been felt in no small degree, is that of the 
Minott family, represented by Joseph A. Minott. This name is found among the earliest of the New 
England settlers. It is of English origin, and is traced to Thomas Minott, Esq., Secretary to the Abbott 
of Walden, by whom he was advanced to great possessions. 

Elder George Minot, the American progenitor, was the son of Thomas Minot, Esc]., of Saffron, 
Walden, Essex, England, and was born August 4, 159^. He was among the first Pilgrim emigrants 
to Massachusetts, and of the first settlers of Dorchester, Mass. His place of residence was near Nepon- 
set Bridge, and he owned the land which has since become known as " Squantum." He was made a 
freeman in 1634, and represented the town in 1635-6. He was one of the first signers of the Church 
Covenant, and was a ruling elder in the church for thirty years. He died December 24, 167 1. He was 
a contemporary with Elder Humphrey. '"His death," says the record, " was much lamented by the 
town." A gravestone in the old hurying-ground of Dorchester cont.iin^ the following: 

" Here lies the body of Unite Humphrey and Shining; Minot ; 
Such names as these they never die out." 

By his wife, Martha, who died December 23, 1657, he had issue: John, born 1626 ;/,?/;/, -.f, born 
1628; Stephen, born 1631, and Samuel, born 1635. 

James Minott, second child of Elder George and Martha ( ) Minot, was born December 31, 1628. 

He married Hannah, daughter of Col. Israel Stoughton, who was Ensign of the Dorchester Hand, com- 
manded by Capt. Mason; was chosen Assistant (I.ieutent-Governor) in 1637. He commanded the 
Massachusetts Expedition against the Peiiuods; arriving after the battle of Mystic P'ort, he nearly com- 
pleted the destruction of the Pequod tribe. He returned to England in 1643, and served there in the 
Revolution as I.ieutenant-Colonel, under Rainsford. John, the brother of James Minott, was a physi- 
cian, Captain, Colonel and Justice of the Peace, a military officer of thirty years, and a member of the 
King's Council. The children of James and Hannah iStoughton 1 Minott were, .A?w,-.f (2) and others. 
He married, second, Hephzebah Corlet. 

James Minott (2), son of James (i) anil Hannah (Stoughton) Minott, w.is born in Dorchester Mass., 
April 2, 1659. He removetl to Concord, where he married Rebecca, (.laughter of John Jones, ami hatl a 
son, Jonatliaii. 

Jonathan Minott, son of James (21 and Rebecca (Jones) Minott. was horn in 1714, probablv at Con- 
cord, where he married Elizabeth Stratton. He removed to Westford, MidiUesex County, Mass. Ihey 
had six children, of whom Joiiatlian (2) was the fourth. 

Jonathan Minott (2), fourth child of Jonathan (i) and Elizabeth (^Slrallon) Minott, was born June 



< 




JOSEPH A. MINOTT. 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



373 




19, 1723. lie lived in Westford. In 1773, soon after the Boston pamphlet was issued, the people of 

VVestfoid declared their synipath_\- with the " Hoston brethren," and voted to chose a committee "to 

correspond with Boston or any other town, as occasion may require." This committee consisted of Mr. 

Samuel Gardner, Capt. Jonathan Miiiott, Deacon John Abbott, Dr. Asaph Fletcher and Mr. Nathaniel 

Boynton. The title of "Captain" was probably received for service in the French and Indian War. 

Capt. Jonathan Minott .served with distinctii>n in the War of the Revolution. On February 7, 1776, he 

was chosen Second Major in the Si.xth Massachusetts Regiment, and on February 14 following, he was 

chosen First Major of the same regi- 
/ ^ — v\ ment. He married Esther I'roctor, of 
( ) Chelmsford, and had nine children, 

^"—^^ among whom \\3i% Jesse. 

Jesse Minott, son of Major Jona- 
than (2) and Esther (I'roctor) Minott, 
was born at Westford, Mass., Nov. 5, 
1759. He married Betsx- Adams, (a 
descendant probably of Henry Adams, 
of Braintrec), and had issue : Jesse, 
Jonathan, Joseph, Otis, Thomas and 
I saac. 

Joseph Minott, son of Jesse and 
Betsy (Adamsj Minott, was born in 
Westford, Mass. He married Fanny, 
daughter of Jeremiah Hildreth. He 
settled in Alban\-, X. V., where he 
resided for a number of years, and in 
1 850 removed to New York City, where 

he died in 1854. His children were: Joseph Albert and George Rufus; the latter died in infancy. 
JosKPii Albert Minott, eldest son of Joseph and Fanny (Hildreth) Minott, was born in Albany, 

N. Y., March 15, 1836. He attended the Albany Academy and subsequently was sent to Westford, 

(Mass.) Academy to complete his studies. He 

came to New York in 1854, and was for three 

years engaged in the business of wholesale dry 

goods. In 1857 he went with William D. 

Russell, then engaged in the rubber-clothing 

business, and in 1861 lu;, in connection with !•". 

M. Shepard, founded the Rubber-Clothing 

Company, and in 1872, also with Mr. Shep- 

artl, founded the Goodyear Rubber Company, 

and has been Secretary and Treasurer of both 

companies since their organization. He is 

connected also with the scAcral branch organ- 
izations in Buffalo, Chicago, Milwaukee, St. 

Paul, Minneapolis, St. Louis, Kansas City, San 

Francisco, Portland, Oregon, and Washington, 

D. C. He is one of the trustees in the United 

States for the Union Assurance Society of 

London, England, and is also a director of the Victoria Fire Insurance Company of New York. 

Minott was one of the pioneers in the new movement in Orange, which l)egan in the fifties 



FRONT VIEW OE' RKSIDENCE OF J. A. MINOTT. 




removed thence in 1858, and settled on Arlington Avenue, East Orange. 



KEAK VIEW OF KESIIIENCE OF J. A. MINOTT. 

Mr. 

He 

In 1880 he erected one of the 



374 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges 

largest and finest houses in all the Oranges. It gave character to the locality, as well as increased value 
to the surrounding property, and influenced a class of people to settle here who, but for this, would 
doubtless have selected other localities. He sold this property in |S86, and resided for some years in 
New York City. The old attractions of the Oranges, however, won him back again, and in 1892 he 
moved to Montrose, South Orange, and purchased a lot on Scotland Road, between Montrose and Irv- 
ing Avenues, where, in 1895, he built a handsome house of the most approved modern style, known as 
American domestic, designed by Rossiter & Wright, the latter of whom is a resident of South Orange. 

While Mr. Minott's interests have, to a greater or less degree, been scattered among the Oranges, 
he has confined them mostly to East Orange. He was among the first, in connection with Mr. Shepard, 
to take up the matter of water suppl_\-, and assisted in the organization of the Orange Water Company, 
and was made its Treasurer. When the Munn A\enue, or I'irst Presbyterian Church of East Orange 
was being organized, he was one of the chief promoters of this new interest, and was one of its earliest 
members. He has been conspicuous in the social and other organizations in the Oranges. He is a 
member of the New England Society, of the Essex County Country Club, the Riding and Driving 
Club and other local organizations. 

Mr. Minott married Mary Kilburn Mandeville, daughter of Abram and L\^dia (Kilburn) Mandeville, 
of Orange. Abram Mandeville was the son of Giles, son of Hendrick Mandeville, one of the original 
settlers of Pompton Plains, N. J. The latter was the son of Giles Jansen Mandeville, who came to this 
country in 1647 in company with Governor Stuyvesant. He owned a large tract of land in what is now 
the centre of the city of New York, his house being located near the present site of Abingdon Square. 
The children of Joseph A. and Mary Kilburn (Mandeville) Minott are: Joseph Otis, Frederick Shep- 
ard, Samuel Jones, Arthur Mandeville, William Albert, Mary Mandeville, and Harold. William Albert 
married, April 6, 1896, Clara, daughter of Wm. A. Brewer, Esc;., of South Orange; Arthur Mande\ille 
married, June 24, 1896, Florence Glisan, of Portland, Oregon, daughter of the late Dr. Rodney Glisan, 
of that place. 

THE MEAD FAMILY. 

The Mead family of the Oranges was represented by Ktlwin H. Mead as a resident of South 
Orange for more than a quarter of a centur}-. The name is recorded in the English College of Heraldry 
as early as i 569. Among the most prominent of the Scotch representatives of the family was the Earl 
of Clanwiliiam. The founder of the English branch was granted Anns. — Sable a chevron or, between 
three pelicans, vulned of the last. Crest. — An eagle sable displayed, beaked and armed or. Motto. — 
"Tojour pret." The eagle in the crest was given to Sir Robert Meade for his services in the cause of 
the German Empire in the wars of (justavus Adolphus. The chevron indicates the head of the house 
or the commander of an expedition. The pelican is used in arms as an emblem of tender care for the 
offspring, or undying devotion to country's cause. 

William Mead, the American ancestor, was born in England in 1600. He came to this country 
about 1630 and settled first in Massachusetts; removed thence to Hempstead, L. I., and settled finally 
in Greenwich, Conn., about 1660. He is supposed to have been a member of a family of Saxon origin 
which had been settled since very early times in Somersetshire, but iiati removed to Essex in the reign 
of Henry VI, early in the fifteenth century. 

John Mead, son of William, w.is born in 1635. He married Hannah, ilaughter of William Potter, 
of Stamforil. They had a son, lihcnczcr, and other children. 

Ebcnezer .Mead, son of John and Hannah (Potter) Mead, was born in Greenwich, Conn., 1663. He 
married Sarah Knapp and hwd Jiriiiiinh, and other children. 

Jeremiah Mead, son of Ebenezer and Sarah (Knapp) Mead, was probably born in Greenwich, about 
1705. He married Hannah St. John, of Norwalk, and had among other children, Stc/'/n-)/. He removed 
to Stratford, Conn. 

Stephen Mead, son of Jeremiah and Hannah i^St. John) Mead was born in Stratford. Conn., about 




EDWIN H. MEAD. 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 375 

1750. He was a soldici- in the War of the Revolution and served as private in Capt. David Halt's 
company, Ninth Regiment, Connecticut Militia, commanded by Liet.-Col. John Mead. He was also in 
Capt. Smith's company, same regiment. He enlisted again January 1 1, 1777. in Capt. Hobby's company, 
same regiment. His name appears on the payroll of the "Company of Householders in Greenwich, 
Capten Abraham Mead Melish Destrich, and in Cornel John Mead Regemint." Steplicn married 
Rachel Sanford, of Redding Conn., born February 25, 1753, daughter of Capt. Samuel Sanford. 
After the war he removed to Pittsfield, Mass. He owned the land now occupied as the village green, in 
Pittsfield. He had among other ciiildren, a son, lipltraiiii. 

Ephraim Mead, son of Stephen and Rachel (Sandford) Mead, was born, probably, in Stratford, 
Conn., July 12, 1773, and removed with his parents to Pittsfield, Mass. He was a millwright by trade 
and a man of great inventive genius. He married Polly Strong, and had by her four children, among 
whom was Ilcury Sanford. 

Henry Sanford Mead, son of Ephraim and Polly (Strong) Mead, was born in Pittsfield, Mass., in 
1798. He came to New \'ork City when a young man and engaged for some \'ears in mercantile pursuits. 
During his residence in New ^'l)^k he married Mary Gay Larchar, daughter of Joseph Warren Larchar, 
son of Pierre Larchar, who was sailing master of the " Bon-Homme Richard," the flag-ship of Capt. 
John Paul Jones during the War of the Revolution ; he took part in some of the most important naval 
engagements in the war. During the great yellow fever epidemic in 1825, Henry Sanford Mead returned 
with his family to Pittsfield, Mass., where he remained for some years, and finally settled in Albany, 
N. V. He died at New Canaan, Conn., in 1883. He had two sons — Eik>.'ard Henry and Hiram Warren, 
and four daughters: Mary Elizabeth, married John R. Pease; Julia Frances, married William Elliot; 
Maria Josephine, married James A. Bieber; Martha Louisa, married J. B. Van Doren. 

Edwin Henry Mead, eldest son of Henry Sanford and Mary Gay (Larchar) Mead, was born in 
New York City, March 23, 1822, in the house on Broadway, which stood at the entrance of what is 
now Lispenard Street, the house having been removed to open that street. One year after his birth, 
Edwin H. removed with his parents to Pittsfield, Mass., where he remained long enough to receive a 
good education. He went to Albany in 1840 and found employment with Belknap & Kearcher, then 
the leading firm of coal dealers is that city. He afterwards entered the service of Harnden's Express 
Co., in Albany, and was also with the same firm in I^oston. He was for one or two years with John 
Gihon & Co., linen importers, Boston, whose principal office was in New York. Mr. Mead came with 
the New York firm in 1849 ^n^ was later in the employ of Sears, Adriance & Piatt. Mr. Piatt, of this 
firm, was also interested in the Pennsylvania Coal Co , which was then being organized, and asked Mr. 
Mead to open the books of the new company. As the result of this he was soon after appointed 
Secretary, and when Mr. George A. Hovt, the treasurer of the company, was advanced to the presidency, 
Mr. Mead succeeded him. On the death of Mr. Hoyt, Mr. Mead not only succeeded to the presidency, 
but continued in his position as treasurer and held both positions until his death, February 3, 1895. 
The success of this company is due in no small degree to the business sagacity and executive ability of 
Mr. Mead. He was also the managing director of the Erie & Wyoming Valley Railway Company, and 
a member of the New York Chamber of Commerce and of the American Geographical Society. He 
enjoyed the confidence and esteem of his business associates, and his marked individuality of character 
was shown in all his business enterprises. 

Mr. Mead resided in Brooklyn for a number of years after he began business in New York. Tiring 
of city life he removed to South Orange, N. J., in 1 868, and bought a beautiful plot of ten acres fronting 
on the old Ridgewood Road. On this he erected a handsome villa The natural beauty of the spot 
selected by him was much enhanced by the good judgment displayed in the planting of fine trees, 
shrubs, flowers, etc. His library of well-selected and useful works afforded him ample opportunity for 
study and recreation. He was especially fond of the study of languages and his collection included almost 
every written language in the world. His beautiful country home, which he named "Springlawn," 
attracted others to this locality and people of culture and refinement were induced to settle here, and 



3/6 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

tlius the influence of Mr. Mead has widened from year to \ear. lie was not only a pioneer in tlie 
settlement of South Oranye, but a promoter of the se\eral public improvements tending to its develop- 
inent. He was a strong advocate of and assisted in securing a village charter for South Orange and 
served two terms as President of the Board of Village Trustees, and one term as trustee. He took an 
active part in the measures which were adopted for im])roving the drainage and reclaiming the waste 
land in South Orange. He was an influential member of the Meadow Land Association ; he was an 
original member of the Orange Athletic Club and the South Orange I'ield Club, to both of which he 
was a generous contributor; he was a member of the Free Library when the financial sujijiort of such 
men was most needed. His real estate operations were quite successful and yielded satisfactory returns. 
He was a broad-minded, public-spirited citizen and did much to stimulate the growth of enterprises that 
tended to the further de\-elopment of the village. While identified with the Republican part}-, he ne\er 
permitted politics to interfere with his duty as an citizen. 

Mr. Mead was a man of fine personal appearance; genial, kind-hearted ami s}-mpathetic, with a 
ready, open hand for "deeds of devoted charity." He was ever approachable and had a kind word 
for all. He loved his home and was a model husband and father. His wife, Laura A., was a daughter 
of Mos-s Belknap, son of Moses, son of Simeon, of Randolph, who settled in Orange County, \'t.. a 
descendant of one of the earl)- I'uritan settlers. The children of Edwin H. ami Laura A. ( Belknap) 
Mead were: Fanny Belknap, died young; Fretierick Warren, Charles Frederick, Frank, Margaret 
Harper, married C. N. (jraves; Morris Belknap, married Mary Eleanor McAndrews, daughter of Thomas 
Herbert McAndrews, of New N'ork City, and Winthrop L. 

THE CHURCH FAMILY. 

Ebenezer Church, the ancestor of this branch of the Church family, emigrated to New England 
about 1740, and settled in the town of Pretybrian, Mass. He removed thence to Brattleboro, \ t., and 
about 1 791 rcnio\ed to Bainbridge, 1 formerly Jericho), Chenango Co., N. Y. He and his sons and one 
or two other families, were known as the "Vermont Sufferers " He ilied in 1806. His children were: 
Eben, (or Ebenezer), who remained in Brattleboro ; Josia/i, and two other sons and three daughters. 

Josiah Church, son of Ebenezer Church, was born in Pretybrian, Mass., in 1751, and remoxed with 
iiis parents, in 1791, to Chenango County, N. Y. He married Comfort Robbins, daughter of Captain 
Robert Robbins, a seafaring man. He settled in Coventry, Chenango Co., and the locality became 
known as Church Hollow. He had eleven children, viz.: Robert Robbins, whose daughter Mary mar- 
ried Governor Geary of Pennsylvania, and second, married Dr. E. H. Goodman, of Philadelphia; Henry, 
Nancy, John, Francis, Jeremiah, Jessie, Betsey, Williaiii. Mary and Williard. 

William Church, ninth child of Josiah and Comfort (Robbins") Church, was born in Chenango Co., 
N. Y. He married and had a son, \\'i//iaiit. 

William Church (2), son of William (i), was born in Chenango Co., in i8of>. He kept a store in 
Coventry in 1830, and in 1832 returned to Church Hollow, where he carried on business for some years, 
and again settled in Co\entry, where he was Postmaster about 1854. He married Elizabeth Houston, 
daughter of John Houston, of Orange County, N. Y. The}- had a son, I-.ih^'ard i'ranccs. 

El)\VAUl> I-'rames Church, son of William (2) and Elizabeth (Houston) Church, was born in 
Co\-entry, Chenango Co., N. Y., November 13, 1844. He received a thorough education in the higher 
branches at Leicester, Mass., and afterwards took a business course, graduating with honor at l\astman's 
Business College, Poughkeepsie. N. ^'. His first business experience was in the retail dry goods store 
of A. T. Stewart, New York City, where he spent three years and acquired a practical knowledge of the 
several branches. In 1S6S he entered the wholesale house of Bradley, Keith, Welly & Co., where he 
had greater opportunities for advancement, and in time became manager of the flannel dejjartment. 
He remained si.x years with this house, and then accepted a similar position with the firm of Collins, 
Downing & Co. In 1881 tlie dry goods commission house of Field. Morris. Church & Co., was organ- 
ized, two of the firm, Charles M. Field and John J. Morris, being representatives of one of the oldest 



Tiiii Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



377 



dry i;oods jobbing houses in the city. The new firm of wliich Mr. Church was a member, did a success- 
ful business for about four years, when, owing to thedcatli of Mr. Field, the firm was dissolved, and soon 
after the firm of E. K. Church & Co. was orj^anized, which continued in the same line of business until 
1893. The same year Mr. Church accepted an offer from the old established house of E. S. Jaffray & 
Co.. to take charge of their woolen department. After the dissolution of that firm Mr. Church again 
started in business for liimself. 

Mr. Church's connection with South Orange began in 1874, and althougii he did not become a 
property-holder until some years later, he interested himself in public affairs almost from the beginning, 
and during his residence of nearly twenty-two years, his time and energies, outside of his regular busi- 
ness, have been largely devoted to the affairs of the village of South Orange. With no ambition for 
public office, Mr. Church has always evinced a willingness to serve his fellow-citizens, and often at great 
personal sacrifice. He was elected a mem- 
ber of the Board of Village Trustees in 
1877, and in 1890 was elected President 
of the village, and mi the expiration of his 
term of two years, was re-elected, holding 
the office continuously for four consecu 
tive years. 

Some of tlie most important improve- 
ments in South Orange were made during 
his administration as President. The 
system of water suppl\-, whicli is brought 
from the top of Summit mountain, was 
one of the projects which lie urged and 
which was finally adopted, ])roviding the 
village of South Orange with the best 
water in the State at little or no cost. The 
system of rapid transit was also established 
between Newark and South Orange in the 
face of a most determined opposition, the 
poles having been erected in one night. 
A sewerage system was started by the 
purchase of a farm a few miles below the 
village, but owing to the opposition of the 
people of Milburn the matter has remained 
in abeyance for some time. Mr. Church 
was a most earnest advocate of all these 
improvements and was ably supported by 
the leading residents of the village. His 
interest in the cause of education is well 

known. He has served as a member of the Board of Education for three consecutive terms — nine years 
altogether. He was one of the organizers of the Meadow Land Society, of which he is still a stock- 
holder; he also assisted in organizing the South Orange Field Club. Mr. Church purchased, in 1884. the 
John Milligan place, near Prosi)ect Street, to which he added many improvements, making it one of the 
most deliglitful and attractive homes in this part of South Orange. Mr. Church has been twice married. 
His first wife was Matilda Morrison, daughter of Robert Morrison, of Brooklyn. Three children were 
born to them, viz.: Edward Francis, Jr., Matilda and Kate E. His present wife. Isabella K. Church, is 
the daughter of Charles Kellogg, a descendant of an old New England family, and on the mother's side 
is of Danish parentage. They have had four children, three of whom are living— A. Bonzano, Douglas, 
Jasperson and Lucille Isabella. 




EDWARD FRANCIS CllUKClI. 



378 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



THE BRUSH FAHILY. 

The connection of the Rrush family with the Oranges began nearly twenty-five years ago, when 
Mr. C. E. Brush, the present representative, took up his residence in Orange and a few years later in 
South Orange. With a constantly increasing interest in his surroundings and a manifest desire on his 
part to promote social intercourse and extend a helping hand to his neighbors, his influence in the 
community has graduallj- widened, and when he was finally induced to accept public office he fulfilled 
tlie duties connected therewith as an honest and fearless citizen. Sterling honesty and unflinching 
courage are distinguishing traits of the Brush family, the ancestor of whom was among the early Puritan 
settlers of New England. The ancestor of the Brush family was Thomas Brush, of Southold, L. I , 
1662; made a freeman of Connecticut, 1664, that part of Long Island being at the time under the 
jurisdiction of Connecticut. 

Jacob Brush, probably a son of Thomas, was born at Huntington, L. I., 1689; died (")ctober 17, 17,^1. 
He had a son, ./<?(V'/' Brush. Jr. 

Jacob Brush, Jr.. son of Jacob (11, was born at Huntington, I.. I., September 6, 1727; died April 6, 
1813. He had a daughter, .Sarah, born September 24, 1763; married John Rolph. They had a 
daughter, Sally Rolph, born September 27, 1795 ; died December 22, 1873. She married Joshua Ikush, 
son of Jonathan, who was probably the son of Jacob Brush, Sr. 

Joshua Brush, son of Jonathan, was born December 14, 1794; died November 18, 1864. Married 
Sally Rolph, and \\Ad Joitnt/iait litltclbcrt and other children. 

Jonathan Ethelbert Inrush, son of Joshua and Sally (Rolph) Brush, was born at Smithtown, L. I., 
February 25, 1818 ; died February 6, 18S9. He was a well-known New York merchant and carried on 
the wholesale hardware business under the firm name of W. N. Seymour & Co., for upwards of forty 
years. He was well known and highly respected among New York business men. He married Cornelia 

Turck, of Germantown, N. Y., a descendant, prob- 
ably, of John Christian Turck, one of the commi.s- 
sioners appointed m 17 10 by Gov. Hunter, who 
purchased 6,000 acres of Robert Livingston for the 
use of a colony of German settlers, who gave it the 
name of Germantown. Jonathan E. and Cornelia 
(Turck) Brush had issue, Clinton Ethelbert. 

Ci.iXTON Ethelbert Brush, eldest son of 
Jonathan and Cornelia (Turck) Brush, was born in 
New ^'ork City, May 24, 1844. His educational 
advantages embraced everything except a collegiate 
course. He attended the University Grammar 
.School, Grammar School No. 40, and the Free 
-Academy. Thus equipped he entered at once upon 
a successful business career as clerk in the house of 
Hastings, Cook & Valentine. He did not remain 
long in a subordinate capacity, his industry, push 
and energy having won him the confidence of his 
employers and secured his rapid advancement. In 
1862 Mr. Hastings withdrew from the old firm and 
organized that of Hastings & Potter. Mr. Brush 
went with the new firm and in February, 1866, a 
new partnership was formed under the name of 
Hastings, Brush & Co. In 1874 he sold his interest 
and started on his own account, and soon established 
an extensive trade. Three years later, with his 




CLINTON ETHELBEKT BKUSIl. 



The Founders and Hlii.ders of the Oranges. 379 

brother as partner, he opened a branch house in Toronto, Canada. The business increased to such 
an extent tliat he became the hirjjest importer of dress trimminjjs in the Dominion. He continued in 
this line with iinv. trying success for eight years On January t, 1885, he accepted a position from the 
Chicago Corset Company, manufacturers of tlie Bail corset, to take entire charge of their eastern 
department and establish a branch in New York City. It was a great undertaking, owing to the 
strong competition in this line, but Mr. Ikush was equal to the task. He was convinced that his goods 
were superior to those of his competitors and he was not long in convincing the public of this fact. 
He began by a judicious yet liberal system of advertising, and the first year opened 1,600 accounts 
and had orders in excess of the company's immediate ability to supply. He increased his amount of 
advertising from year to year with a proportionate increase of .sales, which now exceed one million 
dollars a year, probably the largest in amount of any house in this line of business in the world. 

Although a mere boy in years and appearance at the breaking out of the Civil War, Mr. lirush 
rendered important service to his country during the most trying period of our struggle for existence as 
a nation. He joined Company B, Seventy-first Regiment. New York Militia f^now N. G. S. N. Y.), in 
September, 1862. and served with it through the famous Gettysburg campaign of 1863, and later in the 
New \'ork draft riots of the same year. He completed his full term of service and in 1876 became a 
member of the \'eteran Association, Seventy-first Regiment. Mr Brush moved to Orange in 1870 and 
for a time rented a house on Centre Street. In 1877 he purchased two and one-half acres on Irving 
A\ eiuie, being a part of the Goukl f.irm. On this he built a fine house where he has since resided. 
While active in social and religious matters, he took no special part in public affairs until 1893, when he 
was elected a member of the Township Committee. The accounts of the collector had been passed 
upon b\- the committee year after year without (jucstion. When the annual report was submitted that 
year, Mr. Brush suggested as a matter of form the auditing of the collector's accounts, and he was 
appointed a committee of one to make the examination. He discovered that there was a deficit of 
$14,700. This led to a more critical examination, and other irregularities affecting a large number of 
]5roperty-holders were discovered. He found that several pieces of property had been sold for taxes at 
different times and omitted from the records. Through the efforts of Mr. Brush a proper system of 
book-keeping has been adopted, the Township Committee has been more watchful of the affairs, and 
a large amount saved to the township. 

Mr. Brush has been for many years active in both speculative and capitular Masonry. He was a 
charter member of Bunting Lodge, V. & A. M., of New York City, and dimitted from Sylvia Chapter, 
R. A. M., of Harlem, to Orange Chapter, R. A. M., of Orange. He is a director in tiie Orange Valley 
Y. M. C. A.; is treasurer of the First Presbyterian Church, of South Orange; a member of the South 
Orange Field Club, Village Improvement .Society and other organizations. Mr. Brush was married, 
November 10, 1869, to Eliza Thompson, daughter of William S. Whitlock, of New York City, whose 
wife was Rebecca Smith h'anshaw. daughter of Daniel Fanshaw (born 1788, died i860), and a grand- 
daughter of Thomas h'anshaw, an English clergyman. 

William Schenck Whitlock, father of Mrs. Clinton E. Brush, was the son of John (born August 22, 
1772, died December, 18591 ^'i'^' Mary (Schenck) Whitlock. John was the son of Lieut. John Whitlock, 
a member of Third Battalion, of Gloucester County, N. J., in the War of the Revolution, al.so of Col. 
Somers' Battalion, State Troops. He was killed at Navesink Highlands. He was the son of Thomas 
Whitlock, born about 1700, son of Thomas, born about 1666, son of Thomas, born about 1640, son of 
Thomas, burn about 1615, living at Gravesend, 1664. Thomas, Sr., and Thomas, Jr., and another 
brother had a grant of huul in Middletown, Monmouth County, N J., in 1664. Mary Schenck, wife 
of John Whitlock, above referred to, born 1786, died 1858, was the daughter of Capt. John Schenck, 
born .August 28, 1745, died August 28, 1834, an officer in the War of the Revolution, lived in Pleasant 
Valley, Monmouth County, N. J. A battle was fought on his farm. He was the son of Garret (born 
August 30, 1712, died August 20, 1757) and Jane (Van Cowenhoven) Schenck, son of Garret Roelofse 
(born October 27, 1671, died September 15, 1745) and Neitge Cocrlin (Van Vonrhees) Schenck, son 



38o The Founders and Buildfrs of the Oranges. 

of Roulof Martinse (born 1619) and Neitge (Van Cowenhoven) Schenck, son of Martin Peterse Sclienck, 
son of Peter Schenck, of Holland. The first of this name of whom any mention is made in history, is 
Edgar de Schencken, who, in A. D. 798, occupied the position of Imperial Seneschal to Charlemagne, 
Emperor of Germany and France. 

The children of Clinton Iv and Eliza Thompson I Whitlock) Brush are : Rebecca VVhitlock, born 
August 26, 1870; Cornelia, born September 19, 1872; William Whitlock, born July 28, 1874; Grace 
Louise, born November 25, 1876; Clinton Ethelbert, born March 22, 1879; Edward, born May 7, died 
May 9, 1881. 

THE ALLEN FArilLY. 

Samuel Allen, the American ancestor of the Philadelphia branch and one branch of the New Jersey 
family of Aliens, came from Bristol, England, in 1681, and settled near Philadelphia. He was a member 
of the Society of Friends and, as is shown by the date of his arrival, preceded the settlement of the 
Penn colony. He had a son, Samuel (2), who had a son, Samuel ( ^), who had a son, Sirmuc/ (4). 

Samuel Allen (4), son of Samuel Allen (3), was born in Philadelphia. He married there, Sarah 
Brown, whose nephew. Gen. Jacob Brown, greatly distinguished himself in the War of 1812 and was 
Commander-in-chief of the U. S. Army, 1821-1828. He had among other children, Stn//iu-/ (^). 

Samuel Allen (5), son of Samuel 141 and Sarah 1 Brown) Allen, was born in 1782. He married 
Sarah W. Warner, of Bucks County. Pa. His eldest son wa^ Joseph U'nnicr. 

Joseph Warner Allen, son of Samuel (5) and Mary (Warner) Allen, was born near Bristol. Pa., July 
22, 181 I. He was by profession a civil engineer. His first service was in connection with the Delaware 
branch canal, from Easton to Bristol, Pa. He was also connected with the construction of the Camden 
& Amboy R. R. and various other railway enterprises in different parts of the country. In i860, as 
chief engineer of the lloboken Lanti and Improvement Compan)-, he completed the construction of 
the l^ergen tunnel, now owned by the Erie Railwa\- Company. He was also chief engineer of the 
Dundee Water Power and Land Company, of Passaic, X. J. He represented Burlington Count}-, N. J., 
in the State Senate for several terms. He was appointed by (^ov. Charles Stratton (whose term of 
office was from 1845 to 1848) Deputy Quartermaster-General of the State of New Jersey. He was 
serving in this capacity when the war broke out in 1861, and, as a member of Gov. Olden's staff, his 
wide experience as a ci\il engineer in the handling of large bodies of men, enabled him to render 
important service to his countr\- in the organization of the three-months men and of the first eight 
regiments of three-years men. In September, 1S61, he raised the Ninth Regiment, N. J. Volunteers, of 
which he was commissioned Colonel by Gov. Olden. This regiment contained 1,200 men, being 
composed of twelve companies of one hundred men each — the first regiment ever organized on that 
basis in this country. This unique plan of organization, altliough abandoned by the regiment after his 
death, has recently been adopted by the United States ArmJ^ The regiment was attached to the 
Burnside E.xpedition. but Col. ^Mlen. who accompanied it. was iliowned at liatteras Inlet, January 
15, 1862. Col. Allen married Sarah Burns Norcross, daughter of James S. Norcross and Isabella Burns, 
of Bordentow n, N. J. The children of this marriage were : Bethea Burns, who married Dr. I. D. 
Young, of Bordcntown, N. J.; Joseph Warner, deceased, married Emil_\- Beaston, of Camden, N. J.; 
William /■rciiiruk and Jiihi'in StcvcJis. 

VVll.l.lAM I-"ki;I)KKICK Am.KN, third child of Col. Joseph antl Sarah Burns (Norcross) Allen, was 
born in Bordentown, N. J., October 9, 1846. His early education was received at the Model School of 
Bordentown ; he was afterwards sent to the Protestant Episcopal Academy, and his studies were chosen 
with a view of his entering upon a course at West Point. As a school- boy he was a warm friend of Mr. 
Gilder, the present editor of the Century Magazine, and when thirteen years of age he and his elder 
brother, with young Gilder, started a little campaign paper in which tliat gentleman was equal partner. 
The death of his father left the family entirely dependent on William and his elder brother. William 
became a rodman on the Camden and Amboy Railroad in 1862, and after a year was promoted to the 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



38' 



position of assistant cnsjincer. He liad cliarge of the party surveying tlic Pcmbcrtnn ami Hightstown 
Railroad and the Camden and Burlington Counties Railroad. He was also assistant engineer on the 
survey and construction of the old Long Branch and Sea Shore Railroad and soon afterwards, in 1868, 
he became resident engineer of the West Jersey Road. This position he resigned in 1872 to assume 
the chair of assistant editor of the Offiiin/ Kai/way (iiiidc. The following year he became its editor. 
In 1875 he was elected Permanent Secretary of the Railway Time Convention, now the American 
Railway Association, in which nearly all the railway companies of the country are members and are 
represented through their presidents, general managers or superintendents. When the association was 
reorgani/.cd in i.SSf), Mr. Allen was again elected its Secretary, which office he now holds. Mr. Allen 
has achieved a world-wide reputation in his successful efforts to perfect and secure the adoption of the 
system of Standard Time now in general use throughout the civilized countries of the world. The adoption 
of a practical system of standard time hail long been considered "a consummation devoutly to be wished," 
but exceedingly difficult to accomplish. Numerous schemes had been proposed from time to time by 
various men of science at the national councils of the railway authorities, but none of them were so well 
defined as to admit no doubt of their successful operation. The first to give the matter much attention 
was Prof. C. F. Dowd, of Saratoga, who proposed a system of time standards with hour differences, in 
1869, but the scheme was not worked out in detail to the satisfaction of railroad managers and the 
matter was accordingly abandoned. "The system subsequently adopted and the first /rrtc/Za// one ever 
devised was," says a well-known authority on this matter, "we arc constrained to say, after the most 
diligent investigation, perfected and carried through b\- 
Mr. William F. Allen, editor of the Official Kai/wnj Guide 
and Secretary of the American Railway Association. 

Mr. Allen was appointed in 1884, by President 
Arthur, one of the five delegates to represent the United 
States at the International Meridian Conference, which 
met by invitation of our government at Washington, in 
October of that year, at which meeting twenty-five differ- 
ent nations were represented. At this conference the 
Meiidian of Cireenwich was chosen as the International 
Prime Meridian and Standard of Time Reckoning. This 
system of standanl time has since been generally adopted 
in Europe. Great Britain, Holland ami Belgium use the 
time of the first hour section ; Germany, Austro-Hungary, 
Switzerland, Italy, Denmark, Sweden and western Turkey 
use the time of the second section, and Bulgaria, Rou- 
mania and eastern Turkey that of the third. The same 
system has also been adopted by Japan and recently b\- 
the Argentine Republic and in Australia In June, 1895, 
he represented the American Railway Association at the 
International Railway Congress, held in London, England, 
having been selected as one of the eight delegates of the 
association. The raiKva}-s of all the countries of the 
world were represented at the meeting. In addition to 
the other business connections of Mr. .Allen already mentioned, he is Manager of the National Railway 
Publication Co., President of the Knickerbocker (uiide Co., Treasurer of the American Railway Supply 
Co., and a director in numerous other companies. 

Mr. Allen's connection with the Oranges began in 1880. He purchased a house and lot on Ralston 
Avenue, which he afterwards sold, and in 1886 bought a plot of ground on Scotland Street, where ho 
erected a pretty villa which, in exterior design aud interior finish, combines many of the best features 




Wri.l.lAM FKEDEKICK ALLEN. 



382 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



of wliat is now known as American architecture, under the general term of "American Domestic." 
During his fifteen years' residence in South Orange many changes and improvements lia\e been made, 
in all of which Mr. Allen has borne a conspicuous part. Probably the most important improvement 
connected with the village of South Orange was the organization of the Meadow Land Society, of 
which he was the chief promoter and is still its President and one of its largest stockholders. It has 
not only maintained and enhanced the value of all surrounding property by its restrictive features, but 
has done more to bring together the best elements of the village through its membership and that of 
the club which occupies a large part of the grounds, than any movement of the kind heretofore 
attempted. The father of Mr. Allen, whose ancestor for inore than six generations had been connected 
with the Society of Friends, was the first to sever his connection with that society. He united w ith the 
Protestant Episcopal Church shortly after his marriage. William, the subject of this sketch, was 
brought up in and has been for man\- years a communicant of that church, and on coming to South 
Orange united with the Church of the Holy Communion and. with the exception of one term, has 
scr\'ed continuously as a member of the \'estry of that church. Mr. Allen served one term as a member 
of the village Boartl of Trustees, two terms as a member of the (loverning Board of the South Orange 
Field Club; he is one of the Board of Managers of the South Orange Free Library, a member of the 
New England Society, of Orange, and has served as one of its Board of Counsellors, as a member of 
the Committee on Public Welfare, and as an officer and member of other local organizations. Through 
his business and professional associations he is identified with many of the leading scientific and other 

societies of national repute. He is a 
member of the American Metrological 
Society and one of its council since 
1882, member of the American Acad- 
emy of Political and Social Science, 
American Statistical Association, 
American Association for the Advance- 
ment of Science, and the American 
Economic Association. He is also an 
honorary member of the •• Die K. K. 
(ieographischeGesellschaft,"of Vienna, 
Austria. Mr. Allen marrietl, in 1S71, 
Caroline Perr\- Vorke, daughter of 
Judge Thomas Jones Vorke, of .Salem, 
N. J., at one time President of the West 
Jersey R. R. Co. The children of this 
marriage are Vorke, Frederick Warner, 
Eugene Vorke and John Sinnickson. 

Edwin Stkvkns Ai.lkn, young- 
est son of Joseph Warren and Sarah 
Burns (Xorcross) Allen, was born in 
Bordentown. X. J., January 5. i860. 
He was gratluatcd at Princeton I'niversity in 1880. He is assistant editor of the Ojjicia/ Kailiuav Guide 
and Secretar\- and Treasurer of the Knickerbocker Guide Co. lie is a veteran of the Seventh Regiment 
X. G., S. X. \'.. having served with honor his full term in that regiment. He moved to South Orange 
in 1890 and bought a house and lot on Scotland Street, adjoining the property of Mr. G. B. Turrell. 
He married Julia Hawks Oakley, daughter of Richard Oakley and granddaughter of Rev. F"rancis 
Hawks, D. D., of New Vork. The children of this marriage are Sara Burns, Marjorie Hawks and Doris 
Harwood. Mr. Allen is Secretary of the Meadow Land Society, Secretary of the X'illage Impro\ement 
Society, and a member of various local and other organizations. 




KLSIUENCE OF WM.I.IAM V. Al.LEN. 




H. A. MANDEVILLE. M. D. 



Tin; Founders and Kuii.dkrs ok tiik OrtANCEs. 383 

THE HANDEVILLE FA.MILV. 
Line of descent of Henry Addison Mandeville, \I. D. 

The family of Maiulcvilles appear in the English records at a very early date. Tlic Mandevillcs 
came orij^inally from France and had, no doubt, a common origin with the Knglish branch, (iiles 
Jansen de Mandeville, the American ancestor of the family, was born in France and, tradition says, fled 
from Normandy to Holland; came to America in 1647 in company with Gov. Stuyvcsant, and settled as 
a farmer on Manhattan Island, north of New Amsterdam, near what is now the friot of Twelfth Street, 
New \'c)rk, on the North River, then called Shappanaconck, his farm extemlint; from l-'ourteenth to 
Twent)--first streets, and from the river to the Warren Road. His dwelling was standing in 1890. He 
married, in the Province of (iuilderland. Holland, Elsjc Hendricks, and h,id seven children, of whom 
Uiiidrick was the eldest. 

Hendrick Mandeville. eldest child of (iiles Jansen and Elsje (^Hendricks) Mandeville, was born in 
Guilderland, Holland, about 1646. He resided first at l*"latbush, L. I. He bought lands at I'omplon 
Plains and I'acquenac (now Mountain \'iew), N. J., about T701. He resided in a stone dwelling at 
Pacciucnac. He manicd, first, Aiinctje I'ioterse Scholl, of Hempstead ; he married, second, Elizabeth 
Jansen Berry, of New .Albany and New York, and had six children, anion^' whom was (iilrs. 

Giles Mandeville, youngest child of Hendrick Mandeville, was born at Pompton Plains, January 25, 
1708. He married, about 17,^1. Leah Hruin or Hrnwn, of Sccmul River, and had eight children, among 
whom was Anthony. 

Anthony Mandeville was born March 7, 1742, at Pompton Plains. He was ;i man of wealth and 
some prominence. He married, first, Williampe \'an llouten; second, Margaret Jones; third, Charity 
Van Devort. He had si.x children, among whom was Ciilcs A. 

Giles A. .Mandeville, son of Anthony Mandeville, was born May, 1777, at Pompton Plains. He was 
a farmer and resided in the brick house in the central part of the Plains. He married, September 20, 
1798, Elizabeth Doremus, and had ten children, among whom was Thomas. 

Thomas Mandeville, son of Giles A. and Elizabeth (Doremu.s) Mandeville, was born at Pompton 
Plains, February 13, 1803. lie married Hester Secor, of New York City, and had ten children, the 
eldest of whom was Giles Henry. 

Rev. Giles Henry Mandeville, D. D., son of Thomas and Hestor (Secor) Mandeville, was born in 
New York City, December 12, 1725. He returned with his parents, in early childhood, to the place of 
his father's birth, in New Jersey. He attended a preparatory school at Hackensack, N. J., and was 
graduated at Rutgers College, New Brunswick, in 1848, and pursued the prescribed theological course 
of three years in the seminary of the Reformed Church in America, connected with the college, and in 
1851 he was licensed to preach and ordained to the ministry, and the same year accepted a call to the 
Reformed Church, of Flushing, L. I. During his pastorate, which was a very successful one, he wrote 
a history of F'lushing. a most excellent work and a valuable contribution to the history of Long Lsland. 
In 1859 l^e was called to the pastorate of the Reformed Church, at Newburgh. X. \ .. where he labored 
successfully for ten years, when he accepted a call and became pastor of the Reformed Church, of 
Harlem. After eleven years' faithful service he resigned his charge to devote himself to the cause of 
education, to which he had already given much time and attention and for many years had been a 
member of the Board of Education of the Reformed Church. He was elected provisional president of 
a Michigan college established in 1866, which, owing to unwise management, had become seriously 
involved. Dr. Mandeville succeeded in placing the college on a firm basis after two years of arduous 
and incessant labor. After being relieved of the provisional presidency, he resumed his former jjosition 
and devoted himself .exclusively to the interests of the Board of Education. He was made Corres- 
ponding Secretary, with the direction of its affairs under his guidance. To him is committed, by virtue 
of his position, the task of keeping alive the interests of the denomination in its various struggling 
institutions in the West, as well as to hold them to the duty of providing for the support of young men 
who are studying for the ministry. 



384 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

On |ul\' 29, 1854, Dr. Mamicvillc married Rachel Jacobus, daughter of Nicholas Jacobus, a des- 
cendant of James, of Pacquenac, a grandson of RolofT Jacobus, who came from Holland ;ind settled 
first on the mountain, south of Singac, then called Paper Berg, in Essex County, N. J. His descend- 
ants settled at Pompton Plains, Te Waughow and other parts of Morris and Essex Counties. The 
children of Giles Henry and Rachel (Jacobus) Mandeville are Mrs. \V. P. Selleck, Mrs. Dr. G. DeW. 
Ilallctt. Mrs. R. A. Hevnor and Dr. Henry A. Mandeville. 

Hknry Addison Mandeville, M. D , only son of Rev. Giles Henry and Rachel (Jacobus) Man- 
deville, was born in the parsonage, at Newburgh, N. Y., December 16, 1858. He came with his parents 
to New York City at the age of nine years. His preparatory education was received mostly under his 
father's tuition. He was a close student and remarkably precocious. He entered New York University 
at the age of thirteen, one of the joungest, if not the youngest student who ever matriculated at that 
institution. Although thnroughl)' cjualified, it was with great difficulty that he gained admission, owing 
to his extreme youth, lie com[)leted the usual course at the age of se\'enteen. During the latter [)art, 
however, he took up a line of special studies, prepiratory to taking a medical course. He entered the 
College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City, from which he was graduated immediately on 
attaining his majority. After a few weeks' rest he entered upon the important course of medical ex- 
perience, covering two years, in the Presbyterian Hospital, New York. He subsequently became associ- 
ated in practice with Dr. Thomas H. Burchard. His special abilities as a practitioner were soon mani- 
fest, and he rapidly rose in favor with the profession, and achieved distinction in his chosen line. 

Dr. Mandeville's connection with South Orange began on September 17, 1887, when he married 
Mrs. Jennie J. Morgan (nee Rice), and from that period to the present he has devoted his time, his 
talents and his energies to the moral, intellectual and physical development of this locality. Progres- 
sive, earnest, public-sjiirited, he has left no stone unturned to make the village of South Orange the 
most attractive to suburban residents of any place in the countr\'. He was elected a member of the 
village Board of Trustees in 1893. He was elected trustee of the school in 1891, and after ser\'ing for 
three years, was re-elected in 1894. Many improvements have been made during this period, and Dr. 
Mandeville has endeared himself to the people by his straightforward, manly course, and his efTorts to 
promote the best interests of the whole communit}-, without fear or favor. Like his father, he has been 
a most earnest advocate of, as well as an earnest worker in, the cause of education, and believes in giv- 
ing the poor, as well as the rich, the best educational advantages, by increasing the facilities of the free 
school system. He has held various positions in connection with the schools of South Orange, and when 
the Board of Education for the township was established, by act of the Legislature, in 1894, he was 
elected its first President. This is the strongest possible evidence of the confidence the people have in 
him and his methods. 

As a member of the Board of Trustees of the First Presbyterian Church, Dr. Mandeville has been 
earnest in his support of its temporal affairs and loyal to the pastor in the latter's advancement 
of its spiritual interests. Dr. Mandeville is whole-souled and liberal in his support of every enterprise 
which tends to better the condition of his fellow-men, whether religious, social or benevolent. He 
is a member of the Orange Club, Essex County Country Club, one of the goverjiors of the South 
Orange I'"ield Club, also of the Orange Riding Club. He still attcntls to his professional duties to 
a limited extent, and keejxs up his old New York connections. He is attending surgeon to the 
Colored Hosi)ital, New York City He is a member of the New York Patlu)logical Societ\-, New York 
Academy of Mcilicine, Hospital Graduate Societj', Manhattan .Surgical .Society, Psi Upsilon Club, New 
York Club. New \'i)rk Athletic Club and Down Town Insurance Chdj. 

ROSEMONT, is the name of the charming country seat of Robert Ward, a man well known to the 
people of South Orange during the last sixteen years. It would be difficult to find a more beautiful 
site for a residence in all the Oranges. It is apparently the highest point east of the railroad. The 
house is situated on a le\el plateau on the crest of the hill, showing an unobstructive view of the moun- 



TiiK Founders and Huilders of tmk Oranges. 



585 



tain on the west, the city of Orange on the north, tlie valleys and lulls of Newark, with tlic surrounding 
country, on the east, and on the south almost the whole range of Clinton township, with ILlizabctii and 
Newark Bay in the distance. From the rear of the house the appearance is that of an extensive park, 
dotted here and there with beautiful residences. The entrance to the place is from Raymond Avenue 
on the south. The driveway winds around to the rear of the house, thence through tiie port cochcre to 
the stable, in the extreme rear. There is about three and a half acres in the plot, every foot of which 
is utilized to the best advantage, with no overcrowding. Rows of Norway si)ruce, maples, larches and 
other e\ergreens, form the dividing line which scjjarates Mr. Ward from his neighbors. From the house 
the laiul slopes towards the west, and on the well-kej)! lawn there are no obstructions, save two old 
cedars, the only connecting link between the past and the present. The transformation from the old 
corn field, with its unsightly surroundings, to its present condition, would never be recognized by those 
who knew it in former days. The collection of trees and shrubs are arranged in such a manner as to 
gi\e the effect of spontaneous growth, and everything like mathematical precision is avoided. Embraced 
in this collection are found the magnolia, larch, silver maple, purple beech, copper oak, hyperin, Japa- 
nese cherry, Persian lilac, copper-fringed oak, arbor vita:, cornus cappadocia, spiraj, together with a 
variety of azaleas, rhododendrons, etc. 

The style of the house is that of the modern English villa, and is well suited to the location. The 
first story is of Belleville red sand-stone, laid up solid with rubied facing. From the second story the 
frame-work is carried up to the roof, ending in a number of gables which are in perfect harmony with 
the general design. The interior is made to conform to the architectural features of the exterior, with- 
out sacrifice of space or comfort. Solidity, strength and beauty are the notable features throughout. 
The wide hall, extending through from front to rear, is finished in quartered oak, and the massive oak 
doors are set with heavy plate-glass. Tiie parlor is finished in solid mahogany, while the wall decora- 
tions, as well as the furniture, are harmonious both in color and design. Mr. Ward has a fine collection 
of bric-a-brac and antique furniture. A small table, highly prized by the family, was once the property 
of Aaron Burr, and was presented by 
him to the sister of Mrs. Ward's mother. 

Mr. Ward is a native of England. 
The family name, variously written. 
Ward, Warde, de Warde and de la 
Warde, is of great antiquity. As far 
back as the reign of Edward III, Simon 
lie Warde sat in Parliament for North- 
ainptonshire, and Richard Ward was 
elected for the borough of that shire 
under the reign of Henry Yl. 

Mr. Ward came with his parents 
to this country in 1855. and settled in 
Stoughton, Mass , where his father en- 
larged one of the oldest woolen milL^ 
in the State and carried on the manu 
facture of woolen goods up to the day 
of his de.ith. l^oston was the princi[)al 
market for the goods at that time. In 
i860 Mr. Ward, who had been associ- 
ated in the business, came to New York City and established a branch, which has since become the 
main outlet for the sale of the goods. To Mr. Ward belongs the credit of having manufactured and 
introduced the first knitted flannel piece of goods ever sold in this country, and probably the first in the 
world, and known as " Eiderdown cloth." His business experience and observation have made him an 
earnest believer in the principle of protection. 




KOSEMOiNT, HIE KESUJENCE OF KOBKKT WAKD. 



386 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



Mr. Ward came to South Orange in 1S79; afterwards bought the property and built the house 
where lie now resides. He has been conspicuous in local affairs, and has been energetic and successful 
in promoting such public enterprises as the majority of his fellow-citizens desired. He was one of the 
most active of the original promoters of the Meadow Land Society, and was elected its Vice-President 
at its organization, which office he still holds. Mr. Ward has been an officer of the local Republican 
Club since its organization, and the representative of the district in the Republican County Committee 
for about three years. He is a member of the New England Society, of the Essex County Country Club 
and of the South Orange Field Club. He married Miss Mary Sncdeker, daughter of Joseph Snedeker, of 
Troy, N. Y, a descendant of one of the early Holland families. Mrs. Ward's grandfather served in the 
War of the Revolution, and she is a member of the Society of the Daughters of the Revolution. The 
children of Mr. and Mrs. Ward are, Arabella, Stanley (a graduate of Harvard), and Holcombe. 



Residence of Murray W. Ferris, corner of Scotland Road and Raymond Avenue. This is one of 
the few houses in South Orange that posseses individuality as well as originality of design. The aim of 
the architects, Messrs. Rossiter & Wright, was to make it a modern American house in the truest sense 
of the term. The location is one of the finest that could be selected, commanding as it does a view of 
the valley for miles in extent. The house was specially designed to suit the location and tiie grade of 
the land. The first story is of roughcast cement; the structure above is of frame, ending in a hi]i 

roof, from which project two dormer 
"i^i^^^ 'Sij:' }■'■'."■ ■ windows. The front porch is strictly 

colonial. On the north side of the 
house is an oriole window, which 
stands out in bold relief, forming a 
ver\' prett}' feature by itself. A 
broad veranda extends around the 
side and rear, resting on a founda- 
tion of boulders, which, owing to 
the steep grade between the front 
and rear, rises some fifteen feet 
above the ground. Underneatli the 
rear \eranda the space is utilized as 
a carriage-drive, with broad, open 
stone arches, entrance to the drive 
being through a porte cochere of tlic 
same material. The whole design 
is simple and \Lt extremely pictur- 
esque, h'rom the broad veranda in 
the rear a magnificent view of the surrounding country is obtained, showing Eagle Rock and Montclair 
on the north, Milburn and Wyoming on the south, while a beautiful panorama is spread out in the val- 
ley below, extending to the top of the mountain. 

The same simplicity and homelike features are observable in the interior as of the exterior. The 
wide hall extends from tlie front of the house through to the veranda in the rear; a window five 
feet wide in tiic rear of ihr hall seems but as a frame to a beautiful picture, as you look through 
at the mountain opposite. The small-paneled wainscot, as well as the staircase, is of cypress, laid 
up so as to show the grain of the wood to the best advantage. The parlor is entered from the 
right of the hall, and through this a broad doorway to the large sitting-room in the rear. Tiic 
e.x])osed beams of the ceiling remind one of "ye olden time." The richl_\--carved mantle, some 
nine feet in length, extending from floor to ceiling, is a fine, artistic piece of cabinet work. Blazing 
wood fires on the broad hearth make it very attractive. Ihe library, or sitting-room, opens into a 




Kt.^UJl.Nt 1. ol MURRAY W. FERRIS. 



TiiK Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 387 

cosy nook some ten or twelve feet square, literally filled with books ami curios, known as the " den." 
The stained glass in doors and transoms throiijjhout the first flcjor is all in neutral tints. The 
dining-room, which opens out of the hall to the left, is finished in cypress, and evinces taste, good judg- 
ment and economy in the arrangement. The special feature of this room is the large, handsomely 
carved sideboard, set in a recess fitted for the purpose. This avoids the necessity of closets and 
additional doors, which are often a serious detriment, and occupy space that might be used to better 
advantages for other purposes. A corner closet for choice china is of leaded glass. The house is heated 
by hot water, the radiators being all concealed by seats in the window fronts, which thereby serve a 
double purpose. In addition to this heating arrangement there is a large, indirect radiator in the main 
hall, affording an even temperature in the coldest weather. 

For solid comfort the second story is, in many respects, superinr to the first. The platform of the 
main stairway, half way up the stairs, opens on to a large porch in the rear, which is enclosed with 
glass in the winter, and is left open in the summer. I-"rom this point a more e.xtended view of the sur- 
rounding country is obtained than from the veranda below. The bed-rooms on the second floor are all 
tastefully arranged, and all connect with each other. One of the most attractive features of the north- 
west room is a cypress mantle, nine feet in width, of rich design, with leaded glass closets, forming 
p mels at either end. There is a pri\ate bath-room connected with this room. The two bath-rooms on 
this floor are covered with white tiles; there is also a servants' bath-room on the floor above, and all are 
fitted with ever\- modern convenience. The kitchen is in the southwest part and is one of the most 
attractive rooms in the house, particularly pleasant and convenient, 'ihere is a large billiard-room, with 
open fire-place, on th; basement floor and laundry, faced all round with white tile. Everything, from 
bisement to ceiling, is arranged for home comfort rather than display. 

The large stable, with its stone tower, is even more picturesque than the house ; the entire floor is 
made of cement, with accommodation for six- horses; stable connects with house by private telephone. 




EAST ORANGE TOWNSHIP. 




"f 



t' 



IlIE townsliip of East Orange contains about two thousand and four liundred acres, or 
less than four square miles of land, and has a population of nearly twent}- thousand. 
Few regions of our country have, within half or a quarter of a ccnturj-, e.xhibited such 
complete clianges in social and material aspects as the territory embraced within the 
limits of this township. Prior to the building of the railroad the beautiful undulating 
couiiti}-, now traversed in all directions by fineh' macademized roads, adorned on 
cither side b}- rows of trees, so thickly settled as to almost possess the cliaracter of a 
cit>- and displaying e\-er)-wliere tasteful and even palatial homes, with all tlie adorn- 
ments of art, was a pastoral spot sparsely settled, an expanse of field and orchard and 
woodland, dotted here and there by the quiet and tjuaint homes of the early settlers. 
During the past ten or fifteen years the increase in population has been much greater 
than most other New Jerse}- suburban towns. Men of business in tiie large cities near, and persons seek- 
ing health or quiet, have here found the most favorable combination of conditions that thej' could desire 
for rural homes. Climate, sanitary advantages, beauty, well-ordered society, churches, schools, easy 
accessibility from the great towns are all realized here and recognized each year by an increased number 
of those who seek the advantages of city and country combined. The old landmarks that formed an 
interesting chapter of the past have nearly all disappeared, and there remains only a few old 
chimneys or foundation walls to mark the homesteads of the early settlers. The old streets and lanes 
have not only changed their appearance, but in many cases have adopted new names. The old Whiskey 
Lane, identified with the Revolutionary period, is now North Grove Street; Munn Lane is now Munn 
Avenue ; Plucl: Street, and later Cherry Street, has given place to North Arlington Avenue; the Dodd- 
town Road, to Prospect Street, and Tory Corner Road to Washington Street. The families of Munn, 
Peck, Jones, Hedden and a few otiiers are still represented here. 

The people of East ( )range were the last to sever their connection with the old township of Orange. 
South and West Orange had withdrawn and a strong effort was made to induce the residents of this. 
the largest extent of territory embraced in the Oranges, to remain lo\al to the newl\--established town 
government. Public meetings were held and the matter fully discussed ; the " separatists," however, 
proved to be largel)- in the majority, and East (Grange was organized as a separate township b\- an act 
of the Legislature passed March 4, 1S65, which i)rcscribed the following boundaries: " Ik-ginning at a 
point on a line between the town of Orange and the township of South ()range. wiiere the centre of 
Centre Street in said town of Orange would intersect said line ; thence in a northerly or northeasterK- 
direction to a point on the north side of Main Street, in the said town of Orange, where the line 
between the lands of Caleb (i. Harrison and Nathan W. Pierson, near the corner of Baldwin and said 
Main Street, would intersect the north side of said Main Street; thence in a northerly or northeasterly 
direction to a large oak tree on the lands of and near the residence of William Patterson ; thence in a 
northerly or northeasterly direction to a point on the east side of Park Street, in said town of Orange, 
where the angle in said street, near the residence of Aaron Williams, would intersect said point ; thence 
on in the direction of the last-mentioned line to the west side of said Park Street ; thence in a northerlj- 



The 1''oundeks and Huii.dkrs oi- tiik Okan(;ks. 389 

or northeasterly direction to a point in tlic centre of tlie brid^'e over tlie Nishaym- Brook, where the 
soutli side of Dodd Street (or tiie street riinnini^ from David Riker's store to tlie Orange Cemetery 1 would 
intersect said |)oint : thence in a northerly or northeasterly direction to a |)oint in the centre of the 
north side of the bridge near tlie residence of Henry Stucky, and thence in the line of the l.ist- 
nientioned line to the line between the town of Orange and the township of Hloomfield ; thence along 
the line between the said town of Orange and the said township of Hloomfield, to the line between the 
town of Orange and the city of Newark ; thence along the line between the said town of Orange and 
the said city of Newark to the line between the town of Orange and the township of South Orange; 
thence along the line between the said town of Orange and the said township of South Orange to the 
place of beginning." 

The first election was held on the second Monday of April, 1863, at the house of Stephen \V. 
Tichenor, Aaron H. Harrison serving as judge and Charles Crane as clerk. L'nder the original charter 
the Township Committee consisted of seven members, two from each of the three school districts, and 
cme at large. A change was made in 1886, when the township was divided into four wards, which gave 
two additional members. .\ fifth ward was added in 1892, giving two more members, making eleven 
altogether, the present number. i\n act of the Legislature was passed in 1895, known as the Townshij) 
President Bill of Mast Orange, amending the charter and providing for the election by the people of a 
Tow nship President, with e.\ecutive and veto powers. The changes which have been made from time 
to time in the foim of government ha\e kept pace with the growth of the township and, with the 
additional powers confcrretl, it is ecjual in most respects to that of a city government. Thus far, men 
of the highest character have been selected to fill the various positions from year to year. The follow- 
ing is a list of those who have served on the Township Connnittee from 1S63 to 1895, at which time the 
new township law went into effect. The list from 1863 to 1S84 includes also the various offices of Clerk, 
Assessor, Counsel, Auditor, Receiver and Justice of the Peace: 

P>ederick Adams, 1869-70; l'"redenck Allen, 1877; T. 1'. Anderson, 1879; George Booth, 1871-2- 
3-4, 1882; Samuel W. Baldwin, 1865-6-7-8; William T. Bowman, 1891-2-3-4; Edward E. Bruen, 1894; 
Richard Berry, 1894; Richard T.Crane, 1876; Charles Crane, 1863-65; George Condit, 1863 4-5-6-7 
8-9; \V. S. Condit, 1873; Jotham H. Condit, 1873-4-5-6-7; Linus D. Condit, 1875-6-7-8,1880-1-2; 
A. P. Condit, 1884; John Coyne, 1877-8-9-80-1-2-3-4 ; Z. E. Carrington, 1874; Gardner R. Colby, 
1874-5; Edward M. Cowdry, 1876; Richard Coyne, 1 88 5 -6-7-8-9-90- 1 ; Noah M. Calberson, 1886-7- 
8-9-90; Ferdinand Coyne, Jr., 1893-4; Matthias M. Dodd, 1886-7-8; Amzi S. Dodd, 1871 ; L. L. Dodd. 
1872-74; Israel L. Dodd, 1873-5-6-7, 1 883-4-5-6-7 ; Elias O. Doremus, 1863, 1884-5; E''jah Doremus. 
1876-7-8, 1883; Abram J. Doremus, 1875; Frederick E. Daum, 1878-9-80-1; Josiah DeVVitt, 1866; 
Theodore A. Dates, 1894; George Dorer, 1894: Joseph W. Ellor, 1S92-3-4; Horace W. Fowler, 1S75-6; 
Julian C.Gregory, 1875-6-7-8; Daniel N.Gardner, 1875; Stephen Grimes, 1876; Aaron B. Harrison, 
1863-4-5-6-7-8-9-70; Thomas Harrison, 1867-8; Caleb G. Harrison, 1871-2; Lewis D. Harrison. 1880; 
George E. P. Howard, chairman, 1SS9-90; Jotham Hedden, 1863-4-5-6, 1869-70; E. J. HaLstead, 
1864-5-6, 1875-6-7; A. T. E. Hilton, 1S73; James Ilamni. 1877-8; Alfred Hubbins, 1S91-2; Samuel 
C. Jones, 1863-4-5, 1878-9-80-1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8; Henry E. Jepson, 1890-1-2-3: Charles E. Joraiemon, 
1892-3-4; William King, 1863-4-5; Austin M. Knight, 1871-2-3, 1878; Rev. F. E. Kenyon, 1866; 
Aaron Lyon. 1880 1 ; Robert Lane, 18S4; S. M. Long, 1873-4; Robert Lane, 1885-6-7; Francis Lang, 
1892-3-4; Joseph L. Munn, 1863, 1867-8-9, 1880-I-2-3; Thompson C. .Munn, 1863, 1867-8-9, 1873-4-5: 
Alfred F. Munn, 1869-70, 1S75; Aaron P. Mitchell, 1864; Edward Meeker, 1873-4: Lucius McAdam, 
1883-4-5-6-7; Francis A. Nott, 1889-90-1-2; Wallace Ougheltree. 1894; Henry Powles. 1874-5-6-7, 
1886; John Ray, 1870; John W. Russell, 1872-3; John L. Roberts. 1881-2-3; John M. Randall. 1863. 
1869; James E. Reynolds, 1873; Peter M. Reynolds, 1877, 1882; Abraham H. Ryan, 1 888-9-90- 1 -2 ; 
Daniel S. Rice, 1891-2-3; Matthias Soverell, 1864, 1872. 1882-3; William J. Sovercll, 1879-80; Samuel 
Seitz, 1873; John F. Smith, 1887-8-9-90; Wm. C. .Schmidt, 1891-3-4: Roderick M. Sanger, 1893; 
Walter Tompkins, 1869 70; Joseph P. Thompson, 1887-8; Thomas E. Vermilye, Jr., 1889, resigned 



390 Thk Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

1S90; Moses H. Williams, 1863-4-5-6-7-S-9-70-1-2 : Aarmi Williams, 1864-5-6-7; George D.Wood- 
ruff, 1871 ; Martin B.Wallace, ii<79-8o-i-2 ; Philemon Woodiuff, 18S3-4-5; William H. Wiley, 1887- 
8-9; David Wil.son, 1888-9 -90-1 ; Adolphus P. Young, 1871-2. 

The amended township charter enacted by the Legislature of 1894-5, went into effect in April, 
1895. This enlarged the powers of the Township Committee, provides for a township President with 
executive and veto powers, making the office practic.dly equal to that of mayor of a cit\'. The following- 
named persons were the first to serve under the amended charter: Township President, Joseph B. 
Thompson; Township Committee — William C. Schmidt, chairman ; F.dward E. liruen, vice-chairman; 
Edwin R. Crippen, Joseph W. Ellor, Francis Lang, Edward P. Ailing, Ferdinand Coyne, Jr., Wallace 
Ougheltrec, Richard Berry, George Doran, William T. Bowman. The various departments of the 
township, together with the present incumbents — 1896-7 — are shown in the following list: Township 
President, Joseph P. Thompson. Township Committee — Williain C. Schmidt, chairman; Harry D. 
Miller, member-at-large ; F"irst ward, William Cardwell, William C.Schmidt; second ward, Edward L 
Condit, John H. Palmer; third ward, Edward E Bruen, Ferdinand Coyne, Jr.; fourth ward, Stephen 
W. Ougheltrec, Edward O. Stanley; fifth ward, George Dorer, Edwin R. Crippen. The Township 
Committee meets on second and fourth Monday evenings in eacii month. Township Committee 
rooms and office of Township President, Receiver of Taxes. Auditor, Township Engineer, Street and 
Sewer Commissioner and liuilding Inspector, Township Building, .Main Street. Clerk's office, 342 Main 
Street. 

Sinking I-"und Commissioners. — Daviil S. Walton, President; George W. P'ortmeyer, Joel W'. Hatt, 
William M. h'ranklin, William C. Schmitlt, Alonzo Durkee, clerk. Hoard of Health, composed of 
members of the Townshii) Committee and the Assessors. — William C. Schmidt, President; W. D. 
Mitchell, M. D., Secretary; Health Officers, William D. Mitchell, M. D., Health Physician; William T. 
Bowman, Health Inspector. Officers, 1896-7. — Township Clerk, Stephen M. Long; Counsel, J. F"rank 
Fort; Auditor, Alonzo Durkee; Receiver of Taxes, Louis McCloud ; Township Engineer, Street and 
Sewer Commissioner. William II. V. Reimer; Overseer of the Poor, John J. Moore; Township Physi- 
cian, Dr. W. D. Mitchell; Chief of Police, Henry Blaurock; Police Justice, George H. Elliot; Chief 
Engineer Fire Department, Samuel J. Blair; Building Inspector, William T. Bowman. Assessors. — 
First ward, Israel L. Dodd ; Second Ward, Philip C. Williams; Third Ward, Charles M. Matthews; 
fourth ward, Daniel C. Whitman, Jr.; fifth Ward, William V. Poucher. 

POLICE DEPARTMENT. The increase of crime naturalh- increases with the increase of population, 
necessitating fre([ueiit atUlitions to the police force. According to the report of the Township Com- 
mittee for 1895, the regular force consisted of a chief, three sergeants, two roundsmen, eighteen patrol- 
men, and five chancemen, making a total of twenty-nine men in all ; some five or six ha\-e been added 
since this report was made. This force would seem to be entirely inadequate to a population of nearly 
twenty thousand, but a more law-abiding people cannot be found in this or any other State in the 
Union, as is shown by the record of crime for 1895. It will be noted that three-fourths of the arrests 
were for drunkenness and disorderly conduct, and violation of township ordinances. The total number 
of arrests was 423, as follows: Atrocious assault and battery, 5 ; assault and battery, 24; grand larceny, 
13 ; breaking, entering and stealing, 15 ; entering and stealing, 2 ; forgery, i ; false pretences, 3 ; drunken- 
ness and disorderly conduct, 250; violations of township ordinances, 66; cruelty to animals, i; sus- 
picion, 6; vagrancy, 12; bastardy, 3; desertion, 2; non-support, 2; insane, 9; as witnesses, 2. Of this 
number, 133 were fined, 50 discharged and 71 sentence suspended. The character of the men on the 
police force is shown in the fact that only two charges were preferred against members of the force for 
violation of rules and regulations of the department during the year. The Chief of Police, Henry Blau- 
rock, is a thorough disciplinarian, ami fearless in the discharge of his dut\-. He has been tried and 
never found wanting. 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 391 

FIRE DEPARTMENT. It was several years after I-last Orange became a separate township before 
the people felt the necessity for inakinj^ any special ])rovision for protection aj^ainst fire, and it was not 
iinlil one or two destructive fires occurred that any effort was made in this direction. 

ASHI.AM) HODK AND I.ADIH.K COMl'ANY \(). I, organized January 25, 1879. formed the nucleus 
of the East (Grange Fire Department. It was incorporated March S, 1879. It iiad a membersiiip of 
tweiit\-five, which comprised many of the leading people of the township and a sprinkling of old fire 
veterans. Mr. B. V. Everett was chosen I'oreman ; J. I*". Walsh, Assistant Foreman; S. M. Long. Secre- 
tary, and E. S. Atwood, Treasurer. The money for the purchase of a truck and other ajjparatus was 
raised entirely by subscription. The truck was stored and the place of meeting was in the first story of 
Williams' carpenter shop, No. 500 Main Street. .\ hose carriage and 1,000 feet of hose was ijurchased 
October i, 1SS2 ; manned by volunteers from the truck comjjany, and named Ashland Hose Company 
No. 1. The system of water supply was introduced about this time, and soon after the Ashland school 
building took fire, and was saved from destruction by the prompt action of the hose company, which 
received an abundant supply of water from the water works. Ashland Hook and Ladder Company No. 
I, and Hose Compain- No. i, were accepted by the towMiship, and became part and parcel of the East 
Orange Fire Department, June 1 1, 18S3. Each, however, was allowed to continue its organization as a 
volunteer company. The fine brick building on Main Street, between Ashland Avenue and North 
Clinton Street, was erected in 1886, at the cxijense of the township. It affords ample accommodations 
for both companies, and is also used as the headquarters of the Fire Department. All the apparatus of 
both companies, inchuling a new truck owned by Ashland Hook and Ladder Company, was purchased 
by the township in April, 1S87; all the expenses of the two companies, from 1S83 to 1887, were borne 
by the tow nship. The new brick building referred to, contains, in addition to the apparatus of the two 
companies, the Chief Engineer's gig. five iiorses, hose drying tower, two company rooms, bunk-room for 
five permanent men, and a bath-room. Tho:-e who have served as officers of Ashland Hook and Ladder 
Company since its organization are: Foreman, Peter V. Everett, 1879: C. E. Leveridge, 1880; Henr)- 
Mills, iSSoto 1889; E. J. Condit, 1S90 to 1892; S. J. Blair, 1893: John MuJler, 1894 to 1896; Secretary, 
S. M. Long, 1879; John Hamilton, 1880 to 1882; A. F. Munn, 1883 to 1890; O. M. Condit, 1891 to 
1896; Treasurer, E. S. Atwood, 1879 to 1895. 

Ashland Hose ComI'ANV No. i. Organized by Ashland Hook and Ladder Company, accepted 
by the township June 11, 1883; housed in fire headquarters, on Main Street. Equipment, one hose 
wagon (carrying 1,000 feet of hose), two horses, one permanent man. The first Foreman elected by the 
company was J. R. Robinson. The present ofificers are: Foreman. William Shears; Assistant Fore- 
man, J. F. Mills; Secretary, E. J. Hageman. 

Eastern Hose Comi-anv No. 2. Organized and accepted by the township December 11, 1883; 
located in brick building, north side of Main Street, east of Grove Street. Equipment, one hose wagon 
(carrying 1 ,ooo feet of hose), two horses, one permanent man. Building contains company-room, bunk- 
room and bath-room. 

Fkankiin Hose Comiwnv No. 3. This company was organized and accepteti by the township 
April 14, 1884. It is located in the brick building corner Dodd Street and Brighton Avenue. Equip- 
ment, one hose wagon, 1,000 feet of hose, one horse, one permanent man. The interior accommoda- 
tions are the same as No. 2. 

I'kOSPECT Hose Company No. 4. This company was organized and accepted by the township 
May 24, 1886. It was located in a frame building on Prospect Street, north of Dodd Street. Its equip- 
ment consisted of one hose carriage, drawn by hand. The company was disbanded April 1. 1S95, and 
some of its members transferred to Franklin No. 3. 

El.MWOOD Hose Company No. S- This company was organized and accepted by the township 
September 12, 1887. It is located in the brick building corner of Elm wood Avenue and Clinton Street. 



392 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges 

Equipment consists of one hose wagon, 1,000 feet of hose and one permanent man. The interior accom- 
modations are the same as those of No. 2. The first officers of the company were: Foreman, J. B. 
Lindsley ; Assistant Foreman, William Hetzel ; Secretary, H. Waters. Present officers: Foreman, L. 
Ohhnan ; Assistant Foreman, C. Hetzel; Secretary, C. B. D. Norwood. 

The East Orange Fire Department was organized in 1884. Henry Mills was appointed Chief 
Engineer, continuing until 1892; he was succeeded by Joseph D. Burchan, who filled the position for 
one year. The present incumbent, Samuel J. Blair, was appointed in 1894. The annual report of the 
Township Committee for 1895 shows the following condition of the Fire Department at tiiat time: 
The apparatus of the Department consists of one hook and latlder truck, four hose wagons antl one hose 
carriage. The department is under the command of one Chief Engineer and two Assistant Engineers. 
The active membership is 147, of which .\shlantl Hook aiul Ladder Com])any has 32 ; Ashland Hose 
Company No. i, 18; Eastern Hose Company No. 2, 24; Franklin Hose Comj^any No. 3, 22; Prospect 
Hose Company No. 4, 26; Elmwood Hose Company No. 5, 25. The disbanding of Prospect Hose 
Company No. 4 does not materi.illy diminish the force, as has already been stateil ; several members were 
transferred to Franklin No. 3. Eight permanent men are continually on dut\- under pa\-. During that 
year the department answered twenty bell alarms and six still alarms. The total losses by fire 
amounted to $3,145. 

WATER WORKS. The greatest improvement ever made in East Orange since it became a sepa- 
rate township was the establishment of the present system of water works. In 1867 the legislature 
granted a special charter to the Orange Water Company, allowing the construction of water ivorks 
and Hying of pipes through the streets of the city of Orange and adjoining townships. This charter, 
however, remained unused for thirteen years, until the summer of 1880, when the Citizens' Health 
Association, composed of members from all the Oranges, began to agitate the question of a water 
supply for all this district. I'requent meetings were held and a proposition was made by a private 
individual to sink wells and erect pumping works and furnish water ready for delivery into pipes for 
$125,000. This proposition was referred to a committee of prominent citizens who, finding the actual 
cost would be about $25,000, leaving §100,000 j^rofit to the constructor, or 400 per cent, on the invest- 
ment, reported adversely on the scheme and the matter was dro]iped for the time. 

In December, 1880, advertisements appeared giving notice of the opening of books for subscrip- 
tions for stock of the Orange Water Company, and to frustrate any speculative design, citizens of 
Orange and East Orange at once subscribed for 600 of the 1,000 shares of capital stock, securing control 
of the company. More stock was subsequently taken by the I^ast Orange residents, wlio now hold all 
of it. The large blocks of stock were afterwards offered to citizens of Orange and East Orange without 
reserve, in order that they might be directh- interested. The company was organized by the election of 
the following officers and directors: President, l'. M -Shepard : Vice-President, l)a\id N. Ropes; 
Treasurer, Joseph A. Minott ; Secretar\', (ieorge P. Kingslcj': Directors, V. X. Shepard, David N. 
Ropes, J. M. Randall. C. A. Lighthipe, J. A. Minott, Dr. William Pierson, J I,. .Munn. Steps were at 
once taken to perfect a i)lan for supplying Orange and East Orange with water. 

The valleys between the First and Second Mountains were surveyed, the flow of the stream toward 
Milburn ascertained during the dry summer of 1881 and the living springs were located. The plan 
[proposed by the company was to construct a storage reser\oir and take the water along a clean gravel 
bed of the stream to the Campbell pond, where some large springs come in, and from a reservoir at 
th.it point pump the water to a standpipe or basin at the top of the mountain, which would give ample 
supply and head for the highest points in Orange and East Orange. The water company hired Music 
Hall for a public meeting of the citizens of Orange and presented a proposal for furnishing water on a 
basis of hydrant rental. The meeting decided in favor of bonding the cit\- and constructing their own 
water works. The water company held valuable options for the purchase of huul and water rights in 
the mountain valley, and at the request of some citizens of Orange — the present Mayor Gill being one 



Thk Founders and Huildeus of the Oranges. 



393 



— to remove obstacles to the ininiediatc prosecution of the work in tlie city of Oran^jc, tr.insfcrreii these 
options without charge. The authorities of Orange allowed these options to expire and afterwards paid 
tlie owners of the property nearly twice as much. A similar proposal was then made to the citizens of 
East Orange, who favored it, and a contract was made between the township and the water company, 
December 1 1, i8Si, for ten years, which, with modifications, has been renewed for another term. 

The water company decided to use a supply to be obtained from the neighborhood of the Great 
Boiling Spring. This spring had never been known to fail, and in the original surveys formed the 
corner boundary of the township of Newark, Orange, Bloomfield and Belleville. Tjjree artesian wells 
were thiUcd, and as the sup[)ly of water pro\ed large, an open well of twenty-four feet diameter was 
excavated, followed by one of fifty feet diameter, another of one hundred feet diameter, then two wells 
of twenty-seven and one of fifty feet diameter, connected by an underground water gallery 700 feet lon<'. 
ten feet wide and twenty feet deep, also five atlditional artesi.m wells. .All the artesian wells have tiieir 
iron pipe casing driven into the rock, and the open wells and water gallery have walls of solid water- 
tight masonry built up from the bedrock, completely excluding surface water. These wells furnished a 
sup[)ly sufificient for the townshi[)s of East Orange and Bloomfield, but in 1894 the water comjjany, 
considering the rapid growth of the towns and their future wants, decided to separate their water supply 
and furnish Bloomfield with the Pequannock water, which left an ample supply for East Orange during 
the extreme drouth which occurred during the summer of 1894. 

The work at the wells, setting up the pum|)s and laying pipe in the street, began in the spring of 
1882 and five months later, November [, 1882, a public exhibition showed sufificient head of water at 
the hydrants to throw strong streams over the highest building, and to the top of the Brick Church 
steeple. The pumping plant consists of three pumps, with a total capacity of 7,000,000 gallons per day, 
supplied with steam from five boilers, all of which can be operated separately or together. Ten miles 
of street mains were laid in 18S2, to which additions have been made every year, the total length of 
pi|)e in East Orange being more than forty miles. To protect the purity of the water the company 
purchased from tiine to time land surrounding the wells, until they own about 142 acres, a large part 
being kept as a park, with drives and footpaths, to which the public always have access. The waters 
were tested in 1882 by Prof. George H. Cook, State Cieologist, and he i)ronounced them "good, whole- V 

soine waters, fit for all household purposes: thej' are free from all organic matter." The)' have been 
tested se\er.d times since by competent chemists, who have pronounced them entirely free from all 
organic imi)urities. In fact. East Orange is conceded by all experts to have the finest water of any 
place in New Jersey and not excelled anywhere. The care of the water by covering the wells and 
constructing the water gallery has been approved by visitors from all countries, and not long ago a 
request was received from an engineer in Moscow, Russia, for a description of the plant, he having been 
in this country on a visit and had come to East Orange with some acquaintances and was shown the 
water works. There was no change in the Board of Directors from the date of the organization until 
after the death of Mr. Randall, in 1895. The present officers are: F. M. Shepard, President; Vernon 
L. Davey, Vice-President : J. A. Minott, Treasurer; F. M. Shepard, Jr., Secretar\- ; Directors, F. M. 
Shepard, J. A. Minott, Joseph L. Munn. J. T. Rockwell, Dr. William Pierson. Vernon L. Davey, Fred. 
M. Shepard, Jr. 

Col. Gkorck V. Oi.COTT, Superintendent of the water works, was born in New York City, June 16, 
1850. He came witli his parents to Montclair about i860, and later to East Orange. His first 
knowledge of civil engineering was obtained as an employee of a railroad company. He was a member 
of the engineering corps which constructed the Passaic River dykes on the Newark meadows. On the 
completion of this work he became associated with W. H. \'. Reimer, civil engineer, continuing until 
1S78. He then took up the special work of drainage antl sanitary engineering. He constructed the 
works of the Orange Water Company, and has been Superintendent of the company since 1S82. He 
has served four years as a member of the East Orange Board of Education. He represented his district 



394 Till-: Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

in the State Lc.<,nslatiirc in 1893, and was re-elected the followinfj year. During the hitter term he intro- 
duced and urged the passage of the Township School Act. Of this, Mr. Poland, in his school report for 
1894, says: " The passage of the Olcott school bill of 1894 will stand for years to come as one of the 
epochs in the schcjol history of New Jersey." Col. Olcott served six years in the National Guard of 
New Jersey, and was made Quartermaster of Third Battalion in 1890, and in 1S94 was made Quarter- 
master-General with the rank of Colonel. He is a member of the Gatling Gun Armory Association of 
East Orange, and other local societies and organizations. He married Ella H. Condit, a native of East 
Orange, and has seven children. 

BANKS AND BANKING INSTITUTIONS. 

East Orange, while in no sense a manufacturing town, enjoys exceptional ad\-aiitages in its financial 
institutions. Prior to the year 1890, there was but one bank of discount in the entire section known as 
the Oranges. The necessity for increased banking facilities had for some time been felt, and an effort 
to interest the people of Orange in the organization of another bank had been made and failed, princi- 
pally for the reason that its proposed location would make it a direct competition for business with the 
old and well-established Orange National Bank. An effort to secure a charter for a State bank in East 
Orange had also been made, but for some reason the application was not favorably considered in 
Trenton. 

People's B.a.NK. In December, 1889, a few prominent residents of East Orange asked for a charter 
for the People's Bank of East Orange. The well-known character, standing and financial responsibility 
of the applicants, and the necessity for banking facilities in that township, the richest and, in many 
respects, the most important in the State, were acknowledged, and the charter was granted immediately. 
In February of the following year the new bank opened its doors for business at its present location, 533 
Main Street, and from that time its success has been phenomenal. The necessity for a secure depositor)- 
for money, and the convenience of keeping a bank account, were soon recognized by the people living 
and doing business in the vicinity, and within a month the success of the new bank was placed beyond 
question. It has paid dividends almost from the beginning, and has accumulated a handsome reserve 
fund. No change has been made in the Board of Directors since its organization, which shows that the 
stockholders are satisfied with the manner in which their interests have been cared for. A large and 
magnificent building, of brick and stone, was erected near the site of the present bank building, in 1S96. 
This is one of the finest public buildings in the township, and reflects great credit on the managers of 
this institution. I'ollowing is a list of the officers and directors: William M.Franklin, President; 
Edv.ard P. Ailing, \'ice-President ; Abraham H. Ryan, Cashier; James B. Dill, Counsel; Frank O. 
Barstow, William C. Horn, Caton L. Decker, William W. Jacobus, David Bingham and Edward W. 
Ashley, Directors. 

The success of the People's Bank is due chiefly to the efforts of William Morris Franklin, whose 
residence here dates from the erection of East Orange as a separate township. He was the founder of 
the bank and has been its President from the date of its organization. Mr. Franklin was born in New 
\'ork Cit\-, but has resided in the Oranges since 1863. He is a descendant of Matthew Franklin, a 
quaker, who settled in New \'ork in 1665, the year following the capture of the city by the English. 
Mr. I'Vanklin has been well known in New York for many years as a member of the lithographing firm 
of Julius Bien & Co. He retained his interest in the compan\- after its incorporation and is still 
active in the business. In East Orange his influence has been felt and acknowledged upon many occa- 
sions. He is a warden of Grace Church and for twenty-two years has been a member of its vestry. 
He is President of the People's Bank, a director and chairm.in of the I-lxecutive Committee of the 
Sa\ings Investment and Trust Company, and a large stockiiolder in each institution. He is one of the 
commissioners of the sinking fund of East Orange, and 3Cti\e in e\x'rything that concerns the welfare 
of the township. He is \'ice-President of the Orange Athletic Club, a director of the Riding Club antl 




WILLIAM M. FRANKLIN. 

PRESIDENT OF PEOPLE'S BANK. 



Tin: Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 395 

a member of the Kssex County Club, the Grolicr Club, of New York, and the Newport Casino. Mr. 
FrankUn married the third dau^Miter of the late Israel Sheldon, who was a well-known citizen of Orant-c. 
and resides in Prospect Street, honored and respected by a veritable host of warm personal friends. 

Tin: S.\viN(;s Invkstment and Tklsi Comianv. Tliis company began business October 1. 1892, 
but even in its early career it was a fi.xture in the community. It has been very successful from the start, 
and its business is growing at a rate that augurs exceedingly well for its future. The company has a 
remarkably broad charter, is authorized to act as executor, administrator, trustee and guardian ; it receives 
deposits subject to sight drafts, issues certificates of deposit bearing interest, transacts a general banking 
and trust company business, and becomes security on bonds of executors, trustees, guardians, receivers, 
etc. There is also a department for savings. Deposits of §' a"tl upwards are received and intere.st 
allowed on deposits. The company, since its organization, has occupied a part of the People's Hank 
building, and on the completion of the new building, removed thence, where a large vault was built for 
a safe deposit department, provided with the best and all the latest improvements for this purpose. 

The high anil honorable character and great ability of the gentlemen who stand at the head of its 
affairs assure careful, conservative and successful operation, as will be seen at a glance from the following 
list of names: President, Abraham H. Ryan; Vice-President, James H. Dill; Treasurer, Edward P. 
Ailing; Secretary, Harry D. Miller; Directors, Edward P. Ailing, Edward W. Ashley, Frank O. Barstow, 
Charles Mathaway, Richard Coyne, Herbert J. Condit, Caton L. Decker, Henry (). Clark, James B. 
Dill, William M. Franklin, William H. Allen, Edward Green, William C. Horn, William W. Jacobus, 
John C. Kirtland, E. \'. Z. Lane, Frank H. La Pierre, Abraham H. Ryan, George Seabury, J. L. Seward, 
M. D., E. K. Silby, Hamilton Wallis and George N. Wilcox. Comment upon these names is hardly- 
necessary, they are so well known as representing the best business and professional talent of this 
localit)- and as gentlemen of means and influence, who have proven their capability to care for the 
monetary interests of others by the success that has attended the management of their own personal 
affairs. The state courts have recognized and endorsed the reliability of the company by sending it 
important receiverships, accepting its guarantees on the receivers' bonds in the Hurkhalter case, where 
§75,000 was involved, and in the still more important matter of H. M. Silverman Company, of Jersey 
City. Coming to East Orange for bonds and directing receivers to deposit their funds in the Trust 
Companj-, was not only highly complimentary to our home company, but an acknowledgment of the 
old adage that '• nothing succeeds like success," and to those who have had unprecedented success shall 
be given more and more confidence and trust. 

The affairs of this Savings Investment and Trust Company are under the management of Colonel 
Abraham H. Ryan, one of the incorporators and its first President, who has been a resident of Orange 
for the past sixteen years. He was born in New York City in 1837, removing to Illinois when a boy. 
On the first call to arms, in 1S61, he assisted in organizing Company A, Seventeenth Illinois Volunteer 
Infantry, and was elected First Lieutenant, but was made Adjutant when the regiment was mustered 
into service. At Shiloh, as Adjutant of the Third Brigade, he commanded the brigade for several hours 
after its Colonel was mortally wounded, the only instance during the war of an officer of the rank of 
First Lieutenant commanding a brigade in a pitched battle. He was promoted to Captain for this 
service. In May, 1862, he was detailed as chief of staff by Brigadier-General Ross. After the fall of 
Vicksburg he was assigned to the staff of Major-General Steele, commanding the Army of Arkansas. 
February 10, 1864, he was mustered as Colonel of the Third Regiment, Arkansas Cavalry, and remained 
in this command until the close of the war. After peace was declared. Colonel Ryan went into business 
in Little Rock. Arkansas, and for several years was general manager of the Little Rock, Mississippi 
River and Ouchita Railroad. In 1873, while visiting Cape Cod. he saved the lives of two ladies and 
recovered the bodies of three others who had been drowned, and was presented by the citizens of Fal- 
mouth, Mass., with a gold medal, and by the Humane Society of Massachu.setts with the highest testi- 
monial medal. Colonel Ryan came to East Orange in 1880. He has served seven years as school 



396 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



trustee and five years as member of the Township Committee. He is President of the Sa\ings Invest- 
ment and Trust Company, cashier of the People's Bank, and ex-President of the Orange Art .Associa- 
tion. " The Colonel," as he is familiarly called, is known throughout the Oranges for his goodness of 
heart and the flawless integrity of his life. Socially, he is well-known and everywhere cordially wel- 
comed. At the clubs he is as popular with the \-oung men as with the elders. It is truly saitl that to 
the universal esteem and honor in which the cashier of the People's Bank is held, is due largely the suc- 
cess of the bank. No man in the Oranges has more thoroughly the honest respect and hearty friend- 
.ship of the entire community than Colonel Ryan. 

R.VST Orange National Bank. The organization of a bank in that section of East Orange 
known as the Junction was justified by the constant demands of the people living in this locality for 
more convenient banking facilities, and the gentlemen who believed the time was ripe for a new enter- 
prise of this kind were justified in their conclusions, as shown b\' the result of the four years' business of 
this bank. The first meeting to consider the advisability of organizing a bank to be located in the 
neighborhood of Arlington Avenue and Main Street, was held in May, 1892, at the residence of Hon. 
J. Frank Fort. There were present at this meeting, John C. Cassidy, James J. Blackman, Orlaiuio E. 
Con<lit, Rev. Elias Mead and W. H. Bryan. The result of this meeting was that a sufficient number of 
shares were pledged to justify the undertaking. Judge P'ort, with his accustomed push and energy, 
soon succeeded in enlisting the support of a number of well-known business men. A public meeting 
was called in May, which was largely attended, and the full amount of capital stock — ^lOO.OCO — was 
subscribed. On May 31, the following-named stockholders met and completed the organization, viz.: 
Frederick M. Shepard, Samuel O. Church, J. J. Blackman, ¥. W. Coolbaugh, R. M. Sanger, S. M. Long, 
E. E. Mills, \V. 1'. Craig, Aaron Adams, M. Wheaton, Elias O. Doremus, J. H. Geduly, G. \Y. Bryan, 
O. E. Condit, J. E. Reynolds, Richard Coyne, S. O. Church, Chas. A. Groves, Chas. Hathaway, E. H. 
Masters and D. S. Walton. The directors met the same evening and elected [""rederick M. Shepard, 
President, and Hon. J. h'rank Fort, Vice-President ; W. 11. Bryan was elected cashier. Mr. Shepard 
resigned the presidency Ajiril 2, 1894, and Judge P'ort was elected to succeed him; Dr. (iroves was 
elected Vice-President. The report for July, 1896, shows the total resources of the bank as §486,671.02. 
The untlivided profits at this lime were $9,649. 10, and the amount due depositors, §281,683.42. The bank 
has done a very successful business. A large, new bank building was begun in the summer of 1896, 
located nearly opposite the present one. 

East OrancK Sake DKrosiT and TkusI' Co.mpany. The name imlicates the object antl pur- 
pose of this institution. It was organized on .Ma\- 4. 1S87, with a capital of §50,000; the following 

named persons were the incorporators: Frederick M.Shep- 
1 ard, John M. Randall, John T. Rockwell, Joseph A. Minott. 

y^^-- Joseph L. Munn. Dr. Wni. I'ierson, Vernon L. Davey. The 
Jfc|^* officers elected at the time were: 1". M. Shepard, Presi- 
•^'-^ dent; John M. Randall, Vice-President ; Josci)h .\. Minott, 
Treasurer; !•". M. Slu'i)ard. J r., Sccretar\'. The only cliange 
that has taken place in tin- officers since its organization is 
the election of Vernon L. Davey to the Vice-Presidenc_\-, in 
the place of John M. Randall, deceased. 

Commonwealth Hi 11 imm;. The directors of the 
Orange W'.iter Company, feeling desirous of doing what 
they couki to make East Orange an attractive place of resi- 
dence, decided, in 1887, to build, in connection with a busi- 
ness office, a hall where entertainments and public meetings 
could be held. The plan, moderate at first, grew to the 
construction of the Commonwealth Building. After the 





4*1 'Witt '1 HI c J 






i.AI.TII lUM.DING. 




CHARLES STARR. 



t 



m 



STARR. 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. ^.jj 

commencement of the work it was tlien decided to add safe dei)osil vaults, and later, the East Orange 
Safe Deposit and Trust Company beinj,' orj,'ani/.ed, the Commonwealth Huilding was sold to that com- 
pany, the water company retaining the office in the corner room on the first floor. In the building art- 
safe deposit vaults, safes and boxes, for safe keeping of valuable papers, jewelry, silverware, etc. The 
first floor is occupied by the East Orange National Hank, the Post Office and S. & J. Davis for a 
restaurant. 

THE EAST ORANGE GAZETTE. WJien a town has reached that point where it can support a 

local paper, its subscciuent growth is already assured. This fact was fully appreciated by Stc|)hen M. 
Long, the enterprising real estate agent, when, in order to further his business operations, he started a 
real estate paper. The first number was issued May i, 1S73, and was a very modest affair. It was 
an eight-page sheet. 14x20 inches, five columns to the page, and was called the /iiut Oraii^f Gazette, 
the name it still retains. The experiment proved successful, and Mr. Long found the people of East 
Orange were ready to support a weekly newspaper of their own, and be no longer dependent on the 
neighboring township journals for their news. Being a Republican in politics, Mr. Long decided to 
make it a Republican paper, and received sufficient assurances from the leading members of that party 
to justify him in this course; it thus became, and still continues as the organ of the Republican party. 
The paper was subsequently enlarged to 20x26 inches, four pages, eight columns to the page. It was 
printed at first, partly in New York and partly in Orange, and for some time at the Chronule office, in 
Orange. 

On May 1, 1882, Mr. Charles Starr, the present proprietor, purchased the good will, etc., of the 
paper, there being no plant to dispose of. lie at once enlarged it to its present size, and a year later 
put in a complete newspaper and jobbing plant. On Januarj- i, 1893, he moved into his present 
quarters on Main Street, near the Junction. He fitted up the office with the best and all the latest im- 
provements in presses, etc., and everj-thing necessary to carry on his business in enlarged quarters. The 
expectations of the present proprietor have been fully realized ; the circulation, as well as the advertis- 
ing, has steadily increased, and the Gazette is recognized, not simply as the organ i>f a |)olitical party, 
but as one of the best family papers in the State. 

CnARLi;s .Starr, the editor of the Gazette, is a native of Cincinnati. Ohio; born .\pril 19, 1855. 
He is the son of Edgar P. and Lucy M. (Jackson) Starr, of New York, and a direct descendant of Com- 
fort .Starr, of Boston, who had a son and grandson named Comfort. A descendant of these. General 
Comfort .Starr, was a distinguished officer of the Connecticut Line, in the War of the Revolution. 
Most of the descendants of the first Comfort Starr resitieii in Connecticut. Charles Starr came East 
\\ith his parents when he was nine years of age. and since then has been a resident of Orange. He 
recei\ed his education at the public and private schools of the city. He left school at the age of fifteen 
and spent four years at surveying, in the office of Mead & Taylor. He began his journalistic experience 
in the office of the Orange Clironielc, as reporter, book-keeper and finally as local editor. He had an 
experience of seven years in this line of work, and when, in the spring of 1882, he decided to undertake 
the publication of the Gazette, he was well-fitted and thoroughly equipped for such an undertaking. 
Although the paper is the recognized organ of the Republican party, Mr. Starr has conducted it in such 
a manner as to win the confidence of the people without regard to party differences. Upright, honest 
and fearless in the discharge of his duties to the public as a journalist, he never oversteps the bounds of 
propriety by personal attacks on the individual, whatever may be the cause of grievance, but presents his 
facts in a clear, concise and forcible manner, leaving it for his readers to " hear and determine." He 
devotes his whole time to his journalistic labors, leaving others to manage the political affairs of the 
township. As a man he is courteous, kind and agreeable, and equally accessible to rich or poor. He is 
interested in the various benevolent organizations of the Oranges, in some of which he has borne a con- 
spicuous part. He is Past Regent of Longfellow Council, No. 675, Royal .\rcanum ; Past Commander 
of Arlington Council, American Legion of Honor; Past Dictator of Garfield Lodge, Knights of Honor; 



398 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

Past .\rchon, in East Orange Conclave, Improved Order of Heptosophs. He is also a member of Hope 
Lodge, F. & A. M., of East Orange; of Plato Lodge, Knights of Pythias, and other fraternal organiza- 
tions. Mr. Starr married, October 20, 1880, Minnie E. Smith, daughter of Caleb A. and Marj' J. (Munn) 
Smith. She died December 4, 1891, leaving one child, Charles Edgar. On September 10, 1896, Mr. 
Starr again married, his wife being Jean Tamczen Slee, daughter of Matthew Henry and Miranda Calde- 

cott Slee, of Auburn, N. Y. 

EDUCATIONAL. 

The public schools of East Orange will compare favorably with those of any township in the State. 
For the superior educational advantages, which the present system provides, great credit is due to 
Joseph L. Munn, President of the Board of Education, who has devoted the best years of his life to 
this purpose. In this he has had the hearty and liberal support of the people, and in the change from 
the old to the new system and the increased facilities provided from year to yeav to meet the demands 
of the increasing population, there has been little or no opposition. When East Orange was erected as 
a separate township, the boundaries of the three school districts which then existed were described in 
Section 6 of the act of the Legislature erecting the township, as follows: "' Ami be it cnactcii. That the 
territory in the township of East Orange shall be composed and divided into three school districts, as 
follows: All the territorj- lying east of tlie centre of Cherry Street, from the Hloomfield line to Main 
Street, and from the said point on Main Street to the east side of the town farm on the South Orange 
line, shall be the Eastern school district ; all the territory lying north of a line drawn from the junction 
of Cherry Street and the Bloomfield line to the junction of Park and Washington Streets, and on 
through the centre of Park Street to the line between the town of Orange and the township of East 
Orange, shall be the Franklin school district; all the remaining territory in said town shall be the 
Ashland school district : and the said districts shall hold elections for school trustees in their respective 
school districts according to the provisions of the general school law, on the first Monday in April, at 
the usual hour." 

The division of these school districts corresponded \ery nearl\- with the neighborhood organizations 
that existed before an\- systematic organization was effected and the subsequent divisions under the old 
school law. An act passed by the Legislature of New Jersey, November 27, 1794, and entitled "An 
Act to Incorporate Societies for the Promotion of Learning," furnished the occasion and provided the 
means for the organization of the first schools of a public character. Three school-houses were built 
within the bounds of what is now East Orange townshii)— one called the Eastern School-house, in the 
district which bore that name, another called the White School-house, located at Brick Church, in what 
was later known as the Ashland district, and another known as Doddtown School-house, in what was 
subsequently known as Franklin school district. The original book of minutes relating to the Eastern 
district shows that the money to buy the lot and build the school-house was raised by a number of small 
subscriptions, the subscribers becoming stockholders. In addition to the names of all the old families 
living in the vicinity, the subscription list shows also the names of several eminent citizens of Newark — 
F"relinghy.sen, Pennington, Whitehead and others. The government was vested in a board of seven 
trustees chosen at the annual meeting of the stockholders. The trustees held title to property and 
managed all affairs of the school. These schools were small and had but one teacher. They served a 
very good purpose until the organization of school districts under the general free .school law. 

Mr. Vernon L. Davey, the present School Superintendent for East Orange, in his annual report for 
1893, gives a brief history of the schools of the township up to that time, showing the gradual tlevelop- 
ment from the old to the new system. He says : " Prior to 1889 the township contained three districts, 
in each of which was a substantial brick school-house varying in size from eight rooms to fifteen rooms, 
and one of which contained a branch school in a four room brick building. As the rapidly-increasing 
school population had filled the buildings of the two larger districts, the question of additional build- 
ings became an important one and was discussed in the school meetings of the different districts in 
March, 1889. The time was ripe for action, and by common consent, with hardly a dissenting voice, the 



TiiK Founders and Builders ok the Oranges. 



399 



consolidation of the three districts into a new district, including; the entire township, was effected. The 
new district took possession of all the school properties and assumed all indebtedness, bonded or other- 
wise. A Hoard of Education, consisting of eight members, was appointed in accordance with the 
statute providing that there shall be two members from each ward. This board recommended to the 
Township Committee the erection of a central High School building. An appropriation of $i20.<xxj 
was matle ami the new building, which is, without exception, the most substantially and thoroughly 
constructed school-house in the State, was ready for occupancy December i, 1891." This building is 
located on Winan Street, about three hundred feet north of Main .Street. 

The increasing po[)ulation caused the erection of a new jjrimary building (Columbian) and the 
division of a ward, in 1893, and there are now five wards, with a Hoard of Education of ten niembcrs, 
half of whom retire each year. The new building contains eight class rooms and ccst, without the lot. 
$45,000. It is the most complete primary building in the State. There are now seven large school- 
houses within the township of East Orange, the aggregate value of which appro.ximatcs $400,000; total 
number of children enrolled, 2,931 ; estimated cost of maintaining schools, 1^87,500, an average of S;o 
])er annum for each child enrolled. 

Tllli High Scikku,. situated on Winan Street, between William and Main, has ten recitation 
rooms, manual training, gymnasiums, two study rooms and offices; total value ^130,000. The lot is 
197.6 feet front, b\- 183.6 deep. This 
building, which was erected for the 
sole use of the High School depart- 
ment, has been made to relieve the 
pressure in the grammar schools by ad- 
mitting the highest grade of each 
school. While the aim of the school 
is not merely or chiefly to prepare 
students for more advanced studies, 
this is one of its important functions, 
and pupils are sent from here to the 
best colleges in the country as thor- 
oughly prepared as from any other 
institution in the State. The faculty 
of the school consists of Wmiiou L. 
Davey, A. B., Principal, with seven 
assistants in the regular course, and in 
the preparatory class there are three 
teachers. The enrollment for 1895-6 
shows, white children, 357; colored, 3 ; 
total, 360. 

Columbian School, corner of Grove Street and Springdalc Avenue. This building is. in its 
general plan, a model of what a primary or grammar school should be ; it has eight class and teachers 
rooms, and the halls are spacious and well-lighted ; the value of this property is given at *50.000. The 
lot on which it is located has a frontage of 185.6 feet, and an average depth of 19S feet. Six teachers 
are employed in this .school, of which I'rank D. Coe is Principal. The enrollment for 1895-6 is. white 
children, ^2^; colored, 6; total, 329. 

FUASKLIX School, Dodd Street, located in that part of East Orange formerly known as Dodd- 
town; has nine rooms. This attractive site is an inegular quadrangle, running to a point on the ea.st 
and having an area of two acres, valued at $40,000. This lot is the largest belonging to any of the 




fcAil OKANGK HIGH SCHOOL. 



400 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

schools. It is situated on the north side of Dodd Street, about seventy feet west of Girard Avenue; 
conveyed in 1812 to the trustees of the Franklin School-house, township of Orange ; said conveyance 
not being recorded until fifty-seven years later (1882). The deed calls for a frontage of about 80 feet, 
and a depth of 203 feet, more or less. An adjoining property owner claims about twenty feet of this 
frontage, but a recent survc\- and search does not, it is said, sustain this claim. The building is equipped 
with all the modern impro\emcnts Frank S. Tisdale, A. M., a graduate of Hamilton College, is the 
Principal, with a corps of eight efficient assistants. The enrollment for 1895-6 shows, 453 white and 9 
colored children, making a total of 462. 

ASIII..A.XD School, on North Clinton Street, is the largest school in the township. It has sixteen 
rooms, and is valued at §75,000. The lot on which it is located is 244 feet front by 200.6 feet deep. 
Sixteen teachers, besides the Princiiial, Clarence E. Morse, are employed in this school; 722 white and 
"jl colored, making a total of 793 scholars enrolled. In his annual report, 1S95-6, the SuperintL-ndent 
says: "The Elmwood School acts as a feeder to this school and sends yearly from fifteen to twenty 
pupils into the sixth-\-ear class. The Columbian School has served the same purpose to a limited extent, 
as the territor}' from which it draws ]iriniar)- pupils includes some of the second ward." 

Elmwood School, situatetl on the westerly side and northerh- end of Paik Street, between Main 
and South Arlington .\\enues. It has six rooms and is valued at $30,000. The lot is one hundretl feet 
front by 300 feet deep. It is considered one of the best of the primary schools. There are six teachers 
besides the Principal, Albert II. Wilson. The enrollment for 1895-6 shows, 300 white children, 
9 colored, making a total of 310. 

Eastern School, situated on Main Street, near Maple Avenue, has twelve rooms and is valued at 
$60,000. The lot on which it stands contains one acre, affording ample room for enlargement and 
additional buildings. In addition to the Principal, Edward H. Dutcher, there are thirteen teachers. 
The enrollment, 1895-6, is, 695 white, 62 colored children; total, 677. 

The present members of the Board of Education are: Alonzo G. Hyde and David O. Irving, first 
ward; George S. Hulbert and George P, Olcott, second ward; John Crowell and Roderick M. Sanger, 
third ward: Joseph 1.. Miinn and William Thomas, fourth ward; George R. Howe and William H. 
P'orce, fifth ward. President, (jeorge S. llulburt; District Clerk, Rev. John Crowell, D. D.: .Superin- 
tendent of Schools, Vernon L. Davey, \. \\. 

Prinate Schools. Notwithstanding the fact that the people of East Orange have made such 
liberal provisions for free education, the\- have maintained some of the best private schools in the State. 
The first private school of importance — designed especially for young ladies — was started by M. O. 
Halsted, the pioneer of the new settlement, in 1S47. His aim was to establish a seminary of a high 
order for the benefit of that class of people who could afford to give their children a better education 
than could be obtained at that time in the public schools. P"or this purpose he fitted up a large build- 
ing on the west corner of Main Street and Washington Place, previously used by Amos W. Condit as a 
store and manufactor)-. The seminar\- was opened under the most favorable circumstances by Rev. 
F. A. Adams, a graduate of Dartmouth and a man well qualified for the position of Principal. Thirty- 
six pupils were enrolled the first day and it was soon filled with a class of students for which it was 
designed, and a number were received fiom abroad. Continuing for five years in its original location, 
furnished at the sole expense o{ the founder, it outgrew its surrouniiings, necessitating enlarged facilities. 
This led to the organization of a company of gentlemen interested in the furtherance of this object. 
The company purchased the property extending from Main Street to the railroad, including a large and 
eligible vacant lot, upon which they erected a concrete buikling ]ilanned to suit the wants of the school. 
In this building Mr. Adams continued as Principal for the next five years, and after his retirement the 
institution passed to the management of other instructors who, yielding to the adverse circumstances, 
al)andoned the field, and the building has since been devoted to other purposes. 



■fin: Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 401 

Tin UNhKRiui 1, School. This school, conducted by the Misses Underbill, is the largest private 
institution of llic kind in East Orange, and enjoys a liberal patronage. It is centrally located on Harri- 
son Street, not far from Hrick Church Station. The large corps of teachers enables each scholar to 
receive individual attention, as well as have the stimulus of working with others. In the primary- 
department pupils are prepared for the discipline of the higher departments, and in the junior and senior 
grades the work is carefully arranged to graduate the pupils from cither of the two courses of studv. the 
classical or literary. In the classical course a complete preparation for college is given, and pupil-, 
entered on certificate. Special arrangements are provided to meet the requirements of those who 
desire to study French, German, art, elocution, cooking or sewing. Provision has also been made for 
those desiring a Normal course, with a view of teaching in industrial or other schools. The art depart- 
ment is fully equipped with every facility for pursuing this study, and all the arrangements are ver>' 
complete throughout. 

LODGES, ETC. 

Hope LoDi;e, No. 124, F. & A. M. This lodge has passed its first quarter of a century with a 
strong membership. It was organized under dispensation, July 22, 1871, with twenty-four charter 
members, and began work in the old school-house on Main Street, nearly opposite the present Eastern 
District Public School. The first officers elected under dispensation were: Thomas W. Topham, W. M.; 
N. G. Baldwin, S. W.; C. F. R. Moore, J. W.; George Booth, Treasurer; John D. Toppin, Secretary; 
Charles B. Day, S. D.; A. E. Hedden, J D.; Jjiliu..ILjrxustlen, S. M. C; II. A. Hottewroth. J. M. C: 
H. C. Willis, Tyler. The lodge was regularly constituted I'ebruary 5, 1872, and held its first communi- 
cation in the new Eastern District Public School-house. The first officers elected under the charter 
were: George W. F"ortmeyer, W. M.; C. W. Anderson, S. VV.; Charles B. Day, J. \\'.; George Booth, 
Treasurer; D. M. Logan, Secretary; N. G. Baldwin, S. D.; A. E. Hedden, J. D.; Oliver Libby. S. M. C: 
E. S. Paucher, J. M. C; Richard Libby, Chaplain ; H. C. Willis, Tyler. The present membership of the 
lodge is between one hundred and twenty to thirty. Of this number are the following Past Masters: 
George Booth, A. B. Williams, H. E. Jepson, James A. Selvey, C. H. Gillespie, Jr., J. H. Bird, I. C. 
Cassidy, E. B. Gillbard, Louis McCloud, William B. Arnold, M. D. The present officers are: Robert 
D. Merrill, W. M.; Alonzo Durkee, S. \V.; Wm. C. Mcllvainc, J. W.; W. J. C. Cassidy, Treasurer; 
F"rank R. Wickes, Secretary; George T. Boggs, S. D.; F'ranklin Webster, J. D. The regular communi- 
cations are held on the first and third Wednesday evenings of each month. 

East Oraxce Lodge, No. 242, I. O. O. F. This lodge was instituted March 24, 1S94. [No further 
information could be obtained. — Ed.| 

East Oran(;e Division, No. 184, Sons ok TKMrKRANCE, was organized March 22, 18S0, in Kut- 
cher's Hall, 191 North Park Street, East Orange, with thirteen charter members. Its first officers were: 
George Kutcher. VV. P.; George Sutphcn, R. S.; Joseph Murtha, A. R. S.; Charles Smith. !•". S.; Caleb 
Riker, Treasurer; Rev. J. H. Marr, Chaplain; W. L. Soverell, Com.; David D. Sutphen, A. C; John 
Gamble, I. S.; John I'lsher. O. S. The present officers are: James Lowney. W. P.; Frederick Hick- 
bohm, W. A.; Frank Cullen, R. S.; Ray Winner, A. R. S.; Walter E. Oakley, F. S.; George Kutcher, 
Treasurer; Wm. Morrow, Chaplain ; George Smith, Conductor; Samuel Dope, Ass't Conductor; Charles 
Arlis, I. S.; H. E. Williams, O. S.; Mrs. Maynes Potter, Supt. Young People's Work; May Tyler, 
I'. W. ]'. 

Akitnc;ton Councii., No. 626, Amekuan Lecion ok Honok. was organized May 13, 1S85, with 
the following charter members: S. M. Long, J. J. Moore, J. H. (iedney. George Purdue, W. H. Nichols. 
Richard Purdue, H. J. Richey, S. B Stewart, W. D. Robinson, M. !).. W. Kean, Jr.. J. Thompson. L. 
D. Gallison, Charles Starr, A. O. Lunischloss, J. D. Otis. The first officers of the council were: S. M. 
Long, Past Commander; L. D. Gallison, Commander; A. O. Lunischloss, Secretary; John Thompson, 
Collector; J. D. Otis, Treasurer. 



402 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

The East Okan(;k Imi'I<i>vf..MEN r Society, which was organized by Gardner R. Colby, Samuel 
C. Burdick, George W. Fortmeyer and other prominent citizens about 1880, and has proved itself to be 
a power in the township. Its main object was to suppress any nuisance wi)ich might have gained a 
foothold in this residential section and to carefully guard against the inroads of any objectional enter- 
prise. It has always worked in harmony witli the town authorities, and it not only abated existing 
nuisances but caused many improvements, such as the admirable sewer system, the planting of shade 
trees, macadamizing the roads, etc., etc. The society is composed of the best citizens of East Orange, 
with George W. Fortmeyer, President; Hamilton Wallis, Vice-President; Everett Mills, Secretary; 
and D. S. Walton, President .Sinking Fund Commission. It stands ready at all times to support the 
Township Committee in furthering improvements, and inaugurates measures tending to add to the 
beauty of the section. It has a Committee on Public Welfare, which has the machinery to push and 
engineer new projects for the welfare of the people. It has proposed amendments to the charter, 
whereby the community may secure a president or mayor, with executive and veto powers, without 
incurring the expense of a city government. The society has now a membership of 250, is 
absolutely non-partisan and \'et extremely active on all public questions affecting the public in general. 
It was organized to make sure that East Orange should be a model residential section, and now that 
they have secured that fact, they are determined to watch over and perpetuate the present satisfactory 
condition of affairs. 

PROMINENT FA:\IILIES AND UKArTlFlT. HOMES. 

The following list comprises only a part of those who have been prominent as Builders in East 
Orange, but the difficulty of obtaining data of many others is the principal reason for their omission. 
Only a few of the large number of beautiful residences have been selected in order to show the stj'le of 
architecture of the present and past. Otliers were omitted because photos could not be obtained. 

THE DOREMUS FAHILY. 
Line of descent fronn Cornelius Dorennus, 160O. 

Cornelius Doremus, the ancestor of the Doremus family in this country, came from Holland about 
1690, and settled at or near Acquackanonck (now Passaic), New Jersey. He was a large land owner. 
An Indian deed, of the Uuck Purchase, dated .Ma\- 16, 1703, of a large tract of land lying along the 
Passaic River, has his name attached as a witness, the conveyance being made by twelve Indians, prob- 
ably of the Hackensack tribe of Lenni Lenapes. The name of his wife is not known. His chiklren 
were: Johannes, born at Middlebury, Holland, about 1687; Thomas, born at Acquackanonck about 
1690; Cornelius, born 1692; Ilendrick, born 1695, and Joris, born about 1697. 

Thomas Doremus, son of Cornelius, born at Acquackanonck about 1690, resided at Wesel, N. J.; 
married October 4, 1712, Anneke .Abrahamse Ackerman, born at Hackensack. N. J. He hatl fi\-e child- 
ren: Coriulius, born 1715; Goline, of Jacksonville, baptized November 14, 1720; Abraham, of Cedar 
Grove, born about 1722 ; Peter, of Cedar Grove, born about 1725 ; Johannes, born about 1726; Anneke, 
baptized May 5, 1756. 

Cornelius Doremus, son of Thomas and Anneke Abrahamse (Ackerman) Doremus, born April 4, 
1715, lived at Doremustown, N. J. He married, about 1738, Antje ^'oung, and had ten children, viz.: 
Hendricus, of Wesel, N. J., baptized March 3, 1739, (married, Sept. 25, 1760, Margaret \'an Winkle); 
Thomas, born April, 1741, (great-grandfather of Prof. R. Ogden Doremus, of New York); Peter, of 
Slottcrdam, N. J., baptized June 8, 1744; Maritji, baptized May 17, 1746, (married Bartholomew Dodd, 
of Beaverstown) ; Johannes, of Doremustown, born about 1749, died 1821, hotel-keeper; Jannetji, bap- 
tized 1754; Susanna, born 1756; Alitta, born about 1758. 

Peter Doremus, son of Cornelius and Antje (Young) Doremus, was born at Slotterdam, N. J.. June, 
1744. He married Polly Dey, and had issue: Jacob, Richard, Cornelius, Peter and two daugliters, one 
of whom married Henry Perry; the other married J. Speer. 




ELIAS O. DOREMUS. 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



403 



Cornelius Doromus, son of Peter ami I'olly (Ucy) Dorenius, was born near Hcavcrstown, N. J., Feb. 
17, 1787. He married Jane Dellart, anil had issue: Peter Cornelius, John Cornelius and several 
ilaiit;hters. 

IV'ter Cornelius Doremus, son of Cornelius and Jane (Dellart) Dorenius, was born April, 1807. and 
died June 30, i86g. He married Julia A. Osborn, daughter of John 11. Osborn, born at Hloomfitld, N. 
J., 1770. I Id mother was the daughter of Zophar Haldwin, born February 9, 1740; served with the 
Essex County Militia in the War of the Revolution. He was the son of David Haldwin, son of Hcnja- 
min, son of Joseph, son of John Baldwin, Senior, the New Jersey ancestor who signed the Fundamental 
Agreement, i'eter C. Doremus came to Orange in 1829, and located near tiie present corner of Main 
and Harrison Streets, and the following year soKl that property and bought ten acres of ground near 
Prospect and Clinton Streets. He lived there until 1S50, when he purchased what was later known 
as the Candler [jroperty, on Harrison Street, from which he moved to William Street, where he built 
the house in whicii he died in 1869. His children were: Mary Cook, born May 3, 1833, died August 
17, 1873 : she marrietl Charles Clark, and left one surviving child, (leorge Rishop Clark. Julia A. Dore- 
inus, the third child of Peter C, was born December 5, 1845, died March 10, 1S81 ; she married David 
J. Rogers, and left two surviving children. Leslie D. and Pldward. The eldest child of Peter C. was 
EI ids OsIhu'ii. 

Elias Osborn Doremus. son of Peter Cornelius and Julia A. (Osborn) Doremus, was born at 
Orange, X. J.. January 17, 1S31. lie was educated at the i)ublic school in Orarige, and afterwards 

worked for some years with his 
father, a leading carpenter and 
builder of his day. He succeeded 
his father in the business, which he 
carried on successfully, under the 
firm name of Jones & Doremus, for 
about twenty-five years. This was 
the largest building firm in the 
Oranges, they having erected some 
of the finest buildings in this locality. 
In the year 1865 Mr. Doremus, to- 
gether with Moses H. Williams and 
Samuel W. Baldwin, purchased some 
forty acres, extending from Wash- 
ington Street to Arlington Avenue, 
in East Orange. William Street, 
extending from Washington .Street, 
was opened through this property 
to North Clinton Street, and North 
Clinton Street to .Summit Street, and 
Summit Street to Arlington Avenue; 
also Walnut Street was extended from William Street to Sumnn't Street; Lincoln Street was opened 
from William Street to Carleton Street. The opening of these streets gave a great impetus to build- 
ing operations in East Orange, and marked an era from which the great pro.sperity and growth of 
the town may properly be dated. 

Ill 1872 Mr. Doremus was nominated by the Republicans to represent the .Second Assembly Dis- 
trict in the Legislature of this State, and was elected by a large majority over his Democratic opponent. 
He was re-elected in 1873, and was made chairman of the Ways and Means Committee; also chairman 
of the Committee on Education, and also served as a member of other important committees. It was 
at this session of the Legislature that the Compulsory Education bill and the General Railway law were 




KKSIDENCE OK EI.TAS OSBORN DOREMUS. 



404 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

passed, which received tlie earnest support of Mr. Doreiiuis. Other important bills were enacted at this 
session to which ^Ir. Dorenius lent material aid, and his whole course met "aith the hearty approwil of 
his constituents. Mr. Uoremus lias filled various otlier important positions in tlie county and township. 
He represented East Orange in the Essex County Board of Freeholders for seventeen consecutive 
years, the last seven of which he was the President of this Board. 

In 1876 he was made a director of the American Fire Insurance Company of Newark, and in 1S81 
was elected its Vice-President, and has since given his entire attention to the duties of this office. He 
was a director in the Orange National Bank for about twenty years, and was also a director in the 
Orange Savings Bank. He is a director in the U. S. Industrial Insurance Company of Newark, of the 
City National Bank, a member of the Newark Board of Trade, of the New Jersey Historical Society, of 
the New Eno-land Society of Orange, and the Society of the Sons of the American Revolution, and one 
of the Board of Managers of that association. He has long been a worthy and honored member of the 
Masonic Fraternity. He was raised in Union Lodge, F. & A. M., in 1852, and later assisted in organiz- 
ing Corinthian Lod^e, of Orange, of which he was a charter member. He is a member of Orange 
Chapter, R. A. M., also of Damascus Commandery, No. 5, K. T., of Newark. 

Mr. Doremus married Harriet, daughter of William Peck, son of James, who was the son of David, 
son of Joseph (3), son of Joseph (2), the Newark ancestor of the Peck family, son of Joseph Peck (1), 
who signed the Fundamental Agreement at New Haven in 1639. The issue of Mr. Doremus" marriage 
with Harriet Peck was: Emily, born 1858, died 1867: Fannie, married George F. Bassett, who died 
May 20, 1891 ; Frederick Halsey, a merchant of New York and a member of the firm of George F. Bas- 
sett & Co., importers and dealers in crockery and china. Edwin Patterson, the youngest son of Mr. 
Doremus, died May 24, 1895. He was a young man of high promise, just entering on a prosperous career. 
His untimely death was a shock, as well as a great bereavement to his father, family, and a large circle 

of friends. 

THE HATT FAMILY. 

This family has been identified with what is now the township of l-'.ast Orange for mure than half 
a century, and while it has no special claims to remote ancestry, it has made for itself an honorable 
record, and every member so far as is known, has lived an exemplary Christian life and sought to make 
the world better. John Hatt was the first member of this family to settle in East Orange. He was 
born in Reading, Berkshire County, England, and emigrated to this country in 1831 as the head of a 
little colony of seventeen persons, his son Joel having preceded him one year. John, the father, was a 
man greatly beloved in his own country, and a man of great influence in the community where he 
resided. The little colony which came with him to this country had frequent meetings at his house, and 
his ad\ice and counsel was sought on all occasions, and after he settled in East Orange he was still 
looked up to by his neighbors and was the leader of the first religious movement in this locality, and 
became the real founder of the First Baptist Church, of East Orange. His house was the centre for 
the gathering of the religious eUnient in the community, ami he li\ed to see the full fruitimi of his 
hopes in the completion of the little church for which he toiled and labored up to the d.iy of his death. 
He was the first deacon of the church, and during the first two or three years frequently supplied the 
pulpit, lia\-ing been regulaiiy ordaineil as a Baptist preacher in the old cuuntr)-. lie married, in 
England, Ann Church, and had issue, /cc/, George, .Ann. Mary, I'hebe, William. Josiah. 

JOKI, II ATT, eldest son of John and Ann (Church 1 Hatt, was born at Reading, Berkshire County, 
England. He learned the trade of boot and shoe-making, and desiring to better his condition, came to 
this country in 1831 and settled first in Williamsburg and afterwards in New York City. lie induced 
his parents and other members of the family to come over, and they followed a ye.ir later and .settled in 
East Orange. Joel sub.scquently joined his parents and continued to resitle in I-^ast Orange until his 
death. He worked at his trade as a boot and shoe-maker and had the reputation of doing the best 
work of any one in his line of trade in this locality. He was poor in this world's goods, but rich in 
heavenly treasures. He exemplified the teachings of his blessed Master in his daily walk and conver.sa- 



TiiK Founders and Builders of the Okant.ks. 



■105 



tion, ami thus left to his chikiren a richer legacy than ^'old and silver >>r iiuuses and lands. I'rubably 
tiic happiest day of his life was when he saw the coni|)leti<)n of the modest little Bai)tist church for 
which he had toiled and struggled, practicing the most rigid economy and self-denial, in order that he 
might establish at this home of his adoption a religious home for his children. Joel Uatt married, in 
Reading, England, Rachel Wells. They had an adopted child, Annie, whom they brought from 
England. Rachel, born in England, married Rev. W. I). Hedden, D. D.; Mary, born in New York 
City, married Henry Tichenor, of Binghampton, N. V.; John H., born in New York, married Julia 
Clarkson ; /('(•/ /I'c/A-, born in East Orange; Sarah .\., born in East Oran-^e, married Frederick M. 
Untietit ; Josiah Henry, dietl in 1838. 

JoKL Wei.I.s Matt, fourth child of John and Rachel (Wells) Matt, was born in I-:a.st Orange, June 
16, 1837, the same day that gave birth to the First Baptist Church, of Orange. His early education 
was obtained at the little school kept by Miss Julia Ball; he also attended three terms — about nine 
months — at a Mr. Chittenden's. With this amount of "book learning," he began at the age of nine 
years to earn his own living. He worked for a time with his father and engaged in various other occu- 
pations until 1854, when he obtained a position as clerk in the dry goods house of Henry S. Ward and 
Thomas C. Chandler, of Newark, where he 
remained until after the breaking out of the 
war. In 1862 he enlisted for nine months 
in Company K, Twenty sixth N. J. Volun- 
teers. This was attached to the Second 
Brigade, Second Division, Sixth Army 
Corps, then under the command of Gen. 
.Sedgwick. He entered the army as 
private, was promoted to corporal and 
later to that of sergeant. Although in 
active service less than a year he saw 
h irtler fighting than many who passed 
through a three years' term He was in 
the terrible engagements in and around 
Fredericksburg, of November 9 and 
December 1 1 to 16, 1862, in which both 
armies suffered severe loss. He was also 
in the battle of Marye's Heights, May 3, 
1863. After the expiration of his term of 
enlistment he remained with the army as 
sutler for fifteen months and was witii 
Sherman's army in front of Atlanta. He 
returned home in 1,864 •^'i'^' resumed his 
old vocation witii the firm of Marvin 
Dodd & Co., Newark, continuing until 
August 27, 1867. Having married the 
daughter of William King, of East C)range, 
he bec.ime associated with him in the 
lumber business, August 28, 1867. On 

the death of the latter, in 1S82, Mr. Hatt ^""- "'''■ 

succeeded him and continued under the 

old firm name until October i, 1886, when he purchased the entire business which he has since carried 
on in his own name. 

Mr. Hatt assisted in organizing the Lumbermen's Protective Association, in 1885, and became its 




4o6 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges 

first President. His chief interest outside of his business affairs has centered in tlie Grand Army of the 
Republic. To meet his old comrades around the camp-fire and with them fight their battles o'er and 
o'er has been to him a delightful pastime, and many an unfortunate veteran has had his heart gladdened 
and the " wolf " driven from the door by the timely assistance rendered by Comrade Hatt. Mr. Hatt 
was one of the early members of Uzal Uodd Post, No. 12, G. A. R., of Orange, and was its Commander 
in 1888. He was commissioned Ass't Inspector-General of the Department of New Jersey by Com- 
mander-in-Chief R. A. Alger, in 1889. He has been a delegate to the several National Encampments 
held at Milwaukee, Boston, Indianapolis and Pittsburg. He is a member of the Society of the Army 
of the Potomac, with which he first received his "baptism of fire," ami his personal record during the 
campaign of 1862-3 is one of which any man may justly feel proud. 

In the First Baptist Church of Orange, later of East Orange, Mr. Hatt has continued the good work 
begun and carried on by his father, and has been one of its .strongest financial props, as well as taking a 
deep interest in its spiritual growth and prosperity. Mr. Hatt inherits from his ancestors those strong 
characteristics that have marked each successive generation, viz.: Loyalty to the truth, unflinching 
integrity, and uncompromising honesty. With a gentleness of disposition and kindness of heart, char- 
acteristic of his father and mother, he has the courage of his convictions, and nothing can swerve him 
either to the right or left in a course he has once marked out for himself. He has earnestly supported 
the principles of the Republican i)arty and contributed to its success. He has been fortunate in busi- 
ness, and nothing is more gratifying to him than the opportunity to help those in need, and to carry 
forward established benevolent projects. By his wife, Henrietta S. King, the daughter of his former 
partner, he has one child, Rachel M. His beautiful home on Grove Street is one of the attractive 
features of East Orange, and is a model of comfort and convenience. This is the old homestead of 
William King, his father-in-law, and is the identical spot where the first meeting was held for the organ- 
ization of the Baptist Cluuch. 

THE HALSTED FAMILY. 
Xlne Pioneer Builder of the Oranges. 

That a native of East New Jersey and a descendant of an adjoining town should become the first 
Builder of the Oranges, is a cause for congratulation b\- the native population. To the efforts of 
Matthias O. Halsted is due the woiulciful growth of East Orange. He laid the foundation and gave it 
its first impetus. Little is known of the early history of the Halsted family. Jonas, Timothy and 
Joseph Halsted are found at Jamaca, L. L, as early as 1656-7. Timothy Halsted was the ancestor of 
the New Jersey family of this name. 

Timothy Halsted, Jr., son of Timoth}- (i), was taxed on seventy-eight acres of land at Hempstead, 
in 1685. He probably sold his land and removed to New Jersey the same year, as appears by the fol- 
lowing affidavit: "The testimony of Tinioth\- Holstead, of Hempstead, in Oueens County, | L. I.], 
who declareth y" yf purcha.scrs of Affter Kull,(viz.): Daniel Denton, John Baylus and Luke Watson, 
did admit off myselff and my brother alsoe, vpon y<= disbursement off ffour pounds a peece in bever pay 
to be Associates w' y'" in \'' purchase in case wee liked, which money we disbursed ffor Indean trade 
which say'^ Indean goods went to y= purchase of y"^ s^ land at Affter Kull, at y= request of y'= affores<* 
purchasers, we desliking y= place vpon a run off it. And they imaging we should be pay^^ ffor our goods 
and wee acknowledge y' wee Received satisfaction off Dan' Denton affors"' , one of y« purchasers, the 
whole sum pay'' by selff and brother, was fTour pounds a peece and two and sixpence. Sworn before 
vs y« i/'ii of Novem^ 1685. Klias Doughty, Richard Cornwell, Justices in Quorem." Timothy Hal- 
sted, Jr., had a son, Caleb ; the latter had a son Caleb, who also had a son, Caleb Halsted, born in 1741. 
The last Caleb married Rebecca Ogden, and had a son, Robert. 

Robert Halsted, M. D., .son of Caleb (3; and Rebecca (Ogden) Halsted, was born in Elizabeth, N. 
J., September 13, 1746. He was a leading and fearless citizen in the gloomy days of tiie Revolution. 
On one occasion a renegade T(>r\- informed against him as a rebel and an artient upholder of rebellion. 



TllK FoUNnKKS AND BUILDERS OK TIIK ORANGES. 



407 



aiul he was tciiiixnai ily Iodised in tlic old Sugar House on Liberty Street, New York, where he sufTered 
great hardship, lie was released finally through the inlluencc of friends. On another occasion he 
saved the life of Col. Aaron Ogdcn, who had been seriously wounded by the Hessians, while out alone 
on military rcconnoissance. He was a physician of note. His younger brother, Caleb, was also an 
eminent physician. On July 25. 1825, the latter, while confined to his house by illness, received a visit 
from General Lafayette, and he had the pleasure of entertaining that .son of France. Caleb Halsted. 
Jr.. was for a long time Mayor of the borough of FJizabeth. Robert Halsted, M. D., married, first, 
Mary Wiley; second, Mary Mills. He had children, of whom Matthias Ogdcii was the fourth. 

Maitiiias Ocdkn Halsted, fourth son of Dr. Robert and Mary (Mills) Halsted, was born in 
Elizabeth, N. J., July 12, 1792. He was graduated at Princeton College and studied law with Matthias 
Ogden, of Elizabeth Town, N. J. He settled at Belvidere, N. J., where he practiced law for some years 
and was Surrogate of Warren County. He made many warm friends and was held in high estimation 
throughout that district of New Jersey. He subsecpiently relintpiished the practice of law and entered, 
as partner, the mercantile house of Halsted, Haines & Co., New York City, which in his day was one of 
the largest and most successful dry goods firms in the countrj-. Among their customers was Amos W. 
Cundit, of East Orange, who failed, owing the firm a large balance. He offered his farm — lOO acres 
— and the homestead fronting on Main Street in liquidation of the debt. Mr. Halsted assumed the 
debt on his own account and took the farm in pa^'ment. He removed to East Orange about 1838, and 
in 1840 built the large elegant mansion with Corinthian pillars now occupied by Mr. Hawkesworth, who 
married a granddaughter of Mr. Halsteil. The building attracted great attention at the time as there 
was nothing like it in this part of New Jersey. The farm which he purchased was known as the Gruett 

farm. It lay between what is now Halsted Street, and 
Clinton Avenue, with a frontage on Main Street and 
extending in a southerly direction nearly to the South 
Orange line. He subsequently bought thirty acres on 
Harrison Street, adjoining his original purchase. All this 
he laid out into large building plots. He erected homes 
for his two daughters and built other houses which he 
sold to his New York friends and induced them to settle 
here. When he began operations there was but one train 
each way on the D. L. & W. R. R. The morning train 
took him and the evening train let him off, both stopping 
near his residence for his /W/i'/V/zw/ accommodation. He 
soon provided better facilities. He erected a depot on 
the site of the present Brick Church station at his own 
expense, placed a man and wife in charge, and conveyed 
the property to the railroad company //-(r <y rt»j/. He 
thus opened the way for the pioneer settlement and lived 
to see it well advanced, although ho reaped but little 
pecuniary benefit from his large outlay. He w<is gener- 
ous and liberal at all times. He gave freely to the Brick 
Church, of which he was a member. He was unostentatious in his charities and it afforded him pleasure 
to he!]) his fellow-men. He mingled freely with the people, and took part in all their meetings. He 
was an elder of the church anti Superintendent of the Sunday School. He established a private school 
for young ladies, erected a building on Washington Place and induced Rev. F. A. Adams, of Andover. 
Mass., a celebrated teacher in his day, to come and take charge of it. 

During the war Mr. Halsted was thoroughly loyal to the government and aided in the vigorous 
prosecution of the war by encouraging enlistments and arousing public sentiment. He lived to see the 
union of the States maintained and the government established on a firm basis. He died June 12. 1866. 




MATTHIAS OGIIEN HALbTbU. 



4o8 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 




TUB FKANKI.IN (FORMERLY SHELDON) HOMESTKAD. 



Mr. Halstcd was twice married. His first wife was Cornelia Wade, of Elizabeth, N. J. By her he liad 
three children. I'hebc, Mary, Enos. He married, second. Miss Hepzebah Clary, nee Eastman, a relative 
of Daniel Webster. Their children were Julius, Cornelia, Emily and William. 

The Franklin Homestead, formerly the Sheldon Homestead, 74 Prospect Street. At the time 
of its erection, nearly forty years ago, this was considered one of tlie prettiest and most attractive 
places in East Orange. It has lost none of its natural beauty or picturesquencss, but has improved 
from year to year, the small saplings hav- 
ing grown into immense forest trees with 
their wide-spreading branches e.xtending 
in every tlirection, affording ample shade. 
Rustic benches and settees here and there 
invite the weary to rest and enjoy the 
cool breezes. There is nothing modern 
about the place except the briglitness and 
freshness of the flowers and the green, 
velvety lawn. The stiffness and over- 
cultivation observable in many suburban 
homes is nowhere to be found. With 
the exception of here and there a beaten 
path winding in and through the flowers, 
shrubs and trees, it looks as if nature had 
scattered her choicest treasures in rich 
profusion, lea\ing nothing further to be 
desired. 

THE SHELDON FAHILY 

Israel Sheldon, the earliest representative of this family in the Oranges, was one of the pioneers in 

the settlement of East Orange as a place of suburban residence. He was contemporaneous with M. O. 

Halsted, Llewellyn Haskell. David N. Ropes and others of this cla.ss, who founded the new settlements 

now known as the Oranges. Like most of the 
settlers of this neighborhood, Mr. Sheldon was a 
descendant of one of the old New England 
families which have exercised such a potent influ- 
ence in shaping the destinies of our country. Of 
the English branch of this family from which the 
American ancestor ilescended, Hurke says: "Of 
Sheldon, County Warwick, no mention is made in 
the Conqueror's sur\e\-, whence Dugdale infers 
that it was included in Colshill, and. together 
with it possess d bv Ceffrey de Clinton, in the 
reign of Henry 1. Henry de Sheldon was cm- 
ploj'ed by Edward 1 as commissioner to iiuiuire 
' touching the lords of every mannour, with the 
liberties, priviledges and extent of the same, as 
also concerning the patronage of the church and 
how it was endowed, etc' " The Sheldon's, 
from the earliest period of their history, bore 

for Anns. — Sable, a fesse, argent, between three sheldrakes ppr. Cnst. — A sheldrake ppr. Motto. — 

" Optimum pati." 




INTEKIOR OF FRANKLIN HOMESTEAD. 




ISRAEL SHELDON. 



Till. FouNUEUs AND Builukks or tiik Oran(;ks. 



409 



John Sheldon {2), the ancestor of the Rhode Island branch of the family, came from Kn^land in 
early childhood and settled in Providence, R. I. He married, 1663, Joanna, daughter of William 
\'incent. The\' had a son, Xic/ioias, born about 1665. 

Nicholas Sheldon, son of John and Joanna (\'incent) Sheldon, was born in I'auluxet, about 1665. 
He married Abigail Tillinghast, a daughter of Elder Pardon Tillinghast, <>f Providence, R. I. They 
had among other children a son, Josr/>/t. 

Joseph Sheldon, son of Nicholas and Abigail ( Tillinghast) Sheldon, was born in Pautuxet, in 1698. 
He is said to have married Mary Greene and had a son, Christopher. 

Christopher Sheldon, son of Joseph and Mary (Greene) Sheldon, was born in Pautuxet, February 
22, 1732 He married Rosannah Arnold in 1752. They had issue, Rimiii^^toit and other children. The 
Sheldon's inherited and owned much property and were conspicuous in the affairs of the town. 

Remington Sheldon, son of Christopher and Rosannah (Arnold) Sheldon, was born August 22, 
1753. He married Huldah, daughter of Stephen Greene and Mary Rhodes, his wife. Among other 
children they had a son, Israel. 

Israel Sheldon, son of Remington and Huldah (Greene) Sheldon, was born at Pautuxet, R. 1., 
March 22, 1797. F"rom his boyhood he seems to have had a fondness for study and work, and applied 
himself with remarkable energy and diligence. The old Academy at Woodstock, Conn., which he 
attended, was among the best in New England. He had for a classmate the father of Gen. McClellan, 
and some of the leading men of the country point with pride to this as their alma mater. Young Shel- 
don swung loose from his moorings and started 



on an independent career, assuming all the 
responsibilities of a full}- developed manhood 
at an age when most boys are in the full enjoy- 
ment of childhood's sports. At the age of 
fourteen he went a long distance from home, 
as it was considered at tliat time, and obtained 
a clerkship with S. B & A. B. Arnold, at 
Wilmington, N. C , who were at that time 
largely engaged in a commission and export 
trade with the West Indies. After an experi- 
ence of two years in the business, being then 
but seventeen years of age, he made a voyage 
to the Windward Islands with a mixed cargo, 
he being supercargo and part owner of the 
vessel. He disposed of his cargo at a good 
profit, and came home with a good freight 
in return. For three years he traded between 
the West India Islands and North Carolina. 

At the age of nineteen he went on a voyage to the Spanish main, with a vessel and cargo, sailing 
from St. Pierre, Martinique. In attempting to reach Augustura his vessel was thrice captured by 
different parties then at war, the .second capture costing the lives of over two hundred men in the 
fight for the possession of the prize. Young Sheldon conducted himself with great coolness and 
bravery amid these perilous .scenes, and there is little doubt that had he been in command of a war ves- 
sel instead of a merchantman, his antagonists would have suffered defeat. The vessel and cargo were 
finally seized by the naval force under General Bolivar and condemned. Mr. Sheldon and his crew 
were kept close prisoners for four months. Our Government demanded an apology and payment for 
the loss sustained by the owners, and Commodore Perry successfully arranged the matter to the 
.satisfaction of all parties concerned. There was a sad termination of the affair, however, for Perry, 
while descendin<rthe Orinoco River, was seized with a deadly climatic fever and died after a short illness. 




VIEW OF GROUNDS, FK.\NKLIN HOMKSTEAU. 



410 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



On reaching his majority, Mr. Slieldon established himself in business in North Carolina and carried 
on a successful trade for many years; was clerk of the courts of Hyde County. It 1834 he started with 
his family and servants, journeying by wagon, to Alabama, which was then a sparsely settled country. 
There he made his home for many years as a merchant and planter, making annual trips to the North 
with his family, where he spent his summers, and at the same time purchased goods for his stores and 
plantation. He grew to love the people of the South, and was greatly respected in return, his business 
methods being in strong contrast to those of the typical Southener. Mr. Sheldon remained in Alabama 
until a short time previous to the Civil War. Foreseeing the impending conflict, he transferred his 
interests to the North, and when the first gun was fired at Sumpter, he was in Missouri on his way to 
New York. He was in sympathy with the South, but, like many Southern men, he was opposed to 
secession, believing that all differences between the North and South could be amicably arranged. 

In 1857, four years before the trouble began, Mr. Sheldon bought a plot of land on Prospect Street, 
East Orange, and built for himself a pleasant summer residence, which was among the first of modern 
built houses in this localit}-. He improved his surroundings and made his home attractive; he also 
built a house for his daughter, and his efforts in this direction influenced other business men to settle 

here. After leaving the South, Mr. Sheldon 
made East Orange his permanent home, and 
watched with the deepest interest its rapid 
growth and development. He was one of the 
founders of Grace Episcopal Church, and 
assisted materially in carrying on the work at a 
time when the burden was necessarily borne 
hy a very few. He was a man of great force 
and integrity of character, and a patriot in 
every sense of the word. Mr. Sheldon died 
September 25, 1884. lie was several times 
married, ami is represented !)>• a number of 
descendants in the Oranges. 

Dorcas Wallace Sheldon, daughter 
of Israel and Hetty Wallace Sheldon, married 
Robert W. Aborn, and had five children. 
Josephine Wallace, the eldest of these, mar- 
ried Stevens Hogan, who died, leaving two 
children, Margaret and William Strong. The second child of Mr. and Mrs. Aborn was Mary U., 
who married William I,. .Strong, the present Mayor of New York City, and had issue, Mary, wife of 
Albert Shattuck, and I'utman Hradlec. The third child of Mrs. Aborn was Dora T. The fourth 
child, Rebecca Sheldon, married Robert St. John Beasley, of England. The fifth child, Robert W., 
married at the West and had three children, viz : Dorcas, Georgiana Sheldon and Mary. 

P'anny Sheldon, second daughter of Israel and Mar\- Wallace (Borden) Sheldon, was twice married ; 
first to Dr. William Walton Woolsey ; they had issue one child, Katharine Walton, who married 
Frederick H. Hamilton; she died in 1888, leaving two children, Cecil Woolsey, and Stuart. Fanny 
Woolsey married, second, Colonel Woolsey R. Hopkins, Quartermaster of the Second Army Corps, and 
had issue two children — Dr. Woolsey, who married Helen Birdsall, and has two children, Katharine 
Woolsey and Woolsey Rogers. Sheldon, the second ciiild of Col. Woolsey R. and Fanny (Sheldon) 
Hopkins, married Ella Scribner. Katharine Josephine, daughter of Israel and Mary Wallace (Borden) 
Sheldon, m irried William Morris Franklin, a leading citizen of East Orange. Their children are : 
Katharine Borden, Sheldon and Rose Clare. Georgiana Esther, youngest daughter of Israel and 
Harriet Wallace (Cooke) Sheldon, married John S. Tilney, Esq., and has four children, viz.: Georgiana 
Sheldon, Israel Sheldon, Nicholas Lechmere and Robert Wallace. [See Tilney family, of Orange]. 




VIF.W OF FR.\NKL1N HOME, LOOKING EAST. 



Tin; Founders and Bfii.nrRs of the Oranges. 411 

THE TAYLOR lAAUL^ . 

Every man who induces another to settle in the Oranges adds just that much to the wealth of the 
whole community. When it is considered that the combined efforts of Abraham C. and Ira M. Taylor 
— father and son^in this direction extend over a period of more than sixty years, it is safe to say that 
they have added hundreds of thousands of dollars to the wealth of the Oran^jes. Hoth arc natives of 
Essex County ard arc identified by marriage with some of the oldest families in this vicinity. William 
Taylor, the American projenitor of this branch of the Taylor family, was the .son of Jacob and Eliza- 
beth (Eccles) Taylor, of Randall's Town, near Belfast, Ireland. Jacob was a linen manufacturer, a 
native of Scotland, the family being all staunch Scotch Presbyterians. 

William Taylor, son of Jacob, was a millwright. He came to this country soon after 1800, in 
company with Deacon John Nichol, one of the pillars of the Hrick Church, East Orange. William 
Taylor settled in Bloomfield, where he married Gertrude, daughter of Colonel Thomas Cadmus, of that 
place, a descendant of one of the old Holland families who settled in East New Jersey. The hou.se in 
which Col. Cadmus lived, on Washington Street, Bloomfield, was built by his ancestors about 1672. 
This house is mentioned in the history of Bloomfield as Washington's Headquarters. 

AiiRAHAM Cadmus Taylor, son of William and Gertrude (Cadmus) Taylor, was born in Bloom- 
field, N. J., March 9, 1812; died in East Orange, December 17, 1883. He lived with his uncle, Abraham 
Cadmus, from an early age until the latter's death, and inherited most of his property. His grandfather. 
Col. Thomas Cadmus, served with distinction in the War of the Revolution and enjoyed the personal 
friendship of Gen. Washington, who presented him with a sword, the broken parts of which are still in 
the family. At the age of eighteen years Abraham C. Taylor came to Orange, where he spent the 
remainder of his life. He kept a country store for some years and subsequently established a large 
clothing business in Mobile, Ala., under the firm name of Taylor & Dickinson. Mr. Taylor remained 
North, attending to the buying, manufacturing, etc., while his partner attended to the Southern branch 
of the business. He continued until just before the panic of 1857 and thereby escaped financial disaster. 
Mr. Taylor was among the first of the old residents to api)reciate the possibilities of Orange as a place 
of suburban residence, and, with wise forethought, he purchased large tracts of land in Orange and 
Montclair. His first home property was located on Main, Baldwin and Harrison Streets. He afterward 
purchased several acres on Washington Street and built for himself a new house, in which he lived and 
died. He divided this property into building lots, and opened William Street through the property, 
from Prospect to Washington Streets, and made other necessary improvements. Among other proper- 
ties, he developed the Uzal Dodd tract at Doddtown ; he also opened New Street to Orange. He did 
not wait for others to develop their property in order that he might reap the benefit, but with a worthy 
public spirit he spent his money freely in improving all his property, while many of his tieighbors 
profited thereby. He was a whole-souled, enterprising business man, with large ideas which he was 
capable of carrying out. He was a leader in politics, although, with a single exception, he invariably 
declined to accept office. He worked earnestly for his friends, and whoever was fortunate enough to 
secure his influence was almost certain of an election. He managed all his own affairs with consummate 
ability, exercising wisdom and forethought in all his transactions. Though not a member of any church 
he led an exemplary life, and in all his intercourse with his fellow-men endeavored to conform to the 
Golden Rule. He had large business interests and was connected with various organizations. He was 
a director in the Orange Savings Bank, and in the Essex County Mutual Insurance Co. 

Mr. Taylor married lilizabeth Simmons Condit, daughter of Samuel Wheeler and Sarah (Brundage) 
Condit, residents of what is now West Orange. Samuel Wheeler Condit was the son of Joel and Sarah 
(Wheeler) Condit. Joel served in the War of the Revolution. He was the .son of Daniel, son of 
Samuel, the Newark ancestor of the family. The children of Abraham Cadmus Taylor and his wife, 
Elizabeth, were: Mary C; Harriet, married Samuel G. Van Auken ; William A., born November 17, 
1840, died January 9, 1836; Elizabeth, married Marcus A. Gould; she is a practicing physician of the 
new school ; Gertrude, resides in Washington, D. C; Ira M.: Samuel M.; Caroline, died in infancy. 



412 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



Ira M. Taylor, sixth cliild of Abraliam Cadmus and Elizabeth fCondit) Taylor, was born in 
Orange, or what is now East Orange, October 31, 1846. He was sent to the best private schools in 
Orange, among which was that of the well-known institution of Mr. Adams. Mr. Taylor's first business 
experience was in New York City, where he was first engaged in mercantile affairs and afterwards in the 
manufacturing business. He was for some time connected with the Paragon Manufacturing Co., which 
made the first paragon umbrella frames in this country. After his father's death Mr. Taylor returned 
to East Orange to assume charge of the estate which for a time required his undivided attention. In the 
settlement of his father's affairs he was gradually drawn into the real estate business and began opera- 
tions for himself and others. His pleasing and courteous manners drew people to him and witluuit any 
special effort on his part, business increased. 
Strangers, as well as his personal friends, 
found they could always rely on his representa- 
tions that he had no personal ends to serve. 
His aim has been to please the buyer as well as 
the owner of the property and he has never 
failed to state the true conditions as to health, 
drainage, etc., even though it might be to the 
detriment of the owner, and at a personal sacri- 
fice of his own interests. His methods, which 
were actuated by a conscientious regard for 
the |)ublic welfare, and for the good of his 
p.itrons, have yielded their legitimate fruits, 
and a large number of the most desirable class 
of business men have been induced to settle in 
the Oranges and build for themselves fine resi- 
dences. These in turn have induced others to 
locate here, who invariably commend Mr. Taylor 
as the best man to conduct negotiations. The 
fact of his individual success and prosperity is 
the best evidence of what he has accomplished 
in the development of the Oranges, and through 
his efforts hundreds of thousands of dollars 
have been added to the wealth of his native 
town, and without any pretense or assumption 
on his part he has proved one of the greatest 
of public benefactors. His conscientious regard 
for the truth, liis honesty antl perfectly fair 
dealings with all, have won him the confidence 
and support of both buyers and sellers of 
property. 

It was Mr. Taylor's reputation for honorable dealing, as well as his good judgment and strict 
impartiality, that led the projectors of "The New Orange Industrial Association" to make him their 
representative and manager for this district for the greatest real estate enterprise ever attempted in this 
country. \iz., the purchase and immediate development of nineteen hundred acres of land lying between 
Milburn and Roselle and the immediate outlay of millions of dollars for improvements, etc. Mr. Taylor 
was one of the commissioners appointed to widen and straighten Second River in that part of the 
Doddtown district formerly known as Rattlesnake Plains. He organized and is Secretary of the Penn 
Hluff IJrick and Tile Co., an enterprising and successful corporation. He served on a commission for 
opening new streets in East Orange. Mr. Taylor is thoroughly domestic in his tastes and habits and 




IRA M. TAYI.OK. 



Thk Founders and Buildkrs of the Oranges. 413 

has no interest whatever in club life. He is a member of Hrick Church and was formerly Secretary and 
Treasurer of the Sunday School. Mr. Taylor married Kate X. Scym-.ur, of New York City. They 
have one child, Catharine. 

THE MEEKER FAHILY. 

Tile proi,rcnitor of tiic New Jersey branch of the Meeker family was William Meeker, who came 
from Enj^dand about 1635 to the Ma.ssachusefts Bay, and from thence removed to the New Haven 
Colony, of which he was one of the founders. While residing there he married Sarah Preston, a native 
of Yorkshire, England. In the spring of 1665, with his family and others of the New Haveii Colony, 
(whom tradition says he brought in his own sloop), he landed on the site that became known as Eiiza- 
bethtown Point, N. J., and was enrolled with his eldest son, Joseph, with the original " Associates," 
who acquired title by purchase of the Indians, and also by grant from (lovcrnor Nichols, for the ground, 
a portion of whicli now comprises the entire count\- of Union. Following the subsequent appointment 
of Sir Philip Carteret as successor to Governor Nichols, came (in the belief of the " Associates") in- 
vasions of their purchase rights, which culminated in dissatisfaction and final revolt on their part, and 
the flight of Governor Carteret. Chosen by the "Associates," and holding a commission from Gover- 
nor Carteret as " Constable of the Town," William Meeker became an active adherent of Captain James 
Carteret, who succeeded the absent Governor. For this offense he was, in 1675, adjudged to lo.sc his 
estate. The people of Klizabethtown and Newark, appreciating his fidelity to their interests, presented 
him with a tract of land at Lyons Farms, where the old homestead of the family was erected by his son, 
and where he died in 1690. The children of William and Saraii (Preston) Meeker were: Joseph, 
Benjamin, Sarah, Mary, John. 

Benjamin Meeker, second child of William and Sarah (Preston) Meeker, was born in New Haven, 
March, 1649. He also was of the Elizabetlitown "Associates." He was a planter and carpenter by 
occupation, and built the house known as the Meeker homestead at Lyons Farms, about 1677. This 
quaint old house, one of the oldest in the State, has never been alienated from the family. The succes- 
sive generations, who have been its occupants, have adhered to the English rather than the American 
practice in cherishing "the old," even though homely. An enlargement, corresponding in style to the 
original structure, and the necessary repairs, have been made, but the main features have been preserved. 
Quite recently, however, the "old oaken bucket," and the still more antiquated well-sweep, after over 
two centuries of service, ha\-c given way to modern fixtures, and while it is not on record that the suc- 
cessive occupants dispensed with clocks, the ancient sun-dial not onl\- indicates the meridian, but 
reminds the observer in the words of David, engraven upon the stone to which it is affixed, " Our days 

on earth are as a shadow, and there is none abiding." Benjamin married Elizabeth , and had seven 

children, William, Benjamin, Jonathan, Daniel, Samuel, Thomas, Joseph. 

William Meeker, eldest child of Benjamin and. I'-li/.abeth ( ) Meeker, was born at the homestead 

of his father, October 13, 1677. He married Hannah Potter and had '\?,^\xc, Jonathan, Isaac and David. 
He died March 5, 1744. 

Jonathan Meeker, eldest son of William and Hannah (Potter) Meeker, was born at the Meeker 

homestead, November 18, 1712. He married Sarah . After his marriage he built a house (jn a 

farm given him by his father, adjoining the homestead propert}-. His children were Johanna, yt»;/<7//M;/, 
Obadiah, Sarah, Rebecca. He died in 1781. 

Jonathan Meeker (2), son of Jonathan and Sarah Meeker, was born at Lyons I-'arms, February 11, 
1744; tlicd June 10, 1805. He served with the Essex County Militia in the War of the Revolution. 
He was twice married. His first wife was Mary Ogden, by whom he had three children. Obadiah, 
Hannah, Joel. He married, secondly, Rachel Denman. Of this marriage were born. Jonathan, Rebecca, 
Penman, Elly, Polly, David, Moses, Rachel. 

Denman Meeker, third child of Jonathan Meeker (2) and Rachel (Denman) Meeker, was born at 
Lyons Farms, June 10, 17S1. In connection with his brother Jonathan, he established a pottery in 
Newark, his interest in which continued till 1814. at which time he removed to Succasunna I'lains and 



414 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



L 



established himself in the same business, which is still successfully run under the ownership of his son 
Josiah. He married Mary, daughter of John Maxwell, son of Davicl. Thirteen children were born to 
them, of whom Josiah, Marcus and Edivcird dLVQ now living. 

Edward Meeker, youngest child of Denman and Mary (Maxwell) Meeker, was born at Succa- 
sunna Plains, Morris County, N. J., September 27, 1830^ and received such educational advantages as 
the place of his birth afforded. After serving an apprenticeship to the carpenter trade, at Newark, lie, 
in 1853, began contracting for the erection of buildings at Newark and Orange. In 1865 he removed 

his business entire!)- to East Orange, and 
-' availing himself of the wider opportunities 

offering, (for the great development of 
the Oranges dates from about that time), 
he engaged actively in the purchase and 
improvement of real estate, in addition to 
his former business of contracting. Both 
at Newark and in the Oranges he has con- 
structed many public buildings, churches 
and private residences, which will compare 
favorably with those of any in the limits of 
the two places. In 1891 he retired from 
active business and is now devoting him- 
self to the care of his real estate interests, 
which still continue to be large. In the 
public offices, he has held that of Town- 
ship Committeeman, School Trustee and 
Commissioner of Appeals, etc. He en- 
deavored to serve his constituents faith- 
fully, on the basis of a wise economy in 
the expenditures of public money's. 

In 1854 Mr. Meeker married Emma 
Caroline, daughter of Nathaniel Douglas, 
of Hanover, N. J. The children of this 
marriage are: Henrietta M., now Mrs. 
M. P. Ward; Anne Maxwell; tldward 
C, who married I.orena. daughter of 
Stephen B. Colgate; Helen Douglas; 
Arthur Denman. 




Kl>UAkl) MliEKEK. 



THE COLIE, DAYTON AND RUNYON FAHILIES. 

The Colie family has been represented in East Orange for a number of }-ears b\- Daniel Eord_\ce 
and his son, Edward M. Colie. James Colie, the ancestor, is mentioned among the Elizabethtown 
Associates who received their allotments of land previous to 1699. He came to this country with a 
number of Huguenot families who fled from P'rance after the revocation of the Edict of Nantts. 
Daniel, a descendant of James in the second or third generation, resided in Springfield, Chatham town- 
ship, the latter part of the last century, where he died in 1804 at an advanced age. He had among 
other children, sons, Daniel and Saniiicl. The former achieved quite a reputation as a school teacher 
and was known by the old inhabitants of half a century ago as "Schoolmaster Colie." 

Samuel Colie, brother of Daniel (2) and son of Dariel (i), was born in Springfield, about 1790. He 
married Phebe Woodruff, and had among others, a son, Daniel Fordycc, born in 181P.. 

D.XNIEL l-'ORDVCE Coi.IE, son of Samuel and Phebe (Woodrufif) Colie, was born in Springfield, 



/ 




EDWARD M. COLIE. 



TnK Founders and Builders ok the Oranges. 415 

N. J., in 1S18. lie carried on a country store in Milburn for some years and afterwards removed to 
Newark. lie became a resilient of Kast ( )ran<,'e in 1855, and built himself a home on Arlington 
Avenue, known at that time as Cherry Lane. He was contemporary with M. O. Haistcd and other 
enterprising business men who laid the foundation of the present township of East Orange. He built 
several houses aiul was successful in his real estate operations, lie attended the Second Presbyterian 
or Brick Church ami withdrew from that with a number of others to assist in organizing the Munn 
Avenue or First Pre^b\terian Cluirch. of Kast Orange. He was an earnest worker in the new church 
and served as a member of its Hoard of Trustees for man)- years. He was dignified in his bearing, and 
in his pri\'ate life was above reproach. 

Mr. Colie married Elizabeth S. Dayton, daughter of Levi Dayton, of Newark. He was the son of 
Noah, who married Elizabeth Runyon. Noah, son of Robert, was born 1742, died 1814. Robert was 
the son of Jonathan Dayton, born May i, 1701, died 1776. The latter was the father of the famous 
Gen. Jonathan Dayton, who served in the War of the Revolution in the " New Jersey Line." Conti- 
nental Troops, as Paymaster Third Battalion, First Establishment, February 7, 1776; Paymaster Third 
Battalion, Second Establishment; Lieutenant and Paymaster Third Regiment to date, February t, 
1779; Major and Aide-de-camp to Major General Sullivan, May i, 1779; Captain Third Regiment to 
date, March 30, 1780; prisoner of war November 4, 1780; Captain First Regiment, discharged at the 
close of the war. He was prominent in civil and military life after the war and was one of tlie signers 
of the Constitution of the United States. Jonathan, Sr.. was the son of Samuel, born in 1666, at East 
Hampton, L. L, who was the son of Robert, born in England, came to this country with his parents 
in 1638. Robert was the son of Ralph Dayton, the ancestor, born at Yorkshire, England, in 1585; emi- 
grated to America in 1638; was first in Boston, where his signature is found'dated June 4. 1639; settled 
in East Hampton, I,. I., where, in 1649, he was President and Constable of the place. The Dayton 
family bore Anns. — Or, on a fesse, between three annulets gules as many standing cups of the field. 

The children of Daniel Fordyce and Elizabeth S. (Dayton) Colie were: Levi Dayton, born 1850, 
died in infancy; litkvard M., horn 1852; Mary Dayton, married William S. Johnson, of Orange, and 
Henry W. 

Edward M. Coi.IK, eldest child of Daniel F.and Elizabeth S.(Dayton) Colie, was born at Milburn, 
N. J., October 27, 1852. He came with his parents to East Orange when he was but three years of 
age. He attended the public school and later entered the College of the City of New York, from which 
he was graduated in 1873. He entered the law office of Stone & Jackson, Newark, and a part of the 
time, while pursuing his legal studies, held the position of Vice-Principal of the Ashland school, in East 
Orange. He passed a satisfactory examination and was admitted as attorney in 1876, and as counsellor 
in 1878. He practiced for a time under his own name and in 1888 entered the firm of Colie & Tits- 
worth, succeeding to the practice of the old firm of C. S. & C. G. Titsworth. dissolved by the deaih of 
the senior member. Ex Judge Caleb S. Titsworth. Upon the retirement of Mr. Charles G. Titsworth 
from the firm of Colie & Titsworth, the firm of Colie & Swayzc was formed in 1892. Mr. Colie's general 
practice is large and lucrative, and he is considered an exceptionally good lawyer. Of late years he has 
given special attention to insurance law, and his successful trials of diflRcult and complicated cases have 
given him a wide reputation, and he is recognized as one of the best insurance lawyers in the State. 
He is counsel for the Merchants" Insurance Company, of Newark, of the Fidelity & Casualty Company, 
of New York, and at the same time represents several large companies in other States. As a lawyer he 
is careful, painstaking and thorough in his preparation and trial of cases. His clients trust him 
implicitly, knowing that every means in his power will be conscientiously employed to bring to a success- 
ful issue matters placed in his hands. He is a man of quick perceptions, strong nervous force and 
vital energy. 

As a pastime, Mr. Colie has done consid-.-rable literary work. He has frequently contributed to 
Appkton's Journal, the Christian i'nion. the Bookman and other periodicals. He h.is one of the 
largest and best assorted libraries in the State. He is especially interested in Sociolog>- and has a large 



4i6 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

collection of works bearing on this subject. Ruskin is his favorite author, and a paper read by him 
before the I'lii Beta Kappa Society of the College of the City of New York, December 18, 1S94, on 
"John Ruskin as an Ethical Teacher," has since been published in pamphlet form and received the 
favorable criticisms of students of Ruskin. Mr. Colie was one of the originators of the indejjendent 
movement in politics, which for a time threatened to disrupt the old political parties and which has 
since held the balance of power. He was associated in this movement with Dr. William Hayes Ward, 
Wendell Phillips Garrison and other well-known reformers. Mr. Colie took the stump himself during 
the campaign of that year and did most effective work. In what might almost be called his native 
town of East Orange, Mr. Colie has been especially active in public and benevolent affairs. He has 
been long a director and is now Vice-President of the Orange Bureau of Charities. He is connected 
with the Township Improveinent Society, and other societies of this character. His religious associa- 
tions are with the Munn Avenue or First Presbyterian Church, of East Orange, in which he has served 
as deacon. He is interested in physical culture. He helped to organize the Riding and Driving Club 
of the Oranges and is a member of its Board of Directors. He is a member of the Board of Directors 
of the Orange Athletic Club. He is a member of the Alpha Delta Phi Club; City College Club, and 
Reform Club, of New York City, and of the Essex County Country Club, and of the Essex Club, of 
Newark. lie is also a member of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the 
American Association of Charities and Corrections, and the Bar Association of the United States. 

Mr. Colie married Carrie M. Runyon, daughter of Simeon M. Runyon, son of Clarkson Runyon, 
who was for many years a merchant in New Brunswick and subsequently a manufacturer of rubber 
goods, both in New Brunswick and Newark. Clarkson was the son of John, born 1767, married Christian 
Stelle, daughter of Abel and Sarah Stelle. John was the son of Ephraim, born 1737, whose wife was 
Ruth Molleson. He was the son of Reune and Rachel (Drake) Runyon. Reune, born 171 1, was the 
son of Vincent Runyon, the ancestor of the Runyon family of this country. Vincent Runyon is first 
mentioned in the New Jersey records in 1663. He came to this country with the Stelles and other 
Huguenot families. He settled in Piscatavvay in 1677, and had allotted to him, in March of the same 
year, on the Raritan River, 154^ acres. He died November 19, 1713, his wife, Martha, surviving him. 

The issue of the marriage of Edward M. Colie and Carrie R. (Runyon) Colie are: Edward M., Jr., 
Dayton, Runyon, Margaret and Frederick Runyon. 

THE JOHNSON FAMILY. 
Line of descent fronn Uiecirick Jansen. 

The ancestor of this branch of the Johnson family, Diedrick Jansen, or, as he was often called. 
Dirk Johnson, came to this country from Holland about 1700, and settled in Germantown, Pa., where 
he had a grant of land adjoining that of Hans Millan, whose daughter, Margaret, he married. They 
hail a son, John. 

John Johnson, son of Dictlrick and Margaret (Millan) Jansen, was born in his father's homestead, 
at Germantown, I'a. He married Agnes, daughter of Anthony Klincken, a celebrated IuiiUlt in his 
da\-. They had a z\\\\<\, John. 

John Johnson (2\, son of John and Agnes (Klincken) Johnson, was born July 15, 1748. lie resided 
at the homestead built b_\- his grandfather, which stood near the centre of the battlefield where the 
battle of Germantown was fought. They being members of the Society of l-'ricnds, remained neutral 
during the war. Shortly before the fighting began they were warned by a British officer to take refuge 
in the cellar, and the battle raged all around the house which was struck several times. [These bullet 
holes still remain]. The only inaterial damage wliich the house sustained was an abrasion caused by 
a piece of stone which was knocked out from the corner. An investigation after the battle showed 
that the British had despoiled the pantry of its contents, and everything eatable had disappeared. 
John Johnson married Rachel Levezey, and had a son, Samuil. 



mm 



ji0^^^ 



W 




J 



ROWLAND JOHNSON. 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 417 

Samuel Joliiisoii was born at the liomcstcaci, in 1785. He married Jennet Rowland, of Lewes, 
Delaware. They had twelve children, among wiiom was Rowlaiui. 

Rowi AM) Johnson, son of Samuel and Jennet (Rowland) Johnson, was born in Gcrmantown, Pa., 
May 24, 1S16. He belonijed to what was known as the Hicksite branch of the Society of Friends, and 
was educated at the Friends' Seminary of Westowne. Early in life he entereil the wholscsale crockery 
house of Dorsey & Son, and later became associated with his brother, under the firm name of R. & j. 
R. Johnson, in the importing of East India and Chinese goods, in I'hiladelphia. In 1850 the business 
of the firm was transferred to New York, the I'hiladelphia store being continued as a branch, however, 
until 1S70. A few years after the icniuval of the business to New York, the brother retired, and the 
business was continued by Rowland Johnson up to the time of his death. He was located on Heaver 
Street for thirty-three years, and in 1 883 removed to Broad w,iy. He occupied a leading position among 
the New York merchants of that period, lli' was a prominent member of the Silk Association of 
America, and probably did more than any other man to further the silk interests in America. 

He resided in New York City during the first few years of his business life. He was one of the 
earliest of the New York mercliants to locate in Orange, long before the division into separate town- 
ships took place. He settled in what is now East Orange, in 1855, and purchased the property on the 
corner of Washington and Park Streets, which was his permanent residence. The farm and summer 
residence on the mountainside, he purchased about 1874, and spent most of his summers there. 

Mr. Johnson was one of the leaders in the abolition movement, and was associated in this work 
with such men as Wendel Phillips, Oliver Johnson, William Lloyd Garrison and Horace Greeley. He 
was earnest, aggressive, and even bitter in his denunciation of the slaveholders, and his home in East 
Orange was a prominent rendezvous on the route of the " underground railroad," and fugitive slaves 
found in his home a safe shelter; they were liberally provided for and secretly helped on to the " ne.xt 
station." Because of the bold and uncompromising stand which he took on the slavery question, he 
was e.xpelled from the Society of Friends. Notwithstanding this, however, he continued to meet with 
them, and remained steadfast in the faith. There was quite a number of Friends residing, at that time, 
in and near Orange, and meetings were held regularly in Librarj- Hall. Mr. Johnson usually took part 
in these meetings. 

He was a warm friend of Henry Berg, and one of the most earnest promoters of the Society for the 
Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. He was also a liberal supporter of and closeh' identified with the 
Five Points Mission of New York, as well as other charitable institutions. He was active in local as 
well as national politics, and took a prominent part as a worker and speaker in the presidential cam- 
paigns. He was one of the largest contributors to the founding of the Ora.ngc Journal, and was financi- 
ally interested in the paper for a number of years. Mr. Johnson was one of the original members of the 
New England Society, and did much to bring about the good-fellowship existing among its members. 
He was a warm friend of Llewellyn Haskell, and assisted him in the work of founding Llewellyn Park. 
He was a man of strict integrity and self-sacrificing in his devotion to the right, and yet he was aggres- 
sive in matters involving not only his own personal rights, but those of his fellow-men. He was con- 
stantly at war with the old Morris and Essex Railroad Company, and succeeded in bringing about many 
needed improvements. He was foremost in the movement of the citizens of Orange to establish a stage 
route between Orange and Newark, and subscribed liberally to the stock. He was interested in all 
local affairs pertaining to the development of the Oranges. He was a man of great liberality, kind- 
hearted and sympathetic, and always ready to lend a helping hand to the down-trodden and oppressed. 
He died September 25, 1886, at the age of seventy. His widow and two children, Anna H. and Llew- 
ellyn Haskell, survive him, the latter residing at the old homestead in East Orange until quite recently. 



4i8 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges 

THE RANDALL FAHILY. 

John M. Randall was pre-eminently a Builder of East Orange, and, with perhaps one or two excep- 
tions, he did more than any other man to promote its development. Mr. Randall came of the same 
old Puritan stock of Connecticut so largely represented in the early settlement of Newark. The family 
name of Randall is traced to the period of the Norman Conquest, A. D. 1086. It first appears in the 
Domes Day I?ook of William the Conqueror. The name of John Randall is of frequent occurrence in 
the year books or records of legal proceedings and judicial decisions from the beginning of the reign of 
Edward II to the end of that of Henry VHI, a period of about two hundred years, from 1327 to 1547. 

John Randall, the Connecticut ancestor of this family, was at Westerly, R. I., in territory claimed 
by Connecticut as part of Stonington, in 1667. In 1670 he bought a lot of land on the I'awcatuck 
River, of Thomas Bell, and was admitted an inhabitant of Stonington, November 30. 1670. 

John Randall, a descendant of John Randall, the Connecticut ancestor, was born in Connecticut 
about 1758. Me was a captain in the War of the Revolution and served continuously, first as a member 
of the Connecticut Militia and afterwards of the "Connecticut Line," from 1775 to 1783. He enlisted 
at the age of seventeen, his first service being as a private in Second Company, Eighth Connecticut 
Regiment, commanded by Colonel — afterwards General — Jedediah Huntington, of New London, Conn. 
After the close of the war he married Phebe, daughter of Gurdon Merchant, of Redding, Conn., who 
was its first town treasurer and a descendant of John Merchant, of Braintree, Mass., 1638, who removed 
to Rhode Island in 1639. After his marriage, Capt. Randall purchased a farm of some 300 acres in 
Vermont, which he cleared and subseqently sold, and purchased another large tract of about four 
hundred acres on Otter Creek, Vt , which lay partly in the town of Wallingford and part in Clarendon. 
He cleared and improved the farm, which was divided among his children. He had issue, Cynthia, 
John, Lydia, Lucina and Merchant, born about 1795. 

Merchant Randall, son of John and Phebe (Merchant) Randall, was born at Wallingford, Vt., about 
1795. He bought a farm in Veteran, near Elmira, N. V., and moved thence about 1836, and in 1852 
followed the march of immigration and settled in Warren County, III. He married Philena Bullartl, a 
descendant of Robert Bullard, who came to this countr\- from Kent, England, about 1636. The children 
of Merchant and Philena Randall were: Philena, born 181 5;. A'/'// Merchant, hoxn August 18. 1818: 
another child, died young ; Lucretia, born about 1828, married Charles Swan, of Elmira. Mr. Randall 
divided up his western farm among his children, giving each from forty to eighty acres. 

John Merchant Ra.vdai.L, second child of Merchant and Philena (Bullard) Randall, was born in 
Rutland County, near Rutland village, Vt., August 18. 1818. His early educational advantages were 
limited, as he was obliged to work the farm, yet he began teaching when he was but seventeen years of 
age. After leaving the district school, he attended Black River Academy for one term, and by teaching 
the following winter, earned enough to carry him through on a si.\ months' course at Castleton, Vt., 
Academy. He then returned to the little school in his native town, where he taught for two successive 
terms. His father, in the meantime, having removed to a village near Elmira, N. V., John M. followed 
and taught for a time at Millport, N. Y., and in the summer of 1839 completed his studies at Canan- 
dagua Academy, where he took a six months' course. He taught again for two successive years at 
Millport, but was finally obliged to gi\e up teaching on account of failing health. He had, in the 
meantime, built up a flourishing school from which fifteen students were graduated and received certifi- 
cates, all but one of whom became successful teachers. He was superintcntlent of schools in the town, 
and also served as town clerk for two or three years. About 1844, in connection with a Mr. Botsford, 
he opened a country store in the town of Veteran, some ten miles from Elmira, N. Y. This was not a 
successful venture, ar.d he subsequently started on his own account in the same business, and not only 
paid off his old liabilities in full, but in the course of si.x years cleared §6,000. With this capital he 
formed a copartnership in the lumber business in 1853, at Brooklyn, N. Y., under the firm name of 
Bennett & Randall, producing and buying lumber by the cargo and shipping it to various points in 



>»'■ 



!,t){w 



m 





JOHN M. RANDALL. 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



419 



and contiguous to New York, the principal trade for wliicli centered in Newark, N. J., where he subse- 
quently established his headcpiarters, having a large yard on the I'assaic River, where he did the largest 
lumber business of any firm in the State of New Jersey and one of the largest in the country, his sales 
aggregating nearly half a million dollars a year. During this copartnership he purchased a large tract 
of land in Tioga County, Pa., where he erected three large steam saw mills. He subsequently disposed 
of this property to his partner and contracted to sell the entire annual production of these mills on 
commission. He also bought large quantities of lumber from other- i)artics and for many years carrie<i 
on a successful trade in this line. In 1S65 he established a retail business in Newark in connection with 
his wholesale business, having for a partner in the former, George H. Swain (afterwards State Treasurer 
of New Jersey), and later became associated with him in the entire business. 

Mr. Randall continued to carry on his country store at Veteran for some years after he started in 
the lumber business, and made Elmira his place of residence, where he spent his winters. In 1854 he 
was elected to the State Assembly from Chemung County, N. V., on the temperance ticket. He served 




MUS.V ,\VENLE. SHOWING RESIDENCE OF JOHN M. RANDALL. 

as a n>c,nl,cr ,>f the Railroad Committee, but was at the same time one of the most earne.st supporters 
; he bill for the laying out of Central Park. New York City. Mr. Randal became a rcs.dent of 
Ne vark N. J . about ,856, and soon after bought a tract of land on Munn .Wenue, East Orange on 
whi he bei n nu.king improvements. In addition to his own residence he erected a number of 
if villas along the avenue and planted a variety of shade trees. He made-mother m,provemen ts 
'^;;:h h!ve added much to the general appearance of this avenue. He sold '- «- ^ enc. ad 
,86S began the erection of his present home, which reqmred two ye^^rs to complete 1 his .one of the 
most substantial and well built villas in the county, the mtenor bemg f^n..shed m hard uood. 
"rounds and exterior arrangements are in excellent taste and present an attract.ve appearance. 



420 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

When Orange obtained its city charter in i860, Mr. Randall was foremost in causing the separation 
and final erection of East Orange as a separate township. He was a member of the first Township 
Committee and probably did more than any other man to precipitate final action. He was chairman of 
the committee appointed to establish the grade of the streets, and was an advocate of the macademizcd 
roads. He erected a large number of private and public buildings, which have added materially to the 
wealth of the township. His greatest achievement in the way of public improvements is the present 
.system of water supply for East Orange and Bloomfield, second to none in this countr\-, and one of the 
finest in the world. 

Mr. Ranilall has contributed liberally to the educational, religious and bene\'olent interests of the 
township. The Munn Avenue Presbyterian Church owes its existence mainly to his efforts, lie led in 
the enterprise and induced his neighbors to follow. He solicited subscriptions to a large amount, and 
was himself one of the largest contributors. He was chairman of the Building Committee and had the 
general supervision of its entire construction. The subsequent enlargement of the building and all the 
interior arrangements were designed and carried out under his personal supervision. He has also 
encouraged and aided in the building of other churches in East Orange. His whole aim as a public- 
spirited citizen was to elevate the moral and religious tone of the community. He lived to witness the 
growth of a small village to one of the largest and most prosperous townships in the State. As a man 
he was beloved and respected in the community for his many personal traits, and honored by his fellow- 
citizens for the great work he accomplished in the development of East Orange. 

Mr. Randall was twice married ; first to Miss Abby Taylor, of Manlius, Onondaga Count}-, N. Y.; 
second, to Miss Hulda S. Vischer, of Albany, N. Y. By his first wife he had, Philena 1',., who married 
Joseph T.. Munn, Esq. By his second wife he has issue, Walter M. and Mary E.; the latter married 
\'ernon L. Davey, Superintendent of Public Schools, East Orange. Mr. Randall died suddenly in the 
summer of 1895 while absent from home. 

THE COLBY FAMILY. 

Of the thousands of enterprising New York business men who, during the j)ast thirty-five or 
fortj' years, have established their homes in the Oranges, none have been more close!}' identified with 
the moral, physical, religious and political advancement of the people of this locality than Gardner R. 
Colby; a man who built for himself a monument in the hearts of the people as enduring as the granite 
shaft that marks his last resting-place. His New England ancestors were all men of marked character 
and influence, who left their impress on each generation. The history of the Colby family dates back 
to the eleventh cenlur}-, anil the names of Robert, Warine and Simon de Colebie appear among the list 
of those who followed the fortunes of the Conqueror. 

Anthony Colby, the American ancestor of the family, came over with Governor Winthrop, in 1630; 
was one of the founders of Salisbury, in 1639, and of Amesbur}-, Mass., in 1643. He had issue, Sarah, 
John, Orlando, Samuel, Isaac, Rebecca, Mar\- and Thomas. The line of descent of Gardner R. Colby 
is through John, eldest son of Anthony, John, Jr., Joseph (1 ), Joseph (2), Josiah and Josiah C. The 
latter was a well-known citizen of Bowdoinham, Maine, who was for years successfully engaged in the 
building of ships, and in business enterj^rises connected with theit ownership. His son, Gardner Colby, 
a native of Bowdoinham. Me., became one of the leading railroad projectors and builders in the great 
Northwest, and was equall}- noted for his strong religious faith, and the carrying forward of great benevo- 
lent enterprises. He was largeh- instrumental in the building of the Rowe Street Baptist Church, of 
Boston ; was the founder of Waterville College, Me., to which he ga\'e large sums of monc}- at different 
times, and which, unsolicited by himself, was changed to Colby Universit}', and as such has already won 
an honored place in the educational history of the countr}-. He married Mary Low Roberts, and had 
issue, Gardner R., Charles L., Henry F., Joseph L., Mary F., Georgetta E. 

Garu.NER Roberts Coi.BV, eldest son of Gardner and Mary Low (Roberts) Colby, was born in 
Ro.xbury, Mass., April, 1836. He was educated at a private school, and at the age of sixteen entered 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



421 



a dry goods and jobbing house at Boston, as a clerk. Subscfiucntly lie entered his father's store 
and was his purchaser for a period of five years, representing the house in New York In 1S65 the firm 
of Slade & Colby was formed, which was changed in 1866 to Harding, Colby & Co , with which Mr. 
Colby was actively identified until his death. Mr. C<jlby had the entire management of the New York 
house, Mr. Kdgar Harding, son of the senior partner, having charge of the Boston branch. Mr. Colby's 
business talent and great executive ability were always recognized, and he was freqently called upon to 
preside at meetings of New York business men. He was for fourteen years a member of the New York 
Chamber of Commerce, was Vice-President of the Ninth National Bank, a director of the Farmers' 
Loan and Trust Company, both of New York, and a director of the Delaware, Lackawanna and West- 
ern Railroad. Mr. Colby became a resident of East Orange in 1S66, soon after it became a separate 
township. )'-rom the first he evinced a disposition to encourage the improvements and changes that 
were being made, and was recognized as a man of progressive ideas. He was chairman of the Township 
Committee during the years 1874-5, hav- 
ing been unanimously elected at a time 
when there was a sharp controversy regard- 
ing public improvements. 

In politics he was a staunch Republican 
and gave liberally to promote the success 
of the party in his county and State. He 
served for two years on the State Com- 
mittee and was frequenth- urged to accept 
the Congressional nomination, but always 
declined the honor. At the Republican 
State Convention, held at Trenton, in 
1886, Mr. Colby was a prominent candi- 
date for Governor. Witliout any prelim- 
inary campaign whatever, Mr. Colby went 
to Trenton on the eve of the conquest, 
and by his strong personalit)' completely 
changed the calculations of the slate mak- 
ers, nearly capturing the prize. Essex 
County, which was split up over several 
candidates, united upon him, a thing its 
delegates had never done before, and 
presented his name as a unit to the con- 
vention. i\ South Jersey combination, 
however, gave the nomination to a South 
Jersey man and Congressman Howey was 
nominated. Mr. Colby received the next 
highest vote, and he always felt gratified 
for the loyal support of the Essex County 
delegates. Mr. Colby's name had been 
quietly discussed in connection with the 
approaching nomination for Governor. 
Republicans and temperance men could unite, and he 
convention. He was State elector on two occasions. 

After removing to East Orange, Mr. Colby joined the North Orange Baptist Church, and to his 
generous and active support is due in no small degree the i)rominence enjoyed by the church in this 
city and the Ba[)tist denomination to-day. He was elected one of its otTicers_ soon after he became a 




GARDNER KOBEKTS COI.IIV. 



would ha\e received <i lic.irty xipport in the 



422 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

member, and at the time of his death was President of the Board of Trustees, also deacon and Super- 
intendent of the Emmanuel Baptist Church and Sunday School, in the Valley. Mr. Colby's interest in 
the welfare of the church never dimished. He never missed a Sunday service when at home and in 
health, and always made it a point to be present at the business meetings of the Board of Deacons, the 
members of which looked to him for counsel and generally followed his advice. 

Mr. Colby's benefactions were numberless. He gave of his wealth quietly and without ostentation, 
and it will never be known how much he gave away privately or how many he assisted. He had 
an affectionate, sympathetic nature, and though his outward manner often seemed brusque he 
possessed a warm heart which is was not difficult to touch. He was a tower of strength upon 
whom many leaned for support. When friends were in trouble he was quick to assure them of 
his sympathy. He felt proud of the fact that he had, largely by his own efforts, amassed a fortune 
before he inherited one, and although he seldom spoke about it, he did not want it thought he 
had inherited all his wealth. He had a fine sense of honor and was the soul of integrity, and a trust was 
sure to be faithfully administered if committed to his care. He was naturally of a happy disposition, 
and his wit has brightened many a company of which he was a welcome member. His death, which 
occurred June 20, 1889, was deeply lamented by a large circle of friends in this and other States. 

Mr. Colby married Martha Louise 1 lutchins, daughter of Ezra L. Hutchins, a descendant, probably, 
of John Hutchins, who settled in Newbury, Mass , before 1640. Six children were born to them, three 
of whom died in early life, viz.: Harriet Augusta, Charles Hewson and Gerald Gellatly. Three sons 
survive their father, viz.: Gardner, born in East Orange, October 12, 1864; graduated at Brown Univer- 
sity, and is now treasurer of several manufacturing and other companies; resides in East Orange: he 
married Fanny Hazard Curtis, daughter of Henrj' R. Curtis; issue, Gardner, St. Clair, Amelia, Henry 
Curtis, Martha Louise. Louis St. Clair, also of East Orange, December, 1866; graduated at Brown 
University. Arthur Hutchins, East Orange, born March 31, 1869; graduated at Brown University; 
engaged in the real estate business; married Marie Henrietta Miner, daughter of Allan Miner and 
adopted daughter of Edwin C. Burt ; had two children, Dorothy and Bevan. 

THE SHEPARD FAHILY. 

The name of ¥. M. .Shcpan.1 occupies a warm place in the hearts of the people of this community, 
not only because of the public spirit he has manifested in everything that concerns the health and 
prosperity of the Oranges, but for his large hearted, liberal support of its religious and benevolent 
institutions. Many of the Builders who have preceded Mr. Shepard have left their impress on the 
pages of local history in the streets which bear their name, in the beautiful shade trees which they have 
planted, and in the attractive homes which have made this the garden spot of the Oranges; but Mr. 
Shepard, in the enterprises with which his name has been so prominently connected, has unconsciously 
erected to his own memory, monuments which are imperishable, as they concern not only the health, the 
happiness and the well-being of the present generation, but of generations yet unborn. 

There is no doubt that the name of Shepard — spelt in various ways — is one of the oldest on record, 
and is derived from the occupation which it represents, the very nature of which tends to develop the 
gentler as well as the nobler traits of character. The Coat Armour borne by one of the early English 
families of this name indicates the origin. This was: Ar/iis. — ycrt, two shepherd's crooks in saltire 
or, between three lambs passant, two and one argent. Crest. — A mount vert, thereon, in front of two 
shepherd's crooks in saltire or, a lamb passant argent. The family from which I-'. M. Shepard descended 
was among the earl\' settlers of Connecticut, and through each successive generation its members ha\e 
been noted for their good deeds and kindness of heart, rather than for great personal achievements. 

Edward Shepard, the ancestor, was born in England, lie followed the sea and was master of a 
shii). He came to this country and settled in Cambriilge, Mass., about 1639, where he died in 1648. 
He married Violet , by whom he had ./<'////, Eliza, Abigail and Deborah. 

John Shepard (i), son of Edward and Violet ( ) Shepard, was born in England, in 1627. and 




FREDERICK M. SHEPARD. 



The Founders and Builders ot the Oranges. 423 

came to America with liis father, lie was m.ide a freeman at Cambridge, Mass , in ifj^o, and moved to 
Hartford after 1666. He married, first, October r, 1649. Rebecca, daughter of Samuel (ireenhill ; 
second, Susannah Goodwin. lie died in 1707. He had a ann, /o/t/i, and other children by his first wife. 

John Shepard (2), son of John (1) and Rebecca (Greenhill) Siiepard, was born in Hartford, January 
22, 1653, died there in 1736. He was a deacon in the South Church and much respected in the com- 
munity. He married, first, May 12, 1680, Hannah I'eck, daughter of I'aul I'eck ; second, Mary Mutt'>n 
Bigelow. He had, by his first wife, John, Saiiiiu-/, Hannali and Josepii. 

Samuel Shepard, son of John (2), was born in Hartford, February 2. i(')S4, ilied there in 1730. He 
married, May 17, 1709. Bclliia Steele; she dictl in 1704. Tliey hail a son, l-.ltiad. Samuel removed to 
East Grainillc, Mass. 

Eldad Shepard, son nf .Samuel and Hethi.i (Steele) Shepard, was born in East Granville, Mass., in 
1740, and dictl in 1S07. lie married Rebecca Seymour; she died in 1807. Tliey had, among other 
cliildren, a son, ./(?;//< .v. 

James Shepard, son of Eldad anil Rebecca (Seymourj .Shepard, was born in Hartland, Mass., 
whence his father hail removed, December 21, 1774. He was a farmer and a man of considerable 
prominence in the community. He was a member of the State Legislature in 1840, and held other 
public offices He died in Norfolk, Litchfield Count}', Conn., in 1846. He married Abigail Andrus, 
and had issue. Joint Andrus, born J.muary 15, i8o2; Laura Seymour, born March 9, 1804; James 
Hutchins, born August 11, 1806, died February 15, 1895; Samuel, born December 12, 1812; Eliza. 

John Andrus Shepard, son of James and Abigail (Andrus) Shepard, was born in Winchester, Conn., 
1802. He was a well-to-do farmer and a man of influence in the community. Although averse to 
holding public position, he was a member of the Legislature, postmaster, and held other town offices. 
He married Margaret J. Mills, daughter of Michael Frederick Mills, a well-known lawyer in the com- 
munity. Their children were Frederick Michael, James Ira, and William Arthur. 

Frederick M. Shepard, eldest child of John Andrus and Margaret J. (Mills) Shepaid, was born 
in Norfolk, Litchfield County, Conn., September 24, 1827. He attended the district school and also 
a select school kept by Rev. John F. Norton. His first business e.\-perience was in a countiy store in 
Norfolk. From there he went to Hartford as clerk in the dry goods store of Collins Bros., where he 
remained some two or three \ears. He came to New York in 1848 and was for five years in the employ 
of Augustin Averill & Co., commission merchants, on South Street. In 1853 he was elected Secretar\- 
of the Union India Rubber Company. This was the opportunity which led to the ilevelopment of 
business qualifications and a capacity for great undertakings, of which, perhaps, he himself was uncon- 
scious. He became the founder and is still the manager of one of the largest rubber interests in the 
world. He has been President of the Union India Rubber Company for twenty-five years. He founded, 
with Joseph A. Minott, in 1861, the Rubber Clothing Company, and has been its President since its 
organization. He also founded, with Mr. Minott, the Goodyear Rubber Co., in 1872, was its first 
President and still holds that position. This company is one of the largest of its kind in the world. 
It has its factories in Connecticut and New Jersey ; its places of business are in New York City, Buffalo, 
Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul, Minneapolis St. Louis, Kansas City, San Francisco, Portland, Ore., and 
Washington, I). C, each of these being controlled by companies organized under the laws of the several 
States, but all under the direct management of Mr. Shepard. These several companies and manufac- 
tories, and others in which he is largely and actively interested, employ several thousand iiands, the 
annual production amounting to millions of dollars. Mr. Shepard is also a director in the National 
India Rubber Co., of Rhode Island, President of the Lambertville Rubber Co., a director of the U. S. 
Rubber Co., also of the Mutual Benefit Life Insurance Co.. of Newark, N. J., one of the Advisory 
Committee of the Orange Memorial Hospital, to which he has been a large contributor. 

Mr. Shepard's connection with the Oranges began in 186S, by the purchase of the house on Munn 
Avenue, where he has since resided. For several years he occupied it as a summer home, but in 1S73 
gave up his residence in New York and made East Orange his home. Since then he has made numer- 



424 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

ous additions and iniprovements, both exterior and interior, and liis home is now one of the most 
attractive places in this locaHty. For the first five or six years Mr. Shepard's work in East Orange 
was mainly of a religious and benevolent character, encouraging, however, and contributing to such 
public enterprises as he deemed worthy of support. W'lien the subject of water supply was being 
agitated, he entered heartily into the project and was one of the first, as well as one of the largest 
subscribers to the stock of the Orange Water Company, a corporation which was organized in 1S67, but 
which remained dormant until kS'^o, when the subscription books were for the first time opened, (^n the 
organization of the com[)any Mr. Shepard was elected President, and has held the position continuousl\- 
up to the present time. N'otwithstanding his extensive interests in New York and other parts of the 
country, he has for man\- years devoted a portion of his time every day to the management of the 
affairs of the water compan_\-, which has developed into one of the most perfect s\-stems of water su])ply 
in this or any other .State, and now supplies the towns of East Orange and Bloomfield. During its stage 
of development the financial burden was largely borne by Mr. Shepard and his associate, Mr. Randall. 
While Mr. Shepard was chiefly interested in procuring an abundant supply of pure water for the people 
of East Orange, he has so managed the affairs of the company that it has for many years paid satisfac- 
tory dividends to the stockholders. Mr. Shepard was a large contributor to the erection of the Com- 
monwealth Building, and organized the East Orange Safe Deposit and Trust Company, which has its 
vaults in this building. He was the first President, and is now Vice-President of the companw He 
also assisted in organizing the East Orange National Bank, and was its President for two years. 

On coming to East Orange, Mr. Shepard attended the Munn Avenue or P'irst Presbyterian Church, 
and was for several years President of its Board of Trustees, during which time the debt which had been 
incurred in 1863, when the church was built, was paid in full. When tiie Elmwood Chapel, a branch of 
the .Munn Avenue Church, was organized, Mr. Shepard assisted in the movement by his personal efforts, 
and contributed liberally towards the erection of the building. He was elected Superintendent of the 
Elmwood Chapel Sunday-school, in 18S0, and for fifteen years has devoted his time and his energies to 
build up this interest. To say that he is beloved by the teachers and children is but a feeble expression 
of the strong attachment that exists between them. L'nder his efficient management there has been a 
steady growth from year to year, and many of the children from tiie school have united with the church 
and have had their names inscribed on the Lamb's Book of Life. This has been one of the most delight- 
ful features of Mr. Shepard's long residence in the Oranges, and one in which the compensation far ex- 
ceeds that of all his temporal interests combined. 

In remembrance of his childhood days, Mr. Shepard established, in 1S91. the Norfolk Water Com- 
paiu', for supplying his native town with water from the beautiful Mountain Lake, and thus earned the 
gratitude of the people, and erected another monument to his own memory. 

Mr. Shepard's domestic life has been one of peaceful simplicity. His " lines have fallen to him in 
pleasant places, and he has enjoyed a goodly heritage." He married, in September, 1854, Annie 
Clarissa, daughter of Theron Rockw-ell, of Colebrook, Conn. ] See Rockwell family.] The children of 
Frederick M. and Annie Clari.ssa (Rockwell) Shepard are: Annie Rockwell; Frederick M., Jr., married 
Isabella, daughter of Joseph Condit of Orange; Clara Margaret, married Alfred Boote, May 16, 1885; 
Joseph Minott; John Andrus. and Edith .Mills. Joseph Miiiott, fiuiith child of Mr. .Shepard, died in 1875. 
Soon after this Mr. Shepard erected, at a cost of §10,000. a consuni[)tive tlepartnicnt to the Orange 
Memorial Hospital. [^'-''^ history of Memorial Hospital.] 

THE ROCKWELL FAMILY. 

The Rockwell and Shepard families are closely allied by marriage, and both have been promoters 
of public imi)rovements in East Orange. The magnificent residence of John T. Rockwell is one of the 
most attractive features on Arlington Avenue, and has greatly improved this locality. Mr. Rockwell 
is a direct descendant of the Pilgrim Fathers. Deacon William Rockwell, the founder of the family in 



Thk Founders and Hrii.nKKS of tiik Orangks. 425 

America, arrived at Nantucket May 30, 1630. He was deacon of tlie first ciuircli in Dorchester, Mass., 
and was one of the three first selectmen of the town. He removed to Windsor. Conn., about 1636. He 
married Susanna Cliapin, and hatl three children, the second of whom was Saiiiini. 

.Samuel Rockwell, son of William and Susanna (Chapin) Rockwell, was born in Dorchester. March 
28, 1631. He married Mary Norton, of Saybrook, Conn., and had a son, Joscpli. 

Joseph Rockwell (i), son of Samuel and Mary (Norton) Rockwell, was born May 22, 1670. He was 
known as " Sargaiit " Rockwell. He married Rlizabeth. daughter of Job Drake, and \y,\i\ Joscf>Ji (2) and 
other children. 

Joseph Rockwell (2), son of Joseph (1) and Elizabeth (Drake) Rockwell, was born at Windst)r, 
Conn., November 23, 1695. He married Hannah Huntinj^ton, born at Norwich, Conn.. 1^93. Their 
eldest child was Josepit (3). 

Joseph Rockwell (3), son of Joseph (2) and Hannah (Huntington) Rockwell, was born at New 
Windsor, Conn., March 15, 171 5. lie was one of the original proi)rietors of Colebmok, Conn., in 1766. 
and was Captain of the first militia company formed in the town. He married Anna Dodd. and had 
nine children, of whom lilijali was tliu third. 

Elijah Rockwell, son of Joseph (31 and .Anna (Dodd) Rockwell, was born in East Windsor. Conn., 
November 14, 1744. He served in the War of the Revolution, and was commissioned Lieutenant of 
Seventh Conipan_\-, Connecticut Militia, b_\- (iovernor Jonathan Trumbull, lie was Justice of the I'eacc, 
and was for ihirtj'-eight years Town Clerk ; for si.xteen years he was the only civil magistrate in the 
town, and in this capacity he joined one hundred and twenty-seven couples in marriage. He repre- 
sented his town in the State Legislature for some years. He married Lucy, daughter of John 
Wright, and had five children, of whom Tluron was the third. 

Theron Rockwell, third child of Elijah and Lucy (Wright) Rockwell, was born in Colebrook, June 
5, 1782. He was a man of considerable prominence in his day ; he served in both branches of the State 
Legislature. He carried on an extensive tanning business in Colebrook, and opened an oflfice in New 
York City for the sale of his goods, which was under the management of his son, James S., who was 
succeeded by John T., a younger brother. Mr. Rockwell married Clarissa, daughter of John Treat, who 
was a descendant of Matthew Treat, of Connecticut. Their children were, James Sidney, born 1817; 
Henry Edwards, born \'^2\\ John Treat, .'Xnna Clari.ssa. married Frederick .\I. She[)ard. now of East 
Orange. 

JiijiN Tki.ai R(i( kwei.I,, third child uf rhert)n and Clarissa (Treat) Rockwell, was born in Cole- 
brook, Conn., January 21, 1827. He was educated at Williston Seminary, East Hampton, lie was 
associated aith his brother in the tanneries at Colebrook and Winsted, which he bought out and con- 
tinued to c.irrv on for some years. He removetl later to New \'ork ami became a member of the firm 
of |. S. Rockwell & Co., with which he is still connected. Mr. Rockwell came to East Orange in 1881, 
and soon after erected the beautiful home where he now resides. He has given aid and encouragement 
to public improvements in many ways. He is a stockhokler and director in the East Orange Water 
Works; also in the Safe Deposit and Tru.st Company. His religious interests are centered in the First 
Presbyterian Church of EH.st Orange, of which he is a member. 

EDWARD JUDSON BROCKETT. The remarkable growth of the North Orange H.iptisl Church in 
a community where, for more than a hundred years, I'resbyterianism has held full sway, is due to the 
efforts of a few individuals who had not only the courage of their convictions, but who were endowed 
with the essential qualifications of leadership. Among these is Edward J. Hrockett, a representative of 
a family who for several gener.Uions have been noted for their courage, zeal and devotion to the cause 
of religion and religious libert\-. The family in England dates back to the time of the Norman 
Conquest, and the head of the house in the time of Henry HI was knighted by that monarch for his 
services to the king. One of his descendants, John Brockett, the eldest son of Sir John Hrockett. of 
the County Herts, a well-known loyalist at the time of Charles \, who, becoming convinced of the truth 



426 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



of the gospel as preached by the Puritans, relinquislied his birthright, united with t!ic little company 
of Rev. John Davenport, emitjrated to New England and settled in New Haven in 1638. His son, Dr. 
John Hrockett, was the first permanent resident physician of the New Haven Colony, a man of remark- 
able attainments for his time. 

Rev. I'ierpont Brockett, the father of Edward J., was a direct descendant of Jnhn Rrockett, the 
American ancestor. He was born in North Haven, Conn., October 30, 1787, and was one of the most 
noted Baptist preachers in Connecticut for many years. He served as a private in the Connecticut 
Militia in the War of 181 J. His f.Uhcr, John Brockett, served in the War of the Revolution. Rev. 
Pier[)ont Brockett was for some time a missionary for the Connecticut Bajitist Convention, and traveled 
through the State looking after the interests of the denomination. He was a settled pastor at different 
periods at Clinton, Saybrook, Esse.x, West Springfield, Nortli .Stonington, W'inlhrop, L\-me, Col- 
chester and Wethersfieki, and was for three years chaplain of the Connecticut State Prison, at Wethers- 
field. After a long and useful life he retired from active service at the age of seventy-five. He died 
y\pril 7, 1868, having spent fifty years in the work of the ministry in the Baptist churches in New 
England. His record of baptisms was 284, and hundreds more dated their conversion from his wise 
and careful labors with them. He married Sarah Sage, daughter of Col. Josiah Sage and a relative of 
the well-known Gen. Comfort Sage, of Middletown, one of the heroes of the Revolution. Among other 
children born to him was Eikvard Judsoii Brockett. 

EnWAkl) JUDSON Brockktt, son of Rev. Pierpont and Sarah (Sage) Brockett, was born at Essex, 
Conn.. M irch 7, 1833. He was educated at Bacon Academy, Colchester, Conn., at that time one of the 

leading institutions of learning in New England. He 
began his business career as clerk in a publishing house 
in Hartford, Conn., and after a few years was called to 
New York as manager of the subscription book business 
of the firm of Mason Brothers. In 1858 he entered the 
employ of Battelle & Renwick, who were engaged in im- 
porting chemicals, as book-keeper and confitlential clerk, 
and on the ist of Januar\-, 1S83. became a member of 
the firm. 

By disposition antl business training he was fitted 
for places of trust, and, while never seeking position, 
was repeatedly elected as director or treasurer in various 
business corporations; also appointed executor of several 
estates. Mr. Brockett was for many years a resident of 
Brooklyn, and an active worker in the Hanson Place 
Baptist Church. While residing in Brooklyn he married 
Mary F. Gault, daughter of George Gault, one of the 
pioneer l^aptists of Brooklyn, who was instrumental in 
forming many of the churches in that city. The issue 
of this marriage was: George Pierpont (deceased), 
Francis E.. Edith A., Frederick S. (deceased), and 
Helen !•". 

On Mr. Brockett's removal to Orange, he at once 
identified himself with the North Orange Baptist Church, 
and was elected its Treasurer, liokiing theoitice toi tnii- 
teen years. The association, with such a noble band of workers as he found in connection with th.it 
churcii, and iiis daily intercourse witii such men as Gardner R. Colby, Edward Austen, W . A. Gellatly 
and Edwin C. Burt, (men who, having accomplished a noble work, have passed away), served as an 
inspiration to Mr. Brockett, and work on behalf of his own church seems to have been a leading thought 




The Founders and Builders ok the Oranges. 



4^; 



ill his life. M;in\- of the improvements made to tlie iiropcrty of tlie Nortli Oninge B<i|)tist Cluiicli. 
which has one of the best etiuipped Sinulay-scliool buildings in the coiinti')-, were sujjgestcd by him. 
For many years he has been associated witli Mr. .Samuel C<)l<,'ate in the management of the Sunday, 
school, which is one of the largest in the State. In iSSo he was elected one of the tru.stees of the 
church, which office he still holds. In iS.Si he was ordained as deacnn. 

As a man of broad and liberal ideas, he has united with his brethren of otlier denominations in 
general efforts to promote Christian and philanthropic work in the community, anil was instrumental in 
organizing the Orange Sunday School Union, which gave a new impetus to .Sunila\- .School work in all 
the ( )ranges, and secured a more general acquaintance among Ciiristian workers. Mr. Hrockett is one 
of the Board of Managers of the American Baptist llonie Mission Society, also I'resident of the New 
Jersey Baptist .State Con\'ention. 



ALFRED PANCOAST BOLLER. The national reputation which the Oranges have enjoyed for half 
a century or more as a place of suburban resort is probably due, to a great extent, to the fact that so 
many public men of national reputation have been identified with this locality at different times during 
the past fort)- years. Mr. Boiler, who is among this number, has, during his thirty years' residence in 
East Orange, achieved a national reputation as a civil engineer, and yet he is known to most people here 
as a quiet, agreeable neighbor, ready to assist in all 
public enterprises, but too much engrossed in the 
duties of his profession to give much heed to social 
affairs Mr. Boiler is of German descent, born in 
Philadelphia, Februar)- 22. 1840, son of Henry John 
and Anna Margaretta ( I'ancoast) Boiler. He gradu- 
ated as A. M. from Universit}- of Pennsylvania in 
1S58, and as civil engineer from Rensselaer Pol_\-tech- 
nic Institute, of Troy, in 1861. After graduation 
he was engaged on various railroad and canal 
enterprises in the coal regions of Pennsylvania, and 
in 1863 was an assistant engineer on the Philadelphia 
and Erie division of the Penns\-lvaiiia Railroad. In 
1866 he came to New \'ork in the service of the 
Atlantic and Great Western Railroad, at that time 
contemplating some large bridge enterprises. In 
the autumn of the same year he became engineer 
of the Hudson River Railroad, and during this 
connection the great St. John's Park Depot was 
commenced. 

In the spring of 1867 the firm of Muliken & 
Boiler was formed, to act as New York and Eastern 
agents of the Phceni.x Insurance Co., of Philadelphia. 
In 1 870 Mr. I^oller became Vice-President and 
engineer of the Phillipsburg Manufacturing Co., 
engaged in bridge building and structural iron work. 

Central Avenue and Park .\vcnuc bridges over the Morris Canal, Newark, were built during this time, 
and the bridge over the Hudson River, at Troy, N. V. The Phillipsburg Co.. failing shortly after the 
panic of 1873, in the autumn of 1874, Mr. Boiler established himself as general consulting engineer, in 
New York City, at 71 Broadway, where he has had his offices ever .since. He has held the following 
important positions: Chief Engineer .Manhattan Elevateil Railway, Yonkers Rapid Transit Commis- 
sion, Albany and Greenbush Bridge, West Side and Yonkers Railway (155th Street to High Bridge, 




ALFRED PANCO.AST HOI.I.KK. 



428 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

including Righth Avenue Briilge over Harlem Riven. Staten Island Rapid Transit Railroad, Tliames 
Ri\er Bridge, at New London, N. Y., P. & B. R. R. He was also consulting engineer to contractors 
for building pedestal of Bartholdi Statue; to the Department of Public Parks, N. Y.; for bridging the 
lironx River at the various road crossings; the superstructure of the Madison Avenue Bridge, the 
Central Bridge and approaches over the Harlem River, at 155th Street; to the Department of Public 
Works, for building 155th Street viaduct; the Harlem Ship Canal Bridge (firm of Boiler and Burr), at 
Kingsbridge Road, and the roof of a new pumping and power house station at High Bridge. Mr. 
Boiler is one of the consulting engineers in the new industrial development of the water power of the 
St. Mary's River, Sault St. Marie, and chief engineer of the projected bridge of the Duluth and Superior 
Bridge Co. He was contractor (Boiler & Drake) for building Bergen County cut of Erie Railroad ; for 
building (Jones. Drake & Co.) extension Pittsburg and Lake Erie Railroad ; contractor for bridge build- 
ing on the New York and Northern Railroad; associated with Ale.x. McGaw (Iioller& McGaw) built the 
Arthur Kill Bridge and Ba\' State Gas Co. tanks, at Boston, Metro]iolitan Avenue Bridge. Ikooklyn, 
and bridge piers and foundations on Pennsylvania Railroad. 

Mr. Boiler is well known as a writer in technical matters connected with civil engineering, contri- 
buting to Franklin Institute Journal, the Railroad Gazette, the Transactions of the American .Society 
Ci\il Engineers, and publisheil a Treaties on Highway Bridges, in 1874, which ran through sever. d editions. 
He gave the commencement address at tlie Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, at Troy, in 1S74, and 
again in 1885, also the commencement address at Stevens Institute, Hoboken, in 18S9. He is an 
amateur artist in water color antl charcoal drawing, in which he has done some excellent work, lie is a 
member of the Century Club, Xew York, the American Society of Civil Engineers, the American 
Institute of Mining Engineers, the Institute of Civil Engineers, London, and in 1888 was one of the 
expert commissioners on terminal arrangements and improvements of the city of Providence. In 1895 
he was consulting engineer for the foundation masonrv N. Y. C. & H. R. R. bridge over the Harlem 
River, at Park Avenue, and devised the scheme of foundations therefor. He was consulting engineer, 
1896, in devising scheme of grade crossing removal in city of Newark — Pennsylvania and Jersey 
Central R.iilroad crossings. 

Mr. Boiler came to East Orange in 1866, and two years later built his present home, where he has 
since resided. There were but few houses on Prospect Street at the time he built. All the improve- 
ments in I^ast Orange have been made since he became a resident; as far as time permitted, he has par- 
ticipateil in m.my of the changes that have been made, notably in the introduction of a sewer system. 
He was one of the founders of the Town Improvement Society, and a charter member of the Orange 
Athletic Club, and chairman of the Building Committee. His religious interests have been with Grace 
I-lpiscopal Church of Orange. Mr. Boiler married Katharine, daughter of William Henry Newbold, of 
Philadelphia. They have issue: Margaretta, married William Birdsall ; William Newbold, married 
Naomi Sherwood: Alfred Pancoast, Jr., (^a mechanical engineer^; Richard Emlen and Mary Newbold. 

STEPHEN MERRITT LONG. Mr. Long was born in New York City March 25. 1844, was educated 
at the public school. At tlu- bre.iking out of the war he enlisted in a regiment known as the President's 
Lite Guard, lie was transferred, at his own reijuest, to the Philadelphi.i I'ire Zouaves. He took part 
in the battles of Cheat Mountain and IJall's Bluff, in 1861, and in the Seven Days' Eight the following 
year, which included the battles of Fair Oaks, Peach Orchard, Antietam and Savage's Station. He was 
wounded in the latter engagement, and, owing to the retreat of McClellan, he was captured by the 
enemy and confined in Libby Prison. He was sent thence to Belle Isle, and subsequently exchanged. 
Returning to his regiment he participated in the battle of Fredericksburg, and later that of Gettysburg. 
He was honorably discharged at the expiration of his term of service. He returned to New York and 
cng.iged in the insurance business. In 1869 he moved to South Orange, and two years later to Ea.st 
Orange, where he has since carried on an extensive real estate business. He started the East Orange 
Cazittc \n 1873, and subsequently sold it to Charles Starr. He was appointed Postma.sler of East 



^atm 




EDWARD REED. 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 429 

Orange in 1875, ;uul hcKl the position for thirteen years, lie served as Clerk of the Township Com- 
mittee from 1871 to 1874 ; was again elected in 1891, and continues to hold the position, lie is a mem- 
ber of Uzal Ddild Post. (i. A. R., of Orange, in which he has held various positions, up to that of Senior 
Vice-Commander. He is prominent in other military organizations and several local societies. He is a 
member of Calvary M. K. Church, of East Orange. He married Francis, daughter of Moses Gage, of 
New York. 

EDWARD REED. The residence of the late Fdward Reed, situated on the corner of I'rospect 
.Street and I'ark .Avenue, purchased by him from Joiiii Kirtland, was a jKirt of the Ichabod Harrison 
farm, noted in former times for its fine orchards of Harrison and Canfieid apples. Nothing remains now 
to indicate its former condition, and the BuiKlers have quite supplanted the Founders. The house was 
built some thirty years ago by its former owner, and was specially designed for comfort and convenience 
rather than architectural disphu'. The grounds are tastefully laid out, and present an attractive appear- 
ance during the summer season. Although Mr. Reed had been but a few years a resident of East Orange 
at the lime of his (K-:uli, few men have ever gained a stronger hold on the hearts of the people. Quiet 
and reser\ed, yet courtly in his manner and bearing, he impressed every one as a noble example of the 
true Christian gentleman. His ample fortune, which he acquired through diligence and economj', 
enabled him early in life to retire from active business pursuits. Instead, however, of using this for selfish 
gratification or personal aggrandizement, he sought the good of others and the happiness of his fellow- 
men. He recognized his personal accountability to a Higher Power as one to whom he must give an 
account of his stewardship, and his aim was to accomplish the greatest possible amount of good within 
the brief span of human life. Mr. Reed was of Puritan ancestry on both the paternal and maternal 
sides. He was a descendant of Josiah Reed, an earl\- immigrant from Massachusetts to Connecticut. 
Branches of the family are found in Tolland, Windham and New London Counties. 

Edward Reed was born in Salem, Conn., May 22, 1822. lie was the son of William and Lydia 
(Uathbone) Reed. In early childhood his parents removed with him to Andover, Conn., where he 
attended the public school and later took a prejiaratory course at Suffield. Instead of entering college 
as he originally intended, he decided on a business career, and became associated with his father in the 
book business. Some time in the forties he removed to Zanesville, Ohio, where he, in connection with 
his brother, carried on the same business successfully for some years. Among his schoolmates at 
Andover was Miss Fanny Miller, to whom he w.is married in 1S49. .she was also of Puritan ancestry. 
Her father. Rev. Alpha Miller, was a descendant of one of the early settlers at Winstead, Conn. Her 
mother was a Miss Hannah Hunt, daughter of Ur. Ebenezer Hunt, of North Coventry, Conn. Soon 
after his marriage, Mr. Reed removed to St. Louis, wiiere he formed a copartnership with his elder 
brother in the wholesale dry goods business. This was carried on successfully for about fifteen years, 
until the close of the war. He retired in 1865 and, removing East, settled in Albany, where he had 
relatives living. He resided there for about eighteen years. He e.xercised great w-isdom and foresight 
in his investments, which yieldeil handsome returns. It was for the purpose of investment that he 
purchased the present property in 1879. ^^ '-'''^' ""^^ become a resident of East Orange, however, until 
1883. He made many improve;nents in the house and grounds and grew to like the place and the 
people, and determined on making this his final resting-place. 

He united with the Brick Presbyterian Church and found there a most delightful home. He .served 
for a time as trustee and was interested in the temporal as well as the spiritual growth of the church, 
responding liberally to every appeal fur means to carry on the work. He became deeply interested in 
the public affairs of East Orange ami when it was proposed by one or two enterprising public-spirited 
citizens to build and endow a public librar\-, he entered heirtilyinto the movement, subscribing first 
three thousand, to which he added two thousand dollars more, besides using his influence to induce 
others to aid in the work. While the project failed for lack of financial support, the efforts of Mr. 
Reed, coupled with his generous offer, were deeplj- appreciated b\- his fellow-citizens. Mr. Reed became 



430 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

more interested than ever in public and benevolent affairs of the township. He was a member of the 
Advisory Board of the Orange Memorial Hospital and was a generous contributor to the fund for 
carrying on the work. He was a man of warm heart and charitable instincts, and not only gave liberally 
to all the charitable institutions in the Oranges, but his benefactions extended to other fields in mission- 
ary work and in the spread of the gospel. Unfortunately for the numerous beneficiaries, his last will 
and testament was never completed. In this he had made ample provision for charitable and other 
institutions in the Oranges and elsewhere. Had he lived but a few weeks longer his will would have been 
completed and the generous provision which he had made for these objects would have been religiously 
observed by his executors. Notwithstanding his failure, through illness, to carry out fully the noble 
beneficence he had contemplated, the memory of the man and his many acts of kindness and love will 
long remain enshrined in the hearts of the people of this communit)-. Mr. Reed, during his life, gave 
much thought to the great financial problems of the day, and his contributions to the New York 
'J'ri/>iii/f and other papers attracted wide-spread attention. Mr. Reed's deatii occurred April 22, 1S94. 

THE FORT FAMILY. 

J'oger I''ort, the ancestor of the New Jersey family of this name, in his will, signed his name 
Fforte, and it is claimed that the faniil\- is of Welsh descent. The English family of this name, which 
dates back to tiie Concjueror, is spelled Fort. Burke's Peerage, in giving the line of Earl Fortescue, 
says: "This noble family deduces its origin from Sir Richard le Forte, a distinguished soldier in the 
inwidiiig army of William the Conqueror, who protected his royal master at the celebrated battle of 
Hastings, b}- bearing a strong shield before him, from which event the French word rsi/u' (to shield) was 
added to the original surname of J-'or/, and thus Fortescue produced." The motto of Earl Fortescue, 
borne on his Coat of Arms, was: " I*"orte scutum salus ducuni." — " A strong buckler is the safeguard 
of the leaders." liurkc's General Armory gives the Coat Armour of the Fort family of England as: 
Arms. — Quarterly, azure and gules over all a castle or, on a chief argent a bee volant, ppr. between two 
martlets sable. Crest. — ()n a mount vert a lion sejant argent ])ellettee, collared gules holding in his 
dexter paw a cross crosslet fitchee of the last. 

Roger Forte, the ancestor of the New Jersey family of this name, came, probabl}-, from England 
with his wife Anne, between 1696 and 1702, and took Lip a tract of about six hundred and fifty acres 
of land in Burlington Count)-, N.J. lie built for himself a log house in Hanover township, near 
Pemberton, then called New Mills. This land has remained in the family until cjuite recently. He was 
a thrifty, prosperous farmer, \^y liis wife, Anna, he had John, Joseph, Miirmadiikc, Roger, Joan, Edith 
and Esther. 

Marmaduke F'ort, third child of Robert and Anna ( ) I'"ort, was born in the old log house on 

the homestead farm, in 1710. This log house and a subsequent frame one, built by Marmaduke, were 
both burnetl, ami he then built a frame house which, though improved, is still standing. He married, 

first, Mary , who died in 1786; he married second, Mrs. Mary Wells, of Bucks County, I'a. His 

children were all by his first wife. They were Anne. John. William. Elizabeth. Thomas. Both Marma- 
duke and his first wife were buried in the old Baptist cemetery at I'embei t(ni. near the Rancocas Creek. 
The tombstone contains the following inscription : 

" Stay, passengers, see wliere I lye, 
As you are now, so once was I, 
As I am now, so you must be. 
Prepare for death and follow me." 

Jiilin l'"ort, eklest son of .Marniatluke ami Mary ( ) Fort, was born at the homestead, in Pember- 
ton, Sej)teniber 15, 1745. He servetl in the New Jersey State Militia during the War of the Revolution. 
He, with other patriots, helped to supply the American arm\- while they were encamped near Phila- 
delphia. He married Margaret, daughter of Andrew and Mary Heisler. The\- had issue, Susannah, 
Mary, Deborah, Margaret. Aiit/rfu; John and Uaniel. 




JOHN FRANKLIN FORT. 



Till. Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 431 

Andrew I-"oit, fifth child of Juliii aiul Margaret I'Hcislcr) Fort, was born in I'cmbcrton, February 8, 
1787. lie united with the Methodist cluircli wlien he was but fifteen years of age. and led an upright 
Christian life. He was for man\- years a class leader and local preacher in that church. He married 
Nancy Piatt, daughter of Jacob and Latitia I'latt, of Wrightstown. Their children were: C'lor^i- 
Franklin, born June 30, iSog, became Governor of New Jersey; Margaret, born 181 1 ; Sarah Ann, born 
1813; Mary, born 1814; John, born 1816; Jacob IMatt, born 1818; Susan, born 1820; Audnic llcislcr, 
born March 22, 1822; Daniel Adams, born 1826; Caroline, born 1827. 

George Franklin, the eldest son of Andrew Fort, became very prominent in the political affairs of 
the State. He was a member of the Assembly in 1844, of the Senate in 1S45, and was elected Governor 
of the State in 1850 by a majority of 6,000 votes. His contemporaries said of him that he was the 
most popular Governor New Jersey ever had. 

Andrew Ifeisler Fort, seventh child of .\ndrew and Nancy (Piatt) Fort, brother of George Franklin 
l""ort, was born in Pemberton, N. J., March 22, 1822. He is a leader in public affairs in his native 
County of Burlington. He represented his county in the State Legislature in 1866-7, ^nd ''•^^ \\c\i\ 
many public places in local town affairs. He resided upon the homestead of the Forts, originally settled 
in 1696, until a few years since, and was a thrifty farmer. He married H.mnah A. Brown, daughter of 
John HrowM, a prosperous Burlington County f.irmer. Of four children,./!'//;/ l-'ranklin is the eldest. 

Jiiiix I'KWKr.iN Fori", eldest cliild and only son of Andrew II. and Hanna A (Brown) Fort, was 
born at the homestead of his ancestors, in Pemberton, Burlington County, N. J., March 20, 1852. He 
was educated at Mount Holly Institute and Pennington Seminary. He began the study of law with 
Hon. Edward M. Paxson, now Chief Justice of the Supreme Court c)f Pennsylvania, and afterwards with 
Evan Merritt, a leading law)-er of Mount Hcjlly. While a law student with Mr. Merritt, he spent nine 
months in the office of Garret S. Cannon, a well-known lawyer and Prosecuting Attorney of Burlington 
County, afterwards U.S. District Attorney. lie completed his studies at the Albany, (N. Y ) Law 
School, from which he was graduated in 1872 with the degree of L. L. B. He was admitted to the bar 
of New Jersey as an attorney at the November term, in 1873, and as counsellor in 1876. He was 
journal cK rk of the New Jersey Assembly- in 1873 4. lie located in Newark, N. J., in May, 1874, and 
began his career as an attorney. In 187S he was appointed by Gov. George B McClellan, Judge of the 
First District Court of the City of Newark, for five years, and was re-appointed by Gov. George C. 
Ludlow, in 18S3, for an additional term of five years, but resigned in March, ib86, to resume the practice 
of his profession, which "as much more renumerative. He began his political career in 1872 before he 
reached his majoritw and during the (ireelcy presidential campaign of that year he made twenty-seven 
speeches. 

He has been conspicuous in State and local politics for nearly a quarter of a century. He was a 
delegate-at-large from New Jersey to the Republican National Convention, at Chicago, in 1884. He 
has invariably declined to become a candidate for any political office before the people. He was three 
years a member of the Republican State Committee, and was vice-chairman in 1890. He was chairman 
of the Republican State Convention that nominated Gen. Grubb for Governor in 1890. In 1893 he was 
chairman of the Republican State Committee which nominated John W. Griggs for Governor, and he 
was active in and a leader of the great reform upiising in the Stale which followed his nomination and 
resulted in his triumphant election. Judge Fort was appointed by the Governor of New Jersey a 
member of the Constitutional Commission created by the Legislature of 1894, and was active in the 
movement to simplify and reorganize the Courts of the Sta'e. In tlie winter of 1895 he was al.so 
appointed by the Governor for a term of five years, one of the three commissioners to confer with a like 
commission from every State in the Union to bring about a uniform system of laws in the .several States 
on the subjects of insurance, insolvency, wills, marriage and divorce, assignments, oaths, the law of 
negotiable instruments, the e.vemplification of the public records, and kindred questions. Judge Fort 
was a delegate to the Republican National Convention, at St. Louis, in 1S96, and became at once an 
active and prominent figure therein. He was chairman of the important Committee on Credentials, 



432 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

presented its report and sustained it in an able speech in the matter of tlie Texas and Delaware State 
contests. He was selected by the New Jersey dele<^ation to present the name of the Hon. Garret A. 
Hobart as the candidate of that State for \'ice-President, and did so in a speech which has been 
universally commended and was enthusiastically received by the convention, Mr. Hobart being nomin- 
ated. Judge Fort's ability as a platform speaker, as a ready debater in association with the strongest 
men of the country, was demonstrated at St. Louis. A professional associate writes of Judge Fort 
as follows : 

"Admitted to practice as an attorney-at-law at the earliest date which the rules of our court permit 
— twenty-one — Judge Fort's progress in the profession was constant and rapid. Commencing the 
practice of law in the city of Newark, where he had taken his residence just after his admission, with 
no influential frienils or other influences to aid, by his industry and ability, his genial manner and kind 
deportment, he (|uickly attained a standing at the bar which others had been able to secure only after 
long years of patient labor. Of fine personal appearance, with social cjualities of a high order that at 
once attracted friends and secured a large clientage, he proved himself not onl\- a powerful advocate, 
but a clear-headed, well-equipped lawyer, quite as able to instruct the court in questions of law as to 
convince the jury in matters of fact. While his rise in the profession has been rapid, and his success in 
many respects phenomenal, it has proved to be the reward of merit and a just appreciation of real 
worth. Still in the ])rime of life, with rare endowments and abundant opportunity, for him a future of 
great achievement and marked distinction may safely be predicted." 

Judge Fort resided in Newark from the time he began practice until 1889, when he bought his 
present residence, No. 51 Arlington Avenue, East Orange. With his genial nature and social qualities, 
he soon identified himself with his new home. His surroundings were all that could be desired and he 
found here both pleasure and recreation, a relief from the busy cares of professional life, and a home in 
the truest sense of the word. He is a member of the Orange Athletic, the Riding and the Country Clubs ; 
and few people of longer residence have a larger circle of friends and accjuaintances. His professional 
services, always in demand, made him counsel for se\eral local corporations. He assisted in the organi- 
zation of the East Orange National Bank, of which he was at once made counsel, and in July, 1894, he 
succeeded Mr. F. M. .Shepard as President. Since April, 1893, he has been counsel for the township of 
East Orange, lie takes a li\ely interest in all measures for the ])ul)lic good. He is a believer in bene- 
ficial fraternities, being identified with several, but more particularl_\- interested in the American Legion 
of Honor, of which he is the general counsel for the United States. He is a member of Kane Lodge, 
F. & A. M., of Newark. He organized the Security Savings Bank, of Newark, and has been one of its 
managers and its counsel since that date. He was a director in the Manufacturer's National Bank, of 
Newark, for many years ])rior to becoming President of the East Orange National Bank. 

Judge Fort married Charlotte E. Stainsby, daughter of William Stainsb)', of Newark, a man promin- 
ent in State and local affairs, State Senator from 1883 to 1886, for fourteen years a member of the 
Common Council of Newark, and at present the President of the IJoard of Street and Water Commis- 
sioners of the City of Newark. Judge and Mrs. Fort have three children, Margretta, l-'ranklin William 
and Leslie Run\-()n. 

THK WHITTEHORE FAniLY. 

The n.inie of Whiltemore is familiar to the people of this locality thmugli their long intercourse 
with .Samuel Whittemore, one of the oldest architects in the Oranges, as well as through Henry Whilte- 
more, compiler of TllK FoiNDKKS AND BuiI.DKRS OK TIIK Orancks; both are descendants of the same 
American ancestor, though remotely connected. The New England (ri/n-ii/ci^/cd/ Rrj^ish-r (or Ociohcr. 
1878, says: " Earliei- than the year 1 j;oo we fintl the first recorded name, /.<■., John, Lord of Wh\temere, 
having his domicile at W'hytemere, on the northeast side of the parish of Hobbington, in the manor of 
Claverly, in Shropshire. At the present time the same locality bears the name of Whittemore. * * * 
At the present day there is in the parish of Hobbington, in the manor of Ckuerly, Count}' of Salop, 
England, a place spelleil Whit-/-more, which is a modern looking farm-house, which has also been 



Till I'-QUNDERS ANIi HUII.HKRS OK TIIK ORANOKS. 433 

spelled W'iiittcmorc ; and for centuries spelleil with a trisyllable. This locality is in tlic County 
of Salo[), but the greater part of the parish is in Staffordshire. The famil)- of VVhittemore 
has held in fee this place since the signing of the Great Charter at Runnymede, by King John, in 1215, 
and in early times the proprietors were called the " Lords of W'hytemere." 

Thomas Whittemore, the American ancestor, was the son of Thomas Whittemorc, who lived in 
lictchin, and was married in 1566; he died in Hetchin, 1617. Thomas, Jr., was one of the earliest 
settlers of (.'h.ulestown, Mass. He came to this country about 1640. In 1645 he purchased of Rev. 
John Gotten, of Boston, " meadow for two cows' grass." His farm was located in what is now Everitt, 
formerly Maldon, about three miles from Boston. It remained in possession of the Whittemores until 

May I, 1845, over two hundred years. He married Hannah . The children named in his will, 

dated February 8, 1660, are: Thomas, Daniel, Nathaniel, John, Elizabeth, Benjamin, Thomas, Samiit/, 
Pelatiah and Abraham. 

Samuel Whittemore, ninth son of Thomas and Hannah ( ) Whittemore, lived for a time at 

Dover, N. H., and subsequently settled upon a farm in what is now Somervilie, Mass., where he died 

September 15, 1756. He married Hannah . He and his wife were buried at Cambridge, Mass., 

He had nine children, the eldest being Samuel, born December 24, 1672, at Dover, N. H. This Samuel 
died in 1694, antl he had another Sniiiiirl, the ninth anil \-oungest child, born July 27, 1696. 

Samuel Whittemore (3), youngest child of Samuel iij and Hannah ( ) VVhittemore, was born 

July 27, 1696. He was an ardent patriot and served on various important committees at Cambridge, 
during the Revolution, and rendered valuable service. At the age of 80 he fired upon the British on 
their retreat from Lexington, killing two soldiers. He was struck in the face by a bullet, which shot 
away part of his cheek bone. He was mangled by the bayonets of the British soldiers and left for dead. 
He recovered in about four hours, and survived sixteen years. He died Februajy 3, 1793 or 1796. He 
married first, Elizabeth Spring; second, Esther Prentice, and had ten children. His second child, 
Elizabeth, married \\'illiam Cutler, and was the mother of thirty-six children. Thomas was the fifth 
child of Samuel. 

Thomas Whittemore, son of Samuel 13), was born October 29. 1729. He married Ann Cutler, and 
had eleven children: Anna, Thomas, Amos, born April 19, 1759. William, Susanna, Aaron, died soon. 
Aaron again, Rhoda, Lydia, Saiiiiiol, born March 25, 1774, Gersham. 

Amos Whittemore, the third child of Thomas, was the great inventor of the machinery for the 
manufacture of cards for carding cotton or wool, pronounced by Judge Story a "wonderful invention." 
A member of Congress was willing to vote for a perpetual patent, as "it was the only machine ever 
invented that had a soul." 

Samuel Whittemore, brother of Amos, and ninth child of Thomas and Ann (Cutler) Whittemore, 
was born in West Cambridge, March 25, 1774. In 1803, he established a brancli of the card machines 
in New York City, of which he was the manager, and subsequently became a partner with his brothers, 
Amos and William. He sold his interest in 1825, at the e.vpiration of the patent. This machine 
probably added more wealth to the country than any other one invention, and stimulated the great 
increase in the production of cotton which followed. Samuel Whittemore married Jane Hill Tileston, 
and had a son, Charles Roi^'aii. 

Charles Rowan Whittemore, son of Samuel and Jane (Tillestoni Whittemore, was born in New 
York City, in 1S13. He was associated with his father and uncle in the cotton card business, and 
represented the company in New York for many years. He married his second cousin, Clara Whitte- 
more, daughter of Timothy (son of Amos, the inventorV His children were: Saimiel /f'., Clara, 
Charles Harvey, Mary Augusta and William Adrian. 

Samuki. W. Wiiith:mork„ .son of Charles Rowan and Clara Whittemore, was born in New York 
City, March 25, 1839. He received his preparatory course at the public schools, and was graduated at 
the Free Academy, now the College of the City of New York. His first preceptor in architecture was 
Isaac G. Perry, now architect of the capitol at Albany. He was also associated with Thomas R. 



434 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

Jackson and John W. Rich. F"rom 1864 to 1869 he held a civil position in the engineers' department of 
the U. S. Army, at Willet's Point. He was the first resident architect in East Orange, having started 
in 1869. During his residence of more than a quarter of a century, he has designed a large number of 
private, as well as public buildings; among the latter is the Woman's Christian Temperance Union 
building, on Main Street, Orange. Mr. W'hittemore has been for a number of years identified with 
Christ Episcopal Church, East Orange, and has served as Junior Warden and Treasurer for the past four 
or five years. He served seven years as pri\-ate in Company H, Seventh Regiment, N. G. S. N. ^'., and 
is a member of the Seventh Regiment Veterans. Mr. Whittemore married Mary Louisa Clements, 
daughter of Abner Lee Clements, of Matagorda, Texas. Her mother was Mary Louisa Wells, daughter 
of James Wells, of New York City. 

THE HOWE FAMILY. 

The strong religious sentiment which pervades the Oranges has been for more than two hundred years 
an important factor in their de\'elopment. In every decade there has been found leading spirits ready 
to take up the work of their predecessors and push it with vigor and energy. Among those of the last 
decade is George R. Howe, who, for more than a cjuarter of a century, has been a most indefatigable 
worker in the ranks, and prominent in the councils of the Y. M. C. A., and has been equally prominent 
in the church he represents. He comes of a godly ancestry, and his early environments were of a godl)' 
character. His ancestors were not only distinguished for their devotion to the cause of religion, but for 
their intense patriotism and bold and earnest defence of the principles of civil and religious liberty. 

John How, the ancestor of the Marlborough (Mass.) branch of the Howe family, was a son of John 
How, Esq., of Hodinhull, in Warwickshire, England, and connected with the family of Lord Charles 
How. Earl of Lancaster, in the reign of Charles L He came to America and settled first at Watertown, 
Mass., and was at Sudbury in 1639. He settled at Marlborough about 1657, and built a log cabin a 
little to the east of the " Indian planting field," where his descendants lived for many generations. His 
proximity to tiie Indian plantation brought him into direct contact with the natives, with whom he 
lived in frientUy intercourse, and they not only respected his rights, but in many instances made him the 
umpire in cases of difficulty among themselves. He took the freeman's oath in 1640, was selectman 
and marshal in 1642, and was the first white settler in Marlborough, where he died in 16S7. By his 
wife, Mary , he had five sons, of whom Thomas was the fourth. 

Thomas How, fourth son of John and Mary ( ) How, was born June 12, 1656; died February 

16, 1733. He "was a prominent citizen in town, filled the principal town offices, represented the town 
in the General Court, rose to the rank of Colonel in the militia, and was one of his Majesty's Justices 
of the Peace." He took an active part in the early Indian wars, and was in a severe action at Lan- 
caster. He married, first, Sarah Hosmer; second, Mrs. Mary Baron. He had six children, of whom 
Jonathan was the third. 

Jonathan How, third child of Thomas and Sarah (Hosmer) How, was born April 23, 1687: died 
June 22, 1738. He married Lydia Brigham, and had nine children, of whom Bc::alir/ wd.9. the third. 

Bezaleel How. third child of Jonathan and L\-ilia (^^Brigham) How, was born June 19. 1717. He 
married Anna , and had among other children a son, Bccalcel {2). 

Bezaleel Howe (2), son of Bezaleel (1) and Anna ( ) How, was born in Marlborough, Mass., Dec, 

9, 1750. lie was the first to change the spelling of his name to Howe. H.is military record, both before 
and after the Revolution, shows continuous service of over twenty years. Ho enlisted as private in the 
New Hampshire Line, and marched to Boston about three weeks before the battle of Bunker Hill, but 
complained that he "was treated badly, not being brought into action, but held in the reserve." For 
all that he " loaded and fired several times, but the old gun kicked so that it almost dislocated his 
shoulder and caused him to desist." He served throughout the War of the Revolution, and at its clo-^e 
served under General Anthony Wayne in the Western Indian campaign against the Indians. The 
official record of Major Howe shows that lie was commissioned Second Lieutenant, First New 1 lampshire 




GEORGE R. HOWE 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 435 

Regiment, November 8, 1776; wounded at Stillwater ( I'reeman's Farm), N. Y., September 19, 1777; 
First Lieutenant, June 23, 1779, and served to the close of the war; Lieutenant Second U. S. Infantry, 
March 4, 1791 ; Captain, November 4, 1791 ; assigned to Second Sub. Legion, September 4, 1792; 
Major, October 20, 1794; honorably discharged Nov. i, 1796. A certificate from (jcn. Washington, 

dated Ma\- u, 1788, states that "Mr. Howe, late a Lieut, in the New Hampshire Line of the 

Continental Army, was an officer of fair and respectable character; that he ser\ed some part of the last 
year of the war as an au.\iliar\' Lieutenant with my own guard ; that he commanded the escort which 
came with my l)aggage and papers to Mount Vernon at the close of the war, and that in all my acquaint- 
ance with him, I had great reason to be satisfietl with his integrity, intelligence and good disposition." 
Major He/.aleel Howe married, first, Hannah Merritt, October 26, 1787; he married, second, February 15, 
1800, Catharine Moffat, daughter of Rev. John and Margaret (Little) Moffat. Their children were : 
Eliza. George C, Margaret, ./o//;/ Moffat, Oscar, Julia Ann, Catharine, Hezaleel. 

John Moffat Howf;, fourth child of Major Be/.aleel and Catharine (Moffat) Howe, was bor.i Jan. 
23, 1806, at No. 12 Rose Street, New York, whence his father had removed at the close of his army life. 
He became earlj' in life a lay preacher in the Methodist Church, and began a special study of the scrip- 
tures with this end in view, and w-as for many years chaplain in the old New York Hospital, which stood 
on Broadway facing Pearl Street. He engaged in mercantile affairs and continued his religious work at 
the same time. He served in the State Militia as Lieutenant in tiie 255th Regiment. State Infantry, 
and also as Quartermaster of the regiment. He began the study of dentistry in 1826, with the aid of 
the best teachers obtainable in those days, and in 1838 he had achieved a good degree of success. He 
also studied medicine and received the degree of M. D. He instructed a number of young men in 
dentistry, among them his sons, John Morgan Howe, M. D., and Charles M. Howe, D. D. S. Asa 
physician he advocated correct and deep breathing and exercise in the open air ; and rendered import- 
ant service in the perfection of the inhaling tube for diseases of the throat and lungs, and for increasing 
the com[).iss of the voice. Dr. Howe devoted his Sabbaths to religious work, and week-days to the 
practice of his profession. More than fifty years of his life were spent in New York City, where he was 
almost constantly engageil in works of charity and mercy. From 1848 to 1S51 he resitled for a part of 
the year in Orange, where he bought a summer home on Centre Street. In 1853 he removed to Passaic. 
N. J., where he purchased a farm and established a home for himself. Referring to his life here, under 
the head of "Educational," a contemporary writer says : "In 1853 Dr. John M. Howe removed from 
the city of New York to Acquackanonk. He was a man of wealth and influence, and became a large 
land-owner and benefactor of the town. In 1856 he was elected Town Superintendent and President of 
the Board of School Trustees. He procured a vote of the citizens for the raising of §5,000 to erect a 
new school building. This was subsequently defeated, and he then built a private school-house, pri- 
marily for the benefit of his own family, but others, by paying the requisite tuition, were enabled to 
avail themselves of its advantages. This was known as Howe's Academy, and became a noted institu- 
tion and flourished for man\- years. Dr. Howe was recognized as one of the most public-spirited and 
progressive men of his day, and was largely instrumental in laying the foundation of the little village of 
Passaic, which has since become a flourishing city." 

Dr. Howe was three times married; first, to Mary Mason; second, Ann VV. Morgan, September 
14. 1843, who died on the birth of her first child, John Morgan Howe. On May 7. 1846, Dr. Howe 
married Emeline Barnard Jenkins, daughter of Barzellai Jenkins and Susan Barnard. The first named 
was a descendant of Peter Jenkins, who came to this country in 1620. The Barnards trace their ancestry 
to John Carver, of the " Ma\flower." By his last marriage Dr. Howe had issue: (Jior^t^c Kmc/aiii/, Ed- 
win Jenkins, Charles Mortimer, Ella Louise. Emeline Jinkins and Susan Elenora. Dr. Howe died h'eb. 
5, 1885. After his death his children ])ublished a memorial volume, much of which was made up from 
data collected by him during his long and eventful life. 

George Rowland Howe, son of John M. and Emeline B. (Jenkins) Howe, was born in New 
York City, October 21, 1847. His preparatory education was received mostly under a private tutor, 



436 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges 

and he entered the New York University in the class of '68. Deciding to adopt a business career, he 
left college during his sophomore year, and entered the employ of Carter, Hale & Co., manufacturing 
jewelers of Newark, N. J. He won the confidence of his eniplo}-ers. and became thoroughly conversant 
with every part of the business, and in 18/6 was admitted as a partner in the firm of Carter, Ilowkins 
& Sloan, afterwards known as Carter, Sloan & Co. Since 188 1 Mr. Howe has been manager of the 
manufacturing department, and on January i, 1896, the name of the firm was changed to Carter, 
Hastings & Howe. This is not onl}- the oldest, but the largest manufacturing jewelrj- firm in the 
United States, and during the later years of its existence Mr. Howe has contributed in no small degree 
to its success. 

While his business qualifications receive due recognition from his associates and the business public, 
Mr. Howe is best known in connection with the religious interests of Newark and East Orange. On 
coming to Newark he united with St. Paul's M. E. Church, in which he became an acti\e worker One 
year after his advent here, he entered the ranks of the Young Men's Christian Association as a represent- 
ative of his own church. He threw all his energies into the work, and for more than thirteen years has 
labored for its advancement, and thousands of young men have been brought under its influences. It is 
now one of the most successful institutions of the kind in this country, and Mr. Howe had no small 
share in bringing it to its present condition. He was for three years its President, and has been itlenti- 
fied with its Board of Trustees almost from the beginning. 

About 1888 Mr. Howe jjurchased a plot of land on the corner of Arlington and Park Avenues, East 
Orange, and on this erected a handsome villa, which, on account of its admirable architectural features, 
has attracted the attention of the Sciriitijic Aiinriitjii, and led to a favorable notice. Mr. Howe had 
not been long a resident of East Orange before his influence was felt in the religious community; and 
though modest, yet energetic in his endeavors, his light is never " hidtien under a bushel." He united 
with the Calvary M. E. Church, and was sot)n after elected a member of the Board of Trustees, and has 
since been active in promoting its temporal and spiritual interests. Mr. Howe was the prime mover in 
the effort to establish a mission school in I'last Orange, near the Roseville line, in the autumn of 1893. 
The effort was made conjointly between the Roseville M. E. Church, of Newark, and the Calvary M. E. 
Church, of East Orange, but the work was subsequently assumed by the Newark Church E.xtension 
Society. Mr. Howe has been Superintendent of the school since its organization, and under his 
management there has been a steady increase, both in numbers and in interest. 

As a member of the Board of Education of East Orange, Mr. Howe has given attention to the fur- 
ther advancement and progress on lines already established. Nearly his whole time outside of his busi- 
ness is devoteil to the moral, educational and religious ini])rovement of the community where he has 
established his home. 

Mr. Howe married Louisa Anna, daughter of Paris and Jane (Eno) Barber, a distinguished and 
public-spirited citizen of Homer, Cortland Count}-, N. V., and a descendant of Thomas Barber, who 
came from I-^ngland to Dorchester, Mass., in 1635, and settled in Windsor, Conn., 1637. The latter was 
Lieutenant of the first military company of Simsbury, Conn. The line of descent was through Samuel 
Barber, his son, and David (i), David (2), Aaron, Jedediah ; the latter was the father of Paris Barber. 
The issue of the marriage of Mr. Howe and Louisa Barber is: George R., died in infancy; Herbert 
Barber and Ruth Eno. 

THE POTTER FAHILY. 

As a representative of the Potter family in the Oranges, Hon. Henry A. Pottei- has added new 
lustre to a name which has for many generations been associated with some of the most important events 
in English historj-. The Potter famil\- is said to be of Norman origin, the spelling of which was Pottier 
or Porterie. The direct ancestor of Hon. Henry A. Potter was George Potter, an officer of Cromwell's 
army, who accompanied him from I'-nglaiid and was com|)ensated for his serv'iccs by grants of lantl in 




iy-^,- ■ 




HENRY A. POTTER. 



The Founders and liuiujERs oi- the Oranges. 437 

tlie County of Farmanagh. Under the settlement and plantation of 1660 (time of Charles IIj, (ieorge 
Totter was confirmed in the possession of several estates in the above named county, afterwards known 
as Potterstown or Pottersrath. 

In the year 1791, James Potter, a representative of this family, became possessed of property in 
the County of Tyrone. On his death he was succeeded by his son, George Potter, who, by his marriage 
with Ann Scott, left issue, amoni,' other cliildren, 'J'/ioiiias Potter. George Potter removed to tiiis 
country in 1828 and settled in Philadelphia, Pa. 

Thomas Potter, son of George Potter, was born at Relaghquiness, Tyrone County, Ireland, August 
14, 1819; died at Chestnut Hill, Philadelphia, September 29, 187S. He came with his parents to this 
country at the age of ten years, and was educated in Philadelphia. He was for many years a member 
of the City Council of Philadelphia, and as chairman of the Finance Committee was mainly instru- 
mental in the city's acquiring the land now known as West Fairmount Park, and in the establishment 
of the paid fire department. He established, in 1837, the house of Thomas Potter, Sons & Co., one 
of the largest firms of oil cloth manufacturers in the United States. He was President of the City 
National Bank, of Philadelphia, for many years, up to the time of his death. His activity, enterprise 
and sound judgment made him very successful in liis business, and he soon realized a large fortune 
which he employed with great liberality for the benefit of his fellow-men. He held many positions of 
trust and responsibilit\- in the municipal and financial corporations, and left behind him the character of 
a Christian gentleman, remarkable for its purity, uprightness and generosity, without a stain to dim its 
lustre. He was gentle and courteous in his manners, kind and affectionate in his disposition, earnest 
and indefatigable in his efforts to promote the cause of religion and benevolence. Like the centurion 
of old, he built, at his own expense, a church for his neighbors, consisting chiefly of his workmen and 
their families, and was also a munificent contributor to almost every institution of religion and charity. 
1 Ic married Adeline Coleman Bower, daughter of George Bower, who was the son of Gen. Jacob Bower, 
born in Reading, Pa., September, 1757, died in VVomelsdorf, Pa., August 6, 181 8. 

General Bower was a distinguished officer of the Revolutionary War. The official records show 
that he was Quartermaster in Capt. George Nagle's Conijiany, Col. Thompson's Rifle Battalion. J une 
-5- '775- This company marched from Reading, Pa., to Cambridge, Mass., and took part in the battles 
of Bunker Hill and Lachmer's Point, for which they were publicly thanked by Washington in general 
orders, dated November 10, 1775. He was Lieutenant in hirst Pennsylvania Regiment, Continental 
Line, January 18, 1776; Captain I'ennsylvania Inlying Camp, Continental Line, 1776; Captain Si.xth 
Pennsylvania Regiment, February 15, 1776; Captain Second Pennsylvania Regiment, January 1, 
17S3, to the close of the war, being then twenty-five years of age. He was one of the officers who, 
on May 13, 1783, in the Cantonment of the Hudson River, formed the general Society of the Cin- 
cinnati. He was an original member of the Pennsylvania Society of the Cincinnati, which convened 
in Philadelphia, October 4, 1783. His son. Dr. Henry Bower, succeeded to the membership in 1823, and 
his grandson, Dr. William Bower, in 1845. Gen. liower was one of the five delegates appointed by the 
Pennsylvania Society of the Cincinnati to the first meeting of the General Society of the Cincinnati, 
held from May 4 to May 18, 1784, in Philadelphia, (ien. Washington in the chair. It was at this .session 
that the rejily was prepared and signed by Washington, as President, and issued to the people of the 
United States, setting forth that the Cincinnati Society was not an aristocratic military order, but an 
organization formed by the officers of the Revolution for the purposes of keeping in memory the 
principles for which they fought, the privations which they suffered, and also to provide for the comfort 
of the widows and orphans of American officers left in destitute circumstances. In the War of 1812, 
Capt. Bower was appointed by Governor Snyder, of Pennsjivania, Brigadier General, commanding First 
Brigade, Sixth Division, Pennsylvania Regiments. 

The children of Thomas and Adeline (Bower) Potter were: George, born August 7, 1846, died 
October 4, 1876; Margaret, born July 16, 184S, died November 23, 1854; Thomas, Jr., born July 12. 
1850; a man prominent in public affairs in Philadelphia, also in State military affairs; Ass't Ouarter- 



438 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

master-General on Gov. Bean's and Gov. Hastin<^s' staff; William was Minister to Italy, appointed by 
President Harrison and completed his term under President Cleveland, and represented the United 
States at the International Postal Congress, in Vienna, May, 1891 ; Margaret, again, born December 12, 
1854, married Stcplicii J. Meeker, of Newark, a descendant of one of tlie " Elizabethtown Associates;" 
llciiry Albert, born Dec. 19, 1856; James Bower, born Nov. 2, 1858; Charles A., born Oct. 4, i860. 

Hon. Hknry AiiiEKT Poiter, si.xth child of Thomas and .Adeline Coleman (Bower) Potter, was 
born in Philadelphia, Pa., Dec. 19, 1856. He pursued his preparatory studies at the Friends' Central 
High .School, PhiladLl[)hia, and entered the University of Pennsylvania with the class of '■;■], but left at 
the eiul of his sophomore year and joined the class of '" at Lafayette College, where he graduated 
with the degree of B. S. He was a member of the Sigma Chi I"raternity. He soon after entered his 
father's factory and began, the same as his father did, to learn the business, so as to fit him for the 
position which he was likely to assume in the near future. He worked his way up, step by step, and 
when he was fully qualified to take charge he was appointed superintendent, and in 1879 he was received 
into the firm as a partner. The following year he established the New York branch, the business of 
which has steadily increased under his management, notwithstanding the sharp competition of old and 
long established houses which he had to contend with. He built up a local trade second only to that 
of the parent house. Mr. Potter settled in East Orange the same year that he established business in 
New York, and purchased the Reune Martin place at 95 Harrison Street. He expended a large amount 
in external and internal improvements. 

Mr. Potter soon became interested in local politics and gradually his influence extended throughout 
the State, and he is at the present time recognized as one of the strongest men in the Republican party. 
While participating in every movement for the advancement of party interests he is in no sense a 
I)olitician according to the modern acceptation of the term. His ])()sitic)n is always clearly defined and 
his course straightforward and upright. He has ne\'er been known to resort to any irregular means to 
advance party ends. His entrance into public life began in 18S5, when he was elected to the State 
Legislature. It was during the height of the labor agitation, and he had the combined elements of the 
Democratic and the Labor parties against him ; the district then included Orange and East Orange. 
Under the circumstances he was elected by a fair majority. His course in the Legislature was manly 
and upright and exceedingly gratif)'ing to his constituents, lie introduced and carried through two 
important measures relating to his own township, viz., the division of East Orange into wards, and the 
organization of the Board of Education. Mr. Potter declined the nomination for a second term 
tendered him by his part)-, not only as a matter of precedent, but because they believed him to be the 
best and strongest man to represent his district. Mr. Potter has been liberal in his donations to the 
party for legitimate expenses, but for no other purpose. In 188S Mr. Potter was a delegate to the 
National Convention which nominated Benjamin Harrison ; and after the election, in which Mr. Potter 
took a prominent pait, he was offered the position of Secretary of Legation, at Berlin, b\- Hon. William 
Walter Phelps, which he declined. He has made frequent trips to Washington on behalf of the oil 
cloth manufacturers, to protect their interests. 

Mr. I'dtter's efforts in behalf of Orange have been by no means limited to politics, but whatever 
concerns the public good or advances the welfare of the people, whether educational, religious or social, 
he can always be depended on to do his full share. He was one of the originators of the Orange 
Athletic Club, anil was one of its governors; he also assisted in the reorganization and rebuilding of the 
()rangeClub. 1 le is a member of the Country Club and other social orgatiizations. Of his ])ersonal 
traits, to which his success in life is due, much might be said with truthfulness. Heredity ami en\iron- 
ment iiave played an equal part. .Mr. Potter is a man of sound sense and practical wisdom in all that 
relates to the e\ery-daj- concerns of life. He is pleasant and unaffected in manner, entertaining in 
conversation, frank and generous with all whom he encounters in business or social intercourse. His 
personal qualities insure to him great popularity, while his public services entitle him to the respect and 
confidence of the communitj-. 




HENRY H. HALL 



The Founders and Bhilpers of the Oraxces. 439 

He married, 011 April 9, 1S79, ■^''='^ Frances Green, daughter of Justice Henry Green, of the 
Supreme Court of Pennsylvania. He was the son of Enoch, son of John, son of Richard (2), son of 
Richard (i), son of William, the ancestor, who left England at an early age and landed at Philadelphia. 
He soon after visited Long Island and there became acquainted with John Ruder, whose sister or 
daughter he married, and removed to Ewing township about 1700. He purchased 345 acres of Col. 
Daniel Coxe, the deed bearing date 1712, and on it erected the first brick house in the township, which 
is still standing, having on the west end the date 1717. His qualities were such as to give him distinc- 
tion, for he was appointed the first Judge of Hunterdon County, N. J., and from the frecpicnt mention 
of his name in public office, he was evidently a prominent and useful citizen. John Green, the great- 
grandfather of Mrs. Potter, .served in the Revolutionary War, in the First and Second Battalions, of 
Salem, also State troops, also Continental Army. The mother of Mrs. Henry A. Potter was Anna 
Hulsizer, daughter of Daniel llulsizcr and Christiana Hummer. I3aniel was the son of Christopher, 
son of Martin Hulsi/.cr, who came from (iciniany about 1750, ant! located firsi at Phillipsburg and later 
resided at different points along the Musconctcong Creek. His sons were Christopher, Jacob, Valentine 
and John Martin. 

THE MALL FAHILY. 

Represented by Henry Harrington Hall. 

The />os//!:r line of ancestry of Henr\- H. Hall is from Daniel, of Marshfield, Mass., supposed to be 
a son of John, a direct descendant of William Hall. 

William Ilall ( i ) was one of a list of fifty-nine persons who, in 1638, were admitted inhabitants of 
an island on the coast of Rliode Island, now called Aqucdunt. He was an inhabitant of Newport, R. I., 
in 1639; was on the list of freeman of Portsmouth in 1655. In 1673 he was appointed as a committee 
for the purpose of treating with the Indians about drunkenness, and to prevent, if possible, the excess of 
this vice, which had become so prevalent among them. The children named b\- William Hall in his 
will were: Zurill, W'i/liatit (2), Benjamin, Elizabeth, Rebecca, Deliverance. 

William Hall (2), son of William (i), was born in 1670. He married Alice, daughter of John Tripp, 
of Portsmouth, and had ten children, of whom Prcscr't'cd wd^s the second. 

Preserved Hall, second child of William (2) and Alice (Tripp) Hall, was born in Portsmouth, Aug. 
29, 1675. He married Elizabeth Vaughn, in North Kingston, R. I. Their children were: John, born 
1732; George, Robert, Caleb, Mary, David, Dorcas. 

John Hall, eldest child of Preserved and Elizabeth (Vaughn) Hall, was born August 10, 1732. He 
married Hannah, daughter of Captain Jonathan Matterson, who resided in West Greenwich. Their 
children were : Phebe, born 1756; Oliver, born 1758; Solomon, born 1761 ; John, born 1764; Hannah, 
born 1766; Daniel, born March 19, 1770. 

Daniel Hall, supposed to be the son of John and Hannah (Matterson) Hall, was born March 19, 
1770. He resided in Marshfield, Mass., and was a teacher of navigation in a colonial college. He 
married Polly P'iske, a descendant of John Fiske, who settled at W'atcrtown, Mass., about 164S, and 
took the oath of fidelit\- in 1(152. Daniel Hall had, among other children, a son George. 

George Hall, son of Daniel and Polly (Fiske) Hall, was born in Cohasset, Mass., in 1792, and after- 
wards removed to Boston, where for some years he was a well-known builder and later a survej-or. He 
married Mary P'iske Harrington, daughter of Peter Harrington, a descendant of Robert, the ancestor. 

Robert Harrington's name is the last on the list of the proprietors of Watertown. Mass., 1642. He 
owned a hamstall, given him by Thomas Hastings. His inventory names sixteen lots of land, amount- 
ing to 642^ acres. He was admitted a freeman May 27, 1663. He married, October i, 1649, Susanna, 
daughter of John (ieorge, and had i.ssue twelve children, among whom was George. 

George Harrington, son of Robert and Susanna (George) Harrington, was born November 24, 1655. 
He was a soldier and was killed by the Indians at Lancaster, February 10, 1676. He married Su.-;anna 
, and had a son, Edioard. 



440 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

Edward Harrington, son of George and Susannah ( ) Harrington, was burn March 2, 166S. He 

married and had a son, Xatkanicl. 

Nathaniel Harrington, son of Edward, was born in Watertown. June 25, 1706. He graduated at 
Harvard College, and was known as " Master Harrington." He marrieil Mary Kimball, wlio died in 
1760; he married, second, in 1762, Mary Clarke, By his first wife he had a son, Peter. 

Peter Harrington, son of Nathaniel and Mary (Kimballj Harrington, was born in Watertown, May 
4, 1752. He married, in 1775, Anna Hammond, and had issue, Samuel, Nathaniel, Peter (2). 

Peter Harrington (2), son of Peter (i) and Anna (Hammond) Harrington, was born Decembers, 
1782. He married and had a daughter, Mary Fiske, wife of George Hall. 

Henrv Harrixgtox Ham,, son of George and Mary Fiske (Harrington) Hall, was born in Boston, 
Mass., May 16, 1846. He began his business career as clerk in the Boston office of the Home Fire 
Insurance Comp my. He came to New York in 1867 and was for some years Secretary of the National 
Fire Insurance Co. Subsequently he was appointed branch manager of the Northern Insurance Co., of 
London, which position he resigned in April, 1889, and formed, with W. W. Henshaw and E. K. Beddell, 
the firm of Hall & Henshaw, of New York, and Goodwin, Hall & Henshaw, of Chicago, now represent- 
ing the Union, of London, and several other foreign and American companies. He was President of 
the New York Board of Fire Underwriters in 1886-7, and later President of the Underwriter's Salvage 
Company. He is one of the best known underwriters in this country, and a recognized authority on all 
matters pertaining to fire insurance. During the latter part of the Civil War Mr. Hall served as private 
in Company C. Forty-Second Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers, and was with Sheridan in the 
Shenandoah Valley. 

Mr. Hall has been a resident of the State of New Jersc\- for upwards of twelve years; five years 
of this was spent in Upper Montclair. Since his removal to East Orange, in 1S88, he has won the 
esteem of his fellow-citizens by his efforts in behalf of good government and the promotion of religious, 
social and benevolent affairs of the township. He was a trustee in the First Presbyterian Church, of 
East Orange, and one of the most earnest and indefatigable workers in tlie movement which led to the 
organization of the Arlington Avenue Presbyterian Church. He was the fir.st chairman of its Board of 
Trustees and served until the completion of the undertaking and the extinguishment of the church 
debt. His influence is equally felt in the affairs of the township, in social gatherings, and in fact every- 
thing that pertains to the happiness, comfort and well-being of his neighbors. Though of a quick, 
nervous temperament, he is genial, frank, open and free-hearted. He is a member of the Country Club, 
the Athletic Club, of the Oranges, and the Down Town Club and New England Society, of New York. 

Mr. Hall married, first, Abby Goodwin, daughter of Sylvester Goodwin, of Elliot, Maine, a descend- 
ant of Ozias, born in England about 1596, one of the first settlers of Hartford, Conn. The name is 
derived {xom i^tida — good, and r.'////— friend, /. e., good friend. The issue of this marriage was Harring- 
ton, Goodwin and Robert Lincoln. The latter name was given in remembrance of Mr. Hall's grand- 
mother, who was the niece of Gen. Lincoln, of Revolutionary fame. Mr. Hall married, second, Emma 
TwitchcU, daughter of Dr. Henry Twitchell, of Brooklyn, formerly of Whitehall, N. Y. By this 
marriage there is one child, Henry Twitchell. 

THE ATWOOD FAMILY. 

Stephen Atwood, the ancestor of the Cape Cod family of this name, .settled at Plymouth not later 
than 1643. His name first appears on the roll at Plymouth among those liable to military duty. 
He was one of the founders of Eastham, on the east side of Cape Cod Bay, nearly opposite Plymouth. 
The place is now known as Wellsfleet. The Atwood homestead stood near the spot where the 
exploring party of the Pilgrims had their first encounter with the Indians, previous to the landing at 
Plymouth. Stephen Atwood married Abigail Dunham, daughter of John, at Plymouth, November 16. 
1644. Among other chiUlrcn he had Eldad, born about 1654. 



Till. Founders and IUhlders ok tiiic Oranges. 441 

I'Jdad Atwood, soil of Stephen aiul Aliigail Atwood, was born at Eastliani, about 1654. lie 
married Anna Snow, daughter of Mark, February 14, 1683, and had children: Mary, born November, 
1684; John, born August 10, 1686; Anne, born January, i6S8; Deborah, born March, 1690; Sarah, born 
April, 1692; Fldad. born July 9, 1695; Fbenezer, born March, 1697; Henjamin, born June, 1701. 

John Atwood. son of Eldad and Anna (Snow) Atwood, was born in the town of Easlham, August 
10, 1686. He married Tliankful VVilliamson. September 28, 1719. Their children were: William, born 
April 14, 1721 ; Mary, born Februan,' 15, 1723; John, born September 25, 1725; Thankful, born May 28, 
1727; Ephraini, bom Maich 9, 1728; Timotliy, born July 5, 1731 ; Simeon, born November 3, 1733. 

Timothy Atwood, son of John and Thankful (Williamson) Atwood was born at Fastham, July 5, 
1731. He married Susannah Harding, of Chatham, Mass., a descendant, probably, of Fdward Harding, 
one of the first settlers and original proprietors of Dedham, Mass. The children of Timothy and 
Susannah (Harding) Atwood were: David, born August 24. 1758; Susannah, born July 20, 1760: 
John, born October i 1, 1765 ; Deborah, born January 20. 1792 ; Harding, born Januaiy 7, 1796. Timothy 
Atwood died December 24, 1820, aged 89 

David Atwood was born at Eastham, August 24, 1758. He was the son of Timothy and Susanna 
(Harding) Atwood. He served in Captain Winslow Lewis' Company in the War of the Revolution. 
lie was a seafaring man, as were most of the people of that localiiw He married, April g, 
1781. Susannah Newcomb, daughter of William Newcomb, a descendant of Francis Newcomb, 
who came from Braintree, England, on the ship "Planter," in 1635, and was one of the original 
proprietors of Braintree, Mass. The children of David and Susannah (Newcomb) Atwood were: 
Timothy, born November 7, 1782, lost at sea, August 27, 1807; Amaziali, born September 25. 1784; 
Hannah, born September 29, 1786, married John T,. Daniels; David, born January 25. 17S9; William 
Newcomb, born August 12, I79i,and died in infanc\-; William Newcomb, born December 12. 1792; 
Vashti Cole, born October 3, 1795, married Joseph S. Rich, of Mero; Susannah Harding, born Novem- 
ber 22, 1797, married Jesse W. Lewis; Joshua, born September 28. 1800. still living; Mehitabel Mayo, 
born December 5, 1802, married Edmund Hawes; Timothy, born December i, iSog. 

Amaziah Atwood, son of David and Susanna (Newcomb) Atwood, was born at Wellfieet, (set off 
from the town of Eastham. in 1763,) September 25, 1784. He was a sea captain, and made "deep- 
water" voyages. He was interested in shipping, and had, besides, landed interests. He afterwards 
removed to Southboro, Mass., w licre he died March 22, i860. He married Sally Snow, of Truro, 
daughter of Sylvanus, September 8, 1808, and had issue: Eunice, born June 13, 1809, married Henry 
A. Holbrook; Sarah, born February 28, 1815, married David Cole (2); Amaziah, born February 28. 
1818, died in infancy; Francis Atnaziali, born Januaiy 31, 1821 ; and four others, died in infancy. 

Francis Amaziah Atwood, son of Amaziah and Sally (Snow) Atwood, was born at Wellfieet. Ma.ss., 
January 31, 1821. He went to Boston as a young man, where he carried on business for some years, 
and died in Chelsea, Mass., September 11, 1851. He married Mary Snow, daughter of Samuel Snow, 
whose name originally was Salvator Sebate y Morel, a native of Villa Sec, Spain. He came to this 
country in childhood, and was adopted by Captain Ephraim Snow, of Cohasset, Mass., whose name he 
took. He was master of a ship and was lost at sea. The mother of Mary Snow was Betsy Pratt. The 
children of Francis A. and Mary (Snow) Atwood were : Edward Stanley, born December 5, 1842 ; Sarah 
Elizabeth, born August 6, 1845, 'J'ed young: ALiry Frances, born January 5, 1848. and Horace Frank- 
lin, born February 5, 1850. 

Eli\v.\ui> Stanley At\vo(id, son of Francis and Mary (Snow) Atwood, was born in Boston, Mass., 
Decembers, 1842. He was prepared for college at Kimball Union Academy, and was graduated at 
Williams' College in 1863, and took his degree of A. ^L three years later. His early business career be- 
gan in a large shipping-house in Boston. He came to New York City in 1869, and since then has been 
engaged in the copper and metal business. He was one of the early members of the Maritime A.ssocia- 
tion, popularly known as the Maritime Exchange, and was its President from 1S92 lo 1895. Since then 
he has been Supt. of Docks, in the Dock Department of New York City, where he now resides. 



442 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



Durin^f tlic first years of his business life, Mr. Atwood was a resident of Brooklyn, where he was 
well known in religious and Masonic circles. He was connected with the Second Presbyterian Church, 
since united with Dr. Van Dyke's Church. He was one of the most active members of Montauk 
Lodge No. 286, F. & .\. .M., and served two years as Worshipful Master, besides filling other important 
positions. He moved to East Orange in 1873, and for more than twenty years has been identified with 
the religious and public interests of the township. He purchased the property which he still owns, at 
289 William Street, and subsequently purchased adjoining property on both sides. He erected two 
attractive cottages and made other improvements. He sold to the trustees of the Methodist Church the 
property on which the Calvary Methodist parsonage now stands. 

Mr. Atwood is well-known as a public-spirited citizen, who has always interested himself in the 
affairs of the township, and in its growth and prosperit\-. He was one of the most active in the move- 
ment, and was chairman of the committee a[)p()inteil 
b)- the citizens of the township to raise funtls for the 
purchase of the propeity on which the Ea>t Orange 
depot of the D., L. & W. R. R. now stands, one of 
the most important improvements ever made in this 
locality. He was a charter member of Ashland II. 
& L. Co., No. I, the parent organization of the ex- 
cellent P'ire Department of East Orange, and was its 
first and only Treasurer u[) to 1895. 

In his church relations, Mr. Atwood has been 
identified with the First, or what is known as the 
Munn Avenue Presbyterian Church. He served 
nine years as an elder of the church, and was six 
}-ears Superintendent of the Sunday-school, and has 
been more or less identified with all the measures 
which ha\-c resulted in the [jrescnt material pros- 
perity- (if the church. 

Mr. .Atwood married, September 19, 1871, Mary 
V.., daughter nf Daniel T. Le\-erich, of Brooklyn, a 
descendant of Rev. William Le\'erich, who landed 
at Salem, Mass , in 1633, and afterwards settled at 
Sandwich, Mass. lie was leader of the colony 
which landed at 0\-ster Bay, L. I., in i'')33, ami 
after successful labors there and at Huntington, was 
scttleti as pastor of the church at Middleling, now 
Newton, L. I. His descendants have been promin- 
ng Island for more than two lunulred years. Daniel T. 

His wife was a direc 




Kl>WAKIl SIANl.l-.V AlUOOIl. 



ently identified with the [)ublic affairs of 

Leverich, referred to, is Financial Secretary of the Society of Old l^rooklynites 

tor and acti\'elv interested in \-arious bene\olcnt organizations in Bmoklvn. 



THE DILL FAHILY. 

Rev. James Horton Dill, youngest child of James Dill and Ruth Cushing Dill, was born in Ply- 
mouth, Mass., January 1, i8ji. He was educated at Vale College and Seminary, entered the ministry 
in Winchester, Conn., where he .served six years, and afterward settled in Spencerport, N. V. He began 
there a systematic work of visiting the entire region round about, with a view to awaken a popular 
interest in the faith and order of the Pilgrims, and chiefly through his indirect agency the large and 
influential Plymouth Church of Rochester, was organized, and their edifice built. He delighted to make 
journeys at his own ex[)ense and suggestion, as a general missionary of the gootl cause. Or.e of his 




JAMES B. DILL. 



TiiK Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 443 

cnnteinpdian'cs -^aiil of him : " Mr. Uill lias done more to cstalilisli Con^rcjjational cluirches in Western 
New York than any otlur ni.in in twenty years." He remained in Spencerport nearly eight years, and 
finally removed to Chicago and became the pastor of the South Congregational Church, when, after a 
three years' occupancy of the pulpit, ho offered his services to the Army of the Republic. During his 
pastorate he was long the correspondent of the New York Indcpcndcut, writing under the ttoin ,{c f<lutiic 
of " Puritan." 

Soon after the breaking out of the war he joined the "Railroad Regiment." from Illinois, and died 
in the service of his country. " Pilgrim," the Chicago correspondent of the New \'ork htdtpiiuiitit. said 
of him: "Your friend and my predecessor. Rev. J. 11. Dill, has fallen in the .service of his country. It 
was from motives of patriotism that he entered the army, having said to the writer that he 'could nut 
bear to have the war come to an end without having had a hand in it.' Just before Korefathers" Day 
he was sent home on business of the regiment and was here taken sick, the seed of the disease having 
been planted in camp life. But as his leave of absence was wearing aw.i)-, he started back, and at 
Louisville was ordered home as unfit for service. Back again, his disease became more malignant. 
Meantime, there came the report of the battU- at Murfreesboro, in which his division was engaged. He 
was very resti\e from a desire to get back, and when the news came that his regiment had suffered much, 
he would resist no longer. He feared his men would think he was staying away unnecessarilv. He 
started for Louisxille where he took the ' Lady Franklin ' for Nashville, and died on boaid, Jan. 14. near 
the destination of the boat. A gentleman from this city, who had gone down to look after a wounded 
son, took the remains in charge to bring home, but as yet he had not arrived, the son having come on 
before with the tidings. W\'. Dill seems to have had a rare preparatioi\ of late for his great change. 
Just before his .icceptance of the Chaplaincy he came into the prayer-meeting and said that it was a 
more serious business than he had supposed, to enter the army. The arranging of his business and 
domestic affairs, as though he might not come back, he said, had led him to a self-examination and to a 
new consecration to Christ, and now he had great peace and joy in him. He wrote back to his associate 
correspondent for the Independent : ' I am walking with God every day, and it is all the sweeter to walk 
with Him when so few around me are companions in that way.' His last line to his wife, written the 
Sabbath evening before his death, was: 'Do not be concerned about me; only pray that I may come 
into///// communion with the mind and heart of Christ.' The lad}- who took care of him on the boat 
reports, as we might ha\'e expected, that his death was triumphant. .Mr. Dill will be greatly missed by 
the ministers of the Puritan churches here. In their ministers' meetings, he alwaj-s had some sprightly 
original thoughts. He was almost utterly devoid of an\-thing like censoriousncss or sectarianism. He 
was a true and good man." 

Mr. Dill was one of the most earnest antl useful nun in the Congregational denomination, either 
East or West. His efforts for the building of new cluirches, his practical usefulness in conventions, 
councils and committees, his industrj' in gathering the statistics of the ilenoniination, his constant, 
unremitting services in the general cause of Congregationalism, made him one of the staunchest pillars 
of the Western churches. He was a man of vigorous mind and body, energetic will, genial disposition, 
ever ready to do a kindness, shrinking from no labors, excellent in council and possessing a rare abilit\- 
for organization and administration. Mr. Dill married Catharine, daughter of Capt. Jeremiah Brooks, 
of Cheshire, Conn., born 1792, son of Enos Brooks, who, in the War of the Revolution, was Corporal of 
Second Company, Seventh Connecticut Regiment, commanded by Col. Charles Webb. Enos was the 
son of Enos (i), son of Thomas, son of Henry Brooks, who, with his brother John, came from England 
and settled in the New Haven Colony about 1670. The children of Rev. James 11. and Catherine 
(Brooks) Dill were, /an/es Brindcs Dill and Re\'. .\rthur Cushing Dill. 

J.VMES Brooks Dim., eldest child of James Horton and Catharine (Brooks) Dill, was born in 
Spencerport, Monroe County, N. Y.. July 25, 1854. He was four years of age when his parents removed 
to Chicago, where he remained until the death of his father, in 1862, wiien he removed to New Haven, 
Conn. In 186S he went to Oberlin, Ohio, where, after a three years' preparatory course, he entered the 



444 The P-qunders and Builders of the Oranges. 

freshman class of Oberlin College He left there to enter the freshman class in Yale, in 1872, and was 
graduated in 1876. He taught in Samuel Clement's school, in Philadelphia, and at the same time 
he studied law with a noted equity lawyer, E. Copes Mitchell. Mr. Uill came to New York in 1877 and 
was an instructor in Stevens Institute, at Hoboken, and at the same time entered the senior class of the 
University Law School, graduating in 1878 as salutarian of his class, with the degree of I.. L. H., and 
was admitted to the bar of New York the same year. He began practice at once, but it was up-hill 
work. He made a study of corporation law, intending to make this a specialty whenever an opening 
should present itself. In the meantime he gave his attention to general practice. In 1878 the com- 
mercial agency of McKillop, Sprague & Co., then one of the larger commercial agencies, failed with 
liabilities in the millions, and as the directors had omitted to file their annual statements, they were 
sued by the creditors, being severally liable for all the debts of the compan\-. 

One client placed his case in the hands of Mr. Dill, belie\'ing it was a hopeless one. The other 
directors defended, some denying their debts and others their directorship. All these defenses failed 
for the reason that the facts were against them. .\11 were held personally liable and became insolvent 
by reason of the judgment against them, ainong whom was John G. Tappen, of Boston. Mr. Dill 
dela\ed the trial of his case until after the other actions had been tried, and then raised the point 
that b)' reason of a subsequent amendment the statute was iiu'alid, and on this point was success- 
ful. His client, a man of means, escaped without liability, and died recently leaving a large estate, of 
which Mr. Dill was the e.xecutor, while the co-directors have never since been able to hold a dollar of 
property in their own name, and some died in poverty. This was the turning point in the career of Mr. 
Dill. As business increased he took as partner Mr. Louis A. Chandler, forming the firm of Dill & 
Chandler. In 1884 he added Mr. Frederick Seymour to the partnership, under the firm name of Dill, 
Chandler & Seymour. Mr. Chandler retired in 1894. Frederick R. Kellogg taking his place, the firm now 
being Dill, Seymour & Kellogg. Mr. Dill's practice has continued along the line of corporation law and 
organization. He has been engaged in many large organizations, which have taken place of late years, 
and in a number of which he has been leading counsel. His firm is recognized as able and strong, as 
the successful i.ssue in the trial of many of the important cases attest. 

Before his marriage, in 1880, Mr. Dill resided in New York City. Subsequently he selected a home 
on Harrison Street, luist ()range, not far from the original homestead of Nathaniel Harrison, in whose 
honor the street was named. He was one of the incorporators of the People's Bank, of which he has 
been a director and counsel from the beginning. He also organized the Savings Investment and 
Trust Company, of which he at once became and still continues \'ice-Presitlent and director. He is a 
member of several local clubs and societies. He organized the Corporation Trust Conipan\', of New 
Jerse)-. and has been chairman of the ENecutive Committee and counsel for the company since its organ- 
ization. He is a director in the Seventh National Bank, of New York City, the New England Street 
Railway Compan}-, of Boston, the .Vmerican School of .Architecture, at Rome, and man\- other corpor- 
ations. While a resident of New York Mr. Dill was connected with Dr. Hall's church, and has been 
counsel for the Loan and Relief Association, which has charge of the charitable work of that church, 
since 1879. O" coming to East Orange he unitetl with the Brick Church, of which he has served as 
trustee and Treasurer for three successive years. Mr. Dill was married, in 1880, to Mary \V. Hansell, 
daughter of Standish Hansell, a prominent merchant of Philadelphia. Thej- ha\e three daughters. 

THE GATES FAMILY. 

Of the fifteen members who have filled the office of President of the New England Society, Isaac 
E. Gates is the first, as far as known, to represent "the land of steady habits," and to bear on his 
escutcheon the motto of his native state, " Oui transtulit sustinet." It is fitting that, in closing a 
history of this localit}-, covering a period of two hundred and thirty years — 1666- I Sg6— that the State 
of Connecticut, from whence the Founders of the Oranges came, should be thus represented. 

Stephen Gates (i), the founder of this branch of the Gates family in America, was the son of 




ISAAC E. GATES. 



Thk Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 445 

riinmas Gates, of Norwicli, Norfolk County, Eni,'lancl. He came to Hoston, Mass., in 1638, in the ship 
•' Dilli'jent," with liis wife and two sons, Stephen and Simon, and a dau<jlUer, Eii/abetli. He settled 
first at Hin<;ham ami removed thence to Nashaway (Lancaster), in iC>33, and became one of the larjjest 
proprietors of the town, and was one of the petitioners for its incor|)oration, in 1654. He removed to 
Cambridge, where he dictl in 1(1114, lie left five children, three born in England and two in Lancaster. 

Stephen (jates (3), son of Stephen (i). was born in Norwich, England, and came with his father to 
this country, lie married Sarah, tlaughter of George Woodward, about 1664. He resided in and near 
Boston. He had among other children a son, Tlioiiias. 

Thomas Gates (0, son of Stephen and Sarah ( Woodward) (jates, was born in Boston, December 31, 
1669. hi early manhood he removed to that part of Norwich, Conn , now known as I'reston. The 
names of Stephen ami Tlu)mas are mentioned in the records of Preston as early as 1720. Thomas Gates 
married Margaret Geer and had a son, Tliouias. 

Thomas Gates (2), son of Thomas (i) and Margaret (Geerj Gates, was born in I'reston about 1709. 
He inherited from his father the homestead which was owned and occupied by four generations of the 
family. He married Elizabeth Mitchell, of the adjoining town of Norwich. They had among other 
children, a son, Cyrus, born in 1753. 

Cyrus Gates (1), son of Thomas and Elizabeth (Mitchell) Gates, was born in Preston, Conn., in 1753. 
In the War of the Revolution, among the names of the "Officers and Soldiers in the 3d militia Company 
in the town of Preston, & inhabitants of %^ town," appears the name of Corporal Cyrus Gates. He 
married Ruth Rockwell, and lived at the homestead in Preston. They had a son, Cyrus. 

Cyrus Gates (2), son of Cyrus (1 ) and Ruth (Rockwell) Gates, was born at Preston, July 12, 1784. 
He married Patty Hewitt, September 5. 1813. She was a descendant of one of the numerous Huguenot 
families that fled from France to Holland after the revocation of the Edict of Nantes, and eventually 
found a lefuge in this cnuntr\-. Of the children of Cyrus and Patty (Hewitt) Gates, Isaac liihviu was 
the )-oungest. Most of the members of this br.inch of the Gates famil\- have been engaged in agri- 
cultural pursuits. 

IS.A.AC Ed\VIX Gates, youngest son of Cyrus (2) and Patt\- ( Hewitt) Gates, was born at Preston, 
Conn., January 2, 1833. Like Cincimiatus, of old, as well as his own ancestors, his first lessons in the 
practical duties of life were learned while following the plow, and as a little child he was taught to 

repeat the lines : 

" He who by the plow would thrive. 
Himself must either hold or drive." 

He began to "dri\e" when but five years of age, and took his place between the plow handles as soon 
as he was tall enough to hold them. His rudimentary knowledge of books was obtained at the district 
school, the sessions of which were limited to the five winter months. He was naturally studious and 
ambitious, and with these limited advantages he was able, at the age of seventeen, to pass the requisite 
examination, and ipialified as a teacher. He taught during the winter months, the remainder of the 
time attending to the duties of the farm. Early in life he decided to enter the ministry, having united 
with the Baptist church in his native town at the age of thirteen. He alternated between farm work 
and teaching for four years, and then entered the Connecticut Literar)- Institution, at Suffield, where, 
during the latter part of his course, he acted as assistant teacher, continuing his studies and keeping up 
with all of his classes. He entered the sophomore class at Madison— now Colgate — University, in 1S55, 
graduating as valedictorian of his class in 1858. After completing his collegiate studies, he entered the 
Hamilton Theological Seminary, taking the full two years' course, graduating in the summer of i860. 
Previous to this he accepted a call to the pastorate of the First Baptist Church, of Milwaukee, where 
he was ordained in the fall of i860. During his pastorate of nine years he served two churches, 
which were greatly blessed by his labors. This period embraced the five years of the Civil War. 
During this period his patriotic devotion to the Union cause was noteworthy. Both in the pulpit and 
out of it, he was zealous, active and earnest, and his sermons had no " uncertain sound." To arouse 



446 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

the patriotism of the masses, to encourage enlistinents in his own churcli, to aid in sanitar\- ami C'hrist- 
ian commissions, formed no small part of iiis arduous labors in behalf of the Union cause. He never 
neglected, however, his pastoral and educational work, especially that of the Sunda)- School, in which 
lie was a most devout and earnest laborer, and a [jortion of time was Superintendent of the Suntlay 
Sciiool. The vast amount of labor involved in these various duties and the constant strain upon a 
peculiarly sensitive, nervous organization, proved too much for him, and necessitated his retirement from 
a professional life. He resigned his pastorate in the spring of 1869, and on coming to New York, 
resolved to enter upon a business career, which circumstances favored and for which results have shown 
he was eminently fitted. 

In May, 1869, he entered the service of the Central I'.icific Railroad Company as an assistant to the 
Vice-President, in New York City, of which company he is now second \'ice-President. He developed 
a capacity for business for which he himself, perhaps, was unconscious, but which others were not long 
in discovering. For several years he has been acting Vice-President and Ass't Secretary of the Southern 
Pacific Company, which controls and operates the Morgan Line of steamships, running between New 
York and New Orleans, and the railroad lines from New Orleans to San Francisco, known as the "Sun- 
set Route," from San Francisco, Cal., to Portland, Ore., and Ogden, Utah, which, with affiliated lines, 
forms one of the most extensive railroad systems in tiie United States. Mr. Gates has filleil, and still 
holds \'arious important positions in connection with railroad and other business affairs, notably Treas- 
urer and subscquentlj- I'resident of the Kentuck\- Central Railway Company, Secretary and Treasurer 
of the Chesapeake, ( )hio ami Southwestern Railroad Company, Treasurer of the Old Dominion Land 
Company, which took the initiative in building the new city of Newport New's, \'a., and Treasurer of 
the Newport News Shi[>building and Dry Dock Company ; the latter company has built up at Newport 
News one of the finest and most extensive shi])-building plants in the world. 

" Nothing succeeds like success" is a truism that applies to every-daj- life. It is seldom, however, 
that one who in earl\' life adopts a professional career ever succeeds in any other. Mr. Gates was not 
only a successful preacher ami a devoted and earnest pastor for ten }-ears of his life, but has been 
uniformly successful as a business man, and in every position which he has filled he lias displayed executive 
ability of the highest order. He has that rare equijioise between courage and judgment, which saves 
him from being rash in the hour of reflection, and from indecision at tlie moment of action. There is 
a mean between the theoretical — which penetrates ultimate causes and comprehends remote influences, 
and the practical — which looks ahead at the immediate result and the impediments. From that stand- 
point, the man who gets there tests and rectifies theories, weighs on fundamental principles, means and 
ends, and finishes by concentrating the power of all causes toward the accomplishment of a single 
object. The theorist lacks result, and the [)ractical man lacks power; but the man who is alive to the 
duty of to-day, and who has spent his time in settling principles and correcting them by daily applica- 
tion to those ends which are the object of an active and eminent life, illustrates the elements of success. 

Mr. Gates was for about se\enteen years a resident of Klizabeth, N. J., where he made many warm 
friends. That he accomplished great good, that he "redeemed the time," goes without saying, for his 
life has been a busy one, .ind at no peiiod, e\cn in his hours of rest and recreation, has he found it 
necessar}- to "kill time." lie came to La^t Orange in October, 1866, and during a residence of ten 
years his influence has been exerted in every direction, where it was possible to benefit his fellow-men 
and exemplify the teachings of his Divine Master. He united with the North Orange Baptist Church 
and at once entered into the work of teaching in tlie Sunday School. As a trustee, the business 
interests of the church have received his careful attention, while its spiritual interests have never lacked 
a wise and faithful counsellor and an earnest participator. His prayers and his alms have gone together, 
and his liberality is without ostentation, his fulfilment of the command, " Let not thy right hand know 
what thy left hand doeth," being strictly adhered to. In the home life of Mr. Gates there is an air of 
quiet and refinement, and a genial hospitalit)-, that does not fail to impress one with the true ideal of a 
model home. 



The Founders and Builders of the Orant.es. 447 

Of the various societies and organizations in the Oran^'cs, the <.nc liuit has interested liim most is 
the New Eni^Iand Society. To keep alive the ineniories of early associations, ti) honor the memory of 
the fmnulers of our free institutions, anil to carry out the objects of this society, has received 
from him much attention ami earnest thou^dit. He was elected to membership in tliis society the first 
year after he became a resident of Kasl Orange, and has been a regular attendant at its meetings ever 
since. He was hdUoretl 1)\- an electinii to the Vice-Tresidency in 1S94 and tn the Tresidcncy in 1S95, 
a position he still holds. Mr. (iates has been a steadfast friend and a generous supporter of the several 
charitable and benevolent organizations for which the Oranges are noted. As a speaker, Mr. Gales is 
calm, cool and deliberate, a man of strong coinictions ami of deep anil earnest piety, giving expression 
to his thoughts always in a clear, concise and convincing manner. There is a calm and ([uiet dignity in 
his manner that is at once expressive and attractive. To all outward appearance he is never worried by 
any amount of business pressure, am.! the cares and responsibilities incident to a busy life fail in any 
manner to disturb the ctiuanimity of his temper. He possesses at all times and under all circumstances 
the same kind and courteous demeanor that has distinguished him through life, and made for him friends 
whose name is legion. 

Mr. Gates married, in 1861, Ellen M., daughter of William and Elizabeth (Vincent) Huntington, of 
Torrington, Conn. William Huntington was a descendant of Christo[)lier Huntington, the first male 
child born in Norwich, 1660, son of Christopher, son of Simon, the ancestor. The Vincents were among 
the early settlers of Edgartown, Mass. Mrs. Gates, nee Huntington, is a sister of CoUis P. Huntington, 
a name familiar to railroad men throughout the civilized world. Mrs. Gates was educated at the Galway 
and Hamilton Seminaries. She is gifted as a poetess, especially as a hymn writer, and enjoys distinc- 
tion in the literary world. She is a frequent contributor to the Century Magazine, the Youth's Com- 
panion, and other periodicals. She is the author of a volume of poems published by the Putnams in 
1895, entitled, "Treasures of Kurium." Her literary work does not prevent her from engaging in works 
of benevolence and charit\'. While a resident of Elizabeth she became interested in the Orphan 
As\lum of that city, and during her residence in East Orange, the Woman's Christian Temjierance 
Union, the Orphan's Home, the Bureau of Associated Charities and the Orange Improvement Society, 
have received her earnest and practical support. Her work is done in that quiet, gentle manner that 
excites but little attention, but her influence is felt throughout the entire community Helen, the 
daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Gates, is the wife of .\rcher M. Huntington. 

THE PALMER FAMILY. 

The name Palmer, in ancient records De Palmer (from the branch of palm borne by those soldiers 
of the cross who had distinguished themselves in the holy wars), was conferred upon an ancestor of the 
family, Hugh de Palmer, b\- King Richard I, who, as a reward for having slain a Paynim knight in 
single combat, and for capturing one of the Saracen standards, gave him perinission to blazon upon 
his shield, "three crescents, argent, divided by a chevron," the heraldic token cf valor, and to wear for 
his motto, " Par sit fortuna labori." According to Burke, " the family of Palmer, whose patriarch, 
William le Palmer, was a crusader under Richard Cceur de Lion, were, from a remote period, established 
in the County of Sussex. This family bore on their shield. Arms. — Or, two bars gules, each charged 
with three trefoils, in chief, a greyhound sable Crest. — A demi-panther rampant, fire issuing from the 
mouth and ears, supporting a palm branch." 

There were several of the name of Palmer came to this country (rom 1631 to 1700. Among this 
number was Christopher Palmer, who married Elizabeth Berry. His name appears on the records 
previous to 1700. He had among other children a <.on, Jonathan. 

Jonathan Palmer, son of Christopher and Elizabeth (Berry) Palmer, was born in 1707. He married, 
in 1730, Abigail Rowe, and had a -mw. James. 

James Palmer, son of Jonathan and Abigail ^Rowei Palmer, was born in 1733. He had a son. 
Jeremiah, born in 1763. 



448 The Founders and Ruii.ders of the Oranges. 

Jeremiah Palmer, son of James Palmer, was born in 1763. He married, in January, 1783, Hannah 
Beckham, and among other children had a son, /o/oi, born 1784. 

John Palmer, son of Jeremiah and Hannah (Beckham) Palmer, was born in 1784. He married Phcbe 
Wells, and had a son, ]Villiain Ilarivood. 

William Harwood Palmer, son of John and Phebe (Wells) Palmer, was born June 16, 1S05, died 
January, 1836. He lived in Warner, N. H., where he married, in 1829, Harriet, daughter of Elijah 
Dwinel ; he was the son of David, son of Jonathan, born 1702, son of Thomas, born 1672, son of 
Michael Dunnel, Sr. P'or three or four generations the name was spelled Dunnel. William Harwood 
and Harriet (Dwinel) Palmer had among other children, a son Albert. 

Albert Palmer, son of William Harward and Harriet (Dwineli Palmer, was born in Warner, 
N. H., June 14, 1831 ; he died in East Orange, X. J.. November 24, 1893. He was precocious as a child, 
and developed into manhood at an age when most children are still pursuing the elementary branches of 
their education. He was left an orphan at six years of age, and at the age of thirteen began life's 
struggle alone, with the little education lie had acquired at the schools of his native town, so that he 
really had no childhood, and he was a man of mature years long before he reached his majority. He 
laid the foundation of his successful business career in 1846 as editor and proprietor of a trade paper 
known as the U. S. Journal. He subsequently started the Xorth Aiiicrrcan Miscellany, of which 
Donald G. Mitchell — " Ik Marvel" — was editor. As a literary work it was a success, but Mr. Palmer's 
tastes led him in a different direction. His early struggles had forced him to grapple with the stern 
realities of life, and he had but little disposition and less time to experiment with the sentimental. 
He therefore gave up his literary publications and devoted all his energies to the tlevelopment of a 
scheme for free distribution of advertising papers, which has since been so uni\'ersally adopted and of 
which he was the originator. After extending his lines East and becoming firmly established in New 
York, he removed to Chicago about i860 where he carried on a large business for five or six years and 
became a large property holder. He returned to New York soon after the close of the war and de- 
veloped new ideas in the publishing and advertising line. His principal business was the publication 
of '• J'aliiicr's Buyer, which attained a large circulation, both in this country and in F,uropc, and 
necessitated the establishing of a branch house in England, which for many \-ears past has been under 
the management of his five sons. In 1S78 the business was incorporated under the name of the Albert 
Palmer Company, and has attained a world-wide reputation. The success of this enterprise is due 
wholly to the efforts of Mr. I'almer, who was the head and front of it for nearly fifty years, until his 
death. He was the pioneer in this line of publishing business, which many other firms have since 
adopted. 

Soon after his return from Chicago Mr. Palmer purchased a beautiful place at Cornwall-on the- 
Hudson, which he named " Ciliffside." He had for neighbors N. P. Willis, E. P. Roe, Kensett, the artist, 
and other celebrities, and here, with his family, he spent some of the happiest years of his life, and 
enjoyed that rest which a long life of toil and labor necessitated. He was interested in the religious 
affairs of that locality and was an elder in the Presbyterian Church, of Cornwall. In the early winter 
of 1881 Mr. Palmer removed with his famih- to East Orange, and bought the beautiful residence of 
Judge Whiting, at No. 57 Harrison Street, where he spent a portion of each year, until his death. He 
continued, however, to spend his summers at Cornwall. 

Mr. Palmer was a public-spirited, progressi\'e citizen, and contributed liberally to whatever was of 
jjublic benefit. IK- was a staunch Republican and while interested in the success of his party he had 
no desire to hold public office. While possessing great enterprise as manifested by his life, he showed 
great caution before embarking in any und ertaking ; but when, after full deliberation, he determined 
upon his course, he followed it with un\ielding persistency. He was a man of great kindness of feel- 
ing, liberal to an extreme, and heartily interested in whatever was of benefit to his fellow-men. He was 
strongly attached to home and family. He was a warm, devoted friend, and regarded with the utmost 
fidelity the obligations which friendship imposes. He had a high sense of honor, and was scrupulously 




ALBERT PALMER. 



The Founders and Hrn.ni:Rs of the Oranges. 449 

honest and conscientious in his business relations, accepting always the "golden rule" as his guide. He 
was a man of great force, persistency and earnestness, of strong will power and active intellect. He 
was in every sense of the word a manly man. 

In his marriage Mr. I'almer became identified with one of the founders of Newark. He married 
Cornelia Ailing, daughter of Stephen H. Ailing, of Newark, the founder of the well-known jewelry firm 
of Ailing Hros. & Co. He was the son of David, who was the son of Deacon Isaac and Mary (Clizbei 
Ailing. Isaac was the son of John and Martha (Crane) Ailing, who was the son of Deacon Samuel, son 
of Samuel, the Newark settler, who is first mentioned in the Newark records in 1700, as a member of a 
committee " chosen by vote to go about to get Subscription perfected to Mr. Wakeman's Deed of Gift." 
He was an important man in the affairs of the town and held public positions of trust and honor. 
Samuel was the grandson of Roger Ailing, who, at the settlement of the New Haven Colony, in 1639, 
signed the compact. David Ailing, the grandfather of Mrs. Palmer, married Nancy Ball, whose grand- 
mother was cousin to the mother of Gen. Washington. The marriage ceremony took place at the 
Ailing homestead, near the present Court House, in Newark, still standing. 

The children of Albert and Cornelia N. (Ailing) Palmer are: Albert William, Stephen Ailing, 
Harriet C, married Albert Collins; Emma Durrie, married Edward S. Ely; Susan P., married Frank 
Miller, of Newark; Oliver H., Cornelius A., Harwood, John Parker, Eleanor A., and Walter, all living. 
Albert W. and .Stephen A. are managers of the business in this country, while their four brothers all 
reside in England and have charge of the business there. 

THE BRUEN FAHILY. 

Obadiah Brnen was the ancestor of all the families of this name in East New Jersey. He was the 
second son of John Ikuen, Esq , of Hruen, Stapleford, Cheshire, and was baptized December 25, 1606. 
He was a descendant of Robert Le Hrun. of .Stapleford, A. D. 1230. He came into the Plymouth juris- 
diction from England with his wife, Sarah, 1640, removed thence to Gloucester, was made freeman 1O42, 
and selectman the following year, represented the town at the General Court, 1647-51. He removed to 
Pequot (New London, Conn.), and was town clerk fifteen years ; was a representative at the General 
Court, and is named in the charter of Connecticut, 1662. He came to Newark with the Milford 
colonists, in 1666, and his name is second on the list of the subscribers to the Fundamental Agreement. 
His "Home Lott " and residence was on Market Street, not far from the present Pennsylvania Railroad 
depot. By his wife, Sarah, he had Hannah, born 1643. married John Baldwin, Sr. John, born 1646, 
and Rebecca, widow of Thomas Post, of Norwich. 

John Bruen, onl\- son of Obadiah and Sarah ( ) Bruen. was born in Gloucester, Mass., in 1640. 

He came with his father to Newark just before he reached his majority. He married Esther, daughter 
of Deacon Richard Lawrence, one of the Branford settlers. He died before 1696. His children were, 
Eleazer, y<v<y^/', John, and tradition says he had a daughter who married Joseph Baldwin. 

Joseph Bruen, second child of John antl Esther (Lawrence) Bruen, was born in Newark, in 1669; 

died Februar}' i, 1753. He married and hatl issue, David, Ruth, widow of Caleb Davis, and 

perhaps other children. 

David Bruen, son of Joseph and ( ) Bruen, was born in Newark, about 1700. He removed to, 

and was one of the original settlers of Chatham township. Morris Count)-. N. J. He married Phebe, 
daughter of Christopher Wood, and had children, /<vt//!, Elias, Jabesh, Elizibeth, Phebe. He married 
second. Phebe Crane, daughter of Robert, son of Deacon Azariah Crane, and had Benjamin, Jonathan 
and Barnabas. 

Joseph Bruen, son of David and Phebe (Wood) Bruen, was born in Chatham, Morris County, about 
1730. He married Matilda Bonnell, and had Alexander, Biiijatnin and Ichabod. 

Benjamin Bruen, son of Joseph and Matilda (Bonnell) Bruen, was born in Chatham, N. J., about 
1765. He married Nancy Harris, and had issue. Isaac Harris, Elias Runyan. Aslibil. Jacob. Phebe, 
Eliza Jane, Caroline. 



450 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



Ashbel Bruen, third child of Ik-njamiii and Nancy (Harris) Bruen, was born in Madison, Chatham 
township, N. J., in 1806; died in 1853. He was a successful builder and contractor, and built some of 
the finest dwellings, as well as public buildings and churches, in Madison and Morristown. He was a 
man of considerable prominence and stood well with his neighbors. He married Mary Chandler, 
daughter of Jonathan Chandler, a descendant of John Chandler, who settled in Elizabethtown, before 
1750. The children of Ashbel and .Mary (Chandler) Bruen were, Benjamin, Jane, Elizabeth, Tlicodorc 
//'., Caroline Merritt, Frank and Adeline. 

Theodore Wood Bruen, son of Ashbel and Mary (Chandler) Bruen, was born in ^Madison, Chatham 
township, N. J., October 12, 1832. He was associated with his father in building until the breaking out 
of the Civil War. He joined Company K, Seventh Regiment, N. J. Volunteers, and was mustered into 
service in September, 1861, for three years, or the war. His regiment was attached to the Third Brigade, 
Hooker's Division. His first engagement was at the Siege of Vorktown, April and May, 1S62. In the 
battle of Williamsburg, May 5, 1862, while his regiment was retreating and firing, he fell backwards and 
struck his back on a fallen tree, sustaining a serious injury to his spine which rendered him unfit for 
further service, and after remnining in the hospital for some months he was discharged at Philadelphia, 
June 12. 1863, being totally disabled on account of a lateral curvature of the spine. Some time after 
his return home he removed with his family to Elizabeth, and entered the employ of the New Jersey 
Central R. R. Co. He was a mere wreck of his former self and he finally died, in 1879, of hemorrhage, 
the result of his injury in the army. Though a constant sufferer he refused to apply for a pension, and 
it was not obtained until after his death. He married Caroline, daughter of Smith Ma.xwell Miller, 
son of Smith Miller, born in Elizabeth, 1765, a great-grandson of William Miller, one of the settlers of 
Elizabethtown, 1687, admitted an Associate, 1699, and was one of the Memorialists of 1700. The 
mother of Caroline M. Miller was Catharine Coddington, daughter of Benjamin Coddington, a captain of 
artillery in the War of the Revolution, who was long confined and nearly starved to death in the New 
York prison-house, living for a time on tallow candles. 

The children of Theodore Wood and Caroline 
(Miller) Bruen were, Frederick S., Edward Everett, Ella 
C, married Arthur C. Webb, Katie J , married Joseph 
\\. Roberts; Theodore Ashbel is the youngest child. 

Edward Everett Bruen, son of Theodore 
Wood and Caroline Ma.xwell (Miller) Bruen, was born 
in Chatham, Morris County, X. J., June 26, 1859. ^^ 
was taken by his parents to Elizabeth when he was 
but five years of age, and enjoyed the benefit of the 
excellent public school system of that city. After 
completing his time at the machinist's trade he entered 
the clerical department of the New Jersey Central 
R. R. Co., and was subsequently promoted to the general 
freight office, New York City, where he remained about 
two years, and then became private secretary to his 
father-in-law, Mr. Peeples, master mechanic of the Man- 
hattan Elevated Railroad. [He served the full period 
as private in Company A, Third Regiment, N. G. S. 
N.J.J He continued in this capacity for four years, 
until May, 1855. Two years previous to this he had 
removed to East Orange, and in 1855 he started the 
first steam laundry ever attempted in the Oranges. 
This he left to the management of his brother while 
he began, in a small way at first, buying and .selling 
real estate. He soon evinced a remarkable adapta- 




KDWAKU EVERETT BKUES. 



The Founders and Builders of the Oran(;es. 



45' 



tion for tliis business, and distanced many of his oldest competitors whose whole life had been spent 
in this line of business. He opened an office on Washington Place, near Brick Church station, and 
confined himself mainly to buying lots, building and selling. He has been one of the most successful 
real estate operators in the Oranges. He has assisted others in building and has erected a number of 
first-class dwellings, averaging in cost from $5-000 to $150,000 each, the result of which has been to 
draw a large number of first-class people to the Oranges, and has added upwards of half a million 
dollars to the wealth of the township. He is a most indefatigable worker, and during the general 
depression of 1F194-5 he continued his operations without interruption and succeeded wjjere otiiers failed. 
A man of keen foresight, good judgment, with a thorough knowledge of realty values, he seldom 
errs in his calculations. His uniform courtesy and agreeable manners have made him many friends, and 
when solicited to become a member of the Township Committee in 1893 he accepted the nomination 
and was elected h\- a handsome majorit)-, and re-elected in 1895 for another term of two years. He lias 
held the position of vice-cliairnian and chairman of the Finance Committee, and still holds the latter 
position. A very important measure — that of tide-water sewerage— was introduced during his first term 
and he gave to this his most earnest support as well as to all other measures of real improvement. He 
believes in an economical administration of the township government, but favors a liberal expenditure 
where the health of the community is involved. He has long been a member of the Masonic Fraternit\-. 
having received his first knowledge of its mysteries in Corinthian Lodge, No. 488, of New York, in 1882, 
from which he dimitted to Union Lodge, No. 11, of Orange, and later to Hope Lodge, No. 124, of 
Last Orange. Mr. Bruen married October 16, 1881, Jennie Aylesworth Peebles, daughter of Thomas 
W. Peebles, of Chester County, Pa., whose wife was Melissa Aylesworth. The children of Edward E. 

and Jennie Aylesworth (Peebles) Bruen are. Clarence, 
Edward, Edith May and Marion Anita. 





FRANK W. COOLBAUGH. Mr. Coolbaugh set- 
tled in the Oranges as a resident, renting a small 
house belonging to the late Judge Whiting on Web- 
ster Place, in 1876. At that time and until 1884, he 
held the position of Chief Train Dispatcher on the 
D. L. & W. R. R. During his railway experience 
he recognized the fact that the system of train pro- 
tection throughout the country was very inadequate, 
and perfected, in the course of a year or two, an 
improved rear end and engine lamp, with a simple 
device for holding them in position. These were 
patented. Several other railway patents were also 
taken out by him, and at this time he severed his 
connection with the road for the purpose of intro- 
ducing these specialties. In this he was very succes- 
ful, they having become standard practically on all 
of the railways of the country. 

In 1 886. while still a renter in the Oranges, he 
became imbued with the laudable ambition of having 
a home of his own — and in our judgment this ambi- 
tion is the bulwark of our nation and should always 
be fostered — and in casting about for a location, 
after careful consideration, he hit upon the south 
side of thejrailway track, and what is now 22 Burnet 
Street, was his first real estate venture. This entire 



45- The Founders and Builders of the Oranges 

section of the city, lying between Clinton Street on the west and South Arlington Avenue on the east, 
Central Avenue on the south, had been practically at a standstill for some ten years, many houses 
standing uncompleted, a great number of houses to rent at your own price, people steadily moving out 
of tlie locality instead of moving in, while all other sections of East Orange was rapidly building up and 
becoming more beautiful. Burnet Street at this time ended at Beech Street, in a mud hole. Not a 
foot of .stone sidewalk had been laid on any of the streets in the section named. Such fences as existed 
were in a wretched condition ; but few, if any, shade trees had been planted. Walnut Street practicalh- 
ended at Main Street ; Orange, Chestnut and Beech Streets h;id not been niacademizcd and were 
])ractically without sidewalks. After completing this house, which was designed in every detail by Mrs. 
Coolbaugh, it attracted the attention of Mr. Arthur Jennings, the well-known architect and writer, who 
had it illustrated in colors b\- the Builders' Edition of the Scientific American, and in this edition paid 
her a high compliment editorially, and later, in a leading architectural journal, advocated strongly women 
as architects, and cited Mrs. Coolbaugh's success as an argument in favor of the position taken. Mr. 
Coolbaugh's ne.\t venture was No. 30 Burnet Street, which lie built as an investment for a friend in 
California; also designed by Mrs. Coolbaugh. I-"ollowing this came the purchase of a wild tract of land 
on the southwest corner of Beech Street and Burnet Street; in the meantime, Burnet Street having been 
forced through to Central Avenue and improved. This tract eventually fell into the hands of Mr. Ellis 
Apgar, who has erected on it four handsome residences. 

In nSjO, property on the corner of Orange and South Walnut -Streets was purchased, and on this 
site Mr. Coolbaugh built his present house, and later enough property on South Walnut Street was 
purchased by him and several friends to control the improvements. The street was at once graded and 
improved; is now building up rapidly and handsomely. Orange, Chestnut and Beech Streets had just 
been macadamized and improved. One of the conditions named in his purchase of Orange Street pro- 
])erty and improving of same, was, that the sidewalks should be artificial stone, and, as a result, this was 
the first street in all the Oranges to have this character of sidewalk; it has since become quite general. 
Bounded bv Burnet Street, South Arlington A\-enue, Beech Street and Central Avenue, was a large 
tract of wild, heavily wooded and swampy hmd, and was looked upon b_\' citizens as a menace to the 
health of the neighborhood. The swampy character of this property was caused by the water from the 
several streets centering at the corner of ]5eech and Burnet Streets, being allowed to flood the section, 
instead of being taken care of by the town. This large tract was purchased by Mr. Coolbaugh from 
several joint owners, consisting of some seventy large building lots. Several hundred trees were cut down, 
still leaving about the same number standing. Two new streets were opened ; one running east and west, 
extending from Burnet to South Arlington Avenue, sidewalked with artificial stone and macadamized, 
which was named Carnegie Avenue, as a compliment to Mr. Andrew Carnegie, whom Mr. Coolbaugh 
highly esteems, and who has challenged his admiration for many years. Another street, running north 
and south, and called Shepard Avenue, was named in honor of East Orange's most highly respected citi- 
zen, Mr. v. M. Shepard. At the junction of these two avenues, a unique feature was provided; namelj-, 
a circle fifty feet in diameter, called "Seven Oak Circle," there being seven oaks spared in this space. A 
number of hantlsome dwellings were promptly built. The township was urged to provide drains to 
relieve the tract, which it did. ( )n this stieet alone some twentj' residences have been built, and what 
was a waste and a menace, has been made, beyond question, one of our handsomest and mo5t desirable 
sections. During the last six years something like i 50 beautiful houses have been built in this section, 
the growth being more rapid than any other locality. 

THE WILDE FAMILY. 

John Wilde, of East Orange, is the latest representative of John Wilde, the American ancestor of 
this family. Different branches of the familj^ have been identified with Essex County for more than 
three-quarters of a century. They are all of English descent, and are probabh- not far removed from 
the line of Sir William Wilde, Recorder of London in the sixteenth century, afterwards a Judge of the 
King's Bench; createtl a Baronet in 1C60. 




JOHN WILDE. 



The Founders and Builders ok the Oranges. 453 

John Willie, tlic first of this name in America, came from I-"ngi.ind in 168S. Two years later he 
married Sarah llayden, a descendant and probably a {granddaughter of William llayden, of Windsor, 
Conn., who came in the ship " Mary and John," with Mr. Wareham's church, in 1630, and lived at Dor- 
chester, Mass. He was an active participant in the Pequot War, and saved the life of Captain Mason, 
who commanded the expedition. The children of John and Sarah (Haydeni Wilde were: Jolin, 
Saiiiiicl, William and Sarah. 

Samuel Wilde, .second child of John anil Sarah ( Hayden) Wilde, was born about 1694, and lived in 
Dorchester, Mass. He married , and had, among other children, a son Jos rp/i. 

Joseph Wilde, son of Samuel and ( ) Wilde, was born in Dorchester about 1730. He was a man 

of great personal courage, and was among the first to enlist in defense of the liberties of his countrv. 
His commission as Lieutenant in the Continental Army, was signed by Joiin Hancock, and is still in 
the possession of his descendants. He married Mehitable Doubleday, born 1739, died 1827, and had a 
son, Sirimii/. 

Samuel Wilde, son of Joscpli and Mehitahlc (Doubleday) Wide, was born in Dorchester, Mass., in 
iSoo. He removed to New York in iSjo, where he engaged in the hardware and looking-glass trade. 
Later he became a partner with Elijah Witiiington, who is said to have been the first to introduce tiie 
process of roasting coffee b\- machinery in this country. He was assisted in the enterprise by William 
Colgate, who founded the firm of Colgate & Co., soap manufacturers. The house of Withington 
& Wilde established a reputation for the purit\- and excellence of their goods, which was 
maintained through all the subsequent changes in the firm, and, notwithstanding the fact 
that rival houses placed upon the market inferior and cheaper goods, the standard of this firm was never 
changed. The firm afterwards became Samuel Wilde & Son, the present name being Samuel 
Wilde's Sons. 

Samuel Wilde possessed a rugged honest)-, inheriteii from his ancestors, which he carried into all 
the little affairs of life, and impressed it by precept and example on his children. He was a man of 
strong convictions, and had the courage to maintain them. He was one of the pioneers in the abolition 
movement, and was fearless in his efforts to free the slaves. A firm and open friend of the colored race, 
he hesitated at no means to aid them in securing their freedom, making frequent use of the '• under- 
ground railroad," and on a certain occasion harbored a fugitive slave in his own store ami furnished 
him the means, as well as the necessary passjiorts, to continue his journey across the border. He 
resided for many years in Willianisburgh, now Brooklyn, Eastern District. The colored people of 
that locality looked to him as their staunch friend and benefactor. He helped the poor and indigent, 
and worked with and for this people. He built them a church on South Third Street, and often took 
part in their service. He exercised a fatherly care over them and they were wont to look to him for 
advice and counsel. He was etpially active in other religious and benevolent enterprises, and his ear 
was ever open to the cry of distress, from whatever source. He was broad in his catholicity, and 
liberal in his religious views. Mr. Wilde married Sarah, daughter of Robert Jones, of Chester, England, 
by w horn he had four sons and seven daughters. 

John Wii.de, tenth child of Samuel and Sarah (Jones) Wilde, was born in Brooklyn, N. V., May 
20, 1S49. '^'"^ early environment was all that could be desired, and he proved a worthy son of worthy 
parents. Obedient, faithful and studious as a boy, he laid the foundation of a perfect manhood, 
and followed in the same lines of those who preceded him. His education at the public schools 
of his native city was sufficient to qualify him for the duties incident to the business which 
was in perfect harmonv with his own tastes and inclinations. After leaving school he entered 
the employ of Samuel Wilde's Sons. By diligent application he soon acipiired a knowledge of all 
the details of the business. He continued as an employee of the firm until the deatii of his brother 
Joseph, in 1878, and was then given a half interest in the business by his brother Samuel, who became 
the senior partner. The volume of trade continued to increase under the new management, and 
John Wilde was fully equal to the new duties and responsibilities imposed on him. The two 



454 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



worked in perfect liarmony together and there was never any conflicting of interests. The high 
standard and purity of goods was maintained witliout any variation in qualit\-. The death of Samuel 
Wilde, in 1890, brought about another change in the firm, although the same name is continued, 
Mr. John Wilde becoming the senior member and his son, Herbert, the junior. 

Mr. Wilde removed to East 
Orange in 1891, and the following 
year purchased of his sister his present 
residence, at 84 Orange Street, whicii 
is the finest and most imposing of any 
on this street, and one of the finest 
residences in the Oranges. 

Unlike his brothers. Mr. Wilde 
never had any inclination for public 
affairs, but the quiet and peace of his 
own home, after the labors of the day 
are o'er, is dearer than all else to him. 
His political affiliations are with the 
Republican party, and in order to 
give aid and encouragement to his 
party, he united with the Republican 
Club, of East Orange. 

Mr. Wilde married Antoinette 
Westervelt, daughter of Stephen 
Westervelt, in 1871. residence of john wh.de. 




nR5. CHARLES B. YARDLEY is known as one of the most earnest, energetic and progressive women 
of the countr_\-, and her efforts to enlarge and increase the influence of the women of her adopted State 
have met with the hearty appreciation of her co-laborers and all others interested in this noble work. 
Under the auspices of the Board of Managers of the Columbian E.\positioii, of which she was a member, 
she made a collection of the books and writings of the women of New Jersey, amounting to over 400 
published volumes, besides much additional unpublisheti matter. She also compiled in two volumes a 
choice selection from 270 authors who have contributed newspaper and magazine articles from time to 
time, not previously puhlishcii in book form. These, together with all the other volumes collected, were 
placed on exhibition in the Women's Dejjaitmcnt at the World's Fair, and are now in the State House, 
at Trenton. In recognition of her efforts in behalf of the authors of New Jersey, she was awarded by 
the Managing Committee of the exhibition a gold medal. 

Mrs. Yardley has been a member of the Sorosis for the past twenty-five years, and the Women's 
Club, of Orange, twenty years, and has been identified with various other movements for the advance- 
ment of her sex In 1894 she organized the New Jersey State Federation of Women's Clubs, consisting 
of fifty-two women's literary and other clubs, of which she is the President. She sent an exhibit of 
this work to be hung in the Women's Department of the Atlanta Exposition. Mrs. Yardley is one of 
the foremost workers and leaders in the Society of the Daughters of the Revolution, and was recently 
elected regent of the National organization, but resigned after holding the position for a few months, 
because of certain informal proceedings wiiich did not meet with her approval. 

Wll.LBUE, the home of V. Q. Barstow, on Prospect Street, unlike those of most of his neighbors, 
is seen at its best in the late autumn or earl\- winter, when the trees are stripped of their foliage, leaving 
the house itself, which is a model of architectural beaut}-, fulh- exposed to \iew. The aim of the 
architect evidentl>- was not to confine himself to any one particular style of architecture, but to combine 



TiiK Founders and Builders ok the Oranges. 



455 



in detail tlic best features of the old and new scliools. The liousc is in striking contrast to tlic 
surroundings; being of brick, forms a pretty setting to the framework of green. The oLtagonal dormer- 
window and the steep pitch gable form tlie centra! features in front. On one side is a turreted form of 

roof flanked by high ornamental chimneys. 
Beneath the first ciiimney is a small con- 
S^ servatory built of mullioned windows 
^ which distribute the rays of light through 
the interior, so as to produce a bright and 
pleasing effect. The picturesque feature 
of the house is the western gable with its 
double stained mullioned windows. A 
spacious piazza flanks the lower side of 
the house, whicii is formed in part by a 
large gabled enclosure, with the design of 
a sunburst in front The interior divisions 
are made with ilue regard to general 
comfort, and conform perfectly to the 
e.xterior design. In its summer garb, 
with the house partly hidden by the 
deep foliage of green, the place is ex- 
ceedingly attractive and adds much to 
the beauty of this part of Prospect 

Ull.l.llUK, THI. IIOMK uV F. Q. BARSTOW. StrCCt. 




.G) 



Rksidenck of William C. Horn, No. 125 Prospect Street, East Orange. The home of Mr. 
Horn is most delightfully situated nearly midway between the D. L. & W. R. R. and the Watchung 
branch of the Erie Railroad, and is one 
of the healthiest locations in all the 
Oranges. The house stands on an ele- 
vation se\eral feet above the level of 
the street and about one hundred feet 
distant. The lot is 180 feet front b\- 
740 feet deep, and is laid out mostly 
in lawn and shade trees. The maple 
trees in front and on the south side are 
among the largest and finest in the 
Oranges, haxMng a growth of about 
twenty j'ears. Some three hundred 
feet from the rear of the house is a fine 
grove of chestnut and other forest 
trees, which were left standing when 
the farm was cleared, many years ago. 
The large, substantially built stable in 
the rear is partly shaded by the grove 
of forest trees. A large tennis court in 
the rear of the house affords amp'.e room for this popular game. The best view of the house 
is obtained from the southeast, which, during the summer season, is partly concealed by the 
shade trees. The house is of sufficient size to merit the name of villa, and the style of architect- 
ure is thoroughly American and well adapted to the location and surroundings, points which always 




KF.SIDKNCE OF WILLIAM C. HORN. 



456 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



receive the consideration of Mr, Sargent, the architect. The house rests on a liigli foundation of 
rock-faced brown stone ; the structure above is wood-work, covered with square-edged shingles, ever\- 
alternate one being shorter than the other, giving a very artistic effect to the covering. The broad 
piazza extends along the entire front, winding around to the south side of the house; on the north side 
it is carried several feet beyond the house and forms a very pretty porte cochere. This rests upon 
pillars of rock-faced brown stone, the same material forming the foundation of the piazza. A rather 
unique feature of the second story is the large, deep recessed windows; the one on the north front is 
arched over with an ornamental pitched roof, which extends from the main roof of the house. The 
tower, on south corner of the house, rests on a high foundation of rock-faced brown stone, which 
is octagon shaped to the top of the first story ; from tliis point above it is round, terminating in a 
pointed cone above the roof. 

The interior of the house is arranged with a view to economy of space within, every foot of which 
is utilized to the very best advantage. The spacious hall, I3 x 30 feet, the large, elegant mantle near the 
front door, and the beautiful staircase, with its handsome newel posts, are all of quartered oak, as is 
also the wainscot on the side of the hall and up the staircase. Three large, prettily stained glass 
windows in the the rear of and above the staircase diffuse the soft rays of light through the hall, giving 
a pleasing effect to all the surroundings. The entrance to the dining room is to the right as \'ou enter 
the hall. This is finished in black walnut ; the furniture, as well as the wall and ceilings, are all in 
harmony. The entrance to the parlor is through the left side of the hall as you enter the front of the 
house. This room, including the elegant mantle, is finished in cherry, while the furniture and decora- 
tions are all made to correspond. The library, which connects with the parlor, is finished in quartered 
oak; the billiard room in the rear is panelled and finished entirely in cypress, which is light in color, 
making a very pretty finish. The parcjuet floor of oak, with a narrow border of mahogany, gives an 
air of cheerfulness and brightness to the room. The second floor contains five bed rooms and two 
bath rooms, all handsomely finished, and there are six bed rooms on the tiiird floor. The laundry, wliich 
is very complete, is in the basement. The heating and lighting arrangements throughout the house 
are of the best, and nothing is lacking to make the house a moilel of comfort and coinenience. 



SUNNYCROl-T, the home of the Ashlcys, 131 Prospect Street, is well known to a large class of peo- 
ple in the Oranges. The name of the place is well suited to the surroundings. It has an eastern and 
/i^ ^,-v~^-— southern exposure, and catches the 




Sl'NNYCROFT. HOME OF EDWARD W. ASHLEY. 



<»)« morning sunbeams, dispelling the dew, 
( making evervthing bright and cheer- 



ful. The brown stone, which consti- 
tutes the first story and foundation, 
harmonizes with the other features. 
Considerable originality is shown in 
the style of architecture, which is in 
striking contrast to many of the other 
houses in this locality. Both Mr. and 
Mrs. Ashley (nee Morgan) are well 
know n in social circles, and occupy a 
warm place in llic hearts of the people, 
both, in tlieir own way, being con- 
stantly' engaged in good works and in 
seeking the happiness of others. Mrs. 
.Ashley has been for many years Presi- 
lient of the Memorial Hosjiital, in 
Orange; also President of the Parish 



The Founders and Builders ok the Oranges. 457 

Association of tiiace Chuich, ami still holds both positions. Mr. Ashley and liis wife are both 
descendants of Kn<jlisli ancestors, who for centuries have been identified with many of the most 
prominent events recorded in English history. The frequent mention of the Ashleys in Burke's Her- 
aldry, and other well-known English works, show them to have been not only a family of great antiquity, 
but allied by marriage to some of the best families in England and Ireland. The Earl of Shaftsbury 
represented both the Ashleys and the Coopers: combining with Cooper the arms of Ashley, the latter 
being the same as those of the Somersetshire and other I-^nglish families, viz.: Arms. — CJuarterly, 
first and fourth argent, three bulls passant sable armed and unguled, or for Ashley, second and third 
gules, a bend engrailed between si.v lions' rampant, or for Cooper. Crest. — On a chapeau gules turned 
up ermine a bull passant sable gorged with a ducal coronet, or, attired and hoofed argent. Sii/>/<orfi-rs. 
—On the dexter side a bull sable gorged with a ducal coronet, or. attired and hoofed argent ; on the 
sinister talbot azure gorged as the dexter. Motto. — Love, serve. 

One branch of the .\shley family removed to Ireland, and from this descended I-.dward W. Ashley, 
the subject of this sketch. He was born in Dublin, Irchmd, and enjo\-ed good educational advantages, 
adapted to the business career which he chose. He came t<> this country as a young man, and was for 
man)' years connccteil with the banking house of Dre.xel, Morgan & Co. Confining himself to the strict 
rules which govern the best business houses, he has met with uniform success. Mr. Ashley formed a co- 
partnership with Starkweather & Co., an okl and well-known imi)orting house, and in 1883 assumed the 
entire control of the business. In his business connections he is known as a man of the highest personal 
integrity, as well as of energy and business ability, and enjoys an excellent reputation in financial and 
commercial circles. 

Mr. Ashley became a resident of East Orange in 1874, and from that time up to the present has 
interested himself in everything that concerns the prosperity and growth of the township. In addition 
to his own beautiful residence, which is one of the attractive features of Prospect Street, he has built 
other fine houses, thus adding materially to the wealth of the township. He is a director and was one 
of the founders of the People's Bank, and the Savings Investment and Trust Company, of East Orange. 
Mr. Ashley has been a vestryman in Grace Epi.scopal Church since 1875 ; and as Treasurer he has 
managed the financial affairs with wisdom and econom\-. lie was one of the organizers of the Orange 
Athletic Club; is a member of the Country Club, the Orange Club, the New England Society of 
Orange, and of the Young Men's Christian Association. Although a member of several associations, 
he is a man of domestic tastes and habits. 

Mr. Ashley married Miss Jessie Antoinette Morgan, daughter of P"rancis Morgan, of New N'ork 
City, for many years a resident of Westfield, Mass., but a native of Springfield. The latter married 
L. Antoinette Converse, daughter of John A. Converse, of Troy, N. \. Francis Morgan was the son 
of .\rchippus, born May 17, 1772, married, September 28, 1800, Pamelia Taylor. He was the son 
of Titus. Joseph, the son of Nathaniel, born in Springfield, June 14, 1671. married Hannah Bird, June 
19, 1691, he being then hut nineteen years of age. He was the only child of Miles Morgan by the 
latter's second wife. Miles Morgan, the ancestor, a native of Wales, sailed from England and arrived at 
Boston, in April, 1636. He married Prudence Gilbert, a young women whom he met on shipboard. 
He removed from Boston with a number of emigrants and became one of the founders of Springfield. 
A statue of heroic size, mounted on a large pedestal, stands in a conspicuous place in Springfield. This 
was erected by an uncle of Mrs. Ashley, a brother of her father, Mr. Henry T. .Morgan, a banker, of 
New York City. Miles Morgan had by his first wife eight children ; b\- his second wife, Elizabeth Bliss, 
to whom he was married February 15, 1669, he had only Nathaniel, the direct ancestor of Mrs. Ashley. 
The name Morgan signifies "of the sea," and is mentioned as early as A. U. 360. 

Only one child out of a family of nine of Mr. and Mrs. Ashley is now living, and to him has been 
given the name of Morgan, a representative of one of the oldest, if not the oldest family of the Eng- 
lish speaking race. 



458 



The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 



Residence of C. M. Coburn, 135 Arlintjton Avenue. The centre of attraction here is the house 
itself, as the surroundings are comparatively new. and sufficient time has not elapsed for the growth of 
trees and shrubbery. The style of architecture is in pleasing contrast to the other houses in this 
neighborhood, and yet there has been no attempt to follow anj' special line. The aim of the architect, 
Mr. W'hittemore, of East Oaange, was to combine the best features of the colonial with the more modern 
style of English Gothic, in such a manner as to produce strong contrast with perfect harmony in detail. 
The entire structure is of framework, covered with shingles, resting on a foundation of rock-faced brown 
stone, elevated from three to seven feet above the ground, according to the grade. The most prominent 
feature of the house is the round tower in front, which rises from the foundation to the cornice, and 
above that is cone-shaped, ending at a point with the natural pitch of the roof. The upper part of the 
tower is lighted b\- a dormer window, uhich projects from this part of the roof. The first story of the 

tower is of rock-faced brown stone. 



The tower divides the wide piazza into 
two sections. The north section, which 
rest on a brown stone foundation, ex- 
tends beyond the house and forms the 
porte cochere. A handsome balcony 
extends around the entire front of the 
house, connecting the two sections of 
the ])iaz/.a. On the south side of the 
house, between the top of the pia/za 
and the eaves, is an oriole window. 
Beyond this, on the same side, is a bay 
window, extending from the founda- 
tion to the second story above, and 
resting on it is a square window, which 
rises upward to the cornice. On the 
north side of the house is a bay w in- 
dow, resting on a stone foundation and 
rising to the second story. A very 
pretty effect is produced b\' an orna- 
KEsiDENCE OF c. .M. COBURN. UH iital band of stucco, painted to re- 

semt)le metal, which jjasses all around the house beneath the cornice, the main body of the house being 
painted a light green, and the roof red ; the efTect is verj' striking. The form of the e.xterior of the 
building makes an eas\- and economical di\'ision of the interior, s<j that e\er\- foot of room is utilized to 
the best advantage. 1 he main hall, 14x26 feet, is the principal feature on entering the house, and is 
beautifully finished in ijuartered oak. The dining room is in the same wood, the library in cherry, 
and the colonial parlor in cream, white and gold. The rooms on the second floor are handsomely 
furnished and well lighted, and perfectly arranged for heat and ventilation. Everything about the 
interior has a cheerful, home-like appearance, and nothing is lacking in the arrangement to add to the 
happiness of the inmates. 

THE HINE FAMILY, OF ORANGE. 

The name of Mine, although an unusual one, is familiar to the people of the Oranges through 
Edwin W. Hine, who for nearly a quarter of a century has been conspicuous in business, political, mili- 
tary and other affairs in town, county and State, and through all has preserved an unblemished reputa- 
tion, and it may be truly said of him, that he is sans pcitr ct sans rcproclic. 

The "land of steady habits," which furnished nearly all the material for the foundation of Newark 
and the Oranges, was the original home of the Hine f.miilv. Thomas Hine, the first in America, had a 




r 




EDWIN W. HINE. 



Ti!K Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 459 

liomc lot in Milford, L'oini., January 2S, 1646. Me died in Milford, 1694, leavin(r ten children. It is 
said that lie relieved an Indian, who was fastened on the marsh, by tlie Mohawks, to ])erish bv the bites 
of mosquitoes. For this act he was held in high regard by the neighboring Indians, who said that 
when Hine or his descendants died the Great Spirit took them at once tu his big wigwam. Thomas 
was an early proprietor of Derby, l)ut there is no evidence that he ever lived there. Tiie family of Hinc 
is supposed to be of Scotch Irish descent. Of tlie sons of Thomas only two, Sniiiiu/ and Stephen, 
remained in Milford. 

Samuel Mine was still living in Old Milford in 1750. lie ami his wife went to live with their son, 
(icorgc, in 1769. The name of Samuel's wife is not known. Me died December 23, 1771. 

George Mine, son of Samuel, was born in Milford, and followed the occupation of f.irmer, teamster, 

merchant, etc. Mc married, it is supposed, Jean . He was one of the first settlers of New Milford. 

a record of him appearing at that place October I, 1795. Me had, among other children, a son Danitl. 

Daniel Mine, son of (ieorge and Jean { ) Mine, was born at Old Milford, in 1750. He married 

Mary Stone, about 1775, by whom he had eight children, Daniel, ,\bel, David. I'olly, Mezekiah, Eliza- 
beth, Lyman, Abigail. In May, 1795, he moved to Warren, Litchfield County, Conn., and resided 
there for eleven years In the spring of 1805, he, with others, made a journey on foot to the Western 
Reserx'c, to " st)\- out the lantl." The followitig September two of his sons moved to Johnston, O., and 
in April, 1806, he, with the remaintler of his family, moved to Johnston, and in December following, set- 
tled in Canfield, Ohio. In I<"ebruary, 1810, he located at Shalersville, Portage Co., his son, Hezekiah, 
having preceded him there. His first wife died in 1812, and he married, second, Eunice Sutliff, and, 
third, Phebe Clark. 

David Mine, third son of Daniel and Mar)^ (.Stone) Hine, was born in Milford, Conn., December 9, 
1781. Me moved with his parents to Warren, Conn., and in 1805 moved to Johnston, Ohio., where he 
purchased land for his father, and erected thereon a small shanty. He served with distinction in the 
war of 1812. On May 3, 1810, he was commissioned by the Governor of Ohio, Captain of Third Com- 
pany, First Battalion, Second Regiment, Fifth Brigade and Fourth Division of Ohio .State Militia. Me 
served in this capacity for five years, and was in active service during the entire period of the war of 
1812-15. Mis regiment formed a part of the land forces at Cleveland during Perry's naval engagement 
and victory on Lake Erie, September 10, 1812. In a letter to his wife, dated, " In Camp at Cleveland, 
6th September, iiSi2," he says: " I wish you would send me a shirt made of home-made cloth as soon 
as you can." On September 9, the da_\- before Perry's \ictory, he was at Camp Portage. Captain Hine 
was conspicuous in civil affairs after the close of the war. He was commissioned Justice of the Peace 
by Governor Allen Tremble, May 13, 1822. On February 20, 1806, he married .Achsah Sackett, 
daughter of Benjamin Sackett, of Warren, Conn.; born 1786, died 1831. Shortly after his marriage he 
moved to Canfield, and settled on a farm a little west of Canfield Centre. They had eight children, of 
whom Dciviii (2) was the eighth. 

David Mine, son of David and Achsah (Sackett) Hine. was born in Canfield, O., August 16, 1822. 
He graduated at Williams' College (Mass.) in 1850. and taught in the Academy at Warren, Conn., for 
four years. He moved to Ohio in the autumn of 1854, and accepted a position as Principal of the 
Mahoney Academy. lie was a warm friciul and neighbor of General Garfield, and through the 
latter's influence, soon after the breaking out of the war, he was appointed to a position in the Secoml 
Auditor's office, where he continued until his death, in 1872. He married Harriet Amelia Bridges, 
daughter of A. M. Bridges, of Williamstown, Mass., a descendant of Benjamin Bridges, son of Edward, 
of Topsfield, Mass., 1664. The children of David and Harriet Amelia (Bridges) Hine, were: Helen 
Blanche, born December 25, 1851, died October 7, 1883 ; luhviu \V., born March 17, 1854; Charles 
Augustu.s, born May 2, 1857, died young ; Irene Bridges, born July 12, 1861, died 1862 ; Irene Bridges, 
again, born March 2}^, 1862, died 1866. 

Cm.. tlinviN W.\ki<i:n Hine, son of David and Amelia (Bridges) Hine, was born in Warren, 
Litchfield County, Conn., March 17, 1S54, During infancy he was taken by his parents to Ohio. His 



460 The Founders and Builders of the Oranges. 

early educatiuii was received at the Mahoney Academy, of which his father was principal. At the age of 
thirteen years he went with his mother to Washington, where his father was then holding a government 
position, and completed his education at the High School of that city. He later obtained a position in 
a stationery store, remaining until 1872, when he came to New York and obtained a position as entry 
clerk with the stationery house of George A. Olney & Co., and continued with them until their failure. 
He removed to Orange in 1872 and was for two years with Thomas P. Bayes, dealer in books and 
stationery. He then started in the flour and feed business in the old Academy building, on Main Street, 
near Cone. In 1877 he bought out the old firm of W. H. Tichenor & Co., in the same line of business, 
continuing until 1 890, when he sold it to B. F. Lccoq. Two years before this he became interested in 
the Harvey Steel Company, of which he was made a director in 1889. and he is now the only survivor 
of the original board of five. In May, 189O, in connection with Mr. Harvey, he organized the American 
Washer and Manufacturing Company, of which he was elected President and still holds that position. 
Mr. Hinc has always been an active and earnest Republican. In 187S he was elected for a term of 
three years to represent the First Ward in the Common Council, enjo\ing the distinction of being the 
only Republican in that body, and gaining the sobriquet of "the Lone Star." He proved himself a 
David amidst the hosts of Goliah, and continued the fight, winning success through his own personality. 
It was in 1879 that he was first elected to the Hoard of Chosen Freeholders, and continued as a mcnihcr 
of that body until 1887. Previous to his election as F"reeholder, the First Ward had been represented 
for ten consecutive years by a Democrat. Mr. Hine .served on the most important committees of the 
board and in 1885 was elected director, and was re-elected each succeeding year without opposition. In 
1884 he was a prominent candidate for Sheriff, and received fifty-eight votes in the Republican Conven. 
tion. In 1887 he was nominated for the same office and was elected by a majority of 2,600. He 
discharged the duties of that office without fear or favor, retiring in 1 890 with a clean record and the 
hearty good wishes of his fellow-citizens, irrespective of party. 

Mr. Hine began his military career in 1882 as the chief organizer of the Orange Rifles, and was 
elected First Lieutenant. On Janua'v 1 i, 1886, he was commissioned First Lieutenant and Adjutant of 
the Third Hatallion, N. (i. S. N. J., by Gov. Abbott. He licld this position for five years, until the re- 
organization of the F~irst Brigade, which resulted in the consolidation of the F'irst, Second and Third 
Battalions, forming the Second Regiment. He was, on June 25, 1892, commissioned Captain and Judge 
Advocate, Second Regiment, under Col. Moore. On the latter's promotiuii to Brevet Biigadier-General, 
Capt. Hine was elected, January 25, 1892, Lieutenant-Colonel, Second Regiment, and still liolds that 
position. Col. Hine is a born soldier; he is a man of splemlid physitjue and fine military bearing. 
Should the necessity arise to call him into active service, he will prove ecjual to any emergency. While 
a strict disciplinarian, he is tender ami solicitous of his subordinates, exacting no duty that he himself 
would not do under the same circum,stances. His great pojjularity is due to the fact that he is over- 
flowing with the milk of human kindness, and recognizes in the broadest sense the universal brotherhood 
of man. He is Past Master of L'nion Lodge, No. 11, the oldest in the Oranges, having pa.ssed from 
the South directly to the East, being fully qualified for that high and honorable position, as the suc- 
cessor of such men as Dr. Babbitt, Philip Kingsley, Simeon Harrison and others of equal distinction. 

While out of office, Col. Hine is by no means out of politics. He was chairman of the Esse.x 
County Republican Committee from 1883 to 1886; was chairman of the Orange Republican Committee 
for three years, and its Treasurer for twelve years. He is an active member of the New England 
Society. His religious connections are with the North Orange Baptist Church. It goes without saying 
to add that Col. Hine is generous according to his means, and that he never "passed by on the other 
side" any " worthy distressed brother," but has always acted the part of the Good Samaritan, "doing 
good unto all men. especially to tliose who are of the household of faith." 

Col. Hine married Nellie Sturtevant, daughter of David and Margaret (Rockafeller) Sturtevant, of 
Litchfield County, Conn. The Sturtevants were among the early settlers of Plymouth, Mass., and there 
are nian\- well-known f.imilies of this name living along the banks of the 1 Unison. Of the children <if 



Tin; Founders and Huii.dkks ok the Oranges. 



461 



tills m.iniajje, two arc deceased- 1 1 lIcii Hlanche, born 1-ebriiary 15. 1S76, died in infancy, and Margue- 
rite, born September 20, 1879, died March 17, 1885 ; two living— Walter Kobbins, born December 1, 1877, 
and James Sayers, born Jul_\- 14, 1S82. 



JEPTHA HARRISON BALDWIN. OF ORANOE. 

To Isaac P. and Jeptlia H. Baldwin, his son, belongs the credit of developing the present Directory 
of the Oranges and adjoining townships. When the elder Baldwin began the publication of an Orange 
Directory, in 1870, as the successor of Mr. Hayes, it was a very primitive affair. Under the present 
management it has attained a degree of perfection 
seldom seen in any like publication. Jeptha H. 
Baldwin, the present projorietor, is a native of Orange, 
a son of Isaac P. and a brother of I'rank \\". lialdw in, 
of the Chroiiiclc. He was born in Orange, March 9, 
1849. His earh' eilucational opportunities were very 
limited, but by stutly and observation he has more 
than made up for the lack of early advantages. 
He acquired his first knowledge of the printing 
business in the office of the Orange Joiinia/. In 
1864 he became connected with the Newark Pcii/y 
Journal, first in the mechanical department, and 
subsequently in the editorial rooms as a reporter. 
In the latter capacity he remained for many years. 
He was also for some time associated with the 
Orange Chronicle, in both the mechanical and rejior- 
torial departments. 

He subsequently became associated with his 
father in the publication of the Orange Directory, 
and finally assumed the entire charge of the business. 
Under his management the work has grown from a 
small i2mo. of about three hundred pages to an 
octavo of about a thousand pages. The present 
publication embraces the entire territory covered b_\' 
the Oranges, as well as Bloomfield and Montclair. 
In 1S91, shortl\- after the death of Mr. llolbrook, 
Mr. Baldwin assumed the entire charge of the New- 
ark City Directory. He made many changes and improvements in the character of the work, and it is 
now one of the best directories published outside of New York Cit\', and will compare favorably with 
that of any similar publication in the country. Mr. Baldwin, in 1894, was the first man to atteinpt the 
publication of a Business Directory separate from the City Directory. The success of tiie work has 
fully justified the undertaking, and the people of Newark have given it their hearty support, and appreci- 
ate the efforts of its proprietor. Mr. Baldwin is a pushing, driving, energetic man, not at all liisturbcd 
by temporary losses or discouragements, possessing as he does, the dogged perseverance and indomitable 
will, characteristic of the Baldwin family. 

Mr. Baldwin married Elma Vale Reimer, daughter of Capt. Frederick Reimer, a well-known .sea 
captain, who was noted for his courage and daring. Among his most important achievements was that 
in 1858. when he crossed the Atlantic in charge of the '• Seth Grosvenor," the smallest steamer whicii 
ever crossed the ocean. He took her to Liberia, where she is still in service. Mr. Baldwin had by his 
first wife, Menick Reimer, Cyrus Preston, Marion F.lma ami Ralph I^rinton. Some time after tiie death 
of his first wife he married Hannah 1^. Edwards. 




JKI'TIIA IIAKKISON BALDWIN. 



feps-SONjOll insrDE>c. 



Adams, 104, 140, i4cS. 154, 
189, 190, 220, 264, 371, 373, 
389, 396, 407. 

Aborn, 194, 243, 410. 

Abboll, 151, 460. 

Addis, 43. 

Agar, 249. 

Ackerman, 249. 

Acken. 234. 

Austin, rSi, 203, 204, 232. 

Austen, 238, 239, 240, 247, 430. 

AlsTEN, Kdwaru, 208. 

Allen Kamilv. 380. 

Allen, \V. F., 380. 

Allen, Edwin S., 382. 

Allen, 156, 164, 180, 232, 240, 
358, 361, 362. 3S9. 395,449. 

Ailing, 43, 44,60,94, 141. 253, 

258. 390. 394. 395- 
Allerston, 248. 
Albers, 16. 

Alden, John. 276, 282, 371. 
Albright, 45. 
Alvord, 59. 
Alniy. 361. 
.■Mford, 152. 
Arents. 28, 

.Arnold, 32, 254, 361, 401, 409. 
Arlis, 401. 
Arne, 245. 
.Armstrong, 103. 
Arcul.irius. 205. 
Andrews. 78, 133, 169, 182. 
Andross. 1. 
Anderson, 122, 160, 183. 190. 

191, 213. 401. 
Ashley, Edward W., 456. 
Ashley, 167, 235, 240, 394, 395, 

456. 457- 
Atkins, 303. 
Atkinson, 225. 
Atwater, 251, 258, 
.Atterbury, 1 57. 
Astwood, 67, 39 T, 441. 
Ayres, 244, 245. 
Atwood Family, 440. 
At wood, 440, 441. 
Augevene, 68. 

Auchincloss.Henry B ,333. 
Auchincloss. 1 52. 232, 238, 333. 
Arthur, 283 
Aylesworth, 451. 

Babbitt. Daniel, 261, 
Babbitt, 165, 202, 214, 215, 236, 

244, 261, 262, 460. 
Babson. 363. 
Babcock, 238, 303. 
Bacon, 126, 187, 231,232,240. 
Baker, 141, 177, 237, 245, 355. 
Backus, 51, 137, 250. 
Bailey, 39, 171. 



Badgir, 175, 176. 

liaigree. 148. 

Baldwin, FAMIL^, 42. 

Baldwin, Caleb, 46. 

Baldwin, Cyrus. 46. 

Baldwin, Albert. 47. 

Baldwin, Abram, 47. 

Baldwin. Frank. 226. 
i Baldwin. JEPIHA H., 461. 

Baldwin Homestead, 354. 

Baldwin, 16, 19, 20. 21, 22, 26. 
31,32. 38,40,41.44.45.46, 
47. 48, 49, 50. 62, 63, 68, 73. 
79, 84, 92, 100, 106, 107, 109, 
121, 13?, 134, 140, 141. 168. 
186, 189, 190, 200, 201, 214, 
215, 216, 225, 226, 227, 234, 
235, 236, 237, 239, 243, 244, 
254, 255, 266, 295, 354, 355, 

359- 362, 371. 388- 40'. 449- 
Ballard. 360. 
Ballentine, 254. 
Ball, 15, 19, 41, 48, 60, 70. 92, 

94, 100, 101, 122, 144, 146, 

'53. '75. 176, 302. 354. 359- 

Balbach, 170. 

Barton, 51. 

Barrel. 361, 

Barber. 59, 436, 

Barnard, 435. 

Barber, 81 216. 

Barclay. 3, 19. 

Barges. 216. 

Bartinc, 173, 174. 

Barr, William. 319. 

Barr, 156. 235. 

Barry, 1 1 5, 249. 

Barrett. 131, 173. 220. 

Barnes, 186, 345. 

Brandies, 214. 

Bartlelt. 360. 

Barstow, Frank ()., 454. 

Barstow, 167, 253, 

Baron, 434. 

Bayles. George. M. U.. 296. 

Bayles, 199, 221, 231, 241, 242. 
296. 

Bayley, 166, 198, 199 
' Bayes, 460. 

Banks, 213. 

Bannister, 249. 

Banford, i 58. 

Bancroft, 132. 
j Basset. 94. 
I Baxter, 166. 

Batterson, 262. 

Blake Family, 266. 267. 

Blake, 121, 215, 216, 223, 229, 
237. 238, 239, 251. 

Blatchford, 268. 

Blaurock, 122, 390. 

Blair, 390. 



Blatchley, 15. 

Brady. 245. 

Bray, 245. 

Bracken, 50, 77, 125. 327. 

Bradshaw. 221, 248, 251. 

Bradley, 85, 166, 254. 

Bragg 123. 

Brandt, 173. 

Beach, 26, 54, 92, 137, 144. 14;, 

146, 203. 206, 216, 237, 243, 

247. 
lieaman. 288. 
Beasley, 410. 
Beebe, 185, 360. 
Beekman, 392. 
Bcckwith, 189. 
Beckham. 448, 
Belknap, 376. 
Bell, James, 290. 
Bell, 125, 186. 215, 249. 
Benton, 216. 
Bennett, 237, 361. 
Benjamin, 41. 
Benedict, 170, 254. 
Bentley, 180. 
Belcher. 3. 
Bergner, 234. 
Berry, 77, 164, 16;, 390. 
Berryman, 183. 185. 
Berkley, 362. 

Berg, 214, 215, 244. 258. 417. 
Bergen, 1 1. 
Berkley, 1 i. 
Beeber. 375. 

Brewer, William .A., 367. 
Brewer. 190. 231.232,235. 238, 

241, 252. 258, 352, 353, 357. 
Brennan. 118, 139, 214, 285. 
Brewster, 51.98, 164, 171,247, 
Bleecker, 180. 189. 
Bishop, Rev. Geo. S., 193. 
Bishop, 44, 141, 142. 242. 
Bird. 401. 
Birdsall, 174, 205. 
Beebir, 375. 

15ill<|vist. 235. 358, 360, 361. 
Billings. 211. 
Birney. 69. 
Bigelow, I 29. 

Bingham. 153. 243, 258.394, 
Bliss, 156. 
Billing^on. 248. 
Bridgman. 148. 
Bringham, 152, 200. 
Brice, 175, 177. 
Brintall, 254. 

Brillon, 130, 215, 220, 245. 
Brinton, 5. 
Bridges, 459. 
Boardman, 182. 
Bodmer, 160. 
Bode, 160, 235. 



Bodwell.165, 213, 215. 236,237. 

245- 
Bui.LER, Alfred I'.. 427. 
Holler, 166. 252, 427. 
Boe, 362 
Bond, 16. 
Hoggs, 165, 401. 
Booth, 389, 401. 
Boone, 3. 
Bonnell, 1 10, 130. 
Booracm, 257. 
Boulton, 170, 
Bowman, 389, 390. 
Boylan, 167. 
Boyce, 237. 
Brodessor, 308. 
Brooks, II, 16, 169, 443. 
Browne, 16, 185. 
Brown, 19, 41, 42, 60, 67, 83, 

143. 146. 153. '54. '55. 228, 

25'. 355. 360, 361. 362, 363. 

364, 371. 431. 
Broome, 166, 167. 
Brocas, 167. 

Brockett, Edward J.. 42;. 
Brockett, 1S2, 183, 186, 425, 

426, 427. 
ISroadus, 182. 
Brownini; Fa.mily. 317, 
l!ROWNiN(i, Ross C, 317. 
Browning, Charles R., 316. 
Browning, 194, 216, 245, 250, 

25". 3'5- 
Brower, 254. 
lirody. 216. 
Bruen Family. 449. 
Bruen, 16, 44, 45, 67, 83, 389, 

390. 
Bloomfield. 55. 222. 
Bloodgood, 174. 256, 315. 
Burnet, 3. 41, 148, 303. 
Burwell. 16, 355. 
Burgoyne, 210. 
Burke. John, 328. 
Burke. 51, 228, 239, 254, 314. 

3'5- 
Burt, Edwin C. 280. 
Burt. 92, 166, 181,232, 313, 31 5. 

330- 
Burnham, 148. 
Burkhart, 160. 
Bullard, 418. 

Burton, 93. 245. 247, 248. 
Burgess, 151, 254. I77- 
Bur,-, 144. 183, 185, 186, 
Burris, 77. 

Burdick. 183. 245. 200. 402. 
Burrows. 174. 
Burns, 176. 
Burnside, 302. 
Burroughs, 304. 
Burkhardl, 360. 



464 



Personal Indkx. 



Butin, 191. 
Buchanan, 72. 200. 
Buckingham, 132, 133. 
Hulklev. 173 239. 
Bush, 165, 168. 
Buswell. 2IO. 
Bullz, 175. 177. 
Bushnell, 187. 
Brumley. 86. 
Bluhni, 315. 
Bkush !• amii.v. 378 
Bryan, iii. 396. 
Byllesby, 46. 



Camp. 16, 19. 20. 44. 83. loi, 140, 

214, 289. 
Campbell, 3. 41. 113. 115. 140. 148, 

165. 213. 254. 355, 362. 
Canfiei.d Famii.v. 48. 
Canfield, 15, 16, 37. 39. 94. 95. 105, 

133. 146. 205. 212. 215. 355. 
Carter Famii.v, O.. 287.288, 289. 
Carikk. Aaron. Jr., 288. 
Carter Family, W. O.. 339. 
Carter. Oliver S. 338, 339. 
Carter. 54. 137, 155. 170, 220, 230, 

231. 232 235, 237, 238. 239, 245. 
Carnegie. 452. 
Carr, i, 214. 
Cabot. I. 

Carterec. 2. 3. 11, 37, 100, ^13. 
Carson, 141. 
Carpenter, 176. 
Carver, 435. 
Carringtun 166. 389. 
Cameron. 164. 
Cantine, 166. 
Cairnes. 121, 122. 
Cardwell, 390. 
Case, 24. 287, 
Cassidy, 258. 396, 401. 
Callan, 198. 
Catlin. 21. 22, 80. 
Calling. 18, 20 
Cady, 165. 182. 
Carol, 44. 
Calberson, 389. 
Callahan, 197, 198. 
Chandler, 81, 146. 156, 157, 159. 249, 

258, 362. 450. 
Chapman, 36, 46. 135, 218. 
Chambers. 158, 159, 199 
Ch.ambhss, 180, 186. 
CJhadwick. 193. 
Chapin, 425. 
Clark, -,8, 63. 114, 169 173, 189. 190, 

192, 237. 245, 254, 255, 361, 395. 
Clay, 170. 
Craig. 43. 62, 396. 
Crane, 15. 16. 19. 32, 33, 37, 41, 44, 

45, 69 70. 71, 72, 73. 76. 84. 94, 

:o2. 105, 106, 109, 115, 122, 127, 

133. 134. 147. 172. 174, 190, 202. 

214, 217, 237. 243. 245, 302, 449. 
Cleaver, 143. 
Chew, 194. 

Cleveland, 122. 165. 215. 220. 
Clements, 434. 
Crippen, 390. 
Clinton, 33. 

Chisolm. Ogden B., 349, 351. 
Chittick. 169, 251. 
Criss, 183. 
Child, 170. 
Christian, 171. 
Chiller, 199. 
CoBURN, C. M., 458. 
Coddington, 450. 
Coxe. 3. 43. 439- 
Cox, 227. 229, 231, 326 
Cook, 393. 
Coon, 244. 
Cornbury, 3. 
Cortlandi. 32. 
Cornwallis, 35. 



Cone, 36. 44, 128, 179. 
Cowman. 22. 
CoNDiT Family. 51. 
CoNUiT, Ira 11.. 53. 
CONUIT, F-LIA,S M.. 53. 
CONDIT. JOTIIAM H.. 56. 

Condit, 36, 39. 41, 44, 48, 49, 52, 53. 
54- 55. 71. 72. 73- 75 78. 92. "4. 
116, 119. 120 121, 122, 130. 133. 
134, 140, 177, 188, 192, 204, 213, 
214, 215, 216, 218, 236. 237, 243, 
244, 245, 261, 303. 306. 307, 308, 

„3°9. 314. 389. 39'. 395. 39^. 4"- 

Connett. Elgene v.. 366. 

Conneil, 164.214 357. 360, 361,367. 

Conway, 164. 

Coi.iE Family. 414. 

Coi.iE, Fuuaru .\I., 415. 

Colie. 147. 253. 237, 243 258. 

Coe, 44. 399. 

Cobb, 158, 159. 

Coburn, 141. 

Cole, 141. 

Collins. 90. 173. 

Colgrove, 123. 

Corbit, 174. 

Cook, 130, 185. 191. 

Cooke, 240. 

Cooper, 47. 

Coolbalgh. F. \V., 451. 

Coolbaugh, 396, 401, 402. 

Couinont, 220, 245. 

Cooper, 457. 

CoLLAMORE. FAMILY. 340. 
COLLA.MORE, DAVIS, 342 

CoUamore. 230, 231, 303. 338. 

Coker. 186. 

Colgate Family. 281. 

Colgate. Samuel, 281. 282. 

Colgate K. M . 334. 

Colgate, 181, 199. 200. 229. 231, 232. 

236, 237. 238, 247, 315, 333. 362, 

363,427. 
Colby, Gardner R., 420. 
Colbv, 181. 183, 186, 230, 231, 237, 

238. 239, 389 402, 426. 
Colton, 191, 250. 
Coon, 245. 
Conkiing, 192. 
Collyer, 194. 
Courier, 353. 
Cortelyou, 357. 
Conover, 215. 
Corning, 232. 
Corson, 239. 
Gotten, 433. 
Cory, 107. 
Converse, 437. 
Cornell, 105. 169, 205. 
Cornwell. 406. 
Coggeshall, 251. 
Croful, 122. 186. 214. 
Corlies, 166, 249. 
Coppinger, 213. 
Covne, 122. 168. 245, 390, 389, 395. 

396- 
Cropsey, 91. 
Cowenhoven. 91. 
Cross. 173, 254, 255, 360. 361, 362, 

365- 
Crowell. 41. 42. loi. 147. 355. 400. 
Crowe, 214. 
Clorer, 214. 
Crozier, 361. 
Colcy, 340. 
Crowe, 214. 
Clows, 209. 

Curtis. 16. 67, 156, 157, 183, 363. 
Cuis. 252. 
Cutler, 199. 231. 
Cults 232. 
Cusack, 215. 
Cushing, 251,341. 
Cushman, 294. 
Culpepper. 270. 
Cutler, 322, 433. 
Currv, 182. 



' Cummings. 214. 

Cunningham. 174. 
I Cushman. 41. 
I Chlrch, Kdward F.. 376. 

Church. 174, 175. 179. 180. 200. 357. 
396. 

Cruikshank. 254. 

Crimibie, 166. 

Chubb, 194. 



Day Family, 57. 

Day, 16, 20, 22, 38, 39. 40. 41. 44. 
47- 79. 84. 103. 114, 120. 174, 214, 
215, r43, 244. 302. 303 401. 

Davto.s- Fa.milv. 414. 415. 

Davis, j6, 42. 28. 152, 169. 170. 175, 
177, 180, 185, 245, 326. 341. 

Daniels, 166. 441. 

Davenport, 12. i8, 100, 177, 426. 

Daglish, 48. 

Darby, loi. 

Darcy, 130. 

Danner, 147. 150, 171. 

Darnslaedi. 160, 228. 

Daum. 178, 389. 

Dates, 389. 

Davey, 396, 397, 399, 400. 

David. 185 

Dashiell. 173. 174, 220. 

David, 185. 

Drake. 183 221, 362, 425 

Drayton, 186. 

Dean, 41, 226, 323. 

Dennis. 8g. 229. 254. 

DeWltt. 389. 

Decker, (,'has. M.. 289. 

Decker, 77, 83, 108. 166, 168, 174, 
214. 215. 394. 395 

Dean, 214. 

Deninan. 413 

Delhonde. 274. 

Devon, 362. 

Dearborn, 222, 250. 

Del Ian, 402. 

Delano. 153. 154 194. 297. 

Deegan. 164. 242. 

Dewar, 148. 

Denslow. 164. 

Dennison. 74. 

Drew, 170, 214. 

Dill Family. 442. 

Dill, James B., 443 

Dill, 141, 258. 

Diller, 165. 

Dillon, 253. 

D1CKIN.S0N, Rev. James T., 184. 

Dickinson. 144. 183 

Dickson. 166. 182. 

Dixon. 235. 

Drinston 74. 

Dwinel, 448. 

DoDD Family. 59- 

DoDii. Matthias M., 61. 

D()i)i>. Betiiuel. 61 

Doiii), Samuel M., 63 

DoiiD, Reuben, 64 

Doini. Calvin, 66. 

Dodd, 22, 23, 27, 37, 45, 52, 59. 73, 
75, 76, 89. 99. too, 109, no, 114, 
121, 125. 133. 134. 135. 137, 140, 
141, 152. 153. 165. 188. 201, 206, 
214, 216, 236. 238. 240. 243 244. 
245, 249, 288, 304. 389, 390 402, 

425- 
Doolittle. 145. 
DoRF.MUs Family, 402. 
Doremus. Ei.ias O.. 403. 
Dorenius, 128. 165, 201, 238, 243. 

245, 251, 288. 383, 389. 396. 
Doty, 65, 152 

Douglass, 152, 229, 240, 414. 
Doddwell, 122. 
Dobbins. 175, 178. 
Doaiic, 116, 149, 163, 164, 165. 
Dorland, 363. 
Doran, 390. 



Dover, 389. 
Dorer, 390. 
Dowd, 156. 380. 
Dow, 173. 
Downs, 174. 
Downer, 148. 
Duncan, 125. 
DuBois. 43. 
Dudley, 200. 
Dulcher. 200. 
Dunnell. 225. 
Dunham, 240. 
Durand, 245. 360. 
Dull. 141. 
Duflfy, 248. 260. 
Durkee, 390, 401. 
Drummond, 305. 
Dum. 174. 
Dyckman, 245, 247. 
Dyer, 251, 361. 

Easton, 142. 

Eaton, 190. 

F'ager, 361. 

Edgar, 361. 

Evans, 155. 361. 

Edwards, 32. 171 173,244.270,324. 

Erdman. 135. 228. 249. 

Edsall, 15. 16. 

Eckman. 174. 

Elder, 174. 

Eckert, 248. 

Everest, 159. 

Estey, 210. 

Eve'ritt Family, 267. 268. 

Everitt. 31, 163, 202. 209. 215, 216, 

245. 261. 268. 269. 391. 
Egner. 160. 205. 207. 208. 216. 
Egner, Henry W., 208. 
Ellis. 210. 

Elliott, 170 375, 390, 
Ellison, 174. 

EUinwood. 177, 231, 247. 
Edison, Thomas A., 334, 335. 
Edison, 250, 315. 
Ensign, 122, 152, 207, 220. 244. 
Ennis, 122. 
English, 16, 54. 
Evison, 249. 
Eldridge, 259, 
Engor, 203. 
Ellor, 389 390. 
Ely, 126, 171, 173, 187, 244, 251, 215. 



Fairley, 304. 

Failad'e, 353. 

Farrington, 165. 

Fairbanks, 166. 

Farkei.l. Eugene \V.. 224. 

Farrell, 323. 358. 

Faunce, 182. 

Faulks. 174, 179. 

Faller, 177, 

Fales. 210. 

Farr, r. H. Powers, 257. 

F'arr. 234, 235, 256, 257. 

iRANKi.iN. William II , 394. 

Franklin. 166. 167, 235, 243, 252, 

258. 390. 395. 404. 41-0. 
Franklin Ho.mestead, 408. 
Farmar, 24. 
Farmer. 222, 358. 
Farrand, 26, 
Faren, 41, 
Farnsworth, 232. 
F'ay, 304. 
Faikner, 170. 
Farmeloe. 171. 
Fancon, 171 
Farnsworth. 373. 
Fraz/vr Family. 282. 
Frazar. Everett, 283. 
Frazar. 83. 137. 231, 232. 252. 
Fairchild. 129, 142. 
Francis, 146. 



Pkrsonai. Index. 



465 



Frunck. 249. 

Ferris, Mirkav W.. 386. 

Ferry, George J., 207. 

Ferrv, 160. 179. 203. 205. 207, 338, 

247- 

Fenner, 164, 263. 357. 

FentzLiff, 161. 

Fki.i., Lahkenck T.. 209. 

Fell. 125, 2o6, 207, 249. 

Fenwick. 12 

Frsscnden. 190. 237. 

Felly, 234. 

Freeman Family. 67. 

Freeman A. H., '38. 

Freeman. Joseph A., 69. 

Freeman. Wii.iierforce. 69 

Freeman. 16. 21, 22, 24. 26. 40, 41, 
44 45. 75 'oi. '07. 121. 122. 132, 
133, 141. 144. 146. 15b. 158. 164. 
174 186. 203. 205, 214. 216. 219, 
220, 223, 229. 237, 239, 245. 246, 
259. 26t, 269, 305. 359. 361. 363, 

^364- 

French. 165. 

Freil. 207. 

Frerichs. 91. 

Fkelinghisen. Frederick, 257. 

Frelinghuysen. 46, 121, 255, 257. 

Fletcher, 373. 

F'leming. 10, 197. 2^7. 

Fish. 85. 

Fisher, 140. 146, 210. 367. 401. 

Fischer, 2x4. 

F'rrzGERALD, W. J., 223 224. 

Fin, 39 

Field. 237, 251, 303. 304 

Fiskc. 343. 459. 

Fitch, 94. 167. 240. 253. 362, 

Fish. 254. 

Friday. 2^5. 

Fort Family. 430. 

Fort, John Fra.nklin. 431. 

Forbes. 19. 

Foster, 45, 175. 

Force, 112, 362. 400. 

Ford, 144. 

Fortmeyer, Geori^e \\'., 148. 235, 
340, 390. 401. 402. 

Folwell. 184. 

Fonda. 189. 

FoLsoM Family, 326. 

Foi.soM, Henry, 328. 

Foi.som, Henry 1., 328. 

Folsom, 166 232, 234, 315. 

Fowler, 231, 241. 315. 389. 

Fountain, 141. 

Frost, 164. 

Fuller, 191. 

Furnian, 194. 



Gates Famii.\ . 444. 

Gai'es, IssAi E., 445. 

Gates, 183. 231, 232, 4^4. 445 

Garfield, 459. 

(jallison, 235. 401. 

Garrison, "W. I, . 332. 

Garrison. 146, 230. 232. 305, 314. 

315. 326, 417. 
Garden, 176. 
fiardner, 24. 41. 87. loy. 125. 175, 

222. 245, 362. 380 
Gallagher. 140. 
Gans, 244, 345. 
Garner, 300. 
Galbrailh. 362. 

(J-'ge. 363 
Gamble, 401. 
CJasner, 244. 
G.arth;rwaite. 107. 
Gault, 426. 
Graham, 205, 365. 
(Jraves, 229 231, 232. 
Gray, 144. 177. 252. 
Grant, 155 156. 
Graulicl). 160. 
Gramies, 303. 



perber, 345, 

Gerbeit. 216. 

George, 144. r45. 

Gellally, 181. 237 436. 

Gerberl, 160. 

Gcdney, 401, 

Geer, 445. 

Green, David E., 325. 

Green, \\ ii.liam, 326. 

(jreen, 29, 151, 152. 161, 190, 300. 

24s. 246. 313.315, 395.439- 
Greason, 186 
Gregory, 13. 258. 389 
Greely, 326. 
Gibbons, 248. 
Gilbert 189. 
Gilder, 173, 174. 
Gilntorc, 174, 266. 
Gilmnn, 327. 
Gilson. 171. 
Gill. John, 210. 
Gill. 137. 206, 207. 212. 213, 216, 

232, 235. 239. 392. 
Gilbert. 13. 



Gillam, 33. 
Gillman. 304. 
Gilles, 362. 
Gillespie, 309 401. 
Gist. 214. 
Gildcrsleeve, 144. 
Giffin, 156. 249. 
Giftbrd, 182. 239, 374. 
Griffin, 170. 362. 3(53. 
Grinsted. 215. 245. 
(ireswold. 266. 
Grimes, 389. 
Origgs. 43'- 
Gomez, i 
(Jould, 26. 363. 
Goddard, 144. 
Goodman, 376 
Gordon, 38, 123. 
Goodell, 326 
Godfrey, 362. 
Goodwin, 440. 
Gordon. 182. 
Glover, 34 
Groves. 13, 148, 396. 
Gross. 177. 
Guild, 46. 
Gruet, 243, 
Gruhnerl. 160, 161. 



I larding. 421. 

Harrison. 15. 19, 21, 22 37. 40, 41. 
51. 53. S3. 64. fV}. 67, 76. 78. 80. 
90, 99. 100, 101. 105. 107. 109, 114, 
117. 120. 125. 226, 128 133. 134, 
135, 141. 162, 166. i68, 169, 173. 
180, 200. 202 213. 214, 215, 219, 
234, 236. 237. 243. 244, 245, 249. 
303, 304. 318, 354. 388. 389. 460. 

Hakrison Family, 70. 

Harkison, Simeon, 72. 

Hakkison, Ira, 73. 

Harrison. Aaron Burr, 74. 

Halsey. 56, 98. 147, 190, 239. 387. 

Hand. 93 

Hartshorne, 44. 

Harrington. 98. 439, 440. 

Harper, 148. 

Hardy, 3. 

Hartley, 153. 

Hartig, 161. 

Hart, 203. 

Harrop. 206. 214. 

Il.irdwick. 183. 

Hart, 357. 361. 

Hague, 181, 183. 

Harding, 441. 

Hartiorii, George H.. 208. 

Hartford, 206, 209. 

Ilamilion. 3. 19, 72, 191. 245. 3'''- 

Hansen, 161. 

Hageinan, 163. 



Hancock. 104. 

Haskell, Li.kweli.v.n S., 313. 

Hnskcll. 8. 46. 135. 136, 140, 143, 

172. 236 237, 245. 
Hall I'Amilv, 439. 
Hall. Henry H . 440 
Hall, 91, 158. 159, 164, 235, 249. 
Haley, 216. 

Halsted M. O.. 406, 407. 
H.alstcd. 128. 266. 365 38<i. 415, 
Hatfield. 136 
Hatt Family, 404. 
Halt, 171/. 180. 31/0 
Handy. lt>4. 
Hanlcn, 174. 
Hancheti. 248. 

Harvey, Havward A., 386, 287. 
Harvev, Thomas W., 387. 
Ila'vey, 190, 206, 221. 
Hardy, 249 274. 
Hale, Rev. Kdward Everitt, 

195. 
Hay. 144, 153. 
Hays. 101. 
Harris. 201. 
Hasselman, 160. 
Hay. 186. 
I Inwley, 190. 
[ lard in. 220 
Handi-I. 234, 235 
Hanclieit, 24}. 
Hansen, 444. 
Hankins, 244. 

XHare, 252. 363 
Hathaway. 232, 258, 296, 397. 363, 
, 395. 396- 
I-laynes, 265. 

H.awkcsworth, 35, 28, 362. 
Hazard, 152, 237, 303. 
Hatch, 239. 
llnllet, 384. 
Hamm, 389. 
Hagenieyer, 363, 
llathorne, 343. 
Hayes. 355. 
Hammard. 176 
Hawes. 179. 441. 
Haxtun, 366. 
Heddcn, 4. 45. 63, 88, 99. 140. 147, 

179. 183, 188, 189. 21 •, 239, 258. 

353. 389. 401, 405. 
Heckwcldcr, 4. 5. 
Hedenberg, 105. 
Heirsted. 114, 
Henderson, 122. 
Herbert, 254, 255, 257. 
Herring, 259. 
Herman, 234. 290. 
liegeman. 237. 
Hcckscher, 239, 266, 308, 310. 
Henry. 231. 245. 
Hepburn, 295. 
Heberling. 231. 
Hevnor. 384. 
Hetzel. 392. 
Ilerschel. 194. 
Herov, t6o 
Heai.d Family. 323. 
Heai.d, Daniel A., 322 
Heai.d, John O., 292. 
Heald, 190, 229, 230, 231, 232, 235, 

318, 315. 362. 
Hcnriclis, 170. 
Ilcadley, 253. 
Heisler. 431. 
Hewitt, 445. 
HicKOK, Kev H. F.. 141. 



Hiikok, 141. 152. 153, 155, 158, 160. 

Hitch Family. 296. 

Hitch. Henry. 297. 

Hitch. 194, 331. 240, 243. 354. 

Hitchcock, 137 

Hicinbotham, 153. 

Hickey. 195. 

Hickb'olim, 401. 

His, 148, 251. 

Hill, 163 180, 220. 245, 315. 



Hillycr. 65, 103. 135, 136, 140. I43. 

173. 236. 215. 
Hiilon. 389. 

HiNE. liinvis W.. 458. 
Hine. 244 45*. 4S9. *6o. 
Hilliard, 174 
Hildrcih 173. 
Hognn, 410 

Hoyt. kEv. Jamks, 136. 
Hoyi. 30. 134. ijs. 136. 138, 147. 

150 160. 172. 182. 303 375. 
Hopkins. 173. 
Hohari, 362 
Hobbv. 37:;. 
Holl.ihd. 158 
Holmes. 115. 1&2, 163, it* -■'•< 

»47. 25 • 
Hoiicrw«>rth. 401. 
Horige, 132 
Hohirr, 107, 
Hoerili, 161. 
Hooker. 47, 191. 
Honeyman. 153. 
Hosmcr. 434. 

Horn. William C, 455. 
Horn. 169. 258, 394. 395, 455, 45'' 
Hodge, 327 
Hop, J45. 
How kins, 288. 
Hogcncanip, 173. 
Hodgkinson, 306. 314. 
Hogan, 213. 
Hopper, 226. 
Hotienroth 259. 
Howe Family, 434. 

Howe, (Ieorge. K., 415. 

HowK, William K., 315. 

Howe. 131. 163. 169. 190. 191. 201, 
216. 23":, 232, 238. 241. 242. 345. 
400. 

Howell, 185. 

Howard. 188. 221, 313. 333 389. 

Hiibbell, 191. 

Hubharti 276. 

Hubbins. 389 

Huribert, 158, 215, 336. 337, 400. 

Hnghson, 199 

Hl'TCHINsoN. AiiHY, 271. 

Hutchinson, 146. 23}. 

Hutchins, 271. 422. 

Hunt. 429 

Hunter. 173. 189. 

Hntton, 310. 

Hussey, 247. 250. 

Hunting 367. 

Huntington. 15, 34. 418, 425. 447- 

Hulsizer, 439. 



Inglesby. 3. 
Inglesbe, 244. 
Irving. 152. 
1 1 gin. 161. 
Ingnlls. 331. 
Iddings, 340. 
Inghng, 345, 248. 
Innis. 343. 



larolcmon, 32, 389. 

Jaques, 62. 

Jacobs. 67. 

Jackson, 129. 

Janes, 173. 174. 178. 

jayne, 174. 199. 

J.acobus, igj. 384 394, 395. 

J.imes. 234 ITor-^^ 

jansen. 416 * 

Jamison. Frank. 224 

Jamison. 223. 

Jenkins, 216, 22^7. 

JefTrey, 175. 

jefTries, 100. 

Jessup, 157. 

Jepson, 289, 401. 

Jenks, 372. 

Jennings. 3, 452. 



466 



Personal Indkx. 



Jenkins. 435. 

Jones Family. 76. 

Jones. 16. 30. 41. 48. 73. 74. 76. 92. 
93. Mfi- 147. >52. >57. iS3. 213, 
245, 286. 290, 315, 372, 375. 389. 

453- 
Johnson Family, E. O., 416. 
Johnson, 15. 16. 19 22. 41, 45. 71. 

123, 124. 127, 222, 226. 250, 251. 

288. 318, 355. 417. 
Jolios. 24. 
Jiibe, III. 192, 247 
Judd. 258 
Judson, 181. 183. 247 



Kasson, 250. 

Ke.in, 254. 401. 

Keene, 3 

Kearney. 122. 

Kerr. 150. 

Kern. 161. 

Keck. 177 235. 

Kerin. 195. 197. 

Keiulig. £75. 

Kemblc. 177. 

Kels,Tl 204. 

Kent. 2 13. 216. 

Kellogg. 235. 444 

Kelsey, 141 

Kenyon. 147, 389. 

Kelly. 255. 362. --. 

Kennealy. 303, 

Kenney.'305. 

Knears. 363. 

Kennedy. 222. 232 

Ketchani, 271. 

KiNGSi EY Family, 264. 

Kingsley. 80. 122. 201, 216, 229. 232, 

236, 237, 460 
King. 406. 
Kilbonie. 200 346. 
Kilburn. 66. 78. 85. 108, 137. 144. 

157. 214. 24s. 374. 
Kingsland. 22. 
Kingsbury, 152. 
Kiersted. 247. 
Kingman Family 370. 
Kingman, 229, 357, 358. 
Kliiicken. 416. 
KiDDEK Family. 292. 
KiUDEK, Ci. C, 294. 
Kidder, 170, 232, 363. 
Kirlland, 152. 166, 229, 237, 239, 

240. 
KlMMAi.L, HoKACIC, 227. 
Kimball. 98, 170. 225, 305. 440. 
Kiichcll, 16, S3. 109. no. 146. 168. 
Kitclien, 247. 
Kissaiii, 131, 256. 
Kitsall, 173. 
King. 191, 389. 405. 
Knight. 152. 238. 241. 389. 
Kotcher, 303. 
Kovanaugh, 244. 
Knox. 34. 
Kroch. 167. 251. 

Knowles. 174. 177. 200. 246. 247. 
Kulcher. 177. 401. 
Kuniz, 161. 
Kynor, 183. 221. 



Lafayelle, 32, 33. 34, 45. 269. 

Lardlrin, 24. 

Larned. 362. 

Long, 120. 

Lamb. 150. 158. 159. 

Laihbnry, 247. 

Lang, 389. 390. 391,396. 

Lane, 155. 156. 253. 389, 395. 

Latibat, .Alphonsc, 310. 

Lawric, 1. 19. 

Lanison, 41. 

Laylon, 43. 

Lawrence. 46. 51. 441. 



Lacis, 46. 

Lampson, 62, 114. 

Lansing. 157. 

La Pierre. 258. 395. 

Leonard, 262. 

Lethbridge. 215. 249. 303. 

Leveridge. 391. 

Levcrich, 442. 

Leile, 13. 

Leonard, 117. 

Lees, 244 

Lee, 123 170. 173. 23s, 256 

Lewis, 164. 191. 

Lindsley Family. 78. 

Lindsley, 39 41. 44, 58. 60. 75. 76. 

117. 120. 121. 131, 133. 137. 144. 

166. 178, 200. 201. 202, 214, 215. 

216, 219. 221. 232. 236. 243. 249. 

284. 290. 303. 306, 353. 359, 392. 
Linlc, 16. 78 
Lincoln. 121. 440. 
Liverniorc. 194. 
Libby. 247. 401. 
Livingston. 249 
LiGHTHiPE Family. 260. 
Lighihipe, 131, 163, 201. 213. 214, 

215, 260, 261, 302, 307. 392. 
Little, 174 

Loiitrel. 164. 168. 358. 361. 
Lockwuod. 166. 176, 
Lorrinier. 182. 
Leve, 201, 227. 
Lord, 245. 
Logan. 401. 
Laihrop, 140. 146. 
Longstreet. 123. 
Loundes. 164. 
Long, S. M., 428. 
Long. 389. 390, 401. 
Loraine, 261. 
Lowney, 401. 
Lovelace. 3. 

LHoM.MEDiEf Family. 294. 
L'lloniniedieu. 362. 
Lord, 231. 

Lowrie. 237. 240. 247. 
Lowther. 158. 
Looinis. 225. 
Lloyd. 152. 239. 362. 
Ludlow. Kev. J. .\l,. 14S. 
I.udloH . 147. 148, 149 150. 156, 157. 

"58. 
Ludluin. 148. 209. 
Liidington, 42, 288. 
i.unL 362. 
Lmnsden. 244. 
Luff. 189 239. 
Ltidwick. 166 
Lucas, 23. 24. 
Lyon, ;5, 16. 45. 58. 70, 78, 173. 

, 213. 355. 389- 
Lyman, 230, 232, 



Mandevii.le Family. O.. 83. 
Mandevii.le Family. S. O , 383. 
Mandeville. H. .^., 384. 
Mandeville, 47, 204, 215,228, 258, 

358, 375 
Manning, 2. 99 180 292. 325. 362. 
Madison, 75. 120. 
Manii/. 161 

Marshall, 173, 174, 176, 257. 258. 
.Marsh. 235. 240. 
Mahew, 239. 360. 
Marr, 77. 
Mann. 171. 174. 191, 221, 222,231, 

237. 242. 244. 247. 250. 
Martin, F, K . 333. 
Mak I IN. C. J.. 333. 
Marline, 59. 
Marcy Family, 344. 
Marcy, Erasti^s E.. 345. 
Marcy. Randolph B.. 346, 349. 
Marcy. 143 144 
Maxwell. 145. 146. 362. 414. 



Mason, 44. 131, 137, 174. 187, 191, 
253. 266. 330. 331. 332. 334. 335. 

343. 435- 
Marsh. 140. 168. 
.M.'illory. 142. 
Mayland. 32. 
Marr. 152. 
Marks, 155. 
Magee. 148. 
Martin. 153, 181. 185. 192.228, 229, 

231, 232, 239. 240, 247. 315. 362. 

363- 438 
Marvin. 166. 237. 
Maichett. 180 
Mc.Xnbur. 182. 
Matterson. 439. 

Matthews. Capt. A. M.. 122. 
Matthews. 178. 121. 122. 123. 124. 

125. 126 170. 186. 206. 213. 214. 

215. 216, 238, 239. 240. 249. 262. 

313- 

Matthias. 172 

Mather. 87 

Mavers. 16:; 

.McCiane. 188. 
'^ McCabe. 156. 
I McAdain. 389. 
1 McCarthy. 197. 
1 McKay. 195. 

McNamee. 207. 

MctJall, 214. 

Merrill. 82. 401 

Merrell. 251- 

Merchant. 418. 

Merritt. 435. 

Meeker Family. 413 

Meeker. 125, 129 257, 289. 413. 

Melvin 327 

MerwirL 174, 245. 

Melon. 186 

.\lEAi) Family. 374 

Mead. 191. 232, 249. 357. 358. 360, 

36"- 363- 374 37.i. 37*. 3</'- 
.\IelcalI. 78. 212. 229. 231. 256. 
Mecs. 234. 
Means. 237. 250. 
Merrick. 230. 313. 
Meclialick. 169. 
Meyers. 231, 239. 245. 
McCi.ELLAN Gen. G B.. 347. 
McClellan. 122. 125. 153. 254. 310. 

347. 428. 
McPherson. 147. 150. 
McLeod. 180. 
McDerniott. 192. 
McChensey, Leonard. 227. 
McChesney, 122. 125 203. 204, 213. 

214. 225, '245, 249. 
McGee. 362. 
Middleditch, 363. 
.Miller, in, 155. 156, 180 303. 361, 

363. 390. 395 429. 45°- 
Mills. 153, 391. 366. 402. 407. 
Milliken. 195. 
Milan. 416. 

.Minott Family. 372. 
Minott. 234. 367. 392 393. 
Mix, 136. 146, 152. 154. 160 221. 
Migeon, 370. 
Mitchell Family. 87. 
Mitchell. Aakon I'.. 88 

Ml ICHEI L, W'iNTHKtjP [)., 89. 

Mitchell, George I... 89. 
I Miichtll, 92. 99. 128.173 '88.355, 

389. 390. 444. 
' Minor. 39 

McW'liinney. 183. 

Mcllvane. 168, 401. 

Mclntyre. 159. 

McKine. i'>4. 

McKicllop, 444. 

MotTai, 435 

.M.iore, 165, 214, 245, 293. 313. 3<)0, 
401. 
I Morrison. 362 377. 

Moulton. 315. 329. 
, .Morse, 237, 247, 282, 400. 



.Mohr. 235.248. 

Mosley. 191. 

Molt. 250. 

Moody. 199. 

Morris. 3. 88. 76, 79, 166, 244, 245, 

251- 
Morgan, 89. 435, 457. 
Morster. 175. 
Moller, 259. 

Morehouse. 148, 189. 193. 
Morrow. 360. 401. 
McC. .Morrow, 156. 240. 
Mohr. 216. 
Monroe, 221. 
McCov, 108. 148, 152. 2^4, 243. 361, 

363' 

McCoiinell, 359. 

McColhim. 304. 

McDougall. 235. 

McGowan. 245. 

McCord. 120. 

McCormac. 143. 

McCloud. 390. 401. 

Minn Family. L. O , 92. 

MuNN Family. W. O., 329. 

MUNN, O. D., 33r. 

Munn. 36. 45. 46. 55. 60, 71. 78. 79, 3 I 5 V^ 
81, 107, 115. 121. 130. 147, 254, ^ 

314, 315, 362. 363. 389. 391. 392. 

393. 400 
Mullord. 53. 107 237,201. 
Muder. 363. 
Mulligan. 146 156. 157. 
Mulholland. 168. 
Murphy, 173 254. 
Murchinson, 176. 
Miinther. 362. 

MuUins, Priscilla, 276. 282. 371. 
Mullins. William, 371. 
Murtha. 401. 
MuUer. 391. 
.McMullen, 362. 
McCiirdy. 165. 
McCiillagh. 171. 
Myers. 44. 
McGlynn, 305. 



N'aiike. 189. 

Napier, 46. 

Nagle. 437. 

Newman, 152, 199. 

Newell, 156. 

Nevins. 156. 

Nevius, 189. 263. 

Newton. 51, 146. 164 189. 

Newbold. 428. 

Ncwcomb. 441. 

Nicoil, 2. 140. 

.Nichols. 146 277, 413. 

Nott. 389. 

Norcross, 380. 

Nortlirup. 213. 

Notniand. 94. 

Norton. 425. 

Nutman. 52. 102. 114. 117. 302 

Nunn, 245. 



Oatnian. 258. 

Overman. 299. 

Ohlman. 392. 

Oakley, 246. 

Olef. 21. 22. 200. 302. 

Odell, 247. 

Ovcrmuller. -03. 

Odenheimer. 116. 164. 

Ogden. 41, 42. 44. 133. 141, 156, 

168, 241, 406 413. 
Owen, 174. 177. 
Oven. 213. 
Ollerbein. 214, 216. 
O'Neill, 198. 205 206, 236. 237. 
O'Reilly, 207. 
Oxenbridpe. 325. 
Olis. 247, 401. 
O Connor, 197, 303. 



Pkrsonai Index. 



467 



O'Kourke, 216. 

Oridie. 331. 

Orr, 149. 

Osboni, 41, 164. 360. 301. 363, 403. 

Oi.coTT. Geiiki.k r., 393. 400 

Oughellrfe, 389, 390. 

Osmun. 120. 140. 



ParbOii. 122, 244. 

Paine, 39, 

Parcel. 32, 

I'arkinson. 242, 

I'alter, 326. 

Paiterson, 152. 404 

ParroU, 4 t- 

Parkm.in. 3, 

Paddock, U/ii. 

Palmkk Kamii.v, 447. 

Palmer, 174. 176, 252, 253, 2j8, 

362, 
Pace, Hknkv A , 257. 
Page, 164. 229, 231, 238. 239. 254, 

25s 257 258. 360 362. 365 

P.nrinly. 185. 

Pattison, 182. 

Pa TTON Kamii.y. 269. 

Paiion, 205, 234. 

Parish, 254, 315. 

I*alen. 363. 

Parry, 361. 

Paul, 315. 

Park 354. 

Pancoas(, 363- 

Paucher. 401 

park' r, k. vvavsk.257. 

Partridge, Samuei;, 344. 

Prait, 131. 

Place, 153. 

Piatt, 431 

Pe< K Family 94. 

Peck. i6. 26. 30. 37 76. 77. 88, 92, 
112. 114. 133 140 145. 146. 216, 
236. 290. 360 404. 

Preston, 174. 

Pearson, 244. 

Personnette. 44. 

Peil, 78. 

Perry, no 122.183 '"4. 249. 

Pearce, 244 

Peabody, 194. 

Peebles, 451. 

Pennington, 16. 96, 253, 288. 

Penn, 11. 

Peterson. 158. 160. 

Pettit. 187. 235. 241. 252. 

Perine, 174, 214 247, 305. 

Perkins, 327. 

Peine, 249. 

Preltymaii, 174. 

Prescott, 231. 238, 250. 323. 

Prall. 164. 

Phelps, 247, 438. 

Phillips. 417. 

P1ER.S0N K.\Mil.v. 100. 

Pierson, 12, 15, 17, 18, 20, 25. 26, 
32. 41. 42. 44 46, 49, 55, 59, 65, 
7'. 76. 77 82, 92. 96, 97. 98 loi, 
112. 122. 124. 132, 133. 136. 138, 
140. 141. 147. 152. i65. 190 200. 
201. 203. 204. 207. 214, 215. 216. 
217 220. 221, 228. 229. 231. 236, 
237, 233. 239, 240. 241, 24;, 249, 

254- 257- 287. 305. 309. 353 359. 

388, 392 393. 
Pitman. 172. 
Pfizer, 254. 

Price, 46, 181, 220. 318, 362, 363. 
Peckslcy. 169. 253. 
Pitcher.' 254. 
Pillott, 266 310. 
Post, 32. 46. 164, 

Porter, 69. 122, 203, 215, 216, 256. 
Power, 158. 
Poiicher. 390. 
Powles. 140. 38<:). 
I'oTTER l-AMil.v, 436. 



Potter. IIeskv A.. 438. 
Potter. 149 153 251, 25a, 340. 401. 

413, 436 437. 438 
Polls. 174. 
Proctor, 173. 
Powers. 163 
Provosi, 215 
Purdue. 122. 1^0. 401. 
Pullan, 188 
Purcell, 225. 
Piirves, 243. 
Puisford, 3<)i, 
Puff, 214 
Plum, IS 
Plume, 132. 200 
Plumnu-r. 315. 337. 
Priiden, 186 189 



(JL'IMIIV Ka.mh.y. 105. 

IJuiiiibv. 44 76, 168. 190, 211, 234, 

235 
(Juiiiliy, 213. 245. 365. 
«.)uinlan, 214 



kAM>Ai,i. Family. 418. 

Randall, 74. 77. 94. 147. ^S<, v,2. 

393. 396. 418 
Kand. 211. 247 254. 
Uafferiv. 257. 
Kaiclirf. 287. 
Kansom, 362. 
Kankin, 326. 

ka>niond, Mrs l-Idward, 146. 
Ray. 389 
Rankin, 187. 188. 
Redmond Family, 364. 
Readin>;. 3. 
Reynolds. 59 180. 215. 233, 236, 

237. 389- 396 
Reed, Edward, 420. 
Keed, 137, 165. 174, 429, 430. 
Reid, 303. 
Read. 214. 

Reimer. 180. 236. 390, 393. 
Reeves. 122. 
Reuck. 222. 
Reazcr. 163. 171. 172. 
kigKS. 16. 21,41 43, 70. loi. 133, 

353. 354. 355- 
Rice. 141. 389. 
Rich. 151, 158, 159. 
Richmond. 152 169 170. 267. 
Richards, 67, 152, 177, 220. 217, 229, 

247- 
Riker, 104. 153, 188. 389 
Rilev. 249. 250. 
Ring. 258. 
Richardson. 299. 
Richcy. 401. 

Roberts, 16, 37 152. 178, 363, 420. 
Robords. 41. 389 
Roberlion. 174 
Uobbiris. 76. 22g. 
Robinson. 45, 57. 84 120. 121, 153, 

171, 182, 210. 221, 222, 249. 254, 

255. 401 
Roi'Es. David N.. 274. 
Kopes, 191. 203 207. 220. 230. 231, 

236. 237. 250, 251. 365 392. 
Rolhnson. 72. 239. 303. 
Robotham. 244. 
Roosevelt, 254, 255. 
Rockwell Family. 424 
Rockwell. 148, 393. 396, 424. 
Rose. 15 

Ross. 44. 236, 295 
Rogers. 16,97, 174. 177. 234. 35'- 
Rochambeau, 34. 
Rowe, 23 
Rosenthal, ibo. 
Rossiter. 374 
Root. 191, 201, 232, 234, 235, 237, 

Roil. 245. 
Rowe. 447. 



Russell. 166, 340. 330, 389. 
Runyan Family 414 
Rinnan 188. 416 
kulan. 314 360. 
kimkle, 239 356 
Kudvard, 3. 
kmlcr. 439. 
Rugcr. 123. 

kYAN. Abraham H.. 395. 
kyan. 389 395. 
Ryinan, 174 



Sackcit. 459 
Say, II. 
Sayre. 31. no. 

Sankey. 99 

Sage. 163 234. 426 

Sands. 363 

Sanger. 389. 396. 400. 

Sandford, 164. 173 375 

Sanders, 182 

Savage, 187. 

Savage, kEv. Charles. 188. 

Sianshoroiigh, 41. 112. 

Stapley. 108. 

Siarkey, 116. 

Sharp, 302. 

Strachan. 14I, 

Sprague. 145. 14'i 

Salisbuiy, 146. 

Schauck. 146. 

Stalknrcni. 15^, 3''3 

Stall, 103. 

Scranion, 167. 

Sharpley, 170. 

Scarlet, 177. 

Stanley. 221. 251. 357. 390. 

Starr. Charles 397. 

Starr, 137. 335. 313. 314, 31S 303. 
397. 398. 

Shann, 335 

Small. 230. 339. 

Stalker. 244. 

Starbuck. 232, 252. 

St Clair. 32. 

Stagg. George R.. 305. 

Stagg, 248. 305. 

Standish, Miles 276. 28 t, 371. 

Sp.iulding. 315 333. 

Shackleford. 164. 165. 

Swaine, 12. 15, 16. 21 40. 174. 

Sprague, 444. 

Sergeant. 16. 42, loi. 

Se.il . 1 1 . 

Sellers. 36. 

Seabury, 315. 325 3*)5. 

Sedgwick, 254. 255 315 337. 

Self. 150. 157. 357. 360 

Stetson Family. 262. 

Stetson, 81. 122. 169. 202. 212. 213, 
215, 216. 2;4. 245. 

Slevin, 254. 

Slee. 398 
j Stevens, iii. 129. 362. 
I Stephenson. 141. 229. 240. 251. 
i Stevenson. 146. 166, 183 247. 

Stearns. 19 230. 231 

Sterling. 235. 240. 251. 358. 

Steele. 236. 395. 

Steckiuan. 353. 

Shcllenberger. I'jo 

Steinbach. 241. 

Schneider. 251. 

Sheldon Family. 408. 

Sheldon. 166 237. 

.Shears, 391. 

Shreve, 240. 

Schilman, 245. 

Snell, Charlotte. 278. 279. 

Snedcker. 164. 358. 380. 

Schenck. 160. 379 

Selon. 199 

Speer. 363. 

SiiEfARD Family, 423. 

SiiEi'ARD, Frederick M.. 423. 



Shepard, 150. 339. 331.33!, 336,340. 

36' 373 »»• 393- 396. 4M- i'i- 

42s 43» 45' 
SheppHrd. 313 
Shepherd. 165, |66. 168. 
Seers. 333 
Seely, 183, 186. 300 
Sene/, 195 

Shenunn,"i33. 124. 171.344. 317. 363. 
Stewart, 146. 371.401. 
Scwaid, 190, 191, 335, 241. 347. 3S8. 

395- 

Sheridan. ai6. 

Streeter. 174 178. 

Spcllmeyer 175. 178 

Sweazv. 106. 

Selleck. 384 

Sell/., 389 

Siginour. 444. 

Silliman. 232. 

Scribncr. 2^4. 

Sincl.iir, y>i. 

Silby. 395 

Sickles. 124. 

Simons, 137. 

Simmons 155, 177, 234. 

Sippel. 161. 

Singer. 161. 

Smith Family. 106 

Smith. 26. 41. 44 45. 105. 113. 119, 
120, 133. 134. 135, 137. U'- '47. 
'53 >55 '$(•■ '64- '73 '74 '7* 
183. 186. 193. 191. 194 214. 316, 
221. 234, 335. 243. 344. 345. 247. 
248. 261. 301. 353. 361, Tfy2. 375. 

Schmidt. 245. 248. 389 3//). 

Spinning. 146. 153. 361. 

Schicman. 122. 166. 

Skinner. 121 

Stickler Family. 376. 

Stickler. J W .MO ,278. 

Stickler. 137 199. 200, 315. 337, 339. 

Simpson. 221. 251. 

Shields. 331. 225. 

Schiller. 351. ^ 

Shipman, 309. *^ 

Sw ill. 141. 390, 389. 396. 397. 

Soveril. 114. 132. 153. 346. 389. 

Soper. 166 

Souther. 355. 

Sloane, 288. 361. 

Scott. 137. 229 

Scribncr. 410 

Stocking. 50, 125, 165, 171. 

Short, 67 

Shores. 76. 

Strong, 44, 182. 

Stoll, 133. 

Storrs. Rev Hknrv, 137. 

Siorrs, 137, 156, 157, 158, 

Stokes. 345. 

Stow, 166. 

Stone. I.kvi P.. 320. 

Stone, 151, 347, 313 314. 315. 459- 

Story. 433 

Stroiher, 392. 

Sturgess, 247. 

Shoiwell, 153. 

Snow. 251. 362. 44' 

St. John. 347. 

SrOTTIsWOOllK FAMILIf. 384 

Spottiswoode, 201, 303, 305. ao6, 

315. 216. 
Scull, 146. 
Sullivan. 249. 

Sqi'IEk Homes trad. 354. 
Squier. 33. 42. 43. 143. 144, i<>4- 

315. 318. 
Spurgeon, 182. 
Strong. 410. 
Struck. 160. 
Stuyvesani. i 
Siuricvant. 460. 
Stnihle. 313. 
Stnilher. 165. 
Sulphen, 401. 



468 



Personal Index. 



Sullivan, 415. 

Stuky. 389 

Schuyler. Rkv. Anihony, 167. 

Schuyler, 22, 165. 166, 171. 172. 242. 

Syman, 21. 40. 

Sclinyder, 46, 212. 

Stryker, 213. 262. 



Tappan, 164. 326. 444. 
Taylor Family. 411. 

Taylor. 24. 25. 41. 46. 80. 94. loi. 

125. 133- 134- 141. 145 IS''- ^57. 
160. 173. J74, 177, i8o. 181. 184, 
189, 194. 215. 216. 229, 231,, 249. 
360, 362. 420 
Tainter, 146. 360. 
Tarr, 254. 
Trabold, 122, 216. 
Talmage, 148. 
Travis, 158. 159. 
Traphagen. 215. 
Thatcher, 189. 325. 
Terrill, 43. 359r367. 

Feller, 167. 

I erhune. 170, 205. 

Trench, 170. 

Trenchard, 175. 176, 361. 
'Tcel. 87. 

Teed, 215. 

Tremery, 200 

Trepkou. 125. 249. 

Teulon. 244, 245. 

'Thebacca 254 255. 

'Treat. 13. 14. 15. 16. 20. 27, 41. 48. 

67. 70. 105 288. 425. 
Tweclciell. 140. 156. 157. 
'TiLLOU, Abijah I-"., 364. 
Tillou. 41. 215, 363. 
Timms, 155. 
Tinison, 163. 170, 315. 
'Tiger, 183. 
Tilley, 176. 
Timpson, 221. 
Tillinghast. 409. 

Tileston, 433. 
TiLNRY Family. 298. 
TiLNEY. John S., 297, 299. 410. 
Tilford. 252. 
'Ticlienor. 16. 30, 42. 107, 152. 207. 

213. 243. 359. 405- 
Trippe. 150. 439. 
Tisdale, 400. 
Titsworih, 415. 
TwilclicU. 440. 
Tompkins, 16, 20. 22. 32, 42, 44. 76, 

133- 173 305. 355- 389- 

I ooker, 152 

Toombs, 222. 249, 338, 339 
'Toedr, 232. 
Tomas, 41. 
Torrey, 166. 
'Toppin, 401. 
Topham,40i. 
Townsend. 173. 174,/ 
'lownley. 174. 

^honias, 148. 158. 166. 172. 174. 232. 
^ 247. 252. 4'-o. 
■'Trow, 289. 
'Trowbridge. 148, 158. 159. 

Thorp, 128, 152. 190. 250. 



' Thompson, 183. 215, 221, 239, 251, 
308. 355. 389. 390- 401- 
TuRRELL Family. 367. 
'Turrell, 357, 367. 
'Tutile, 178, 289. 

Tupper. 182 
Tuneson. 174. 
Tubbs. 289, 

Truman, Henry H., 209. 
Truman, 172, 207. 
Truesdell. 401. 
'Trntnbull. 184. 

Tfiursby. 232. 
'Tyler, 153, 401. 



fpliani. 175. 
L'nderhiU, 141 
Upton, 232. 
Unitiedt, 404. 



170. 301. 370. 



Vance. 145. 146. 

Vaughn, 439. 

Varian, 259. 

Vail, 178, 190 240. 

Varndell, 122. 

Van Buskirk, 122, 303. 

Van Cortlandt. 117, 229. 

\'an Anken, 411. 

Van Dyke. 149 

\'an Doren, 375 

Van Home, 174, 234. 235. 251. 

Van Houten. 213. 

Van Gaasbeck. 229. 

Van Orden, 216. 244. 243. 

Van Ness. 254. 

Van Nostrand. 170, 172. 

Van Marter. 247 

Van Rensselatir. 163, 254 308, 

Van Vechien. 238, 239. 240. 

Van Vilsur, 85. 

Van der Stucken. 234. 

\*an Wagoner, 83 

\'an Wagenen, 156. 169, 170, 232, 

239. 240, 242, 251. 358, 361. 
Van Winkle, 22. 
Van Zee, 19a. 
Vermilvea, 47, 16;. 214, 215, 262, 

389 ' 
\ errazaiio. i. 
Vincent. 133. 149. 
Vischey. 420. 
Vose. John G.. 365. 
Vose. 231. 238, 239. 
Von ^lechenhorbt, 167. 



Wakenian, 449. 

Ward Family. 108 

Ward, 15. 20, 22. 40. 41. 43. 62 64. 
65- 70- 73- loS- '08 109, no, HI, 
112, 133. 141. 165, 167 186. 192, 
195, 200, 205. 212, 226. 231, 334, 
243. 244, 245, 246. 287, 353, 358, 

363. 384. 390. 417- 
Waro, Robert, S. O., 385. 
Wade. 287. 355. 
Wadswonh. 308. 30*^. 
Wakefield, 247. 248. 
Walters, 16. 



Walls, 42. 

Walker. 68. 166. 214. 

Walsh. 3. 391. 

Wallace. 151, 155, 300. 

Wallace. D. A.. 313 315. 333. 

Walton, 235, 390. 396. 402 

Wallis, 141. 259, 402- 

Wales, 190. 

Warren. 284. 

Warner, 172. 380. 

Washington, 29, 30, 32, 33. 34, 269, 

435- 
Washburn. 63, 292, 325. 371. 
Watson, 16, 167, 229, 230, £54, 362, 

Waters, 392. 

Wayne, 34, 90. 

W'harry, 122. 

Webster, 150, 181. 253. 401. 

Webb, 20. 132. 

Weed. 370. 

Weaver, 362. 

Weeks, 98. 188. 190. 

Wells. 215. 274. 

Werner. 161. 

Werth, 161. 

Wescott. 242. 

Weston, 270. 

West. Ti. 315 337. 

Wentworili, 210 293. 

Wetinore, 239, 240. 329. 

Weil, 161. 

Wenner. 173. 

Wells, 213. 

Westerveli, 454. 

Wellington, 43. 

Wescott, 155. 

Weidenfield, 254, 213. 

Welsh, 304. 

Wheeler. 16, 21, 22, 25, 28. -,7- 71. 

loi. 106. 127, 132, 133. 200, 205, 

254. 306. 3'^3. 411- 
\\'heaton, 396. 
Williams Family. 113. 
Williams, Kev. James A , 115. 
Williams, Leanuer, 118. 
Williams 1:ldgar. 223. 
Williams. 22. 25, 26. 31, 32. 38, 44. 

46. 52. 57- 59. 60. 65 67. 73. 75. 

7b. 78. 94 100, 105. 113. 114 115. 

120. 121, 122. 125, 127, 128, 112, 

133, 134, 140. 141. 153. 155. i'^z. 

163, 164. 165, 168. 171. 185, 200. 

202. 212, 213, 215. 216, 224, 236, 

240. 242. 243. 244. 245. 24.). 301. 

302. 303 304. 308, 314. 315. 401. 
Wilco.x, 54. 395. 
Williamson. 95, 441. 
Wilson, 146. 171, 175, 216. 243, 258. 

287, 390. 400. 
Wiley, 141. 190, 407. 
Willie, 160. 
Willard. 162. 
Wilmot, 170. 305. 
\V'ilbur, 236, 237. 
Willis 238. 239. 240. 
Willeiston, 193. 
Wilkington, 2n. 
Wilkinson. 421. 
Wilde, John, 452. 
Wilde. 171, 173. 452. 453. 454. 
Willocks. 355. 



Withington, 453. -L^ 

Wicks, Stephen. M. 1)., 268. 

Wicks, 84, 218, 231. 237, 238, 239. 

Winthrop, 14, 420. 

Winans, 55, 243. 

Winterick. 160 

Wiedenhold. 160. 

Wiseman. 171. 

Winter. 172. 

VVlGGIN, H. B.. 20S. 

Wiggin, 183. 202. 207. 208. 

Wigger. 197. 

Winey. 192. 

Wisner, 160. 

Wilniarth, 221 

Wi'nierdmg. 254. ^57. 362. 

Willigerod, 257. 

Wilkins. 355.' 

Wildey. 361. 362. 

Winslow, 362. 

Wmant, 287. 

Winner, 401. 

Wiley, 390 

White. Re\. William C, 136. 

White, 134. 136. 156, 159, 161. 1R5, 

360. 
Whiting. 121. 213, 238, 240. 
Whiteside, 152. 
Whitaker. 154, 155. 
Whiitingham, 162, 164. 240. 
Whitney, 166. 214, 245, 
Whittlesey, 215. 
Whitehead, 254, 255. 
Whitlock, 146" 

\\'HiTTEMokE Family. 432. 
Whittemore. Saml'el, 433. 
Whittemore. 169, 432, 433, 434. 
Whitman, 182, 297, 390. 
Whilhelni. 221. 
Wright. 30. 64, 174. 297, 320. 358, 

360. 361, 425 
Wood [. Walter, 365. 
Wood, 156, 164, 241, 355, 362. 371, 

449. 
WoodhuU, 315, 337. 
Woodworth, 251, 
Woodward, 247. 445. 
Woodruft. 254. 390, 414. 
Woodhouse, 164. 
\\'olcott, 370. 
Wolf. 125, i6i, 239. 
Wolt, 240. 247. 
Worcester, 145. 
Worth. 315. 337. 
Woolsey, 410. 
Wyckoff, 36. 90, 91. 
W\man, 158, 159. 
Whybrew, 43 



Yardley, Mrs. Chari.es B., 454. 

Vardley, 237. 240, 251. 254. 

Yeomans. Rev. Alkred 152. 

Yeomans. 150. 155 214. 245. 

Yorke. 382. 

Yost, 161. 

Young, 146, 166, 167. 170, 214. 390. 



Zippell. 169. 251, 259. 
Zimmerman, 240 



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